Geography of India

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summer. Most of the rainfall received in this region is associated with the short July–September southwest monsoon that brings 100 to 500 mm (3.9 to 19.7 in) of precipitation. Water is scarce and occurs at great depths, ranging from 30 to 120 metres (98 to 394 ft) below the ground level. Rainfall is precarious and erratic, ranging from below 120 mm (4.7 in) in the extreme west to 375 mm (14.8 in) eastward. The only river in this region is Luni. The soils of the arid region are generally sandy to sandy-loam in texture. The consistency and depth vary as per the topographical features. The low-lying loams are heavier may have a hard pan of clay,

1955: 849: 2906: 1281:, also called Deccan Trapps, is a large triangular plateau, bounded by the Vindhyas to the north and flanked by the Eastern and Western Ghats. The Deccan covers a total area of 1.9 million km (730,000 sq mi). It is mostly flat, with elevations ranging from 300 to 600 m (980 to 1,970 ft). The average elevation of the plateau is 2,000 feet (610 m) above sea level. The surface slopes from 3,000 feet (910 m) in the west to 1,500 feet (460 m) in the east. It slopes gently from west to east and gives rise to several peninsular rivers such as the 886: 1091: 2998: 2837: 2743: 2225: 1887: 2975:

nitrogen, phosphorus and humus. Laterite soils are formed in tropical regions with heavy rainfall. Heavy rainfall results in leaching out all soluble material of top layer of soil. These are generally found in Western ghats, Eastern ghats and hilly areas of northeastern states that receive heavy rainfall. Forest soils occur on the slopes of mountains and hills in Himalayas, Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats. These generally consist of large amounts of dead leaves and other organic matter called

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of its rain on the windward side of Western Ghats. Winters in peninsula India see mild to warm days and cool nights. Further north the temperature is cooler. Temperatures in some parts of the Indian plains sometimes fall below freezing. Most of northern India is plagued by fog during this season. The highest temperature recorded in India was 51 °C (124 °F) in Phalodi, Rajasthan. And the lowest was −60 °C (−76 °F) in Dras, Jammu and Kashmir.

772: 10221: 1335: 2656: 2515: 10231: 1687: 877: 1679: 2988: 2641: 3218: 1970: 2360: 1182:, lies north of Satpura range and east of Aravali range, runs across most of central India, extending 1,050 km (650 mi). The average elevation of these hills is from 300 to 600 m (980 to 1,970 ft) and rarely goes above 700 metres (2,300 ft). They are believed to have been formed by the wastes created by the weathering of the ancient Aravali mountains. Geographically, it separates 2674:

for conservation and are part of sanctuaries and national parks. Mangrove forests are present all along the Indian coastline in sheltered estuaries, creeks, backwaters, salt marshes and mudflats. The mangrove area covers a total of 4,461 km (1,722 sq mi), which comprises 7% of the world's total mangrove cover. Prominent mangrove covers are located in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, the

1030:, or Purvanchal, are situated near India's eastern border with Burma. They were created by the same tectonic processes which led to the formation of the Himalayas. The physical features of the Patkai mountains are conical peaks, steep slopes and deep valleys. The Patkai ranges are not as rugged or tall as the Himalayas. There are three hill ranges that come under the Patkai: the Patkai–Bum, the 2075: 547:, the plate collided with Asia after covering a distance of 2,000 to 3,000 km (1,243 to 1,864 mi), having moved faster than any other known plate. In 2007, German geologists determined that the Indian Plate was able to move so quickly because it is only half as thick as the other plates which formerly constituted Gondwanaland. The collision with the 2780:

country's major rivers and waterways. Groundwater supplies 40% of water in India's irrigation canals. 56% of the land is arable and used for agriculture. Black soils are moisture-retentive and are preferred for dry farming and growing cotton, linseed, etc. Forest soils are used for tea and coffee plantations. Red soils have a wide diffusion of iron content.

1521:, Western Ghats are older than Himalayan mountains. It also influences Indian monsoon weather patterns by intercepting the rain-laden monsoon winds that sweep in from the south-west during late summer. A total of thirty-nine properties including national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and reserve forests were designated as world heritage sites - twenty in 2135:. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands consist of 572 islands which run in a north–south axis for around 910 km. The Andaman group has 325 islands which cover an area of 6,170 km (2,380 sq mi) while the Nicobar group has only 247 islands with an area of 1,765 km (681 sq mi). India's only active volcano, 276:, with a total area of 3,287,263 square kilometres (1,269,219 sq mi). India measures 3,214 km (1,997 mi) from north to south and 2,933 km (1,822 mi) from east to west. It has a land frontier of 15,200 km (9,445 mi) and a coastline of 7,516.6 km (4,671 mi). 2700:(India). The Sundarbans are intersected by a complex network of tidal waterways, mudflats and small islands of salt-tolerant mangrove forests. The area is known for its diverse fauna, being home to a large variety of species of birds, spotted deer, crocodiles and snakes. Its most famous inhabitant is the 2724:

India's arable land area of 1,597,000 km (394.6 million acres) is the second largest in the world, after the United States. Its gross irrigated crop area of 826,000 km (215.6 million acres) is the largest in the world, followed by US and China. Of the 160 million hectares of cultivated land in India,

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ecosystem is widely distributed from the cold and arid located in the Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir, and those with the wet and humid climate of peninsular India. Most of the wetlands are directly or indirectly linked to river networks. The Indian government has identified a total of 71 wetlands

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Annual rainfall in this region averages between 1,000 and 3,000 mm (39 and 118 in). The width of the plains varies between 100 and 130 km (62 and 81 mi). The plains are divided into six regions—the Mahanadi delta, the southern Andhra Pradesh plain, the Krishna-Godavari deltas, the

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Soils in India can be classified into eight categories: alluvial, black, red, laterite, forest, arid and desert, saline and alkaline and peaty and organic soils. Alluvial soil constitute the largest soil group in India, constituting 80% of the total land surface. It is derived from the deposition of

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clouds are attracted to the low-pressure system created by the Thar Desert. The southwest monsoon splits into two arms, the Bay of Bengal arm and the Arabian Sea arm. The Bay of Bengal arm moves northwards crossing northeast India in early June. The Arabian Sea arm moves northwards and deposits much

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province of Pakistan. It occupies a total area of 27,900 km (10,800 sq mi). The region was originally a part of the Arabian Sea. Geologic forces such as earthquakes resulted in the damming up of the region, turning it into a large saltwater lagoon. This area gradually filled with silt

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and the Arabian Sea, ranging from 50 to 100 km (31 to 62 mi) in width. It extends from Gujarat in the north and extends through Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, and Kerala. Numerous rivers and backwaters inundate the region. Mostly originating in the Western Ghats, the rivers are fast-flowing,

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rains. The southwest monsoon splits into two branches, the Bay of Bengal branch and the Arabian Sea branch. The Bay of Bengal branch moves northwards crossing northeast India in early June. The Arabian Sea branch moves northwards and discharges much of its rain on the windward side of Western Ghats.

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Black soil are well developed in the Deccan lava region of Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Madhya Pradesh. These contain high percentage of clay and are moisture retentive. Red soils are found in Tamil Nadu, Karnataka plateau, Andhra plateau, Chota Nagpur plateau and the Aravallis. These are deficient in

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imprints are seen in parts of Manipur, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh and along the Himalayan belt. The Cretaceous system is seen in central India in the Vindhyas and part of the Indo-Gangetic plains. The Gondwana system is seen in the Narmada River area in the Vindhyas and Satpuras. The Eocene system

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The heavy southwest monsoon rains cause the Brahmaputra and other rivers to distend their banks, often flooding surrounding areas. Though they provide rice paddy farmers with a largely dependable source of natural irrigation and fertilisation, such floods have killed thousands of people and tend to

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About 10 percent of this region consists of sand dunes, and the remaining 90 percent consist of craggy rock forms, compacted salt-lake bottoms, and interdunal and fixed dune areas. Annual temperatures can range from 0 °C (32 °F) in the winter to over 50 °C (122 °F) during the

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system is found over central India. The Andaman and Nicobar Island are thought to have been formed in this era by volcanoes. The Himalayas were formed by the convergence and deformation of the Indo-Australian and Eurasian Plates. Their continued convergence raises the height of the Himalayas by

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is situated in eastern India, covering much of Jharkhand and adjacent parts of Odisha, Bihar and Chhattisgarh. Its total area is approximately 65,000 km (25,000 sq mi) and is made up of three smaller plateaus—the Ranchi, Hazaribagh, and Kodarma plateaus. The Ranchi plateau is the

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India's total renewable water resources are estimated at 1,907.8 km a year. Its annual supply of usable and replenishable groundwater amounts to 350 billion cubic metres. Only 35% of groundwater resources are being utilised. About 44 million tonnes of cargo is moved annually through the

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India is the world's biggest producer of mica blocks and mica splittings. India ranks second amongst the world's largest producers of barite and chromite. The Pleistocene system is rich in minerals. India is the third-largest coal producer in the world and ranks fourth in the production of

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and glaciers in the north, and humid tropical regions supporting rainforests in the southwest and the island territories. The nation has four seasons: winter (January–February), summer (March–May), a monsoon (rainy) season (June–September) and a post-monsoon period (October–December).

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belt lies south of the adjacent Bhabar region and is composed of newer alluvium. The underground streams reappear in this region. The region is excessively moist and thickly forested. It also receives heavy rainfall throughout the year and is populated with a variety of

1907:) is by some calculations the world's seventh largest desert, by some others the tenth. It forms a significant portion of western India and covers an area of 200,000 to 238,700 km (77,200 to 92,200 sq mi). The desert continues into Pakistan as the 2107:

Islands lie 200 to 440 km (120 to 270 mi) off the coast of Kerala in the Arabian sea with an area of 32 km (12 sq mi). They consist of twelve atolls, three reefs, and five submerged banks, with a total of about 35 islands and islets.

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about 39 million hectare can be irrigated by groundwater wells and an additional 22 million hectares by irrigation canals. In 2010, only about 35% of agricultural land in India was reliably irrigated. About 2/3rd cultivated land in India is dependent on

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in the east, drain most of northern and eastern India and extend into Pakistan. The plains encompass an area of 700,000 km (270,000 sq mi). The major rivers in this region are the Ganges, Indus, and Brahmaputra along with their main

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volcanic activity. The Trap soil is black in colour and conducive to agriculture. The Carboniferous system, Permian System and Triassic systems are seen in the western Himalayas. The Jurassic system is seen in the western Himalayas and Rajasthan.

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The Himalayan river networks are snow-fed and have a perennial supply throughout the year. The other two river systems are dependent on the monsoons and shrink into rivulets during the dry season. The Himalayan rivers that flow westward into

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India has around 14,500 km of inland navigable waterways. There are twelve rivers which are classified as major rivers, with the total catchment area exceeding 2,528,000 km (976,000 sq mi). All major rivers of India

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is the oldest mountain range in India, running across Rajasthan from northeast to southwest direction, extending approximately 800 km (500 mi). The northern end of the range continues as isolated hills and rocky ridges into

1611:(1,690 m (5,540 ft)) in Andhra Pradesh is the tallest peak in Eastern Ghats.The Eastern Ghats are older than the Western Ghats, and have a complex geologic history related to the assembly and breakup of the ancient 3121:

in the west, Narmada river and Satpura range in the south, and Indo-Gantetic alluvium in the north. It is similar to the Aravali Craton, which used to be a single craton before being divided into two with the evolution of

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is moving north at only 2 cm/yr (0.8 in/yr). India is thus referred to as the "fastest continent". This is causing the Eurasian Plate to deform, and the Indian Plate to compress at a rate of 4 cm/yr (1.6 in/yr).

4368: 5175: 3682: 1436:. 'Ghattam' in Malayalam also refers to mountain ranges when used with the name of the ranges being addressed (e.g., paschima ghattam for Western Ghats), while the passage road would be called a 'churam'. 1239:

is spread across Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat. The average elevation of the Malwa plateau is 500 metres, and the landscape generally slopes towards the north. Most of the region is drained by the

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Summer lasts between March and June in most parts of India. Temperatures can exceed 40 °C (104 °F) during the day. The coastal regions exceed 30 °C (86 °F) coupled with high levels of

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which drain into the Bay of Bengal. This region is mostly semi-arid as it lies on the leeward side of both Ghats. Much of the Deccan is covered by thorn scrub forest scattered with small regions of

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thus turning it into a seasonal salt marsh. During the monsoons, the area turn into a shallow marsh, often flooding to knee-depth. After the monsoons, the region turns dry and becomes parched.

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This greater India is well defined in terms of topography; it is the Indian sub-continent, hemmed in by the Himalayas on the north, the Hindu Khush in the west and the Arakanese in the east.

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rivers. It runs parallel to the Vindhya Range, which lies to the north, and these two east–west ranges divide the Indo–Gangetic plain from the Deccan Plateau located north of River Narmada.

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state, and forms the basis of the southern end of the Deccan Plateau. In 1886 it was divided into two tectonic blocks, namely Eastern Dharwar Craton (EDC) and Western Dharwar Craton (WDC).

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silt carried by rivers and are found in the Great Northern plains from Punjab to the Assam valley. Alluvial soil are generally fertile but they lack nitrogen and tend to be phosphoric.

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of India. It is a biodiversity hotspot that contains a large proportion of the country's flora and fauna; many of which are only found here and nowhere else in the world. According to

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winds which in turn influence the climate in India. Rivers originating in these mountains flow through the fertile Indo–Gangetic plains. These mountains form the boundary between two

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are the states which share the border with Bangladesh. Before 2015, there were 92 enclaves of Bangladesh on Indian soil and 106 enclaves of India were on Bangladeshi soil. These

5253: 2503:, another tributary of the Ganges, via the Yamuna, originates from the Vindhya-Satpura watershed. The river flows eastward. Westward-flowing rivers from this watershed are the 2874:

flowing down from Central Asia. Thus, northern India is kept warm or only mildly cooled during winter; in summer, the same phenomenon makes India relatively hot. Although the

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and the eighth-largest of aluminium. India has significant sources of titanium ore, diamonds and limestone. India possesses 24% of the world's known and economically viable

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and eastern Maharashtra. It is limited by the Chhota Nagpur Plateau to the north, Eastern Ghats to the southeast, Bastar Craton to southwest and alluvium plain to the east.

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region, lie between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal.Though not as tall as the Western Ghats, some of its peaks are over 1,000 m (3,300 ft) in height. The

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formations of Cudappah and Vindhyan systems are spread out over the eastern and southern states. A small part of this period is spread over western and central India. The

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delta is home to the largest mangrove forest in the world. It lies at the mouth of the Ganges and spreads across areas of Bangladesh and West Bengal. The Sundarbans is a

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Myers, Norman; Mittermeier, Russell A.; Mittermeier, Cristina G.; Da Fonseca, Gustavo A. B.; Kent, Jennifer (2000). "Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities".

2159:, India's southernmost land point, is situated in the Nicobar islands at 6°45’10″N and 93°49’36″E, and lies just 189 km (117 mi) from the Indonesian island of 5083: 3510: 4378: 4687: 273: 5179: 999:

flowing down from Central Asia. Thus, northern India is kept warm or only mildly cooled during winter; in summer, the same phenomenon makes India relatively hot.

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of this belt is very high, the streams flow underground. The Bhabar is generally narrow with its width varying between 6 and 15 km (3.7 and 9.3 mi).

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belt consists of older alluvium and forms the alluvial terrace of the flood plains. In the Gangetic plains, it has a low upland covered by laterite deposits.

4441: 4156: 679:(LAC) is the effective border between India and the People's Republic of China. It traverses 4,057 km along the Indian states and union territories of 1015:

at 76 km (47 mi) ranks as the world's second longest glacier outside the polar regions. The southern boundary of the Karakoram is formed by the

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in seven areas—the Himalayas, Sohana, Cambay, the Narmada-Tapti delta, the Godavari delta and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (specifically the volcanic

2329:. Temperatures in India have risen by 0.7 °C (1.3 °F) between 1901 and 2018. According to some current projections, the number and severity of 1930:

In western India, the Kutch region in Gujarat and Koyna in Maharashtra are classified as a Zone IV region (high risk) for earthquakes. The Kutch city of

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India. The western end of the range lies in eastern Gujarat, near its border with Madhya Pradesh, and runs east and north, almost meeting the Ganges at

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Islands are located between 6° and 14° north latitude and 92° and 94° east longitude. They consist of 572 islands, lying in the Bay of Bengal near the

4764: 2588:. The Arabian Sea lies to the west of India, the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean lie to the east and south, respectively. Smaller seas include the 995:

ranges between 6,000 m (20,000 ft) in Sikkim to around 3,000 m (9,800 ft) in Ladakh. The Himalayas act as a barrier to the frigid

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formations from the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian and Devonian system are found in the Western Himalaya region in Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh. The

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belt lies in lowland areas after the Bangar belt. It is made up of fresh newer alluvium which is deposited by the rivers flowing down the plain.

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Kind, Rainer (September 2007). "The Fastest Continent: India's truncated lithospheric roots". Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres.

2964: 1214:. It extends 900 km (560 mi) with many peaks rising above 1,000 m (3,300 ft). It is triangular in shape, with its apex at 4314: 4025: 2013:

rivers drain these plains. The temperature in the coastal regions often exceeds 30 °C (86 °F), and is coupled with high levels of

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is the part of a craton where basement rock crops out of the ground, and it is relatively the older and more stable section, unaffected by

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were eventually exchanged in order to simplify the border. After the exchange, India lost roughly 40 km (9,900 acres) to Bangladesh.

9860: 8136: 7761: 2759:. It is the fifth-largest producer of bauxite, second largest of crude steel as of February 2018 replacing Japan, the seventh-largest of 2682:

and the deltas of the Mahanadi, Godavari and Krishna rivers. Parts of Maharashtra, Karnataka and Kerala also have large mangrove covers.

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peninsula in western Gujarat is bounded by the Gulf of Kutch and the Gulf of Khambat. The natural vegetation in most of the peninsula is

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belt is adjacent to the foothills of the Himalayas and consists of boulders and pebbles which have been carried down by streams. As the

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in India, located in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, the Gulf of Mannar, Lakshadweep, and the Gulf of Kutch. Important lakes include

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Measurements are from recent imagery, generally supplemented with Russian 1:200,000 scale topographic mapping as well as Jerzy Wala,

3358: 2878:—the boundary between the tropics and subtropics—passes through the middle of India, the whole country is considered to be tropical. 1413: 5318: 5288: 2511:, which drain into the Arabian Sea in Gujarat. The river network that flows from east to west constitutes 10% of the total outflow. 10196: 8982: 8949: 6264: 3849: 1202:, lies south of Vindhya range and east of Aravali range, begins in eastern Gujarat near the Arabian Sea coast and runs east across 4050: 10135: 8970: 6946: 5655: 3638: 1153:, rising to 1,722 m (5,650 ft), lying near the border with Gujarat. The Aravali Range is the eroded stub of an ancient 4651: 9373: 8232: 7339: 7116: 6788: 6383: 5760: 4787: 3474: 1942:, which claimed the lives of more than 1,337 people and injured 166,836 while destroying or damaging near a million homes. The 1463:. The range covers an area of 140,000 km in a stretch of 1,600 km (990 mi) parallel to the western coast of the 4729: 10110: 8126: 7828: 7668: 7653: 7447: 7377: 6655: 6623: 6603: 6103: 6039: 5832: 5803: 5512: 5080: 5065: 4862:"Average temperature over India projected to rise by 4.4 degrees Celsius: Govt report on impact of climate change in country" 4578: 4494: 4292: 3884: 3817: 3261: 3246: 577: 5378: 4104: 2345:

and was brought on by elevated ocean temperatures tied to global warming, are also projected to become increasingly common.

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may run dry for the same reason. Severe landslides and floods are projected to become increasingly common in such states as

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in Maharashtra killed 7,928 people and injured 30,000. Other areas have a moderate to low risk of an earthquake occurring.

763:, narrowed sharply by the borders of Bhutan, Nepal and Bangladesh, connects peninsular India with the northeastern states. 70: 5481: 3497: 10155: 8002: 7833: 7255: 5340: 3271: 2207: 1729: 618: 4678: 1058:

side of these hills, has the distinction of being the wettest place in the world, receiving the highest annual rainfall.

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coast running in a north–south axis for approximately 910 km. They are located 1,255 km (780 mi) from

1258: 4890:"Investigation of multi-model spatiotemporal mesoscale drought projections over India under climate change scenario" 1349: 8832: 8827: 8820: 8443: 8413: 7518: 7483: 7260: 6481: 6446: 6325: 5632: 4991:

Aggarwal, D., Lal, M. Vulnerability of the Indian Coastline to Sea Level Rise (SURVAS Flood Hazard Research Centre)

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and is one of the eight "hottest hot-spots" of biological diversity in the world. It is sometimes called the Great

1320: 810:(Eastern Ghats and Western Ghats) and plateaus (Malwa Plateau, Chhota Nagpur Plateau, Southern Garanulite terrain, 539:, the Indian Plate began moving north at about 15 cm/year (6 in/yr). About 50 to 55 million years ago, in the 5153: 4399: 2859: 2841: 1424:

Ghat of Karnataka is also notable. In many cases, the term is used to refer to a mountain range itself, as in the

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largest, with an average elevation of 700 m (2,300 ft). Much of the plateau is forested, covered by the

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rivers also arise in the western Himalayas and join the Ganges in the plains. The Brahmaputra originates in

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alone has a catchment of about 1,100,000 km (420,000 sq mi). The Ganges originates from the

5594: 4756: 4335: 1563:'s eastern coast, which have been eroded and quadrisected by the four major rivers of southern India, the 10255: 9703: 9169: 8859: 8717: 8574: 8205: 8200: 8012: 7558: 7402: 7382: 7111: 6863: 6665: 6660: 6501: 6318: 6171: 6111: 5715: 2267: 2093: 2055: 832: 419: 324: 5400: 4511: 10160: 9846: 9366: 9330: 9266: 8803: 8771: 8692: 8171: 8032: 7954: 7823: 7808: 7771: 7658: 7553: 7513: 7270: 7239: 7148: 6826: 6781: 6618: 6613: 6496: 6476: 6236: 6206: 4077: 3794: 3772: 2363: 2318: 2219: 2022: 1007:

range runs through Ladakh. The range is about 500 km (310 mi) in length and the most heavily

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Jain, J.K.; Farmer, B. H.; Rush, H.; West, H. W.; Allan, J. A.; Dasgupta, B.; Boon, W. H. (May 1977).

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Most of India's estimated 5.4 billion barrels (860,000,000 m) in oil reserves are located in the

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Malani Igneous Suite, largest in India and third largest igneous suite in the world, at Jodhpur near

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will have markedly increased by the end of the present century. Ecological disasters, such as a 1998

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is seen in the western Himalayas and Assam. Oligocene formations are seen in Kutch and Assam. The

2704:. It is estimated that there are now 400 Bengal tigers and about 30,000 spotted deer in the area. 1954: 637:(LoC) to serve as the informal boundary between the Indian and Pakistan-administered areas of the 10115: 10090: 10005: 9985: 9935: 9905: 9895: 9823: 9818: 9788: 9754: 9303: 8896: 8884: 8854: 8516: 8463: 8237: 8007: 7959: 7850: 7813: 7803: 7798: 7543: 7468: 7392: 6868: 6633: 6486: 6436: 6269: 6221: 4560: 4029: 3241: 2909: 2255: 1939: 719:. Located amidst the Himalayan range, India's border with Bhutan runs 699 km (434 mi). 364: 4600: 3473:. The International Law of the Sea and Indian MaritimeLegislation. 30 April 2005. Archived from 2456:

system has the largest catchment area of about 1,600,000 km (620,000 sq mi). The

699:. The border with Burma (Myanmar) extends up to 1,643 km (1,021 mi) along the eastern 10201: 10080: 10075: 9955: 9749: 9713: 9491: 9251: 8891: 8847: 8722: 8654: 8644: 8609: 8247: 8242: 8091: 7904: 7899: 7845: 7766: 7536: 7531: 7508: 7344: 6831: 6521: 6516: 6471: 6388: 6226: 6211: 6186: 6161: 6156: 2801: 2797: 676: 5055: 2541:, all draining into the Bay of Bengal. These rivers constitute 20% of India's total outflow). 10145: 10095: 10050: 10030: 10020: 9920: 9775: 9734: 9451: 9359: 9212: 9085: 9070: 8939: 8916: 8634: 8484: 8408: 8360: 8350: 7939: 7887: 7872: 7313: 7234: 7163: 7158: 6951: 6916: 6858: 6774: 6357: 6196: 5608: 5581: 5404: 4484: 3874: 3807: 3662: 3543: 3091: 2886:. In the Thar desert area temperatures can exceed 45 °C (113 °F). The rain-bearing 2726: 2481: 1943: 1252: 605:. Its western border with Pakistan extends up to 3,323 km (2,065 mi), dividing the 528: 486: 387: 5851: 5781: 4946: 3054:. It comprises Mewar Craton in the east and Marwar Craton in the west. It is limited by the 2058:

constitute a unique ecoregion. The Western Coastal Plain can be divided into two parts, the

1538: 1116:, and is loosely defined as the peninsular region between these ranges that is south of the 1090: 885: 10120: 10035: 10015: 9900: 9890: 9527: 8997: 8732: 8670: 8639: 8629: 8589: 8584: 8323: 8262: 8116: 7909: 7892: 7369: 6745: 6643: 6231: 6191: 6181: 6146: 6141: 6063: 5827:. Publications Division, Ministry of Information & Broadcasting, Govt. Of India. 2007. 5551: 5446: 4903: 4894: 4209: 3575: 3506: 2793: 930: 853: 739:

runs 1,751 km (1,088 mi) along the foothills of the Himalayas in northern India.

352: 5310: 3350: 2934:

formation is seen over most of the northern Deccan; they are believed to be the result of

929:

ranges define the northern frontiers of the Indian subcontinent. These were formed by the

8: 10175: 10165: 10100: 10065: 10000: 9980: 9970: 9930: 9915: 9910: 9808: 9803: 9793: 9744: 9680: 9675: 9589: 9501: 9288: 9281: 9276: 9075: 9012: 9002: 8798: 8766: 8737: 8131: 8086: 8050: 7969: 7776: 7753: 7526: 7349: 7121: 7030: 6511: 6393: 6289: 6216: 6201: 6166: 5284: 2693: 1703: 1510: 1506:

2,695 m (8,842 ft) in Kerala is the highest peak in the Western Ghats. It is a

1105: 942: 817: 435: 316: 56: 5555: 5450: 5057:

Hydropolitics in the Third World: conflict and cooperation in international river basins

4907: 4686:(MS thesis). International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation. 4213: 3856: 1400:

is a term used to identify a difficult passage over a mountain. One such passage is the

563:. As of 2009, the Indian Plate is moving northeast at 5 cm/yr (2 in/yr), while the 10206: 10125: 10085: 10060: 10040: 9975: 9940: 9925: 9798: 9783: 9739: 9471: 9232: 9217: 9184: 9134: 9097: 8874: 8837: 8707: 8614: 8569: 8564: 8403: 8388: 8367: 8297: 8272: 8217: 8106: 8101: 8096: 7793: 7168: 7138: 7091: 7058: 6873: 6413: 6279: 6126: 6121: 4974: 4927: 4534: 4419:

Of 'ghati', 'bhaiyya' & 'yandu gundu': Mumbai has huge diversity in its pejoratives

4373: 4256: 4233: 3021: 3017: 2565: 602: 356: 4655: 3714:"India-Bangla land swap: was the world's strangest border created by a game of chess?" 2258:(EEZ) in the world with a total size of 2,305,143 km (890,021 sq mi). It includes the 343:. The southernmost tip of the Indian mainland (8°4′38″N, 77°31′56″E) is just south of 10230: 10045: 10010: 9965: 9960: 9869: 9813: 9609: 9426: 9271: 9261: 9256: 9159: 9144: 8879: 8761: 8756: 8619: 8599: 8594: 8506: 8501: 8318: 8267: 8078: 7877: 7741: 7442: 7096: 6695: 6025: 6004: 5983: 5964: 5945: 5926: 5907: 5888: 5857: 5828: 5569: 5061: 4978: 4966: 4931: 4919: 4538: 4490: 4463: 4288: 4225: 4168: 3960: 3930: 3905: 3880: 3813: 3595: 3452: 3044: 3013: 2821: 2789: 2768: 2629: 2485: 2449: 2306: 2247: 1920: 1851: 1654: 1604: 1389: 988: 953: 857: 760: 732: 704: 696: 587: 450: 395: 328: 5752: 4808: 3178:

and forms the basis of the Chhota Nagpur Plateau. It is a remnant of 3.4-3.0 Ga old

1173:

segment to the northwest of the range, and the Bundelkhand segment to the southeast.

9629: 9552: 9476: 9199: 9154: 9149: 9049: 9022: 8869: 8680: 8554: 8549: 8544: 8494: 8383: 8338: 8159: 8068: 7840: 7718: 7713: 7708: 7698: 7427: 7387: 7318: 7020: 6848: 6838: 6808: 6755: 6750: 6740: 6735: 6725: 6647: 6426: 6362: 6136: 6019: 5559: 5537: 5454: 4958: 4911: 4526: 4237: 4217: 3266: 3236: 3231: 3025: 2900: 2875: 2849: 2581: 2461: 2330: 2228: 2183: 2031: 2018: 1908: 1600: 1592: 1385: 1215: 1099: 949: 700: 684: 532: 506: 6047: 5800: 4962: 4915: 4680:

Earthquake Risk Assessment of Buildings: Applicability of HAZUS in Dehradun, India

4574: 2529:(The Western Ghats are the source of all Deccan rivers, which include the through 9461: 9298: 9222: 9164: 9129: 8810: 8788: 8712: 8489: 7613: 7608: 7598: 7591: 7359: 7214: 7199: 7025: 6908: 6573: 6568: 6553: 6546: 6403: 6256: 5980:

Encyclopaedia Asiatica: Comprising Indian Subcontinent, Eastern and Southern Asia

5807: 5788: 5370: 5207: 5087: 4445: 4425: 4406: 4100: 3899: 3141: 3029: 3002: 2862:, India hosts six major climatic subtypes, ranging from arid desert in the west, 2492:. The Brahmaputra merges with the Ganges in Bangladesh, where it is known as the 2354: 2342: 2334: 2294: 2199: 2144: 2132: 2128: 2097: 1503: 1012: 634: 556: 391: 363:(13.8 mi; 22.2 km) from the coast baseline. India has the 18th largest 288: 4069: 2919:

India's geological features are classified based on their era of formation. The

2836: 2767:, which is mined along shores of Kerala. Gold had been mined in the now-defunct 1878:. The Indo-Gangetic plains rank among the world's most densely populated areas. 1301:

broadleaf forest. Climate in the Deccan ranges from hot summers to mild winters.

9542: 9532: 9466: 9421: 9325: 9293: 9239: 9189: 9179: 9080: 8901: 8783: 8559: 7694: 7422: 7412: 7224: 7133: 7086: 7081: 7053: 7010: 7005: 6941: 6721: 6675: 6670: 5485: 4733: 3164: 3133: 3118: 3114: 2871: 2817: 2585: 2557: 2549: 2530: 2519: 2290: 2224: 2195: 2187: 2164: 2006: 1962: 1750: 1713: 1612: 1580: 1564: 1456: 1377: 1366: 1294: 1282: 1277: 1207: 996: 957: 934: 811: 799: 638: 598: 564: 548: 516: 474: 470: 454: 418:, deeply forested mountainous regions, separate India from Burma. On the east, 304: 269: 50: 5564: 5348: 4552: 2742: 1886: 967:

in the north to the state of Arunachal Pradesh in the east. Several Himalayan

10249: 10224: 9670: 9644: 9446: 9436: 9431: 9416: 9411: 9403: 9227: 9090: 8815: 8333: 8292: 7620: 7576: 7473: 7048: 6987: 6956: 6936: 6931: 6585: 6431: 5573: 4923: 4866: 3964: 3456: 3110: 3067: 3048: 2913: 2863: 2760: 2708: 2679: 2605: 2589: 2577: 2553: 2534: 2504: 2500: 2414: 2271: 2263: 2063: 2038: 2010: 1994: 1988: 1958: 1863: 1742: 1596: 1568: 1556: 1550: 1448: 1441: 1437: 1432: 1426: 1362: 1339: 1286: 1244:

and its tributaries; the western part is drained by the upper reaches of the

1241: 1235: 1223: 1198: 1154: 1132: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1083: 1039: 906: 894: 867: 803: 744: 622: 610: 606: 458: 407: 360: 292: 272:) to 37°6' north latitude and 68°7' east to 97°25' east longitude. It is the 202: 85: 72: 4835:"Warmer Tibet can see Brahmaputra flood Assam | India News - Times of India" 1023:

rivers, which separate the range from the northwestern end of the Himalayas.

523:(ancient landmass, consisting of the southern part of the supercontinent of 25: 9619: 9614: 9594: 9506: 8343: 8313: 7860: 7323: 7040: 6926: 6367: 5998: 5459: 5434: 4970: 4229: 3223: 3175: 3099: 2931: 2701: 2609: 2601: 2573: 2538: 2457: 2453: 2426: 2422: 2395: 2370: 2206:(Bombay) is located. Forty-two islands in the Gulf of Kutch constitute the 2156: 2124: 2037:

The Western Coastal Plain is a narrow strip of land sandwiched between the

1847: 1782: 1778: 1770: 1758: 1738: 1721: 1650: 1607:

hills in Tamil Nadu lies at the junction of the Eastern and Western Ghats.

1572: 1357: 1211: 1146: 1121: 1043: 972: 902: 520: 512: 482: 415: 399: 348: 320: 296: 280: 246: 147: 9351: 3499:

Age of Initiation of the India-Asia Collision in the East-Central Himalaya

2464:

in Uttarakhand. It flows southeast, draining into the Bay of Bengal. (The

597:

Its borders with Pakistan and Bangladesh were delineated according to the

10234: 9708: 9604: 9573: 9568: 9522: 9456: 9244: 8448: 8063: 8058: 7786: 7603: 7586: 7478: 7106: 7073: 7015: 6997: 6961: 6563: 6541: 6441: 3149: 3106: 3071: 3059: 2955: 2920: 2809: 2649: 2625: 2613: 2593: 2569: 2561: 2508: 2418: 2378: 2338: 2337:

event that killed off more than 70% of corals in the reef ecosystems off

2322: 2310: 2275: 2259: 2191: 2148: 2089: 2027: 2002: 1981: 1898: 1774: 1746: 1725: 1717: 1695: 1639: 1624: 1534: 1491: 1471: 1460: 1316: 1219: 1203: 1187: 1183: 1158: 1079: 1062: 1051: 1035: 1016: 836: 823: 752: 740: 724: 688: 649: 648:

India's border with Bangladesh runs 4,096.70 km (2,545.57 mi).

594:). India's borders run a total length of 15,200 km (9,400 mi). 465:, is the highest point in India at 8,586 m (28,169 ft) and the 427: 403: 344: 300: 284: 239: 3626:

http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/BM_MAN-IN-BANG-270813.pdf

3615:

http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/BM_MAN-IN-PAKS-060513.pdf

1678: 771: 453:

system occupies most of northern, central, and eastern India, while the

9639: 9496: 9486: 9441: 9383: 8287: 8179: 7581: 7265: 7063: 6580: 6558: 4530: 3900:

Gupta, Harsh K; Aloka Parasher-Sen; Dorairajan Balasubramanian (2000).

3579: 3127: 3039:

Aravalli Craton (Marwar-Mewar Craton or Western Indian Craton): Covers

2968: 2686: 2675: 2663: 2659: 2645: 2597: 2523: 2434: 2430: 2382: 2171: 1998: 1839: 1766: 1762: 1754: 1635: 1608: 1584: 1530: 1514: 1479: 1343: 1334: 1270: 1245: 1031: 984: 922: 536: 469:. The climate across India ranges from equatorial in the far south, to 431: 423: 411: 327:, some 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) southeast of the mainland, share 154: 46: 5008: 4129: 2696:, but is identified separately as the Sundarbans (Bangladesh) and the 2655: 2514: 1993:

The Eastern Coastal Plain is a wide stretch of land lying between the

1165:. The range joins two of the ancient segments that make up the Indian 9481: 9397: 7781: 6310: 5942:

Landscapes and Landforms of India (World Geomorphological Landscapes)

5234:

How to solve the problems of India's rain-dependent agricultural land

4637: 4221: 4199: 4068:. Mumbai 400028: Navneet Publications (India) Limited. Archived from 3168: 3156: 3145: 3087: 3075: 3063: 3040: 2935: 2924: 2747: 2711:

is a marshy region located in northwestern Gujarat and the bordering

2374: 2140: 1935: 1912: 1891: 1871: 1686: 1658: 1646: 1588: 1526: 1499: 1483: 1467: 1401: 1312: 1298: 1150: 1047: 1004: 992: 946: 916: 793: 657: 626: 560: 497: 371: 340: 308: 9838: 7354: 6398: 3795:

http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/Indo-Nepal-270813.pdf

3773:

http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/Indo-Myanmar-1011.pdf

2942: 2572:(formerly called Cape Comorin), the southern tip of mainland India; 1838:

by the numerous rivers. The plains are flat making it conducive for

1444:

on the west coast of India are the largest ghats in pensular India.

613:. This border runs along the Indian states and union territories of 8184: 7219: 3784:

http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/Indo-Bhutan-1011.pdf

3202: 3194: 2950: 2928: 2883: 2756: 2621: 2232: 2175: 2152: 2014: 1831: 1797: 1666: 1620: 1421: 1409: 1191: 1067: 1055: 735:

are the states which share the border with Bhutan. The border with

708: 544: 336: 312: 214: 168: 3371:

Total area includes disputed territories not under Indian control.

3035:

The Indian Craton can be divided into five major cratons as such:

2816:

is mined in Andhra Pradesh. India has 400 medium-to-high enthalpy

876: 5176:"India outranks US, China with world's highest net cropland area" 3198: 3186: 3137: 3123: 3051: 2987: 2887: 2844:

map is based on temperature, precipitation and their seasonality.

2813: 2764: 2670: 2640: 2617: 2243: 2160: 2120: 2116: 2047: 2043: 1973: 1691: 1662: 1628: 1616: 1549:

used for the marathi people specially those from the villages in

1495: 1405: 1393: 1308: 1177: 1138: 1008: 938: 716: 712: 665: 661: 630: 552: 524: 332: 182: 2289:

was ranked seventh among the list of countries most affected by

1969: 9687: 9654: 9634: 9537: 6766: 5923:

Physical Geography of India: A Study in Regional Earth Sciences

5540:"Updated world map of the Köppen–Geiger climate classification" 4340: 3182: 3160: 3117:

and forms the basis of the Malwa Plateau. It is limited by the

3083: 3079: 3009: 2808:

basins. India possesses about seventeen trillion cubic feet of

2805: 2690: 2465: 2445: 2438: 2359: 2314: 2302: 2236: 2203: 2179: 2059: 1977: 1924: 1875: 1793: 1788:

The great plains are sometimes classified into four divisions:

1642: 1631: 1576: 1546: 1522: 1518: 1507: 1475: 1417: 1290: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1120:.Having once constituted a segment of the ancient continent of 1027: 976: 964: 926: 756: 720: 692: 680: 614: 540: 462: 446: 442: 379: 226: 189: 4786:

Eckstein, David; Künzel, Vera; Schäfer, Laura (January 2021).

3981:. Vol. 46. Indian Geographical Society. 1971. p. 52. 2484:) (or "Tsangpo"). It enters India in the far-eastern state of 2096:

are India's two major island formations and are classified as

952:

that covers most of Eurasia, and the tropical and subtropical

9624: 9547: 6506: 2976: 2712: 2489: 2473: 2469: 2326: 2286: 2251: 2051: 1867: 1859: 1843: 1804: 1733: 1649:

rock formations. The structure of the Eastern Ghats includes

1560: 1464: 1455:(Benevolent Mountains) run along the western edge of India's 1142: 1020: 980: 848: 748: 736: 728: 653: 591: 519:

that was formed when it split off from the ancient continent

478: 383: 375: 315:

are some 125 kilometres (78 mi) to the south of India's

265: 175: 6093: 5538:

Peel, M. C. and Finlayson, B. L. and McMahon, T. A. (2007).

3872: 3155:

Singhbhum Craton, 4,000 km area which primarily covers

2046:. Major rivers flowing into the sea are the Tapti, Narmada, 1690:

Many areas remain flooded during the heavy rains brought by

1094:

Dry deciduous and thorny forests of plateau regions in India

609:

and running along the boundaries of the Thar Desert and the

9599: 8944: 4458:

Pullaiah, Thammineni; D.Muralidhara Rao (2002). "Preface".

3190: 2127:

in Burma. The territory consists of two island groups, the

1931: 1855: 1835: 1262: 807: 551:

along the modern border between India and Nepal formed the

370:

The northern frontiers of India are defined largely by the

36: 6021:

El Niño: Unlocking the Secrets of the Master Weather Maker

5220:

Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land)

3927:

Tropical geomorphology: a morphogenetic study of Rajasthan

2074: 828:

Coastal Plains: Eastern Ghat folds and Western Ghats folds

775:

Physical map of India with various physiographic divisions

5439:

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London

4457: 3174:

Bastar Craton (Bastar-Bhandara Craton), primarily covers

1487: 641:. India claims the whole of the former princely state of 582:

India is divided into 28 States (further subdivided into

268:

is situated north of the equator between 8°4' north (the

5432: 5256:. Ministry of Mines, Government of India. Archived from 5254:"India's Contribution to the World's Mineral Production" 4519:

Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences, Section B

3806:

Baker, Kathleen M.; Chapman, Graham P. (11 March 2002),

279:

On the south, India projects into and is bounded by the

4460:

Flora of Eastern Ghats: Hill ranges of south east India

1830:

is the world's most extensive expanse of uninterrupted

5210:

FAO-United Nations and Bonn University, Germany (2013)

4947:"GLOBAL WARMING:Some Coral Bouncing Back From El Niño" 3189:

and the Rest of Bastar Craton. It is limited by three

1459:

and separate it from a narrow coastal plain along the

759:

are the states which share the border with Nepal. The

7993:

Bureau of Police Research and Development (BPR&D)

4785: 4369:"39 sites in Western Ghats get world heritage status" 3839:, Swiss Foundation for Alpine Research, Zurich, 1990. 3185:

of five types. It is subdivided into Kotri-Dongagarh

2604:, the country's largest saltwater lake in Rajasthan, 2202:

is India's most populous island on which the city of

1997:

and the oceanic boundary of India. It stretches from

477:

in the upper regions of the Himalayas. Geologically,

5904:

India and Pakistan: A General and Regional Geography

4730:"National Portal of India: Know India: State of UTs" 4252:"UN designates Western Ghats as world heritage site" 3837:

Orographical Sketch Map: Karakoram: Sheets 1 & 2

3213: 1866:. Other important crops grown in the region include 1124:, this land is the oldest and most stable in India. 1011:

part of the world outside of the polar regions. The

971:

rise above 7,000 m (23,000 ft), including

5143: 4400:>Bombay Teachers and the Cultural Role of Cities 3649:(12). Archived from the original on 8 December 2008 1682:

Extent of the Indo-Gangetic plain across South Asia

7841:Governors, Lieutenant Governors and Administrators 5656:"Dras: The World's Second Coldest Inhabited Place" 5613:. Jeevananda Reddy. p. 65. GGKEY:WDFHBL1XHK3. 4486:The Geography of India: Sacred and Historic Places 5625:"India sets new heat record as temperatures soar" 5060:. US Institute of Peace Press. pp. 156–158. 4654:. USGS Earthquake Hazards Program. Archived from 3307:"Annual Report 2016-17, Ministry of Home Affairs" 3062:in the west, Indo-ganetic alluvium in the north, 1623:supercontinent. The Eastern Ghats are made up of 921:An arc of mountains consisting of the Himalayas, 10247: 4482: 4124: 4122: 3955:"Manorama Yearbook 2006 (India – The Country)". 3505:. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, 3447:"Manorama Yearbook 2006 (India – The Country)". 1850:sources. The plains are one of the world's most 590:including the National capital territory (i.e., 367:of 2,305,143 km (890,021 sq mi). 5506: 3105:Bundelkand Craton, covers 26,00 km in the 2139:is situated here. It last erupted in 2017. The 1474:near the Gujarat–Maharashtra border and across 445:is the longest river originating in India. The 244:287 to 500 km (111 to 193 sq mi) 5901: 4676: 2123:(Calcutta) and 193 km (120 mi) from 798:Peninsular Plateau: contains mountain ranges ( 535:. About 90 million years ago, during the late 9854: 9367: 6782: 6326: 6079: 5152:. National Geographic Society. Archived from 4119: 3636: 3386:Ministry of Home Affairs: Government of India 2967:says that 60% of Indian landmass is prone to 2870:The Himalayas act as a barrier to the frigid 2545:cause displacements of people in such areas. 2242:Major resource-based industries of India are 1575:. These mountains extend from West Bengal to 1559:are a discontinuous range of mountains along 1265:have been found in the Chota Nagpur plateau. 115:3,287,263 km (1,269,219 sq mi) 5693: 5691: 5689: 5687: 5685: 5683: 5681: 5586:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 5098: 5096: 5032: 5030: 5028: 5026: 4713:Manorama Yearbook 2006 (India – The Country) 4512:"Geology of Eastern Ghats in Andhra Pradesh" 4476: 4012:Manorama Yearbook 2006 (India – The Country) 4006: 4004: 4002: 4000: 3998: 3996: 3994: 3992: 3990: 3988: 3950: 3948: 3946: 3829: 3805: 3537: 3463: 2564:, which separates India from Sri Lanka; the 2266:off the southwestern coast of India and the 1708:The Indo-Gangetic plains, also known as the 9381: 5961:The Incredible History of India's Geography 5882: 5047: 3600:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 2170:Other significant islands in India include 1728:. They run parallel to the Himalayas, from 1669:are found in the Eastern Ghats hill ranges. 347:, while the southernmost point in India is 259:2,305,143 km (890,021 sq mi) 9861: 9847: 9374: 9360: 6789: 6775: 6333: 6319: 6086: 6072: 5856:. National Geographical Society of India. 5074: 4631: 4509: 4489:. The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 28. 4044: 3098:is the largest in India and third largest 2408:Sahyadri or Western Ghats in western India 2405:Vindhya and Satpura range in central India 2054:. Vegetation is mostly deciduous, but the 1416:about 80 kilometres (50 mi) north of 1128:Mountain ranges (clockwise from top-left) 1046:. The Garo–Khasi range lies in Meghalaya. 24: 8003:Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI) 7883:Fundamental rights, principles and duties 5902:Spate, O.H.K.; Learmonth, A.T.A. (1967). 5678: 5563: 5476: 5474: 5472: 5470: 5458: 5125: 5113: 5093: 5023: 4887: 3985: 3943: 3569: 2163:, to the southeast. The highest point is 1911:. Most of the Thar Desert is situated in 1074: 492: 7945:Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) 6275:Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu 5883:Nag, Prithvish; Sengupta, Smita (1992). 5794: 5775: 5341:"Information and Issue Briefs – Thorium" 5248: 5246: 5244: 5242: 5005:"Introduction to Inland Water Transport" 4888:Gupta, Vivek; Jain, Manoj Kumar (2018). 4285:Geomorphological Landscapes of the World 3533: 3531: 2996: 2986: 2941: 2904: 2835: 2741: 2654: 2639: 2513: 2358: 2223: 2073: 1968: 1953: 1885: 1685: 1677: 1356: 1348: 1333: 1218:and the two sides being parallel to the 1089: 1078: 1061: 847: 770: 766: 496: 410:salt marshes. In the far northeast, the 359:extend into the sea to a distance of 12 9044: 6947:Achaemenid conquest of the Indus Valley 5977: 5653: 5213: 5053: 4999: 4997: 4944: 4724: 4722: 4154: 3873:Dale Hoiberg; Indu Ramchandani (2000). 3711: 3440: 3331: 2812:in Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Odisha. 2281: 1915:, covering 61% of its geographic area. 987:(7,816 m (25,643 ft)) in the 975:(8,598 m (28,209 ft)) on the 10248: 8233:Securities and Exchange Board of India 7340:National Geological Monuments of India 6384:National Geological Monuments of India 6340: 5996: 5958: 5757:U.S. Food and Agriculture Organization 5747: 5745: 5743: 5741: 5739: 5737: 5509:"Geothermal Energy Resources of India" 5467: 5363: 5279: 5277: 5275: 4859: 4809:"How climate change hits India's poor" 4563:from the original on 11 December 2021. 4462:. Vol. 1. Daya Books. p. 1. 4431: 4412: 4393: 4095: 4093: 3924: 3471:"Territorial extent of India's waters" 3343: 3058:in the east, sandy Thar Desert in the 2965:National Disaster Management Authority 2576:, the southernmost point in India (on 1673: 571: 9868: 9842: 9355: 9043: 8157: 8033:Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW) 7998:Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) 7739: 7291: 6806: 6770: 6314: 6067: 5849: 5513:Indian Institute of Technology Bombay 5435:"India's Underground Water Resources" 5428: 5426: 5381:from the original on 10 December 2008 5239: 5007:. Government of India. Archived from 4732:. Government of India. Archived from 4366: 4282: 4107:from the original on 16 December 2008 3879:. Popular Prakashan. pp. 92–93. 3744:"Another Chinese intrusion in Sikkim" 3630: 3528: 3516:from the original on 17 December 2008 3392:from the original on 31 December 2020 3301: 3299: 3297: 3295: 3293: 3291: 3289: 3287: 3262:List of disputed territories of India 2971:and 8% susceptible to cyclone risks. 2912:of Detrital rocks of Tirumala Hills, 2732: 2402:The Himalaya and the Karakoram ranges 2182:, a river island of the Brahmaputra; 578:States and union territories of India 6017: 5939: 5870:from the original on 9 November 2021 5763:from the original on 5 November 2007 5666:from the original on 18 January 2021 5531: 5291:from the original on 8 December 2008 5201:Global map of irrigated areas: India 4994: 4767:from the original on 28 January 2021 4719: 4670: 4644: 4625: 4348:from the original on 18 January 2013 4317:from the original on 18 January 2019 3693:from the original on 8 November 2020 3495: 3130:belts at the margins of two cratons. 2737: 2213: 1716:dominated by three main rivers, the 1273:excluding western and eastern ghats. 1145:. The highest peak in this range is 311:to its immediate southeast, and the 274:seventh-largest country in the world 8028:National Investigation Agency (NIA) 7950:Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) 7639:Autonomous administrative divisions 5920: 5734: 5610:Climate Change: Myths and Realities 5500: 5411:from the original on 8 January 2009 5333: 5303: 5272: 4581:from the original on 17 August 2007 4090: 4053:, Hindi-English Collins dictionary. 4018: 3736: 3724:from the original on 9 January 2016 3272:Category:Lists of villages in India 2301:, threatening the flow rate of the 1587:in the south passing some parts of 1259:Chhota Nagpur dry deciduous forests 1231:Plateaus (clockwise from top-left) 963:The Himalayas in India extend from 601:, which was created in 1947 during 251:1,100 km (420 sq mi) 159:4,096.70 km (2,545.57 mi) 13: 8018:Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC) 5842: 5708: 5654:Binayak, Poonam (30 August 2017). 5423: 5393: 5321:from the original on 18 March 2021 5137: 4827: 4801: 4754: 4065:Navneet Marathi English Dictionary 3489: 3284: 3148:and parts of eastern and southern 3136:(Karnataka Craton), 3.4 - 2.6 Ga, 2774: 2293:in 2019. Temperature rises on the 2078:Aerial view of the Andaman Islands 2042:usually perennial, and empty into 1543:people of hills or ghats (valleys) 1261:. Vast reserves of metal ores and 531:is subdivided into the Indian and 511:India is situated entirely on the 434:, and the watershed region of the 14: 10267: 8213:Ministry of Commerce and Industry 7955:Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) 7240:Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF) 5753:"Fertilizer use by crop in India" 5722:from the original on 25 June 2007 5716:"India Agronet – Soil Management" 5484:. Krishiworld.com. Archived from 5144:World Wildlife Fund, ed. (2001). 4155:Clayton, Pamela (November 2006). 4028:. How Stuff Works. Archived from 3428:from the original on 30 June 2021 1949: 931:ongoing tectonic plates collision 457:occupies most of southern India. 139:7,516.6 km (4,670.6 mi) 10229: 10220: 10219: 6796: 5371:"Death of the Kolar Gold Fields" 4788:"Global Climate Risk Index 2021" 4693:from the original on 24 May 2022 4510:Sriramadas, A. (November 1967). 4136:from the original on 4 July 2018 3959:. Malayala Manorama: 516. 2006. 3904:. Orient Blackswan. p. 28. 3451:. Malayala Manorama: 515. 2006. 3257:Exclusive economic zone of India 3216: 3090:and extinct volcanos exposed in 1854:areas. The main crops grown are 1361:Dry Evergreen Forests along the 1321:Northwestern thorn scrub forests 1269:: Covers South India especially 884: 875: 843: 7256:History of India (1947–present) 5817: 5647: 5617: 5601: 5225: 5194: 5168: 4985: 4938: 4881: 4853: 4779: 4748: 4705: 4677:Brijesh Gulati (January 2006). 4652:"Preliminary Earthquake Report" 4613:from the original on 2 May 2011 4593: 4567: 4545: 4503: 4451: 4360: 4328: 4301: 4276: 4244: 4193: 4148: 4056: 3979:The Indian geographical journal 3971: 3918: 3893: 3866: 3842: 3799: 3788: 3777: 3766: 3705: 3675: 3619: 3608: 3563: 3361:from the original on 8 May 2015 3252:List of extreme points of India 2959:one centimetre each year. 2719: 2348: 2317:and other major rivers. A 2007 2167:at 642 m (2,106 ft). 2017:. The region receives both the 1903:The Thar Desert (also known as 1440:on the east coast of India and 1161:event called the Aravali–Delhi 10187:British Indian Ocean Territory 8023:Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) 7975:Special Protection Group (SPG) 7965:Railway Protection Force (RPF) 4860:Sharma, Vibha (15 June 2020). 3809:The Changing Geography of Asia 3750:. 19 June 2012. Archived from 3712:Daniyal, Shoaib (8 May 2015). 3572:"States and Union Territories" 3404: 3374: 3016:made up of a top layer called 1881: 1777:—as well as the rivers of the 1104:This is a large region of the 784:India can be divided into six 152:15,200 km (9,400 mi) 1: 9650:Protected areas in Tamil Nadu 9118:Engineering colleges in India 8747:Electronics and semiconductor 7960:National Security Guard (NSG) 7704:World Heritage Sites in India 7292: 6731:World Heritage Sites in India 5823: 5131: 5119: 4963:10.1126/science.288.5468.941a 4916:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.10.012 4260:. 2 July 2012. Archived from 3925:Sharma, Hari Shanker (1987). 3643:Frontline Magazine, the Hindu 3337: 3277: 3247:Disputed territories of India 2842:Köppen climate classification 2628:(lagoon lake) in Odisha, and 2369:winds along the banks of the 2321:(WWF) report states that the 2299:Himalayan glaciers to retreat 899:highest mountain in the world 814:and Kutch Kathiawar plateau). 231:2,525 km (1,569 mi) 206:8,586 m (28,169 ft) 187:1,643 km (1,021 mi) 180:1,751 km (1,088 mi) 173:3,323 km (2,065 mi) 166:3,488 km (2,167 mi) 8008:Enforcement Directorate (ED) 7829:State legislative assemblies 7740: 7669:States and union territories 7378:Biogeographic classification 6656:Biogeographic classification 6040:"Land and Natural Resources" 4575:"The World's Largest Desert" 4367:Lewis, Clara (3 July 2012). 4283:Migon, Piotr (12 May 2010). 3144:terrain covers the state of 3074:in the south. It mainly has 1834:formed by the deposition of 1553:, often in pejorative terms. 1157:system. The range rose in a 703:'s northeastern states viz. 633:. Both nations delineated a 388:western border with Pakistan 374:, where the country borders 7: 9704:Andaman and Nicobar Islands 9175:Water supply and sanitation 8158: 7940:Border Security Force (BSF) 7685:National monuments of India 6807: 6712:National monuments of India 6265:Andaman and Nicobar Islands 5150:WildWorld Ecoregion Profile 4945:Normile, D. (12 May 2000). 4634:Afforestation in Arid zones 4103:. Rainwaterharvesting.org. 4101:"The Eastern Coastal Plain" 3812:, Routledge, pp. 10–, 3637:Naunidhi Kaur (June 2002). 3419:Central Intelligence Agency 3209: 2946:Geological regions of India 2635: 2480:, where it is known as the 2394:from one of the three main 2268:Andaman and Nicobar Islands 2246:, agriculture, mining, and 2094:Andaman and Nicobar Islands 2056:Malabar Coast moist forests 1961:beach view, Bay of Bengal, 1846:. The area is also rich in 1267:Southern Garanulite terrain 956:which includes South Asia, 833:Andaman and Nicobar islands 485:, the northern part of the 325:Andaman and Nicobar Islands 10: 10272: 8228:Central Statistical Office 7834:State legislative councils 7809:Union Council of Ministers 5906:. Methuen Publishing Ltd. 5853:India A Regional Geography 4428:, First Post, 26 Feb 2019. 3876:Students' Britannica India 3020:and an older layer called 2982: 2898: 2894: 2847: 2831: 2488:, then flows west through 2352: 2319:World Wide Fund for Nature 2220:Natural resources of India 2217: 2081: 2069: 1986: 1896: 1701: 1097: 914: 779: 575: 504: 467:world's third highest peak 426:is largely defined by the 218:−2.2 m (−7.2 ft) 10215: 10174: 10134: 9876: 9773: 9722: 9696: 9663: 9582: 9561: 9515: 9390: 9198: 9108:Medical colleges in India 9063: 9059: 9039: 8958: 8927: 8663: 8532: 8472: 8424: 8376: 8306: 8258:Foreign exchange reserves 8253:Foreign direct investment 8223:Economic Advisory Council 8193: 8170: 8166: 8153: 8077: 8049: 7983: 7970:Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) 7932: 7923: 7868: 7859: 7752: 7748: 7735: 7677: 7629: 7567: 7456: 7368: 7350:Sacred mountains of India 7332: 7304: 7300: 7287: 7248: 7177: 7072: 7039: 6996: 6975: 6922:Indus Valley Civilisation 6907: 6819: 6815: 6802: 6704: 6642: 6594: 6532: 6412: 6394:Sacred mountains of India 6376: 6348: 6255: 6102: 5940:Kale, Vishwas S. (2014). 5887:. Concept Publishing Co. 5787:12 September 2021 at the 5565:10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007 5345:World Nuclear Association 5287:. Encyclopedia of Earth. 5285:"Energy profile of India" 5090:, Encyclopædia Britannica 5054:Elhance, Arun P. (1999). 4483:Kenneth Pletcher (2010). 4287:. Springer. p. 257. 3667:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3412:"Jammu and Kashmir - CIA" 3382:"India at a Glance: Area" 2854:Climatic regions of India 2783: 1381: 461:, in the Indian state of 299:proper to the south. The 255: 235: 222: 210: 198: 194:699 km (434 mi) 143: 135: 127: 119: 111: 101: 64: 42: 32: 23: 9936:East Timor (Timor-Leste) 8394:Multi Commodity Exchange 8013:Intelligence Bureau (IB) 5959:Sanyal, Sanjeev (2015). 5401:"Water profile of India" 4444:5 September 2023 at the 4437:Guruprasad Datar, 2018, 4424:5 September 2023 at the 4405:5 September 2023 at the 4082:: CS1 maint: location ( 3929:. Concept. p. 295. 2698:Sundarbans National Park 2548:Major gulfs include the 2084:List of islands of India 2009:, Godavari, Kaveri, and 1619:and the assembly of the 1595:of Kerala. Parts of the 1404:that connects the towns 1329: 396:Western Himalayan ranges 372:Himalayan mountain range 10197:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 8238:Enforcement Directorate 7699:Indian-origin religions 7690:National parks of India 7499:Highest point by states 7261:Economic liberalisation 6726:Indian-origin religions 6717:National parks of India 6462:Highest point by states 5806:16 January 2019 at the 5699:Manorama Yearbook 2006 5544:Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci 5206:23 October 2020 at the 5104:Manorama Yearbook 2006 5086:25 January 2012 at the 5038:Manorama Yearbook 2006 4606:Encyclopædia Britannica 3355:Encyclopædia Britannica 3242:Climate change in India 3012:are a specific kind of 2910:Eparchaean Unconformity 2256:exclusive economic zone 1940:2001 Gujarat earthquake 1694:in the Indian state of 1305:Kutch Kathiawar plateau 365:Exclusive Economic Zone 283:—in particular, by the 256:Exclusive economic zone 9714:Atolls of the Maldives 9492:Chittagong Hill Tracts 9208:Arts and entertainment 8843:Science and technology 8779:Information technology 8459:Government initiatives 7355:Sacred rivers of India 7345:Sacred groves of India 6899:Science and technology 6604:States and territories 6399:Sacred rivers of India 6389:Sacred groves of India 5982:. Cosmo Publications. 5921:Pal, Saroj K. (1998). 5810:, lyellcollection.org. 5482:"Krishi World website" 5460:10.1098/rstb.1977.0058 4761:Guinness World Records 4757:"Largest river island" 4755:Majuli, River Island. 4553:"Geography Now! India" 4310:A biodiversity hotspot 3551:Cite journal requires 3496:Zhu, Bin; et al. 3201:rift in northwest and 3006: 2992: 2947: 2916: 2845: 2751: 2666: 2652: 2560:. Straits include the 2526: 2386: 2385:Himalayan hill region. 2239: 2235:, source river of the 2079: 1984: 1966: 1894: 1699: 1683: 1541:, literally means the 1369: 1354: 1346: 1095: 1087: 1075:The Peninsular Plateau 1071: 861: 820:or The Northern Plains 776: 677:Line of Actual Control 502: 493:Geological development 291:to the southwest, the 9165:Socio-economic issues 9113:Law colleges in India 9103:Universities in India 8351:Reserve Bank of India 7154:Independence movement 6952:Indo-Parthian Kingdom 6097:by state or territory 5963:. Penguin Books Ltd. 5405:Encyclopedia of Earth 5222:The World Bank (2013) 5106:(India – Environment) 5040:(India – The Country) 3092:Aravalli-Delhi Orogen 3000: 2990: 2945: 2908: 2839: 2745: 2658: 2643: 2517: 2482:Yarlung Tsangpo River 2362: 2254:has the 18th-largest 2227: 2077: 2034:, and sandy coastal. 1972: 1957: 1944:1993 Latur earthquake 1889: 1862:, which are grown in 1689: 1681: 1657:all along its range. 1470:, from south of the 1360: 1352: 1337: 1253:Chhota Nagpur Plateau 1108:located between the 1098:Further information: 1093: 1082: 1065: 851: 786:physiographic regions 774: 767:Physiographic regions 529:Indo-Australian plate 500: 487:Indo-Australian Plate 295:on the east, and the 10111:United Arab Emirates 8439:Economic development 8283:Voluntary guidelines 8278:Industrial licensing 7408:Environmental issues 7190:Non-Aligned Movement 6967:Seleucid–Mauryan war 6746:Environment of India 5925:. Sangam Books Ltd. 5850:Singh, R.L. (1971). 5507:Chandrasekharam, D. 4895:Journal of Hydrology 4026:"The Deccan Plateau" 3862:on 12 December 2004. 3850:"Physical divisions" 3754:on 28 September 2011 3639:"The Nowhere People" 3576:Know India Programme 3507:University at Albany 3477:on 28 September 2007 3159:as well as parts of 3096:Malani Igneous Suite 3056:Great Boundary Fault 2644:A map of the Indian 2282:Ecological resources 2262:island group in the 2208:Marine National Park 991:of Uttarakhand. The 943:biogeographic realms 792:Northern Mountains: 353:Great Nicobar Island 321:Eight Degree Channel 307:separate India from 10138:limited recognition 9590:Indo-Gangetic plain 9523:Balochistan Plateau 8201:Ministry of Finance 7205:Indo-Pakistani wars 7149:Partition of Bengal 6050:on 22 February 2006 5978:Balfour, E (1976). 5825:India Yearbook 2007 5718:. Indiagronet.com. 5595:Final Revised Paper 5556:2007HESS...11.1633P 5519:on 17 December 2008 5451:1977RSPTB.278..507J 5260:on 16 December 2008 5182:on 18 November 2018 4908:2018JHyd..567..489G 4658:on 20 November 2007 4636:. N.V. Publishers, 4632:Kaul, R.N. (1970). 4214:2000Natur.403..853M 4181:on 23 November 2018 4072:on 24 January 2009. 3197:rift in southwest, 3102:suite in the world. 2991:Topography of India 2694:World Heritage Site 2612:in Andhra Pradesh, 2198:in Andhra Pradesh. 2113:Andaman and Nicobar 1704:Indo-Gangetic plain 1674:Indo-Gangetic plain 1511:World Heritage Site 1384:) means valley. In 1338:Kolli Hills of the 1106:Indian subcontinent 818:Indo-Gangetic Plain 802:, Vindhayachal and 572:Political geography 436:Indo-Gangetic Plain 317:Lakshadweep Islands 82: / 57:Indian subcontinent 20: 10256:Geography of India 9502:Gandhamardan Hills 9472:Sulaiman Mountains 9170:Standard of living 8860:Telecommunications 8377:Financial services 8298:Atmanirbhar Bharat 8218:Finance Commission 7383:Biosphere reserves 7139:Bengal Renaissance 7127:Commander-in-Chief 7092:East India Company 6342:Geography of India 6095:Geography of India 5997:Allaby, M (1998). 5885:Geography of India 5351:on 7 November 2006 4957:(5468): 941a–942. 4839:The Times of India 4531:10.1007/BF03052185 4374:The Times of India 4264:on 31 January 2013 4257:The Times of India 4161:Literacy in Kerala 3957:Manorama Year Book 3687:The Times of India 3449:Manorama Year Book 3205:rift in northeast. 3007: 2993: 2948: 2917: 2846: 2752: 2733:Economic resources 2667: 2653: 2566:Ten Degree Channel 2527: 2387: 2248:petroleum products 2240: 2080: 1985: 1967: 1895: 1828:Indo-Gangetic belt 1700: 1684: 1655:strike-slip faults 1565:Mahanadi, Godavari 1370: 1355: 1347: 1096: 1088: 1072: 933:of the Indian and 862: 777: 603:Partition of India 503: 357:territorial waters 148:Total land borders 128: • Water 112: • Total 19:Geography of India 18: 10243: 10242: 10180:other territories 9870:Geography of Asia 9836: 9835: 9610:Indus River Delta 9349: 9348: 9345: 9344: 9341: 9340: 9035: 9034: 9031: 9030: 8580:Jammu and Kashmir 8206:Finance ministers 8149: 8148: 8145: 8144: 8137:Women in politics 8112:Political parties 8045: 8044: 8041: 8040: 7851:Chief Secretaries 7824:State governments 7819:Cabinet Secretary 7772:Foreign relations 7731: 7730: 7727: 7726: 7283: 7282: 7279: 7278: 7271:COVID-19 pandemic 7144:Political reforms 6764: 6763: 6308: 6307: 6285:Jammu and Kashmir 6257:Union territories 6117:Arunachal Pradesh 6018:Nash, JM (2002). 6003:. Facts on File. 5834:978-81-230-1423-4 5701:(India – Geology) 5081:Brahmaputra River 5067:978-1-878379-91-7 4841:. 3 February 2007 4815:. 1 February 2007 4496:978-16-1530-142-3 4294:978-90-481-3054-2 4208:(6772): 853–858. 4078:cite encyclopedia 4032:on 8 January 2009 3886:978-0-85229-760-5 3819:978-1-134-93384-6 3582:on 18 August 2017 3014:continental crust 2822:geothermal energy 2769:Kolar Gold Fields 2738:Minerals and ores 2630:Sasthamkotta Lake 2596:. There are four 2486:Arunachal Pradesh 2331:droughts in India 2214:Natural resources 2098:union territories 2023:southwest monsoon 2019:northeast monsoon 2005:in the east. The 1921:calcium carbonate 1730:Jammu and Kashmir 1050:, a village near 989:Garhwal Himalayas 954:Indomalayan realm 858:Garhwal Himalayas 761:Siliguri Corridor 733:Arunachal Pradesh 705:Arunachal Pradesh 697:Arunachal Pradesh 643:Jammu and Kashmir 619:Jammu and Kashmir 588:union territories 555:that created the 537:Cretaceous Period 533:Australian plates 287:on the west, the 263: 262: 120: • Land 10263: 10233: 10223: 10222: 10192:Christmas Island 9878:Sovereign states 9863: 9856: 9849: 9840: 9839: 9630:Coromandel Coast 9553:Pothohar Plateau 9477:Toba Kakar Range 9406: 9376: 9369: 9362: 9353: 9352: 9304:Physical culture 9125:Ethnic relations 9061: 9060: 9041: 9040: 9023:Mumbai Consensus 8575:Himachal Pradesh 8464:Numbering system 8454:Green revolution 8329:Historical Forex 8168: 8167: 8155: 8154: 8127:Scheduled groups 7930: 7929: 7866: 7865: 7750: 7749: 7737: 7736: 7719:Tourism in India 7714:History of India 7709:Culture of India 7319:Geology of India 7302: 7301: 7289: 7288: 7220:Naxal Insurgency 7215:White Revolution 7210:Green Revolution 6817: 6816: 6804: 6803: 6791: 6784: 6777: 6768: 6767: 6756:Tourism in India 6751:History of India 6741:Culture of India 6736:Climate of India 6609:Autonomous areas 6363:Geology of India 6335: 6328: 6321: 6312: 6311: 6152:Himachal Pradesh 6088: 6081: 6074: 6065: 6064: 6059: 6057: 6055: 6046:. Archived from 6035: 6014: 5993: 5974: 5955: 5936: 5917: 5898: 5879: 5877: 5875: 5838: 5811: 5801:Cratons of India 5798: 5792: 5782:Cratons of India 5779: 5773: 5772: 5770: 5768: 5749: 5732: 5731: 5729: 5727: 5712: 5706: 5705: 5695: 5676: 5675: 5673: 5671: 5651: 5645: 5644: 5642: 5640: 5631:. Archived from 5629:Channel NewsAsia 5621: 5615: 5614: 5605: 5599: 5591: 5585: 5577: 5567: 5550:(5): 1633–1644. 5535: 5529: 5528: 5526: 5524: 5515:. Archived from 5504: 5498: 5497: 5495: 5493: 5478: 5465: 5464: 5462: 5430: 5421: 5420: 5418: 5416: 5397: 5391: 5390: 5388: 5386: 5367: 5361: 5360: 5358: 5356: 5347:. Archived from 5337: 5331: 5330: 5328: 5326: 5307: 5301: 5300: 5298: 5296: 5281: 5270: 5269: 5267: 5265: 5250: 5237: 5232:Economic Times: 5229: 5223: 5217: 5211: 5198: 5192: 5191: 5189: 5187: 5178:. Archived from 5172: 5166: 5165: 5163: 5161: 5141: 5135: 5129: 5123: 5117: 5111: 5110: 5100: 5091: 5078: 5072: 5071: 5051: 5045: 5044: 5034: 5021: 5020: 5018: 5016: 5001: 4992: 4989: 4983: 4982: 4942: 4936: 4935: 4885: 4879: 4878: 4876: 4874: 4857: 4851: 4850: 4848: 4846: 4831: 4825: 4824: 4822: 4820: 4805: 4799: 4798: 4792: 4783: 4777: 4776: 4774: 4772: 4752: 4746: 4745: 4743: 4741: 4726: 4717: 4716: 4709: 4703: 4702: 4700: 4698: 4692: 4685: 4674: 4668: 4667: 4665: 4663: 4648: 4642: 4641: 4629: 4623: 4622: 4620: 4618: 4597: 4591: 4590: 4588: 4586: 4571: 4565: 4564: 4549: 4543: 4542: 4516: 4507: 4501: 4500: 4480: 4474: 4473: 4455: 4449: 4435: 4429: 4416: 4410: 4397: 4391: 4390: 4388: 4386: 4377:. Archived from 4364: 4358: 4357: 4355: 4353: 4332: 4326: 4325: 4324: 4322: 4305: 4299: 4298: 4280: 4274: 4273: 4271: 4269: 4248: 4242: 4241: 4222:10.1038/35002501 4197: 4191: 4190: 4188: 4186: 4177:. Archived from 4152: 4146: 4145: 4143: 4141: 4126: 4117: 4116: 4114: 4112: 4097: 4088: 4087: 4081: 4073: 4060: 4054: 4048: 4042: 4041: 4039: 4037: 4022: 4016: 4015: 4008: 3983: 3982: 3975: 3969: 3968: 3952: 3941: 3940: 3922: 3916: 3915: 3897: 3891: 3890: 3870: 3864: 3863: 3861: 3855:. Archived from 3854: 3846: 3840: 3833: 3827: 3826: 3803: 3797: 3792: 3786: 3781: 3775: 3770: 3764: 3763: 3761: 3759: 3740: 3734: 3733: 3731: 3729: 3709: 3703: 3702: 3700: 3698: 3679: 3673: 3672: 3666: 3658: 3656: 3654: 3634: 3628: 3623: 3617: 3612: 3606: 3605: 3599: 3591: 3589: 3587: 3578:. Archived from 3567: 3561: 3560: 3554: 3549: 3547: 3539: 3535: 3526: 3525: 3523: 3521: 3515: 3504: 3493: 3487: 3486: 3484: 3482: 3467: 3461: 3460: 3444: 3438: 3437: 3435: 3433: 3427: 3416: 3408: 3402: 3401: 3399: 3397: 3378: 3372: 3370: 3368: 3366: 3347: 3341: 3335: 3329: 3328: 3326: 3324: 3318: 3312:. Archived from 3311: 3303: 3267:Outline of India 3237:Borders of India 3232:Geology of India 3226: 3221: 3220: 3219: 2901:Geology of India 2876:Tropic of Cancer 2850:Climate of India 2802:Krishna-Godavari 2462:Gangotri Glacier 2364:National Highway 2229:Bhagirathi River 2032:Coromandel Coast 2001:in the south to 1909:Cholistan Desert 1852:intensely farmed 1601:Coromandel Coast 1599:, including the 1383: 1100:Peninsular India 1070:in central India 950:Palearctic realm 888: 879: 701:borders of India 685:Himachal Pradesh 507:Geology of India 501:The Indian Plate 329:maritime borders 249:(brackish water) 97: 96: 94: 93: 92: 87: 83: 80: 79: 78: 75: 60: 28: 21: 17: 10271: 10270: 10266: 10265: 10264: 10262: 10261: 10260: 10246: 10245: 10244: 10239: 10211: 10179: 10170: 10151:Northern Cyprus 10137: 10130: 9872: 9867: 9837: 9832: 9769: 9718: 9692: 9659: 9578: 9557: 9511: 9462:Anaimalai Hills 9402: 9386: 9380: 9350: 9337: 9309:Public holidays 9194: 9140:Life expectancy 9055: 9054: 9027: 8954: 8923: 8828:Pharmaceuticals 8659: 8528: 8468: 8434:COVID-19 impact 8420: 8372: 8302: 8189: 8162: 8141: 8073: 8037: 7979: 7919: 7915:District Courts 7855: 7846:Chief Ministers 7744: 7723: 7673: 7625: 7563: 7537:Western coastal 7532:Eastern coastal 7519:Mountain passes 7452: 7438:Protected areas 7364: 7360:Stones of India 7328: 7296: 7275: 7244: 7230:Space programme 7200:Sino-Indian War 7195:Five-Year Plans 7173: 7068: 7035: 7026:Delhi Sultanate 6992: 6983:Middle kingdoms 6976:Middle Kingdoms 6971: 6903: 6811: 6798: 6795: 6765: 6760: 6700: 6691:Protected Areas 6638: 6590: 6554:Northeast India 6528: 6522:Western Coastal 6517:Eastern Coastal 6482:Mountain passes 6408: 6404:Stones of India 6372: 6344: 6339: 6309: 6304: 6251: 6098: 6092: 6062: 6053: 6051: 6038: 6032: 6011: 5990: 5971: 5952: 5933: 5914: 5895: 5873: 5871: 5864: 5845: 5843:Further reading 5835: 5820: 5815: 5814: 5808:Wayback Machine 5799: 5795: 5789:Wayback Machine 5780: 5776: 5766: 5764: 5751: 5750: 5735: 5725: 5723: 5714: 5713: 5709: 5697: 5696: 5679: 5669: 5667: 5652: 5648: 5638: 5636: 5623: 5622: 5618: 5607: 5606: 5602: 5579: 5578: 5536: 5532: 5522: 5520: 5505: 5501: 5491: 5489: 5480: 5479: 5468: 5445:(962): 507–22. 5431: 5424: 5414: 5412: 5399: 5398: 5394: 5384: 5382: 5369: 5368: 5364: 5354: 5352: 5339: 5338: 5334: 5324: 5322: 5309: 5308: 5304: 5294: 5292: 5283: 5282: 5273: 5263: 5261: 5252: 5251: 5240: 5230: 5226: 5218: 5214: 5208:Wayback Machine 5199: 5195: 5185: 5183: 5174: 5173: 5169: 5159: 5157: 5156:on 8 March 2010 5146:"Rann of Kutch" 5142: 5138: 5130: 5126: 5118: 5114: 5102: 5101: 5094: 5088:Wayback Machine 5079: 5075: 5068: 5052: 5048: 5036: 5035: 5024: 5014: 5012: 5003: 5002: 4995: 4990: 4986: 4943: 4939: 4886: 4882: 4872: 4870: 4858: 4854: 4844: 4842: 4833: 4832: 4828: 4818: 4816: 4807: 4806: 4802: 4795:GermanWatch.org 4790: 4784: 4780: 4770: 4768: 4753: 4749: 4739: 4737: 4736:on 19 June 2010 4728: 4727: 4720: 4711: 4710: 4706: 4696: 4694: 4690: 4683: 4675: 4671: 4661: 4659: 4650: 4649: 4645: 4630: 4626: 4616: 4614: 4599: 4598: 4594: 4584: 4582: 4577:. geology.com. 4573: 4572: 4568: 4551: 4550: 4546: 4514: 4508: 4504: 4497: 4481: 4477: 4470: 4456: 4452: 4446:Wayback Machine 4436: 4432: 4426:Wayback Machine 4417: 4413: 4407:Wayback Machine 4398: 4394: 4384: 4382: 4365: 4361: 4351: 4349: 4336:"Western Ghats" 4334: 4333: 4329: 4320: 4318: 4307: 4306: 4302: 4295: 4281: 4277: 4267: 4265: 4250: 4249: 4245: 4198: 4194: 4184: 4182: 4175: 4153: 4149: 4139: 4137: 4130:"Western Ghats" 4128: 4127: 4120: 4110: 4108: 4099: 4098: 4091: 4075: 4074: 4062: 4061: 4057: 4049: 4045: 4035: 4033: 4024: 4023: 4019: 4010: 4009: 3986: 3977: 3976: 3972: 3954: 3953: 3944: 3937: 3923: 3919: 3912: 3902:Deccan Heritage 3898: 3894: 3887: 3871: 3867: 3859: 3852: 3848: 3847: 3843: 3834: 3830: 3820: 3804: 3800: 3793: 3789: 3782: 3778: 3771: 3767: 3757: 3755: 3742: 3741: 3737: 3727: 3725: 3710: 3706: 3696: 3694: 3689:. 6 June 2015. 3681: 3680: 3676: 3660: 3659: 3652: 3650: 3635: 3631: 3624: 3620: 3613: 3609: 3593: 3592: 3585: 3583: 3570:DelhiAugust 5. 3568: 3564: 3552: 3550: 3541: 3540: 3536: 3529: 3519: 3517: 3513: 3509:. p. 281. 3502: 3494: 3490: 3480: 3478: 3469: 3468: 3464: 3446: 3445: 3441: 3431: 3429: 3425: 3414: 3410: 3409: 3405: 3395: 3393: 3380: 3379: 3375: 3364: 3362: 3349: 3348: 3344: 3336: 3332: 3322: 3320: 3319:on 7 March 2018 3316: 3309: 3305: 3304: 3285: 3280: 3222: 3217: 3215: 3212: 3030:plate tectonics 3003:Mehrangarh Fort 2985: 2903: 2897: 2872:katabatic winds 2856: 2848:Main articles: 2834: 2818:thermal springs 2786: 2777: 2775:Renewable water 2740: 2735: 2722: 2638: 2357: 2355:Rivers of India 2351: 2335:coral bleaching 2295:Tibetan Plateau 2284: 2222: 2216: 2200:Salsette Island 2147:and there is a 2145:dormant volcano 2133:Nicobar Islands 2129:Andaman Islands 2086: 2072: 1991: 1952: 1901: 1884: 1732:in the west to 1714:alluvial plains 1706: 1676: 1504:Anaimalai Hills 1332: 1102: 1077: 1013:Siachen Glacier 997:katabatic winds 960:and Indonesia. 935:Eurasian plates 919: 913: 912: 911: 910: 891: 890: 889: 881: 880: 871: 870: 854:Kedarnath range 846: 782: 769: 635:Line of Control 580: 574: 557:Tibetan Plateau 509: 495: 289:Lakshadweep Sea 250: 245: 243: 230: 217: 205: 193: 188: 186: 181: 179: 174: 172: 167: 165: 160: 158: 153: 151: 90: 88: 84: 81: 76: 73: 71: 69: 68: 54: 53: 12: 11: 5: 10269: 10259: 10258: 10241: 10240: 10238: 10237: 10227: 10216: 10213: 10212: 10210: 10209: 10204: 10199: 10194: 10189: 10183: 10181: 10172: 10171: 10169: 10168: 10163: 10158: 10153: 10148: 10142: 10140: 10132: 10131: 10129: 10128: 10123: 10118: 10113: 10108: 10103: 10098: 10093: 10088: 10083: 10078: 10073: 10068: 10063: 10058: 10053: 10048: 10043: 10038: 10033: 10028: 10023: 10018: 10013: 10008: 10003: 9998: 9993: 9988: 9983: 9978: 9973: 9968: 9963: 9958: 9953: 9948: 9943: 9938: 9933: 9928: 9923: 9918: 9913: 9908: 9903: 9898: 9893: 9888: 9882: 9880: 9874: 9873: 9866: 9865: 9858: 9851: 9843: 9834: 9833: 9831: 9830: 9829: 9828: 9827: 9826: 9821: 9816: 9801: 9796: 9791: 9786: 9780: 9778: 9771: 9770: 9768: 9767: 9762: 9757: 9752: 9747: 9742: 9737: 9732: 9726: 9724: 9720: 9719: 9717: 9716: 9711: 9706: 9700: 9698: 9694: 9693: 9691: 9690: 9685: 9684: 9683: 9678: 9667: 9665: 9661: 9660: 9658: 9657: 9652: 9647: 9642: 9637: 9632: 9627: 9622: 9617: 9612: 9607: 9602: 9597: 9592: 9586: 9584: 9580: 9579: 9577: 9576: 9571: 9565: 9563: 9559: 9558: 9556: 9555: 9550: 9545: 9543:Mysore Plateau 9540: 9538:Ladakh Plateau 9535: 9533:Deccan Plateau 9530: 9525: 9519: 9517: 9513: 9512: 9510: 9509: 9504: 9499: 9494: 9489: 9484: 9479: 9474: 9469: 9467:Cardamom Hills 9464: 9459: 9454: 9452:Himachal Range 9449: 9447:Shivalik Hills 9444: 9439: 9434: 9429: 9424: 9422:Aravalli Range 9419: 9414: 9409: 9408: 9407: 9394: 9392: 9388: 9387: 9379: 9378: 9371: 9364: 9356: 9347: 9346: 9343: 9342: 9339: 9338: 9336: 9335: 9334: 9333: 9323: 9322: 9321: 9311: 9306: 9301: 9296: 9291: 9286: 9285: 9284: 9274: 9269: 9264: 9259: 9254: 9249: 9248: 9247: 9237: 9236: 9235: 9225: 9220: 9215: 9210: 9204: 9202: 9196: 9195: 9193: 9192: 9187: 9182: 9177: 9172: 9167: 9162: 9157: 9152: 9147: 9142: 9137: 9132: 9127: 9122: 9121: 9120: 9115: 9110: 9105: 9095: 9094: 9093: 9083: 9078: 9073: 9067: 9065: 9057: 9056: 9053: 9052: 9045: 9037: 9036: 9033: 9032: 9029: 9028: 9026: 9025: 9020: 9015: 9010: 9005: 9000: 8998:Income Tax Act 8995: 8990: 8985: 8980: 8975: 8974: 8973: 8962: 8960: 8956: 8955: 8953: 8952: 8947: 8942: 8937: 8931: 8929: 8925: 8924: 8922: 8921: 8920: 8919: 8914: 8909: 8904: 8899: 8894: 8889: 8888: 8887: 8872: 8867: 8862: 8857: 8852: 8851: 8850: 8840: 8835: 8833:Pulp and paper 8830: 8825: 8824: 8823: 8821:Iron and Steel 8818: 8808: 8807: 8806: 8801: 8796: 8791: 8781: 8776: 8775: 8774: 8764: 8759: 8754: 8749: 8744: 8743: 8742: 8741: 8740: 8735: 8730: 8725: 8710: 8705: 8700: 8695: 8690: 8685: 8684: 8683: 8678: 8667: 8665: 8661: 8660: 8658: 8657: 8652: 8647: 8642: 8637: 8632: 8627: 8622: 8617: 8612: 8607: 8605:Madhya Pradesh 8602: 8597: 8592: 8587: 8582: 8577: 8572: 8567: 8562: 8557: 8552: 8547: 8542: 8540:Andhra Pradesh 8536: 8534: 8530: 8529: 8527: 8526: 8525: 8524: 8519: 8514: 8504: 8499: 8498: 8497: 8487: 8482: 8476: 8474: 8470: 8469: 8467: 8466: 8461: 8456: 8451: 8446: 8444:Liberalisation 8441: 8436: 8430: 8428: 8422: 8421: 8419: 8418: 8417: 8416: 8411: 8401: 8396: 8391: 8386: 8380: 8378: 8374: 8373: 8371: 8370: 8365: 8364: 8363: 8358: 8348: 8347: 8346: 8341: 8336: 8331: 8326: 8321: 8310: 8308: 8304: 8303: 8301: 8300: 8295: 8290: 8285: 8280: 8275: 8270: 8265: 8260: 8255: 8250: 8245: 8240: 8235: 8230: 8225: 8220: 8215: 8210: 8209: 8208: 8197: 8195: 8191: 8190: 8188: 8187: 8182: 8176: 8174: 8164: 8163: 8151: 8150: 8147: 8146: 8143: 8142: 8140: 8139: 8134: 8129: 8124: 8119: 8114: 8109: 8104: 8099: 8094: 8089: 8083: 8081: 8075: 8074: 8072: 8071: 8066: 8061: 8055: 8053: 8047: 8046: 8043: 8042: 8039: 8038: 8036: 8035: 8030: 8025: 8020: 8015: 8010: 8005: 8000: 7995: 7989: 7987: 7981: 7980: 7978: 7977: 7972: 7967: 7962: 7957: 7952: 7947: 7942: 7936: 7934: 7927: 7921: 7920: 7918: 7917: 7912: 7907: 7902: 7897: 7896: 7895: 7885: 7880: 7875: 7869: 7863: 7857: 7856: 7854: 7853: 7848: 7843: 7838: 7837: 7836: 7831: 7821: 7816: 7814:Civil Services 7811: 7806: 7804:Prime Minister 7801: 7799:Vice President 7796: 7791: 7790: 7789: 7784: 7774: 7769: 7764: 7758: 7756: 7746: 7745: 7733: 7732: 7729: 7728: 7725: 7724: 7722: 7721: 7716: 7711: 7706: 7701: 7695:Nature worship 7692: 7687: 7681: 7679: 7675: 7674: 7672: 7671: 7666: 7664:Municipalities 7661: 7656: 7651: 7646: 7641: 7635: 7633: 7627: 7626: 7624: 7623: 7618: 7617: 7616: 7611: 7601: 7596: 7595: 7594: 7584: 7579: 7573: 7571: 7565: 7564: 7562: 7561: 7556: 7551: 7546: 7541: 7540: 7539: 7534: 7529: 7521: 7516: 7511: 7506: 7501: 7496: 7491: 7489:Extreme points 7486: 7481: 7476: 7471: 7466: 7460: 7458: 7454: 7453: 7451: 7450: 7445: 7440: 7435: 7433:National parks 7430: 7425: 7420: 7415: 7410: 7405: 7400: 7395: 7393:Climate change 7390: 7385: 7380: 7374: 7372: 7366: 7365: 7363: 7362: 7357: 7352: 7347: 7342: 7336: 7334: 7330: 7329: 7327: 7326: 7321: 7316: 7310: 7308: 7298: 7297: 7285: 7284: 7281: 7280: 7277: 7276: 7274: 7273: 7268: 7263: 7258: 7252: 7250: 7246: 7245: 7243: 7242: 7237: 7232: 7227: 7225:Smiling Buddha 7222: 7217: 7212: 7207: 7202: 7197: 7192: 7187: 7181: 7179: 7175: 7174: 7172: 7171: 7166: 7161: 7156: 7151: 7146: 7141: 7136: 7131: 7130: 7129: 7119: 7114: 7109: 7104: 7102:1857 rebellion 7099: 7094: 7089: 7087:Princely state 7084: 7078: 7076: 7070: 7069: 7067: 7066: 7061: 7059:European trade 7056: 7051: 7045: 7043: 7037: 7036: 7034: 7033: 7028: 7023: 7018: 7013: 7008: 7006:Medieval India 7002: 7000: 6994: 6993: 6991: 6990: 6985: 6979: 6977: 6973: 6972: 6970: 6969: 6964: 6959: 6954: 6949: 6944: 6942:Yavana Kingdom 6939: 6934: 6929: 6924: 6919: 6913: 6911: 6905: 6904: 6902: 6901: 6896: 6891: 6889:Paper currency 6886: 6881: 6876: 6871: 6866: 6861: 6856: 6851: 6846: 6841: 6835: 6834: 6829: 6823: 6821: 6813: 6812: 6800: 6799: 6794: 6793: 6786: 6779: 6771: 6762: 6761: 6759: 6758: 6753: 6748: 6743: 6738: 6733: 6728: 6722:Nature worship 6719: 6714: 6708: 6706: 6702: 6701: 6699: 6698: 6693: 6688: 6683: 6678: 6673: 6668: 6663: 6658: 6652: 6650: 6640: 6639: 6637: 6636: 6634:Municipalities 6631: 6626: 6621: 6616: 6611: 6606: 6600: 6598: 6592: 6591: 6589: 6588: 6583: 6578: 6577: 6576: 6571: 6561: 6556: 6551: 6550: 6549: 6538: 6536: 6530: 6529: 6527: 6526: 6525: 6524: 6519: 6514: 6504: 6499: 6494: 6489: 6484: 6479: 6474: 6469: 6464: 6459: 6454: 6452:Extreme points 6449: 6444: 6439: 6434: 6429: 6424: 6418: 6416: 6410: 6409: 6407: 6406: 6401: 6396: 6391: 6386: 6380: 6378: 6374: 6373: 6371: 6370: 6365: 6360: 6354: 6352: 6346: 6345: 6338: 6337: 6330: 6323: 6315: 6306: 6305: 6303: 6302: 6297: 6292: 6287: 6282: 6277: 6272: 6267: 6261: 6259: 6253: 6252: 6250: 6249: 6244: 6239: 6234: 6229: 6224: 6219: 6214: 6209: 6204: 6199: 6194: 6189: 6184: 6179: 6174: 6172:Madhya Pradesh 6169: 6164: 6159: 6154: 6149: 6144: 6139: 6134: 6129: 6124: 6119: 6114: 6112:Andhra Pradesh 6108: 6106: 6100: 6099: 6091: 6090: 6083: 6076: 6068: 6061: 6060: 6036: 6030: 6015: 6009: 5994: 5988: 5975: 5970:978-0143333661 5969: 5956: 5951:978-9402400298 5950: 5937: 5932:978-0863117510 5931: 5918: 5913:978-1138290723 5912: 5899: 5894:978-8170223849 5893: 5880: 5863:978-8185273181 5862: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5840: 5839: 5833: 5819: 5816: 5813: 5812: 5793: 5774: 5733: 5707: 5704:. p. 521. 5677: 5646: 5635:on 21 May 2016 5616: 5600: 5530: 5499: 5488:on 9 June 2007 5466: 5422: 5392: 5362: 5332: 5302: 5271: 5238: 5224: 5212: 5193: 5167: 5136: 5132:India Yearbook 5124: 5120:India Yearbook 5112: 5109:. p. 580. 5092: 5073: 5066: 5046: 5043:. p. 518. 5022: 5011:on 9 July 2012 4993: 4984: 4937: 4880: 4852: 4826: 4800: 4778: 4747: 4718: 4715:. p. 519. 4704: 4669: 4643: 4624: 4592: 4566: 4544: 4525:(5): 200–205. 4502: 4495: 4475: 4468: 4450: 4430: 4411: 4392: 4381:on 7 July 2012 4359: 4327: 4300: 4293: 4275: 4243: 4192: 4173: 4157:"Introduction" 4147: 4118: 4089: 4055: 4043: 4017: 4014:. p. 517. 3984: 3970: 3942: 3935: 3917: 3910: 3892: 3885: 3865: 3841: 3828: 3818: 3798: 3787: 3776: 3765: 3735: 3704: 3674: 3629: 3618: 3607: 3562: 3553:|journal= 3527: 3488: 3462: 3439: 3403: 3373: 3342: 3338:India Yearbook 3330: 3282: 3281: 3279: 3276: 3275: 3274: 3269: 3264: 3259: 3254: 3249: 3244: 3239: 3234: 3228: 3227: 3211: 3208: 3207: 3206: 3172: 3165:Andhra Pradesh 3153: 3134:Dharwar Craton 3131: 3115:Madhya Pradesh 3103: 2984: 2981: 2899:Main article: 2896: 2893: 2833: 2830: 2820:for producing 2785: 2782: 2776: 2773: 2771:in Karnataka. 2739: 2736: 2734: 2731: 2721: 2718: 2637: 2634: 2586:Point Calimere 2558:Gulf of Mannar 2550:Gulf of Cambay 2531:Godavari River 2520:Godavari River 2410: 2409: 2406: 2403: 2353:Main article: 2350: 2347: 2291:climate change 2283: 2280: 2218:Main article: 2215: 2212: 2196:barrier island 2188:Bombay Harbour 2165:Mount Thullier 2071: 2068: 1987:Main article: 1963:Andhra Pradesh 1951: 1950:Coastal plains 1948: 1897:Main article: 1883: 1880: 1824: 1823: 1816: 1809: 1801: 1781:, such as the 1702:Main article: 1675: 1672: 1671: 1670: 1613:supercontinent 1597:coastal plains 1593:Wayanad region 1581:Andhra Pradesh 1554: 1457:Deccan Plateau 1451:also known as 1367:Andhra Pradesh 1331: 1328: 1327: 1326: 1325: 1324: 1319:, part of the 1307:is located in 1302: 1278:Deccan Plateau 1274: 1249: 1229: 1228: 1227: 1208:Madhya Pradesh 1195: 1174: 1141:, ending near 1076: 1073: 1060: 1059: 1024: 969:peaks in India 958:Southeast Asia 915:Main article: 893: 892: 883: 882: 874: 873: 872: 866: 865: 864: 863: 845: 842: 841: 840: 829: 826: 821: 815: 812:Deccan Plateau 796: 781: 778: 768: 765: 639:Kashmir region 599:Radcliffe Line 576:Main article: 573: 570: 565:Eurasian Plate 549:Eurasian Plate 517:tectonic plate 505:Main article: 494: 491: 455:Deccan Plateau 361:nautical miles 305:Gulf of Mannar 261: 260: 257: 253: 252: 237: 233: 232: 224: 220: 219: 212: 208: 207: 200: 196: 195: 145: 141: 140: 137: 133: 132: 129: 125: 124: 121: 117: 116: 113: 109: 108: 103: 99: 98: 66: 62: 61: 51:Southeast Asia 44: 40: 39: 34: 30: 29: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10268: 10257: 10254: 10253: 10251: 10236: 10232: 10228: 10226: 10218: 10217: 10214: 10208: 10205: 10203: 10200: 10198: 10195: 10193: 10190: 10188: 10185: 10184: 10182: 10177: 10173: 10167: 10164: 10162: 10161:South Ossetia 10159: 10157: 10154: 10152: 10149: 10147: 10144: 10143: 10141: 10139: 10133: 10127: 10124: 10122: 10119: 10117: 10114: 10112: 10109: 10107: 10104: 10102: 10099: 10097: 10094: 10092: 10089: 10087: 10084: 10082: 10079: 10077: 10074: 10072: 10069: 10067: 10064: 10062: 10059: 10057: 10054: 10052: 10049: 10047: 10044: 10042: 10039: 10037: 10034: 10032: 10029: 10027: 10024: 10022: 10019: 10017: 10014: 10012: 10009: 10007: 10004: 10002: 9999: 9997: 9994: 9992: 9989: 9987: 9984: 9982: 9979: 9977: 9974: 9972: 9969: 9967: 9964: 9962: 9959: 9957: 9954: 9952: 9949: 9947: 9944: 9942: 9939: 9937: 9934: 9932: 9929: 9927: 9924: 9922: 9919: 9917: 9914: 9912: 9909: 9907: 9904: 9902: 9899: 9897: 9894: 9892: 9889: 9887: 9884: 9883: 9881: 9879: 9875: 9871: 9864: 9859: 9857: 9852: 9850: 9845: 9844: 9841: 9825: 9822: 9820: 9817: 9815: 9812: 9811: 9810: 9807: 9806: 9805: 9802: 9800: 9797: 9795: 9792: 9790: 9787: 9785: 9782: 9781: 9779: 9777: 9772: 9766: 9763: 9761: 9758: 9756: 9753: 9751: 9748: 9746: 9743: 9741: 9738: 9736: 9733: 9731: 9728: 9727: 9725: 9721: 9715: 9712: 9710: 9707: 9705: 9702: 9701: 9699: 9695: 9689: 9686: 9682: 9679: 9677: 9674: 9673: 9672: 9671:Coastal India 9669: 9668: 9666: 9662: 9656: 9653: 9651: 9648: 9646: 9645:Rann of Kutch 9643: 9641: 9638: 9636: 9633: 9631: 9628: 9626: 9623: 9621: 9618: 9616: 9613: 9611: 9608: 9606: 9603: 9601: 9598: 9596: 9593: 9591: 9588: 9587: 9585: 9581: 9575: 9572: 9570: 9567: 9566: 9564: 9560: 9554: 9551: 9549: 9546: 9544: 9541: 9539: 9536: 9534: 9531: 9529: 9526: 9524: 9521: 9520: 9518: 9514: 9508: 9505: 9503: 9500: 9498: 9495: 9493: 9490: 9488: 9485: 9483: 9480: 9478: 9475: 9473: 9470: 9468: 9465: 9463: 9460: 9458: 9455: 9453: 9450: 9448: 9445: 9443: 9440: 9438: 9437:Satpura Range 9435: 9433: 9432:Vindhya Range 9430: 9428: 9425: 9423: 9420: 9418: 9417:Eastern Ghats 9415: 9413: 9412:Western Ghats 9410: 9405: 9404:Mount Everest 9401: 9400: 9399: 9396: 9395: 9393: 9389: 9385: 9382:Geography of 9377: 9372: 9370: 9365: 9363: 9358: 9357: 9354: 9332: 9329: 9328: 9327: 9324: 9320: 9317: 9316: 9315: 9312: 9310: 9307: 9305: 9302: 9300: 9297: 9295: 9292: 9290: 9287: 9283: 9280: 9279: 9278: 9275: 9273: 9270: 9268: 9265: 9263: 9260: 9258: 9255: 9253: 9250: 9246: 9243: 9242: 9241: 9238: 9234: 9231: 9230: 9229: 9226: 9224: 9221: 9219: 9216: 9214: 9211: 9209: 9206: 9205: 9203: 9201: 9197: 9191: 9188: 9186: 9183: 9181: 9178: 9176: 9173: 9171: 9168: 9166: 9163: 9161: 9158: 9156: 9153: 9151: 9148: 9146: 9143: 9141: 9138: 9136: 9133: 9131: 9128: 9126: 9123: 9119: 9116: 9114: 9111: 9109: 9106: 9104: 9101: 9100: 9099: 9096: 9092: 9089: 9088: 9087: 9084: 9082: 9079: 9077: 9074: 9072: 9069: 9068: 9066: 9062: 9058: 9051: 9047: 9046: 9042: 9038: 9024: 9021: 9019: 9016: 9014: 9013:Insurance Act 9011: 9009: 9006: 9004: 9003:Companies Act 9001: 8999: 8996: 8994: 8991: 8989: 8986: 8984: 8981: 8979: 8976: 8972: 8969: 8968: 8967: 8964: 8963: 8961: 8957: 8951: 8948: 8946: 8943: 8941: 8938: 8936: 8933: 8932: 8930: 8926: 8918: 8915: 8913: 8910: 8908: 8905: 8903: 8900: 8898: 8895: 8893: 8890: 8886: 8883: 8882: 8881: 8878: 8877: 8876: 8873: 8871: 8868: 8866: 8863: 8861: 8858: 8856: 8853: 8849: 8848:Biotechnology 8846: 8845: 8844: 8841: 8839: 8836: 8834: 8831: 8829: 8826: 8822: 8819: 8817: 8814: 8813: 8812: 8809: 8805: 8802: 8800: 8797: 8795: 8792: 8790: 8787: 8786: 8785: 8782: 8780: 8777: 8773: 8770: 8769: 8768: 8765: 8763: 8760: 8758: 8755: 8753: 8752:Entertainment 8750: 8748: 8745: 8739: 8736: 8734: 8731: 8729: 8726: 8724: 8721: 8720: 8719: 8716: 8715: 8714: 8711: 8709: 8706: 8704: 8701: 8699: 8696: 8694: 8691: 8689: 8686: 8682: 8679: 8677: 8674: 8673: 8672: 8669: 8668: 8666: 8662: 8656: 8653: 8651: 8650:Uttar Pradesh 8648: 8646: 8643: 8641: 8638: 8636: 8633: 8631: 8628: 8626: 8623: 8621: 8618: 8616: 8613: 8611: 8608: 8606: 8603: 8601: 8598: 8596: 8593: 8591: 8588: 8586: 8583: 8581: 8578: 8576: 8573: 8571: 8568: 8566: 8563: 8561: 8558: 8556: 8553: 8551: 8548: 8546: 8543: 8541: 8538: 8537: 8535: 8531: 8523: 8520: 8518: 8515: 8513: 8510: 8509: 8508: 8505: 8503: 8500: 8496: 8493: 8492: 8491: 8488: 8486: 8483: 8481: 8478: 8477: 8475: 8471: 8465: 8462: 8460: 8457: 8455: 8452: 8450: 8447: 8445: 8442: 8440: 8437: 8435: 8432: 8431: 8429: 8427: 8423: 8415: 8412: 8410: 8407: 8406: 8405: 8402: 8400: 8397: 8395: 8392: 8390: 8387: 8385: 8382: 8381: 8379: 8375: 8369: 8366: 8362: 8359: 8357: 8354: 8353: 8352: 8349: 8345: 8342: 8340: 8337: 8335: 8334:Digital rupee 8332: 8330: 8327: 8325: 8322: 8320: 8317: 8316: 8315: 8312: 8311: 8309: 8305: 8299: 8296: 8294: 8293:Make in India 8291: 8289: 8286: 8284: 8281: 8279: 8276: 8274: 8271: 8269: 8266: 8264: 8261: 8259: 8256: 8254: 8251: 8249: 8248:Foreign trade 8246: 8244: 8243:External debt 8241: 8239: 8236: 8234: 8231: 8229: 8226: 8224: 8221: 8219: 8216: 8214: 8211: 8207: 8204: 8203: 8202: 8199: 8198: 8196: 8192: 8186: 8183: 8181: 8178: 8177: 8175: 8173: 8169: 8165: 8161: 8156: 8152: 8138: 8135: 8133: 8130: 8128: 8125: 8123: 8120: 8118: 8115: 8113: 8110: 8108: 8105: 8103: 8100: 8098: 8095: 8093: 8090: 8088: 8085: 8084: 8082: 8080: 8076: 8070: 8067: 8065: 8062: 8060: 8057: 8056: 8054: 8052: 8048: 8034: 8031: 8029: 8026: 8024: 8021: 8019: 8016: 8014: 8011: 8009: 8006: 8004: 8001: 7999: 7996: 7994: 7991: 7990: 7988: 7986: 7982: 7976: 7973: 7971: 7968: 7966: 7963: 7961: 7958: 7956: 7953: 7951: 7948: 7946: 7943: 7941: 7938: 7937: 7935: 7931: 7928: 7926: 7922: 7916: 7913: 7911: 7908: 7906: 7905:Chief Justice 7903: 7901: 7900:Supreme Court 7898: 7894: 7891: 7890: 7889: 7886: 7884: 7881: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7870: 7867: 7864: 7862: 7858: 7852: 7849: 7847: 7844: 7842: 7839: 7835: 7832: 7830: 7827: 7826: 7825: 7822: 7820: 7817: 7815: 7812: 7810: 7807: 7805: 7802: 7800: 7797: 7795: 7792: 7788: 7785: 7783: 7780: 7779: 7778: 7775: 7773: 7770: 7768: 7767:Energy policy 7765: 7763: 7760: 7759: 7757: 7755: 7751: 7747: 7743: 7738: 7734: 7720: 7717: 7715: 7712: 7710: 7707: 7705: 7702: 7700: 7696: 7693: 7691: 7688: 7686: 7683: 7682: 7680: 7676: 7670: 7667: 7665: 7662: 7660: 7657: 7655: 7652: 7650: 7647: 7645: 7642: 7640: 7637: 7636: 7634: 7632: 7628: 7622: 7619: 7615: 7612: 7610: 7607: 7606: 7605: 7602: 7600: 7597: 7593: 7590: 7589: 7588: 7585: 7583: 7580: 7578: 7575: 7574: 7572: 7570: 7566: 7560: 7557: 7555: 7552: 7550: 7547: 7545: 7542: 7538: 7535: 7533: 7530: 7528: 7527:Indo-Gangetic 7525: 7524: 7522: 7520: 7517: 7515: 7512: 7510: 7507: 7505: 7502: 7500: 7497: 7495: 7492: 7490: 7487: 7485: 7482: 7480: 7477: 7475: 7472: 7470: 7467: 7465: 7462: 7461: 7459: 7455: 7449: 7446: 7444: 7441: 7439: 7436: 7434: 7431: 7429: 7426: 7424: 7421: 7419: 7416: 7414: 7411: 7409: 7406: 7404: 7401: 7399: 7396: 7394: 7391: 7389: 7386: 7384: 7381: 7379: 7376: 7375: 7373: 7371: 7367: 7361: 7358: 7356: 7353: 7351: 7348: 7346: 7343: 7341: 7338: 7337: 7335: 7331: 7325: 7322: 7320: 7317: 7315: 7312: 7311: 7309: 7307: 7303: 7299: 7295: 7290: 7286: 7272: 7269: 7267: 7264: 7262: 7259: 7257: 7254: 7253: 7251: 7247: 7241: 7238: 7236: 7235:The Emergency 7233: 7231: 7228: 7226: 7223: 7221: 7218: 7216: 7213: 7211: 7208: 7206: 7203: 7201: 7198: 7196: 7193: 7191: 7188: 7186: 7183: 7182: 7180: 7176: 7170: 7167: 7165: 7162: 7160: 7157: 7155: 7152: 7150: 7147: 7145: 7142: 7140: 7137: 7135: 7132: 7128: 7125: 7124: 7123: 7120: 7118: 7115: 7113: 7110: 7108: 7105: 7103: 7100: 7098: 7095: 7093: 7090: 7088: 7085: 7083: 7080: 7079: 7077: 7075: 7071: 7065: 7062: 7060: 7057: 7055: 7052: 7050: 7047: 7046: 7044: 7042: 7038: 7032: 7029: 7027: 7024: 7022: 7019: 7017: 7014: 7012: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7003: 7001: 6999: 6995: 6989: 6986: 6984: 6981: 6980: 6978: 6974: 6968: 6965: 6963: 6960: 6958: 6957:Kushan Empire 6955: 6953: 6950: 6948: 6945: 6943: 6940: 6938: 6935: 6933: 6932:Mahajanapadas 6930: 6928: 6925: 6923: 6920: 6918: 6915: 6914: 6912: 6910: 6906: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6892: 6890: 6887: 6885: 6882: 6880: 6877: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6855: 6852: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6840: 6837: 6836: 6833: 6830: 6828: 6825: 6824: 6822: 6818: 6814: 6810: 6805: 6801: 6792: 6787: 6785: 6780: 6778: 6773: 6772: 6769: 6757: 6754: 6752: 6749: 6747: 6744: 6742: 6739: 6737: 6734: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6723: 6720: 6718: 6715: 6713: 6710: 6709: 6707: 6703: 6697: 6694: 6692: 6689: 6687: 6684: 6682: 6679: 6677: 6674: 6672: 6669: 6667: 6664: 6662: 6659: 6657: 6654: 6653: 6651: 6649: 6645: 6641: 6635: 6632: 6630: 6627: 6625: 6622: 6620: 6617: 6615: 6612: 6610: 6607: 6605: 6602: 6601: 6599: 6597: 6593: 6587: 6586:Central India 6584: 6582: 6579: 6575: 6572: 6570: 6567: 6566: 6565: 6562: 6560: 6557: 6555: 6552: 6548: 6545: 6544: 6543: 6540: 6539: 6537: 6535: 6531: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6515: 6513: 6512:Indo-Gangetic 6510: 6509: 6508: 6505: 6503: 6500: 6498: 6495: 6493: 6490: 6488: 6485: 6483: 6480: 6478: 6475: 6473: 6470: 6468: 6465: 6463: 6460: 6458: 6455: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6433: 6430: 6428: 6425: 6423: 6420: 6419: 6417: 6415: 6411: 6405: 6402: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6392: 6390: 6387: 6385: 6382: 6381: 6379: 6375: 6369: 6366: 6364: 6361: 6359: 6356: 6355: 6353: 6351: 6347: 6343: 6336: 6331: 6329: 6324: 6322: 6317: 6316: 6313: 6301: 6298: 6296: 6293: 6291: 6288: 6286: 6283: 6281: 6278: 6276: 6273: 6271: 6268: 6266: 6263: 6262: 6260: 6258: 6254: 6248: 6245: 6243: 6240: 6238: 6237:Uttar Pradesh 6235: 6233: 6230: 6228: 6225: 6223: 6220: 6218: 6215: 6213: 6210: 6208: 6205: 6203: 6200: 6198: 6195: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6185: 6183: 6180: 6178: 6175: 6173: 6170: 6168: 6165: 6163: 6160: 6158: 6155: 6153: 6150: 6148: 6145: 6143: 6140: 6138: 6135: 6133: 6130: 6128: 6125: 6123: 6120: 6118: 6115: 6113: 6110: 6109: 6107: 6105: 6101: 6096: 6089: 6084: 6082: 6077: 6075: 6070: 6069: 6066: 6049: 6045: 6041: 6037: 6033: 6031:0-446-52481-6 6027: 6023: 6022: 6016: 6012: 6010:0-8160-3520-2 6006: 6002: 6001: 5995: 5991: 5989:81-7020-325-2 5985: 5981: 5976: 5972: 5966: 5962: 5957: 5953: 5947: 5943: 5938: 5934: 5928: 5924: 5919: 5915: 5909: 5905: 5900: 5896: 5890: 5886: 5881: 5869: 5865: 5859: 5855: 5854: 5848: 5847: 5836: 5830: 5826: 5822: 5821: 5809: 5805: 5802: 5797: 5790: 5786: 5783: 5778: 5762: 5758: 5754: 5748: 5746: 5744: 5742: 5740: 5738: 5721: 5717: 5711: 5703: 5700: 5694: 5692: 5690: 5688: 5686: 5684: 5682: 5665: 5661: 5657: 5650: 5634: 5630: 5626: 5620: 5612: 5611: 5604: 5598: 5596: 5589: 5583: 5575: 5571: 5566: 5561: 5557: 5553: 5549: 5545: 5541: 5534: 5518: 5514: 5510: 5503: 5487: 5483: 5477: 5475: 5473: 5471: 5461: 5456: 5452: 5448: 5444: 5440: 5436: 5429: 5427: 5410: 5406: 5402: 5396: 5380: 5376: 5372: 5366: 5350: 5346: 5342: 5336: 5320: 5316: 5312: 5306: 5290: 5286: 5280: 5278: 5276: 5259: 5255: 5249: 5247: 5245: 5243: 5236: 5235: 5228: 5221: 5216: 5209: 5205: 5202: 5197: 5181: 5177: 5171: 5155: 5151: 5147: 5140: 5133: 5128: 5121: 5116: 5108: 5105: 5099: 5097: 5089: 5085: 5082: 5077: 5069: 5063: 5059: 5058: 5050: 5042: 5039: 5033: 5031: 5029: 5027: 5010: 5006: 5000: 4998: 4988: 4980: 4976: 4972: 4968: 4964: 4960: 4956: 4952: 4948: 4941: 4933: 4929: 4925: 4921: 4917: 4913: 4909: 4905: 4901: 4897: 4896: 4891: 4884: 4869: 4868: 4867:Tribune India 4863: 4856: 4840: 4836: 4830: 4814: 4810: 4804: 4796: 4789: 4782: 4766: 4762: 4758: 4751: 4735: 4731: 4725: 4723: 4714: 4708: 4689: 4682: 4681: 4673: 4657: 4653: 4647: 4639: 4635: 4628: 4612: 4608: 4607: 4602: 4601:"Thar Desert" 4596: 4580: 4576: 4570: 4562: 4558: 4554: 4548: 4540: 4536: 4532: 4528: 4524: 4520: 4513: 4506: 4498: 4492: 4488: 4487: 4479: 4471: 4469:81-87498-49-8 4465: 4461: 4454: 4447: 4443: 4440: 4434: 4427: 4423: 4420: 4415: 4408: 4404: 4401: 4396: 4380: 4376: 4375: 4370: 4363: 4347: 4343: 4342: 4337: 4331: 4316: 4312: 4311: 4304: 4296: 4290: 4286: 4279: 4263: 4259: 4258: 4253: 4247: 4239: 4235: 4231: 4227: 4223: 4219: 4215: 4211: 4207: 4203: 4196: 4180: 4176: 4174:0-86389-068-7 4170: 4166: 4162: 4158: 4151: 4135: 4131: 4125: 4123: 4106: 4102: 4096: 4094: 4085: 4079: 4071: 4067: 4066: 4059: 4052: 4051:Ghati meaning 4047: 4031: 4027: 4021: 4013: 4007: 4005: 4003: 4001: 3999: 3997: 3995: 3993: 3991: 3989: 3980: 3974: 3966: 3962: 3958: 3951: 3949: 3947: 3938: 3936:81-7022-041-6 3932: 3928: 3921: 3913: 3911:81-7371-285-9 3907: 3903: 3896: 3888: 3882: 3878: 3877: 3869: 3858: 3851: 3845: 3838: 3832: 3825: 3821: 3815: 3811: 3810: 3802: 3796: 3791: 3785: 3780: 3774: 3769: 3753: 3749: 3745: 3739: 3723: 3719: 3715: 3708: 3692: 3688: 3684: 3678: 3670: 3664: 3648: 3644: 3640: 3633: 3627: 3622: 3616: 3611: 3603: 3597: 3581: 3577: 3573: 3566: 3558: 3545: 3534: 3532: 3512: 3508: 3501: 3500: 3492: 3476: 3472: 3466: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3443: 3424: 3420: 3413: 3407: 3391: 3387: 3383: 3377: 3360: 3356: 3352: 3346: 3339: 3334: 3315: 3308: 3302: 3300: 3298: 3296: 3294: 3292: 3290: 3288: 3283: 3273: 3270: 3268: 3265: 3263: 3260: 3258: 3255: 3253: 3250: 3248: 3245: 3243: 3240: 3238: 3235: 3233: 3230: 3229: 3225: 3214: 3204: 3200: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3184: 3181: 3177: 3173: 3170: 3166: 3162: 3158: 3154: 3151: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3132: 3129: 3125: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3111:Uttar Pradesh 3108: 3104: 3101: 3097: 3093: 3089: 3085: 3081: 3077: 3073: 3069: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3053: 3050: 3046: 3042: 3038: 3037: 3036: 3033: 3031: 3027: 3023: 3019: 3015: 3011: 3004: 2999: 2995: 2989: 2980: 2978: 2972: 2970: 2966: 2960: 2957: 2952: 2944: 2940: 2937: 2933: 2930: 2926: 2922: 2915: 2914:Eastern Ghats 2911: 2907: 2902: 2892: 2889: 2885: 2879: 2877: 2873: 2868: 2865: 2864:alpine tundra 2861: 2860:Köppen system 2858:Based on the 2855: 2851: 2843: 2838: 2829: 2827: 2826:Barren Island 2823: 2819: 2815: 2811: 2807: 2803: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2781: 2772: 2770: 2766: 2762: 2761:manganese ore 2758: 2749: 2746:Coal mine in 2744: 2730: 2728: 2717: 2714: 2710: 2709:Rann of Kutch 2705: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2692: 2688: 2683: 2681: 2680:Gulf of Kutch 2677: 2672: 2665: 2661: 2657: 2651: 2647: 2642: 2633: 2631: 2627: 2623: 2619: 2615: 2611: 2607: 2606:Vembanad Lake 2603: 2599: 2595: 2591: 2590:Laccadive Sea 2587: 2583: 2582:Rama's Bridge 2579: 2578:Great Nicobar 2575: 2571: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2554:Gulf of Kutch 2551: 2546: 2542: 2540: 2536: 2535:Krishna River 2532: 2525: 2521: 2516: 2512: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2497: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2483: 2479: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2442: 2440: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2420: 2416: 2407: 2404: 2401: 2400: 2399: 2397: 2393: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2365: 2361: 2356: 2346: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2292: 2288: 2279: 2277: 2273: 2272:Bay of Bengal 2269: 2265: 2264:Laccadive Sea 2261: 2257: 2253: 2249: 2245: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2221: 2211: 2209: 2205: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2177: 2173: 2168: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2137:Barren Island 2134: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2109: 2106: 2101: 2099: 2095: 2091: 2085: 2076: 2067: 2065: 2064:Malabar Coast 2061: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2040: 2039:Western Ghats 2035: 2033: 2029: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1995:Eastern Ghats 1990: 1989:Coastal India 1983: 1979: 1975: 1971: 1964: 1960: 1959:Visakhapatnam 1956: 1947: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1928: 1926: 1922: 1916: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1900: 1893: 1890:Thar desert, 1888: 1879: 1877: 1873: 1869: 1865: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1849: 1845: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1821: 1817: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1790: 1789: 1786: 1784: 1780: 1776: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1735: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1705: 1697: 1693: 1688: 1680: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1644: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1557:Eastern Ghats 1555: 1552: 1551:Western Ghats 1548: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1449:Western Ghats 1447: 1446: 1445: 1443: 1442:Western Ghats 1439: 1438:Eastern Ghats 1435: 1434: 1433:Eastern Ghats 1429: 1428: 1427:Western Ghats 1423: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1379: 1375: 1368: 1364: 1363:Eastern Ghats 1359: 1353:Western Ghats 1351: 1345: 1341: 1340:Eastern Ghats 1336: 1322: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1303: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1279: 1275: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1255: 1254: 1250: 1247: 1243: 1242:Chambal River 1238: 1237: 1236:Malwa Plateau 1233: 1232: 1230: 1225: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1200: 1199:Satpura Range 1196: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1179: 1175: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1155:fold mountain 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1135: 1134: 1133:Aravali Range 1130: 1129: 1127: 1126: 1125: 1123: 1119: 1118:Narmada River 1115: 1114:Eastern Ghats 1111: 1110:Western Ghats 1107: 1101: 1092: 1086:near Matheran 1085: 1084:Western Ghats 1081: 1069: 1064: 1057: 1054:lying on the 1053: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1010: 1006: 1002: 1001: 1000: 998: 994: 990: 986: 982: 978: 974: 970: 966: 961: 959: 955: 951: 948: 944: 940: 936: 932: 928: 924: 918: 908: 907:Sikkim, India 904: 900: 896: 895:Kangchenjunga 887: 878: 869: 868:Kangchenjunga 859: 855: 850: 844:The Himalayas 838: 834: 831:Islands- The 830: 827: 825: 822: 819: 816: 813: 809: 805: 801: 797: 795: 791: 790: 789: 787: 773: 764: 762: 758: 754: 750: 746: 745:Uttar Pradesh 742: 738: 734: 730: 726: 722: 718: 714: 710: 706: 702: 698: 694: 690: 686: 682: 678: 673: 671: 667: 663: 659: 655: 651: 646: 644: 640: 636: 632: 628: 624: 620: 616: 612: 611:Rann of Kutch 608: 607:Punjab region 604: 600: 595: 593: 589: 585: 579: 569: 566: 562: 558: 554: 553:orogenic belt 550: 546: 542: 538: 534: 530: 526: 522: 518: 514: 508: 499: 490: 488: 484: 480: 476: 472: 468: 464: 460: 459:Kangchenjunga 456: 452: 448: 444: 439: 437: 433: 429: 425: 421: 417: 413: 409: 408:Rann of Kutch 405: 401: 400:Punjab Plains 397: 393: 389: 385: 381: 377: 373: 368: 366: 362: 358: 354: 350: 346: 342: 338: 334: 330: 326: 322: 318: 314: 310: 306: 302: 298: 294: 293:Bay of Bengal 290: 286: 282: 277: 275: 271: 267: 258: 254: 248: 241: 238: 234: 228: 225: 223:Longest river 221: 216: 213: 209: 204: 203:Kangchenjunga 201: 199:Highest point 197: 191: 184: 177: 170: 163: 156: 149: 146: 142: 138: 134: 130: 126: 122: 118: 114: 110: 107: 104: 100: 95: 67: 63: 58: 52: 48: 45: 41: 38: 35: 31: 27: 22: 16: 10176:Dependencies 10106:Turkmenistan 10071:Saudi Arabia 9950: 9824:Southeastern 9819:Southwestern 9799:Northeastern 9789:Northwestern 9729: 9620:Ganges Delta 9615:Ganges Basin 9605:Indus Valley 9595:Punjab plain 9528:Chota Nagpur 9507:Lushai Hills 9289:Martial arts 9213:Architecture 9086:Demographics 9071:Caste system 9048:Society and 8698:Construction 8480:By net worth 8314:Indian rupee 8117:Reservations 7985:Intelligence 7888:Human rights 7873:Constitution 7631:Subdivisions 7324:Indian Plate 7314:Fossil Parks 7293: 7249:Contemporary 7164:World War II 7041:Early Modern 7031:Vijayanagara 6927:Vedic period 6797:India topics 6596:Subdivisions 6368:Indian Plate 6358:Fossil Parks 6341: 6132:Chhattisgarh 6094: 6052:. Retrieved 6048:the original 6043: 6020: 5999: 5979: 5960: 5944:. Springer. 5941: 5922: 5903: 5884: 5872:. Retrieved 5852: 5824: 5818:Bibliography 5796: 5777: 5765:. Retrieved 5756: 5724:. Retrieved 5710: 5702: 5698: 5668:. Retrieved 5660:Culture Trip 5659: 5649: 5637:. Retrieved 5633:the original 5628: 5619: 5609: 5603: 5592: 5582:cite journal 5547: 5543: 5533: 5521:. Retrieved 5517:the original 5502: 5490:. Retrieved 5486:the original 5442: 5438: 5413:. Retrieved 5395: 5383:. Retrieved 5374: 5365: 5353:. Retrieved 5349:the original 5335: 5323:. Retrieved 5315:CIA Factbook 5314: 5305: 5293:. Retrieved 5262:. Retrieved 5258:the original 5233: 5227: 5215: 5196: 5184:. Retrieved 5180:the original 5170: 5158:. Retrieved 5154:the original 5149: 5139: 5127: 5115: 5107: 5103: 5076: 5056: 5049: 5041: 5037: 5013:. Retrieved 5009:the original 4987: 4954: 4950: 4940: 4899: 4893: 4883: 4871:. Retrieved 4865: 4855: 4843:. Retrieved 4838: 4829: 4817:. Retrieved 4812: 4803: 4794: 4781: 4769:. Retrieved 4760: 4750: 4738:. Retrieved 4734:the original 4712: 4707: 4695:. Retrieved 4679: 4672: 4660:. Retrieved 4656:the original 4646: 4633: 4627: 4615:. Retrieved 4604: 4595: 4583:. Retrieved 4569: 4556: 4547: 4522: 4518: 4505: 4485: 4478: 4459: 4453: 4433: 4414: 4395: 4383:. Retrieved 4379:the original 4372: 4362: 4350:. Retrieved 4339: 4330: 4319:, retrieved 4309: 4303: 4284: 4278: 4266:. Retrieved 4262:the original 4255: 4246: 4205: 4201: 4195: 4183:. Retrieved 4179:the original 4165:Hindimetyari 4160: 4150: 4138:. Retrieved 4109:. Retrieved 4070:the original 4064: 4058: 4046: 4034:. Retrieved 4030:the original 4020: 4011: 3978: 3973: 3956: 3926: 3920: 3901: 3895: 3875: 3868: 3857:the original 3844: 3836: 3831: 3823: 3808: 3801: 3790: 3779: 3768: 3756:. Retrieved 3752:the original 3747: 3738: 3726:. Retrieved 3717: 3707: 3695:. Retrieved 3686: 3677: 3663:cite journal 3651:. Retrieved 3646: 3642: 3632: 3621: 3610: 3584:. Retrieved 3580:the original 3565: 3544:cite journal 3518:. Retrieved 3498: 3491: 3479:. Retrieved 3475:the original 3465: 3448: 3442: 3430:. Retrieved 3418: 3406: 3394:. Retrieved 3385: 3376: 3363:. Retrieved 3354: 3345: 3333: 3321:. Retrieved 3314:the original 3224:India portal 3176:Chhattisgarh 3055: 3034: 3008: 2994: 2973: 2961: 2949: 2932:Deccan Traps 2918: 2880: 2869: 2857: 2787: 2778: 2753: 2723: 2720:Fertile Land 2706: 2702:Bengal tiger 2684: 2668: 2624:in Kashmir, 2610:Kolleru Lake 2602:Sambhar Lake 2574:Indira Point 2547: 2543: 2539:Kaveri River 2528: 2498: 2494:Jamuna River 2458:Ganges Basin 2443: 2411: 2388: 2371:Teesta River 2349:Water bodies 2297:are causing 2285: 2241: 2169: 2157:Indira Point 2125:Cape Negrais 2112: 2110: 2104: 2102: 2087: 2036: 1992: 1929: 1917: 1904: 1902: 1848:ground water 1827: 1825: 1819: 1812: 1787: 1779:Ganges Delta 1737:tributaries— 1710:Great Plains 1709: 1707: 1625:charnockites 1542: 1539:Ghati people 1533:and four in 1452: 1431: 1425: 1397: 1373: 1371: 1304: 1276: 1266: 1251: 1234: 1212:Chhattisgarh 1197: 1176: 1147:Guru Shikhar 1131: 1122:Gondwanaland 1103: 1044:Lushai hills 983:border, and 973:Kanchenjunga 962: 920: 903:Zemu Glacier 897:, the third 788:. They are: 783: 674: 647: 596: 581: 545:Cenozoic Era 541:Eocene Epoch 521:Gondwanaland 513:Indian Plate 510: 483:Indian Plate 481:lies on the 440: 416:Kachin Hills 390:lies in the 369: 349:Indira Point 297:Indian Ocean 281:Indian Ocean 278: 264: 247:Chilika Lake 242:(freshwater) 236:Largest lake 211:Lowest point 15: 10235:Asia portal 10136:States with 10056:Philippines 9996:South Korea 9991:North Korea 9886:Afghanistan 9765:Afghanistan 9709:Lakshadweep 9574:Thar Desert 9569:Thal Desert 9457:Khasi Hills 9331:Traditional 9008:Banking Act 8993:SARFESI Act 8907:Electricity 8728:Oil and gas 8718:Electricity 8671:Agriculture 8655:West Bengal 8645:Uttarakhand 8610:Maharashtra 8449:Licence Raj 8404:Black money 8263:Remittances 8107:Nationalism 8092:Citizenship 7925:Enforcement 7910:High Courts 7787:Rajya Sabha 7448:sanctuaries 7398:Earthquakes 7370:Environment 7185:Integration 7159:1943 famine 7107:British Raj 7074:Late modern 6998:Middle Ages 6962:Alchon Huns 6874:Mathematics 6864:Linguistics 6644:Environment 6564:South India 6542:North India 6295:Lakshadweep 6247:West Bengal 6242:Uttarakhand 6177:Maharashtra 5670:23 November 5415:20 November 5385:21 November 5295:20 November 5264:20 November 5186:17 November 5160:19 November 5015:19 November 4902:: 489–509. 4873:30 November 4771:6 September 4740:19 November 4662:21 November 4439:Stereotypes 4409:, Page 110. 4385:21 February 4321:5 September 4185:22 November 4140:5 September 4111:19 November 4036:14 November 3758:19 November 3748:Oneindia.in 3653:19 November 3520:19 November 3432:9 September 3396:9 September 3167:, northern 3163:, northern 3150:Maharashtra 3107:Bundelkhand 3060:Thar desert 3043:as well as 2969:earthquakes 2956:Pleistocene 2921:Precambrian 2810:natural gas 2794:upper Assam 2790:Mumbai High 2678:delta, the 2662:Mangroves, 2650:West Bengal 2632:in Kerala. 2626:Chilka Lake 2614:Loktak Lake 2608:in Kerala, 2598:coral reefs 2594:Andaman Sea 2570:Kanyakumari 2562:Palk Strait 2450:Brahmaputra 2379:West Bengal 2339:Lakshadweep 2323:Indus River 2307:Brahmaputra 2276:Andaman Sea 2260:Lakshadweep 2192:Sriharikota 2174:, a former 2149:mud volcano 2105:Lakshadweep 2090:Lakshadweep 2030:coast, the 2028:Kanyakumari 2003:West Bengal 1982:Arabian Sea 1905:the deserts 1899:Thar Desert 1882:Thar Desert 1726:Brahmaputra 1696:West Bengal 1640:metamorphic 1636:khondalites 1591:and in the 1535:Maharashtra 1492:Maharashtra 1472:Tapti River 1461:Arabian Sea 1317:xeric scrub 1311:state. The 1204:Maharashtra 1186:India from 1159:Precambrian 1052:Cherrapunji 901:, near the 837:Lakshadweep 824:Thar Desert 753:West Bengal 741:Uttarakhand 725:West Bengal 689:Uttarakhand 650:West Bengal 451:Brahmaputra 428:Khasi Hills 404:Thar Desert 345:Kanyakumari 319:across the 301:Palk Strait 285:Arabian Sea 240:Loktak Lake 162:China (PRC) 89: / 65:Coordinates 10116:Uzbekistan 10091:Tajikistan 10006:Kyrgyzstan 9986:Kazakhstan 9906:Bangladesh 9896:Azerbaijan 9755:Bangladesh 9723:By country 9681:West Coast 9676:East Coast 9640:Sundarbans 9497:Naga Hills 9487:Hindu Kush 9442:Garo Hills 9384:South Asia 9282:television 9272:Literature 9076:Corruption 8799:Television 8767:Healthcare 8688:Automotive 8635:Tamil Nadu 8502:Labour law 8485:Demography 8288:NITI Aayog 8194:Governance 8180:BSE SENSEX 8132:Secularism 8087:Censorship 7878:Penal Code 7777:Parliament 7754:Government 7559:Waterfalls 7403:Ecoregions 7266:Pokhran-II 7064:Bengal War 6879:Metallurgy 6666:Biospheres 6661:Ecoregions 6581:West India 6559:East India 6502:Waterfalls 6300:Puducherry 6270:Chandigarh 6222:Tamil Nadu 6024:. Warner. 5523:2 November 5375:Rediff.com 3278:References 3142:greenstone 3128:Mahakoshal 3109:region of 2936:sub-aerial 2687:Sundarbans 2676:Sundarbans 2664:Tamil Nadu 2660:Pichavaram 2646:Sunderbans 2556:, and the 2524:Papi Hills 2396:watersheds 2383:Darjeeling 2381:), in the 2176:Portuguese 2082:See also: 1999:Tamil Nadu 1980:'s coast, 1840:irrigation 1712:are large 1609:Arma Konda 1585:Tamil Nadu 1531:Tamil Nadu 1529:, five in 1515:Escarpment 1480:Tamil Nadu 1344:Tamil Nadu 1323:ecoregion. 1271:Tamil Nadu 1246:Mahi River 985:Nanda Devi 923:Hindu Kush 515:, a major 432:Mizo Hills 424:Bangladesh 420:its border 412:Chin Hills 323:. India's 229:(or Ganga) 155:Bangladesh 106:Ranked 7th 47:South Asia 10202:Hong Kong 10156:Palestine 10081:Sri Lanka 10076:Singapore 9956:Indonesia 9750:Sri Lanka 9482:Karakoram 9398:Himalayas 9391:Mountains 9314:Sculpture 9267:Festivals 9233:Webcomics 9185:Sexuality 9135:Languages 9098:Education 8928:Regulator 8875:Transport 8772:Hospitals 8708:Education 8676:Livestock 8640:Telangana 8630:Rajasthan 8590:Karnataka 8585:Jharkhand 8389:Insurance 8368:Inflation 8273:Subsidies 8172:Companies 8102:Democracy 8097:Elections 8069:Air Force 7794:President 7782:Lok Sabha 7659:Districts 7614:Southeast 7609:Southwest 7599:Northeast 7592:Northwest 7554:Volcanoes 7514:Mountains 7457:Landforms 7294:Geography 7169:Partition 7134:Zamindari 6917:Stone Age 6854:Economics 6839:Astronomy 6820:Overviews 6619:Districts 6614:Divisions 6574:Southeast 6569:Southwest 6547:Northwest 6497:Volcanoes 6477:Mountains 6414:Landforms 6227:Telangana 6212:Rajasthan 6187:Meghalaya 6162:Karnataka 6157:Jharkhand 5593:(direct: 5574:1027-5606 4979:128503395 4932:135053362 4924:0022-1694 4638:The Hague 4539:126925893 4352:3 January 3965:0542-5778 3728:1 January 3718:Scroll.in 3697:1 January 3457:0542-5778 3169:Telangana 3157:Jharkhand 3146:Karnataka 3088:greywacke 3076:quartzite 3041:Rajasthan 2925:Paleozoic 2748:Jharkhand 2580:Island); 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