George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen

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in a minority government under the Earl of Derby. Later in the year, another problem facing the Earl of Aberdeen in the formation of his own new government in December 1852 was Lord John Russell himself. Russell was the leader of the Whig Party, the largest group in the coalition government. Consequently, Lord Aberdeen, was required to appoint Russell as the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, which he had done on 29 December 1852. However, Russell sometimes liked to use this position to speak for the whole government, as if he were the prime minister. In 1832, Russell had been nicknamed "Finality John" because of his statement that the 1832 Reform Act had just been approved by both the House of Commons and the House of Lords would be the "final" expansion of the vote in Britain. There would be no further extension of the ballot to the common people of Britain. However, as political pressure in favour of further reform had risen over the twenty years since 1832, Russell had changed his mind. Russell had said, in January 1852, that he intended to introduce a new reform bill into the House of Commons which would equalise the populations of the districts from which members of Parliament were elected. Probably as a result of their continuing feud, Palmerston declared himself against this Reform Bill of 1852. As a result, support for the bill dwindled and Russell was forced to change his mind again and not introduce any Reform Bill in 1852.

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discussed future possibilities & agreed that nothing remained to be done, but to offer the Govt to Ld Derby,...". The Queen continued to criticise Lord John Russell for his behaviour for the rest of his life; on his death in 1878 her journal records that he was "A man of much talent, who leaves a name behind him, kind, & good, with a great knowledge of the constitution, who behaved very well, on many trying occasions; but he was impulsive, very selfish (as shown on many occasions, especially during Ld Aberdeen's administration) vain, & often reckless & imprudent".

4486: 1090:, who had become dictator and then Emperor of France from 1804 until 1814. The younger Bonaparte had been elected to a three-year term as President of the Second Republic of France on 20 December 1848. The Constitution of the Second Republic limited the President to a single term in office. Thus, Louis Bonaparte would be unable to succeed himself and after 20 December 1851 would no longer be president. Consequently, on 2 December 1851, shortly before the end of his single three-year term in office was to expire, 5508: 850: 1242: 1094:, disbanded the elected Constituent Assembly, arrested some of the Republican leaders, and declared himself Emperor Napoleon III of France. This coup upset many democrats in England as well as in France. Some British government officials felt that Louis Bonaparte was seeking foreign adventure in the spirit of his uncle, Napoleon I. Consequently, these officials felt that any close association with Bonaparte would eventually lead Britain into another series of wars, like the 6640: 6032: 5459: 6044: 1265:, as they had during the Russo-Turkish War of 1768–1774. Almost immediately, the Russian troops deployed along the northern banks of the Danube River, implying that they might cross the river. Aberdeen ordered the British Fleet to Constantinople and later into the Black Sea. On 23 October 1853, the Ottoman Empire declared war on Russia. A Russian naval raid on Sinope, on 30 November 1853, resulted in the destruction of the Turkish fleet in the 4197: 4071:, 2nd ed., vol. 1, 1910, pg. 16; of Wakefield, Yorkshire; according to local traditions recited in at least two books on Lord Aberdeen, Oswald Hanson was a blacksmith and his daughter a cook at the Strafford Arms, Wakefield; the third Earl was visiting Hatfield Hall near the town and ate at the pub; being so impressed by the food prepared there for him, he asked to meet the cook and she would become his wife (see M.E. Chamberlain, 1079:, but much later, when justifying to the Queen his own new appointments, Gladstone told her: "For instance, even in Ld Aberdeen's Govt, in 52, Sir William Molesworth had been selected, at that time, a very advanced Radical, but who was perfectly harmless, & took little, or no part.... He said these people generally became very moderate, when they were in office", which she admitted had been the case. 1117:. Without informing the rest of the cabinet or Queen Victoria, Palmerston had sent a private note to the French ambassador endorsing Louis Bonaparte's coup and congratulating Louis Bonaparte himself on the coup. Queen Victoria and members of the Russell government demanded that Palmerston be dismissed as Foreign Minister. Russell requested Palmerston's resignation and Palmerston reluctantly provided it. 6137: 670:'s impulsive acceptance of the Canningite resignations" led to his becoming Foreign Secretary for Prime Minister Wellington in 1828 despite "an almost ludicrous lack of official experience"; he had been a minister for less than six months. After holding the position for two years, followed by another cabinet role, by 1841 his experience led to his appointment as Foreign Secretary again under 1376:

career, Aberdeen scored numerous diplomatic triumphs, starting in 1813-14 when as ambassador to the Austrian Empire he negotiated the alliances and financing that led to the defeat of Napoleon. In Paris, he normalized relations with the newly restored Bourbon government and convinced London it could be trusted. He worked well with top European diplomats such as his friends

4428: 1224:, to the Black Sea as a show of force. In light of the French show of force, the Turks, again, reversed themselves and recognised the French right to protect the Christian sites. Lord Stratford de Redcliffe was advising the Ottomans during this time, and later it was alleged that he had been instrumental in persuading the Turks to reject the Russian arguments. 3202:. In the House of Lords, in 1840 and 1843, he raised two Compromise Bills to allow presbyteries but not congregations the right of veto. The first failed to pass (and was voted against by the General Assembly) but the latter, raised post-schism, became law for Scotland and remained in force until patronage of Scots livings was abolished in 1874. 1167:

arguments at face value because he sympathised with Russian interests against French pressure and was not in favour of the Crimean War. However, he was unable to resist the pressure that was being exerted on him by Palmerston's faction. In the end, the Crimean War proved to be the downfall of his government.

919:). It was during his second stint as Foreign Secretary that he had the harbor settlement of 'Little Hong Kong', on the south side of Hong Kong Island, named after him. It was probably the most productive period of his career; he settled two disagreements with the US: the northeast boundary dispute by the 1375:

Aberdeen was generally successful as a hard-working diplomat, but his reputation has suffered greatly because of the lack of military success in the Crimean War and from the ridicule of enemies such as Disraeli who regarded him as weak, inefficient, and cold. Before the Crimean debacle that ended his

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to resign, he told the Queen: "Nothing could have been better, he said than the feeling of the members towards each other. Had it not been for the incessant attempts of Ld John Russell to keep up party differences, it must be acknowledged that the experiment of a coalition had succeeded admirably. We

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by means of cheaper wheat and bread prices for the poor and middle classes in Ireland. Currently, however, the Free Traders and the Irish Brigade had disagreements with the Whigs that prevented them from joining with the Whigs to form a government. Accordingly, the Tory/Conservative Party leader the

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Born into a wealthy family with the largest estates in Scotland, his personal life was marked by the loss of both parents by the time he was eleven, and of his first wife after only seven years of a happy marriage. His daughters died young, and his relations with his sons were difficult. He travelled

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of 1842 solved most of the problems amicably. Thus Maine got most of the disputed land, but Canada obtained a vital, strategic strip of land connecting it to a warm water port. Aberdeen helped solve the Oregon dispute amicably in 1846. However, as prime minister, Aberdeen had trouble with the United

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on the north bank of the Danube River, and he reminded them that pursuant to the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca, the Russians had returned these "Danubian provinces" to Ottoman control in exchange for the right to protect the Christian sites in the Holy Land. Accordingly, the Turks reversed themselves and

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In February 1852, Palmerston took revenge on Russell by voting with the Conservatives in a "no confidence" vote against the Russell government. This brought an end to the Russell Whig government and set the stage for a general election in July 1852 which eventually brought the Conservatives to power

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wrote, "It is a powerful team, but it will require good driving", which Aberdeen was unable to provide. During the administration, much trouble was caused by the rivalry between Palmerston and Russell, and over the course of it Palmerston managed to out-manoeuvre Russell to emerge as the Whig heir

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When in December 1852 Disraeli submitted his budget to Parliament on behalf of the minority government, the Peelites, the Free Traders, and the Irish Brigade were all alienated by the proposed budget. Accordingly, those groups suddenly forgot their differences with the Whig Party and voted with the

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Given the differences of opinion within the Lord Aberdeen cabinet over the direction of foreign policy with regard to relations between Britain and France under Napoleon III, it is not surprising that debate raged within the government as Louis Bonaparte, now assuming the title of Emperor Napoleon

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The abstract justice of the cause, although indisputable, is but a poor consolation for the inevitable calamities of all war, or for a decision which I am not without fear may prove to have been impolitic and unwise. My conscience upbraids me the more, because seeing, as I did from the first, all

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The Eastern Question flared up on 2 December 1852, with the Napoleon's coup against the Second Republic. As Napoleon III was forming his new imperial government, he sent an ambassador to the Ottoman Empire with instructions to assert France's right to protect Christian sites in Jerusalem and the

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The cabinet was bitterly divided. Palmerston stirred up anti-reform feeling in Parliament and pro-war public opinion to out-maneuver Russell. The result was that the weak Aberdeen government went to war with Russia as the result of internal British political rivalries. Aberdeen accepted Russian

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Following the downfall of the Tory/Conservative minority government under Lord Derby in December 1852, Lord Aberdeen formed a new government from the coalition of Free Traders, Peelites, and Whigs that had voted no confidence in the minority government. Lord Aberdeen was able to put together a

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The near approach of war and its effects are horrible beyond what you can conceive. The whole road from Prague to was covered with waggons full of wounded, dead, and dying. The shock and disgust and pity produced by such scenes are beyond what I could have supposed possible...the scenes of

1070:, "In the present cabinet are five or six first-rate men of equal, or nearly equal, pretensions, none of them likely to acknowledge the superiority or defer to the opinions of any other, and every one of these five or six considering himself abler and more important than their premier"; and 1384:

in Paris. He brought Britain into the center of Continental diplomacy on critical issues, such as the local wars in Greece, Portugal, and Belgium. Simmering troubles on numerous issues with the United States were ended by friendly compromises. He played a central role in winning the

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from 1818 to 1828 and exercised his existing rights to present ministers to parishes on his Scottish estates through a time when the right of churches to veto the appointment or 'call' of a minister became so contentious as to lead in 1843 to the schism known as

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for a longer term. His diplomatic successes include organizing the coalition against Napoleon in 1812–1814, normalizing relations with post-Napoleonic France, settling the old border dispute between Canada and the United States, and ending the

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had been held which resulted in the election of 325 Tory/Conservative party members to Parliament. This represented 42.7% of the seats in Parliament. The main opposition to the Tory/Conservative Party was the Whig Party, which had 292 seats.

1361:, and Britain not only complained but sent a naval force to make the point. Negotiations for reciprocal trade agreement between the United States and Canada dragged on for eight years until a reciprocity treaty was reached in 1854. 1202:, one their premier statesmen, to negotiate a settlement of the issue. Prince Menshikov called the attention of the Turks to the fact that during the Russo-Turkish War, the Russians had occupied the Turkish-controlled provinces of 3212:

He is said in the last few months of his life, after the Crimean War, to have declined to contribute to building a church on his Scotland estates because of a sense of guilt in having "shed much blood", citing biblically King

3347: 1159:, but throughout the foreign policy negotiations surrounding the dismemberment of the Ottoman Empire, which would continue throughout the middle and end of nineteenth century, the problem would be referred to as the " 1155:

III. As Prime Minister of the Peelite/Whig coalition government, Aberdeen eventually led Britain into war on the side of the French and Ottomans against the Russian Empire. This war would eventually be called the

1308:. However, this attempt failed. Dissatisfaction as to the course of the war grew in England. As reports returned detailing the mismanagement of the conflict, Parliament began to investigate. On 29 January 1855, 4209: 1061:

Although united on international trade issues and on questions of domestic reform, his cabinet also contained Lord Palmerston and Lord John Russell, who were certain to differ on questions of foreign policy.

1269:. When Russia ignored an Anglo-French ultimatum to abandon the Danubian provinces, Britain and France declared war on Russia on 28 March 1854. In September 1854, British and French troops landed on the 1138:

In order to form the coalition government, the Earl of Aberdeen had been required to appoint both Palmerston and Russell to his cabinet. Because of the controversy surrounding Palmerston's removal as

1035:, the defeat of the Disraeli budget was a "vote of no confidence" in the minority government and meant its downfall. Lord Aberdeen was asked to form a new government; Gladstone became his Chancellor. 983:

While the Peelites agreed with the Whigs on issues dealing with international trade, there were other issues on which the Peelites disagreed with the Whigs. Indeed, Lord Aberdeen's own dislike of the

1031:

Whigs against the proposed budget. The vote was 286 in favour of the budget and 305 votes against the budget. Because the leadership of the minority government had made the vote on the budget vote a

1179:, following his predecessor's commission in 1838 of the first European Consul in Jerusalem on Britain's behalf, which lead to series of successive appointments by other nations. Both resulted from 1098:

dating from 1793 until 1815. British relations with France had scarcely improved since 1815. As prime minister, the Earl of Aberdeen was one of these officials who feared France and Bonaparte.

1190:, a diplomat with vast experience in Turkey, as a special envoy to the Ottoman Empire to guard British interests. Russia protested the Turkish agreement with the French as a violation of the 1175:. The Ottoman Empire agreed to this condition to avoid conflict or even war with France. Aberdeen, as Foreign Secretary in 1845, had himself tacitly authorised the construction of the first 6556: 639:

was filled with powerful and talented politicians, whom Aberdeen was largely unable to control and direct. Despite his efforts to avoid this happening, his ministry took Britain into the

1315:

Treating this as a vote of no confidence in his government, Aberdeen resigned, and retired from active politics, speaking for the last time in the House of Lords in 1858. In visiting

1332:, the American Secretary of State who was himself an Anglophile. In 1842, Aberdeen sent Lord Ashburton to Washington to settle all disputes, especially the border between Canada and 1312:

introduced a motion for the appointment of a select committee to enquire into the conduct of the war. This motion was carried by the large majority of 305 in favour and 148 against.

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politician and specialist in foreign affairs. He served as Prime Minister from 1852 until 1855 in a coalition between the Whigs and Peelites, with Radical and Irish support. The

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and their archaeology. His Scottish estates having been neglected by his father, he devoted himself (when he came of age) to modernising them according to the latest standards.

1142:, Palmerston could not now be appointed Foreign Minister again so soon after his removal from that position. Accordingly, on 28 December 1852, Aberdeen appointed Palmerston as 5474: 563: 1198:. Under the treaty, the Russians had been granted the exclusive right to protect the Christian sites in the Holy Land. Accordingly, on 7 May 1853, the Russians sent Prince 1082:

One of the foreign policy issues on which Palmerston and Russell disagreed was the type of relationship that Britain should have with France and especially France's ruler,

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The Scots peerage; founded on Wood's edition of Sir Robert Douglas's peerage of Scotland; containing an historical and genealogical account of the nobility of that kingdom

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Karl Marx, "Turkey and Russia—the Connivance of the Aberdeen Ministry with Russia—The Budget—Tax on Newspaper Supplements—Parliamentary Corruption" contained in the

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on his grandfather's death in 1801, and had travelled all over Europe. On his return to Britain, he founded the Society of Athenian Travellers. In 1805, he married

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coalition that held 53.8% of the seats of Parliament. Thus Lord Aberdeen, a Peelite, became Prime Minister and headed a coalition ministry of Whigs and Peelites.

723:. His mother was Charlotte, youngest daughter of William Baird of Newbyth. He lost his father on 18 October 1791 and his mother in 1795, and he was brought up by 806:

in his earlier travels. He became one of the central diplomatic figures in European diplomacy at this time, and he was one of the British representatives at the

6835: 4688: 3437: 783: 4095:, vol. 1 (Bingley: T. Harrison, 1888), pp. 162–163. George Roberts also states that Elizabeth Hanson's mother was a daughter of "Ralph Collett, of Oulton" in 6675: 6427: 4953: 4925: 1232:

that was to be apprehended, it is possible that by a little more energy and vigour, not on the Danube, but in Downing Street, it might have been prevented.

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at the time of Louis Bonaparte's 2 December 1851 coup was serving as the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs in the Whig government of Prime Minister

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Queen Victoria's Journals, Wednesday 28 April 1880, Windsor Castle, from Princess Beatrice's copies, Volume72 (1 January 1880 – 18 August 1880), p.167,

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Queen Victoria's Journals, Tuesday 30 January 1855, Windsor Castle, Princess Beatrice's copies, Volume:39 (1 January 1855 – 30 June 1855), pp. 47–48,

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Queen Victoria's Journals, Wednesday 29 May 1878, Balmoral Castle, Princess Beatrice's copies, Vol 68 (1 January 1878 – 24 June 1878), pp. 268–69,

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Reverend Hon. Douglas Hamilton-Gordon (13 March 1824 – 6 December 1901). He married Lady Ellen Douglas (maternal first cousin) on 15 July 1851.

1180: 992: 944: 831: 6710: 6081: 4851: 841:; the marriage was much less happy than his first. During the ensuing thirteen years Aberdeen took a less prominent part in public affairs. 4795: 4764: 4698: 1445: 587: 528: 45: 6458: 6530: 6257: 6247: 6171: 5701: 5686: 5641: 5496: 4904: 4890: 4608: 4581: 4554: 952: 904: 889: 402: 233: 4218: 947:. They helped stabilize Spain's internal and external relations. He sought better relations with France, relying on his friendship with 6780: 6720: 6498: 5746: 5716: 5636: 5626: 5616: 5141: 5127: 4618: 4601: 4564: 3190: 1472: 936: 3894: 6795: 6715: 5591: 4897: 4441: 1456: 4378:

Martin, B. K., "The Resignation of Lord Palmerston in 1853: Extracts from Unpublished Letters of Queen Victoria and Lord Aberdeen",

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British-American relations had been troublesome under Palmerston, but Aberdeen proved much more conciliatory, and worked well with

1016: 893: 667: 608: 204: 119: 57: 6700: 6392: 5556: 5036: 4876: 4730: 4574: 1413: 752: 6825: 6800: 5681: 5671: 5656: 5551: 5015: 4479: 1979: 1572: 1492: 1438: 1304:. On 5 November 1854, Russian forces tried to relieve the siege at Sevastopol and defeat the Allied armies in the field in the 412: 3174:"; as early as 1840 he told Gladstone he preferred what Aberdeen called "the sister church " and when in London worshipped at 6760: 6435: 6305: 6035: 5908: 5786: 5776: 5731: 5050: 4939: 4547: 4520: 4132: 3280: 1257:

In response this latest change of mind by the Ottomans, the Russians on 2 July 1853 occupied the Turkish satellite states of

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summarises, "Religion never came easy to him". In his Scots landowning capacity "North of the border, he considered himself

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Butcher, Samuel J. "Lord Aberdeen and Conservative Foreign Policy, 1841-1846" (PhD Diss. University of East Anglia, 2015)

6695: 5866: 5531: 4747: 3206: 3199: 1810: 1770: 1598: 1286: 1076: 724: 720: 6448: 6341: 5691: 5676: 5566: 5561: 5546: 3690: 1924: 1516: 1475:(26 November 1829 – 30 January 1912). He married Rachel Emily Shaw-Lefevre on 20 September 1865. They had two children. 1434: 1357:

in retaliation for an insult; Britain protested. Later in 1846, the United States announced its intention of annexing

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However, other British government officials were beginning to worry more about the rising political dominance of the

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David F. Krein. "War and Reform: Russell, Palmerston and the Struggle for Power in the Aberdeen Cabinet, 1853–54".

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Nevertheless, Britain became increasingly worried about the situation in Turkey, and Prime Minister Aberdeen sent

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Topography and Natural History of Lofthouse and its Neighbourhood, with the Diary of a Naturalist and Rural Notes

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Guymer, Laurence. "The Wedding Planners: Lord Aberdeen, Henry Bulwer, and the Spanish Marriages, 1841–1846."

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Laurence Guymer, "The Wedding Planners: Lord Aberdeen, Henry Bulwer, and the Spanish Marriages, 1841–1846."

1071: 216: 1010:", who voted with the Peelites and the Whigs for the repeal of the Corn Laws because they sought an end the 6606: 6185: 6067: 4646: 1506:

Apart from his political career, Aberdeen was also a scholar of the classical civilisations, who published

1349: 912: 3461: 6830: 6385: 6221: 6118: 5576: 5064: 4946: 4448: 1301: 1187: 955:, the right to search slave ships, the French desire to control Belgium, disputes in the Pacific and the 601: 53: 6059: 987:, the rejection of which he failed to secure in 1851, prevented him from joining the Whig government of 71: 6750: 6618: 5482: 1689: 1063: 659: 654:

After 1812 he became a diplomat, and in 1813, at age 29, was given the critically important embassy to

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Aberdeen was greatly affected by the aftermath of war which he witnessed at first hand. He wrote home:

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Karl Marx. "Affairs in Holland—Denmark—Conversion of the British Debt—India, Turkey and Russia". In

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In July 1815, he married his former sister-in-law Harriet, daughter of John Douglas, and widow of

807: 643:, and fell when the war's conduct became unpopular. Subsequently, Aberdeen retired from politics. 6566: 6508: 6333: 5211: 5197: 5183: 5169: 4681: 1007: 924: 878: 688: 628: 440: 3631:

The Origins of Christian Zionism: Lord Shaftesbury And Evangelical Support for a Jewish Homeland

6670: 6643: 6378: 6090: 4816: 3272: 3263: 1521: 1377: 1250: 1120: 1049: 811: 648: 4088: 3577: 3271:. Vol. I: A–ak Bayes (15th ed.). Chicago, IL: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. pp. 19:"Lord Aberdeen" and "The Earl of Aberdeen" redirect here. For other holders of the title, see 6591: 6047: 5841: 4475: 4096: 4803: 3920: 6685: 6680: 6359: 4370:

The triumph of Lord Palmerston: a study of public opinion in England before the Crimean War

4360:

Lord Aberdeen: a Biography of the Fourth Earl of Aberdeen, KG, KT, Prime Minister 1852–1855

3475:

Lord Aberdeen: a biography of the fourth Earl of Aberdeen, KG, KT, Prime Minister 1852–1855

940: 916: 775: 32: 3898: 787: 8: 6611: 6586: 6453: 6101: 5302: 4738: 4283: 4273: 3453: 3218: 1354: 1309: 1297: 908: 1520:(1809) as "the travell'd thane, Athenian Aberdeen." He was appointed Chancellor of the 1433:

After the death of his first wife, Aberdeen remarried Harriet Douglas (granddaughter of

6601: 6596: 6297: 5766: 5253: 4485: 4403: 4373: 4363: 4302: 4254: 3195: 3159: 1305: 1087: 1032: 1011: 435: 1381: 911:(December 1834 - April 1835), and again Foreign Secretary between 1841 and 1846 under 6576: 6571: 6503: 6181: 6043: 5888: 5831: 5571: 5536: 5526: 5512: 5379: 5344: 5323: 5309: 5176: 5162: 4537: 4413: 4258: 4128: 3686: 3659: 3634: 3583: 3540:

Jonathan Philip Parry, "The impact of Napoleon III on British politics, 1851–1880."

3393: 3276: 1448:(28 September 1816 – 22 March 1864). He married Lady Mary Baillie (younger sister of 1270: 1246: 1044: 1020: 799: 636: 330: 138: 1423:

Lady Charlotte Catherine Hamilton-Gordon (28 March 1808 – 24 July 1818) died aged 10

1416:) on 28 July 1805. They had three daughters and a son, none of whom lived to be 21: 822:

distress and misery have sunk deeper in my mind. I have been quite haunted by them.

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from 1791 to 1801, was a British statesman, diplomat and landowner, successively a

20: 3976:, 2nd ed., vol. 1, 1910, pg. 16 ; sister of General Sir David Baird, Baronet. 3683:

The British Consulate in Jerusalem in Relation to the Jews of Palestine, 1838–1914

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in that year. Additionally, 113 of the members of Parliament elected in 1847 were

6581: 6239: 6145: 5933: 5893: 5372: 5295: 5281: 5267: 5001: 4673: 3871: 3167: 1496: 1341: 1281:. The Allied troops then moved across the Alma River on 20 September 1854 at the 1110: 1095: 897: 859: 676: 967:

Aberdeen again followed his leader and resigned with Peel over the issue of the

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Wilbur Devereux Jones, "Lord Ashburton and the Maine Boundary Negotiations."

687:. He exhibited a "dour, awkward, occasionally sarcastic exterior". His friend 647:

extensively in Europe, including Greece, and he had a serious interest in the

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Bailey, Frank E. (1940). "The Economics of British Foreign Policy, 1825-50".

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A liberal state at war: English politics and economics during the Crimean War

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was obtained. Aberdeen was a poor speaker, but this scarcely mattered in the

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Portraits of Catherine Elizabeth Gordon (née Hamilton), Countess of Aberdeen

4476:"Archival material relating to George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen" 4338:

The Aberdeen Coalition 1852–1855: A study in mid-19th-century party politics

1459:(11 December 1817 – 19 May 1890). He married Caroline Herschel (daughter of 935:, which was still important for a Foreign Secretary. He worked closely with 691:, said of him that he was "the man in public life of all others whom I have 6412: 5996: 5978: 5928: 5826: 5816: 5806: 5801: 5791: 5442: 5400: 5358: 5330: 4883: 4470:

contributions in Parliament by George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen

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Foundations of British Foreign Policy: From Pitt (1792) to Salisbury (1902)

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Lady Frances Hamilton-Gordon (4 December 1818 – 20 April 1834) died aged 15

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Furthermore, 36 members of Parliament elected in 1847 were members of the "

779: 4222:. Vol. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 46–47. 1420:

Lady Jane Hamilton-Gordon (11 February 1807 – 18 August 1824) died aged 17

971:. After Peel's death in July 1850 he became the recognised leader of the 6478: 6126: 6097: 6089: 6016: 5973: 5913: 5435: 5414: 5099: 5085: 4299:

British foreign secretaries, 1807-1916: studies in personality and policy

3171: 1345: 1156: 830:, of Aberdeen in the County of Aberdeen (1814), and made a member of the 671: 640: 161: 3798: 3566:

Stuart, "The Formation of the Coalition Cabinet of 1852." (1954): 45–68.

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States. In 1854 an American naval vessel bombarded the mosquito port of

951:, but Britain was annoyed with France on a series of issues, especially 5943: 5938: 5923: 5903: 5836: 5393: 5386: 4383: 4263: 3815: 1511: 1386: 1278: 1274: 662:

His rise in politics was equally rapid and lucky, and "two accidents —

547: 366: 4382:, Vol. 1, No. 1 (1923), pp. 107–112, Cambridge University Press, 4328: 1426:

Lady Alice Hamilton-Gordon (12 July 1809 – 21 April 1829) died aged 19

6001: 5428: 5260: 3486: 3183: 1293: 1258: 1203: 1172: 996: 968: 712: 680: 394: 362: 3209:

began, though they did not obtain their potential power until 1859.

1479:

The Countess of Aberdeen died in August 1833. Lord Aberdeen died at

1023:

as the Chancellor of the Exchequer for the minority government. The

4250: 3179: 1429:

Lord Haddo (born and died 23 November 1810), survived only one hour

1262: 1207: 972: 803: 370: 4202:

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the

3715:

Karl Marx. "Mazzini—Switzerland and Austria—Turkish Question". In

3334:

The Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage of Great Britain and Ireland

4464: 632: 422: 398: 6370: 4846: 3793:

Charles M. Wiltse, "Daniel Webster and the British Experience."

3658:. Vol. 1. Charleston SC USA: Forgotten Books. p. 418. 3553:

C. H. Stuart, "The Formation of the Coalition Cabinet of 1852."

1508:

An Inquiry into the Principles of Beauty in Grecian Architecture

784:

Ambassador Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Austria

1499:

used George Gordon's life as the basis for a historical novel,

1488: 1337: 995:. These members agreed with the Peelites on the repeal of the " 948: 791: 655: 6136: 826:

Returning home he was created a peer of the United Kingdom as

798:, he was an observer at the decisive Coalition victory of the 4808: 3508:

Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: volume 11,

3214: 1491:, on 14 December 1860, and was buried in the family vault at 1333: 1092:

Bonaparte staged a coup against the Second Republic in France

758: 4101:(London: David Bogue; Leeds: Richard Jackson, 1882), pg. 42. 4016:

B. Carnduff, "Baird, Sir David, first baronet (1757–1829)",

3758:

Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 13

3756:

Karl Marx, "Fall of the Aberdeen Ministry" contained in the

3745:

Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 12

3717:

Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 12

3704:

Collected Works of Karl Marx and Frederick Engels: Volume 12

3205:

It was under his prime ministership that the revival of the

3178:. He was ultimately buried in the Anglican parish church at 1389:

against China, gaining control of Hong Kong in the process.

619:(28 January 1784 – 14 December 1860), styled 4007:, 2nd ed., vol. 1, 1910, pp. 15–16; of Newbyth, Haddington. 1019:

was asked to form a "minority government". Derby appointed

810:

in February 1814, and at the negotiations which led to the

939:, his ambassador to Madrid, to help arrange marriages for 4492:

Portraits of George Hamilton Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen

3506:

Karl Marx, "The Defeat of the Ministry" contained in the

1540:

Ancestors of George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen

4390:

Britain in Europe, 1789–1914: A survey of foreign policy

4355:(2000), Wide-ranging scholarly survey of the entire era. 3986: 3984: 3982: 3955: 3953: 3575: 782:

in 1812 he joined the Foreign Service. He was appointed

3414:. London: Sampson Low, Marston and Company. p. 31. 3373: 3371: 3369: 3367: 3365: 3363: 3361: 1446:

George John James Hamilton-Gordon, 5th Earl of Aberdeen

1371:

International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919)

1348:

of 1841 involving a slave revolt on the high seas. The

1105:

in eastern Europe and the corresponding decline of the

6821:

Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary

3633:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 380. 1075:

apparent. The cabinet also included a single Radical,

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As war became inevitable, Aberdeen wrote to Russell:

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Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society

3198:" when a third of ministers broke away to form the 1323: 1149: 763:In December 1805, Lord Aberdeen took his seat as a 6816:Presidents of the Society of Antiquaries of London 6786:Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom 6706:19th-century prime ministers of the United Kingdom 4640:19 December 1852 – 30 January 1855 4178:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Volume 22 4164:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Volume 22 4150:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Volume 22 4125:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Volume 22 3841:Biographical dictionary of British prime ministers 3760:(International Publishers: New York, 1980) p. 631. 3348:"Gordon, George Hamilton (Lord Haddo) (GRDN800GH)" 3262: 3170:". In England "he privately considered himself an 1495:. In 1994 the novelist, columnist, and politician 888:between January and June 1828 and subsequently as 6811:Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 4450:"Aberdeen, George Hamilton Gordon, Earl of" 1510:(London, 1822) and was referred to by his cousin 1412:(10 January 1784 – 29 February 1812; daughter of 6731:British Secretaries of State for Foreign Affairs 6662: 6557:Mathematics, science, technology and engineering 4307: 3826:Bruce W. Jentleson and Thomas G. Paterson, eds. 1450:George Baillie-Hamilton, 10th Earl of Haddington 3264:"Aberdeen, George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of" 1183:'s canvassing with substantial public support. 4127:. Oxford University Press. 2004. p. 902. 3733:. London: Longmans, Green and Co. p. 204. 1292:A Russian attack on the allied supply base at 1124:George Hamilton Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen, 844: 6836:Secretaries of State for War and the Colonies 6386: 6075: 5490: 4832: 4210:Aberdeen, George Hamilton Gordon, 4th Earl of 3839:Robert Eccleshall and Graham S. Walker, eds. 3489:, "Result of the Elections" contained in the 3440:, "Peel, Aberdeen and the Entente cordiale." 1463:) on 9 December 1852. They had nine children. 1300:is noted for its famous (or rather infamous) 743:in 1804. Before this, however, he had become 715:on 28 January 1784, he was the eldest son of 6676:George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen 3555:Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 3542:Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 2441:George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen 1452:) on 5 November 1840. They had six children. 1038: 577:George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen 6531:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 6258:Secretary of State for War and the Colonies 4582:Secretary of State for War and the Colonies 4280:The life of George, fourth earl of Aberdeen 4270:The life of George, fourth earl of Aberdeen 1146:and appointed Russell as Foreign Minister. 905:Secretary of State for War and the Colonies 234:Secretary of State for War and the Colonies 99:19 December 1852 – 30 January 1855 6393: 6379: 6082: 6068: 5497: 5483: 4839: 4825: 4484: 4077:The Prime Ministers: Stories and Anecdotes 3897:. St John Church, Stanmore. Archived from 3191:General Assembly of the Church of Scotland 1441:) on 8 July 1815. They had five children: 1336:, the boundary along the Great Lakes, the 759:Political and diplomatic career, 1805–1828 70: 6756:Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 6741:Chancellors of the University of Aberdeen 5513:Foreign Secretaries of the United Kingdom 4809:George Hamilton-Gordon navigational boxes 3731:The Life of Lord John Russell – Volume II 3346: 1401:Bust of Aberdeen in Westminster Abbey by 1086:. Bonaparte was the nephew of the famous 4408:Temperley, Harold and L.M. Penson, eds. 4335: 4038: 4036: 4034: 4032: 4030: 4028: 4026: 1396: 1240: 1236: 1119: 1048: 865: 848: 481: 246:20 December 1834 – 8 April 1835 4207: 4049:. Edinburgh: D. Douglas. pp. 88–93 4018:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 3944: 3728: 3672: 3653: 3647: 3377: 3260: 1550: 1340:boundary, the African slave trade, the 896:. He resigned with Wellington over the 778:. Following the death of his wife from 753:John Hamilton, 1st Marquess of Abercorn 660:sixth coalition that defeated Napoleon. 194:2 June 1828 – 22 November 1830 151:2 September 1841 – 6 July 1846 6726:Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge 6663: 5520:Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs 4353:The Mid-Victorian Generation 1846–1886 4236: 3828:Encyclopedia of U.S. Foreign Relations 3409: 3336:. London: Whitaker and Co. p. 81. 3153: 3094: 3001: 2897: 2893: 2889: 2877: 2784: 2680: 2676: 2664: 2571: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2454: 2444: 2348: 2243: 2239: 2227: 2134: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2009: 1980:Anne Hamilton, 3rd Duchess of Hamilton 1904: 1790: 1786: 1774: 1669: 1573:Sir John Gordon, 1st Baronet, of Haddo 1562: 1558: 1554: 1439:Edward Lascelles, 1st Earl of Harewood 1140:Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs 658:, where he organised and financed the 510: 413:St John the Evangelist, Great Stanmore 298:26 January 1828 – 2 June 1828 6736:Chancellors of the Duchy of Lancaster 6374: 6063: 6036:Category:British Secretaries of State 5478: 4848:Prime ministers of the United Kingdom 4820: 4807: 4400:England and the Near East: The Crimea 4327:, 100#396 (1985), pp. 641–644, 4156: 4142: 4117: 4023: 3875:. London. 29 November 1810. p. 4 3628: 3622: 3256: 3254: 3091: 3081: 3069: 3059: 3055: 3043: 3041: 3031: 3019: 3009: 3005: 2989: 2987: 2977: 2965: 2955: 2951: 2939: 2937: 2927: 2915: 2905: 2901: 2874: 2864: 2852: 2842: 2838: 2826: 2824: 2814: 2802: 2792: 2788: 2772: 2770: 2760: 2748: 2738: 2734: 2722: 2720: 2710: 2698: 2688: 2684: 2661: 2651: 2639: 2629: 2625: 2613: 2611: 2601: 2589: 2579: 2575: 2559: 2556: 2546: 2534: 2524: 2520: 2508: 2506: 2496: 2484: 2474: 2470: 2438: 2428: 2416: 2406: 2402: 2390: 2388: 2378: 2366: 2356: 2352: 2336: 2333: 2323: 2311: 2301: 2297: 2285: 2283: 2273: 2261: 2251: 2247: 2224: 2214: 2202: 2192: 2188: 2176: 2174: 2164: 2152: 2142: 2138: 2122: 2119: 2109: 2097: 2087: 2083: 2071: 2069: 2059: 2047: 2037: 2033: 2003: 1993: 1977: 1967: 1963: 1951: 1948: 1938: 1922: 1912: 1908: 1892: 1889: 1879: 1866: 1856: 1852: 1840: 1834: 1824: 1808: 1798: 1794: 1768: 1758: 1742: 1732: 1728: 1716: 1713: 1703: 1687: 1677: 1673: 1657: 1651: 1641: 1628: 1618: 1614: 1602: 1596: 1586: 1570: 1566: 1296:on 25 October 1854 was rebuffed. The 1214:The French sent one of their premier 1003:consumer products should be removed. 999:", but they felt that the tariffs on 985:Ecclesiastical Titles Assumption Bill 6711:19th-century Scottish businesspeople 6111:Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 5990:Commonwealth and Development Affairs 4636:Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 4528:Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 4321:Lord Aberdeen. A Political Biography 4313:Lord Aberdeen: A Political Biography 4073:Lord Aberdeen: a Political Biography 3812:Mississippi Valley Historical Review 3654:Sokolow, Nahum (27 September 2015). 3252: 3250: 3248: 3246: 3244: 3242: 3240: 3238: 3236: 3234: 1654:William Gordon, 2nd Earl of Aberdeen 886:Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 477: 286:Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 87:Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 3576:Norman McCord; Bill Purdue (2007). 3331: 3207:Convocations of Canterbury and York 1811:John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl 1771:George Gordon, 3rd Earl of Aberdeen 1599:George Gordon, 1st Earl of Aberdeen 794:in October 1813. In the company of 725:Henry Dundas, 1st Viscount Melville 721:George Gordon, 3rd Earl of Aberdeen 506: 13: 3544:(Sixth Series) 11 (2001): 147–175. 1925:William Hamilton, Duke of Hamilton 1517:English Bards and Scotch Reviewers 1435:James Douglas, 14th Earl of Morton 14: 6847: 6781:Lord-lieutenants of Aberdeenshire 6721:19th-century Scottish politicians 6400: 6316:President of the Board of Control 4505:National Portrait Gallery, London 4496:National Portrait Gallery, London 4419: 4208:Holland, Arthur William (1911). " 4139:Article by Muriel E. Chamberlain. 4042: 3491:Collected Works of Karl Marx and 3231: 1524:in 1827 and was President of the 1344:about boundaries in 1837 and the 931:of 1846. He enjoyed the trust of 839:James Hamilton, Viscount Hamilton 6796:People educated at Harrow School 6716:19th-century Scottish landowners 6639: 6638: 6135: 6042: 6031: 6030: 5865: 5506: 5458: 5457: 4721:Lord Lieutenant of Aberdeenshire 4426: 4195: 3994:, 2nd ed., vol. 1, 1910, pg. 15. 3963:, 2nd ed., vol. 1, 1910, pg. 16. 3895:"The Churches of Great Stanmore" 3783:Online from the Bodleian Library 3771:Online from the Bodleian Library 3629:Lewis, Donald (2 January 2014). 3530:online from the Bodleian Library 3390:Chambers Biographical Dictionary 3217:'s being forbidden to build the 1526:Society of Antiquaries of London 1324:Relations with the United States 962: 796:the Austrian Emperor, Francis II 562: 6294:President of the Board of Trade 5988:Secretary of State for Foreign, 4442:More about The Earl of Aberdeen 4188: 4170: 4104: 4091:, in J. Horsfall Turner (ed.), 4082: 4061: 4010: 3997: 3966: 3913: 3887: 3859: 3846: 3833: 3820: 3804: 3787: 3775: 3763: 3750: 3737: 3722: 3709: 3696: 3609: 3604:The Eastern Question, 1774–1923 3596: 3569: 3560: 3557:(Fifth Series) 4 (1954): 45–68. 3547: 3534: 3522: 3513: 3500: 3480: 3467: 3447: 3431: 3418: 3403: 1837:John Murray, 1st Duke of Atholl 1287:siege to the fort of Sevastopol 1200:Alexander Sergeyevich Menshikov 790:between Britain and Austria in 502: 473: 6701:19th-century British diplomats 6540:Economy, society and knowledge 6276:Master-General of the Ordnance 6115:Leader of the House of Commons 5875:Secretary of State for Foreign 4444:on the Downing Street website. 4075:, 1983, pg. 17 and W.D. Home, 3856:(1937) pp 129-48, 223-41, 688. 3383: 3340: 3325: 3316: 3307: 3298: 3289: 3261:Hoiberg, Dale H., ed. (2010). 1867:37. Lady Amelia Sophia Stanley 1473:Arthur Charles Hamilton-Gordon 1461:Sir John Herschel, 1st Baronet 977:general election of Parliament 957:French intervention in Morocco 1: 6826:Leaders of the House of Lords 6801:Scottish representative peers 6164:Lord President of the Council 4773:Peerage of the United Kingdom 4689:British Ambassador to Austria 4325:The English Historical Review 3656:History of Zionism, 1600-1918 2225:5. Catherine Elizabeth Hanson 1457:Sir Alexander Hamilton-Gordon 1196:Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774) 1125: 1096:wars with France and Napoleon 1025:general election in July 1852 871: 706: 703:others, but never like him". 6761:Fellows of the Royal Society 6552:Economy, industry, and trade 6186:Leader of the House of Lords 4647:Leader of the House of Lords 4380:Cambridge Historical Journal 4319:MacIntyre, Angus, review of 4043:Balfour Paul, James (1904). 4020:, 2004; of Hiltown, Berwick. 3854:Britain in Europe: 1789-1914 3606:(London, 1966), pp. 110–149. 3582:. Oxford UP. p. 269ff. 3458:Britain in Europe: 1789-1914 1714:17. Anne Lockhart of Tarbrax 1249:of 1854 after a painting by 1177:Anglican church in Jerusalem 802:in October 1813; he had met 774:. In 1808, he was created a 768:Scottish representative peer 739:, where he graduated with a 737:St John's College, Cambridge 679:with China in 1842, whereby 553:St John's College, Cambridge 7: 6222:First Lord of the Admiralty 6119:Chancellor of the Exchequer 4067:G.E. Cokayne and V. Gibbs, 4003:G.E. Cokayne and V. Gibbs, 3990:G.E. Cokayne and V. Gibbs, 3972:G.E. Cokayne and V. Gibbs, 3959:G.E. Cokayne and V. Gibbs, 3352:A Cambridge Alumni Database 1949:19. Lady Catherine Hamilton 1531: 1302:Charge of the Light Brigade 1188:Lord Stratford de Redcliffe 943:and her younger sister the 845:Political career, 1828–1852 10: 6852: 6696:Politicians from Edinburgh 6133: 4456:Collier's New Encyclopedia 4346:Diplomacy & Statecraft 4323:by Muriel E. Chamberlain, 3797:Vol. 85. (1973) pp 58-77. 3426:Diplomacy & Statecraft 3354:. University of Cambridge. 2995: 2895: 2891: 2883: 2778: 2678: 2670: 2565: 2464: 2460: 2456: 2342: 2241: 2233: 2128: 2027: 2023: 2015: 1898: 1788: 1780: 1690:George Lockhart of Tarbrax 1663: 1560: 1556: 1552: 1368: 1211:agreed with the Russians. 1042: 76:Lord Aberdeen in July 1860 18: 6629: 6539: 6514:The Marquess of Salisbury 6426: 6408: 6350: 6332: 6314: 6292: 6274: 6256: 6238: 6220: 6202: 6180: 6162: 6144: 6109: 6025: 5987: 5874: 5863: 5519: 5452: 4984: 4859: 4814: 4792: 4783: 4778: 4771: 4761: 4752: 4744: 4737: 4727: 4718: 4710: 4705: 4695: 4686: 4668: 4663: 4653: 4644: 4633: 4625: 4615: 4606: 4598: 4588: 4579: 4571: 4561: 4552: 4544: 4534: 4525: 4517: 4512: 4239:Journal of Modern History 4114:, 1815, vol. ii, pg. 1232 4112:The Baronetage of England 4093:The Yorkshire Genealogist 3729:Walpole, Spencer (1889). 3579:British History 1815–1914 3075: 3057: 3049: 3025: 3007: 3003: 2971: 2953: 2945: 2921: 2903: 2899: 2858: 2840: 2832: 2808: 2790: 2786: 2754: 2736: 2728: 2704: 2686: 2682: 2645: 2627: 2619: 2595: 2577: 2573: 2540: 2522: 2514: 2490: 2472: 2468: 2422: 2404: 2396: 2372: 2354: 2350: 2317: 2299: 2291: 2267: 2249: 2245: 2208: 2190: 2182: 2158: 2140: 2136: 2103: 2085: 2077: 2053: 2035: 2031: 2006:George Gordon, Lord Haddo 1987: 1965: 1957: 1932: 1910: 1906: 1890:9. Lady Anna Susan Murray 1873: 1854: 1846: 1818: 1796: 1792: 1752: 1730: 1722: 1697: 1675: 1671: 1635: 1616: 1608: 1580: 1564: 1392: 1364: 1194:of 1778, which ended the 1039:Prime Minister, 1852–1855 855:Portrait of Lord Aberdeen 717:George Gordon, Lord Haddo 570: 558: 546: 539:George Gordon, Lord Haddo 534: 523: 452: 429: 418: 408: 380: 345: 340: 336: 324: 312: 302: 291: 284: 272: 260: 250: 239: 232: 222: 210: 198: 187: 177: 167: 155: 144: 137: 125: 113: 103: 92: 85: 81: 69: 30: 6324:The Earl of Ellenborough 5877:and Commonwealth Affairs 4933:Chatham (Pitt the Elder) 4412:(1938), primary sources 4398:Temperley, Harold W. V. 4336:Conacher, J. B. (1968). 3224: 1745:Anne Lockhart of Tarbrax 1410:Lady Catherine Elizabeth 1350:Webster–Ashburton Treaty 1192:Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca 1084:Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte 953:French colonial policies 921:Webster-Ashburton Treaty 884:Lord Aberdeen served as 749:Lady Catherine Elizabeth 729:William Pitt the Younger 6691:Nobility from Edinburgh 6509:William Ewart Gladstone 6499:The Viscount Palmerston 6334:Paymaster of the Forces 5177:Disraeli (Beaconsfield) 4619:The Viscount Palmerston 4602:The Viscount Palmerston 4565:The Viscount Palmerston 4219:Encyclopædia Britannica 3410:Gordon, Arthur (1893). 3332:Dod, Robert P. (1860). 3269:Encyclopædia Britannica 3200:Free Church of Scotland 3189:He was a member of the 689:William Ewart Gladstone 649:classical civilisations 462:Lady Catherine Hamilton 228:The Viscount Palmerston 183:The Viscount Palmerston 173:The Viscount Palmerston 132:The Viscount Palmerston 6771:Knights of the Thistle 6474:The Viscount Melbourne 6428:Politics and diplomacy 6194:The Duke of Wellington 4796:George Hamilton-Gordon 4765:George Hamilton-Gordon 4731:The Marquess of Huntly 3814:40.3 (1953): 477-490. 3444:30.82 (1957): 189-206. 3322:MacIntyre, 643, quoted 3158:Aberdeen's biographer 1522:University of Aberdeen 1408:Lord Aberdeen married 1405: 1378:Klemens von Metternich 1254: 1234: 1150:The "Eastern Question" 1131: 1077:Sir William Molesworth 1054: 945:Infanta Luisa Fernanda 881: 863: 824: 308:The Duke of Wellington 205:The Duke of Wellington 6791:Scottish antiquarians 6776:Knights of the Garter 6342:Sir Edward Knatchbull 6048:Portal:United Kingdom 4364:online free to borrow 4351:Hoppen, K. Theodore. 4348:21.4 (2010): 549–573. 3619:(1976) 7#2 pp. 67–84. 3428:21.4 (2010): 549-573. 3176:St James's Piccadilly 1400: 1369:Further information: 1244: 1237:Crimean War 1853–1856 1229: 1123: 1053:Aberdeen in the 1850s 1052: 1043:Further information: 1027:had no clear winner. 892:until 1830 under the 869: 852: 819: 814:in May of that year. 808:Congress of Châtillon 776:Knight of the Thistle 731:. He was educated at 695:. I say emphatically 6519:The Earl of Rosebery 6494:The Earl of Aberdeen 6360:John Charles Herries 6266:The Earl of Aberdeen 6248:The Lord Wharncliffe 4480:UK National Archives 4388:Seton-Watson, R. W. 4372:(Hutchinson, 1963). 4358:Iremonger, Lucille. 3693:, cited in Lewis, D. 3412:The Earl of Aberdeen 3313:MacIntyre, 642, 644. 975:. In August 1847, a 917:second Peel ministry 509:; died 480:; died 37:The Earl of Aberdeen 33:The Right Honourable 6562:Society and culture 6172:The Earl of Rosslyn 4739:Peerage of Scotland 4392:(1937) pp 223–40. 4301:(1927). pp 89–130. 4166:. pp. 902–903. 3852:R.W. Seton-Watson, 3473:Lucille Iremonger, 3460:(1937) pp 223-41. ( 3454:Robert Seton-Watson 3442:Historical Research 3219:Temple in Jerusalem 3154:Religious interests 3092:7. Alicia Johnstone 1355:Greytown, Nicaragua 1310:John Arthur Roebuck 1298:Battle of Balaclava 909:first Peel ministry 898:Reform Bill of 1832 6831:People from Tarves 6298:Master of the Mint 6154:The Lord Lyndhurst 5240:Campbell-Bannerman 4714:The Earl of Erroll 4678:Title last held by 4657:The Earl Granville 4575:Thomas Spring Rice 4548:The Earl of Dudley 4532:January–June 1828 4513:Political offices 4368:Martin, Kingsley. 4278:Balfour, Frances. 4268:Balfour, Frances. 3843:(1998) pp. 167-74. 3679:Hyamson, Albert M. 3617:Maryland Historian 3160:Muriel Chamberlain 2875:3. Charlotte Baird 1406: 1306:Battle of Inkerman 1255: 1132: 1088:Napoleon Bonaparte 1055: 1033:vote of confidence 1012:Great Irish Famine 894:Duke of Wellington 882: 864: 267:Thomas Spring Rice 217:The Earl of Dudley 16:British politician 6751:Earls of Aberdeen 6658: 6657: 6652: 6651: 6504:Benjamin Disraeli 6489:The Earl of Derby 6484:Lord John Russell 6368: 6367: 6284:Sir George Murray 6182:Foreign Secretary 6057: 6056: 5472: 5471: 4802: 4801: 4793:Succeeded by 4762:Succeeded by 4728:Succeeded by 4696:Succeeded by 4664:Diplomatic posts 4654:Succeeded by 4629:The Earl of Derby 4616:Succeeded by 4609:Foreign Secretary 4589:Succeeded by 4562:Succeeded by 4555:Foreign Secretary 4538:Charles Arbuthnot 4535:Succeeded by 4297:Cecil, Algernon. 4134:978-0-19-861372-5 4089:"Hanson Pedigree" 4079:, 1987, pg. 133). 3925:www.goodreads.com 3830:(4 vol 1997) 1:1. 3282:978-1-59339-837-8 3150: 3149: 3146: 3145: 2557:12. William Baird 2120:10. Oswald Hanson 1271:Crimean peninsula 1247:Aberdeen ministry 1216:ships-of-the-line 1115:Lord John Russell 1045:Aberdeen ministry 1021:Benjamin Disraeli 989:Lord John Russell 890:Foreign Secretary 800:Battle of Leipzig 788:Treaty of Töplitz 786:, and signed the 637:Aberdeen ministry 574: 573: 331:Charles Arbuthnot 139:Foreign Secretary 120:The Earl of Derby 6843: 6806:Viscounts Gordon 6746:Diplomatic peers 6642: 6641: 6470:Prime ministers 6395: 6388: 6381: 6372: 6371: 6352:Secretary at War 6306:Alexander Baring 6230:The Earl de Grey 6139: 6084: 6077: 6070: 6061: 6060: 6046: 6034: 6033: 5869: 5511: 5510: 5499: 5492: 5485: 5476: 5475: 5465: 5461: 5460: 5445: 5438: 5431: 5424: 5417: 5410: 5403: 5396: 5389: 5382: 5375: 5368: 5361: 5354: 5347: 5340: 5333: 5326: 5319: 5312: 5305: 5298: 5291: 5284: 5277: 5270: 5263: 5256: 5249: 5242: 5235: 5228: 5221: 5214: 5207: 5200: 5193: 5186: 5179: 5172: 5165: 5158: 5151: 5144: 5137: 5130: 5123: 5116: 5109: 5102: 5095: 5088: 5081: 5074: 5067: 5060: 5053: 5046: 5039: 5032: 5025: 5018: 5011: 5009:Pitt the Younger 5004: 4997: 4995:Pitt the Younger 4977: 4975:Pitt the Younger 4970: 4963: 4956: 4949: 4942: 4935: 4928: 4921: 4914: 4907: 4900: 4893: 4886: 4879: 4872: 4870:Walpole (Orford) 4841: 4834: 4827: 4818: 4817: 4805: 4804: 4755:Earl of Aberdeen 4745:Preceded by 4711:Preceded by 4706:Honorary titles 4699:The Lord Stewart 4682:Sir Arthur Paget 4626:Preceded by 4599:Preceded by 4592:The Lord Glenelg 4572:Preceded by 4545:Preceded by 4518:Preceded by 4510: 4509: 4488: 4483: 4460: 4452: 4436: 4434:Biography portal 4431: 4430: 4429: 4362:(Collins, 1978) 4341: 4316: 4309:M.E. Chamberlain 4262: 4223: 4201: 4199: 4198: 4182: 4181: 4174: 4168: 4167: 4160: 4154: 4153: 4146: 4140: 4138: 4121: 4115: 4108: 4102: 4086: 4080: 4069:Complete Peerage 4065: 4059: 4058: 4056: 4054: 4040: 4021: 4014: 4008: 4005:Complete Peerage 4001: 3995: 3992:Complete Peerage 3988: 3977: 3974:Complete Peerage 3970: 3964: 3961:Complete Peerage 3957: 3948: 3942: 3936: 3935: 3933: 3931: 3917: 3911: 3910: 3908: 3906: 3891: 3885: 3884: 3882: 3880: 3863: 3857: 3850: 3844: 3837: 3831: 3824: 3818: 3808: 3802: 3791: 3785: 3779: 3773: 3767: 3761: 3754: 3748: 3741: 3735: 3734: 3726: 3720: 3713: 3707: 3700: 3694: 3676: 3670: 3669: 3651: 3645: 3644: 3626: 3620: 3613: 3607: 3602:M. S. Anderson. 3600: 3594: 3593: 3573: 3567: 3564: 3558: 3551: 3545: 3538: 3532: 3526: 3520: 3517: 3511: 3504: 3498: 3493:Frederick Engels 3484: 3478: 3471: 3465: 3451: 3445: 3435: 3429: 3422: 3416: 3415: 3407: 3401: 3387: 3381: 3375: 3356: 3355: 3344: 3338: 3337: 3329: 3323: 3320: 3314: 3311: 3305: 3302: 3296: 3293: 3287: 3286: 3266: 3258: 2662:6. William Baird 2334:11. Mary Collett 1546: 1545: 1537: 1536: 1267:battle of Sinope 1251:Sir John Gilbert 1181:Lord Shaftesbury 1161:Eastern Question 1130: 1129: June 1858 1127: 1072:Sir James Graham 1064:Charles Greville 923:(1842), and the 876: 873: 745:Earl of Aberdeen 618: 613: 606: 599: 592: 585: 566: 514: 512: 508: 504: 485: 483: 479: 475: 387: 384:14 December 1860 359: 357: 341:Personal details 327: 315: 305: 296: 279:The Lord Glenelg 275: 263: 253: 244: 225: 213: 201: 192: 180: 170: 158: 149: 128: 116: 97: 74: 64: 28: 27: 21:Earl of Aberdeen 6851: 6850: 6846: 6845: 6844: 6842: 6841: 6840: 6766:House of Gordon 6661: 6660: 6659: 6654: 6653: 6648: 6625: 6535: 6479:Sir Robert Peel 6422: 6418:Edwardian era → 6404: 6399: 6369: 6364: 6346: 6328: 6310: 6296: 6288: 6270: 6252: 6240:Lord Privy Seal 6234: 6216: 6198: 6184: 6176: 6158: 6146:Lord Chancellor 6140: 6131: 6127:Sir Robert Peel 6117: 6113: 6105: 6098:Sir Robert Peel 6088: 6058: 6053: 6021: 5989: 5983: 5876: 5870: 5861: 5515: 5505: 5503: 5473: 5468: 5456: 5448: 5441: 5434: 5427: 5420: 5413: 5406: 5399: 5392: 5385: 5378: 5371: 5364: 5357: 5350: 5343: 5336: 5329: 5322: 5315: 5308: 5301: 5294: 5287: 5280: 5273: 5266: 5259: 5252: 5245: 5238: 5231: 5224: 5217: 5210: 5203: 5196: 5189: 5182: 5175: 5168: 5161: 5154: 5147: 5140: 5133: 5126: 5119: 5112: 5105: 5098: 5091: 5084: 5077: 5070: 5063: 5056: 5049: 5042: 5035: 5028: 5021: 5014: 5007: 5000: 4993: 4980: 4973: 4966: 4959: 4952: 4945: 4938: 4931: 4924: 4917: 4910: 4903: 4896: 4889: 4882: 4875: 4868: 4855: 4845: 4810: 4798: 4789: 4786:Viscount Gordon 4767: 4758: 4750: 4733: 4724: 4716: 4701: 4692: 4679: 4676: 4674:Napoleonic Wars 4659: 4650: 4639: 4631: 4621: 4612: 4604: 4594: 4585: 4577: 4567: 4558: 4550: 4540: 4531: 4523: 4521:The Lord Bexley 4474: 4447: 4432: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4227:Anderson, Olive 4196: 4194: 4191: 4186: 4185: 4176: 4175: 4171: 4162: 4161: 4157: 4148: 4147: 4143: 4135: 4123: 4122: 4118: 4109: 4105: 4087: 4083: 4066: 4062: 4052: 4050: 4041: 4024: 4015: 4011: 4002: 3998: 3989: 3980: 3971: 3967: 3958: 3951: 3943: 3939: 3929: 3927: 3919: 3918: 3914: 3904: 3902: 3901:on 21 July 2015 3893: 3892: 3888: 3878: 3876: 3865: 3864: 3860: 3851: 3847: 3838: 3834: 3825: 3821: 3809: 3805: 3792: 3788: 3780: 3776: 3768: 3764: 3755: 3751: 3742: 3738: 3727: 3723: 3714: 3710: 3701: 3697: 3677: 3673: 3666: 3652: 3648: 3641: 3627: 3623: 3614: 3610: 3601: 3597: 3590: 3574: 3570: 3565: 3561: 3552: 3548: 3539: 3535: 3527: 3523: 3519:Martin, 110–112 3518: 3514: 3505: 3501: 3485: 3481: 3472: 3468: 3452: 3448: 3438:A.B. Cunningham 3436: 3432: 3423: 3419: 3408: 3404: 3388: 3384: 3376: 3359: 3345: 3341: 3330: 3326: 3321: 3317: 3312: 3308: 3303: 3299: 3294: 3290: 3283: 3259: 3232: 3227: 3156: 3151: 1629:33. 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4331: 4305: 4295: 4288: 4287: 4286: 4266: 4251:10.1086/236517 4245:(4): 449–484. 4234: 4224: 4214:Chisholm, Hugh 4190: 4187: 4184: 4183: 4180:. p. 907. 4169: 4155: 4152:. p. 903. 4141: 4133: 4116: 4103: 4081: 4060: 4022: 4009: 3996: 3978: 3965: 3949: 3937: 3912: 3886: 3858: 3845: 3832: 3819: 3803: 3786: 3774: 3762: 3749: 3736: 3721: 3708: 3695: 3691:978-0404562786 3671: 3664: 3646: 3639: 3621: 3608: 3595: 3588: 3568: 3559: 3546: 3533: 3521: 3512: 3499: 3479: 3466: 3446: 3430: 3417: 3402: 3382: 3357: 3339: 3324: 3315: 3306: 3304:MacIntyre, 641 3297: 3295:MacIntyre, 644 3288: 3281: 3229: 3228: 3226: 3223: 3196:the Disruption 3155: 3152: 3148: 3147: 3144: 3143: 3141: 3139: 3137: 3135: 3133: 3131: 3129: 3127: 3125: 3123: 3121: 3119: 3117: 3115: 3113: 3111: 3109: 3107: 3105: 3102: 3101: 3099: 3096: 3095: 3093: 3090: 3087: 3086: 3083: 3082: 3080: 3077: 3076: 3074: 3071: 3070: 3068: 3065: 3064: 3061: 3060: 3058: 3056: 3054: 3051: 3050: 3048: 3045: 3044: 3042: 3040: 3037: 3036: 3033: 3032: 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416: 415: 410: 406: 405: 403:United Kingdom 388:(aged 76) 382: 378: 377: 349: 347: 343: 342: 338: 337: 334: 333: 328: 322: 321: 316: 310: 309: 306: 304:Prime Minister 300: 299: 289: 288: 282: 281: 276: 270: 269: 264: 258: 257: 254: 252:Prime Minister 248: 247: 237: 236: 230: 229: 226: 220: 219: 214: 208: 207: 202: 200:Prime Minister 196: 195: 185: 184: 181: 175: 174: 171: 165: 164: 159: 157:Prime Minister 153: 152: 142: 141: 135: 134: 129: 123: 122: 117: 111: 110: 105: 101: 100: 90: 89: 83: 82: 79: 78: 75: 67: 66: 39: 36: 31: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6848: 6837: 6834: 6832: 6829: 6827: 6824: 6822: 6819: 6817: 6814: 6812: 6809: 6807: 6804: 6802: 6799: 6797: 6794: 6792: 6789: 6787: 6784: 6782: 6779: 6777: 6774: 6772: 6769: 6767: 6764: 6762: 6759: 6757: 6754: 6752: 6749: 6747: 6744: 6742: 6739: 6737: 6734: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6719: 6717: 6714: 6712: 6709: 6707: 6704: 6702: 6699: 6697: 6694: 6692: 6689: 6687: 6684: 6682: 6679: 6677: 6674: 6672: 6671:Victorian era 6669: 6668: 6666: 6645: 6637: 6635: 6632: 6631: 6628: 6620: 6617: 6613: 6610: 6609: 6608: 6605: 6603: 6600: 6598: 6595: 6593: 6590: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6580: 6578: 6575: 6573: 6570: 6568: 6565: 6564: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6555: 6553: 6550: 6548: 6545: 6544: 6542: 6538: 6532: 6529: 6527: 6524: 6520: 6517: 6515: 6512: 6510: 6507: 6505: 6502: 6500: 6497: 6495: 6492: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6482: 6480: 6477: 6475: 6472: 6471: 6469: 6467: 6466:Pax Britannia 6464: 6460: 6457: 6455: 6452: 6450: 6447: 6446: 6444: 6442: 6439: 6437: 6434: 6433: 6431: 6429: 6425: 6419: 6416: 6414: 6411: 6410: 6407: 6403: 6402:Victorian era 6396: 6391: 6389: 6384: 6382: 6377: 6376: 6373: 6361: 6358: 6357: 6355: 6353: 6349: 6343: 6340: 6339: 6337: 6335: 6331: 6325: 6322: 6321: 6319: 6317: 6313: 6307: 6304: 6303: 6301: 6299: 6295: 6291: 6285: 6282: 6281: 6279: 6277: 6273: 6267: 6264: 6263: 6261: 6259: 6255: 6249: 6246: 6245: 6243: 6241: 6237: 6231: 6228: 6227: 6225: 6223: 6219: 6213: 6210: 6209: 6207: 6205: 6201: 6195: 6192: 6191: 6189: 6187: 6183: 6179: 6173: 6170: 6169: 6167: 6165: 6161: 6155: 6152: 6151: 6149: 6147: 6143: 6138: 6128: 6125: 6124: 6122: 6120: 6116: 6112: 6108: 6103: 6099: 6096: 6092: 6085: 6080: 6078: 6073: 6071: 6066: 6065: 6062: 6050: 6049: 6045: 6040: 6038: 6037: 6028: 6027: 6024: 6018: 6015: 6013: 6010: 6008: 6005: 6003: 6000: 5998: 5995: 5994: 5992: 5986: 5980: 5977: 5975: 5972: 5970: 5967: 5965: 5962: 5960: 5957: 5955: 5952: 5950: 5947: 5945: 5942: 5940: 5937: 5935: 5932: 5930: 5927: 5925: 5922: 5920: 5917: 5915: 5912: 5910: 5907: 5905: 5902: 5900: 5897: 5895: 5892: 5890: 5887: 5885: 5882: 5881: 5879: 5873: 5868: 5858: 5855: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5845: 5843: 5842:Gordon Walker 5840: 5838: 5835: 5833: 5830: 5828: 5825: 5823: 5820: 5818: 5815: 5813: 5810: 5808: 5805: 5803: 5800: 5798: 5795: 5793: 5790: 5788: 5785: 5783: 5780: 5778: 5775: 5773: 5770: 5768: 5765: 5763: 5760: 5758: 5755: 5753: 5750: 5748: 5745: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5730: 5728: 5725: 5723: 5720: 5718: 5715: 5713: 5710: 5708: 5705: 5703: 5700: 5698: 5695: 5693: 5690: 5688: 5685: 5683: 5680: 5678: 5675: 5673: 5670: 5668: 5665: 5663: 5660: 5658: 5655: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5645: 5643: 5640: 5638: 5635: 5633: 5630: 5628: 5625: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5608: 5605: 5603: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5590: 5588: 5585: 5583: 5580: 5578: 5575: 5573: 5570: 5568: 5565: 5563: 5560: 5558: 5555: 5553: 5550: 5548: 5545: 5543: 5540: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5530: 5528: 5525: 5524: 5522: 5518: 5514: 5509: 5500: 5495: 5493: 5488: 5486: 5481: 5480: 5477: 5464: 5455: 5454: 5451: 5444: 5440: 5437: 5433: 5430: 5426: 5423: 5419: 5416: 5412: 5409: 5405: 5402: 5398: 5395: 5391: 5388: 5384: 5381: 5377: 5374: 5370: 5367: 5363: 5360: 5356: 5353: 5349: 5346: 5342: 5339: 5335: 5332: 5328: 5325: 5321: 5318: 5314: 5311: 5307: 5304: 5300: 5297: 5293: 5290: 5286: 5283: 5279: 5276: 5272: 5269: 5265: 5262: 5258: 5255: 5251: 5248: 5244: 5241: 5237: 5234: 5230: 5227: 5223: 5220: 5216: 5213: 5209: 5206: 5202: 5199: 5195: 5192: 5188: 5185: 5181: 5178: 5174: 5171: 5167: 5164: 5160: 5157: 5153: 5150: 5146: 5143: 5139: 5136: 5132: 5129: 5125: 5122: 5118: 5115: 5111: 5108: 5104: 5101: 5097: 5094: 5090: 5087: 5083: 5080: 5076: 5073: 5069: 5066: 5062: 5059: 5055: 5052: 5048: 5045: 5041: 5038: 5034: 5031: 5027: 5024: 5020: 5017: 5013: 5010: 5006: 5003: 4999: 4996: 4992: 4991: 4989: 4987: 4983: 4976: 4972: 4969: 4965: 4962: 4958: 4955: 4951: 4948: 4944: 4941: 4937: 4934: 4930: 4927: 4923: 4920: 4916: 4913: 4909: 4906: 4902: 4899: 4895: 4892: 4888: 4885: 4881: 4878: 4874: 4871: 4867: 4866: 4864: 4862: 4861:Great Britain 4858: 4853: 4849: 4842: 4837: 4835: 4830: 4828: 4823: 4822: 4819: 4813: 4806: 4797: 4788: 4787: 4781: 4777: 4774: 4770: 4766: 4757: 4756: 4749: 4748:George Gordon 4743: 4740: 4736: 4732: 4723: 4722: 4715: 4709: 4704: 4700: 4691: 4690: 4684: 4683: 4675: 4671: 4667: 4662: 4658: 4649: 4648: 4643: 4638: 4637: 4630: 4624: 4620: 4611: 4610: 4603: 4597: 4593: 4584: 4583: 4576: 4570: 4566: 4557: 4556: 4549: 4543: 4539: 4530: 4529: 4522: 4516: 4511: 4506: 4502: 4499: 4497: 4493: 4490: 4487: 4481: 4477: 4473: 4471: 4467: 4466: 4462: 4458: 4457: 4451: 4446: 4443: 4440: 4439: 4435: 4424: 4415: 4411: 4407: 4405: 4401: 4397: 4395: 4391: 4387: 4385: 4381: 4377: 4375: 4371: 4367: 4365: 4361: 4357: 4354: 4350: 4347: 4343: 4339: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4322: 4318: 4317: 4314: 4310: 4306: 4304: 4300: 4296: 4293: 4289: 4285: 4282:(vol 2 1922) 4281: 4277: 4276: 4275: 4272:(vol 1 1922) 4271: 4267: 4265: 4260: 4256: 4252: 4248: 4244: 4240: 4235: 4232: 4228: 4225: 4221: 4220: 4215: 4211: 4205: 4204:public domain 4193: 4192: 4179: 4173: 4165: 4159: 4151: 4145: 4136: 4130: 4126: 4120: 4113: 4107: 4100: 4099: 4094: 4090: 4085: 4078: 4074: 4070: 4064: 4048: 4047: 4039: 4037: 4035: 4033: 4031: 4029: 4027: 4019: 4013: 4006: 4000: 3993: 3987: 3985: 3983: 3975: 3969: 3962: 3956: 3954: 3947:, p. 47. 3946: 3941: 3926: 3922: 3916: 3900: 3896: 3890: 3874: 3873: 3868: 3862: 3855: 3849: 3842: 3836: 3829: 3823: 3817: 3813: 3807: 3800: 3796: 3790: 3784: 3778: 3772: 3766: 3759: 3753: 3746: 3740: 3732: 3725: 3718: 3712: 3705: 3699: 3692: 3688: 3684: 3680: 3675: 3667: 3665:9781330331842 3661: 3657: 3650: 3642: 3640:9781107631960 3636: 3632: 3625: 3618: 3612: 3605: 3599: 3591: 3589:9780199261642 3585: 3581: 3580: 3572: 3563: 3556: 3550: 3543: 3537: 3531: 3525: 3516: 3509: 3503: 3496: 3494: 3488: 3483: 3476: 3470: 3463: 3459: 3455: 3450: 3443: 3439: 3434: 3427: 3421: 3413: 3406: 3399: 3398:0-550-18022-2 3395: 3391: 3386: 3380:, p. 46. 3379: 3374: 3372: 3370: 3368: 3366: 3364: 3362: 3353: 3349: 3343: 3335: 3328: 3319: 3310: 3301: 3292: 3284: 3278: 3274: 3270: 3265: 3257: 3255: 3253: 3251: 3249: 3247: 3245: 3243: 3241: 3239: 3237: 3235: 3230: 3222: 3220: 3216: 3210: 3208: 3203: 3201: 3197: 3192: 3187: 3185: 3181: 3177: 3173: 3169: 3165: 3161: 3142: 3140: 3138: 3136: 3134: 3132: 3130: 3128: 3126: 3124: 3122: 3120: 3118: 3116: 3114: 3112: 3110: 3108: 3106: 3104: 3103: 3100: 3098: 3097: 3089: 3088: 3085: 3084: 3079: 3078: 3073: 3072: 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1945: 1942: 1941: 1936: 1935: 1930: 1929: 1926: 1920: 1919: 1916: 1915: 1902: 1901: 1896: 1895: 1887: 1886: 1883: 1882: 1877: 1876: 1871: 1870: 1864: 1863: 1860: 1859: 1850: 1849: 1844: 1843: 1838: 1832: 1831: 1828: 1827: 1822: 1821: 1816: 1815: 1812: 1806: 1805: 1802: 1801: 1784: 1783: 1778: 1777: 1772: 1766: 1765: 1762: 1761: 1756: 1755: 1750: 1749: 1746: 1740: 1739: 1736: 1735: 1726: 1725: 1720: 1719: 1711: 1710: 1707: 1706: 1701: 1700: 1695: 1694: 1691: 1685: 1684: 1681: 1680: 1667: 1666: 1661: 1660: 1655: 1649: 1648: 1645: 1644: 1639: 1638: 1633: 1632: 1626: 1625: 1622: 1621: 1612: 1611: 1606: 1605: 1600: 1594: 1593: 1590: 1589: 1584: 1583: 1578: 1577: 1574: 1568: 1548: 1547: 1544: 1543: 1539: 1538: 1529: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1518: 1513: 1509: 1504: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1486: 1482: 1474: 1471: 1468: 1465: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1451: 1447: 1444: 1443: 1442: 1440: 1436: 1428: 1425: 1422: 1419: 1418: 1417: 1415: 1414:Lord Abercorn 1411: 1404: 1403:Matthew Noble 1399: 1390: 1388: 1383: 1379: 1372: 1362: 1360: 1356: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1321: 1318: 1313: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1290: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1252: 1248: 1243: 1233: 1228: 1225: 1223: 1222: 1217: 1212: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1184: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1168: 1164: 1162: 1158: 1147: 1145: 1141: 1136: 1122: 1118: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1099: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1080: 1078: 1073: 1069: 1066:wrote in his 1065: 1059: 1051: 1046: 1036: 1034: 1028: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1017:Earl of Derby 1013: 1009: 1008:Irish Brigade 1004: 1002: 998: 994: 990: 986: 981: 978: 974: 970: 963:In opposition 960: 958: 954: 950: 946: 942: 938: 934: 930: 929:Oregon Treaty 926: 922: 918: 914: 910: 906: 901: 899: 895: 891: 887: 880: 868: 861: 857: 856: 851: 842: 840: 835: 833: 832:Privy Council 829: 823: 818: 815: 813: 809: 805: 801: 797: 793: 789: 785: 781: 777: 773: 769: 766: 756: 754: 750: 746: 742: 738: 734: 730: 726: 722: 718: 714: 704: 702: 698: 694: 690: 686: 682: 678: 673: 669: 665: 661: 657: 652: 650: 644: 642: 638: 634: 630: 626: 622: 617: 610: 603: 596: 589: 582: 578: 569: 565: 561: 557: 554: 551: 549: 545: 540: 537: 533: 530: 527:9, including 526: 522: 489: 463: 458: 457: 455: 451: 448:(before 1834) 447: 442: 437: 434: 428: 424: 421: 417: 414: 411: 409:Resting place 407: 404: 400: 396: 392: 383: 379: 376: 375:Great Britain 372: 368: 364: 350:George Gordon 348: 344: 339: 335: 332: 329: 323: 320: 317: 311: 307: 301: 295: 290: 287: 283: 280: 277: 271: 268: 265: 259: 255: 249: 243: 238: 235: 231: 227: 221: 218: 215: 209: 206: 203: 197: 191: 186: 182: 176: 172: 166: 163: 160: 154: 148: 143: 140: 136: 133: 130: 124: 121: 118: 112: 109: 106: 102: 96: 91: 88: 84: 80: 73: 68: 63: 59: 55: 51: 47: 43: 34: 29: 26: 22: 6634:Bibliography 6547:Demographics 6493: 6445:By location 6436:British Army 6265: 6041: 6029: 5889:Douglas-Home 5832:Douglas-Home 5631: 5611: 5345:Douglas-Home 5254:Lloyd George 5120: 4919:G. Grenville 4784: 4780:New creation 4779: 4753: 4719: 4687: 4680: 4669: 4645: 4634: 4607: 4580: 4553: 4526: 4463: 4454: 4409: 4399: 4389: 4379: 4369: 4359: 4352: 4345: 4337: 4324: 4320: 4312: 4298: 4279: 4269: 4242: 4238: 4230: 4217: 4189:Bibliography 4177: 4172: 4163: 4158: 4149: 4144: 4124: 4119: 4111: 4110:J. Debrett, 4106: 4097: 4092: 4084: 4076: 4072: 4068: 4063: 4053:24 September 4051:. Retrieved 4045: 4017: 4012: 4004: 3999: 3991: 3973: 3968: 3960: 3945:Holland 1911 3940: 3928:. Retrieved 3924: 3915: 3903:. Retrieved 3899:the original 3889: 3879:24 September 3877:. Retrieved 3870: 3861: 3853: 3848: 3840: 3835: 3827: 3822: 3811: 3806: 3794: 3789: 3777: 3765: 3757: 3752: 3744: 3739: 3730: 3724: 3716: 3711: 3703: 3698: 3682: 3674: 3655: 3649: 3630: 3624: 3616: 3611: 3603: 3598: 3578: 3571: 3562: 3554: 3549: 3541: 3536: 3524: 3515: 3507: 3502: 3495:: Volume 11, 3490: 3482: 3474: 3469: 3457: 3449: 3441: 3433: 3425: 3420: 3411: 3405: 3385: 3378:Holland 1911 3351: 3342: 3333: 3327: 3318: 3309: 3300: 3291: 3268: 3211: 3204: 3188: 3168:Presbyterian 3163: 3157: 2440: 1515: 1507: 1505: 1500: 1481:Argyll House 1478: 1432: 1407: 1374: 1327: 1314: 1291: 1256: 1230: 1226: 1219: 1213: 1185: 1169: 1165: 1153: 1137: 1133: 1100: 1081: 1067: 1060: 1056: 1029: 1005: 1000: 993:Free Traders 982: 966: 937:Henry Bulwer 902: 883: 853: 836: 827: 825: 820: 816: 780:tuberculosis 762: 710: 700: 696: 692: 653: 645: 629:Conservative 620: 576: 575: 441:Conservative 432:affiliations 386:(1860-12-14) 326:Succeeded by 293: 274:Succeeded by 241: 224:Succeeded by 189: 179:Succeeded by 146: 127:Succeeded by 94: 25: 6686:1860 deaths 6681:1784 births 6592:Masculinity 5767:Chamberlain 5597:Castlereagh 5303:Chamberlain 4468:1803–2005: 3930:23 December 1485:St. James's 1346:Creole case 1277:, north of 1221:Charlemagne 1157:Crimean War 875: 1847 672:Robert Peel 641:Crimean War 443:(1834–1846) 438:(1859–1860) 425:(1846–1859) 314:Preceded by 262:Preceded by 212:Preceded by 169:Preceded by 115:Preceded by 6665:Categories 5909:Carrington 5717:Iddesleigh 5662:Malmesbury 5647:Malmesbury 5637:Palmerston 5627:Palmerston 5622:Wellington 5617:Palmerston 5557:Hawkesbury 5142:Palmerston 5128:Palmerston 5079:Wellington 5058:Wellington 4954:Rockingham 4926:Rockingham 4898:Devonshire 4877:Wilmington 4790:1814–1860 4759:1801–1860 4725:1846–1860 4693:1813–1814 4651:1852–1855 4613:1841–1846 4586:1834–1835 4559:1828–1830 3921:"Umbrella" 3164:ex officio 1512:Lord Byron 1387:Opium Wars 1279:Sevastopol 707:Early life 668:Wellington 666:death and 621:Lord Haddo 548:Alma mater 391:St James's 367:Midlothian 356:1784-01-28 6612:Burlesque 6587:Jewellery 6567:Cosmetics 6102:1834–1835 5894:Callaghan 5822:Macmillan 5772:Henderson 5762:MacDonald 5742:Lansdowne 5737:Salisbury 5732:Kimberley 5722:Salisbury 5707:Salisbury 5702:Granville 5697:Salisbury 5687:Granville 5682:Clarendon 5672:Clarendon 5657:Clarendon 5642:Granville 5592:Wellesley 5552:Grenville 5373:Callaghan 5338:Macmillan 5324:Churchill 5310:Churchill 5289:MacDonald 5275:MacDonald 5226:Salisbury 5212:Gladstone 5205:Salisbury 5198:Gladstone 5191:Salisbury 5184:Gladstone 5170:Gladstone 5093:Melbourne 5072:Melbourne 5037:Liverpool 5002:Addington 4961:Shelburne 4905:Newcastle 4891:Newcastle 4259:143965932 3747:, p. 145. 3719:, p. 109. 3706:, p. 105. 3487:Karl Marx 3184:Middlesex 1294:Balaclava 1275:Eupatoria 1259:Wallachia 1204:Wallachia 1173:Holy Land 997:Corn Laws 969:Corn Laws 719:, son of 713:Edinburgh 699:. 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Knowledge

George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen

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