Geography of Brazil

2038: 1276: 1226: 2015:. Its total area of 927,286 square kilometers (358,027 sq mi) corresponds to 10.9% of the national territory. The region has the largest share of the country's population, 63 million in 1991, or 39% of the national total, primarily as a result of internal migration since the mid-19th century until the 1980s. In addition to a dense urban network, it contains the megacities of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, which in 1991 had 18.7 million and 11.7 million inhabitants in their metropolitan areas, respectively. The region combines the highest living standards in Brazil with pockets of urban poverty. In 1994 São Paulo boasted an average income of US$ 4,666, while Minas Gerais reported only US$ 2,833. 1058: 1869: 2201:

Amazonas-Solimões-Ucayali axis (the 6,762-kilometer (4,202 mi)-long Ucayali is a Peruvian tributary), flowing from west to east. Through the Amazon Basin flows one-fifth of the world's fresh water. A total of 3,615 kilometers (2,246 mi) of the Amazon are in Brazilian territory. Over this distance, the waters decline only about 100 meters (330 ft). The major tributaries on the southern side are, from west to east, the Javari, Juruá, Purus (all three of which flow into the western section of the Amazon called the

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1796: 727: 1253: 1203: 820: 1383: 1989: 1705: 26: 1360:. In 2015 there were 10,424 districts. All municipal and district seats, regardless of size, are considered officially to be urban. For purely statistical purposes, the municipalities were grouped in 1990 into 558 micro-regions, which in turn constituted 137 meso-regions. This grouping modified the previous micro-regional division established in 1968, a division that was used to present census data for 1970, 1975, 1980, and 1985. 955: 1180: 2185: 600: 2984: 2824: 2237:. The above-mentioned tributaries carry more water than the Mississippi (its discharge is less than one-tenth that of the Amazon). The Amazon and some of its tributaries, called "white" rivers, bear rich sediments and hydrobiological elements. The black-white and clear rivers—such as the Negro, Tapajós, and Xingu—have clear (greenish) or dark water with few nutrients and little sediment. 656:. The above-mentioned tributaries carry more water than the Mississippi (its discharge is less than one-tenth that of the Amazon). The Amazon and some of its tributaries, called "white" rivers, bear rich sediments and hydrobiological elements. The black-white and clear rivers—such as the Negro, Tapajós, and Xingu—have clear (greenish) or dark water with few nutrients and little sediment. 980:), has long been famous for the wealth of its tropical forests. These are not, however, as important to world markets as those of Asia and Africa, which started to reach depletion only in the 1980s. By 1996 more than 90% of the original Atlantic forest had been cleared, primarily for agriculture, with little use made of the wood, except for araucaria pine in Paraná. 883:, and in some cases spray irrigation. As agriculture underwent modernization in the 1970s and 1980s, soil fertility became less important for agricultural production than factors related to capital investment, such as infrastructure, mechanization, use of chemical inputs, breeding, and proximity to markets. Consequently, the vigor of frontier expansion weakened. 1765:. In the early 1980s, 33.6% of the region had been altered by anthropic activities, with a low of 9.3% in Mato Grosso and a high of 72.9% in Goiás (not including Tocantins). In 1996 the Center-West region had 10.2 million inhabitants, or 6% of Brazil's total population. The average density is low, with concentrations in and around the cities of 2064:—cover 577,214 square kilometers (222,864 sq mi), or 6.8% of the national territory. The population of the South in 1991 was 23.1 million, or 14% of the country's total. The region is almost as densely settled as the Southeast, but the population is more concentrated along the coast. The major cities are 992:

and Pereira. Therefore, this type of forest is not normally cleared for timber extraction but logged through high-grading or selection of the most valuable trees. Because of vines, felling, and transportation, their removal causes destruction of many other trees, and the litter and new growth create

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Brazil's tropical soils produce almost 210 million tons of grain crops per year, from about 70 million hectares of crops. The country also has the 5th largest arable land area in the world. Burning also is used traditionally to remove tall, dry, and nutrient-poor grass from pasture at the end of the

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and its geographic heartland, as well as various islands in the Atlantic Ocean. The only countries in the world that are larger are Russia, Canada, China, and the United States. The national territory extends 4,395 kilometers (2,731 mi) from north to south (5°16'20" N to 33°44'32" S latitude),

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Originally, the principal biome in the Southeast was the Atlantic Forest, but by 1990 less than 10% of the original forest cover remained as a result of clearing for farming, ranching, and charcoal making. Anthropic activity had altered 79.7% of the region, ranging from 75% in Minas Gerais to 91.1%

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have helped document and quantify deforestation as well as fires, but their use also has generated considerable controversy because of problems of defining original vegetation, cloud cover, and dealing with secondary growth and because fires, as mentioned above, may occur in old pasture rather than

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In 1996 the North had 11.1 million inhabitants, only 7% of the national total. However, its share of Brazil's total had grown rapidly in the 1970s and early 1980s as a result of interregional migration, as well as high rates of natural increase. The largest population concentrations are in eastern

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is around 59% of the total land area, equivalent to 496,619,600 hectares (ha) of forest in 2020, down from 588,898,000 hectares (ha) in 1990. In 2020, naturally regenerating forest covered 485,396,000 hectares (ha) and planted forest covered 11,223,600 hectares (ha). Of the naturally regenerating

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is notoriously humid, with rainfall generally more than 2,000 millimetres (78.7 in) per year and reaching as high as 3,000 millimetres (118.1 in) in parts of the western Amazon and near Belém. It is less widely known that, despite high annual precipitation, the Amazon rain forest has a

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The Northeast, with 1,561,178 square kilometers (602,774 sq mi), covers 18.3% of the national terrest concentration of rural population, and its living standards are the lowest in Brazil. In 1994 Piauí had the lowest per capita income in the region and the country, only US$ 835, while

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and Tocantins-Araguaia account for more than half the total drainage area. The largest river system in Brazil is the Amazon, which originates in the Andes and receives tributaries from a basin that covers 45.7% of the country, principally the north and west. The main Amazon river system is the

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is the widest and second longest river (behind the Nile) in the world. This huge river drains the greater part of the world's rainforests. Another major river, the Paraná, has its source in Brazil. It forms the border of Paraguay and Argentina, then winds its way through Argentina and into the

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used primarily for low-density ranching, turns green when there is rain. Most of the Center-West has 1,500 to 2,000 millimetres (59.1 to 78.7 in) of rain per year, with a pronounced dry season in the middle of the year, while the South and most of the year without a distinct dry season.

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are high, averaging above 25 °C (77 °F), but not reaching the summer extremes of up to 40 °C (104 °F) in the temperate zones. There is little seasonal variation near the equator, although at times it can get cool enough for wearing a jacket, especially in the rain. At the

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The inverse situation existed with regard to clearing for wood in the Amazon rain forest, of which about 15% had been cleared by 1994, and part of the remainder had been disturbed by selective logging. Because the Amazon forest is highly heterogeneous, with hundreds of woody species per

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planting and farming, in general, moved constantly onward to new lands in the west and north. This pattern of horizontal or extensive expansion maintained low levels of technology and productivity and placed emphasis on quantity rather than the quality of agricultural production.

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within a 2.6-square-kilometer (1 sq mi) area. The Atlantic Forest is reputed to have even greater biological diversity than the Amazon rain forest, which, despite apparent homogeneity, contains many types of vegetation, from high canopy forest to bamboo groves.

2072:. The inhabitants of the South enjoy relatively high living standards. Because of its industry and agriculture, Paraná had the highest average income in 1994, US$ 3,674, while Santa Catarina, a land of small farmers and small industries, had slightly less, US$ 3,405. 740:

According to organs of the Brazilian government there are 12 major hydrographic regions in Brazil. Seven of these are river basins named after their main rivers; the other five are groupings of various river basins in areas which have no dominant river.

1037:), were being discussed intensely in the mid-1990s. However, implementing the principles of sustainable development, without irreversible damage to the environment, proved to be more challenging than establishing international agreements about them. 1907:(created from the northern part of Goiás State, which is situated in the Center-West). Rondônia, previously a federal territory, became a state in 1986. The former federal territories of Roraima and Amapá were raised to statehood in 1988. 390:. The national territory extends 4,397.53 kilometers (2,732 mi) from north to south (5°16'10" N to 33°45'03" S latitude), and 4,320.53 kilometers (2,685 mi) from east to west (34°47'35" W to 73°58'59" W longitude). It spans four 311:. Brazil covers a total area of 8,514,215 km (3,287,357 sq mi) which includes 8,456,510 km (3,265,080 sq mi) of land and 55,455 km (21,411 sq mi) of water. The highest point in Brazil is 2244:, which flows 1,609 kilometers (1,000 mi) northeast from the south-central region. Its basin covers 7.6% of the national territory. Only 277 kilometers (172 mi) of the lower river are navigable for oceangoing ships. The 663:, which flows 1,609 kilometers (1,000 mi) northeast from the south-central region. Its basin covers 7.6% of the national territory. Only 277 kilometers (172 mi) of the lower river are navigable for oceangoing ships. The 1161:

is the driest part of the country. The region also constitutes the hottest part of Brazil, where during the dry season between May and November, temperatures of more than 38 °C (100 °F) have been recorded. However, the

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The variety of climates, soils, and drainage conditions in Brazil is reflected in the range of its vegetation types. The Amazon Basin and the areas of heavy rainfall along the Atlantic coast have tropical rain forest composed of

506:(consisting of native tree species with no clearly visible indications of human activity) and around 30% of the forest area was found within protected areas. For the year 2015, 56.% of the forest area was reported to be under 1742:, the tropical savanna in which natural grassland is partly covered with twisted shrubs and small trees. The cerrado was used for low-density cattle-raising in the past but is now also used for soybean production. There are 1375:

and population settlement vary widely among the regions. The principal ecological characteristics of each of the five major regions, as well as their principal socioeconomic and demographic features, are summarized below.

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High and relatively regular levels of precipitation in the Amazon contrast sharply with the dryness of the semiarid Northeast, where rainfall is scarce and there are severe droughts in cycles averaging seven years. The

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Brazil's six major ecosystems include the Amazon Basin, Pantanal, Cerrado, Caatinga, Atlantic Forest, and Pampas, each contributing uniquely to the country's rich biodiversity and environmental diversity. In Brazil

1781:. Living standards are below the national average. In 1994 they were highest in the Federal District, with per capita income of US$ 7,089 (the highest in the nation), and lowest in Mato Grosso, with US$ 2,268. 2354:

On Brazil's east coast, the Atlantic coastline extends 7,367 kilometers (4,578 mi). In the west, in clockwise order from the south, Brazil has 15,719 kilometers (9,767 mi) of borders with Uruguay,

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in the city of Rio de Janeiro are an example of the terrain of the Brazilian shield regions, where continental basement rock has been sculpted into towering domes and columns by tens of millions of years of

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On Brazil's east coast, the Atlantic coastline extends 7,367 kilometers (4,578 mi). In the west, in clockwise order from the south, Brazil has 15,719 kilometers (9,767 mi) of borders with Uruguay,

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in the city of Rio de Janeiro is an example of the terrain of the Brazilian shield regions, where continental basement rock has been sculpted into towering domes and columns by tens of millions of years of

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and its tributaries. Of the total territory, 41% averages less than 200 meters (656 ft) in elevation. The coastal zone is noted for thousands of kilometers of tropical beaches interspersed with

2150:). The plateau's uneven terrain has an average elevation of 1,000 meters (3,281 ft). The rest of the territory is made up primarily of sedimentary basins, the largest of which is drained by the 569:

and its tributaries. Of the total territory, 41% averages less than 200 meters (656 ft) in elevation. The coastal zone is noted for thousands of kilometers of tropical beaches interspersed with

565:). The plateau's uneven terrain has an average elevation of 1,000 meters (3,281 ft). The rest of the territory is made up primarily of sedimentary basins, the largest of which is drained by the 2267:, and boats and barges also must face sandbars, trees, and other obstacles. Nevertheless, the Amazon is navigable by oceangoing vessels as far as 3,885 kilometers (2,414 mi) upstream, reaching 686:, and boats and barges also must face sandbars, trees, and other obstacles. Nevertheless, the Amazon is navigable by oceangoing vessels as far as 3,885 kilometers (2,414 mi) upstream, reaching 585:. A recent global remote sensing analysis also suggested that there were 5,389 km of tidal flats in Brazil, making it the 7th ranked country in terms of how much tidal flat occurs there. 1133:, Recife, and Salvador on the coast have warm climates, with average temperatures ranging from 23 to 27 °C (73.4 to 80.6 °F), but enjoy constant trade winds. The southern cities of 3806: 1129:

are moderate (usually between 15 and 30 °C or 59 and 86 °F), despite their relatively low latitude, because of their elevation of approximately 1,000 meters (3,281 ft).

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signifying new clearing. Public policies intended to promote sustainable management of timber extraction, as well as sustainable use of nontimber forest products (such as rubber,

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Natural resources in Brazil include bauxite, gold, iron ore, manganese, nickel, phosphates, platinum, tin, clay, rare earth elements, uranium, petroleum, hydropower, and timber.

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and Uruguay. In 1982, 83.5% of the region had been altered by anthropic activity, with the highest level (89.7%) in Rio Grande do Sul, and the lowest (66.7%) in Santa Catarina.

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boomed. In 1990, 6.6% of the region's territory was considered altered by anthropic (man-made) action, with state levels varying from 0.9% in Amapá to 14.0% in Rondônia.

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With 3,869,638 square kilometers (1,494,076 sq mi), the North is the country's largest region, covering 45.3% of the national territory. The region's principal

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of between 1,000 and 1,500 millimetres (39.4 and 59.1 in) a year, with most of the rain falling in the winter (between December and April) south of the Equator. The

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country's other extreme, there are frosts south of the Tropic of Capricorn during the winter (June–August), and there is snow in the mountainous areas, such as

2403:. A few short sections are in question, but there are no true major boundary controversies with any of the neighboring countries. Brazil has the 10th largest 2146:

In addition to mountain ranges (about 0.5% of the country is above 1,200 m or 3,937 ft), Brazil's Central Highlands include a vast central plateau (

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In addition to mountain ranges (about 0.5% of the country is above 1,200 m or 3,937 ft), Brazil's Central Highlands include a vast central plateau (

489:. A few short sections are in question, but there are no true major boundary controversies with any of the neighboring countries. Brazil has the 10th largest 2023:. The state of São Paulo alone accounts for half of the country's industries. Agriculture, also very strong, has diversified and now uses modern technology. 828:

dry season. Until mechanization and the use of chemical and genetic inputs increased during the agricultural intensification period of the 1970s and 1980s,

3943: 3153: 2351:. In the early 1970s, Brazil claimed a territorial sea extending 362 kilometers (225 mi) from the country's shores, including those of the islands. 437:. In the early 1970s, Brazil claimed a territorial sea extending 362 kilometers (225 mi) from the country's shores, including those of the islands. 271: 358:

Much of the climate is tropical, with the south being relatively temperate. The largest river in Brazil, and the second longest in the world, is the

1345:(municípios), which have municipal governments. Many municipalities, which are comparable to United States counties, are in turn divided into 2252:, reaching the Atlantic between Argentina and Uruguay. The headwaters of the Paraguai, the Paraná's major eastern tributary, constitute the 1738:

The Center-West has 1,612,077 square kilometers (622,426 sq mi) and covers 18.9% of the national territory. Its main biome is the

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Starting in the late 1980s, rapid deforestation and extensive burning in Brazil received considerable international and national attention.

671:, reaching the Atlantic between Argentina and Uruguay. The headwaters of the Paraguai, the Paraná's major eastern tributary, constitute the 251:

bauxite, gold, iron ore, manganese, nickel, phosphates, platinum, tin, clay, rare earth elements, uranium, petroleum, hydropower, and timber

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have a subtropical climate similar to that in parts of the United States and Europe, and temperatures can fall below freezing in winter.

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Range, the largest in area, extends through the south-central part of the country. The highest mountains are in the Tumucumaque,

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is located, the national capital. Until 1988 Goiás State included the area that then became the state of Tocantins in the North.

915:(sparse scrub trees and drought-resistant grasses), which became an area of agricultural development after the mid-1970s. In the 554:

Range, the largest in area, extends through the south-central part of the country. The highest mountains are in the Tumucumaque,

3304: 3259: 267: 2275:. The Amazon river system was the principal means of access until new roads became more important. Hydroelectric projects are 694:. The Amazon river system was the principal means of access until new roads became more important. Hydroelectric projects are 3625: 374:

and its geographic heartland and various islands in the Atlantic Ocean. The only countries in the world that are larger are

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Murray, N.J.; Phinn, S.R.; DeWitt, M.; Ferrari, R.; Johnston, R.; Lyons, M.B.; Clinton, N.; Thau, D.; Fuller, R.A. (2019).

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Below their descent from the highlands, many of the tributaries of the Amazon are navigable. Upstream, they generally have

1367:. Administrative boundaries do not necessarily coincide with ecological boundaries, however. In addition to differences in 678:

Below their descent from the highlands, many of the tributaries of the Amazon are navigable. Upstream, they generally have

1225: 3929: 3402: 1275: 911:, a dry, thick, thorny vegetation, predominates. Most of central Brazil is covered with a woodland savanna, known as the 2256:, the largest contiguous wetlands in the world, covering as much as 230,000 square kilometers (89,000 sq mi). 675:, the largest contiguous wetlands in the world, covering as much as 230,000 square kilometers (89,000 sq mi). 2331:, located 350 kilometers (217 mi) northeast of its "horn", and several small islands and atolls in the Atlantic - 2099:

production, is carried out by small farmers—has high levels of productivity. There are also some important industries.

417:, located 350 kilometers (217 mi) northeast of its "horn", and several small islands and atolls in the Atlantic - 4046: 2852: 2321: 2309: 407: 395: 3486: 3244: 3066: 3015: 2958: 3178: 3041: 1153:

three- to five-month dry season, the timing of which varies according to location north or south of the equator.

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5 coastal Hydrographic Regions based on regional groupings of minor river basins (listed from north to south):

3766: 2083:, much of which were cleared in the post-World War II period, the southernmost portion of Brazil contains the 951:, and widely dispersed trees similar to those of the cerrado and is partly submerged during the rainy season. 3853: 3848: 3761: 3443: 3138: 2332: 2304:

and 4,319 kilometers (2,684 mi) from east to west (34°47'30" W to 73°59'32" W longitude). It spans four

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In the 1980s, investments made possible the use of irrigation, especially in the Northeast Region and in

2196:, with eight major drainage basins, all of which drain into the Atlantic Ocean. Two of these basins—the 4051: 3952: 3708: 3538: 3453: 3438: 2340: 1699: 1439: 1338: 1193: 426: 3779: 3733: 3723: 3463: 3387: 3274: 3254: 3173: 2840: 2143:, and Imeri ranges, among others, which traverse the northern border with the Guianas and Venezuela. 1728: 1528: 1322: 1189: 558:, and Imeri ranges, among others, which traverse the northern border with the Guianas and Venezuela. 3960: 3524: 3284: 3220: 3163: 1983: 1790: 1424: 1414: 1330: 1266: 1158: 849: 735: 2892: 2249: 2119:

crystalline shields cover 36% of the territory, especially its central area. The dramatic granite

1974:, US$ 2,888, in the region in 1994, was in Amazonas, while the lowest, US$ 901, was in Tocantins. 1746:

along the rivers and streams and some larger areas of forest, most of which have been cleared for

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crystalline shields cover 36% of the territory, especially its central area. The dramatic granite

3831: 3610: 2404: 2348: 2344: 2080: 2032: 1409: 1354: 1334: 916: 490: 434: 430: 4023: 3968: 3620: 3570: 3448: 3392: 3355: 3335: 3330: 3095: 2061: 2046: 2008: 1888: 1565: 1550: 1289: 1118: 960: 943:-sized plain in the western portion of the Center-West (Centro-Oeste). It is covered with tall 2241: 2131:

The principal mountain ranges average elevations just under 2,000 meters (6,562 ft). The

1922:. The North has served as a source of forest products ranging from "backlands drugs" (such as 836:

The largest areas of fertile soils, called terra roxa (red earth), are found in the states of

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State, a new pattern of timber extraction has emerged: diversification and the production of

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The principal mountain ranges average elevations under 2,000 meters (6,562 ft). The

414: 1082: 3983: 3843: 3771: 3753: 3718: 3668: 3550: 3496: 3468: 3318: 3299: 2998: 2939: 2234: 1868: 1799: 1724: 1521: 1185: 1086: 653: 1057: 4008: 3896: 3889: 3683: 3645: 3506: 3421: 3279: 3249: 3215: 3130: 3122: 2931: 2858: 2848: 2112: 2084: 2057: 2020: 1971: 1904: 1873: 1685: 1570: 1464: 1372: 1312: 1114: 1046: 988:, there is considerable distance between individual trees of economic value, such as 888: 860: 527: 3491: 2943: 2911: 2053: 2000: 1560: 1555: 1110: 837: 3678: 3673: 3580: 3473: 3458: 3158: 2923: 2147: 1795: 1681: 1318: 1208: 562: 511: 279: 240: 3630: 2395:). The only South American countries with which Brazil does not share borders are 2042: 481:). The only South American countries with which Brazil does not share borders are 3905: 3838: 3738: 3698: 3635: 3565: 3148: 2218: 2076: 1951: 1915: 1293: 1231: 1212: 1013: 773: 637: 507: 312: 275: 219: 181: 2245: 2226: 1069:, the climate of Brazil varies considerably from the mostly tropical North (the 758: 664: 645: 3478: 3289: 2336: 2313: 2305: 1993: 1923: 1743: 1388: 1122: 1074: 880: 763: 753: 612: 503: 422: 399: 391: 308: 193: 3064: 2956: 2927: 1754:. In the north, the cerrado blends into tropical forest. It also includes the 1285: 1081:(23°27' S latitude), which crosses the country at the latitude of the city of 726: 4073: 3921: 3910: 3663: 3382: 2988: 2878:

Terms and Definitions FRA 2025 Forest Resources Assessment, Working Paper 194

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in more recent times. In the mid-twentieth century, non-forest products from

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soils also were made usable for soybean farming through acidity correction,

3205: 2935: 2284: 2222: 2197: 2193: 2151: 2132: 2069: 2004: 1774: 1540: 1434: 1202: 1134: 1001:. In favorable locations, such as Paragominas, in the northeastern part of 819: 807: 748: 703: 641: 616: 608: 566: 547: 498: 359: 206: 3858: 1970:

in Amazonas. Living standards are below the national average. The highest

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at 2,994 m (9,823 ft). Brazil is bordered by the countries of

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Sergipe had the highest average income in the region, with US$ 1,958.

1823: 1770: 1496: 1382: 629: 615:, all of which drain into the Atlantic Ocean. Two of these basins—the 3863: 2834: 2376: 2356: 2264: 2248:

system covers 14.5% of the country. The Paraná flows south among the

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system covers 14.5% of the country. The Paraná flows south among the

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recurring droughts in northeast; floods and occasional frost in south

170: 125: 1950:, and livestock-raising became more important, and in the 1980s the 1778: 1761:

in the west, known for their wildlife, especially aquatic birds and

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Edison Lobão; Fernando César de Moreira Mesquita (11 June 1991),

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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

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Edison Lobão; Fernando César de Moreira Mesquita (11 June 1991),

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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

2400: 2364: 2268: 2125: 1947: 1892: 1835: 1807: 1758: 1747: 1739: 1659: 1587: 1511: 1506: 1449: 1325:(Distrito Federal) are divided conventionally into five regions: 1235: 1105: 1070: 1006: 985: 965: 940: 912: 892: 872: 687: 540: 486: 450: 344: 320: 165: 130: 2881:. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2023. 2280: 1896: 1444: 1002: 699: 3118: 2392: 2380: 2316:

and of the most populated part of Brazil along the east coast (

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and of the most populated part of Brazil along the east coast (

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Precipitation levels vary widely. Most of Brazil has moderate

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evergreen trees. The rain forest may contain as many as 3,000

599: 2396: 2317: 2288: 2108: 1911: 1811: 1596: 1474: 1022: 944: 928: 900: 896: 844:. The least fertile areas are in the Amazon, where the dense 707: 523: 482: 403: 383: 1009:

have led to the economic use of more than 100 tree species.

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Natural vegetation map of Brazil, 1977. The "Paraná pine" (

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Atlântico Nordeste Ocidental (Western North-east Atlantic)

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7 hydrographic regions named after their dominant rivers:

2324:. The Atlantic islands are in the easternmost time zone. 864: 791:

Atlântico Nordeste Oriental (Eastern North-east Atlantic)

410:. The Atlantic islands are in the easternmost time zone. 2909: 2221:. On the northern side, the largest tributaries are the 852:

are often fertile, but they lack water, unless they are

640:. On the northern side, the largest tributaries are the 2912:"The global distribution and trajectory of tidal flats" 517: 811:

Atlantic Ocean, along the southern coast of Uruguay.

2897:

Food Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

2019:in Espírito Santo. The region has most of Brazil's 2407:of 3,830,955 km (1,479,140 sq mi). 2181:protects the largest coral reef in South America. 1879:The equatorial North, also known as the Amazon or 972:, pines are not native to the Southern Hemisphere. 596:protects the largest coral reef in South America. 493:of 3,830,955 km (1,479,140 sq mi). 2893:"Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020, Brazil" 1958:Pará State and in Rondônia. The major cities are 1061:Brazil map of Köppen climate classification zones 365: 4071: 2299:Brazil occupies most of the eastern part of the 370:Brazil occupies most of the eastern part of the 2818: 2816: 2814: 2812: 2810: 2808: 2806: 2804: 2802: 2800: 2798: 2796: 2794: 2792: 2790: 2788: 2786: 2784: 2782: 2780: 2778: 2776: 2774: 2772: 2770: 2768: 2766: 2764: 2762: 2760: 2758: 2756: 2754: 2752: 2750: 2748: 2746: 2744: 2742: 2740: 2738: 2736: 2734: 2732: 2730: 2728: 2726: 2724: 2722: 2720: 2718: 2716: 2714: 2712: 2710: 2708: 2706: 2704: 2702: 2700: 2698: 2696: 2694: 2692: 2690: 2688: 2686: 2684: 2682: 2680: 2678: 2676: 2674: 2672: 2670: 2668: 2666: 2664: 2662: 2660: 2658: 2656: 2654: 2652: 2650: 2648: 2646: 2644: 2642: 2640: 2638: 2636: 2634: 2632: 2630: 2628: 2626: 2624: 2622: 2620: 2240:The major river system in the Northeast is the 1842:archipelago (formerly the federal territory of 1806:The nine states that make up the Northeast are 659:The major river system in the Northeast is the 303:The country of Brazil occupies roughly half of 239:Coastal mountain ranges, vast central plateau ( 3951: 2618: 2616: 2614: 2612: 2610: 2608: 2606: 2604: 2602: 2600: 2598: 2596: 2594: 2592: 2590: 2588: 2586: 2584: 2582: 2580: 2578: 2576: 2574: 2572: 2570: 2568: 2566: 2564: 2562: 2560: 2558: 2556: 2554: 2552: 2550: 2548: 2546: 2544: 2542: 2540: 2538: 2536: 2534: 2532: 2530: 2528: 2526: 2524: 2522: 2520: 2518: 2516: 2514: 2512: 2510: 2508: 2506: 2504: 2502: 2500: 2498: 2496: 2494: 2492: 2490: 2488: 2486: 2484: 2482: 2480: 2478: 2476: 2474: 2472: 2470: 2468: 2466: 2464: 2462: 2460: 2458: 2456: 2454: 2452: 2450: 2448: 2446: 2444: 2442: 2440: 1363:Each of the five major regions has a distinct 976:Brazil, which is named after reddish dyewood ( 3937: 3103: 2976: 2438: 2436: 2434: 2432: 2430: 2428: 2426: 2424: 2422: 2420: 2192:Brazil has one of the world's most extensive 1999:The Southeast consists of the four states of 1883:, includes, from west to east, the states of 1727:(separated from Mato Grosso in 1979) and the 931:covers the sea-level plains. The Mato Grosso 607:Brazil has one of the world's most extensive 297:3,830,955 km (1,479,140 sq mi) 93:8,514,877 km (3,287,612 sq mi) 4058:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 2308:, the westernmost of which is equivalent to 394:, the westernmost of which is equivalent to 243:), remainder is primarily sedimentary basins 1121:. Temperatures in the cities of São Paulo, 286:activities, wetland degradation and severe 3944: 3930: 3110: 3096: 2417: 1850:state) is also included in the Northeast. 1715:The Center-West consists of the states of 1065:Although 90% of the country is within the 3042:"World Development Indicators | DataBank" 2279:, in Paraná, with 12,600 MW; Tucuruí, in 2128:, untouched by mountain-building events. 2052:The three states in the temperate South: 1341:(Centro-Oeste). In 2015 there were 5,570 863:State, which had shifted from grazing to 698:, in Paraná, with 12,600 MW; Tucuruí, in 543:, untouched by mountain-building events. 3068:Decreto nº 11.902 de 11 de Junho de 1991 2960:Decreto nº 11.902 de 11 de Junho de 1991 2183: 2036: 1987: 1867: 1794: 1703: 1056: 953: 818: 725: 598: 2175:Parcel de Manuel Luís Marine State Park 2135:Range hugs the Atlantic coast, and the 1938:) in the colonial period to rubber and 797:Atlântico Sudeste (South-east Atlantic) 590:Parcel de Manuel Luís Marine State Park 550:Range hugs the Atlantic coast, and the 4072: 2832: 1073:traverses the mouth of the Amazon) to 814: 3925: 3091: 1306: 223:9,850 km (3,803 sq mi) 2327:Brazil possesses the archipelago of 1085:. Brazil has five climatic regions: 713: 413:Brazil possesses the archipelago of 3184:Sixth (New) Republic (1985–present) 3117: 2314:time zone of the capital (Brasília) 1680:of Brazil, showing the division by 730:Main Hydrographic Regions of Brazil 721: 518:Geology, geomorphology and drainage 400:time zone of the capital (Brasília) 13: 3074:(in Portuguese), State of Maranhão 2966:(in Portuguese), State of Maranhão 2839:(5th ed.). Washington, D.C.: 1265:, a biome that covers part of the 794:Atlântico Leste (Eastern Atlantic) 14: 4091: 3179:Military dictatorship (1964–1985) 268:deforestation in the Amazon basin 231:North: tropical, South: temperate 3164:First (Old) Republic (1889–1930) 2982: 2822: 2341:Penedos de São Pedro e São Paulo 1381: 1274: 1251: 1224: 1201: 1178: 427:Penedos de São Pedro e São Paulo 24: 1349:(distritos), which do not have 1329:(Norte), Northeast (Nordeste), 185:2,995.30 m (9,827 ft) 3058: 3034: 3020: 2950: 2903: 2885: 2869: 1693: 997:, which are otherwise rare in 800:Atlântico Sul (South Atlantic) 502:forest 44% was reported to be 366:Size and geographical location 282:and water pollution caused by 1: 2836:Brazil : a country study 2410: 2113:Brazil's geological formation 528:Brazil's geological formation 211:6,992 km (4,345 mi) 173:2,137 km (1,328 mi) 158:2,659 km (1,652 mi) 138:1,790 km (1,110 mi) 133:3,403 km (2,115 mi) 117:7,491 km (4,655 mi) 2833:Hudson, Rex A., ed. (1998). 2294: 1977: 1784: 1294:subtropical highland climate 7: 3953:Geography of South America 3626:Water supply and sanitation 3174:Fourth Republic (1946–1964) 3149:Colonial Brazil (1500–1815) 3004:Central Intelligence Agency 1834:, Rio Grande do Norte, and 1186:Tropical rainforest climate 907:In the semiarid Northeast, 168:1,050 km (650 mi) 153:1,371 km (852 mi) 148:1,308 km (813 mi) 128:1,263 km (785 mi) 10: 4096: 3154:United Kingdom (1815–1822) 2312:in the United States. The 2030: 1981: 1861: 1788: 1700:Center-West Region, Brazil 1697: 1310: 1267:Northeast Region of Brazil 1050: 1044: 1040: 733: 398:in the United States. The 270:, illegal wildlife trade, 4032: 3959: 3883: 3752: 3644: 3546: 3537: 3515: 3429: 3420: 3408:President of the Republic 3326: 3317: 3201: 3192: 3129: 2928:10.1038/s41586-018-0805-8 2841:Federal Research Division 2188:Topographic map of Brazil 1380: 1190:Anavilhanas National Park 871:production in the 1970s. 603:Topographic map of Brazil 293: 263: 255: 247: 235: 227: 215: 202: 189: 177: 163:515 km (320 mi) 143:649 km (403 mi) 121: 113: 105: 97: 89: 79: 42: 32: 23: 3331:Administrative divisions 3016:(Archived 2020 edition.) 2391:(overseas department of 2320:) is two hours ahead of 2301:South American continent 2095:—much of which, such as 2026: 1984:Southeast Region, Brazil 1857: 1791:Northeast Region, Brazil 736:List of rivers of Brazil 477:(overseas department of 406:) is two hours ahead of 372:South American continent 2405:Exclusive Economic Zone 2102: 2081:Araucaria moist forests 2041:Snow in mountains near 2033:Southern Region, Brazil 1211:in the municipality of 1104:Temperatures along the 491:Exclusive Economic Zone 294:Exclusive economic zone 3487:Science and technology 3169:Vargas Era (1930–1946) 3046:databank.worldbank.org 2189: 2166:, as well as numerous 2049: 1996: 1876: 1803: 1712: 1062: 973: 961:Araucaria angustifolia 824: 731: 604: 581:, as well as numerous 2322:Eastern Standard Time 2310:Eastern Standard Time 2283:, with 7,746 MW; and 2250:Río de la Plata Basin 2187: 2087:, which extends into 2040: 2021:industrial production 1991: 1871: 1798: 1707: 1259:Hot semi-arid climate 1168:semidesert vegetation 1060: 1053:Brazil § Climate 957: 939:Mato-grossense) is a 919:(Sul), needle-leaved 823:The Amazon Rainforest 822: 729: 702:, with 7,746 MW; and 669:Río de la Plata Basin 602: 408:Eastern Standard Time 396:Eastern Standard Time 3305:World Heritage Sites 3238:Environmental issues 3211:Brazilian Antarctica 1920:biological diversity 1864:North Region, Brazil 1369:physical environment 264:Environmental issues 198:0 m (0 ft) 4080:Geography of Brazil 3854:Syncretic Religions 3762:Freedom of religion 3444:Automotive industry 2847:. pp. 90–109. 2845:Library of Congress 2329:Fernando de Noronha 2121:sugarloaf mountains 2107:In contrast to the 2075:In addition to the 1903:, and, as of 1988, 1844:Fernando de Noronha 1840:Fernando de Noronha 1420:Central-West Region 1240:Pirineus State Park 1079:Tropic of Capricorn 815:Soil and vegetation 611:, with eight major 536:sugarloaf mountains 522:In contrast to the 415:Fernando de Noronha 60: / 20: 19:Geography of Brazil 3814:Eastern Orthodoxy 3807:Ukrainian Catholic 3502:Telecommunications 3159:Empire (1822–1889) 3144:Indigenous peoples 2999:The World Factbook 2190: 2137:Serra do Espinhaço 2050: 1997: 1877: 1804: 1800:Chapada Diamantina 1725:Mato Grosso do Sul 1713: 1307:Geographic regions 1063: 974: 825: 732: 605: 552:Serra do Espinhaço 106: • Water 90: • Total 18: 4067: 4066: 4039:other territories 3919: 3918: 3879: 3878: 3821: 3809: 3802: 3795: 3788: 3786:Armenian Catholic 3591:Income inequality 3533: 3532: 3416: 3415: 3403:Political parties 3398:National Congress 3361:Freedom of speech 3346:Foreign relations 3313: 3312: 3028:"Ibge statistics" 3002:(2024 ed.). 2922:(7738): 222–225. 2291:, with 3,986 MW. 2242:Rio São Francisco 2177:off the coast of 2085:Uruguayan savanna 2058:Rio Grande do Sul 1972:per capita income 1874:Amazon rainforest 1373:economic activity 1313:Regions of Brazil 1292:. The town has a 1115:Rio Grande do Sul 1095:highland tropical 1047:Climate of Brazil 861:Rio Grande do Sul 848:is. Soils in the 714:Natural resources 710:, with 3,986 MW. 661:Rio São Francisco 592:off the coast of 512:private ownership 301: 300: 248:Natural resources 98: • Land 4087: 4059: 4047:Falkland Islands 3961:Sovereign states 3946: 3939: 3932: 3923: 3922: 3899: 3892: 3817: 3805: 3798: 3791: 3784: 3709:National symbols 3544: 3543: 3482: 3454:Economic history 3439:Animal husbandry 3427: 3426: 3324: 3323: 3199: 3198: 3112: 3105: 3098: 3089: 3088: 3082: 3081: 3080: 3079: 3073: 3062: 3056: 3055: 3053: 3052: 3038: 3032: 3031: 3024: 3018: 3013: 3011: 3010: 2986: 2985: 2980: 2974: 2973: 2972: 2971: 2965: 2954: 2948: 2947: 2907: 2901: 2900: 2889: 2883: 2882: 2873: 2867: 2866: 2826: 2825: 2820: 2148:Planalto Central 1729:Federal District 1671: 1662: 1653: 1644: 1635: 1626: 1617: 1608: 1599: 1590: 1581: 1425:Southeast Region 1415:Northeast Region 1404: 1393: 1385: 1323:Federal District 1278: 1255: 1228: 1209:Tropical climate 1205: 1182: 1014:Satellite images 923:(Paraná pine or 722:Rivers and lakes 563:Planalto Central 508:public ownership 307:, bordering the 280:land degradation 272:illegal poaching 241:Planalto Central 75: 74: 72: 71: 70: 65: 61: 58: 57: 56: 53: 28: 21: 17: 4095: 4094: 4090: 4089: 4088: 4086: 4085: 4084: 4070: 4069: 4068: 4063: 4057: 4040: 4038: 4028: 3955: 3950: 3920: 3915: 3902: 3895: 3888: 3875: 3748: 3734:Science fiction 3724:Public holidays 3640: 3601:Life expectancy 3529: 3511: 3480: 3412: 3388:Law enforcement 3309: 3295:Water resources 3275:Protected areas 3188: 3125: 3116: 3086: 3085: 3077: 3075: 3071: 3063: 3059: 3050: 3048: 3040: 3039: 3035: 3026: 3025: 3021: 3008: 3006: 2992: 2983: 2981: 2977: 2969: 2967: 2963: 2955: 2951: 2908: 2904: 2891: 2890: 2886: 2875: 2874: 2870: 2855: 2823: 2821: 2418: 2413: 2297: 2105: 2077:Atlantic Forest 2035: 2029: 1986: 1980: 1952:lumber industry 1916:tropical forest 1872:An area of the 1866: 1860: 1802:region in Bahia 1793: 1787: 1744:gallery forests 1702: 1696: 1691: 1690: 1689: 1675: 1674: 1669: 1665: 1660: 1656: 1651: 1647: 1642: 1638: 1633: 1629: 1624: 1620: 1615: 1611: 1606: 1602: 1597: 1593: 1588: 1584: 1579: 1575: 1572: 1568: 1563: 1558: 1553: 1548: 1543: 1538: 1533: 1530: 1526: 1523: 1519: 1514: 1509: 1504: 1499: 1494: 1491: 1487: 1482: 1477: 1472: 1467: 1462: 1457: 1452: 1447: 1442: 1437: 1432: 1427: 1422: 1417: 1412: 1410:Northern Region 1407: 1402: 1400: 1396: 1391: 1389: 1315: 1309: 1304: 1303: 1302: 1301: 1300: 1279: 1271: 1270: 1256: 1248: 1247: 1232:Savanna climate 1229: 1221: 1220: 1213:Arraial do Cabo 1206: 1198: 1197: 1183: 1075:temperate zones 1055: 1049: 1043: 817: 738: 724: 716: 613:drainage basins 520: 368: 313:Pico da Neblina 276:water pollution 256:Natural hazards 222: 220:Lagoa dos Patos 210: 197: 184: 182:Pico da Neblina 169: 164: 159: 154: 149: 144: 139: 134: 129: 68: 66: 62: 59: 54: 51: 49: 47: 46: 12: 11: 5: 4093: 4083: 4082: 4065: 4064: 4062: 4061: 4054: 4049: 4043: 4041: 4033: 4030: 4029: 4027: 4026: 4021: 4016: 4011: 4006: 4001: 3996: 3991: 3986: 3981: 3976: 3971: 3965: 3963: 3957: 3956: 3949: 3948: 3941: 3934: 3926: 3917: 3916: 3914: 3913: 3908: 3901: 3900: 3893: 3885: 3884: 3881: 3880: 3877: 3876: 3874: 3873: 3872: 3871: 3866: 3861: 3851: 3846: 3841: 3836: 3835: 3834: 3829: 3824: 3823: 3822: 3812: 3811: 3810: 3803: 3796: 3789: 3774: 3769: 3764: 3758: 3756: 3750: 3749: 3747: 3746: 3741: 3736: 3731: 3726: 3721: 3716: 3711: 3706: 3701: 3696: 3691: 3686: 3681: 3676: 3671: 3666: 3661: 3656: 3650: 3648: 3642: 3641: 3639: 3638: 3633: 3628: 3623: 3618: 3613: 3608: 3603: 3598: 3593: 3588: 3583: 3578: 3573: 3568: 3563: 3558: 3553: 3547: 3541: 3535: 3534: 3531: 3530: 3528: 3527: 3525:Rail transport 3521: 3519: 3513: 3512: 3510: 3509: 3504: 3499: 3494: 3489: 3484: 3476: 3471: 3466: 3461: 3456: 3451: 3446: 3441: 3436: 3430: 3424: 3418: 3417: 3414: 3413: 3411: 3410: 3405: 3400: 3395: 3390: 3385: 3380: 3375: 3374: 3373: 3371:Women's rights 3368: 3363: 3353: 3348: 3343: 3338: 3333: 3327: 3321: 3315: 3314: 3311: 3310: 3308: 3307: 3302: 3297: 3292: 3287: 3282: 3277: 3272: 3267: 3262: 3260:Largest cities 3257: 3252: 3247: 3245:Extreme points 3242: 3241: 3240: 3230: 3225: 3224: 3223: 3221:Climate change 3213: 3208: 3202: 3196: 3190: 3189: 3187: 3186: 3181: 3176: 3171: 3166: 3161: 3156: 3151: 3146: 3141: 3135: 3133: 3127: 3126: 3115: 3114: 3107: 3100: 3092: 3084: 3083: 3057: 3033: 3019: 2975: 2949: 2902: 2884: 2868: 2853: 2415: 2414: 2412: 2409: 2337:Atol das Rocas 2296: 2293: 2104: 2101: 2062:Santa Catarina 2047:Santa Catarina 2031:Main article: 2028: 2025: 2009:Rio de Janeiro 2001:Espírito Santo 1994:Rio de Janeiro 1982:Main article: 1979: 1976: 1862:Main article: 1859: 1856: 1846:, now part of 1789:Main article: 1786: 1783: 1698:Main article: 1695: 1692: 1676: 1666: 1657: 1648: 1639: 1630: 1621: 1612: 1603: 1594: 1585: 1576: 1569: 1566:Santa Catarina 1564: 1559: 1556:Espírito Santo 1554: 1551:Rio de Janeiro 1549: 1544: 1539: 1534: 1527: 1520: 1515: 1510: 1505: 1500: 1495: 1488: 1483: 1478: 1473: 1468: 1463: 1458: 1453: 1448: 1443: 1438: 1433: 1428: 1423: 1418: 1413: 1408: 1397: 1386: 1379: 1378: 1371:, patterns of 1355:administrative 1343:municipalities 1311:Main article: 1308: 1305: 1290:Santa Catarina 1280: 1273: 1272: 1257: 1250: 1249: 1230: 1223: 1222: 1217:Rio de Janeiro 1207: 1200: 1199: 1184: 1177: 1176: 1175: 1174: 1173: 1166:, a region of 1131:Rio de Janeiro 1123:Belo Horizonte 1119:Santa Catarina 1045:Main article: 1042: 1039: 881:plant breeding 856:artificially. 816: 813: 804: 803: 802: 801: 798: 795: 792: 789: 783: 782: 781: 776: 771: 766: 761: 756: 751: 734:Main article: 723: 720: 715: 712: 519: 516: 504:primary forest 423:Atol das Rocas 367: 364: 309:Atlantic Ocean 299: 298: 295: 291: 290: 265: 261: 260: 257: 253: 252: 249: 245: 244: 237: 233: 232: 229: 225: 224: 217: 213: 212: 204: 200: 199: 194:Atlantic Ocean 191: 187: 186: 179: 175: 174: 123: 119: 118: 115: 111: 110: 107: 103: 102: 99: 95: 94: 91: 87: 86: 81: 77: 76: 44: 40: 39: 34: 30: 29: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4092: 4081: 4078: 4077: 4075: 4060: 4055: 4053: 4052:French Guiana 4050: 4048: 4045: 4044: 4042: 4036: 4031: 4025: 4022: 4020: 4017: 4015: 4012: 4010: 4007: 4005: 4002: 4000: 3997: 3995: 3992: 3990: 3987: 3985: 3982: 3980: 3977: 3975: 3972: 3970: 3967: 3966: 3964: 3962: 3958: 3954: 3947: 3942: 3940: 3935: 3933: 3928: 3927: 3924: 3912: 3909: 3907: 3904: 3903: 3898: 3894: 3891: 3887: 3886: 3882: 3870: 3867: 3865: 3862: 3860: 3857: 3856: 3855: 3852: 3850: 3847: 3845: 3842: 3840: 3837: 3833: 3832:Protestantism 3830: 3828: 3825: 3820: 3816: 3815: 3813: 3808: 3804: 3801: 3797: 3794: 3790: 3787: 3783: 3782: 3781: 3778: 3777: 3776:Christianity 3775: 3773: 3770: 3768: 3765: 3763: 3760: 3759: 3757: 3755: 3751: 3745: 3742: 3740: 3737: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3727: 3725: 3722: 3720: 3717: 3715: 3712: 3710: 3707: 3705: 3702: 3700: 3697: 3695: 3692: 3690: 3687: 3685: 3682: 3680: 3677: 3675: 3672: 3670: 3667: 3665: 3662: 3660: 3657: 3655: 3652: 3651: 3649: 3647: 3643: 3637: 3634: 3632: 3629: 3627: 3624: 3622: 3619: 3617: 3616:States by HDI 3614: 3612: 3611:Social issues 3609: 3607: 3604: 3602: 3599: 3597: 3594: 3592: 3589: 3587: 3584: 3582: 3579: 3577: 3574: 3572: 3569: 3567: 3564: 3562: 3559: 3557: 3554: 3552: 3549: 3548: 3545: 3542: 3540: 3536: 3526: 3523: 3522: 3520: 3518: 3514: 3508: 3505: 3503: 3500: 3498: 3495: 3493: 3490: 3488: 3485: 3483: 3477: 3475: 3472: 3470: 3467: 3465: 3462: 3460: 3457: 3455: 3452: 3450: 3447: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3432: 3431: 3428: 3425: 3423: 3419: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3401: 3399: 3396: 3394: 3391: 3389: 3386: 3384: 3381: 3379: 3376: 3372: 3369: 3367: 3364: 3362: 3359: 3358: 3357: 3354: 3352: 3349: 3347: 3344: 3342: 3339: 3337: 3334: 3332: 3329: 3328: 3325: 3322: 3320: 3316: 3306: 3303: 3301: 3298: 3296: 3293: 3291: 3288: 3286: 3283: 3281: 3278: 3276: 3273: 3271: 3268: 3266: 3263: 3261: 3258: 3256: 3253: 3251: 3248: 3246: 3243: 3239: 3236: 3235: 3234: 3231: 3229: 3226: 3222: 3219: 3218: 3217: 3214: 3212: 3209: 3207: 3204: 3203: 3200: 3197: 3195: 3191: 3185: 3182: 3180: 3177: 3175: 3172: 3170: 3167: 3165: 3162: 3160: 3157: 3155: 3152: 3150: 3147: 3145: 3142: 3140: 3137: 3136: 3134: 3132: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3113: 3108: 3106: 3101: 3099: 3094: 3093: 3090: 3070: 3069: 3061: 3047: 3043: 3037: 3029: 3023: 3017: 3005: 3001: 3000: 2995: 2990: 2989:public domain 2979: 2962: 2961: 2953: 2945: 2941: 2937: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2917: 2913: 2906: 2898: 2894: 2888: 2880: 2879: 2872: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2854:0-8444-0854-9 2850: 2846: 2842: 2838: 2837: 2830: 2829:public domain 2819: 2817: 2815: 2813: 2811: 2809: 2807: 2805: 2803: 2801: 2799: 2797: 2795: 2793: 2791: 2789: 2787: 2785: 2783: 2781: 2779: 2777: 2775: 2773: 2771: 2769: 2767: 2765: 2763: 2761: 2759: 2757: 2755: 2753: 2751: 2749: 2747: 2745: 2743: 2741: 2739: 2737: 2735: 2733: 2731: 2729: 2727: 2725: 2723: 2721: 2719: 2717: 2715: 2713: 2711: 2709: 2707: 2705: 2703: 2701: 2699: 2697: 2695: 2693: 2691: 2689: 2687: 2685: 2683: 2681: 2679: 2677: 2675: 2673: 2671: 2669: 2667: 2665: 2663: 2661: 2659: 2657: 2655: 2653: 2651: 2649: 2647: 2645: 2643: 2641: 2639: 2637: 2635: 2633: 2631: 2629: 2627: 2625: 2623: 2621: 2619: 2617: 2615: 2613: 2611: 2609: 2607: 2605: 2603: 2601: 2599: 2597: 2595: 2593: 2591: 2589: 2587: 2585: 2583: 2581: 2579: 2577: 2575: 2573: 2571: 2569: 2567: 2565: 2563: 2561: 2559: 2557: 2555: 2553: 2551: 2549: 2547: 2545: 2543: 2541: 2539: 2537: 2535: 2533: 2531: 2529: 2527: 2525: 2523: 2521: 2519: 2517: 2515: 2513: 2511: 2509: 2507: 2505: 2503: 2501: 2499: 2497: 2495: 2493: 2491: 2489: 2487: 2485: 2483: 2481: 2479: 2477: 2475: 2473: 2471: 2469: 2467: 2465: 2463: 2461: 2459: 2457: 2455: 2453: 2451: 2449: 2447: 2445: 2443: 2441: 2439: 2437: 2435: 2433: 2431: 2429: 2427: 2425: 2423: 2421: 2416: 2408: 2406: 2402: 2398: 2394: 2390: 2389:French Guiana 2386: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2362: 2358: 2352: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2334: 2330: 2325: 2323: 2319: 2315: 2311: 2307: 2302: 2292: 2290: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2274: 2270: 2266: 2262: 2257: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2238: 2236: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2204: 2199: 2195: 2194:river systems 2186: 2182: 2180: 2176: 2171: 2169: 2165: 2161: 2157: 2153: 2149: 2144: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2129: 2127: 2122: 2118: 2115:is very old. 2114: 2110: 2100: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2073: 2071: 2067: 2063: 2059: 2055: 2048: 2044: 2043:Florianópolis 2039: 2034: 2024: 2022: 2016: 2014: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1995: 1990: 1985: 1975: 1973: 1969: 1966:in Pará, and 1965: 1961: 1955: 1953: 1949: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1936:turtle butter 1933: 1929: 1925: 1921: 1917: 1914:is the humid 1913: 1908: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1875: 1870: 1865: 1855: 1851: 1849: 1845: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1809: 1801: 1797: 1792: 1782: 1780: 1776: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1736: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1710: 1706: 1701: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1678:Political map 1673: 1672: 1664: 1663: 1655: 1654: 1646: 1645: 1637: 1636: 1628: 1627: 1619: 1618: 1616:French Guiana 1610: 1609: 1601: 1600: 1592: 1591: 1583: 1582: 1574: 1567: 1562: 1557: 1552: 1547: 1542: 1537: 1532: 1525: 1518: 1513: 1508: 1503: 1498: 1493: 1486: 1481: 1476: 1471: 1466: 1461: 1456: 1451: 1446: 1441: 1436: 1431: 1426: 1421: 1416: 1411: 1406: 1405: 1395: 1394: 1384: 1377: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1361: 1359: 1356: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1314: 1298: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1277: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1254: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1227: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1204: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1181: 1172: 1169: 1165: 1160: 1154: 1151: 1150:Amazon region 1147: 1142: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1107: 1102: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1067:tropical zone 1059: 1054: 1048: 1038: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1015: 1010: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 991: 987: 981: 979: 971: 967: 963: 962: 956: 952: 950: 946: 942: 938: 934: 930: 926: 922: 918: 914: 910: 905: 902: 898: 894: 890: 884: 882: 878: 877:fertilization 874: 870: 866: 862: 857: 855: 851: 847: 843: 839: 834: 831: 821: 812: 809: 799: 796: 793: 790: 787: 786: 784: 780: 777: 775: 772: 770: 769:São Francisco 767: 765: 762: 760: 757: 755: 752: 750: 747: 746: 744: 743: 742: 737: 728: 719: 711: 709: 705: 701: 697: 693: 689: 685: 681: 676: 674: 670: 666: 662: 657: 655: 651: 647: 643: 639: 635: 631: 627: 623: 618: 614: 610: 609:river systems 601: 597: 595: 591: 586: 584: 580: 576: 572: 568: 564: 559: 557: 553: 549: 544: 542: 537: 533: 529: 525: 515: 513: 509: 505: 500: 494: 492: 488: 484: 480: 476: 475:French Guiana 472: 468: 464: 460: 456: 452: 448: 444: 438: 436: 432: 428: 424: 420: 416: 411: 409: 405: 401: 397: 393: 389: 388:United States 385: 381: 377: 373: 363: 361: 356: 354: 353:French Guiana 350: 346: 342: 338: 334: 330: 326: 322: 318: 314: 310: 306: 305:South America 296: 292: 289: 285: 281: 277: 273: 269: 266: 262: 258: 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 230: 226: 221: 218: 214: 208: 205: 203:Longest river 201: 195: 192: 188: 183: 180: 178:Highest point 176: 172: 167: 162: 157: 152: 147: 142: 141:French Guiana 137: 132: 127: 124: 120: 116: 112: 108: 104: 100: 96: 92: 88: 85: 82: 78: 73: 45: 41: 38: 37:South America 35: 31: 27: 22: 16: 4035:Dependencies 3978: 3621:Unemployment 3571:Demographics 3449:Central Bank 3356:Human rights 3336:Constitution 3206:Amazon basin 3193: 3076:, retrieved 3067: 3060: 3049:. Retrieved 3045: 3036: 3022: 3007:. Retrieved 2997: 2978: 2968:, retrieved 2959: 2952: 2919: 2915: 2905: 2896: 2887: 2877: 2871: 2835: 2353: 2326: 2298: 2285:Paulo Afonso 2258: 2239: 2191: 2172: 2145: 2133:Serra do Mar 2130: 2106: 2074: 2070:Porto Alegre 2051: 2017: 2005:Minas Gerais 1998: 1956: 1924:sarsaparilla 1909: 1878: 1852: 1805: 1775:Campo Grande 1737: 1714: 1667: 1658: 1649: 1640: 1631: 1622: 1613: 1604: 1595: 1586: 1577: 1541:Minas Gerais 1430:South Region 1398: 1387: 1362: 1317:Brazil's 26 1316: 1296: 1155: 1143: 1135:Porto Alegre 1103: 1089:, tropical, 1064: 1011: 995:forest fires 982: 975: 959: 906: 885: 858: 835: 826: 808:Amazon River 805: 739: 717: 704:Paulo Afonso 677: 658: 606: 587: 560: 548:Serra do Mar 545: 530:is ancient. 521: 499:forest cover 495: 439: 412: 369: 357: 302: 216:Largest lake 207:Amazon River 190:Lowest point 15: 3780:Catholicism 3694:Malandragem 3659:Archaeology 3586:Immigration 3492:Stock index 3434:Agriculture 3233:Environment 2168:coral reefs 2117:Precambrian 2093:Agriculture 1940:Brazil nuts 1721:Mato Grosso 1694:Center-West 1522:Mato Grosso 1517:Mato Grosso 1339:Center-West 1337:(Sul), and 1333:(Sudeste), 1286:São Joaquim 1099:subtropical 1019:Brazil nuts 999:rainforests 583:coral reefs 532:Precambrian 67: / 43:Coordinates 3819:Antiochian 3744:Television 3714:Newspapers 3689:Literature 3561:Corruption 3556:Censorship 3481:(currency) 3351:Government 3078:2016-08-03 3051:2021-08-18 3009:2020-10-29 2970:2016-08-03 2411:References 2349:Martim Vaz 2306:time zones 2265:waterfalls 1848:Pernambuco 1828:Pernambuco 1571:Rio Grande 1502:Pernambuco 1490:Rio Grande 1087:equatorial 1077:below the 1051:See also: 993:a risk of 978:pau brasil 968:but not a 933:swamplands 846:rainforest 684:waterfalls 435:Martim Vaz 392:time zones 288:oil spills 274:, air and 84:Ranked 5th 4024:Venezuela 3969:Argentina 3864:Quimbanda 3859:Candomblé 3729:Sculpture 3704:Mythology 3654:Animation 3596:Languages 3576:Education 3517:Transport 3378:Judiciary 3341:Elections 3290:Time Zone 3265:Mountains 3228:Coastline 3194:Geography 2377:Venezuela 2357:Argentina 2295:Locations 2235:Rio Negro 2219:Tocantins 2156:mangroves 2141:Pacaraima 2089:Argentina 2013:São Paulo 1978:Southeast 1905:Tocantins 1785:Northeast 1752:livestock 1670:Venezuela 1580:Argentina 1546:São Paulo 1465:Tocantins 1365:ecosystem 1351:political 1347:districts 1331:Southeast 1159:Northeast 1083:São Paulo 925:araucaria 921:pinewoods 889:broadleaf 854:irrigated 850:Northeast 842:São Paulo 774:Tocantins 654:Rio Negro 638:Tocantins 571:mangroves 556:Pacaraima 463:Venezuela 443:Argentina 349:Venezuela 317:Argentina 171:Venezuela 126:Argentina 114:Coastline 64:10°S 55°W 33:Continent 4074:Category 4014:Suriname 4004:Paraguay 3989:Colombia 3906:Category 3844:Hinduism 3793:Maronite 3772:Buddhism 3754:Religion 3719:Painting 3669:Carnaval 3551:Abortion 3497:Taxation 3469:Industry 3393:Military 3319:Politics 3300:Wildlife 3270:Pantanal 3139:Timeline 3123:articles 2994:"Brazil" 2944:56481043 2936:30568300 2863:37588455 2385:Suriname 2373:Colombia 2361:Paraguay 2345:Trindade 2333:Abrolhos 2254:Pantanal 2203:Solimões 2179:Maranhão 2066:Curitiba 1992:View of 1964:Santarém 1932:cinnamon 1889:Amazonas 1887:, Acre, 1885:Rondônia 1881:Amazônia 1820:Maranhão 1767:Brasília 1759:wetlands 1756:Pantanal 1733:Brasília 1731:, where 1709:Pantanal 1652:Suriname 1634:Paraguay 1607:Colombia 1531:District 1492:do Norte 1470:Maranhão 1460:Rondônia 1440:Amazonas 1390:Atlantic 1358:autonomy 1321:and the 1263:Caatinga 1194:Amazonas 1146:rainfall 1139:Curitiba 1127:Brasília 1091:semiarid 990:mahogany 937:Pantanal 909:caatinga 764:Parnaíba 754:Paraguai 749:Amazonas 673:Pantanal 622:Solimões 594:Maranhão 510:and 44% 471:Suriname 459:Colombia 447:Paraguay 431:Trindade 419:Abrolhos 386:and the 341:Suriname 333:Paraguay 325:Colombia 161:Suriname 151:Paraguay 136:Colombia 69:-10; -55 4019:Uruguay 3994:Ecuador 3974:Bolivia 3890:Outline 3869:Umbanda 3849:Judaism 3800:Melkite 3684:Cuisine 3646:Culture 3631:Welfare 3539:Society 3507:Tourism 3464:Exports 3422:Economy 3280:Regions 3255:Islands 3250:Geology 3216:Climate 3131:History 2401:Ecuador 2365:Bolivia 2269:Iquitos 2211:Tapajós 2207:Madeira 2160:lagoons 2126:erosion 1948:farming 1893:Roraima 1836:Sergipe 1824:Paraíba 1808:Alagoas 1771:Goiânia 1763:caimans 1748:farming 1740:cerrado 1711:wetland 1686:regions 1661:Uruguay 1589:Bolivia 1529:Federal 1512:Sergipe 1507:Alagoas 1497:Paraíba 1450:Roraima 1401:Pacific 1261:in the 1236:Cerrado 1234:in the 1106:equator 1071:equator 1041:Climate 1007:plywood 986:hectare 966:conifer 964:) is a 945:grasses 941:Florida 913:cerrado 893:species 873:Savanna 779:Uruguay 688:Iquitos 630:Tapajós 626:Madeira 575:lagoons 541:erosion 487:Ecuador 451:Bolivia 345:Uruguay 321:Bolivia 236:Terrain 228:Climate 166:Uruguay 131:Bolivia 122:Borders 3999:Guyana 3979:Brazil 3911:Portal 3767:Baháʼí 3739:Sports 3679:Comics 3674:Cinema 3606:People 3581:Health 3474:Mining 3459:Energy 3285:Rivers 3121: 3119:Brazil 3014: 2991:: 2942: 2934: 2916:Nature 2861: 2851: 2831:: 2393:France 2387:, and 2381:Guyana 2347:, and 2277:Itaipu 2261:rapids 2246:Paraná 2233:, and 2227:Japurá 2223:Branco 2217:, and 2198:Amazon 2162:, and 2152:Amazon 2060:, and 2054:Paraná 2011:, and 1968:Manaus 1944:mining 1934:, and 1838:. The 1779:Cuiabá 1777:, and 1682:states 1625:Guyana 1573:do Sul 1561:Paraná 1524:do Sul 1319:states 1164:sertão 1125:, and 1111:Paraná 1097:, and 1033:, and 1023:fruits 949:bushes 838:Paraná 830:coffee 759:Paraná 696:Itaipu 680:rapids 665:Paraná 652:, and 646:Japurá 642:Branco 636:, and 617:Amazon 577:, and 567:Amazon 479:France 473:, and 467:Guyana 433:, and 380:Canada 376:Russia 360:Amazon 351:, and 329:Guyana 284:mining 146:Guyana 101:99.34% 3984:Chile 3897:Index 3839:Islam 3699:Music 3636:Youth 3566:Crime 3479:Real 3072:(PDF) 2964:(PDF) 2940:S2CID 2397:Chile 2318:UTC-3 2289:Bahia 2287:, in 2215:Xingu 2164:dunes 2109:Andes 2027:South 1960:Belém 1928:cocoa 1912:biome 1901:Amapá 1858:North 1832:Piauí 1816:Ceará 1812:Bahia 1717:Goiás 1598:Chile 1536:Goiás 1485:Ceará 1480:Piauí 1475:Bahia 1455:Amapá 1403:Ocean 1392:Ocean 1335:South 1327:North 1297:(Cfb) 1244:Goiás 1035:vines 1027:seeds 929:pampa 917:South 901:fauna 897:flora 708:Bahia 706:, in 634:Xingu 579:dunes 524:Andes 483:Chile 404:UTC-3 384:China 109:0.66% 4009:Peru 3664:Arts 3366:LGBT 2932:PMID 2859:OCLC 2849:ISBN 2399:and 2369:Peru 2281:Pará 2273:Peru 2231:Jari 2173:The 2103:Data 2097:rice 2079:and 2068:and 1962:and 1897:Pará 1750:and 1684:and 1643:Peru 1445:Pará 1435:Acre 1282:Snow 1137:and 1117:and 1031:oils 1003:Pará 970:pine 899:and 869:rice 867:and 840:and 806:The 700:Pará 692:Peru 650:Jari 588:The 485:and 455:Peru 337:Peru 156:Peru 80:Area 55:55°W 52:10°S 4037:and 3827:LDS 3383:Law 2924:doi 2920:565 2271:in 2263:or 2205:), 1353:or 1284:in 1188:in 895:of 865:soy 690:in 682:or 624:), 4076:: 3044:. 2996:. 2938:. 2930:. 2918:. 2914:. 2895:. 2857:. 2843:, 2419:^ 2383:, 2379:, 2375:, 2371:, 2367:, 2363:, 2359:, 2343:, 2339:, 2335:, 2229:, 2225:, 2213:, 2209:, 2170:. 2158:, 2056:, 2045:, 2007:, 2003:, 1946:, 1930:, 1926:, 1899:, 1895:, 1891:, 1830:, 1826:, 1822:, 1818:, 1814:, 1810:, 1773:, 1769:, 1723:, 1719:, 1288:, 1242:, 1238:, 1215:, 1192:, 1113:, 1101:. 1093:, 1029:, 1025:, 1021:, 947:, 879:, 648:, 644:, 632:, 628:, 573:, 514:. 469:, 465:, 461:, 457:, 453:, 449:, 445:, 429:, 425:, 421:, 382:, 378:, 362:. 355:. 347:, 343:, 339:, 335:, 331:, 327:, 323:, 319:, 278:, 3945:e 3938:t 3931:v 3111:e 3104:t 3097:v 3054:. 3030:. 3012:. 2946:. 2926:: 2899:. 2865:. 1688:. 1299:. 1269:. 1246:. 1219:. 1196:. 935:( 209:, 196:,

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