George C. Marshall

2497: 2011: 3133: 2325: 2181: 1536: 3474: 1687:, from 1936 to 1938, and was promoted to brigadier general in October 1936. In addition to obtaining a long-sought and significant troop command, traditionally viewed as an indispensable step to the pinnacle of the US Army, Marshall was also responsible for 35 Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) camps in Oregon and southern Washington. As post commander Marshall made a concerted effort to cultivate relations with the city of Portland and to enhance the image of the US Army in the region. With the CCC, he initiated a series of measures to improve the morale of the participants and to make the experience beneficial in their later life. He started a newspaper for the CCC region that provided a vehicle to promote CCC successes, and he initiated a variety of programs that developed participants' skills and improved their health. Marshall's inspections of the CCC camps gave him and his wife Katherine the chance to enjoy the beauty of the American 1526:

to the Government of the United States, in a duty of great responsibility during World War I. Colonel Marshall has performed the duties of Assistant Chief of Staff, G-3, 1st Division, from 26 June 1917 to 12 July 1918. He served in the G-3 Section, General Headquarters, American Expeditionary Forces, from 13 July 1918 to 19 August 1918, in G-3 section, 1st Army, from 20 August 1918 to 16 October 1918; as Assistant Chief of Staff, G-3, of the 1st Army from 17 October to 19 November 1918; and as Chief of Staff of the 8th Army Corps from 20 November 1918 to 15 January 1918, during which period the 1st Division served in the Toul sector and at the Cantigny attack and the 1st Army operations in the St. Mihiel and Meuse-Argonne offensives. By untiring, painstaking, and energetic efforts he succeeded in all these undertakings. His efforts had a marked influence on the successes achieved by the units with which he served.

1442:(C-in-C) of the AEF, inspected the 1st Division. Unimpressed by what he observed, Pershing began to berate the division commander, Major General Sibert, in front of his staff, including Marshall. Sibert took Pershing's criticism in silence, but when Pershing turned his attention to the division chief of staff, Marshall angrily interceded to inform Pershing of logistical and administrative difficulties of which Pershing was unaware. Marshall also informed Pershing that the AEF staff had not been very helpful in dealing with the problems. Sibert and his staff were concerned that Marshall's willingness to confront Pershing had probably cost him his career. Instead, Pershing began to seek out Marshall and ask for his advice whenever he visited the 1st Division, which, over the winter, "completed extensive training, much of it under French tutelage". By mid-April 1918 the division, now commanded by Major General 2840:

Authority" and "Immensity of Integrity". He viewed his world in definitive black and white with no vagueness in arguments or gray areas in decision-making. Marshall is best known for giving his name and prestige to the Marshall Plan to rebuild the European economy. However, he suffered several defeats – he failed in the year-long effort to resolve the Chinese Civil War; he was defeated in his proposal to impose universal military service on all American men; and he was overruled by President Truman when he opposed the recognition of Israel. Historians agree that Truman depended heavily upon Marshall's prestige at a time of intensely bitter partisanship. Wilson Miscamble points to Marshall's delayed recognition of the threat posed by the Soviet Union – not until April 1947 did he realize the dangers. Miscamble concludes that recent studies show that Marshall was:

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tactics. At the time, most U.S. commanders at lower levels had little or no combat experience of any kind. Without the input of experienced British or Allied combat officers on the nature of modern warfare and enemy tactics, many resorted to formulaic training methods emphasizing static defense and orderly large-scale advances by motorized convoys over improved roads. In consequence, Army forces deploying to Africa in

3779: 2812:, Section 7, Grave 8198, beside his first wife and her mother, Elizabeth Pendleton Coles (1849–1929). His second wife was also buried with him after she died on 18 December 1978. On its reverse side, the marble headstone lists General Marshall's positions held: "Chief of Staff U.S. Army, Secretary of State, President of American Red Cross, Secretary of Defense." The five-star rank adorns both sides of the stone. 2623: 2598:

At another meeting the following day, Marshall and Bradley continued to oppose MacArthur's relief. On April 8, the Joint Chiefs of Staff met with Marshall, and each expressed the view that MacArthur's relief was desirable from a "military point of view," suggesting that "if MacArthur were not relieved, a large segment of our people would charge that civil authorities no longer controlled the military."

5385:"General Marshall could see the President anytime, but being a general he never took advantage of this. In fact, on one occasion, I think it was over Palestine actually, he told the President – I was told by somebody at the meeting – "Mr. President, if you take this action I wouldn't vote for you, but of course I don't vote." He as an Army officer never voted apparently in his life" ( 5241: 2709: 2725:

Marshall were long estranged because George married Lily Coles, who a few years before had rejected Stuart's proposal. When Stuart found out George was engaged to Lily, Stuart made unkind remarks about her, and George "cut him off my list." Marshall's sister, Marie Louise (1876–1962) was the wife of Dr. John Johnson Singer, an Army physician who died in 1934.

2133:. While Marshall enjoyed considerable success in working with Congress and Roosevelt, he refused to lobby for the position. Roosevelt selected Eisenhower, in large part because he did not want to do without Marshall in the Chief of Staff position. He told Marshall, "I didn't feel I could sleep at ease if you were out of Washington." 2654:, Marshall wrote, "The business of seeds and flowers tantalizes me because I have been an amateur gardener, both flower and vegetable, since a boy of ten. There is nothing I would so much prefer to do this spring as to turn my mind to the wholesome business of gardening rather than the terrible problems and tragedies of war." 2171:

exceptionally meritorious and distinguished services to the Government of the United States, in a duty of great responsibility during the period from September 1939 through November 1945. The singularly distinctive accomplishments of General Marshall reflect the highest credit upon himself and the United States Army.

1453:, which took place from 28 to 31 May 1918; Marshall's success resulted in the first notable American victory of the war. As he conducted pre-attack planning, Marshall traveled alone under cover of darkness to personally view the terrain and mentally map it. Marshall ventured beyond the front lines and far into 1660:, who was a Republican and with whom Marshall had a contentious relationship, did not appreciate Marshall's views. After only a few months at Ft. Moultrie, MacArthur engineered Marshall's abrupt transfer to Chicago, where he served as senior instructor and chief of staff for the Illinois National Guard's 2977:. The slightly larger-than-life statue was sponsored by the Marshall Center, the Friends of the Marshall Center and the City of Garmisch-Partenkirchen. It shows Marshall in uniform walking across a bronze bridge, facing east, to greet new friends and allies and was designed by artist Christiane Horn of 2247:

concluded arrived at the War Department later on the morning of 7 December 1941 than he initially claimed during testimony and invented a story about a warning to affected army commanders about the imminent Pearl Harbor Attack being delayed because he had been unable to get in touch with Marshall, an

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The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress 9 July 1918, takes pleasure in presenting a Bronze Oak Leaf Cluster in lieu of a Second Award of the Army Distinguished Service Medal to General of the Army George Catlett Marshall, Jr. (ASN: 0-1616), United States Army, for

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and effective transfer of combat experience to new soldiers and officers. In Europe, where there were few pauses in combat with German forces, the individual replacement system had broken down completely by late 1944. Hastily trained replacements or service personnel reassigned as infantry were often

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In an interview late in his life, when asked whether he regarded himself a Virginian, he answered: 'My family are Kentucky. I myself was the only member of the family born up north... I married two Virginians, very ardent Virginians, and I went to school in a very ardent, historical Virginia section

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that "Marshall is the greatest man I ever met ... I think he was the greatest human being who was also a great man ... He was a tremendous gentleman, an old fashioned institution which isn't with us anymore." The story Welles related to Cavett to illustrate his point was about a time he saw Marshall

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On 15 October 1930, Marshall married Katherine Boyce Tupper (8 October 1882 – 18 December 1978); They had no children, but she was the mother of three children with Baltimore lawyer Clifton Stevenson Brown. He had been murdered by a disgruntled client in 1928. The second Mrs. Marshall was a graduate

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incident in which upperclassmen positioned an unsheathed bayonet with the point up and directed him to squat over it. After twenty minutes, Marshall fainted and fell. When he awoke, he had a deep laceration to one of his buttocks. While being treated for his injury, Marshall refused to inform on his

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General Marshall could see the President anytime, but being a general he never took advantage of this. In fact, on one occasion, I think it was over Palestine actually, he told the President -- I was told by somebody at the meeting -- "Mr. President, if you take this action I wouldn't vote for you,

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Marshall's Silver Star citation reads: "he was Assistant Chief of Staff for Operations at the First Division Headquarters from June 8, 1917, to July 6, 1918. By his superior professional attainments, his tactical skill, his sound judgment, and his courageous conduct in obtaining information through

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and the George C. Marshall International Center, actively propagate General Marshall's legacy. The Marshall Foundation oversees Marshall's official papers and over two million other documents relating to the 20th century. The International Center preserves Marshall's home, Dodona Manor, as a museum

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and became a manager and executive in several metal production corporations, including the American Manganese Manufacturing Company. He later worked as a metallurgist and consulting engineer specializing in the production and operation of blast furnaces, coke ovens, and foundries. George and Stuart

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Marshall, Bradley, Acheson, and Harriman met with Truman again on April 9. Bradley informed the President of the views of the Joint Chiefs, and Marshall added that he agreed with them. Truman wrote in his diary that "it is of unanimous opinion of all that MacArthur be relieved. All four so advise."

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Harriman was emphatically in favor of MacArthur's relief, but Bradley opposed it. Marshall asked for more time to consider the matter. Acheson was in favor but did not disclose this, instead warning Truman that if he did it, MacArthur's relief would cause "the biggest fight of your administration."

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suggested diplomatic overtures to China, Marshall opposed, arguing that it was impossible to negotiate with the Communist government. In addition, Marshall expressed concern that concessions to China would undermine confidence in the U.S. among its Asian allies, including Japan and the Philippines.

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in 1945. The Netherlands ignored the Truman administration's initial entreaties. As a result, the Marshall Plan program for the Netherlands' economic recovery was put on hold and the Truman administration threatened to cut all economic aid. The Netherlands finally agreed to withdraw and transferred

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The new men were often not even proficient in the use of their own weapons, and once in combat, could not receive enough practical instruction from veterans before being killed or wounded, sometimes within the first few days. Under such conditions, many soldiers suffered a crippling loss of morale,

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to focus efforts on rapidly producing large numbers of soldiers. With the exception of airborne forces, Marshall approved McNair's concept of an abbreviated training schedule for men entering Army land forces training, particularly in regard to basic infantry skills, weapons proficiency, and combat

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did not yet have a single division at full operational strength. Despite others' belief then that Marshall had ended his career, his willingness to express disagreement resulted in Roosevelt nominating Marshall to be the Army Chief of Staff. At the time of the appointment, Marshall was only 34th in

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The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress, 9 July 1918, takes pleasure in presenting the Army Distinguished Service Medal to Colonel (Infantry) George Catlett Marshall, Jr. (ASN: 0-1616), United States Army, for exceptionally meritorious and distinguished services

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troops. On 26 May, he was injured while traveling to several subordinate units to conduct pre-attack coordination. As he departed the division headquarters area, his horse stumbled, fell, and rolled over; Marshall's left foot was caught in the stirrup, and he sustained a severe sprain and bruise. A

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Marshall even went to great lengths to prevent himself from falling prey to the allures of power. He had always refused to vote because he subscribed to the belief that a professional soldier should remain above politics, but he took other steps to insulate himself from the corrupting influence of

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In a television interview after leaving office, Truman was asked which American he thought had made the greatest contribution of the preceding thirty years. Without hesitation, Truman picked Marshall, adding "I don't think in this age in which I have lived, that there has been a man who has been a

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On 11 February 1902, Marshall married Elizabeth Carter "Lily" Coles at her mother's home in Lexington, Virginia. Marshall met Lily after listening to her play the piano across the street from VMI. Marshall, being immediately smitten, would "run the block", or leave barracks after hours, to be with

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and other Allies. By mid-1943, however, after pressure from government and business leaders to preserve manpower for industry and agriculture, he had abandoned this plan in favor of a 90-division Army using individual replacements sent via a circuitous process from training to divisions in combat.

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by 15,000 aircraft per year in preparation for World War II. With all other attendees voicing support, Marshall was the only one to disagree, pointing out the lack of consideration for logistical support or training. Marshall also spoke in favor of a large ground army although Roosevelt had said a

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Following Chinese military intervention in Korea during late November, Marshall and the Joint Chiefs of Staff sought ways to aid MacArthur while avoiding all-out war with China. In the debate over what to do about China's increased involvement, Marshall opposed a cease-fire on the grounds that it

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for 1943. Marshall resigned his post of chief of staff on 18 November 1945, but did not retire, as regulations stipulate that Generals of the Army remain on active duty for life. He was succeeded as Army chief of staff by General of the Army Dwight Eisenhower. During this time, he also received a

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to Eisenhower for a major command in the American invasion of North Africa during Operation Torch. Marshall was especially fond of Fredendall, describing him as "one of the best" and remarking in a staff meeting when his name was mentioned, "I like that man; you can see determination all over his

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After arriving in France, Marshall served with the 1st Division on the Saint-Mihiel, Picardy, and Cantigny fronts. Although the division was designated as a Regular Army formation, most of the officers and men serving within its ranks were almost completely lacking in combat experience. They were

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In addition to his military success, Marshall is primarily remembered as the driving force behind the Marshall Plan, which provided billions of dollars in aid to post war Europe to restart the economies of the destroyed countries. In recent years, the cooperation required between former European

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had suggested to Truman that the plan be called the Truman Plan, but Truman immediately dismissed that idea and insisted that it be called the Marshall Plan. The Marshall Plan would help Europe rebuild and modernize its economy along American lines and open up new opportunities for international

2228:, were both relieved of their duties. The final report of the Joint Committee did not single out or fault Marshall. While the report was critical of the overall situation, the committee noted that subordinates had failed to pass on important information to their superiors, including to Marshall. 1216:

because of his average grades, he looked to the Virginia Military Institute (VMI) for a formal education. Marshall's brother Stuart, a VMI alumnus, believed George would not succeed and argued that their mother should not let George attend out of concern that he would "disgrace the family name."

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Marshall's reputation for excellence as a military organizer and planner was recognized early in his career and became known throughout the Army. In a performance appraisal prepared while Marshall was a lieutenant in the Philippines, his superior, Captain E. J. Williams responded to the routine

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As William Taylor and other historians have recently emphasized, George Marshall was the best-known and most active – and most selfless – American leader in the early Cold War. His leadership had a distinct, signature style which contained "Disdain for false speaking and dissembling", "Aura of

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Historians credit the high regard others had for Marshall's personal integrity as another reason for his positive legacy. In addition to his willingness to confront Pershing over Pershing's berating of the 1st Division chief of staff during World War I, Marshall cited other instances where he

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Throughout his retirement, Marshall served as chairman of the American Battle Monuments Commission. He oversaw the construction of fourteen cemeteries in eight countries following World War II to memorialize those killed or missing in battle. In the early 1950s, Marshall argued for the speedy

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for 1943 and 1947. Marshall retired from active service in 1945, but remained on active duty, as required for holders of five-star rank. From 15 December 1945 to January 1947, Marshall served as a special envoy to China in an unsuccessful effort to negotiate a coalition government between the

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in Washington, D.C., on 16 October 1959. two months shy of his 79th birthday. Although he was entitled to official proceedings, Marshall preferred simplicity, so he received a special military funeral that dispensed with many of the usual activities. The ceremonies included lying in state at

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in March 1951 saying, "I am naturally hesitant to become personally involved in individual personnel problems, but in this case, am deeply concerned about the overall moral factor if our foreign national cemeteries are not adequately maintained...." Marshall's efforts to secure building and

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During his years at VMI, Marshall always ranked first in military discipline and about midway academically. He attained the rank of first captain, the highest a cadet could achieve, and graduated 15th of 34 in the Class of 1901. Marshall received a diploma, not a degree. At the time of his

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prohibited a uniformed military officer from serving in the post. This prohibition included Marshall since individuals promoted to General of the Army are not technically retired but remain officially on active duty. Marshall was the first person to be granted such a waiver; in 2017,

1407:, a fifty-six-year-old engineer officer. After overseeing the division's mobilization and organization in Texas, he departed for France with the division staff in mid-1917. On the long ocean voyage, his roommate was the division's assistant chief of staff for training, Major 2196:

received testimony on the intelligence failure. It amassed 25,000 pages of documents, 40 volumes, and included nine reports and investigations, eight of which had been previously completed. These reports included criticism of Marshall for delaying sending Lieutenant General

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to take his seat before the ceremony, the congregation rose to its feet as a gesture of respect. Marshall looked behind him to see who the arriving dignitary was, then realized the congregation had stood for him. Marshall was also invited to the post-ceremony banquet at

2054:, he convinced the United Kingdom to accept this strategy, including the focus on defeating Germany first and the establishment of international unified commands in control of all Allied forces in a given theatre. His push for unity of command, in particular through the 1856:. Beginning in July 1940, he was greatly assisted in this effort by newly appointed Secretary of War Henry Stimson, whom Marshall would gradually displace as the most significant leader of the U.S. military apparatus in a deviation from the United States' tradition of 1808:

As Chief of Staff, Marshall organized the largest military expansion in American history, inheriting an outmoded, poorly equipped army of 189,000 men and, partly drawing from his experience teaching and developing techniques of modern warfare as an instructor at the

1860:. Though he had never actually led troops in combat, Marshall was a skilled organizer with a talent for inspiring other officers. Many of the American generals who were given top commands during the war were either picked or recommended by Marshall, including 2650:. Gardening was one of Marshall's favorite pastimes, and in retirement he grew vegetables throughout the year, including tomatoes and pumpkins, while Katherine Marshall enjoyed tending to her rose garden. In a 1942 letter to David Burpee, president of the 10530: 2861:

completed a written evaluation of Marshall's performance in which he called Marshall a military genius. Responding to the question of whether he would want his subordinate Marshall to serve under him again, Hagood wrote "Yes, but I would prefer to serve

11816: 2805:. In accordance with Marshall's wishes, there was no eulogy. Following the burial service, an artillery battery fired a 19-gun salute and a bugler played taps. The flag that draped Marshall's casket was folded and given to Mrs. Marshall by a VMI cadet. 1535: 2927:

take the time to speak with a young American soldier who had accidentally entered the same room. The young man was starstruck to have accidentally stumbled upon Marshall, yet Marshall still patiently and politely engaged the soldier in conversation.

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and they went to see Roosevelt; Marshall emphasized the supreme importance of getting the full amount and told Roosevelt "you have got to do something and you've got to do it today". Marshall's advocacy worked and he got "all he wanted and more".

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When rumors circulated that Marshall would become the Supreme Commander of Operation Overlord, many critics viewed the potential transfer as a demotion, since he would leave his position as Chief of Staff of the Army and lose his seat on the

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Marshall was educated at Miss Alcinda Thompson's private school in Uniontown and spent a year at Uniontown's Central School. Having decided early in life that he desired a career in the military, but unlikely to obtain an appointment to the

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face." Eisenhower duly picked him to command the 39,000-man Central Task Force (the largest of three) in Operation Torch. Both men would come to regret that decision, as Fredendall was the leader of U.S. Army forces at the disastrous

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One of Marshall's stepsons, Allen Tupper Brown, was an Army lieutenant who was killed in Italy on 29 May 1944. Another stepson was Major Clifton Stevenson Brown Jr. (1914–1952). Stepdaughter Molly Brown Winn, the mother of actress

2801:, and Matthew B. Ridgway. His parish priest, Franklin Moss Jr., from St. James Episcopal Church in Leesburg conducted the chapel and graveside services, assisted by former chief chaplain and National Cathedral Canon the Reverend 2524:, as assistant secretary of defense for manpower. He also worked to rebuild the relationship between the Defense and State Departments, as well as the relationship between the Secretary of Defense and the Joint Chiefs of Staff. 1323:

and other guerrilla uprisings. He was schooled in modern warfare, including tours from 1906 to 1910 as both a student and an instructor. He was ranked first of five Honor Graduates of his Infantry-Cavalry School Course (now the

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personal visits to the most exposed lines, he contributed in a determining manner to the training, morale, and operations of the Division in the Toul Sector, the Cantigny Sector, and the movement for the offensive at Soissons."

2551:. Marshall and the Joint Chiefs of Staff were generally supportive of MacArthur because they were of the view that field commanders should be able to exercise their best judgment in accomplishing the intent of their superiors. 1925:

and other major battles. Even as late as 1944, American soldiers undergoing stateside training in preparation for deployment against German forces in Europe were not being trained in combat procedures and tactics in use there.

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seniority, outranked by 21 major generals and 11 brigadier generals, but he was fifth under an unwritten rule that the chief of staff should be able to serve a four-year term before reaching the mandatory retirement age of 64.

2643:. Purchased by the Marshalls in 1941, Dodona had previously served as a quiet weekend retreat for the busy couple. The home was restored beginning in the 1990s and the house and its gardens are open to the public as a museum. 14462: 2555:

would make the U.S. look weak in China's eyes, leading to demands for future concessions. In addition, Marshall argued that the U.S. had a moral obligation to honor its commitment to South Korea. When British Prime Minister

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of Infantry in February 1902 and immediately went to the Philippines. He served in the United States and overseas in positions of increasing rank, including platoon leader and company commander in the Philippines during the

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In mid-1918, Pershing brought Marshall on to the AEF operations staff, G-3, where he worked closely with Pershing and was a key planner of American operations. He was instrumental in the planning and coordination of the

14428: 10202: 14498: 8277: 14474: 2761:, was married to Colonel James Julius Winn, who had been an aide to Marshall. Molly Winn was active in preserving Marshall's legacy, including preserving Dodona Manor and publishing Marshall's World War I memoirs. 2896:, favored the Navy during World War II planning, Marshall suggested that Roosevelt stop referring to the Navy as "us" and the Army as "them." Roosevelt laughed, but Marshall's humorous protest had made its point. 2539:. A secret "eyes only" signal from Marshall to MacArthur on 29 September 1950, declared the Truman administration's commitment: "We want you to feel unhampered strategically and tactically to proceed north of the 1970:. As one historian concluded, "Had the Germans been given a free hand to devise a replacement system..., one that would do the Americans the most harm and the least good, they could not have done a better job." 11800: 860: 2850:

question of whether he would want the evaluated officer to serve under his command again by writing of Marshall "Should the exigencies of active service place him in exalted command I would be glad to serve

14523: 8254:"GA Marshall was added to the Order in 1944 as just the 3rd Honorary Commander-in-Chief in MOWW History. According to our organization’s documents, we have one Honorary Commander in Chief at a time." 5642: 2877:, paid tribute to Marshall in front of a gathering of members of the Army staff, concluding with: "I have seen a great many soldiers in my lifetime and you, Sir, are the finest soldier I have ever known." 2844:

An important contributor but hardly a dominant figure in the making of postwar American foreign policy. He had a special gift for delegation and he drew forth impressive contributions from various capable

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On 11 April 1951, President Truman directed transmittal of an order to MacArthur, issued over Bradley's signature, relieving MacArthur of his assignment in Korea and directing him to turn over command to

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of the Grand Lodge of the District of Columbia. ("At sight" is the procedure by which a Grand Master confers on a candidate all three Masonic degrees – Apprentice, Fellowcraft, and Master – at one time.)

11390: 2866:." (Emphasis added) Hagood went on to recommend Marshall's immediate promotion to brigadier general, despite the fact that there were more than 1,800 officers, including Hagood, who were senior to him. 1217:

Determined to "wipe his brother's face," Marshall enrolled at the age of sixteen in December 1897. To pay for his tuition and expenses, Marshall's mother sold parcels of land she owned in Uniontown and

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Katherine's love of roses was well known, leading inventor Eugene S. Boerner to create the Katherine Tupper Marshall Rose, a pink hybrid tea rose. It was patented by Jackson and Perkins in 1943.

1149:, Marshall worked to restore the military's confidence and morale after the end of its post-World War II demobilization and then its initial buildup for combat in Korea and operations during the 1973:

Marshall's abilities to pick competent field commanders during the early part of the war was decidedly mixed. He was instrumental in advancing the careers of the highly capable generals such as

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physician bound Marshall's injured ankle and foot with adhesive tape so he could avoid medical evacuation and remain with the division to oversee the attack. In 1920, Marshall was awarded the

2396:. He told President Truman in May 1948, "If you and if I were to vote in the election, I would vote against you." However, Marshall refused to vote in any election as a matter of principle. 12375: 2201:, the Army commander in Hawaii, important information obtained from intercepted Japanese diplomatic messages. The report also criticized Marshall's lack of knowledge of the readiness of the 2683:

After retiring, Marshall largely withdrew from public life. A notable exception was in June 1953, when he accepted President Eisenhower's appointment to head the American delegation to the

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Faced with the necessity of turning former civilians into an army of over eight million soldiers by 1942 (a fortyfold increase within three years), Marshall directed McNair as commander of

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in April 1917, Marshall had roles as a planner of both training and operations. In the summer, he was assigned as assistant chief of staff for operations on the staff of the newly created

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based on The Papers of George Catlett Marshall, vol. 2, "We Cannot Delay," July 1, 1939 – December 6, 1941 (Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986), p. 616 .

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maintenance staff for the cemeteries were successful, doubling the number of military officers assigned to the work. On 13 September 1952, Marshall attended the dedication ceremony of

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Throughout the remainder of World War II, Marshall coordinated Allied operations in both Europe and the Pacific. He was characterized as the organizer of Allied victory by Churchill.

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Shots Fired In Anger: A Rifleman's View of the War in the Pacific, 1942–1945, Including the Campaign on Guadalcanal and Fighting with Merrill's Marauders in the Jungles of Burma

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Note – Marshall served as Secretary of State from 21 January 1947 to 20 January 1949. He retired from the Army on 28 February 1947 and returned to active duty on 1 March 1949.

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Letter to Charles J. Graham, September 23, 1941 : "...as to my political faith—I have never voted, my father was a democrat, my mother a republican, and I am an Episcopalian."

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When some in Congress favored expanding the war in Korea and confronting China, Marshall argued against a wider war in Korea, continuing instead to stress the importance of

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is still used as an officer's training manual in the Infantry Officer's Course and was the training manual for most of the infantry officers and leaders of World War II.

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forces fighting in the Korean War, which contradicted President Truman's on prosecution of the war, on the morning of 6 April 1951, Truman held a meeting with Marshall,

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in late 1947 said he was underperforming like "a four-engine bomber going only on one engine." Truman named him to the largely honorific positions of chairman of the

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retired in 1939, Marshall assumed the role of Chief of Staff in an acting capacity before his appointment to the position, which he held until the war's end in 1945.

2610:. In line with Marshall's view, and those of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, MacArthur's relief was looked upon by proponents as being necessary to reassert the tenet of 1064:(CCC) camps in Oregon and Southern Washington. In July 1938, Marshall was assigned to the War Plans Division on the War Department staff; he later became the Army's 12287: 9451: 12063: 10514: 11317: 2500:

Secretary of Defense George C. Marshall discussing the Korean War with President Truman and Special Assistant to the President Averell Harriman in the Oval Office

10490: 5273: 2970: 13565: 11382: 8587: 1319:, Marshall received various postings in the United States and the Philippines, including serving as an infantry platoon leader and company commander during the 18656: 18571: 17802: 16024: 9974:

Brecher, Frank W. (2012). "US Secretary of State George C. Marshall's Losing Battles against President Harry S. Truman's Palestine Policy, January–June 1948".

3722: 1698:, and subsequently reassigned as Deputy Chief of Staff. In that capacity, then-Brigadier General Marshall attended a White House conference at which President 2372:

Truman repeatedly rejected Marshall's advice on Middle Eastern policy. As Secretary of State, Marshall strongly opposed recognizing the newly formed state of

2213:

made a Japanese attack on the island impossible. These recommendations were dismissed by the President but could have been catastrophic if they had not been.

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Aldrich, Edward Farley. "The Partnership: George Marshall, Henry Stimson, and the Extraordinary Collaboration that Won World War II." (Stackpole Books, 2022)

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during November and December 1941. Marshall also advised President Roosevelt to move part of the United States Pacific Fleet to the Atlantic Ocean to assist

12989:

The Last Salute: Civil and Military Funeral, 1921–1969, Chapter XIX, General of the Army George C. Marshall, Special Military Funeral, 16 – October 20, 1959

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graduation, the top five or six VMI graduates received bachelor's degrees. The rest received diplomas attesting to their status as graduates. He played

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Olsen, Howard A. "George C. Marshall, emergence of a politician, 1 September 1939 to 6 December 1941" (Army Command And General Staff College, 1990)

11882: 11636: 11102: 10252: 1908:, the World War II officer's guide to infantry combat operations. Marshall directed production of the book, which is still used as a reference today. 11862: 15671: 14876: 14021: 12312: 12016:(Drama, History). Brian Dennehy, David Strathairn, Michael Tucker, Hume Cronyn. AT&T, Spelling Entertainment, World International Network (WIN) 11906: 10364: 10094: 9113: 3041: 2480:

became the third. Marshall's main role as Secretary of Defense was to restore confidence and morale to the Defense Department while rebuilding the

2148:

of European Allies; Marshall had objected to being awarded the title of field marshal, as it would have given him the title of "Marshal Marshall".

1391:, France, 17 January 1918. To Bullard's right is Lieutenant Colonel George C. Marshall, the 1st Division's assistant chief of staff for operations. 12979: 10845: 2423:

Marshall resigned as Secretary of State because of ill health on 7 January 1949. He was severely exhausted throughout his tenure in the position.

1962:

while veterans were kept at the front until they were killed, wounded, or incapacitated by battle fatigue or illness. Incidents of soldiers going

1173:, the youngest of three children born to George Catlett Marshall and Laura Emily (née Bradford) Marshall. Both sides of his family were long from 18501: 11666: 11219: 9117: 2365: 1065: 666: 861: 18616: 18586: 12606:

Higginbotham, Don. "George Washington and George Marshall: Some Reflections on the American Military Tradition" (U.S. Air Force Academy, 1984)

11261: 9963: 6403: 1813:, coordinated the large-scale expansion and modernization of the U.S. Army. Under his name were produced significant works of doctrine such as 18606: 18466: 15543: 15276: 13797: 12999: 10704: 6347: 1189: 12332: 12088: 11522: 9868: 2360: 2070:

because the scheme would allow the United States to dominate the Western Allied war effort, but the British government ultimately approved.

1296:

compared him favorably to other VMI graduates serving in the Army, saying Marshall was "Fully the equal of the best." He was commissioned a

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Bland, Larry I.; Stevens, Sharon Ritenour; Wunderlin Jr., Clarence E., eds. (1981), "Letter to Charles J. Graham, September 23, 1941 ",

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also deficient "in training, staff work, and logistical problems. More than half of its soldiers were new recruits. Only a few of its

998:; he assisted with the organization's mobilization and training in the United States, as well as planning of its combat operations in 938:. As Secretary of State, Marshall advocated for a U.S. economic and political commitment to post-war European recovery, including the 15831: 14753: 12964: 12846:

Widener, Jeffrey M. "From General to Diplomat: The Success and Failure of George C. Marshall's Mission to China after World War II."

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provided persistent advice that kept Pershing from creating needless controversy. In one, Marshall recalled a time when Pershing and

2059: 12991: 10531:"Def. Sec. George Marshall receives Va. Distinguished Service Medal from Va. Gov. John S. Battle; Marshall Day at VMI, May 15, 1951" 9766: 18661: 18626: 18521: 17373: 15346: 15178: 15135: 14941: 13574: 13117: 12983: 11837: 11550: 10933: 9700: 1560: 1344: 1014: 903: 662: 352: 12904: 11996: 18511: 17655: 17469: 15695: 12949: 9200: 9126: 9008: 3553: 3486: 2944: 2720:

George Marshall was the youngest of three siblings. His older brother Stuart Bradford Marshall (1875–1956) was a graduate of the

2672: 2412: 1762: 1518: 1253: 833: 11606: 18541: 17686: 16291: 16073: 10087:"The General's Goiter: The Outcome of a Subtotal Thyroidectomy Performed on United States Army General George Catlett Marshall" 4143: 4086: 3759: 3681: 2101:, and suspicions that the operation was intended to defend European colonial territory with little strategic value to the war. 1966:

from combat duty as well as battle fatigue and self-inflicted injury rose rapidly during the last eight months of the war with

1661: 1572: 1305: 1021: 12263: 12039: 11597:"Review of George C. Marshall and the Early Cold War: Policy, Politics, and Society: Taylor, William A.; Stoler, Mark A., eds" 10656: 1719:

on 1 July 1939, Marshall became acting chief of staff. President Roosevelt favored Marshall because he was more supportive of

1387:(center, facing towards the right), the newly appointed commander of the 1st Division, and members of his divisional staff at 18621: 17788: 16180: 13423: 12687:

Nelsen, J. T. "General George C. Marshall: Strategic leadership and the challenges of reconstituting the Army, 1939–1941" in

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Friedrich, Tamara L., et al. "Collectivistic leadership and George C. Marshall: A historiometric analysis of career events."

12358: 12239: 11732: 10869: 9914: 9842: 9805: 9657: 9630: 9599: 9566: 9513: 9478: 9408: 9349: 9328: 9297: 9227: 9136: 9077: 9033: 8979: 8946: 8925: 8906: 8834: 8782: 8752: 8717: 8650: 8622: 8573: 8536: 6071: 5997: 5563: 5532: 2587: 1676: 1645: 1622: 1563:, Marshall worked on a number of projects that focused on training and teaching modern, mechanized warfare. He taught at the 1400: 1368: 1049: 1037: 995: 709: 691: 671: 12835:

Weissman, Alexander D. "Pivotal politics—The Marshall Plan: A turning point in foreign aid and the struggle for democracy."

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President Eisenhower ordered flags flown at half-staff and was among the 200 guests invited for the funeral service held at

1958:

given only a few weeks' refresher training before being thrown into battle with Army divisions locked in front-line combat.

1379: 1276:. He took a competitive examination for a commission in the United States Army, which had greatly expanded to deal with the 18526: 18481: 18476: 14746: 13232: 13059: 12969: 12591: 11490: 10574: 8643:

The Ghost Mountain Boys: Their Epic March and the Terrifying Battle for New Guinea – The Forgotten War of the South Pacific

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had been in the Army for two years or more, and nearly all of the lieutenants had been commissioned less than six months".

1134: 1087:. Marshall coordinated Allied operations in Europe and the Pacific until the end of the war. In addition to accolades from 190: 10961: 10728: 10598: 6767: 5209: 2376:. Marshall felt that if the state of Israel was declared, a war would break out in the Middle East (which it did when the 17717: 17636: 17398: 14769: 14648: 12555:

Bryan, Ferald J. "George C. Marshall at Harvard: A Study of the Origins and Construction of the 'Marshall Plan' Speech."

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A statue of General Marshall is unveiled at the George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies on 30 April 1998.

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trade. Stalin ordered his satellites in Eastern Europe not to participate. Marshall was again named "Man of the Year" by

1352: 1245: 800: 652: 613: 12864: 12206:"Today in Princeton history, 1947: Alumni Day speaker Marshall cites need for U.S. aid, foreshadowing the Marshall Plan" 12055: 11366: 10798: 10506: 8859:

American visions of the Netherlands East Indies/Indonesia : US foreign policy and Indonesian nationalism, 1920-1949

2733:

removed. She died on 15 September 1927, after thyroid surgery that strained her weak heart. They did not have children.

1591:, where he initiated major changes to modernize command and staff processes, which proved to be of major benefit during 17531: 15931: 15797: 15210: 14563: 14554: 13183: 12830: 12816: 11309: 9748: 9725: 9445: 9264: 9052: 8696: 7605: 7580: 4506: 4414: 3690: 3252: 2464: 1584: 1580: 1257: 1182: 1142: 1029: 919: 829: 70: 10917: 10482: 2892:

In another incident that highlighted Marshall's reputation for integrity, when President Franklin Roosevelt, a former

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Clarcq, J., DeMartino, R., & Palanski, M. E. "George C. Marshall: An enduring model of leadership effectiveness"

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for 1 April 1943, but met with strong opposition from Winston Churchill, who convinced Roosevelt to commit troops to

2050:. Marshall wrote the document that would become the central strategy for all Allied operations in Europe. During the 1834: 1724: 1576: 1503: 1057: 958: 303: 37: 11950: 9341:

Generals in the Making: How Marshall, Eisenhower, Patton, and Their Peers Became the Commanders Who Won World War II

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Levine, Steven I. "A New Look at American Mediation in the Chinese Civil War: the Marshall Mission and Manchuria."

12534:

Alperovitz, Gar, Robert L. Messer, and Barton J. Bernstein. "Marshall, Truman, and the decision to drop the bomb."

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construction and funding of cemeteries despite budget and staff cuts for the Korean War. Marshall wrote to General

2611: 2314: 2158: 1857: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1122: 1098: 915: 763: 299: 233: 33: 17976: 11167: 11143: 8602: 6695: 2820: 2344:, he outlined the American proposal. The European Recovery Program, as it was formally known, became known as the 1948:

Originally, Marshall had planned a 265-division army with a system of unit rotation such as that practiced by the

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It was at Dodona Manor that Marshall enjoyed his favorite food, roast leg of lamb, and his favorite beverage, an

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Munch, P. G. "General George C. Marshall and the Army staff: A study in the effectiveness of staff leadership".

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Growing Up, by George!: George C. Marshall's Early Years, Uniontown, Pennsylvania-Lexington, Virginia, 1880-1901

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Hopkins, Michael F. "President Harry Truman's Secretaries of State: Stettinius, Byrnes, Marshall and Acheson."

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in February 1902. In a matter of days he married, resigned the Danville job, and shipped out to serve with the

1228: 1213: 1025: 971: 18245: 12521: 12502: 12181: 11262:"Katherine Boyce Tupper: Wife of a Murder Victim and Wife of a General | Leon J. Podles :: DIALOGUE" 10766: 10672: 17163: 15719: 14114: 13269: 12425: 11199: 9045:

The American Culture of War: The History of US Military Force from World War II to Operation Enduring Freedon

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and made that assignment what he called "the most instructive service I ever had, and the most interesting."

1507: 1412: 1196:

business. Later, when asked about his political allegiances, Marshall often joked that his father had been a

1003: 851: 12940: 11995:(Biography, Drama, History, War). Gregory Peck, Dan O'Herlihy, Ed Flanders, Ivan Bonar. Universal Pictures. 10269: 2797:, former Secretary of State Dean Acheson, former Governor W. Averell Harriman and Generals Omar N. Bradley, 2602:(The Joint Chiefs would later insist that they had only "concurred" with the relief, not "recommended" it.) 2136:

On 16 December 1944, Marshall became the first American general to be promoted to the newly created rank of

1446:, was deemed to have progressed enough in its training to have its own sector of the Western Front to hold. 18491: 17382: 17366: 16572: 12954: 10458: 5307: 4291: 3836: 3295: 1822: 1703: 11622: 11094: 10244: 2729:

her. After traveling abroad to Japan, Korea, and China with Marshall, Lily returned to the U.S. to have a

2447: 1953:

The individual replacement system devised by Marshall and implemented by McNair exacerbated problems with

1332:) class. After graduating in 1908, Marshall was assigned as an instructor at the Infantry-Cavalry School. 18506: 17111: 15603: 13607: 13055: 11854: 9528: 4837: 4692: 3994: 3210: 2825: 2809: 2721: 2577: 2221: 1638: 1495: 1491: 1483: 1420: 1320: 1281: 1158: 1138: 1061: 963: 954: 721: 704: 687: 679: 578: 475: 12304: 11898: 10351: 9159: 6761:"Conclusions and Recommendations of the Joint Committee on the Investigation of the Pearl Harbor Attack" 2900:

adversaries as part of the Marshall Plan has been recognized as one of the earliest factors that led to

18178: 15683: 14884: 14229: 13970: 13582: 13508: 11383:"Letter to the Chairman, Humanitarian Award Dinner of the Variety Clubs International: Harry S. Truman" 11215: 10837: 4551: 3737: 3110: 2870: 2684: 2481: 2225: 1873: 1841: 1789: 1777: 1514: 1335:

After another tour of duty in the Philippines beginning in 1913, Marshall returned in 1916 to serve as

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and hosts educational programs focusing on Marshall's life, leadership, and role in American history.

1610:

Marshall's first wife died in 1927. The following year, while stationed at Fort Benning, Marshall met

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Comparative Analysis Of The Military Leadership Styles Of George C. Marshall And Dwight D. Eisenhower

4630: 4598: 4476: 4211: 4111: 4023: 4010: 3608: 3582: 3513: 3414: 2548: 2377: 2078: 1611: 1351:. In the summer and fall of 1916, Marshall was responsible for organizing several Western Department 1348: 898:(31 December 1880 – 16 October 1959) was an American army officer and statesman. He rose through the 531: 6400: 1388: 1224: 18393: 17520: 17351: 17288: 16099: 13533: 13323: 10086: 5125: 4326: 4261: 4039: 2858: 2647: 2130: 2055: 1999: 1922: 1798: 1428: 1297: 1277: 1111: 592: 15555: 15535: 12080: 10696: 8507:

Citizen Soldiers: The U.S. Army From the Normandy Beaches to the Bulge to the Surrender of Germany

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Masters and Commanders. How Roosevelt, Churchill, Marshall and Alanbrooke won the war in the west

6749:. Washington, D.C.: Congress of the United States, Seventy-Ninth Congress. 1946. pp. 144–45. 6018:"Major Hagood Will Command In Camp: Captain George C. Marshall Is Appointed To Serve As Adjutant" 5938: 4491: 4384: 4249: 4046: 3938: 3672: 3409: 3272: 2651: 2521: 2298: 1556: 1499: 1170: 1007: 726: 447: 12664: 12650: 12549: 11967: 11567: 10981: 10195:"70 years ago, a Harvard Commencement speech outlined the Marshall Plan, and calmed a continent" 3871: 3708: 3701: 2104: 17762: 16793: 16687: 16161: 16042: 16031: 16012: 15997: 15986: 15975: 15960: 15949: 15938: 15927: 15912: 15901: 15890: 15871: 15860: 15849: 15838: 15823: 15808: 15793: 15782: 15771: 15760: 15745: 15430: 15419: 15408: 15397: 15389: 15380: 15368: 15361: 15357: 15080: 14852: 14848: 14788: 14547: 14289: 13920: 13064: 12755: 11686: 10384: 10061: 9589: 6883: 6342: 4321: 4030: 3878: 3519: 2974: 2742: 2583: 2193: 1830: 1750: 1364: 991: 983: 927: 18110: 11714: 10997: 10120: 9904: 9468: 9287: 9254: 8936: 8824: 8772: 6766:. Washington, D.C.: Congress of the United States, Seventy-Ninth Congress. pp. 252, 265. 6744: 5553: 2916:

greater administrator; a man with a knowledge of military affairs equal to General Marshall."

2635:

In September 1951, after 49 years of continuous public service, Marshall retired to his home,

1921:

suffered serious initial reverses when they encountered German armored units in Africa in the

1032:, where he modernized command and staff processes, which proved to be of major benefit during 18162: 17997: 17440: 16662: 16441: 16381: 16365: 15875: 15507: 15119: 14860: 14324: 13503: 13085: 12596:

Gullan, Harold I. "Expectations of Infamy: Roosevelt and Marshall Prepare for War, 1938–41."

11285: 10294:"Building on a Mission of Remembrance: Marshall and the American Battle Monuments Commission" 10145: 10110:

Ossad, Steven L. (March 2003). "Command Failures: Lessons Learned from Lloyd R. Fredendall".

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The Wings of Democracy: The Influence of Air Power on the Roosevelt Administration, 1933-1941

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Vol. 6: "The Whole World Hangs in the Balance," January 8, 1947 – September 30, 1949. (2012)

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Hearings before the Joint Committee on the Investigation of the Pearl Harbor Attack, Part 39

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in Europe. To implement his priorities Marshall brought in a new leadership team, including

2399:

During his tenure as Secretary of State, Marshall also urged Truman to immediately call for

1547:, 23 September 1919. Pershing is second from left in front row. Marshall is behind Pershing. 1125:

from 1947 to 1949, Marshall advocated rebuilding Europe, a program that became known as the

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U.S. officers holding five-star rank never retire; they draw full active duty pay for life.

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to his Army DSM for his unprecedented work from 1939 to 1945. The medal's citation reads:

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Masters and Commanders: The Military Geniuses Who Led the West to Victory in World War II

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Dodona Manor, the 19th century home and gardens of George Marshall and his wife Katherine

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After the war, Marshall reverted to his permanent rank of captain. In 1919, he became an

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Vol. 4: "Aggressive and Determined Leadership," June 1, 1943 – December 31, 1944. (1996)

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The Most Noble Adventure: The Marshall Plan and the Time When America Helped Save Europe

7769: 7344: 3891: 3745: 3648: 2543:". At the same time, Marshall advised against public pronouncements which might lead to 2459:

showed how poorly prepared the Defense Department was, President Truman fired Secretary

2192:

After World War II ended, the Congressional Joint Committee on the Investigation of the

1284:. Marshall passed and used endorsements his father obtained from both of Pennsylvania's 18361: 18229: 17706: 17669: 17625: 17619: 17594: 17489: 16556: 16532: 16107: 16020: 15942: 15194: 15111: 15006: 14840: 14832: 14532: 14411: 14399: 14344: 14209: 13960: 13930: 13910: 13905: 13895: 13772: 13742: 13488: 13440: 13286: 13030: 12320: 11481: 9991: 9380: 9107: 7757: 7598:

Ethical Leadership in Turbulent Times: Modeling the Public Career of George C. Marshall

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President Roosevelt's nomination of General Marshall to be Major General. 30 June 1939.

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for 24 hours, guarded by representatives from each U.S. armed service and a VMI cadet.

2667: 2640: 2432: 2341: 2285:, where he had served in the 1920s. His new mission was to prevent a resumption of the 2113: 2074: 2051: 2047: 2027: 1913: 1814: 1743: 1708: 1680: 1579:, where he remained for three years and learned to speak basic Mandarin. In 1927, as a 1450: 1443: 1439: 1384: 1273: 1053: 899: 868: 629: 182: 137: 18154: 17780: 13024: 12622:

American Warlords: How Roosevelt's High Command Led America to Victory in World War II

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but of course I don't vote." He as an Army officer never voted apparently in his life.

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Numerous streets are named for General Marshall, including George-Marshall-Straße in

2697: 2692: 2532: 2517: 2436: 2286: 2217: 2206: 2121: 2035: 2030:. The two generals return the salute of the Guard of Honor formed by a detachment of 2023: 1794: 1727: 1688: 1657: 1539:

General of the Armies John J. Pershing and members of his staff standing outside the

1457:, often under friendly artillery fire and routinely risking discovery and capture by 1404: 1249: 1218: 1130: 1088: 943: 935: 923: 738: 596: 588: 387: 170: 14964: 13408: 9502: 8611: 7923: 5768: 3731: 1829:

to 235,000 reservists, although the President could not immediately act because the

1738:. Marshall was sworn in as chief of staff on 1 September 1939, just hours after the 1614:

at a dinner party. They married on 15 October 1930, at Emmanuel Episcopal Church in

1367:. Shortly afterwards, Marshall was assigned to help oversee the mobilization of the 1268:

Following his graduation from VMI, Marshall served as Commandant of Students at the

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The First Offensive, 1942: Roosevelt, Marshall, and the Making of American Strategy

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for his post-war work, despite the criticism that he was a warrior not a pacifist.

2318: 2278: 2257: 2240: 2236: 2163: 1994: 1982: 1885: 1881: 1877: 1869: 1853: 1731: 1695: 1596: 1544: 1454: 1435: 1408: 1360: 1340: 1293: 1076: 1017: 979: 464: 268: 213: 129: 117: 105: 15464: 14804: 12106:"The Noblest Romans: Winston Churchill and General of the Army George C. Marshall" 8403: 7960: 6017: 4180: 1934: 1753:

cut $ 10 million from a $ 28 million appropriation budget for equipment to detect

18369: 18297: 18170: 18102: 17860: 17756: 17663: 17644: 17613: 17539: 17446: 17389: 17271: 17195: 17119: 16935: 16815: 16807: 16773: 16679: 16671: 16658: 16548: 16497: 16481: 16473: 16405: 16373: 16333: 16016: 15883: 15786: 15611: 15499: 15476: 15456: 15029: 14984: 14683: 14643: 14618: 14608: 14583: 14452: 14364: 14329: 14239: 14224: 14174: 14164: 14094: 13995: 13975: 13955: 13830: 13810: 13727: 13682: 13672: 13622: 13617: 13548: 13538: 13493: 13392: 13361: 13330: 13303: 13276: 13249: 13242: 13222: 13189: 13155: 13142: 13051: 12995: 12944: 12762: 12567: 10169:"1947 Brown University Graduation Featuring Secretary of State George C Marshall" 9987: 9556: 7939: 7017: 6890: 6407: 5011: 4242: 4226: 3898: 3666: 3478: 2607: 2393: 2294: 2185: 2153: 2094: 2086: 2019: 1918: 1865: 1818: 1667: 1107: 1093: 911: 772: 377: 324: 280: 254: 225: 158: 91: 18138: 16642: 15252: 7505: 7503: 7276: 7274: 7272: 7270: 6760: 4127: 1618:. The wedding made headlines as General Pershing served as Marshall's best man. 1079:, organized the largest military expansion in U.S. history, and was promoted to 934:. During the subsequent year, he attempted to but failed to avoid the impending 18385: 18146: 18050: 17947: 17889: 17576: 17483: 17298: 17261: 17171: 17136: 17082: 17017: 17013: 16951: 16847: 16831: 16732: 16564: 16409: 16397: 16389: 16349: 16005: 15894: 15816: 15749: 15675: 15647: 15643: 15519: 15495: 15423: 15322: 15306: 14956: 14658: 14623: 14505: 14379: 14294: 14264: 14244: 14184: 14179: 14169: 14159: 14154: 13865: 13767: 13543: 13513: 13498: 12695: 11678: 11648: 10953: 10861: 10758: 10720: 10606: 10039:. Ft. Leavenworth, KS: U.S. Army Command and General Staff College. p. 6. 9900: 8295: 8137: 8135: 7786: 7784: 6297: 6027: 5943: 4842: 3084: 2909: 2691:

and Omar Bradley, and according to Bradley, as Marshall walked up the aisle of

2556: 2544: 2467:

in September 1950. The appointment required a congressional waiver because the

2349: 2329: 2232: 2141: 1986: 1949: 1849: 1707:

large air force would be a greater deterrent to enemies, pointing out that the

1416: 1080: 391: 15595: 15468: 15401: 12894:

George C. Marshall's Mediation Mission to China, December 1945 – January 1947.

12717:, Viking, (1963–87) Four-volume authorized biography: complete text is online 12581:

Statesmen Who Changed the World: A Bio-Bibliographical Dictionary of Diplomacy

12280:"U.S. Senate: Joint Committee on the Investigation of the Pearl Harbor Attack" 12155: 12129: 10293: 10219: 10168: 9558:

The Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: A Political, Social, and Military History

8583: 3804: 2042:

During World War II, Marshall was instrumental in preparing the U.S. Army and

1599:

in charge of the Infantry School's publications, and Harding became editor of

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List of international trips made by secretaries of state of the United States

14481: 14384: 14374: 14254: 14214: 14109: 14104: 13940: 13915: 13835: 13752: 13747: 13737: 13692: 13687: 13632: 13612: 13592: 13523: 13483: 13473: 13215: 12714: 11812: 11358: 10790: 10767:"Gen. George C. Marshall: Distinguished Service Medal -- The American Legion" 9758: 9667: 9640: 9219:

Truman & MacArthur: Policy, Politics, and the Hunger for Honor and Renown

9173: 8665: 7500: 7267: 7224: 6907: 6210: 6063: 4582: 4353: 4080: 3048: 3012: 2882: 2389: 2345: 2244: 2145: 2117: 2109: 1990: 1954: 1942: 1735: 1634: 1487: 1463: 1240:

classmates. Impressed with his bravery, the hazers never bothered him again.

1185: 1126: 939: 872: 675: 567: 101: 14573: 12875:

Vol. 3: "The Right Man for the Job," December 7, 1941 – May 31, 1943. (1991)

12709:

Partners in Command: George Marshall and Dwight Eisenhower in War and Peace.

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Increasingly concerned about public statements from MacArthur, commander of

1133:. After resigning as Secretary of State, Marshall served as chairman of the 1020:. Marshall later served on the Army staff, was the executive officer of the 32:"George Marshall" and "General Marshall" redirect here. For other uses, see 18353: 18210: 18186: 17926: 17582: 17458: 17338: 17253: 17232: 17219: 17211: 17187: 17179: 17062: 17054: 16999: 16867: 16811: 16757: 16736: 16711: 16540: 16417: 16357: 16276: 15853: 15812: 15775: 15764: 15727: 15655: 15571: 15434: 15233: 15186: 14892: 14792: 14718: 14693: 14688: 14628: 14423: 14339: 14319: 14279: 14259: 14144: 14119: 13990: 13965: 13815: 13787: 13662: 13602: 13587: 13468: 13385: 13381: 13371: 13313: 13166: 11020: 10909: 10745:"Gen. George C. Marshall, Main Architect of World War II Victory, 78, Dies" 10408: 10153: 10052: 10023: 9932: 9860: 9823: 9533:. Vol. I. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office – via 9426: 9367: 9256:

Ethical Leadership in Turbulent Times: Modeling the Public Career of George

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Roster of the Society of the Cincinnati as of May 11, 1944. 1945. pg. 55.

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medal was created in 1932, Citation Stars were converted to the new award.

1336: 1033: 975: 950: 931: 733: 683: 292: 264: 12916: 12777:

Masters and Commanders: How Four Titans Won the War In the West, 1941-1945

11946: 11044: 10885: 9718:

Soldier, Statesman, Peacemaker: Leadership Lessons from George C. Marshall

9007:. Washington, D.C.: Historical Section – Headquarters Army Ground Forces. 7763: 7286: 5474: 5472: 5470: 5468: 5466: 5464: 5462: 5460: 5458: 5456: 4059: 2935: 2392:

support in the upcoming election, in which Truman was expected to lose to

1473: 18305: 18114: 18063: 17989: 17955: 17905: 17852: 17283: 17275: 16875: 16839: 16823: 16785: 16090: 16001: 15968: 15587: 15551: 15515: 15076: 14698: 14663: 14493: 14389: 14369: 13777: 13647: 13110: 10217: 8857: 8463: 7904: 7350: 7307: 7305: 7303: 7301: 6919: 6828: 5610: 5558:. College Station, TX: Texas A&M University Press. pp. 191–192. 4444: 3545: 3001: 2923: 2793:. Other dignitaries included former President Truman, Secretary of State 2688: 2561: 2504:

Marshall worked to provide more manpower to meet the demands of both the

2400: 2333: 1845: 1773: 1716: 1467: 1316: 1309: 1289: 1193: 1069: 1006:

headquarters, he was a key planner of American operations, including the

987: 768: 716: 403: 12887:

Vol. 7: "The Man of the Age," October 1, 1949 – October 16, 1959. (2016)

11407: 11235: 10860: 10815:"General George C. Marshall is shown in this photo, at attention and..." 9834:

George C. Marshall and the Early Cold War: Policy, Politics, and Society

8307: 7844: 7170: 5774: 2313:

After Marshall's return to the U.S. in early 1947, Truman appointed him

1793:

Marshall standing behind President Roosevelt and British Prime Minister

1621:

From June 1932 to June 1933, Marshall was the commanding officer of the

1415:(AEF) soldiers to set foot in Europe, and one of the first to enter the 926:

lauded Marshall as the "organizer of victory" for his leadership of the

18202: 18130: 18094: 17330: 17150: 17074: 16991: 16819: 16740: 16513: 15979: 15864: 15753: 14904: 14713: 14708: 14703: 14469: 14274: 14194: 14129: 13945: 13463: 13042: 12881:

Vol. 5: "The Finest Soldier," January 1, 1945 – January 7, 1947. (2003)

12539: 10978:"George Catlett Marshall, U.S. Army Chief of Staff, Secretary of State" 10605:. Leesburg, VA: George C. Marshall International Center. Archived from 9377:

First Lady of the Army: The Life and Times of Katherine Tupper Marshall

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votes undermining or countermanding the initial mandate to restore the

2505: 2473: 2456: 2328:

General Marshall being sworn in as Secretary of State by Chief Justice

2302: 2290: 2267: 1146: 1115: 1103: 750: 12959: 12901:

George C. Marshall: Interviews and Reminiscences for Forrest C. Pogue.

11605:. East Lansing, MI: Department of History, Michigan State University. 11069: 9797:

Generals of the Army: Marshall, MacArthur, Eisenhower, Arnold, Bradley

7298: 1328:) in 1907 and graduated first in his 1908 Army Staff College (now the 17318: 17306: 17066: 15707: 15198: 14668: 14354: 12927: 12451:"Reporter, historian recalls interviews with General George Marshall" 12256:"Truman Adviser Recalls May 14, 1948 US Decision to Recognize Israel" 11521:. Lexington, VA: The George C. Marshall Foundation. 8 February 2020. 10383: 8899:

A Dangerous Assignment: An Artillery Forward Observer in World War II

8409: 6147: 6145: 6143: 6141: 6139: 6137: 4496:

Award for distinguished service and contribution to the American way

4158: 3987: 3658: 2790: 2451:

Secretary of Defense George C. Marshall in his office at the Pentagon

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on 11 November 1918 occurred before the recommendation was acted on.

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Only weeks after Marshall's retirement, in December 1945, President

2144:

that placed senior American commanders on an equal footing with the

1817:. During his first week in office, he advised Roosevelt to issue an 1292:

also supported Marshall's application, and in a letter to President

942:

that bore his name. In recognition of this work, he was awarded the

17128: 17046: 16728: 14269: 14060: 13025:

Joint Committee on The Investigation of Pearl Harbor, 79th Congress

12691:(Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 1993) 7: 1–95. 12325:"Senate Joint Resolution No. 410: On the Death of Molly Brown Winn" 10321:"General Lesley J. McNair: Little-Known Architect of the U.S. Army" 10010:. Vol. 96. Chappaqua, NY: Christian Herald Association. 1973. 9906:

Pershing's Lieutenants: American Military Leadership in World War I

9063: 9004:

Provision of Enlisted Replacements (Army Ground Forces Study No. 7)

7880: 7530: 7528: 7526: 7524: 7522: 7520: 7518: 7185: 6713: 5622: 5585: 5583: 5581: 5579: 4567: 3902: 2509: 2093:

would offer resistance, concerns over an Axis intervention through

1653: 1178: 1174: 1154: 1150: 1075:

As Chief of Staff, Marshall, working closely with Secretary of War

12932: 12872:

Vol. 2: "We Cannot Delay," July 1, 1939 – December 6, 1941. (1986)

10647:"Enola Gay: The Men, the Mission, the Atomic Bomb (TV Movie 1980)" 10623:"Editorial Note on Becoming General Liggett's Aide, February 1915" 10573: 10385:"Commencement Speakers – Special Collections Research Center Wiki" 10152:. Washington, DC: Department of the Army. p. xiv – via 9867: 8862:. Thijs Brocades Zaalberg. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. 8301: 8057: 7708: 7706: 6991: 6413: 6134: 6085: 6083: 5957: 5955: 5953: 3445: 3425: 3403: 2989:

to Germany, was a keynote speaker during the dedication ceremony.

2973:

unveiled the first public statue of General Marshall in Europe in

1181:

roots. He was also a first cousin, three times removed, of former

1153:. Resigning as Defense Secretary, Marshall retired to his home in 648: 18413: 18253: 17279: 17203: 15827: 12937: 12869:

Vol. 1: "The Soldierly Spirit," December 1880 – June 1939. (1981)

12161: 12134: 11877: 11191: 10844:. Fort Belvoir, VA: Army Historical Foundation. 22 January 2015. 10298: 10173: 10127:. Vol. XIX. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Company. p. 214. 9526: 9289:

American Generalship: Character Is Everything: The Art of Command

8762:

Del Testa, David W.; Lemoine, Florence; Strickland, John (2001).

8439: 8075: 7945: 7892: 7796: 7718: 6913: 6816: 5837: 5835: 5643:""Nation Mourns Top Soldier" - The George C. Marshall Foundation" 4102: 4014: 3942: 3383: 3363: 3345: 3327: 3309: 3286: 3266: 3246: 3224: 3204: 3184: 2749:'s English Shakespearean Company. She authored a memoir in 1946, 1694:

In July 1938, Marshall was assigned to the War Plans Division in

12799:

Marshall and His Generals: U.S. Army Commanders in World War II.

11357: 10719: 10407: 8415: 7832: 7747: 7745: 7515: 7280: 7230: 6681: 6627: 6234: 6232: 5576: 2700:, and was the only non-royal seated at Queen Elizabeth's table. 2175: 1235:

At the start of his college career, Marshall was subjected to a

15372: 12792:

George C. Marshall: Soldier-Statesman of the American Century.

12376:"Restoration of Marshall House in Leesburg Enters Home Stretch" 11454: 10908: 10884: 10743: 8367: 8141: 8096: 7790: 7703: 7540: 7509: 7255: 7245: 7243: 7241: 7239: 6663: 6244: 6080: 5950: 5902: 5677: 4675: 4615: 4134: 3962: 3862: 3497:

General Marshall's Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour (France)

2730: 2622: 2373: 1993:. A notable exception was his recommendation of the swaggering 1513:

After the Armistice, Marshall served as chief of staff for the

1236: 999: 12750:

Pops, Gerald. "The ethical leadership of George C. Marshall."

12629:

The China Mission: George Marshall's Unfinished War, 1945-1947

8709:

General of the Army: George C. Marshall, Soldier and Statesman

8355: 8102: 7473: 7197: 6931: 6696:"This is why there's no Field Marshal rank in the US military" 5832: 5441: 2243:

of the Military Intelligence Division (G-2), who investigator

12157:

The Dick Cavett Show: Orson Welles on General George Marshall

11929:. Lexington, VA: George C. Marshall Foundation. 31 May 2017. 11921: 11601: 9504:

George C. Marshall: Soldier-Statesman of the American Century

8258: 7742: 7292: 6288:"Col. Geo. C. Marshall, Jr. Weds Mrs. Brown in Baltimore, Md" 6229: 3882: 2594:

to discuss whether MacArthur should be removed from command.

2082: 1449:

Marshall won recognition and acclaim for his planning of the

11897: 11310:"Key to the City of San Juan, Puerto Rico – Marshall Museum" 10996: 10220:"A Greenburg Resident: General Marshall's Sister Dies at 85" 10167: 9774:. Lexington, Virginia: George C. Marshall Foundation. 1996. 8764:

Government Leaders, Military Rulers, and Political Activists

8475: 8469: 7910: 7820: 7552: 7236: 7034: 7011:

George C Marshall Foundation, "The Nobel Peace Prize" (2017)

6574: 6572: 6499: 6497: 5878: 5508: 2773:

Grave site of George Marshall at Arlington National Cemetery

1263: 1060:. During this command, Marshall was also responsible for 35 18612:

United States Army Command and General Staff College alumni

18237: 17146: 12353: 12347: 12234: 12034: 11727: 11381: 11240: 11095:"Award Ceremony Speech, Nobel Peace Prize, George Marshall" 10952: 10651: 9199:. Washington, DC: Center for Military, United States Army. 8829:. Vol. 5 (Part One). El Dorado, CA: Savas Publishing. 8319: 8313: 7850: 7693: 7691: 7689: 7687: 7685: 7683: 7322: 7320: 7179: 7085: 7083: 7081: 7079: 7077: 7075: 7073: 6895: 6782: 6780: 6256: 6026:. Salt Lake City, UT. 26 July 1916. p. 16 – via 5689: 5431: 5429: 4645: 4050: 3922: 2210: 1963: 966:. He was the top-ranked of the five Honor Graduates of his 15580:

International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War

12639:"1947–48: When Marshall Kept the U.S. Out of War in China" 12254: 12204: 11456:"Marshall Center's Bronze Statue of its Namesake Turns 21" 11214: 10936:. Office of the Secretary of Defense – Historical Office. 10671: 10093:. New York, NY: American College of Surgeons. p. 79. 8761: 8433: 8191: 7119: 7028: 6925: 6852: 6559: 6557: 6100: 6098: 5868: 5866: 5864: 5862: 5616: 5527:. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press. pp. 21–22. 2885:

intended to change a War Department policy implemented by

2590:

Omar Bradley, Secretary of State Dean Acheson and advisor

2231:

A secret review of the Army's role, which resulted in the

946:

in 1953, the only Army general ever to receive the honor.

11365:. Leesburg, VA: George C. Marshall International Center. 10960:. Leesburg, VA: George C. Marshall International Center. 10352:"Clifton S. Brown, Stepson of General Marshall, Succumbs" 8594: 7730: 7407: 7361: 7359: 7214: 7212: 6593: 6591: 6589: 6587: 6569: 6494: 6425: 6174: 6164: 6162: 6160: 5408: 4184:

General Marshall's Congressional Gold Medal. Designed by

1730:, and because of the recommendations of Pershing, Craig, 1363:, New York, when Bell was reassigned as commander of the 14562: 12892:

Bland, Larry; Jeans, Roger B.; and Wilkinson, Mark, ed.

9739:

Unger, Debi; Unger, Irwin; Hirshson, Stanley P. (2014).

9467:

Stevens, Sharon Ritenour; Williams, Alice Trump (2009).

9392:. Stockholm: Imprimerie Royale P.A. Norstedt & Sons. 9062:

Marshall, George C. (George Catlett), 1880-1959 (2013).

8391: 8331: 8248:

Email to editor from Justin Hiller, Membership Manager,

7680: 7490: 7488: 7424: 7422: 7317: 7143: 7131: 7070: 7046: 6792: 6777: 6615: 6039: 6037: 5791: 5789: 5787: 5785: 5783: 5743: 5741: 5426: 5344:

school. I might say also that I pay taxes in Virginia" (

1675:

Marshall was assigned to command the 5th Brigade of the

1028:. In 1927, he became assistant commandant of the Army's 18537:

Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)

17810: 12769:

19 Stars: A Study in Military Character and Leadership.

12278: 11260: 10765: 10695: 9196:

The Last Salute: Civil and Military Funerals, 1921-1969

8230: 8224: 7653: 7641: 7439: 7437: 7401: 7160: 7158: 7107: 7095: 7064: 6719: 6554: 6542: 6530: 6323: 6296:. Atlanta, GA. 16 October 1930. p. 20 – via 6095: 5914: 5890: 5859: 5758: 5756: 5274:

George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies

2971:

George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies

2660: 2239:. The report was critical of Short and also of Colonel 14768: 14036: 12998:

by B. C. Mossman and M. W. Stark.

12128: 12028: 11513: 11478: 10836: 10507:"Dedication of Cemetery at Suresnes, France – Library" 10409:"The Commission: American Battle Monuments Commission" 9949:"George C. Marshall and the education of Army leaders" 9876:. Lexington, VA: George C. Marshall Foundation. 2014. 7886: 7670: 7668: 7461: 7383: 7371: 7356: 7209: 7191: 6979: 6603: 6584: 6467: 6442: 6440: 6419: 6186: 6157: 6151: 5822: 5820: 5818: 5816: 5628: 2289:

by brokering a coalition government between America's

990:

in 1917, Marshall served with Bell, who commanded the

18582:

Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath

13438: 13007:

Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum

12903:

Lexington, Va.: George C. Marshall Found., 1991. 698

12722:

George C. Marshall: Education of a General, 1880–1939

11881:. Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs. Archived from 10934:"George C. Marshall – Harry S. Truman Administration" 10575:"Distinguished Achievement Award, George C. Marshall" 8938:

George Washington and the American Military Tradition

8343: 7485: 7449: 7419: 7332: 6955: 6864: 6840: 6725: 6370: 6343:"MARSHALL & MACARTHUR: THE TORTOISE AND THE HARE" 6268: 6122: 6034: 5967: 5942:. Richmond, VA. 29 May 1910. p. D-1 – via 5780: 5738: 5524:

Berlin Alert: The Memoirs and Reports of Truman Smith

5414: 4101:

Medal for the Centennial of the Republic of Liberia (

1746:. He held this post until retiring in November 1945. 1633:. From July 1933 to October 1933 he was commander of 1517:. For his services during the war he was awarded the 1343:, the commander of the Western Department and former 18672:

Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)

15906:

Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons

12896:

Lexington, Va.: George C. Marshall Found., 1998. 661

12809:

Marshall: A Statesman Shaped in the Crucible of War.

12702:

Roosevelt and Marshall: Partners in Politics and War

12228: 12056:"Speech at Trinity College, June 15, 1941 – Library" 11799: 11721: 11711:"Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives" 11166: 11142: 11004:. Lexington, VA: The George C. Marshall Foundation. 10998:"George Catlett Marshall: Timeline & Chronology" 10557:. Harry S. Truman Library and Museum. Archived from 10481: 10193: 10033:"The Mentor: More than a Teacher, More Than A Coach" 8774:

Truman and MacArthur: Adversaries for a Common Cause

8445: 8084: 7898: 7868: 7856: 7808: 7802: 7724: 7434: 7155: 6943: 6633: 6520: 6518: 6516: 6514: 6512: 6484: 6482: 6382: 5753: 5667: 5665: 5663: 5600: 5598: 5589: 5236: 2997:

Marshall has been played in film and television by:

2188:, and General Arnold at the White House, August 1945 1559:

Pershing. Between 1920 and 1924, while Pershing was

1326:

United States Army Command and General Staff College

12863:(Larry I. Bland and Sharon Ritenour Stevens, eds.) 12402:"Why is there a rose named for Katherine Marshall?" 12112:. Washington, DC: International Churchill Society. 12054: 10976: 10645: 8599:, Lexington, Va.: The George C. Marshall Foundation 8421: 7838: 7665: 6437: 5847: 5813: 5801: 5447: 2678: 1895: 1603:, a book that codified the lessons of World War I. 18562:Grand Crosses of the Order of George I with Swords 18547:Knights of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus 13035:is available for free viewing and download at the 12736:George C. Marshall: Organizer of Victory 1943–1945 12546:George C. Marshall: Servant of the American Nation 11685: 11022:"George-C.-Marshall-Ring 61440 Oberursel, Germany" 10505: 10350: 10330:. Lawrence, KS: University of Kansas. p. 43. 10218: 9738: 9543: 9501: 9434:Sobel, Robert; Sicilia, David B. (13 March 2003). 9128:Memoirs of My Services in the World War, 1917–1918 8634:The Second World War: Europe and the Mediterranean 8610: 8379: 8373: 8063: 7629: 7261: 6997: 6967: 6884:"George C. Marshall, Man of the Year Jan. 5, 1948" 6834: 6822: 6217: 6110: 5726: 5683: 5345: 2568:during the Cold War battle for primacy in Europe. 1648:, Marshall became a strong supporter of President 1013:After the war, Marshall became an aide-de-camp to 18567:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of Orange-Nassau 15954:International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons 12811:(George C. Marshall International Center, 2014). 12305:"Seven Wars and a Century Later, a Failed System" 12180: 11945: 11899:"Profile: The Founding of a Republic (2009 film)" 11879:"President Truman's Decision to Recognize Israel" 11655: 11046:"George-Marshall-Straße 65197 Wiesbaden, Germany" 10813: 10721:"Frequently Asked Questions – Five-Star Generals" 10529: 9594:. Vol. I, A–D. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. 9588:Tucker, Spencer; Roberts, Priscilla Mary (2006). 8685:Holding the Line: The Naval Air Campaign In Korea 8361: 8108: 7546: 7203: 6937: 6509: 6479: 5660: 5595: 1734:, and most importantly Roosevelt's close advisor 18443: 12349:"War and Remembrance (TV Mini-Series 1988–1989)" 12154: 11709: 11568:"Joseph C. Satterthwaite Oral History Interview" 11026:George-C.-Marshall-Ring 61440 Oberursel, Germany 10349: 10002: 9895: 8631: 8264: 8197: 7751: 7712: 7479: 6804: 6669: 6250: 6089: 5961: 5908: 3042:Enola Gay: The Men, the Mission, the Atomic Bomb 1929: 1157:. He died in 1959 and was buried with honors at 13093:Deputy Chief of Staff of the United States Army 12574:Journal of Character and Leadership Integration 12331:. Richmond, VA: Senate of Virginia. p. 1. 11430: 11234: 11050:George-Marshall-Straße 65197 Wiesbaden, Germany 10555:"Diary entries, 6–7, April 1951, Truman Papers" 10292: 9466: 8451: 7826: 7776:George-C.-Marshall-Ring 61440 Oberursel Germany 7249: 7040: 6360: 6358: 5841: 2476:became the second and in January 2021, General 2184:President Truman, Marshall, Secretary of State 1583:, he was appointed assistant commandant of the 1502:and was recommended for promotion to temporary 1359:in April 1917, Marshall relocated with Bell to 1288:to bolster his application. VMI Superintendent 1192:. Marshall's father was active in the coal and 957:(VMI) in 1901. He received his commission as a 667:Deputy Chief of Staff of the United States Army 27:American army officer and statesman (1880–1959) 16088: 12579:Findling, John E. and Frank W. Thackeray eds. 12426:"General Malin Craig: The Man Behind Marshall" 12329:LIS: Virginia's Legislative Information System 11479:"Marshall Is Named Head Of Battle Monuments". 11335:"Marshall and the Distinguished Service Medal" 11284: 9765: 8967: 8531:. New York: Free Press: Simon & Schuster. 8325: 7764:George-Marshall-Straße 65197 Wiesbaden Germany 7600:. United States: Lexington Books. p. 64. 7311: 5884: 4646:Organization for European Economic Cooperation 4169:in the colors of the Croix de Guerre (France) 3723:European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal 3557:Former U.S. Army Marksmanship Badge for rifle. 3108:Donald Eugene McCoy in the 2009 Chinese movie 2716:, by Katherine Tupper Marshall. Published 1946 2571: 2248:allegation which "nearly destroyed" Marshall. 1129:, and which led to his being awarded the 1953 83:21 September 1950 – 12 September 1951 18657:Members of the American Philosophical Society 18572:Recipients of the Order of Suvorov, 1st class 17796: 17367: 16292: 16074: 15544:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 15277:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 14754: 14548: 14022: 13424: 13000:United States Army Center of Military History 12821:Unger, Debi and Irwin with Stanley Hirshson. 12729:George C Marshall: Ordeal and Hope, 1939–1943 11621: 10932: 10838:"General of the Army George Catlett Marshall" 10553: 9587: 8918:The US Army in World War II: Northwest Europe 7558: 7125: 6651: 6238: 5435: 2216:Ten days after the attack, Short and Admiral 2176:Analysis of Pearl Harbor intelligence failure 2085:. Marshall and his advisors also opposed the 2014:General George C. Marshall with Chief of the 2005: 1641:. He was promoted colonel in September 1933. 1571:. He then served as executive officer of the 1494:in 1918. Marshall held the permanent rank of 1466:for his heroism during this battle. When the 18667:Grand Cross of the Order of Ouissam Alaouite 18647:United States Army Infantry Branch personnel 16306: 13052:Newspaper clippings about George C. Marshall 12303:Vandergriff, Donald E. (12 September 2003). 11750:"Should D-Day Have Happened a Year Earlier?" 11665:. Richmond, VA. 20 October 1929. p. 6. 11216:"Homenagem á Missão Militar Norte Americana" 10227:. Pittsburgh, PA. 12 June 1962. p. 22. 9433: 9192: 9112:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 8934: 7575:. United States: Lucknow Books. p. 42. 7534: 7413: 6355: 5775:National Portrait Gallery: Marshall children 5695: 5521:Smith, Truman (1984). Hessen, Robert (ed.). 4157: 3777: 3758: 3680: 3589: 3552: 3444: 2777:After a series of strokes, Marshall died at 1056:from 1936 to 1938; he received promotion to 1002:. Subsequently assigned to the staff of the 365:1 September 1939 – 18 November 1945 18642:United States Army personnel of World War I 18637:United States Army generals of World War II 12938:George C. Marshall Center, Garmisch Germany 12933:The George C. Marshall International Center 12302: 12182:"To David Burpee, March 27, 1942 – Library" 11861:. Office of the Chief of Military History. 11537: 11308: 11120:"General Wares to All; Crowds Line Streets" 11101:. Stockholm, Sweden: The Nobel Foundation. 10091:Journal of the American College of Surgeons 9800:. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. 9168: 8941:. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press. 8337: 7089: 6858: 6563: 1164: 776: 18577:Recipients of the Order of the Sun of Peru 18557:Recipients of the Croix de Guerre (France) 17803: 17789: 17374: 17360: 16299: 16285: 16081: 16067: 14761: 14747: 14555: 14541: 14029: 14015: 13431: 13417: 12980:Annotated bibliography for George Marshall 12920: 12689:Professional Readings in Military Strategy 12449:Zajac, Frances Borsodi (26 October 2003). 11236:"Ike: The War Years (TV Mini-Series 1979)" 11068: 10621: 10465:. Lexington, VA: Marshall Foundation.org. 9674: 9647: 9620: 9116:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 8565:Dean Acheson : a Life in the Cold War 8236: 7647: 7351:Greenburg Resident General Marshall's 1962 2364:Secretary of State Marshall speaks to the 2266:General Marshall with Chiang Kai-shek and 316:20 December 1945 – 6 January 1947 246:21 January 1947 – 20 January 1949 53: 15832:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 12400: 11566:McKinzie, Richard D. (13 November 1972). 11489: 11218:. Correio Paulistano. VASP. 4 June 1939. 10842:National Museum of the United States Army 10757:. 17 October 1959. p. 1 – via 10673:"Five-Star Generals in the U.S. Military" 10456: 10431: 9793: 9222:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 8770: 8742: 8410:Commencement Speakers Special Collections 7736: 7467: 7365: 7218: 7149: 6846: 6128: 6104: 5989:George Marshall: Defender of the Republic 5872: 5551: 4266:Gold Medal for Distinguished Achievement 3468: 2930: 2060:American-British-Dutch-Australian Command 1486:, which contributed to the defeat of the 1264:Early infantry career and the Philippines 518: 150:1 October 1949 – 1 December 1950 17235:/ Ella Watson-Stryker / Foday Gollah / 15347:International Committee of the Red Cross 15179:International Committee of the Red Cross 15136:Nansen International Office for Refugees 14942:International Committee of the Red Cross 13118:Chief of Staff of the United States Army 12984:Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues 12260:Washington Report on Middle East Affairs 11565: 11405: 11144:"The hardest work I ever did in my life" 11117: 10597: 10125:Chemical & Metallurgical Engineering 10118: 10059: 10030: 9837:. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. 9387: 9344:. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. 9259:. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. 9215: 9157: 9124: 9061: 9042: 8968:Jeffers, H. Paul; Axelrod, Alan (2010). 8640: 8481: 8397: 8349: 7455: 7428: 7326: 7137: 7052: 6961: 6693: 6388: 6262: 6205: 6203: 6201: 6180: 6168: 5992:. New York: Dutton Caliber. p. 15. 5973: 5762: 5617:Del Testa, Lemoine & Strickland 2001 5386: 4179: 3492: 3472: 3177:(Appointment accepted February 2, 1902) 3131: 2934: 2819: 2815: 2768: 2707: 2621: 2495: 2446: 2359: 2323: 2261: 2179: 2103: 2009: 1933: 1899: 1788: 1666: 1637:, South Carolina, and District I of the 1534: 1472: 1378: 1223: 1169:George Catlett Marshall Jr. was born in 974:class. In 1916 Marshall was assigned as 970:in 1907 and graduated first in his 1908 663:Chief of Staff of the United States Army 514: 353:Chief of Staff of the United States Army 15696:International Campaign to Ban Landmines 13032:Big Picture: The General Marshall Story 12743:George C. Marshall: Statesman 1945–1959 12373: 12319: 12078: 12011: 11990: 11831: 11772: 10318: 10143: 10084: 9973: 9715: 9437:The United States Executive Branch: M–Z 9374: 9318: 9285: 8896: 8682: 8659: 8590:from the original on 12 September 2021. 8561: 8524: 8503: 8058:George Catlett Marshall Chronology 2014 7874: 7862: 7814: 7659: 7494: 7443: 7377: 7164: 7113: 7101: 6949: 6901: 6870: 6786: 6731: 6645: 6621: 6609: 6578: 6548: 6503: 6461: 6446: 6431: 6376: 6317: 6274: 6192: 6055: 6043: 5795: 5409:Bland, Stevens & Wunderlin Jr. 1981 5373: 4511:Award for Distinguished Public Service 2992: 2945:List of memorials to George C. Marshall 2442: 2418:Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference 547: 203:January 1949 – 16 October 1959 14: 18502:Burials at Arlington National Cemetery 18444: 12970:"George C. Marshall: Soldier of Peace" 12861:The Papers of George Catlett Marshall: 12780:(Harper, 2009) (Online free to borrow) 12335:from the original on 12 September 2021 12266:from the original on 27 September 2007 12164:. 7 July 1970. Event occurs at 0:11. 12142:from the original on 12 September 2021 12103: 11965: 11933:from the original on 11 September 2021 11697:from the original on 26 September 2019 11669:from the original on 11 September 2021 11639:from the original on 11 September 2021 11369:from the original on 11 September 2021 11359:"The Leadership of George C. Marshall" 11286:"Key to New Orleans – Marshall Museum" 11092: 11056:from the original on 12 September 2021 11032:from the original on 12 September 2021 10659:from the original on 11 September 2021 10585:from the original on 11 September 2021 10367:from the original on 11 September 2021 10255:from the original on 11 September 2021 10097:from the original on 12 September 2021 10085:Mullins, Richard J. (1 January 2017). 10014:from the original on 12 September 2021 9851:from the original on 12 September 2021 9830: 9814:from the original on 12 September 2021 9703:from the original on 12 September 2021 9554: 9527:The Adjutant General's Office (1947). 9499: 9473:. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing. 9454:from the original on 12 September 2021 9337: 9236:from the original on 12 September 2021 9203:from the original on 17 September 2018 9094:from the original on 12 September 2021 9023: 8884:from the original on 12 September 2021 8803: 8608: 8545:from the original on 12 September 2021 8302:Distinguished Achievement Award George 7697: 7674: 7389: 6985: 6798: 6536: 6223: 6116: 5920: 5896: 5807: 5732: 5420: 5308:George C. Marshall Space Flight Center 4029:Knight Grand Cross with swords of the 3957:Knight Grand Cross with swords of the 2908:, and eventually the formation of the 2087:Allied invasion of French North Africa 1024:in China and was an instructor at the 994:. He was assigned to the staff of the 18617:United States Army War College alumni 18587:Truman administration cabinet members 17784: 17355: 16280: 16062: 14742: 14536: 14010: 13412: 13070:United States Army Officers 1939–1945 12843:, for middle and high school students 12448: 12315:from the original on 6 December 2008. 12168:from the original on 11 December 2021 12130:"Stories of Service: Richard C. Wing" 11978:from the original on 18 February 2021 11953:from the original on 21 February 2009 11923:"Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal" 11819:from the original on 24 February 2021 11801:"Person of the Year: A Photo History" 11773:Pearson, Richard (20 December 1978). 11747: 11594: 11549:. Leesburg, VA: World History Group. 11525:from the original on 25 February 2021 11332: 11272:from the original on 29 November 2017 11008:from the original on 4 September 2016 10789: 10469:from the original on 27 February 2021 10243: 10144:Plampin, William (1 September 1963). 10109: 10072:from the original on 21 February 2021 9946: 9883:from the original on 1 September 2021 9870:George Catlett Marshall: A Chronology 9781:from the original on 1 September 2021 9608:from the original on 24 December 2019 9508:. Woodbridge, CT: Twayne Publishers. 9396: 9306:from the original on 26 December 2019 9273:from the original on 28 December 2019 9193:Mossman, B. C.; Stark, M. W. (1991). 9065:The papers of George Catlett Marshall 9011:from the original on 11 February 2021 9000: 8955:from the original on 27 December 2019 8915: 8855: 8822: 8791:from the original on 27 December 2019 8597:The Papers of George Catlett Marshall 8385: 8069: 7635: 7620: 7338: 6973: 6597: 6524: 6488: 6473: 6457: 6455: 6313: 6311: 6309: 6307: 6198: 5826: 5671: 5640: 5604: 5520: 5372:power once he became chief of staff ( 4572:Virginia Distinguished Service Medal 4311:Distinguished Service Medal of Honor 2588:Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff 2308: 1844:began to have more success after the 1036:. In 1932 and 1933, he commanded the 18607:Military personnel from Pennsylvania 18467:United States secretaries of defense 18424:and the Jewish communities in Europe 16712:The Generation Twenty-Five and Under 14564:United States Secretaries of Defense 13020:Task Force Marshall Information Page 13005:The George C. Marshall Index at the 12242:from the original on 8 December 2016 12091:from the original on 6 February 2015 11999:from the original on 1 November 2016 11974:. Washington, DC: Rocks Media, LLC. 11865:from the original on 20 January 2016 11418:from the original on 17 January 2021 11345:from the original on 1 February 2020 10940:from the original on 7 February 2017 10419:from the original on 5 February 2018 9733:power once he became chief of staff. 9541: 9252: 8808:. National Rifle Association Press. 8705: 7595: 7570: 7510:Associated Press: Marshall Dies 1959 7281:The Leadership of George C. Marshall 7231:Commission American Battle Monuments 6810: 6773:from the original on 9 October 2022. 6682:Frequently Asked Questions Five-Star 6329: 5985: 5853: 5747: 5196: 4903:Doctor of Military Science (DScMil) 4814:Doctor of Military Science (DScMil) 4404:Award for Distinguished Achievement 2904:beginning with the formation of the 2661:American Battle Monuments Commission 2549:border between North and South Korea 2429:American Battle Monuments Commission 1135:American Battle Monuments Commission 600: 191:American Battle Monuments Commission 18552:Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour 18532:Congressional Gold Medal recipients 18517:People from Uniontown, Pennsylvania 12801:(University Press of Kansas, 2011) 12424:Zabecki, David T. (22 April 2021). 12423: 12388:from the original on 22 August 2016 12374:Wheeler, Linda (20 February 2015). 11966:Runkle, Benjamin (3 October 2017). 11840:from the original on 25 August 2019 11832:Pierson, Frank (9 September 1995). 10954:"George C. Marshall's Dodona Manor" 10337:from the original on 9 January 2017 10161: 10060:Liebling, A. J. (18 October 1940). 9591:World War I: A Student Encyclopedia 9546:America's Failure in China, 1941–50 9158:Marshall, Katherine Tupper (1946). 8632:Buell, Thomas B.; John H. Bradley. 8203: 8161:from the original on 21 August 2019 8142:National Portrait Gallery: Stephens 8097:National Portrait Gallery: Warnecke 7957:US Army Register. 1950. pg. 362. 4703: 4150:Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal 3979:Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus 3810:Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the 3641:Army of Occupation of Germany Medal 2943:For a more comprehensive list, see 2873:in May 1945, Henry L. Stimson, the 2764: 2531:discussion that led to authorizing 2251: 1664:from November 1933 to August 1936. 1530: 1477:Colonel Marshall in France in 1919. 24: 18652:Virginia Military Institute alumni 18602:Marshall family (political family) 18472:United States Army Chiefs of Staff 18462:United States secretaries of state 15932:Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet 15798:International Atomic Energy Agency 15211:American Friends Service Committee 14038:United States Secretaries of State 12854: 12787:. (Indiana University Press, 1973) 12631:(W.W. Norton & Company, 2018) 12477: 12361:from the original on 16 April 2018 12290:from the original on 18 March 2021 12116:from the original on 21 April 2018 11735:from the original on 21 April 2021 11393:from the original on 24 April 2021 11333:Kozak, Jeffrey (28 October 2016). 11080:from the original on 24 April 2021 10848:from the original on 15 April 2021 10801:from the original on 27 March 2016 10777:from the original on 11 April 2021 10599:"George C. Marshall: Early Career" 10541:from the original on 24 April 2021 10270:"Three Scotches Aboard at Amherst" 10267: 10231:from the original on 24 April 2017 10131:from the original on 24 April 2017 10121:"Personal: Mr. Stuart B. Marshall" 10119:Parmelee, H. C. (15 August 1918). 10031:Jolemore, Kenneth A. (July 1986). 9741:George Marshall : A Biography 9487:from the original on 24 April 2017 8988:from the original on 24 April 2017 8843:from the original on 24 April 2017 8804:George, John B. (Lt. Col) (1981). 8510:. New York: Simon & Schuster. 8457: 7946:The Adjutant General's Office 1947 7293:Queen Elizabeth II Coronation 2017 6452: 6304: 4175: 2950:Two non-profit organizations, the 2527:Marshall participated in the post- 1938:Army Chief of Staff Marshall with 1671:Brigadier General Marshall in 1938 1188:. He was also a distant cousin of 1048:. Marshall commanded 5th Brigade, 71:United States Secretary of Defense 25: 18683: 18592:20th-century American politicians 15413:International Labour Organization 12910: 12463:from the original on 22 July 2021 12216:from the original on 24 June 2021 12066:from the original on 24 June 2021 12042:from the original on 8 March 2021 11909:from the original on 25 June 2021 11852: 11595:Miscamble, Wilson (1 July 2021). 11578:from the original on 27 June 2020 11339:The George C. Marshall Foundation 11222:from the original on 4 April 2017 11202:from the original on 16 July 2016 11178:from the original on 29 June 2016 11174:. George C. Marshall Foundation. 11118:Hamilton, Esther (8 March 1950). 11105:from the original on 22 June 2018 10872:from the original on 28 July 2018 10633:from the original on 28 July 2016 10629:. George C. Marshall Foundation. 10459:"Marshall And Allen Tupper Brown" 10395:from the original on 24 June 2021 10280:from the original on 24 June 2021 10205:from the original on 24 June 2021 10181:from the original on 24 June 2021 9947:Bland, Larry I. (31 July 2020) . 9794:Willbanks, James H., ed. (2013). 9358:from the original on 14 June 2021 8826:The Washingtons: A Family History 8777:. Bennington, VT: Merriam Press. 8712:. New York: Cooper Square Press. 7911:Profile Founding of Republic 2009 6914:JCPA: President Truman's Decision 6694:Stilwell, Blake (11 March 2021). 6657: 6401:George C. Marshall's Early Career 5298:George C. Marshall's Dodona Manor 4748:Command and General Staff College 4419:International Humanitarian Award 2906:European Coal and Steel Community 2739:American Academy of Dramatic Arts 1840:Marshall's efforts to expand the 1353:Citizens' Military Training Camps 38:General Marshall (disambiguation) 17422: 14727: 14572: 14069: 13564: 13557: 12671:Selected Speeches and Statements 12615:Journal of Transatlantic Studies 12436:from the original on 8 June 2021 12412:from the original on 4 June 2021 12192:from the original on 7 June 2021 12012:Sargent, Joseph (5 March 1989). 11991:Sargent, Joseph (15 July 1977). 11787:from the original on 19 May 2017 11760:from the original on 26 May 2021 11635:. 20 December 1978. p. 12. 11623:"Mrs. Marshall, Wife of General" 11609:from the original on 9 July 2021 11553:from the original on 19 May 2021 11466:from the original on 14 May 2021 11442:from the original on 26 May 2021 11320:from the original on 11 May 2021 11296:from the original on 11 May 2021 11190: 11154:from the original on 18 May 2021 11130:from the original on 2 June 2021 10964:from the original on 5 June 2021 10920:from the original on 12 May 2021 10896:from the original on 10 May 2021 10824:from the original on 12 May 2021 10731:from the original on 29 May 2021 10707:from the original on 26 May 2021 10683:from the original on 20 May 2021 10517:from the original on 19 May 2021 10493:from the original on 26 May 2021 10306:from the original on 19 May 2021 10043:from the original on 13 May 2021 9923:from the original on 13 May 2021 9831:Taylor, William A., ed. (2020). 9575:from the original on 18 May 2020 9417:from the original on 20 May 2021 9375:Santoro, Mary Catherine (1999). 9216:Pearlman, Michael David (2008). 9178:. New York: Simon and Schuster. 9161:Together: Annals of an Army Wife 9001:Keast, William R. (Maj) (1945). 8974:. New York: St. Martin's Press. 8726:from the original on 7 June 2021 8568:. Oxford University Press, Inc. 8470:1947 Brown University Graduation 8270: 8242: 8209: 8173: 8147: 8114: 7951: 7916: 7614: 7589: 7564: 7003: 6998:Unger, Unger & Hirshson 2014 6835:Unger, Unger & Hirshson 2014 6823:Unger, Unger & Hirshson 2014 6364: 5684:Unger, Unger & Hirshson 2014 5509:George Catlett Marshall Timeline 5379: 5365: 5346:Unger, Unger & Hirshson 2014 5253: 5239: 5200: 5166: 5138: 5110: 5082: 5054: 5025: 4996: 4968: 4939: 4911: 4883: 4854: 4822: 4794: 4779:Washington and Jefferson College 4763: 4732: 4635:Award for Distinguished Service 4389:Distinguished Achievement Award 4277:Military Order of the World Wars 4142: 4133:Medal of Solidarity, 2nd Class ( 4126: 4110: 4094: 4079: 4058: 4038: 4022: 4002: 3986: 3970: 3950: 3930: 3910: 3890: 3870: 3850: 3835: 3819: 3803: 3744: 3730: 3713: 3707: 3700: 3665: 3647: 3633: 3613: 3607: 3575: 3538: 3528:Army Distinguished Service Medal 3518: 3512: 3424: 3402: 3382: 3362: 3344: 3326: 3308: 3285: 3265: 3245: 3223: 3203: 3183: 3127: 2751:Together: Annals of an Army Wife 2714:Together: Annals of an Army Wife 2685:coronation of Queen Elizabeth II 2679:Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II 2612:civilian control of the military 2486:post-World War II demobilization 2384:). Marshall saw recognizing the 1896:Expands military force fortyfold 1858:civilian control of the military 1521:, the citation for which reads: 1519:Army Distinguished Service Medal 856: 764:Army Distinguished Service Medal 647: 612: 234:United States Secretary of State 34:George Marshall (disambiguation) 18662:Episcopalians from Pennsylvania 18627:20th-century American diplomats 18522:People of the Chinese Civil War 15612:Tenzin Gyatso (14th Dalai Lama) 14825:Institut de Droit International 13260:John Vereker, 6th Viscount Gort 11248:from the original on 9 May 2021 10444:from the original on 7 May 2021 9909:. New York: Osprey Publishing. 9550:. University of Chicago Press. 9145:from the original on 6 May 2021 8971:Marshall: Lessons in Leadership 8434:Today in Princeton history 2013 8314:Letter to Chairman Humanitarian 8192:Homenagem á Missão Militar 1939 7851:War Remembrance (TV Mini-Series 7791:Marshall Center's Bronze Statue 7029:Five-Star Generals in U.S. 2016 6926:Truman Adviser Recalls May 1991 6876: 6753: 6737: 6687: 6639: 6394: 6335: 6280: 6076:– via Archive Foundation. 6049: 6010: 5979: 5926: 5701: 5634: 5355: 5337: 4074:Foreign Decorations and Medals 3843:Order of Blue Sky and White Sun 3140:Marshall's dates of rank were: 2975:Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany 2962:and George-C.-Marshall-Ring in 2894:Assistant Secretary of the Navy 2340:On 5 June 1947, in a speech at 2062:, met with resistance from the 1784: 1759:West Coast of the United States 1715:Upon the retirement of General 1397:American entry into World War I 1357:American entry into World War I 904:Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army 867:George C. Marshall's speech at 543: 510: 18512:People from Leesburg, Virginia 17829:Richard von Coudenhove-Kalergi 12600:Volume: 28#3 1998. Pages 510+ 12598:Presidential Studies Quarterly 12557:Presidential Studies Quarterly 12085:Masonic Education and Analysis 12079:Stewart, Greg (13 June 2011). 11775:"Katherine Marshall, 96, Dies" 11168:"History of the Marshall Plan" 9940: 9403:. Lexington, VA: M. S. Scutt. 9286:Puryear, Edgar F. Jr. (2000). 9131:. New York: Houghton Mifflin. 9070:Johns Hopkins University Press 8743:Davenport, Matthew J. (2015). 8617:. New York, NY: Random House. 8491: 7625:. United States: Viking Press. 5552:Underwood, Jeffery S. (1991). 5545: 5514: 5328: 5319: 5303:George C. Marshall High School 4339:American Philosophical Society 4307:Theodore Roosevelt Association 3752:National Defense Service Medal 3725:with two bronze service stars 3691:Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal 3685:Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal 3655:American Defense Service Medal 3117:Will Roberts in the 2023 film 2922:said in a 1970 interview with 2703: 2366:House Appropriations Committee 2235:, was authorized by Secretary 1797:aboard the British battleship 1755:Imperial Japanese Armed Forces 1702:proposed a plan to expand the 1374: 1330:United States Army War College 1229:1900 VMI Keydets football team 1214:United States Military Academy 968:Infantry-Cavalry School Course 953:, Marshall graduated from the 13: 1: 18542:Recipients of the Silver Star 18434:Received extraordinary prize. 17977:François Seydoux de Clausonne 15351:League of Red Cross Societies 14877:Paul Estournelles de Constant 13270:Patriarch Sergius I of Moscow 12955:The Marshall Films Collection 12823:George Marshall: a Biography. 12406:George C. Marshall Foundation 12262:. May–June 1991. p. 17. 11485:. 6 February 1949. p. 6. 11436:George C. Marshall Foundation 11406:Lewis, Mark (16 April 2020). 11148:George C. Marshall Foundation 11093:Hambro, Carl Joachim (1953). 11002:Biography: George C. Marshall 10535:George C. Marshall Foundation 10463:George C. Marshall Foundation 10438:George C. Marshall Foundation 10432:csonnier (13 February 2015). 10274:George C. Marshall Foundation 10146:"Army Medals and Decorations" 8771:Farinacci, Donald J. (2010). 8662:Pearl Harbor: Final Judgement 5395: 5279:George C. Marshall Foundation 4810:Pennsylvania Military College 4481:National Civic Service Award 4430:American Planning Association 3772:(for service in World War I) 3599:Mexican Border Service Medal 3481:awarding General Marshall an 3302:(Reverted to permanent rank) 3075:in the 1995 television movie 2952:George C. Marshall Foundation 2829: 2784:Washington National Cathedral 2652:W. Atlee Burpee & Company 2630: 2617: 2537:UN offensive into North Korea 2491: 2469:National Security Act of 1947 2455:When the early months of the 1930:Replacement system criticized 1567:and was a key planner in the 1541:State, War, and Navy Building 1413:American Expeditionary Forces 1403:, commanded by Major General 1004:American Expeditionary Forces 705:Philippine–American War 18622:VMI Keydets football players 14046:Secretary of Foreign Affairs 12950:The Marshall Plan Speech MP3 12583:(Greenwood, 1993) pp 337–45. 12522:Resources in other libraries 12503:Resources in other libraries 12030:"Saving Private Ryan (1998)" 11968:"When Marshall Met Pershing" 11687:"The Nobel Peace Prize 1953" 10268:Bowers, Tom (15 June 2021). 10068:. New York, NY: Condé Nast. 9988:10.1080/00263206.2012.687252 9470:Images of America: Lexington 9164:. New York: Tupper and Love. 9125:Marshall, George C. (1976). 8897:Hanford, William B. (2008). 8504:Ambrose, Stephen E. (1997). 6251:Zabecki & Mastriano 2020 6090:Zabecki & Mastriano 2020 5962:Zabecki & Mastriano 2020 5909:Zabecki & Mastriano 2020 4661:Commonwealth of Pennsylvania 4292:Reserve Officers Association 4281:Honorary Commander-in-Chief 4231:Distinguished Service Medal 3594:Mexican Border Service Medal 3063:in the 1989 television film 3039:in the 1980 television film 2857:In 1916, Lieutenant Colonel 2824:George Marshall portrait by 2388:as a political move to gain 2382:Israel declared independence 1704:United States Army Air Corps 1097:magazine named Marshall its 823:Career highlights and awards 532:Katherine Boyce Tupper Brown 7: 18527:Nobel Peace Prize laureates 18482:American five-star officers 18477:United States Army generals 13056:20th Century Press Archives 12643:Journal of Military History 12548:(Palgrave Macmillan, 2011) 11748:Perry, Mark (6 June 2014). 10791:"General George C Marshall" 9675:Turtledove, Harry (1997) . 9555:Tucker, Spencer C. (2011). 9397:Skutt, Mary Sutton (1997). 9388:Siegbahn, K. M. G. (1954). 8562:Beisner, Robert L. (2009). 8225:Distinguished Service Medal 7402:Katherine Boyce Tupper Wife 7180:George C. Marshall's Dodona 7065:Foreign Relations of United 7016:September 26, 2020, at the 6889:September 26, 2020, at the 6720:U.S. Senate Joint Committee 6670:Buell & John H. Bradley 6406:September 24, 2015, at the 5842:Stevens & Williams 2009 5629:Marshall Is Named Head 1949 5232: 4838:College of William and Mary 4693:Virginia Military Institute 4415:Variety Clubs International 3995:Order of the Crown of Italy 3487:Distinguished Service Medal 2869:After the surrender of the 2810:Arlington National Cemetery 2741:; she later studied at the 2722:Virginia Military Institute 2578:Relief of Douglas MacArthur 2572:Relief of General MacArthur 2433:American National Red Cross 2293:allies under Generalissimo 2222:United States Pacific Fleet 2209:, and that the defenses at 2089:after it became clear that 2026:on 23 July 1945 during the 1776:, raised "at sight" by the 1772:In 1941, Marshall became a 1639:Civilian Conservation Corps 1270:Danville Military Institute 1159:Arlington National Cemetery 1139:American National Red Cross 1062:Civilian Conservation Corps 986:. After the nation entered 955:Virginia Military Institute 891:George Catlett Marshall Jr. 688:Civilian Conservation Corps 680:Civilian Conservation Corps 579:Virginia Military Institute 476:Arlington National Cemetery 435:George Catlett Marshall Jr. 300:United States Special Envoy 10: 18688: 17420: 16573:Hungarian Freedom Fighters 16025:Center for Civil Liberties 14885:International Peace Bureau 13402:Christmas Children Special 12994:November 26, 2011, at the 12807:Thompson, Rachel Yarnell. 12230:"Tora! Tora! Tora! (1970)" 12186:www.marshallfoundation.org 12060:www.marshallfoundation.org 11314:www.marshallfoundation.org 11290:www.marshallfoundation.org 10511:www.marshallfoundation.org 10363:. 12 May 1952. p. 3. 10062:"Profiles: Chief of Staff" 9648:Turtledove, Harry (2015). 9623:Fallout : the Hot War 9621:Turtledove, Harry (2016). 9292:. New York: Random House. 9024:Lengel, Edward G. (2008). 8935:Higginbotham, Don (1985). 7887:Saving Private Ryan (1998) 7312:Jeffers & Axelrod 2010 7192:Stories of Service Richard 6420:General of the Army George 5647:www.marshallfoundation.org 4726:Gave Commencement Address 4552:Disabled American Veterans 4117:Silver Medal for Bravery ( 4089:with bronze palm (France) 3993:Knight Grand Cross of the 3977:Knight Grand Cross of the 3738:World War II Victory Medal 3504:U.S. Military Decorations 3436:Army of the United States 3111:The Founding of a Republic 2942: 2687:. The delegation included 2673:Suresnes American Cemetery 2575: 2482:United States Armed Forces 2416:sovereignty following the 2255: 2226:Naval Station Pearl Harbor 2006:Planned invasion of Europe 1874:Terry de la Mesa Allen Sr. 1842:United States Armed Forces 1825:to 227,000 troops and the 1498:and the temporary rank of 1091:and other Allied leaders, 31: 18432: 18220: 18017: 17819: 17747: 17716: 17685: 17656:Secretary of the Interior 17654: 17635: 17604: 17567: 17530: 17499: 17470:Secretary of the Treasury 17468: 17431: 17397: 17093: 16859: 16524: 16514:The American Fighting-Man 16317: 16204: 16179: 16160: 16141: 16117: 16098: 15737: 15486: 15243: 15020: 14780: 14725: 14579: 14570: 14521: 14078: 14067: 14044: 13796: 13573: 13555: 13447: 13399: 13390: 13378: 13368: 13359: 13347: 13337: 13328: 13320: 13310: 13301: 13293: 13283: 13274: 13266: 13256: 13247: 13239: 13229: 13220: 13212: 13207: 13197: 13184:U.S. Secretary of Defense 13181: 13173: 13163: 13147: 13139: 13134: 13124: 13115: 13107: 13099: 13090: 13082: 13077: 12943:January 17, 2009, at the 12848:Chinese Historical Review 12677:(Infantry Journal, 1945). 12566:February 3, 2020, at the 12517:Resources in your library 12498:Resources in your library 12087:. Freemason Information. 10483:"D-Day, A Year Too Late?" 10319:Calhoun, Mark T. (2012). 9462:– via Google Books. 9338:Runkle, Benjamin (2019). 8747:. New York: St. Martins. 8446:70 years ago Harvard 2017 8122:"American Campaign Medal" 6634:D-Day Year Too Late? 2019 6239:Tucker & Roberts 2006 6211:"George Catlett Marshall" 5641:Cathy (11 October 2022). 5590:Person of Year Photo 2006 4631:Woodrow Wilson Foundation 4599:Norwegian Nobel Committee 4588:Four Freedoms Fund Award 4507:U.S. Conference of Mayors 4477:Fraternal Order of Eagles 4212:Society of the Cincinnati 4087:Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 4073: 4011:Order of Ouissam Alaouite 3899:Order of Boyacá Cherifien 3797: 3763:Overseas Service Chevrons 3623:World War I Victory Medal 3583:Philippine Campaign Medal 3569: 3503: 3415:Army of the United States 1763:Secretary of the Treasury 1506:in October 1918, but the 1429:non-commissioned officers 1349:Presidio of San Francisco 884: 845: 841: 827: 822: 811: 806: 796: 791: 784: 759: 697: 658: 643: 635: 625: 620: 608: 584: 574: 558: 489: 481: 471: 454: 430: 425: 421: 409: 397: 383: 369: 358: 350: 340: 330: 320: 309: 298: 286: 274: 260: 250: 239: 231: 219: 207: 196: 188: 176: 164: 154: 143: 135: 123: 111: 97: 87: 76: 68: 64: 52: 45: 18497:American Nobel laureates 18394:Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya 18246:Valéry Giscard d'Estaing 17687:Secretary of Agriculture 17521:Kenneth Claiborne Royall 17231:: Dr. Jerry Brown / Dr. 15720:Médecins Sans Frontières 13324:King George II of Greece 13208:Awards and achievements 13065:Generals of World War II 12965:The Marshall Plan Speech 12761:30 December 2019 at the 11543:"Truman Fires MacArthur" 11519:Marshall Foundation Blog 11515:"Marshall's Silver Star" 10457:csonnier (29 May 2015). 10434:"Marshall & Romance" 9743:. New York, NY: Harper. 9319:Roberts, Andrew (2008). 9253:Pops, Gerald M. (2009). 9028:. New York: Henry Holt. 8683:Cleaver, Thomas (2019). 8641:Campbell, James (2008). 8497: 7899:Pearl Harbor (2001) IMDb 7803:Tora! Tora! Tora! (1970) 7725:History of Marshall Plan 7535:Mossman & Stark 1991 7414:Sobel & Sicilia 2003 6066:. pp. xxxiii–xxxv. 6056:Roberts, Andrew (2009). 5313: 5126:University of California 4568:Commonwealth of Virginia 4327:Congressional Gold Medal 4065:Member 1st Class of the 3937:Member 1st Class of the 3917:Member 1st Class of the 2157:magazine named Marshall 2131:Combined Chiefs of Staff 2056:Combined Chiefs of Staff 2000:Battle of Kasserine Pass 1923:Battle of Kasserine Pass 1165:Early life and education 593:Congressional Gold Medal 18632:Time Person of the Year 18043:Konstantinos Karamanlis 16729:The Apollo 8 Astronauts 15207:Friends Service Council 13150:U.S. Secretary of State 12974:Smithsonian Institution 12928:The Marshall Foundation 12704:.(W. Morrow, 1989). 608 12210:Princeton Alumni Weekly 12081:"Made a Mason at Sight" 11947:"Recognition of Israel" 11927:Marshall Foundation.org 11855:"The Supreme Commander" 11662:Richmond Times-Dispatch 11196:www.georgecmarshall.org 10750:St. Louis Post-Dispatch 10357:Winchester Evening Star 10150:Army Information Digest 9681:. New English Library. 9068:. Baltimore, Maryland: 8916:Henry, Mark R. (2001). 8856:Gouda, Frances (2002). 8660:Clausen, Henry (2001). 8422:2-484 Speech at Trinity 7839:Enola Gay: Men, Mission 7314:, pp. 6–8, 10, 12. 6837:, pp. 389–90, 448. 5986:Roll, David L. (2019). 5939:Richmond Times-Dispatch 5448:CNN: George C. Marshall 5158:Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) 5130:Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) 5102:Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) 5074:Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) 5045:Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) 5016:Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) 4988:Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) 4959:Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) 4931:Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) 4874:Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) 4620:10th Anniversary Award 4492:New York Board of Trade 4385:Grand Lodge of New York 3939:Order of Abdon Calderon 3919:Order of Military Merit 3859:Order of Military Merit 3673:American Campaign Medal 3161:No pin insignia in 1902 3051:in the 1988 miniseries 2808:Marshall was buried at 2522:War Manpower Commission 2435:. He received the 1953 2299:Chinese Communist Party 2073:He initially scheduled 1484:Meuse–Argonne offensive 1371:for service in France. 1321:Philippine–American War 1282:Philippine–American War 1171:Uniontown, Pennsylvania 1008:Meuse-Argonne Offensive 982:, the commander of the 964:Philippine–American War 786:College football career 727:Meuse-Argonne Offensive 448:Uniontown, Pennsylvania 59:Official portrait, 1946 18487:American Episcopalians 17763:Lewis B. Schwellenbach 16688:Martin Luther King Jr. 16210:Nobel Prize recipients 16181:Physiology or Medicine 15604:UN Peacekeeping Forces 15453: (declined award) 15362:Martin Luther King Jr. 13393:Cover of Life Magazine 13362:Cover of Time Magazine 13331:Cover of Time Magazine 13304:Cover of Time Magazine 13277:Cover of Time Magazine 13250:Cover of Time Magazine 13223:Cover of Time Magazine 12839:47.1 (2013): 111–129. 12771:(Presidio Press, 2003) 12767:Puryear Jr., Edgar F. 12627:Kurtz-Phelan, Daniel. 12590:25.3 (2014): 449–467. 12538:16.3 (1991): 204–221. 12536:International Security 11949:. The Truman Library. 11460:www.marshallcenter.org 11363:George C. Marshall.org 11172:marshallfoundation.org 10958:George C. Marshall.org 10627:marshallfoundation.org 10328:kuscholarworks.ku.edu/ 9976:Middle Eastern Studies 9716:Uldrich, Jack (2005). 9530:Official Army Register 9390:Les Prix Nobel en 1953 9043:Lewis, Adrian (2012). 8823:Glenn, Justin (2014). 8645:. Three Rivers Press. 8609:Brooks, David (2015). 8525:Behrman, Greg (2007). 8374:Nobel Peace Prize 1953 7547:Mrs. Walter Coles 1929 7262:Dedication of Cemetery 6152:Marshall's Silver Star 6062:(1 ed.). London: 5934:"V. M. I. Social News" 5713:homepages.rootsweb.com 4445:New Orleans, Louisiana 4322:United States Congress 4198:Awarding Organization 4189: 4162: 4031:Order of Orange-Nassau 3786: 3764: 3686: 3595: 3558: 3498: 3490: 3469:Awards and decorations 3449: 3137: 2969:On 30 April 1998, the 2940: 2931:Tributes and memorials 2871:Nazi German government 2847: 2836: 2774: 2717: 2627: 2584:United Nations Command 2501: 2463:and named Marshall as 2452: 2369: 2337: 2271: 2189: 2173: 2125: 2124:in Iran, December 1943 2039: 1945: 1909: 1831:United States Congress 1805: 1751:United States Congress 1672: 1656:. Army Chief of Staff 1612:Katherine Tupper Brown 1573:15th Infantry Regiment 1548: 1528: 1508:Armistice with Germany 1478: 1434:In late 1917, General 1392: 1365:Department of the East 1306:30th Infantry Regiment 1232: 1177:, but cherished their 1068:. When Chief of Staff 1022:15th Infantry Regiment 992:Department of the East 136:10th President of the 18597:Virginia Independents 18163:Gro Harlem Brundtland 17998:Salvador de Madariaga 17718:Secretary of Commerce 17637:Secretary of the Navy 17441:Edward Stettinius Jr. 17145:The Good Samaritans: 16442:Franklin D. Roosevelt 16382:Franklin D. Roosevelt 16366:Franklin D. Roosevelt 15876:Ellen Johnson Sirleaf 15556:Alfonso García Robles 15536:Adolfo Pérez Esquivel 15508:Amnesty International 15120:Carlos Saavedra Lamas 13086:Stanley Dunbar Embick 13002:, 1991. CMH Pub 90–1. 12960:Marshall Scholarships 12754:8.2 (2006): 165–185. 12711:(Penguin Press, 2007) 12645:2002 66(4): 1001–10. 12620:Jordan, Jonathan W., 12511:By George C. Marshall 12110:Winston Churchill.org 12104:Stoler, Mark (2015). 11905:. 30 September 2009. 11723:"Pearl Harbor (2001)" 11432:"Marshall and Mattis" 11408:"Kitty Winn's Circle" 11387:www.trumanlibrary.gov 11124:Youngstown Vindicator 10980:. CNN. Archived from 10795:general-wedemeyer.com 10579:Kappa Alpha Order.org 9901:Mastriano, Douglas V. 9500:Stoler, Mark (1989). 9379:. Roanoke, Virginia: 8920:. Osprey Publishing. 8689:Bloomsbury Publishing 8613:The Road to Character 8362:938- Def. Sec. George 8155:"Marshall and Medals" 8109:Marshall at attention 7752:Dick Cavett Show 1970 7713:Christian Herald 1973 7480:Clifton S. Brown 1952 7204:3-147 To David Burpee 6938:Recognition of Israel 6410:. georgecmarshall.org 6023:The Salt Lake Tribune 4462:San Juan, Puerto Rico 4296:Permanent Membership 4216:Honorary Membership 4183: 4161: 4045:Grand Officer of the 3781: 3762: 3684: 3659:Foreign Service Clasp 3593: 3556: 3496: 3476: 3448: 3135: 2938: 2842: 2823: 2816:Reputation and legacy 2772: 2711: 2625: 2520:, former head of the 2499: 2450: 2431:and president of the 2413:declared independence 2405:invasion of Indonesia 2378:1948 Arab–Israeli War 2363: 2327: 2265: 2183: 2168: 2107: 2013: 1937: 1903: 1792: 1700:Franklin D. Roosevelt 1685:Vancouver, Washington 1677:3rd Infantry Division 1670: 1650:Franklin D. Roosevelt 1623:8th Infantry Regiment 1538: 1523: 1476: 1382: 1227: 1137:and president of the 1066:Deputy Chief of Staff 1050:3rd Infantry Division 1038:8th Infantry Regiment 908:Franklin D. Roosevelt 692:8th Infantry Regiment 672:3rd Infantry Division 636:Years of service 374:Franklin D. Roosevelt 18414:the Ukrainian people 18266:Carlo Azeglio Ciampi 18095:People of Luxembourg 17532:Secretary of Defense 17478:Henry Morgenthau Jr. 17262:The Silence Breakers 17129:The American Soldier 17110:The Whistleblowers: 16968:The Endangered Earth 16750:The Middle Americans 16704:William Westmoreland 16597:Dwight D. Eisenhower 16466:Dwight D. Eisenhower 16195:Fritz Albert Lipmann 15991:World Food Programme 13798:Vice Chiefs of Staff 13128:Dwight D. Eisenhower 12899:Marshall, George C. 12669:Marshall, George C. 12659:1979 3(4): 349–375. 12617:6.3 (2008): 290–304. 12588:Leadership Quarterly 12323:(21 February 1997). 12212:. 22 February 2013. 11807:. 16 December 2006. 11438:. 10 February 2017. 11074:Pennsylvania Society 10910:"George C. Marshall" 10886:"George C. Marshall" 10487:U.S. Naval Institute 10389:scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu 10377:NewspaperArchive.com 8282:search.amphilsoc.org 8278:"APS Member History" 8182:001-035100-00103-016 8128:on 29 November 2014. 7041:Marshall Mattis 2017 6904:, pp. 227-247.. 5709:"Marshall Genealogy" 5293:Marshall Scholarship 5269:German Marshall Fund 5214:adding missing items 5182:University of Oxford 5154:University of London 4955:Princeton University 4753:Doctor of Philosophy 4526:Honorary Membership 4262:Pennsylvania Society 4186:Anthony de Francisci 3845:(Republic of China) 3792:Overseas Service Bar 3784:Overseas Service Bar 3570:U.S. Service Medals 3489:on 26 November 1945. 3453:General of the Army 2993:Fictional portrayals 2902:European integration 2854:." (Emphasis added) 2779:Walter Reed Hospital 2465:Secretary of Defense 2443:Secretary of Defense 2380:began one day after 2081:for the invasion of 2064:British Armed Forces 2046:for the invasion of 1975:Dwight D. Eisenhower 1862:Dwight D. Eisenhower 1766:Henry Morgenthau Jr. 1761:. Marshall met with 1749:On 11 May 1940, the 1459:Imperial German Army 1278:Spanish–American War 1256:he was selected for 1204:, whereas he was an 1145:at the start of the 1143:Secretary of Defense 920:Secretary of Defense 517:; died 416:Dwight D. Eisenhower 336:Position established 189:2nd Chairman of the 18492:American Freemasons 18422:Pinchas Goldschmidt 18314:Jean-Claude Trichet 18274:Jean-Claude Juncker 18111:François Mitterrand 17969:European Commission 17732:W. Averell Harriman 17515:Robert P. Patterson 17327:Volodymyr Zelenskyy 16311:Persons of the Year 15672:Pugwash Conferences 13355:Alesso Baldovinetti 13351:"Madonna and Child" 12850:27.1 (2020): 32–49. 12797:Taaffe, Stephen R. 12783:Steele, Richard W. 12624:(NAL/Caliber 2015). 12544:Brower, Charles F. 12456:The Herald-Standard 12381:The Washington Post 12321:Waddell, Charles L. 11780:The Washington Post 11657:"Mrs. Walter Coles" 11574:. Washington, D.C. 11495:georgecmarshall.org 11491:"The Marshall Plan" 10984:on 13 November 2007 10679:. 19 October 2016. 10603:georgecmarshall.org 9542:Tsou, Tang (1963). 9440:. Greenwood Press. 8901:. Stackpole Books. 8484:, pp. 270–271. 8265:Office of Clerk U.S 7827:Ike: War Years (TV) 7537:, pp. 159–167. 7250:Building on Mission 6332:, pp. 116–117. 6265:, pp. 41, 400. 5885:GCM Foundation 1996 5187:Doctor of Civil Law 4927:Columbia University 4710: 4554:, New York Chapter 4009:Grand Cross of the 3897:Grand Cross of the 3877:Grand Cross of the 3857:Grand Cross of the 3826:Grand Cross of the 3432:General of the Army 3333:Lieutenant colonel 3215:United States Army 3195:United States Army 3090:Saving Private Ryan 3054:War and Remembrance 2979:Wartenberg, Bavaria 2799:Alfred M. Gruenther 2795:Christian A. Herter 2592:W. Averell Harriman 2279:dispatched Marshall 2220:, commander of the 2194:Pearl Harbor Attack 2138:General of the Army 1721:New Deal liberalism 1616:Baltimore, Maryland 1561:Army Chief of Staff 1345:Army Chief of Staff 1190:Richard J. Marshall 1085:General of the Army 1015:Army Chief of Staff 949:Born in Uniontown, 744:Operation Beleaguer 710:Post-war insurgency 653:General of the Army 563:Richard J. Marshall 18507:Cold War diplomats 18410:Volodymyr Zelensky 18362:Timothy Garton Ash 18330:Dalia Grybauskaitė 18072:King Juan Carlos I 17898:George C. Marshall 17811:Recipients of the 17749:Secretary of Labor 17707:Charles F. Brannan 17670:Julius Albert Krug 17626:Jesse M. Donaldson 17620:Robert E. Hannegan 17606:Postmaster General 17595:James P. McGranery 17552:George C. Marshall 17490:John Wesley Snyder 17453:George C. Marshall 17433:Secretary of State 16892:Ayatollah Khomeini 16557:John Foster Dulles 16151:George C. Marshall 16108:Hermann Staudinger 15943:Juan Manuel Santos 15269:George C. Marshall 15112:Carl von Ossietzky 15007:Austen Chamberlain 14873:A. M. F. Beernaert 14841:Theodore Roosevelt 14833:Bertha von Suttner 14083:1789–present 14080:Secretary of State 13451:Commanding General 13441:United States Army 13397:December 18, 1950 13287:Erich von Manstein 13233:Sir Alan F. Brooke 13135:Political offices 13043:George C. Marshall 12919:on Nobelprize.org 12917:George C. Marshall 12794:(Twayne, 1989) 252 12657:Diplomatic History 12489:George C. Marshall 12384:. Washington, DC. 11853:Pogue, Forrest C. 11783:. Washington, DC. 11482:The New York Times 10359:. Winchester, VA. 10004:"Christian Herald" 9652:. Recorded Books. 9381:Hollins University 8603:Electronic version 8326:Key to New Orleans 8180:Academia Historica 8157:. 24 August 2018. 7925:Oppenheimer (2023) 7623:George C. Marshall 7621:Pogue, FC (1963). 7571:Hill, MJR (2014). 7559:Mrs. Marshall 1978 6801:, pp. 145–51. 6581:, pp. 277–84. 6506:, pp. 271–84. 6434:, pp. 32, 33. 5286:George C. Marshall 5212:; you can help by 4984:Harvard University 4899:Norwich University 4708: 4665:Meritorious Medal 4557:Citizenship Award 4522:Franklin Institute 4190: 4163: 3787: 3765: 3687: 3675:(First recipient) 3596: 3559: 3499: 3491: 3450: 3253:Lieutenant colonel 3171:United States Army 3138: 3030:Ike, The War Years 2960:Wiesbaden, Germany 2941: 2837: 2826:Thomas E. Stephens 2775: 2718: 2641:Leesburg, Virginia 2628: 2516:as his deputy and 2502: 2453: 2370: 2368:. 15 January 1948. 2342:Harvard University 2338: 2336:on 21 January 1947 2315:Secretary of State 2309:Secretary of State 2272: 2207:Neutrality Patrols 2190: 2126: 2114:Vyacheslav Molotov 2075:Operation Overlord 2052:Arcadia Conference 2048:Continental Europe 2040: 2028:Potsdam Conference 2020:Henry "Hap" Arnold 1946: 1914:Army Ground Forces 1910: 1906:Infantry in Battle 1904:Cover to the book 1848:conquered most of 1815:Field Manual 100-5 1806: 1744:invasion of Poland 1709:United States Army 1681:Vancouver Barracks 1673: 1605:Infantry in Battle 1601:Infantry in Battle 1595:. Marshall placed 1581:lieutenant colonel 1549: 1479: 1451:Battle of Cantigny 1444:Robert Lee Bullard 1440:Commander-in-Chief 1395:Shortly after the 1393: 1385:Robert Lee Bullard 1274:Danville, Virginia 1233: 1231:. Marshall circled 1123:Secretary of State 1054:Vancouver Barracks 984:Western Department 972:Army Staff College 916:Secretary of State 900:United States Army 869:Harvard University 630:United States Army 346:Position abolished 183:E. Roland Harriman 138:American Red Cross 47:George C. Marshall 18439: 18438: 18402:Veronika Tsepkalo 18398:Maria Kalesnikava 18338:Herman Van Rompuy 18322:Wolfgang Schäuble 18258:Pope John Paul II 18195:Bronisław Geremek 17874:Winston Churchill 17845:Alcide De Gasperi 17813:Charlemagne Prize 17778: 17777: 17738:Charles W. Sawyer 17695:Claude R. Wickard 17589:J. Howard McGrath 17349: 17348: 17331:Spirit of Ukraine 17031:Pope John Paul II 17008:The Peacemakers: 16984:George H. W. Bush 16976:Mikhail Gorbachev 16960:Mikhail Gorbachev 16804:Susan Brownmiller 16720:Lyndon B. Johnson 16696:Lyndon B. Johnson 16605:U.S. Scientists: 16589:Charles de Gaulle 16581:Nikita Khrushchev 16533:Mohammed Mosaddeq 16506:Winston Churchill 16434:Winston Churchill 16326:Charles Lindbergh 16274: 16273: 16132:Winston Churchill 16056: 16055: 15917:Kailash Satyarthi 15802:Mohamed ElBaradei 15620:Mikhail Gorbachev 15315:Philip Noel-Baker 15299:Lester B. Pearson 15261:Albert Schweitzer 15042:Ferdinand Buisson 15034:Gustav Stresemann 14913:Henri La Fontaine 14774:Nobel Peace Prize 14736: 14735: 14530: 14529: 14004: 14003: 13407: 13406: 13400:Succeeded by 13369:Succeeded by 13341:Arnold J. Toynbee 13338:Succeeded by 13311:Succeeded by 13284:Succeeded by 13257:Succeeded by 13254:October 19, 1942 13230:Succeeded by 13198:Succeeded by 13192: 13164:Succeeded by 13158: 13125:Succeeded by 13102:Lorenzo D. Gasser 13100:Succeeded by 13078:Military offices 12774:Roberts, Andrew. 12700:Parrish, Thomas. 12675:Harvey A. DeWeerd 12559:(1991): 489–502. 12484:Library resources 12459:. Uniontown, PA. 12408:. 6 August 2020. 12160:. San Bruno, CA: 11754:POLITICO Magazine 11631:. Baltimore, MD. 11628:The Baltimore Sun 11539:McCullough, David 11501:on 9 January 2009 10862:"George Marshall" 10820:. 15 March 2016. 10753:. St. Louis, MO. 10701:history.state.gov 10249:www.karlspreis.de 9916:978-1-4728-3861-2 9897:Zabecki, David T. 9844:978-0-8061-6765-7 9807:978-0-8131-4212-8 9659:978-1-4906-4254-3 9632:978-0-553-39073-5 9601:978-1-85109-879-8 9568:978-1-85109-961-0 9515:978-0-8057-7768-0 9480:978-0-7385-6818-8 9410:978-0-9661-5820-5 9351:978-0-8117-6849-8 9330:978-0-7139-9969-3 9299:978-0-89141-770-5 9229:978-0-2533-5066-4 9170:McCullough, David 9138:978-0-395-20725-3 9079:978-0-8018-2552-1 9035:978-0-8050-7931-9 8981:978-0-230-11425-8 8948:978-0-8203-2400-5 8927:978-1-84176-086-5 8908:978-0-8117-3485-1 8836:978-1-940669-30-4 8784:978-0-557-40902-0 8754:978-1-2500-5644-3 8719:978-1-4616-6099-6 8706:Cray, Ed (1990). 8652:978-0-307-33597-5 8624:978-0-8129-9325-7 8575:978-0-19-970012-7 8538:978-0-7432-8263-5 7700:, pp. 27–28. 7596:Pops, GM (2010). 7126:Diary entries 6 7 6789:, pp. 23–24. 6700:We Are The Mighty 6600:, pp. 12–14. 6539:, pp. 13–21. 6476:, pp. 27–51. 6351:. 1 October 2018. 6213:. Military Times. 6183:, pp. 93–94. 6073:978-0-141-02926-9 5999:978-1-1019-9098-8 5923:, pp. 21–25. 5899:, pp. 13–14. 5750:, pp. 23–24. 5696:Higginbotham 1985 5565:978-0-8909-6388-3 5534:978-0-8179-7891-4 5436:Historical Office 5230: 5229: 5195: 5194: 5098:Lafayette College 5070:McGill University 4784:Doctor of Science 4709:Honorary degrees 4701: 4700: 4697:New Market Medal 4681:Charlemagne Prize 4616:American Veterans 4604:Nobel Peace Prize 4400:Kappa Alpha Order 4173: 4172: 4152:(United Kingdom) 3959:Order of George I 3814:(United Kingdom) 3812:Order of the Bath 3770:Overseas Chevrons 3463: 3462: 3439:16 December 1944 3419:1 September 1939 3397:1 September 1939 3370:Brigadier general 3357:1 September 1933 3166:Second lieutenant 3099:in the 2001 film 3087:in the 1998 film 3027:in the 1979 film 3015:in the 1977 film 3007:Tora! Tora! Tora! 3004:in the 1970 film 2983:Vernon A. Walters 2864:under his command 2743:Comédie-Française 2698:Buckingham Palace 2693:Westminster Abbey 2533:Douglas MacArthur 2518:Anna M. Rosenberg 2437:Nobel Peace Prize 2357:in January 1948. 2287:Chinese Civil War 2283:Republic of China 2218:Husband E. Kimmel 2122:Tehran Conference 2036:Brigade of Guards 1804:on 10 August 1941 1795:Winston Churchill 1757:aircraft off the 1728:Douglas MacArthur 1689:Pacific Northwest 1658:Douglas MacArthur 1577:Republic of China 1504:brigadier general 1405:William L. Sibert 1339:to Major General 1298:second lieutenant 1219:Augusta, Kentucky 1200:and his mother a 1131:Nobel Peace Prize 1089:Winston Churchill 1058:brigadier general 959:second lieutenant 944:Nobel Peace Prize 936:Chinese Civil War 924:Winston Churchill 914:, then served as 906:under Presidents 888: 887: 862: 739:Chinese Civil War 597:Charlemagne Prize 589:Nobel Peace Prize 500:Lily Carter Coles 388:Lorenzo D. 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Kellogg 15055: 15054: 15048: 15036: 15013: 15001: 15000: 14994: 14993: 14987: 14979: 14973:Hjalmar Branting 14967: 14959: 14951: 14950: 14944: 14936: 14935: 14929: 14928: 14922: 14921: 14915: 14907: 14899: 14887: 14879: 14867: 14855: 14843: 14835: 14827: 14819: 14811: 14799: 14763: 14756: 14749: 14740: 14739: 14731: 14576: 14557: 14550: 14543: 14534: 14533: 14073: 14072: 14031: 14024: 14017: 14008: 14007: 13568: 13561: 13449:Senior Officer / 13433: 13426: 13419: 13410: 13409: 13379:Preceded by 13366:January 5, 1948 13348:Preceded by 13321:Preceded by 13297:Francisco Franco 13294:Preceded by 13281:January 3, 1944 13267:Preceded by 13240:Preceded by 13213:Preceded by 13201:Robert A. Lovett 13187: 13177:Louis A. Johnson 13174:Preceded by 13153: 13140:Preceded by 13108:Preceded by 13083:Preceded by 13075: 13074: 13037:Internet Archive 12924: 12825:(Harper, 2014). 12790:Stoler, Mark C. 12752:Public Integrity 12684:(1994). 74:14–23 12682:Military Review. 12576:(2011). 2:17–34. 12472: 12470: 12468: 12445: 12443: 12441: 12421: 12419: 12417: 12397: 12395: 12393: 12370: 12368: 12366: 12344: 12342: 12340: 12316: 12299: 12297: 12295: 12275: 12273: 12271: 12251: 12249: 12247: 12225: 12223: 12221: 12201: 12199: 12197: 12177: 12175: 12173: 12151: 12149: 12147: 12125: 12123: 12121: 12100: 12098: 12096: 12075: 12073: 12071: 12051: 12049: 12047: 12025: 12023: 12021: 12008: 12006: 12004: 11987: 11985: 11983: 11972:War on the Rocks 11962: 11960: 11958: 11942: 11940: 11938: 11918: 11916: 11914: 11894: 11892: 11890: 11874: 11872: 11870: 11849: 11847: 11845: 11828: 11826: 11824: 11796: 11794: 11792: 11769: 11767: 11765: 11744: 11742: 11740: 11718: 11717:on 23 July 2011. 11713:. 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Archived from 8118: 8112: 8106: 8100: 8094: 8088: 8082: 8073: 8067: 8061: 8055: 7958: 7955: 7949: 7943: 7937: 7936: 7935:– via IMDb 7934: 7932: 7920: 7914: 7908: 7902: 7896: 7890: 7884: 7878: 7872: 7866: 7860: 7854: 7848: 7842: 7836: 7830: 7824: 7818: 7812: 7806: 7800: 7794: 7788: 7779: 7773: 7767: 7761: 7755: 7749: 7740: 7734: 7728: 7722: 7716: 7710: 7701: 7695: 7678: 7672: 7663: 7657: 7651: 7645: 7639: 7633: 7627: 7626: 7618: 7612: 7611: 7593: 7587: 7586: 7568: 7562: 7556: 7550: 7544: 7538: 7532: 7513: 7507: 7498: 7492: 7483: 7477: 7471: 7465: 7459: 7453: 7447: 7441: 7432: 7426: 7417: 7411: 7405: 7399: 7393: 7387: 7381: 7375: 7369: 7363: 7354: 7348: 7342: 7336: 7330: 7324: 7315: 7309: 7296: 7290: 7284: 7278: 7265: 7259: 7253: 7247: 7234: 7228: 7222: 7216: 7207: 7201: 7195: 7189: 7183: 7177: 7168: 7162: 7153: 7147: 7141: 7135: 7129: 7123: 7117: 7111: 7105: 7099: 7093: 7090:McCullough 1992b 7087: 7068: 7062: 7056: 7050: 7044: 7038: 7032: 7026: 7020: 7007: 7001: 6995: 6989: 6983: 6977: 6971: 6965: 6959: 6953: 6947: 6941: 6935: 6929: 6923: 6917: 6911: 6905: 6899: 6893: 6880: 6874: 6868: 6862: 6859:McCullough 1992a 6856: 6850: 6844: 6838: 6832: 6826: 6820: 6814: 6808: 6802: 6796: 6790: 6784: 6775: 6774: 6772: 6765: 6757: 6751: 6750: 6741: 6735: 6729: 6723: 6717: 6711: 6710: 6708: 6706: 6691: 6685: 6679: 6673: 6667: 6661: 6655: 6649: 6643: 6637: 6631: 6625: 6624:, p. 66-81. 6619: 6613: 6607: 6601: 6595: 6582: 6576: 6567: 6564:Vandergriff 2003 6561: 6552: 6546: 6540: 6534: 6528: 6522: 6507: 6501: 6492: 6486: 6477: 6471: 6465: 6459: 6450: 6444: 6435: 6429: 6423: 6417: 6411: 6398: 6392: 6386: 6380: 6374: 6368: 6362: 6353: 6352: 6339: 6333: 6327: 6321: 6315: 6302: 6301: 6293:The Constitution 6284: 6278: 6272: 6266: 6260: 6254: 6248: 6242: 6236: 6227: 6221: 6215: 6214: 6207: 6196: 6190: 6184: 6178: 6172: 6166: 6155: 6149: 6132: 6126: 6120: 6114: 6108: 6102: 6093: 6087: 6078: 6077: 6053: 6047: 6041: 6032: 6031: 6014: 6008: 6007: 5983: 5977: 5971: 5965: 5959: 5948: 5947: 5930: 5924: 5918: 5912: 5906: 5900: 5894: 5888: 5882: 5876: 5870: 5857: 5851: 5845: 5839: 5830: 5824: 5811: 5805: 5799: 5793: 5778: 5772: 5766: 5760: 5751: 5745: 5736: 5730: 5724: 5723: 5721: 5719: 5705: 5699: 5693: 5687: 5681: 5675: 5669: 5658: 5657: 5655: 5653: 5638: 5632: 5626: 5620: 5614: 5608: 5602: 5593: 5587: 5574: 5573: 5549: 5543: 5542: 5518: 5512: 5506: 5451: 5445: 5439: 5433: 5424: 5418: 5412: 5406: 5390: 5383: 5377: 5369: 5363: 5359: 5353: 5341: 5335: 5332: 5326: 5323: 5263: 5258: 5257: 5256: 5249: 5247:Biography portal 5244: 5243: 5242: 5225: 5222: 5204: 5203: 5197: 5177:11 November 1947 5172: 5170: 5169: 5144: 5142: 5141: 5116: 5114: 5113: 5088: 5086: 5085: 5060: 5058: 5057: 5041:Brown University 5031: 5029: 5028: 5002: 5000: 4999: 4974: 4972: 4971: 4950:22 February 1947 4945: 4943: 4942: 4917: 4915: 4914: 4889: 4887: 4886: 4860: 4858: 4857: 4828: 4826: 4825: 4800: 4798: 4797: 4769: 4767: 4766: 4738: 4736: 4735: 4711: 4707: 4704:Honorary degrees 4541:Key to the City 4537:Youngstown, Ohio 4466:Key to the City 4374:Man of the Year 4343:Resident Member 4192: 4191: 4146: 4130: 4114: 4098: 4083: 4067:Order of Suvorov 4062: 4047:Order of the Sun 4042: 4026: 4006: 3990: 3974: 3954: 3934: 3914: 3894: 3874: 3854: 3839: 3828:Legion of Honour 3823: 3807: 3748: 3734: 3717: 3711: 3704: 3669: 3651: 3637: 3617: 3611: 3579: 3542: 3532:Oak Leaf Cluster 3522: 3516: 3501: 3500: 3483:Oak Leaf Cluster 3428: 3406: 3386: 3366: 3348: 3330: 3312: 3289: 3269: 3249: 3227: 3207: 3191:First lieutenant 3187: 3175:2 February 1901 3143: 3142: 2875:Secretary of War 2834: 2831: 2765:Death and burial 2745:and toured with 2514:Robert A. Lovett 2484:following their 2461:Louis A. Johnson 2319:Robert A. Lovett 2258:Marshall Mission 2252:Mission to China 2241:Rufus S. Bratton 2203:Hawaiian Command 2164:oak leaf cluster 1995:Lloyd Fredendall 1983:George S. Patton 1940:Secretary of War 1886:Mark Wayne Clark 1882:Lesley J. McNair 1878:Lloyd Fredendall 1870:George S. Patton 1854:Battle of France 1811:Army War College 1732:Louis A. Johnson 1696:Washington, D.C. 1646:Great Depression 1597:Edwin F. Harding 1565:Army War College 1545:Washington, D.C. 1531:Between the wars 1436:John J. Pershing 1409:Lesley J. McNair 1361:Governors Island 1341:J. Franklin Bell 1294:William McKinley 1246:offensive tackle 1077:Henry L. Stimson 1026:Army War College 1018:John J. Pershing 980:J. Franklin Bell 897: 871:introducing the 864: 863: 852:Marshall's voice 686:and District F, 678:and District I, 651: 621:Military service 616: 570:(Distant Cousin) 565:(Distant Cousin) 551: 549: 545: 522: 520: 516: 512: 465:Washington, D.C. 461: 445:31 December 1880 444: 442: 426:Personal details 412: 400: 363: 343: 333: 314: 289: 277: 269:Robert A. Lovett 244: 222: 214:John J. Pershing 210: 201: 179: 167: 148: 130:Robert A. Lovett 126: 118:Louis A. Johnson 114: 106:Robert A. 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Walker 17600: 17563: 17540:James Forrestal 17526: 17495: 17464: 17447:James F. Byrnes 17427: 17423: 17418: 17393: 17390:Harry S. Truman 17380: 17350: 17345: 17337: 17325: 17317: 17305: 17297: 17272:Jamal Khashoggi 17270:The Guardians: 17269: 17268: 17260: 17252: 17244: 17227: 17226: 17218: 17210: 17202: 17196:Mark Zuckerberg 17194: 17186: 17178: 17170: 17162: 17144: 17143: 17135: 17127: 17120:Sherron Watkins 17109: 17108: 17100: 17089: 17081: 17073: 17061: 17053: 17045: 17037: 17029: 17007: 17006: 16998: 16990: 16982: 16974: 16966: 16958: 16950: 16942: 16936:Peter Ueberroth 16934: 16922: 16914: 16906: 16898: 16890: 16882: 16874: 16866: 16855: 16808:Kathleen Byerly 16801: 16800: 16792: 16784: 16774:Henry Kissinger 16772: 16764: 16756: 16748: 16727: 16726: 16718: 16710: 16702: 16694: 16686: 16680:Pope John XXIII 16678: 16672:John F. Kennedy 16670: 16663:Robert Woodward 16659:James Van Allen 16604: 16603: 16595: 16587: 16579: 16571: 16563: 16555: 16549:Konrad Adenauer 16547: 16539: 16531: 16520: 16512: 16504: 16498:Harry S. Truman 16496: 16490:George Marshall 16488: 16482:James F. Byrnes 16480: 16474:Harry S. Truman 16472: 16464: 16458:George Marshall 16456: 16448: 16440: 16432: 16424: 16416: 16406:Chiang Kai-shek 16404: 16396: 16388: 16380: 16374:Hugh S. Johnson 16372: 16364: 16356: 16350:Mohandas Gandhi 16348: 16340: 16334:Walter Chrysler 16332: 16324: 16313: 16305: 16275: 16270: 16208: 16200: 16197:(United States) 16191:(Great Britain) 16175: 16156: 16153:(United States) 16137: 16134:(Great Britain) 16113: 16094: 16087: 16057: 16052: 16047:to be announced 16041: 16030: 16017:Ales Bialiatski 16011: 15996: 15985: 15974: 15959: 15948: 15937: 15926: 15911: 15900: 15889: 15884:Tawakkol Karman 15870: 15859: 15848: 15837: 15822: 15807: 15792: 15787:Wangari Maathai 15781: 15770: 15759: 15744: 15733: 15725: 15717: 15705: 15693: 15681: 15669: 15653: 15641: 15633: 15625: 15617: 15609: 15601: 15593: 15585: 15577: 15569: 15561: 15549: 15541: 15533: 15525: 15513: 15505: 15493: 15482: 15477:Andrei Sakharov 15474: 15462: 15457:Henry Kissinger 15447: 15441: 15440: 15429: 15418: 15407: 15396: 15388: 15387: 15379: 15378: 15367: 15356: 15344: 15336: 15328: 15320: 15312: 15304: 15296: 15290: 15289: 15283: 15282: 15274: 15266: 15258: 15250: 15239: 15231: 15223: 15217: 15216: 15204: 15192: 15184: 15176: 15170: 15169: 15163: 15162: 15156: 15155: 15149: 15148: 15142: 15141: 15133: 15125: 15117: 15109: 15101: 15093: 15087: 15086: 15081:Nicholas Butler 15074: 15066: 15058: 15052: 15051: 15039: 15030:Aristide Briand 15027: 15016: 15004: 14998: 14997: 14991: 14990: 14985:Fridtjof Nansen 14982: 14977:Christian Lange 14970: 14962: 14954: 14948: 14947: 14939: 14933: 14932: 14926: 14925: 14919: 14918: 14910: 14902: 14890: 14882: 14870: 14858: 14846: 14838: 14830: 14822: 14814: 14802: 14787: 14776: 14767: 14737: 14732: 14723: 14577: 14566: 14561: 14531: 14526: 14517: 14082: 14074: 14070: 14065: 14049:1781–1789 14048: 14040: 14035: 14005: 14000: 13792: 13575:Chiefs of Staff 13569: 13563: 13562: 13553: 13450: 13443: 13439:Leaders of the 13437: 13403: 13396: 13388: 13374: 13365: 13357: 13343: 13335:March 10, 1947 13334: 13326: 13316: 13308:March 25, 1946 13307: 13299: 13289: 13280: 13272: 13262: 13253: 13245: 13235: 13226: 13218: 13203: 13194: 13190:Harry S. Truman 13186: 13179: 13169: 13160: 13156:Harry S. Truman 13152: 13145: 13143:James F. Byrnes 13130: 13121: 13113: 13103: 13096: 13088: 13029:The short film 12996:Wayback Machine 12945:Wayback Machine 12913: 12857: 12855:Primary sources 12837:History Teacher 12763:Wayback Machine 12637:May, Ernest R. 12568:Wayback Machine 12528: 12527: 12526: 12508: 12507: 12492: 12491: 12487: 12480: 12478:Further reading 12475: 12466: 12464: 12439: 12437: 12415: 12413: 12391: 12389: 12364: 12362: 12338: 12336: 12293: 12291: 12269: 12267: 12245: 12243: 12219: 12217: 12195: 12193: 12171: 12169: 12145: 12143: 12119: 12117: 12094: 12092: 12069: 12067: 12045: 12043: 12019: 12017: 12002: 12000: 11981: 11979: 11956: 11954: 11936: 11934: 11912: 11910: 11888: 11886: 11885:on 6 March 2012 11868: 11866: 11843: 11841: 11822: 11820: 11790: 11788: 11763: 11761: 11738: 11736: 11700: 11698: 11672: 11670: 11642: 11640: 11612: 11610: 11581: 11579: 11556: 11554: 11547:History Net.com 11528: 11526: 11504: 11502: 11469: 11467: 11445: 11443: 11421: 11419: 11396: 11394: 11372: 11370: 11348: 11346: 11323: 11321: 11299: 11297: 11275: 11273: 11251: 11249: 11225: 11223: 11205: 11203: 11181: 11179: 11157: 11155: 11133: 11131: 11108: 11106: 11083: 11081: 11059: 11057: 11035: 11033: 11011: 11009: 10987: 10985: 10967: 10965: 10943: 10941: 10923: 10921: 10899: 10897: 10875: 10873: 10851: 10849: 10827: 10825: 10804: 10802: 10780: 10778: 10734: 10732: 10710: 10708: 10686: 10684: 10662: 10660: 10636: 10634: 10612: 10610: 10588: 10586: 10564: 10562: 10544: 10542: 10520: 10518: 10496: 10494: 10489:. 1 June 2019. 10472: 10470: 10447: 10445: 10422: 10420: 10398: 10396: 10370: 10368: 10340: 10338: 10334: 10323: 10309: 10307: 10283: 10281: 10258: 10256: 10234: 10232: 10208: 10206: 10201:. 22 May 2017. 10199:Harvard Gazette 10184: 10182: 10164: 10134: 10132: 10100: 10098: 10075: 10073: 10046: 10044: 10037:Military Review 10017: 10015: 9966: 9956:Military Review 9951: 9943: 9926: 9924: 9917: 9903:, eds. (2020). 9886: 9884: 9880: 9873: 9854: 9852: 9845: 9817: 9815: 9808: 9784: 9782: 9778: 9771: 9751: 9728: 9706: 9704: 9689: 9660: 9633: 9611: 9609: 9602: 9578: 9576: 9569: 9516: 9490: 9488: 9481: 9457: 9455: 9448: 9420: 9418: 9411: 9361: 9359: 9352: 9331: 9309: 9307: 9300: 9276: 9274: 9267: 9239: 9237: 9230: 9206: 9204: 9186: 9148: 9146: 9139: 9105: 9104: 9097: 9095: 9080: 9055: 9036: 9026:To Conquer Hell 9014: 9012: 8991: 8989: 8982: 8958: 8956: 8949: 8928: 8909: 8887: 8885: 8870: 8846: 8844: 8837: 8816: 8794: 8792: 8785: 8755: 8729: 8727: 8720: 8699: 8676: 8653: 8625: 8576: 8548: 8546: 8539: 8518: 8500: 8494: 8489: 8488: 8480: 8476: 8468: 8464: 8456: 8452: 8444: 8440: 8432: 8428: 8420: 8416: 8408: 8404: 8400:, pp. 101. 8396: 8392: 8384: 8380: 8372: 8368: 8360: 8356: 8348: 8344: 8338:Key to San Juan 8336: 8332: 8324: 8320: 8312: 8308: 8300: 8296: 8286: 8284: 8276: 8275: 8271: 8263: 8259: 8252:. 28 May 2024. 8247: 8243: 8235: 8231: 8223: 8219: 8214: 8210: 8202: 8198: 8190: 8186: 8178: 8174: 8164: 8162: 8153: 8152: 8148: 8140: 8133: 8120: 8119: 8115: 8107: 8103: 8095: 8091: 8083: 8076: 8068: 8064: 8060:, pp. 5–6. 8056: 7961: 7956: 7952: 7944: 7940: 7930: 7928: 7922: 7921: 7917: 7909: 7905: 7897: 7893: 7885: 7881: 7873: 7869: 7861: 7857: 7849: 7845: 7837: 7833: 7825: 7821: 7813: 7809: 7801: 7797: 7789: 7782: 7774: 7770: 7762: 7758: 7750: 7743: 7735: 7731: 7723: 7719: 7711: 7704: 7696: 7681: 7673: 7666: 7658: 7654: 7646: 7642: 7634: 7630: 7619: 7615: 7608: 7594: 7590: 7583: 7569: 7565: 7557: 7553: 7545: 7541: 7533: 7516: 7508: 7501: 7493: 7486: 7478: 7474: 7466: 7462: 7454: 7450: 7442: 7435: 7427: 7420: 7412: 7408: 7400: 7396: 7388: 7384: 7376: 7372: 7364: 7357: 7349: 7345: 7337: 7333: 7325: 7318: 7310: 7299: 7291: 7287: 7279: 7268: 7260: 7256: 7248: 7237: 7229: 7225: 7217: 7210: 7202: 7198: 7190: 7186: 7178: 7171: 7163: 7156: 7148: 7144: 7136: 7132: 7124: 7120: 7116:, pp. 179. 7112: 7108: 7100: 7096: 7088: 7071: 7063: 7059: 7051: 7047: 7039: 7035: 7027: 7023: 7018:Wayback Machine 7008: 7004: 6996: 6992: 6984: 6980: 6972: 6968: 6960: 6956: 6948: 6944: 6936: 6932: 6924: 6920: 6912: 6908: 6900: 6896: 6891:Wayback Machine 6881: 6877: 6869: 6865: 6857: 6853: 6845: 6841: 6833: 6829: 6825:, pp. 393. 6821: 6817: 6809: 6805: 6797: 6793: 6785: 6778: 6770: 6763: 6759: 6758: 6754: 6743: 6742: 6738: 6730: 6726: 6718: 6714: 6704: 6702: 6692: 6688: 6680: 6676: 6668: 6664: 6656: 6652: 6648:, p. 70-84 6644: 6640: 6632: 6628: 6620: 6616: 6608: 6604: 6596: 6585: 6577: 6570: 6562: 6555: 6551:, p. viii. 6547: 6543: 6535: 6531: 6523: 6510: 6502: 6495: 6487: 6480: 6472: 6468: 6464:, p. 32-34 6460: 6453: 6445: 6438: 6430: 6426: 6418: 6414: 6408:Wayback Machine 6399: 6395: 6387: 6383: 6375: 6371: 6363: 6356: 6341: 6340: 6336: 6328: 6324: 6320:, p. 25-28 6316: 6305: 6286: 6285: 6281: 6273: 6269: 6261: 6257: 6249: 6245: 6241:, p. 1186. 6237: 6230: 6222: 6218: 6209: 6208: 6199: 6191: 6187: 6179: 6175: 6167: 6158: 6150: 6135: 6127: 6123: 6115: 6111: 6103: 6096: 6088: 6081: 6074: 6054: 6050: 6042: 6035: 6016: 6015: 6011: 6000: 5984: 5980: 5972: 5968: 5960: 5951: 5932: 5931: 5927: 5919: 5915: 5907: 5903: 5895: 5891: 5883: 5879: 5871: 5860: 5852: 5848: 5840: 5833: 5825: 5814: 5806: 5802: 5794: 5781: 5773: 5769: 5761: 5754: 5746: 5739: 5731: 5727: 5717: 5715: 5707: 5706: 5702: 5694: 5690: 5682: 5678: 5670: 5661: 5651: 5649: 5639: 5635: 5627: 5623: 5615: 5611: 5603: 5596: 5588: 5577: 5566: 5550: 5546: 5535: 5519: 5515: 5507: 5454: 5446: 5442: 5434: 5427: 5423:, p. 1685. 5419: 5415: 5407: 5403: 5398: 5393: 5384: 5380: 5370: 5366: 5360: 5356: 5342: 5338: 5333: 5329: 5324: 5320: 5316: 5259: 5254: 5252: 5245: 5240: 5238: 5235: 5226: 5220: 5217: 5201: 5167: 5165: 5139: 5137: 5111: 5109: 5083: 5081: 5055: 5053: 5026: 5024: 5012:Amherst College 4997: 4995: 4969: 4967: 4940: 4938: 4912: 4910: 4884: 4882: 4870:Trinity College 4855: 4853: 4823: 4821: 4795: 4793: 4764: 4762: 4733: 4731: 4706: 4676:Aachen, Germany 4450:Key to the City 4250:Man of the Year 4227:American Legion 4178: 4176:Civilian honors 4069:(Soviet Union) 3798:Foreign Orders 3719: 3718: 3712: 3705: 3627:campaign clasps 3619: 3618: 3612: 3524: 3523: 3517: 3479:Harry S. Truman 3471: 3377:1 October 1936 3339:21 August 1923 3280:27 August 1918 3260:5 January 1918 3130: 2995: 2987:U.S. ambassador 2948: 2933: 2832: 2818: 2767: 2706: 2681: 2668:Joseph McNarney 2663: 2633: 2620: 2608:Matthew Ridgway 2580: 2574: 2535:to conduct the 2494: 2445: 2401:The Netherlands 2394:Thomas E. Dewey 2390:American Jewish 2311: 2295:Chiang Kai-shek 2260: 2254: 2186:James F. Byrnes 2178: 2159:Man of the Year 2095:Francoist Spain 2079:Operation Husky 2044:Army Air Forces 2034:of the British 2008: 1932: 1919:Operation Torch 1898: 1866:Jacob L. Devers 1819:executive order 1801:Prince of Wales 1787: 1585:Infantry School 1533: 1377: 1266: 1167: 1108:Chiang Kai-shek 1099:Man of the Year 1030:Infantry School 912:Harry S. Truman 893: 880: 879: 878: 877: 876: 865: 857: 854: 837: 775: 773:Croix de Guerre 771: 767: 760:Military awards 755: 690: 682: 674: 669: 665: 599: 595: 591: 585:Civilian awards 566: 554: 553: 541: 537: 534: 524: 508: 504: 501: 482:Political party 463: 459: 458:16 October 1959 446: 440: 438: 437: 436: 410: 398: 390: 378:Harry S. Truman 376: 364: 359: 341: 331: 325:Harry S. Truman 315: 310: 287: 281:James F. Byrnes 275: 267: 255:Harry S. Truman 245: 240: 226:Jacob L. Devers 220: 208: 202: 197: 177: 165: 159:Harry S. Truman 149: 144: 124: 112: 104: 92:Harry S. Truman 82: 77: 60: 48: 41: 28: 23: 22: 18:George Marshall 15: 12: 11: 5: 18685: 18675: 18674: 18669: 18664: 18659: 18654: 18649: 18644: 18639: 18634: 18629: 18624: 18619: 18614: 18609: 18604: 18599: 18594: 18589: 18584: 18579: 18574: 18569: 18564: 18559: 18554: 18549: 18544: 18539: 18534: 18529: 18524: 18519: 18514: 18509: 18504: 18499: 18494: 18489: 18484: 18479: 18474: 18469: 18464: 18459: 18454: 18437: 18436: 18433: 18430: 18429: 18427: 18426: 18417: 18405: 18389: 18386:Klaus Iohannis 18381: 18373: 18365: 18357: 18349: 18341: 18333: 18325: 18317: 18309: 18301: 18293: 18285: 18277: 18269: 18261: 18249: 18241: 18233: 18224: 18222: 18218: 18217: 18215: 18214: 18206: 18198: 18190: 18182: 18174: 18166: 18158: 18150: 18147:Jacques Delors 18142: 18134: 18126: 18118: 18106: 18098: 18090: 18085: 18080: 18075: 18067: 18059: 18054: 18051:Emilio Colombo 18046: 18038: 18030: 18021: 18019: 18015: 18014: 18012: 18011: 18006: 18001: 17993: 17985: 17980: 17972: 17964: 17959: 17951: 17948:Jens Otto Krag 17943: 17938: 17930: 17922: 17917: 17909: 17901: 17893: 17890:Robert Schuman 17885: 17877: 17869: 17864: 17856: 17848: 17840: 17832: 17823: 17821: 17817: 17816: 17808: 17807: 17800: 17793: 17785: 17776: 17775: 17773: 17772: 17766: 17760: 17753: 17751: 17745: 17744: 17742: 17741: 17735: 17729: 17722: 17720: 17714: 17713: 17711: 17710: 17704: 17698: 17691: 17689: 17683: 17682: 17680: 17679: 17673: 17667: 17660: 17658: 17652: 17651: 17649: 17648: 17641: 17639: 17633: 17632: 17630: 17629: 17623: 17617: 17610: 17608: 17602: 17601: 17599: 17598: 17592: 17586: 17580: 17577:Francis Biddle 17573: 17571: 17565: 17564: 17562: 17561: 17555: 17549: 17543: 17536: 17534: 17528: 17527: 17525: 17524: 17518: 17512: 17505: 17503: 17497: 17496: 17494: 17493: 17487: 17484:Fred M. Vinson 17481: 17474: 17472: 17466: 17465: 17463: 17462: 17456: 17450: 17444: 17437: 17435: 17429: 17428: 17421: 17419: 17417: 17416: 17410: 17403: 17401: 17399:Vice President 17395: 17394: 17379: 17378: 17371: 17364: 17356: 17347: 17346: 17344: 17343: 17335: 17323: 17315: 17303: 17299:Greta Thunberg 17295: 17266: 17258: 17250: 17242: 17229:Ebola Fighters 17224: 17216: 17208: 17200: 17192: 17184: 17176: 17172:Vladimir Putin 17168: 17160: 17141: 17137:George W. Bush 17133: 17125: 17112:Cynthia Cooper 17106: 17097: 17095: 17091: 17090: 17088: 17087: 17083:George W. Bush 17079: 17071: 17059: 17051: 17043: 17035: 17027: 17018:Nelson Mandela 17014:F. W. de Klerk 17004: 16996: 16988: 16980: 16972: 16964: 16956: 16952:Corazon Aquino 16948: 16940: 16932: 16920: 16912: 16904: 16896: 16888: 16880: 16872: 16863: 16861: 16857: 16856: 16854: 16853: 16832:Barbara Jordan 16798: 16790: 16782: 16770: 16762: 16754: 16746: 16733:William Anders 16724: 16716: 16708: 16700: 16692: 16684: 16676: 16668: 16655:Charles Townes 16635:Edward Purcell 16611:Charles Draper 16601: 16593: 16585: 16577: 16569: 16565:Harlow Curtice 16561: 16553: 16545: 16537: 16528: 16526: 16522: 16521: 16519: 16518: 16510: 16502: 16494: 16486: 16478: 16470: 16462: 16454: 16446: 16438: 16430: 16422: 16414: 16410:Soong Mei-ling 16402: 16398:Wallis Simpson 16394: 16390:Haile Selassie 16386: 16378: 16370: 16362: 16354: 16346: 16338: 16330: 16321: 16319: 16315: 16314: 16304: 16303: 16296: 16289: 16281: 16272: 16271: 16269: 16268: 16263: 16258: 16253: 16248: 16243: 16238: 16233: 16228: 16223: 16218: 16213: 16205: 16202: 16201: 16199: 16198: 16192: 16185: 16183: 16177: 16176: 16174: 16173: 16166: 16164: 16158: 16157: 16155: 16154: 16147: 16145: 16139: 16138: 16136: 16135: 16128: 16126: 16115: 16114: 16112: 16111: 16104: 16102: 16096: 16095: 16086: 16085: 16078: 16071: 16063: 16054: 16053: 16051: 16050: 16039: 16028: 16009: 16006:Dmitry Muratov 15994: 15983: 15972: 15957: 15946: 15935: 15924: 15909: 15898: 15895:European Union 15887: 15868: 15857: 15846: 15835: 15820: 15817:Muhammad Yunus 15805: 15790: 15779: 15768: 15757: 15750:United Nations 15741: 15739: 15735: 15734: 15732: 15731: 15723: 15715: 15703: 15691: 15679: 15676:Joseph Rotblat 15667: 15651: 15648:F. W. de Klerk 15644:Nelson Mandela 15639: 15631: 15623: 15615: 15607: 15599: 15591: 15583: 15575: 15567: 15559: 15547: 15539: 15531: 15523: 15520:Menachem Begin 15511: 15503: 15496:Betty Williams 15490: 15488: 15484: 15483: 15481: 15480: 15472: 15460: 15445: 15438: 15427: 15424:Norman Borlaug 15416: 15405: 15394: 15385: 15376: 15365: 15354: 15342: 15334: 15326: 15323:Albert Luthuli 15318: 15310: 15302: 15294: 15287: 15280: 15272: 15264: 15256: 15247: 15245: 15241: 15240: 15238: 15237: 15229: 15221: 15214: 15202: 15190: 15182: 15174: 15167: 15160: 15153: 15146: 15139: 15131: 15123: 15115: 15107: 15099: 15091: 15084: 15072: 15064: 15056: 15049: 15037: 15024: 15022: 15018: 15017: 15015: 15014: 15002: 14995: 14988: 14980: 14968: 14965:Léon Bourgeois 14960: 14957:Woodrow Wilson 14952: 14945: 14937: 14930: 14923: 14916: 14908: 14900: 14888: 14880: 14868: 14861:Klas Arnoldson 14856: 14849:Ernesto Moneta 14844: 14836: 14828: 14820: 14812: 14800: 14797:Frédéric Passy 14784: 14782: 14778: 14777: 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13413: 13405: 13404: 13401: 13398: 13389: 13380: 13376: 13375: 13370: 13367: 13358: 13349: 13345: 13344: 13339: 13336: 13327: 13322: 13318: 13317: 13312: 13309: 13300: 13295: 13291: 13290: 13285: 13282: 13273: 13268: 13264: 13263: 13258: 13255: 13246: 13241: 13237: 13236: 13231: 13228: 13227:July 29, 1940 13219: 13214: 13210: 13209: 13205: 13204: 13199: 13196: 13188:Served under: 13180: 13175: 13171: 13170: 13165: 13162: 13154:Served under: 13146: 13141: 13137: 13136: 13132: 13131: 13126: 13123: 13114: 13109: 13105: 13104: 13101: 13098: 13089: 13084: 13080: 13079: 13073: 13072: 13067: 13062: 13049: 13040: 13027: 13022: 13017: 13003: 12986: 12977: 12967: 12962: 12957: 12952: 12947: 12935: 12930: 12925: 12912: 12911:External links 12909: 12908: 12907: 12905:online edition 12897: 12890: 12889: 12888: 12885: 12882: 12879: 12876: 12873: 12870: 12865:online edition 12856: 12853: 12852: 12851: 12844: 12833: 12831:978-0060577193 12819: 12817:978-0615929033 12805: 12795: 12788: 12781: 12772: 12765: 12748: 12747: 12746: 12739: 12732: 12725: 12712: 12705: 12698: 12692: 12685: 12678: 12667: 12653: 12635: 12625: 12618: 12611: 12604: 12602:online edition 12594: 12584: 12577: 12570: 12553: 12542: 12532: 12525: 12524: 12519: 12513: 12509: 12506: 12505: 12500: 12494: 12493: 12482: 12481: 12479: 12476: 12474: 12473: 12446: 12398: 12371: 12345: 12317: 12300: 12284:www.senate.gov 12276: 12252: 12226: 12202: 12178: 12152: 12126: 12101: 12076: 12052: 12026: 12009: 11988: 11963: 11943: 11919: 11895: 11875: 11850: 11829: 11797: 11770: 11745: 11719: 11707: 11691:NobelPrize.org 11683: 11679:Newspapers.com 11653: 11649:Newspapers.com 11619: 11592: 11572:Truman Library 11563: 11535: 11511: 11487: 11476: 11452: 11428: 11403: 11379: 11355: 11330: 11306: 11282: 11266:www.podles.org 11258: 11244:. 3 May 1979. 11232: 11212: 11188: 11164: 11140: 11115: 11099:Nobelprize.org 11090: 11066: 11042: 11018: 10994: 10974: 10950: 10930: 10906: 10882: 10858: 10834: 10811: 10787: 10771:www.legion.org 10763: 10759:Newspapers.com 10741: 10717: 10693: 10669: 10643: 10619: 10609:on 4 June 2021 10595: 10571: 10561:on 6 June 2011 10551: 10527: 10503: 10479: 10454: 10429: 10405: 10381: 10347: 10316: 10290: 10265: 10241: 10215: 10191: 10163: 10160: 10159: 10158: 10141: 10116: 10107: 10082: 10066:The New Yorker 10057: 10028: 10000: 9971: 9942: 9939: 9938: 9937: 9915: 9893: 9865: 9843: 9828: 9806: 9791: 9763: 9750:978-0060577193 9749: 9736: 9727:978-0814415962 9726: 9713: 9687: 9672: 9658: 9645: 9631: 9618: 9600: 9585: 9567: 9552: 9539: 9524: 9514: 9497: 9479: 9464: 9447:978-0313325946 9446: 9431: 9409: 9394: 9385: 9372: 9350: 9335: 9329: 9323:. Allen Lane. 9316: 9298: 9283: 9266:978-0739124772 9265: 9250: 9228: 9213: 9190: 9184: 9166: 9155: 9137: 9122: 9078: 9059: 9054:978-0415890199 9053: 9040: 9034: 9021: 8998: 8980: 8965: 8947: 8932: 8926: 8913: 8907: 8894: 8868: 8853: 8835: 8820: 8814: 8801: 8783: 8768: 8759: 8753: 8740: 8718: 8703: 8698:978-1472831699 8697: 8680: 8674: 8657: 8651: 8638: 8629: 8623: 8606: 8592: 8574: 8559: 8537: 8522: 8516: 8499: 8496: 8495: 8493: 8490: 8487: 8486: 8474: 8462: 8450: 8438: 8426: 8414: 8402: 8390: 8378: 8366: 8354: 8342: 8330: 8318: 8306: 8294: 8269: 8257: 8241: 8237:Gold Medalists 8229: 8217: 8208: 8196: 8184: 8172: 8146: 8131: 8113: 8101: 8089: 8085:"Hardest Work" 8074: 8062: 7959: 7950: 7948:, p. 709. 7938: 7915: 7903: 7891: 7879: 7867: 7855: 7843: 7831: 7819: 7807: 7795: 7780: 7768: 7756: 7741: 7739:, p. 253. 7737:Farinacci 2010 7729: 7717: 7702: 7679: 7664: 7662:, p. 191. 7652: 7648:Editorial Note 7640: 7628: 7613: 7607:978-0739124772 7606: 7588: 7582:978-1782895251 7581: 7563: 7551: 7539: 7514: 7499: 7484: 7472: 7468:csonnier 2015b 7460: 7448: 7433: 7418: 7406: 7394: 7392:, p. 117. 7382: 7370: 7366:csonnier 2015a 7355: 7343: 7341:, p. 568. 7331: 7329:, p. 214. 7316: 7297: 7285: 7266: 7254: 7235: 7223: 7208: 7196: 7184: 7169: 7154: 7150:Willbanks 2013 7142: 7140:, p. 214. 7130: 7118: 7106: 7104:, p. 429. 7094: 7069: 7057: 7055:, p. 104. 7045: 7033: 7021: 7002: 7000:, p. 455. 6990: 6988:, p. 173. 6978: 6966: 6954: 6942: 6930: 6918: 6906: 6894: 6875: 6863: 6861:, p. 717. 6851: 6839: 6827: 6815: 6803: 6791: 6776: 6752: 6736: 6724: 6712: 6686: 6674: 6672:, p. 258. 6662: 6650: 6646:Roberts (2009) 6638: 6626: 6614: 6612:, p. 277. 6602: 6583: 6568: 6553: 6541: 6529: 6508: 6493: 6478: 6466: 6462:Roberts (2009) 6451: 6436: 6424: 6412: 6393: 6381: 6369: 6354: 6334: 6322: 6318:Roberts (2009) 6303: 6298:Newspapers.com 6279: 6267: 6255: 6253:, p. 120. 6243: 6228: 6216: 6197: 6195:, p. xiv. 6185: 6173: 6156: 6133: 6129:Davenport 2015 6121: 6109: 6105:Willbanks 2013 6094: 6092:, p. 116. 6079: 6072: 6048: 6033: 6028:Newspapers.com 6009: 5998: 5978: 5966: 5964:, p. 115. 5949: 5944:Newspapers.com 5925: 5913: 5911:, p. 114. 5901: 5889: 5877: 5873:Willbanks 2013 5858: 5856:, p. 307. 5846: 5844:, p. 123. 5831: 5812: 5800: 5779: 5767: 5752: 5737: 5725: 5700: 5698:, p. 106. 5688: 5676: 5659: 5633: 5621: 5619:, p. 120. 5609: 5594: 5575: 5564: 5544: 5533: 5513: 5452: 5440: 5425: 5413: 5400: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5392: 5391: 5378: 5364: 5354: 5336: 5327: 5317: 5315: 5312: 5311: 5310: 5305: 5300: 5295: 5290: 5281: 5276: 5271: 5265: 5264: 5250: 5234: 5231: 5228: 5227: 5207: 5205: 5193: 5192: 5190: 5184: 5179: 5174: 5173:United Kingdom 5162: 5161: 5159: 5156: 5151: 5146: 5145:United Kingdom 5134: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5123: 5118: 5106: 5105: 5103: 5100: 5095: 5090: 5078: 5077: 5075: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5050: 5049: 5046: 5043: 5038: 5033: 5021: 5020: 5017: 5014: 5009: 5004: 4992: 4991: 4989: 4986: 4981: 4976: 4964: 4963: 4960: 4957: 4952: 4947: 4935: 4934: 4932: 4929: 4924: 4919: 4907: 4906: 4904: 4901: 4896: 4891: 4879: 4878: 4875: 4872: 4867: 4862: 4850: 4849: 4846: 4843:Doctor of Laws 4840: 4835: 4830: 4818: 4817: 4815: 4812: 4807: 4802: 4790: 4789: 4787: 4781: 4776: 4771: 4759: 4758: 4756: 4750: 4745: 4740: 4728: 4727: 4724: 4721: 4718: 4715: 4705: 4702: 4699: 4698: 4695: 4690: 4684: 4683: 4678: 4673: 4667: 4666: 4663: 4658: 4652: 4651: 4648: 4643: 4637: 4636: 4633: 4628: 4622: 4621: 4618: 4613: 4607: 4606: 4601: 4596: 4590: 4589: 4586: 4580: 4574: 4573: 4570: 4565: 4559: 4558: 4555: 4549: 4543: 4542: 4539: 4534: 4528: 4527: 4524: 4519: 4513: 4512: 4509: 4504: 4498: 4497: 4494: 4489: 4483: 4482: 4479: 4474: 4468: 4467: 4464: 4459: 4453: 4452: 4447: 4442: 4436: 4435: 4432: 4427: 4421: 4420: 4417: 4412: 4406: 4405: 4402: 4397: 4391: 4390: 4387: 4382: 4376: 4375: 4372: 4366: 4360: 4359: 4358:Freedom Award 4356: 4351: 4345: 4344: 4341: 4336: 4330: 4329: 4324: 4319: 4313: 4312: 4309: 4304: 4298: 4297: 4294: 4289: 4283: 4282: 4279: 4274: 4268: 4267: 4264: 4259: 4253: 4252: 4247: 4239: 4233: 4232: 4229: 4224: 4218: 4217: 4214: 4209: 4203: 4202: 4199: 4196: 4177: 4174: 4171: 4170: 4164: 4154: 4153: 4147: 4139: 4138: 4131: 4123: 4122: 4115: 4107: 4106: 4099: 4091: 4090: 4084: 4076: 4075: 4071: 4070: 4063: 4055: 4054: 4043: 4035: 4034: 4033:(Netherlands) 4027: 4019: 4018: 4007: 3999: 3998: 3991: 3983: 3982: 3975: 3967: 3966: 3955: 3947: 3946: 3935: 3927: 3926: 3915: 3907: 3906: 3895: 3887: 3886: 3879:Order of Merit 3875: 3867: 3866: 3855: 3847: 3846: 3840: 3832: 3831: 3824: 3816: 3815: 3808: 3800: 3799: 3795: 3794: 3788: 3774: 3773: 3766: 3755: 3754: 3749: 3741: 3740: 3735: 3727: 3726: 3720: 3706: 3699: 3698: 3697: 3694: 3693: 3688: 3677: 3676: 3670: 3662: 3661: 3652: 3644: 3643: 3638: 3630: 3629: 3620: 3606: 3605: 3604: 3601: 3600: 3597: 3586: 3585: 3580: 3572: 3571: 3567: 3566: 3564:Rifleman Badge 3560: 3549: 3548: 3543: 3535: 3534: 3525: 3511: 3510: 3509: 3506: 3505: 3470: 3467: 3461: 3460: 3459:11 April 1946 3457: 3454: 3451: 3441: 3440: 3437: 3434: 3429: 3421: 3420: 3417: 3412: 3407: 3399: 3398: 3395: 3392: 3387: 3379: 3378: 3375: 3372: 3367: 3359: 3358: 3355: 3352: 3349: 3341: 3340: 3337: 3334: 3331: 3323: 3322: 3319: 3316: 3313: 3305: 3304: 3298: 3293: 3290: 3282: 3281: 3278: 3277:National Army 3275: 3270: 3262: 3261: 3258: 3257:National Army 3255: 3250: 3242: 3241: 3240:5 August 1917 3238: 3233: 3228: 3220: 3219: 3216: 3213: 3208: 3200: 3199: 3196: 3193: 3188: 3180: 3179: 3173: 3168: 3163: 3157: 3156: 3153: 3150: 3147: 3129: 3126: 3125: 3124: 3115: 3106: 3094: 3085:Harve Presnell 3082: 3070: 3058: 3046: 3034: 3022: 3010: 2994: 2991: 2932: 2929: 2910:European Union 2859:Johnson Hagood 2817: 2814: 2766: 2763: 2705: 2702: 2680: 2677: 2662: 2659: 2632: 2629: 2619: 2616: 2576:Main article: 2573: 2570: 2557:Clement Attlee 2545:United Nations 2529:Inchon landing 2493: 2490: 2444: 2441: 2403:to stop their 2350:Clark Clifford 2310: 2307: 2270:in China, 1946 2256:Main article: 2253: 2250: 2233:Clausen Report 2177: 2174: 2146:field marshals 2142:five-star rank 2108:Marshall with 2016:Army Air Force 2007: 2004: 1987:Walter Krueger 1931: 1928: 1897: 1894: 1850:Western Europe 1833:still favored 1827:National Guard 1821:expanding the 1786: 1783: 1569:War Department 1532: 1529: 1383:Major General 1376: 1373: 1265: 1262: 1166: 1163: 1081:five-star rank 922:under Truman. 886: 885: 882: 881: 866: 855: 850: 849: 848: 847: 846: 843: 842: 839: 838: 828: 825: 824: 820: 819: 813: 809: 808: 807:Career history 804: 803: 798: 794: 793: 789: 788: 782: 781: 761: 757: 756: 754: 753: 748: 747: 746: 736: 731: 730: 729: 724: 714: 713: 712: 701: 699: 695: 694: 660: 656: 655: 645: 641: 640: 637: 633: 632: 627: 626:Branch/service 623: 622: 618: 617: 610: 606: 605: 586: 582: 581: 576: 572: 571: 560: 556: 555: 539: 535: 530: 529: 528: 527: 506: 502: 499: 498: 497: 496: 493: 491: 487: 486: 483: 479: 478: 473: 469: 468: 462:(aged 78) 456: 452: 451: 434: 432: 428: 427: 423: 422: 419: 418: 413: 407: 406: 401: 395: 394: 392:William Bryden 385: 381: 380: 371: 367: 366: 356: 355: 348: 347: 344: 338: 337: 334: 328: 327: 322: 318: 317: 307: 306: 296: 295: 290: 284: 283: 278: 272: 271: 262: 258: 257: 252: 248: 247: 237: 236: 229: 228: 223: 217: 216: 211: 205: 204: 194: 193: 186: 185: 180: 174: 173: 171:Basil O'Connor 168: 162: 161: 156: 152: 151: 141: 140: 133: 132: 127: 121: 120: 115: 109: 108: 99: 95: 94: 89: 85: 84: 74: 73: 66: 65: 62: 61: 58: 50: 49: 46: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 18684: 18673: 18670: 18668: 18665: 18663: 18660: 18658: 18655: 18653: 18650: 18648: 18645: 18643: 18640: 18638: 18635: 18633: 18630: 18628: 18625: 18623: 18620: 18618: 18615: 18613: 18610: 18608: 18605: 18603: 18600: 18598: 18595: 18593: 18590: 18588: 18585: 18583: 18580: 18578: 18575: 18573: 18570: 18568: 18565: 18563: 18560: 18558: 18555: 18553: 18550: 18548: 18545: 18543: 18540: 18538: 18535: 18533: 18530: 18528: 18525: 18523: 18520: 18518: 18515: 18513: 18510: 18508: 18505: 18503: 18500: 18498: 18495: 18493: 18490: 18488: 18485: 18483: 18480: 18478: 18475: 18473: 18470: 18468: 18465: 18463: 18460: 18458: 18455: 18453: 18450: 18449: 18447: 18431: 18423: 18418: 18415: 18411: 18406: 18403: 18399: 18395: 18390: 18387: 18382: 18379: 18374: 18371: 18366: 18363: 18358: 18355: 18350: 18347: 18346:Martin Schulz 18342: 18339: 18334: 18331: 18326: 18323: 18318: 18315: 18310: 18307: 18302: 18299: 18294: 18291: 18290:Angela Merkel 18286: 18283: 18282:Javier Solana 18278: 18275: 18270: 18267: 18262: 18259: 18255: 18250: 18247: 18242: 18239: 18234: 18231: 18230:György Konrád 18226: 18225: 18223: 18219: 18212: 18207: 18204: 18199: 18196: 18191: 18188: 18183: 18180: 18179:Queen Beatrix 18175: 18172: 18167: 18164: 18159: 18156: 18151: 18148: 18143: 18140: 18135: 18132: 18127: 18124: 18123:Brother Roger 18119: 18116: 18112: 18107: 18104: 18099: 18096: 18091: 18086: 18081: 18076: 18073: 18068: 18065: 18060: 18055: 18052: 18047: 18044: 18039: 18036: 18035:Walter Scheel 18031: 18028: 18027:Leo Tindemans 18023: 18022: 18020: 18016: 18007: 18002: 17999: 17994: 17991: 17986: 17981: 17978: 17973: 17970: 17965: 17960: 17957: 17952: 17949: 17944: 17939: 17936: 17935:Antonio Segni 17931: 17928: 17923: 17918: 17915: 17910: 17907: 17902: 17899: 17894: 17891: 17886: 17883: 17878: 17875: 17870: 17865: 17862: 17857: 17854: 17849: 17846: 17841: 17838: 17833: 17830: 17825: 17824: 17822: 17818: 17814: 17806: 17801: 17799: 17794: 17792: 17787: 17786: 17783: 17770: 17767: 17764: 17761: 17758: 17755: 17754: 17752: 17750: 17746: 17739: 17736: 17733: 17730: 17727: 17724: 17723: 17721: 17719: 17715: 17708: 17705: 17702: 17699: 17696: 17693: 17692: 17690: 17688: 17684: 17677: 17674: 17671: 17668: 17665: 17662: 17661: 17659: 17657: 17653: 17646: 17643: 17642: 17640: 17638: 17634: 17627: 17624: 17621: 17618: 17615: 17612: 17611: 17609: 17607: 17603: 17596: 17593: 17590: 17587: 17584: 17581: 17578: 17575: 17574: 17572: 17570: 17566: 17559: 17556: 17553: 17550: 17547: 17544: 17541: 17538: 17537: 17535: 17533: 17529: 17522: 17519: 17516: 17513: 17510: 17507: 17506: 17504: 17502: 17498: 17491: 17488: 17485: 17482: 17479: 17476: 17475: 17473: 17471: 17467: 17460: 17457: 17454: 17451: 17448: 17445: 17442: 17439: 17438: 17436: 17434: 17430: 17414: 17411: 17408: 17405: 17404: 17402: 17400: 17396: 17391: 17388: 17384: 17377: 17372: 17370: 17365: 17363: 17358: 17357: 17354: 17340: 17336: 17332: 17328: 17324: 17320: 17316: 17312: 17311:Kamala Harris 17308: 17304: 17300: 17296: 17291: 17290: 17285: 17281: 17277: 17273: 17267: 17263: 17259: 17255: 17251: 17247: 17246:Angela Merkel 17243: 17238: 17237:Salome Karwah 17234: 17230: 17225: 17221: 17217: 17213: 17209: 17205: 17204:The Protester 17201: 17197: 17193: 17189: 17185: 17181: 17177: 17173: 17169: 17165: 17161: 17156: 17155:Melinda Gates 17152: 17148: 17142: 17138: 17134: 17130: 17126: 17121: 17117: 17116:Coleen Rowley 17113: 17107: 17103: 17099: 17098: 17096: 17092: 17084: 17080: 17076: 17072: 17068: 17064: 17060: 17056: 17052: 17048: 17044: 17040: 17039:Newt Gingrich 17036: 17032: 17028: 17023: 17022:Yitzhak Rabin 17019: 17015: 17011: 17010:Yasser Arafat 17005: 17001: 16997: 16993: 16989: 16985: 16981: 16977: 16973: 16969: 16965: 16961: 16957: 16953: 16949: 16945: 16944:Deng Xiaoping 16941: 16937: 16933: 16929: 16928:Yuri Andropov 16925: 16924:Ronald Reagan 16921: 16917: 16913: 16909: 16905: 16901: 16900:Ronald Reagan 16897: 16893: 16889: 16885: 16884:Deng Xiaoping 16881: 16877: 16873: 16869: 16865: 16864: 16862: 16858: 16849: 16845: 16841: 16837: 16833: 16829: 16825: 16821: 16817: 16813: 16809: 16805: 16799: 16795: 16791: 16787: 16783: 16779: 16778:Richard Nixon 16775: 16771: 16767: 16766:Richard Nixon 16763: 16759: 16755: 16751: 16747: 16742: 16738: 16734: 16730: 16725: 16721: 16717: 16713: 16709: 16705: 16701: 16697: 16693: 16689: 16685: 16681: 16677: 16673: 16669: 16664: 16660: 16656: 16652: 16651:Edward Teller 16648: 16644: 16640: 16636: 16632: 16631:Linus Pauling 16628: 16627:Willard Libby 16624: 16620: 16616: 16612: 16608: 16607:George Beadle 16602: 16598: 16594: 16590: 16586: 16582: 16578: 16574: 16570: 16566: 16562: 16558: 16554: 16550: 16546: 16542: 16541:Elizabeth II 16538: 16534: 16530: 16529: 16527: 16523: 16515: 16511: 16507: 16503: 16499: 16495: 16491: 16487: 16483: 16479: 16475: 16471: 16467: 16463: 16459: 16455: 16451: 16450:Joseph Stalin 16447: 16443: 16439: 16435: 16431: 16427: 16426:Joseph Stalin 16423: 16419: 16415: 16411: 16407: 16403: 16399: 16395: 16391: 16387: 16383: 16379: 16375: 16371: 16367: 16363: 16359: 16355: 16351: 16347: 16343: 16342:Owen D. Young 16339: 16335: 16331: 16327: 16323: 16322: 16320: 16316: 16312: 16310: 16302: 16297: 16295: 16290: 16288: 16283: 16282: 16279: 16267: 16264: 16262: 16259: 16257: 16254: 16252: 16249: 16247: 16244: 16242: 16239: 16237: 16234: 16232: 16229: 16227: 16224: 16222: 16219: 16217: 16214: 16211: 16207: 16206: 16203: 16196: 16193: 16190: 16187: 16186: 16184: 16182: 16178: 16172:(Netherlands) 16171: 16170:Frits Zernike 16168: 16167: 16165: 16163: 16159: 16152: 16149: 16148: 16146: 16144: 16140: 16133: 16130: 16129: 16127: 16124: 16120: 16116: 16109: 16106: 16105: 16103: 16101: 16097: 16092: 16084: 16079: 16077: 16072: 16070: 16065: 16064: 16061: 16048: 16044: 16040: 16037: 16033: 16029: 16026: 16022: 16018: 16014: 16010: 16007: 16003: 15999: 15995: 15992: 15988: 15984: 15981: 15977: 15973: 15970: 15966: 15965:Denis Mukwege 15962: 15958: 15955: 15951: 15947: 15944: 15940: 15936: 15933: 15929: 15925: 15922: 15918: 15914: 15910: 15907: 15903: 15899: 15896: 15892: 15888: 15885: 15881: 15880:Leymah Gbowee 15877: 15873: 15869: 15866: 15862: 15858: 15855: 15851: 15847: 15844: 15840: 15836: 15833: 15829: 15825: 15821: 15818: 15814: 15810: 15806: 15803: 15799: 15795: 15791: 15788: 15784: 15780: 15777: 15773: 15769: 15766: 15762: 15758: 15755: 15751: 15747: 15743: 15742: 15740: 15736: 15729: 15724: 15721: 15716: 15713: 15712:David Trimble 15709: 15704: 15701: 15700:Jody Williams 15697: 15692: 15689: 15685: 15680: 15677: 15673: 15668: 15665: 15664:Yasser Arafat 15661: 15660:Yitzhak Rabin 15657: 15652: 15649: 15645: 15640: 15637: 15632: 15629: 15624: 15621: 15616: 15613: 15608: 15605: 15600: 15597: 15592: 15589: 15584: 15581: 15576: 15573: 15568: 15565: 15560: 15557: 15553: 15548: 15545: 15540: 15537: 15532: 15529: 15528:Mother Teresa 15524: 15521: 15517: 15512: 15509: 15504: 15501: 15497: 15492: 15491: 15489: 15485: 15478: 15473: 15470: 15466: 15465:Seán MacBride 15461: 15458: 15454: 15452: 15446: 15439: 15436: 15432: 15428: 15425: 15421: 15417: 15414: 15410: 15406: 15403: 15399: 15395: 15391: 15386: 15382: 15377: 15374: 15370: 15366: 15363: 15359: 15355: 15352: 15348: 15343: 15340: 15339:Linus Pauling 15335: 15332: 15327: 15324: 15319: 15316: 15311: 15308: 15303: 15300: 15295: 15288: 15281: 15278: 15273: 15270: 15265: 15262: 15257: 15254: 15249: 15248: 15246: 15242: 15235: 15230: 15227: 15226:John Boyd Orr 15222: 15215: 15212: 15208: 15203: 15200: 15196: 15191: 15188: 15183: 15180: 15175: 15168: 15161: 15154: 15147: 15140: 15137: 15132: 15129: 15124: 15121: 15116: 15113: 15108: 15105: 15100: 15097: 15096:Norman Angell 15092: 15085: 15082: 15078: 15073: 15070: 15065: 15062: 15057: 15050: 15047: 15046:Ludwig Quidde 15043: 15038: 15035: 15031: 15026: 15025: 15023: 15019: 15012: 15011:Charles Dawes 15008: 15003: 14996: 14989: 14986: 14981: 14978: 14974: 14969: 14966: 14961: 14958: 14953: 14946: 14943: 14938: 14931: 14924: 14917: 14914: 14909: 14906: 14901: 14898: 14894: 14889: 14886: 14881: 14878: 14874: 14869: 14866: 14865:Fredrik Bajer 14862: 14857: 14854: 14853:Louis Renault 14850: 14845: 14842: 14837: 14834: 14829: 14826: 14821: 14818: 14817:Randal Cremer 14813: 14810: 14809:Charles Gobat 14806: 14805:Élie Ducommun 14801: 14798: 14794: 14790: 14786: 14785: 14783: 14779: 14775: 14771: 14764: 14759: 14757: 14752: 14750: 14745: 14744: 14741: 14730: 14720: 14717: 14715: 14712: 14710: 14707: 14705: 14702: 14700: 14697: 14695: 14692: 14690: 14687: 14685: 14682: 14680: 14677: 14675: 14672: 14670: 14667: 14665: 14662: 14660: 14657: 14655: 14652: 14650: 14647: 14645: 14642: 14640: 14637: 14635: 14632: 14630: 14627: 14625: 14622: 14620: 14617: 14615: 14612: 14610: 14607: 14605: 14602: 14600: 14597: 14595: 14592: 14590: 14587: 14585: 14582: 14581: 14575: 14569: 14565: 14558: 14553: 14551: 14546: 14544: 14539: 14538: 14535: 14525: 14520: 14512: 14509: 14508: 14507: 14504: 14500: 14497: 14496: 14495: 14492: 14488: 14485: 14484: 14483: 14480: 14476: 14473: 14472: 14471: 14468: 14464: 14461: 14459: 14456: 14455: 14454: 14451: 14447: 14444: 14442: 14439: 14438: 14437: 14434: 14430: 14427: 14426: 14425: 14422: 14418: 14415: 14414: 14413: 14410: 14406: 14403: 14402: 14401: 14398: 14396: 14393: 14391: 14388: 14386: 14383: 14381: 14378: 14376: 14373: 14371: 14368: 14366: 14363: 14361: 14358: 14356: 14353: 14351: 14348: 14346: 14343: 14341: 14338: 14336: 14333: 14331: 14328: 14326: 14323: 14321: 14318: 14316: 14313: 14311: 14308: 14306: 14303: 14301: 14298: 14296: 14293: 14291: 14288: 14286: 14283: 14281: 14278: 14276: 14273: 14271: 14268: 14266: 14263: 14261: 14258: 14256: 14253: 14251: 14248: 14246: 14243: 14241: 14238: 14236: 14233: 14231: 14230:Frelinghuysen 14228: 14226: 14223: 14221: 14218: 14216: 14213: 14211: 14208: 14206: 14203: 14201: 14198: 14196: 14193: 14191: 14188: 14186: 14183: 14181: 14178: 14176: 14173: 14171: 14168: 14166: 14163: 14161: 14158: 14156: 14153: 14151: 14148: 14146: 14143: 14141: 14140:E. Livingston 14138: 14136: 14133: 14131: 14128: 14126: 14123: 14121: 14118: 14116: 14113: 14111: 14108: 14106: 14103: 14101: 14098: 14096: 14093: 14091: 14088: 14087: 14085: 14081: 14077: 14062: 14059: 14057: 14056:R. Livingston 14054: 14053: 14051: 14047: 14043: 14039: 14032: 14027: 14025: 14020: 14018: 14013: 14012: 14009: 13997: 13994: 13992: 13989: 13987: 13984: 13982: 13979: 13977: 13974: 13972: 13969: 13967: 13964: 13962: 13959: 13957: 13954: 13952: 13949: 13947: 13944: 13942: 13939: 13937: 13934: 13932: 13929: 13927: 13924: 13922: 13919: 13917: 13914: 13912: 13909: 13907: 13904: 13902: 13899: 13897: 13894: 13892: 13889: 13887: 13884: 13882: 13879: 13877: 13874: 13872: 13869: 13867: 13864: 13862: 13859: 13857: 13854: 13852: 13849: 13847: 13844: 13842: 13839: 13837: 13834: 13832: 13829: 13827: 13824: 13822: 13819: 13817: 13814: 13812: 13809: 13807: 13804: 13803: 13801: 13799: 13795: 13789: 13786: 13784: 13781: 13779: 13776: 13774: 13771: 13769: 13766: 13764: 13761: 13759: 13756: 13754: 13751: 13749: 13746: 13744: 13741: 13739: 13736: 13734: 13731: 13729: 13726: 13724: 13721: 13719: 13716: 13714: 13711: 13709: 13706: 13704: 13701: 13699: 13696: 13694: 13691: 13689: 13686: 13684: 13681: 13679: 13676: 13674: 13671: 13669: 13666: 13664: 13661: 13659: 13656: 13654: 13651: 13649: 13646: 13644: 13641: 13639: 13636: 13634: 13631: 13629: 13626: 13624: 13621: 13619: 13616: 13614: 13611: 13609: 13606: 13604: 13601: 13599: 13596: 13594: 13591: 13589: 13586: 13584: 13581: 13580: 13578: 13576: 13572: 13567: 13560: 13550: 13547: 13545: 13542: 13540: 13537: 13535: 13532: 13530: 13527: 13525: 13522: 13520: 13517: 13515: 13512: 13510: 13507: 13505: 13502: 13500: 13497: 13495: 13492: 13490: 13487: 13485: 13482: 13480: 13477: 13475: 13472: 13470: 13467: 13465: 13462: 13460: 13457: 13456: 13454: 13452: 13446: 13442: 13434: 13429: 13427: 13422: 13420: 13415: 13414: 13411: 13395: 13394: 13387: 13383: 13377: 13373: 13364: 13363: 13356: 13352: 13346: 13342: 13333: 13332: 13325: 13319: 13315: 13306: 13305: 13298: 13292: 13288: 13279: 13278: 13271: 13265: 13261: 13252: 13251: 13244: 13238: 13234: 13225: 13224: 13217: 13216:Prince Konoye 13211: 13206: 13202: 13193: 13191: 13185: 13178: 13172: 13168: 13159: 13157: 13151: 13144: 13138: 13133: 13129: 13120: 13119: 13112: 13106: 13095: 13094: 13087: 13081: 13076: 13071: 13068: 13066: 13063: 13061: 13057: 13053: 13050: 13048: 13044: 13041: 13038: 13034: 13033: 13028: 13026: 13023: 13021: 13018: 13016: 13012: 13008: 13004: 13001: 12997: 12993: 12990: 12987: 12985: 12981: 12978: 12975: 12971: 12968: 12966: 12963: 12961: 12958: 12956: 12953: 12951: 12948: 12946: 12942: 12939: 12936: 12934: 12931: 12929: 12926: 12923: 12918: 12915: 12914: 12906: 12902: 12898: 12895: 12891: 12886: 12883: 12880: 12877: 12874: 12871: 12868: 12867: 12866: 12862: 12859: 12858: 12849: 12845: 12842: 12838: 12834: 12832: 12828: 12824: 12820: 12818: 12814: 12810: 12806: 12804: 12800: 12796: 12793: 12789: 12786: 12782: 12779: 12778: 12773: 12770: 12766: 12764: 12760: 12757: 12753: 12749: 12745: 12744: 12740: 12738: 12737: 12733: 12731: 12730: 12726: 12724: 12723: 12719: 12718: 12716: 12715:Forrest Pogue 12713: 12710: 12707:Perry, Mark. 12706: 12703: 12699: 12697: 12693: 12690: 12686: 12683: 12679: 12676: 12672: 12668: 12666: 12662: 12658: 12654: 12652: 12648: 12644: 12640: 12636: 12634: 12633:online review 12630: 12626: 12623: 12619: 12616: 12612: 12609: 12605: 12603: 12599: 12595: 12593: 12589: 12585: 12582: 12578: 12575: 12571: 12569: 12565: 12562: 12558: 12554: 12551: 12547: 12543: 12541: 12537: 12533: 12530: 12529: 12523: 12520: 12518: 12515: 12514: 12512: 12504: 12501: 12499: 12496: 12495: 12490: 12485: 12462: 12458: 12457: 12452: 12447: 12435: 12431: 12427: 12411: 12407: 12403: 12399: 12387: 12383: 12382: 12377: 12372: 12360: 12356: 12355: 12350: 12346: 12334: 12330: 12326: 12322: 12318: 12314: 12310: 12306: 12301: 12289: 12285: 12281: 12277: 12265: 12261: 12257: 12253: 12241: 12237: 12236: 12231: 12227: 12215: 12211: 12207: 12203: 12191: 12187: 12183: 12179: 12167: 12163: 12159: 12158: 12153: 12141: 12137: 12136: 12131: 12127: 12115: 12111: 12107: 12102: 12090: 12086: 12082: 12077: 12065: 12061: 12057: 12053: 12041: 12037: 12036: 12031: 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10348: 10333: 10329: 10322: 10317: 10305: 10301: 10300: 10295: 10291: 10279: 10275: 10271: 10266: 10254: 10250: 10246: 10242: 10230: 10226: 10221: 10216: 10204: 10200: 10196: 10192: 10180: 10176: 10175: 10170: 10166: 10165: 10155: 10151: 10147: 10142: 10130: 10126: 10122: 10117: 10113: 10112:Army Magazine 10108: 10096: 10092: 10088: 10083: 10071: 10067: 10063: 10058: 10054: 10042: 10038: 10034: 10029: 10025: 10013: 10009: 10005: 10001: 9997: 9993: 9989: 9985: 9981: 9977: 9972: 9965: 9961: 9957: 9950: 9945: 9944: 9934: 9922: 9918: 9912: 9908: 9907: 9902: 9898: 9894: 9879: 9872: 9871: 9866: 9862: 9850: 9846: 9840: 9836: 9835: 9829: 9825: 9813: 9809: 9803: 9799: 9798: 9792: 9777: 9770: 9769: 9764: 9760: 9756: 9752: 9746: 9742: 9737: 9734: 9729: 9723: 9719: 9714: 9702: 9698: 9694: 9690: 9688:0-340-68491-7 9684: 9680: 9679: 9673: 9669: 9665: 9661: 9655: 9651: 9646: 9642: 9638: 9634: 9628: 9624: 9619: 9607: 9603: 9597: 9593: 9592: 9586: 9574: 9570: 9564: 9560: 9559: 9553: 9548: 9547: 9540: 9536: 9532: 9531: 9525: 9521: 9517: 9511: 9506: 9505: 9498: 9486: 9482: 9476: 9472: 9471: 9465: 9453: 9449: 9443: 9439: 9438: 9432: 9428: 9416: 9412: 9406: 9402: 9401: 9395: 9391: 9386: 9382: 9378: 9373: 9369: 9357: 9353: 9347: 9343: 9342: 9336: 9332: 9326: 9322: 9317: 9305: 9301: 9295: 9291: 9290: 9284: 9272: 9268: 9262: 9258: 9257: 9251: 9247: 9235: 9231: 9225: 9221: 9220: 9214: 9202: 9198: 9197: 9191: 9187: 9185:0-671-86920-5 9181: 9177: 9176: 9171: 9167: 9163: 9162: 9156: 9144: 9140: 9134: 9130: 9129: 9123: 9119: 9115: 9109: 9093: 9089: 9085: 9081: 9075: 9071: 9067: 9066: 9060: 9056: 9050: 9047:. Routledge. 9046: 9041: 9037: 9031: 9027: 9022: 9010: 9006: 9005: 8999: 8987: 8983: 8977: 8973: 8972: 8966: 8954: 8950: 8944: 8940: 8939: 8933: 8929: 8923: 8919: 8914: 8910: 8904: 8900: 8895: 8883: 8879: 8875: 8871: 8869:1-4175-2156-2 8865: 8861: 8860: 8854: 8842: 8838: 8832: 8828: 8827: 8821: 8817: 8815:0-935998-42-X 8811: 8807: 8802: 8790: 8786: 8780: 8776: 8775: 8769: 8765: 8760: 8756: 8750: 8746: 8741: 8737: 8725: 8721: 8715: 8711: 8710: 8704: 8700: 8694: 8690: 8686: 8681: 8677: 8671: 8667: 8666:Da Capo Press 8663: 8658: 8654: 8648: 8644: 8639: 8635: 8630: 8626: 8620: 8615: 8614: 8607: 8604: 8598: 8593: 8589: 8585: 8581: 8577: 8571: 8567: 8566: 8560: 8556: 8544: 8540: 8534: 8530: 8529: 8523: 8519: 8517:0-684-81525-7 8513: 8509: 8508: 8502: 8501: 8483: 8482:Marshall 2013 8478: 8471: 8466: 8459: 8454: 8447: 8442: 8435: 8430: 8423: 8418: 8411: 8406: 8399: 8398:Siegbahn 1954 8394: 8387: 8382: 8375: 8370: 8363: 8358: 8351: 8350:Hamilton 1950 8346: 8339: 8334: 8327: 8322: 8315: 8310: 8303: 8298: 8283: 8279: 8273: 8266: 8261: 8255: 8251: 8245: 8238: 8233: 8226: 8221: 8212: 8205: 8200: 8193: 8188: 8181: 8176: 8160: 8156: 8150: 8143: 8138: 8136: 8127: 8123: 8117: 8110: 8105: 8098: 8093: 8086: 8081: 8079: 8071: 8066: 8059: 8054: 8052: 8050: 8048: 8046: 8044: 8042: 8040: 8038: 8036: 8034: 8032: 8030: 8028: 8026: 8024: 8022: 8020: 8018: 8016: 8014: 8012: 8010: 8008: 8006: 8004: 8002: 8000: 7998: 7996: 7994: 7992: 7990: 7988: 7986: 7984: 7982: 7980: 7978: 7976: 7974: 7972: 7970: 7968: 7966: 7964: 7954: 7947: 7942: 7927: 7926: 7919: 7912: 7907: 7900: 7895: 7888: 7883: 7876: 7871: 7864: 7859: 7852: 7847: 7840: 7835: 7828: 7823: 7816: 7811: 7804: 7799: 7792: 7787: 7785: 7777: 7772: 7765: 7760: 7753: 7748: 7746: 7738: 7733: 7726: 7721: 7715:, p. 10. 7714: 7709: 7707: 7699: 7694: 7692: 7690: 7688: 7686: 7684: 7676: 7671: 7669: 7661: 7656: 7649: 7644: 7637: 7632: 7624: 7617: 7609: 7603: 7599: 7592: 7584: 7578: 7574: 7567: 7561:, p. 12. 7560: 7555: 7548: 7543: 7536: 7531: 7529: 7527: 7525: 7523: 7521: 7519: 7511: 7506: 7504: 7496: 7491: 7489: 7481: 7476: 7469: 7464: 7457: 7456:Marshall 1946 7452: 7445: 7440: 7438: 7430: 7429:M. Lewis 2020 7425: 7423: 7415: 7410: 7403: 7398: 7391: 7386: 7380:, p. 79. 7379: 7374: 7367: 7362: 7360: 7353:, p. 22. 7352: 7347: 7340: 7335: 7328: 7327:Parmelee 1918 7323: 7321: 7313: 7308: 7306: 7304: 7302: 7294: 7289: 7282: 7277: 7275: 7273: 7271: 7263: 7258: 7251: 7246: 7244: 7242: 7240: 7232: 7227: 7220: 7219:Why is a rose 7215: 7213: 7205: 7200: 7193: 7188: 7181: 7176: 7174: 7166: 7161: 7159: 7152:, p. 99. 7151: 7146: 7139: 7138:Pearlman 2008 7134: 7127: 7122: 7115: 7110: 7103: 7098: 7091: 7086: 7084: 7082: 7080: 7078: 7076: 7074: 7066: 7061: 7054: 7053:A. Lewis 2012 7049: 7042: 7037: 7030: 7025: 7019: 7015: 7012: 7006: 6999: 6994: 6987: 6982: 6975: 6970: 6963: 6962:McKinzie 1972 6958: 6951: 6946: 6939: 6934: 6928:, p. 17. 6927: 6922: 6915: 6910: 6903: 6898: 6892: 6888: 6885: 6879: 6873:, p. 74. 6872: 6867: 6860: 6855: 6848: 6847:Marshall Plan 6843: 6836: 6831: 6824: 6819: 6812: 6807: 6800: 6795: 6788: 6783: 6781: 6769: 6762: 6756: 6748: 6747: 6740: 6734:, p. 51. 6733: 6728: 6721: 6716: 6701: 6697: 6690: 6683: 6678: 6671: 6666: 6659: 6654: 6647: 6642: 6635: 6630: 6623: 6618: 6611: 6606: 6599: 6594: 6592: 6590: 6588: 6580: 6575: 6573: 6565: 6560: 6558: 6550: 6545: 6538: 6533: 6526: 6521: 6519: 6517: 6515: 6513: 6505: 6500: 6498: 6490: 6485: 6483: 6475: 6470: 6463: 6458: 6456: 6448: 6443: 6441: 6433: 6428: 6421: 6416: 6409: 6405: 6402: 6397: 6390: 6389:Liebling 1940 6385: 6379:, p. 27. 6378: 6373: 6366: 6361: 6359: 6350: 6349: 6344: 6338: 6331: 6326: 6319: 6314: 6312: 6310: 6308: 6299: 6295: 6294: 6289: 6283: 6277:, p. 49. 6276: 6271: 6264: 6263:Campbell 2008 6259: 6252: 6247: 6240: 6235: 6233: 6225: 6220: 6212: 6206: 6204: 6202: 6194: 6189: 6182: 6181:Marshall 1976 6177: 6171:, p. 93. 6170: 6169:Marshall 1976 6165: 6163: 6161: 6153: 6148: 6146: 6144: 6142: 6140: 6138: 6130: 6125: 6118: 6113: 6107:, p. 29. 6106: 6101: 6099: 6091: 6086: 6084: 6075: 6069: 6065: 6064:Penguin Books 6061: 6060: 6052: 6046:, p. 43. 6045: 6040: 6038: 6029: 6025: 6024: 6019: 6013: 6005: 6001: 5995: 5991: 5990: 5982: 5975: 5974:Jolemore 1986 5970: 5963: 5958: 5956: 5954: 5945: 5941: 5940: 5935: 5929: 5922: 5917: 5910: 5905: 5898: 5893: 5887:, p. 18. 5886: 5881: 5875:, p. 23. 5874: 5869: 5867: 5865: 5863: 5855: 5850: 5843: 5838: 5836: 5829:, p. 86. 5828: 5823: 5821: 5819: 5817: 5809: 5804: 5798:, p. 10. 5797: 5792: 5790: 5788: 5786: 5784: 5776: 5771: 5764: 5759: 5757: 5749: 5744: 5742: 5734: 5729: 5714: 5710: 5704: 5697: 5692: 5685: 5680: 5673: 5668: 5666: 5664: 5648: 5644: 5637: 5630: 5625: 5618: 5613: 5606: 5601: 5599: 5591: 5586: 5584: 5582: 5580: 5571: 5567: 5561: 5557: 5556: 5548: 5540: 5536: 5530: 5526: 5525: 5517: 5510: 5505: 5503: 5501: 5499: 5497: 5495: 5493: 5491: 5489: 5487: 5485: 5483: 5481: 5479: 5477: 5475: 5473: 5471: 5469: 5467: 5465: 5463: 5461: 5459: 5457: 5449: 5444: 5437: 5432: 5430: 5422: 5417: 5410: 5405: 5401: 5388: 5387:McKinzie 1972 5382: 5375: 5368: 5358: 5351: 5347: 5340: 5331: 5322: 5318: 5309: 5306: 5304: 5301: 5299: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5287: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5270: 5267: 5266: 5262: 5251: 5248: 5237: 5224: 5215: 5211: 5208:This list is 5206: 5199: 5198: 5191: 5188: 5185: 5183: 5180: 5178: 5175: 5164: 5163: 5160: 5157: 5155: 5152: 5150: 5147: 5136: 5135: 5132: 5129: 5127: 5124: 5122: 5119: 5108: 5107: 5104: 5101: 5099: 5096: 5094: 5091: 5080: 5079: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5052: 5051: 5047: 5044: 5042: 5039: 5037: 5034: 5023: 5022: 5018: 5015: 5013: 5010: 5008: 5005: 5003:Massachusetts 4994: 4993: 4990: 4987: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4975:Massachusetts 4966: 4965: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4948: 4937: 4936: 4933: 4930: 4928: 4925: 4923: 4920: 4909: 4908: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4881: 4880: 4876: 4873: 4871: 4868: 4866: 4863: 4852: 4851: 4847: 4844: 4841: 4839: 4836: 4834: 4831: 4820: 4819: 4816: 4813: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4792: 4791: 4788: 4785: 4782: 4780: 4777: 4775: 4772: 4761: 4760: 4757: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4744: 4741: 4730: 4729: 4725: 4722: 4719: 4716: 4713: 4712: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4685: 4682: 4679: 4677: 4674: 4672: 4669: 4668: 4664: 4662: 4659: 4657: 4654: 4653: 4650:Silver Medal 4649: 4647: 4644: 4642: 4639: 4638: 4634: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4624: 4623: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4609: 4608: 4605: 4602: 4600: 4597: 4595: 4592: 4591: 4587: 4584: 4583:Four Freedoms 4581: 4579: 4576: 4575: 4571: 4569: 4566: 4564: 4561: 4560: 4556: 4553: 4550: 4548: 4545: 4544: 4540: 4538: 4535: 4533: 4530: 4529: 4525: 4523: 4520: 4518: 4515: 4514: 4510: 4508: 4505: 4503: 4500: 4499: 4495: 4493: 4490: 4488: 4485: 4484: 4480: 4478: 4475: 4473: 4470: 4469: 4465: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4455: 4454: 4451: 4448: 4446: 4443: 4441: 4438: 4437: 4433: 4431: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4422: 4418: 4416: 4413: 4411: 4408: 4407: 4403: 4401: 4398: 4396: 4393: 4392: 4388: 4386: 4383: 4381: 4378: 4377: 4373: 4370: 4367: 4365: 4362: 4361: 4357: 4355: 4354:Freedom House 4352: 4350: 4347: 4346: 4342: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4332: 4331: 4328: 4325: 4323: 4320: 4318: 4315: 4314: 4310: 4308: 4305: 4303: 4300: 4299: 4295: 4293: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4284: 4280: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4269: 4265: 4263: 4260: 4258: 4255: 4254: 4251: 4248: 4245: 4244: 4240: 4238: 4235: 4234: 4230: 4228: 4225: 4223: 4220: 4219: 4215: 4213: 4210: 4208: 4205: 4204: 4200: 4197: 4194: 4193: 4187: 4182: 4168: 4165: 4160: 4156: 4155: 4151: 4148: 4145: 4141: 4140: 4136: 4132: 4129: 4125: 4124: 4120: 4116: 4113: 4109: 4108: 4104: 4100: 4097: 4093: 4092: 4088: 4085: 4082: 4078: 4077: 4072: 4068: 4064: 4061: 4057: 4056: 4052: 4048: 4044: 4041: 4037: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4025: 4021: 4020: 4016: 4012: 4008: 4005: 4001: 4000: 3996: 3992: 3989: 3985: 3984: 3980: 3976: 3973: 3969: 3968: 3964: 3960: 3956: 3953: 3949: 3948: 3944: 3940: 3936: 3933: 3929: 3928: 3924: 3920: 3916: 3913: 3909: 3908: 3904: 3900: 3896: 3893: 3889: 3888: 3884: 3880: 3876: 3873: 3869: 3868: 3864: 3860: 3856: 3853: 3849: 3848: 3844: 3841: 3838: 3834: 3833: 3829: 3825: 3822: 3818: 3817: 3813: 3809: 3806: 3802: 3801: 3796: 3793: 3789: 3785: 3780: 3776: 3775: 3771: 3767: 3761: 3757: 3756: 3753: 3750: 3747: 3743: 3742: 3739: 3736: 3733: 3729: 3728: 3724: 3721: 3716: 3710: 3703: 3696: 3695: 3692: 3689: 3683: 3679: 3678: 3674: 3671: 3668: 3664: 3663: 3660: 3656: 3653: 3650: 3646: 3645: 3642: 3639: 3636: 3632: 3631: 3628: 3624: 3621: 3616: 3610: 3603: 3602: 3598: 3592: 3588: 3587: 3584: 3581: 3578: 3574: 3573: 3568: 3565: 3561: 3555: 3551: 3550: 3547: 3544: 3541: 3537: 3536: 3533: 3529: 3526: 3521: 3515: 3508: 3507: 3502: 3495: 3488: 3484: 3480: 3475: 3466: 3458: 3456:Regular Army 3455: 3452: 3447: 3443: 3442: 3438: 3435: 3433: 3430: 3427: 3423: 3422: 3418: 3416: 3413: 3411: 3408: 3405: 3401: 3400: 3396: 3394:Regular Army 3393: 3391: 3390:Major general 3388: 3385: 3381: 3380: 3376: 3374:Regular Army 3373: 3371: 3368: 3365: 3361: 3360: 3356: 3354:Regular Army 3353: 3350: 3347: 3343: 3342: 3338: 3336:Regular Army 3335: 3332: 3329: 3325: 3324: 3320: 3318:Regular Army 3317: 3314: 3311: 3307: 3306: 3303: 3300:30 June 1920 3299: 3297: 3294: 3291: 3288: 3284: 3283: 3279: 3276: 3274: 3271: 3268: 3264: 3263: 3259: 3256: 3254: 3251: 3248: 3244: 3243: 3239: 3237: 3236:National Army 3234: 3232: 3229: 3226: 3222: 3221: 3217: 3214: 3212: 3209: 3206: 3202: 3201: 3198:7 March 1907 3197: 3194: 3192: 3189: 3186: 3182: 3181: 3178: 3174: 3172: 3169: 3167: 3164: 3162: 3159: 3158: 3154: 3151: 3148: 3145: 3144: 3141: 3134: 3128:Dates of rank 3123: 3121: 3116: 3113: 3112: 3107: 3104: 3103: 3098: 3095: 3092: 3091: 3086: 3083: 3080: 3079: 3074: 3071: 3068: 3067: 3062: 3059: 3056: 3055: 3050: 3049:Norman Burton 3047: 3045: 3043: 3038: 3035: 3032: 3031: 3026: 3023: 3020: 3019: 3014: 3013:Ward Costello 3011: 3009: 3008: 3003: 3000: 2999: 2998: 2990: 2988: 2984: 2980: 2976: 2972: 2967: 2965: 2961: 2956: 2953: 2946: 2937: 2928: 2925: 2921: 2917: 2913: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2897: 2895: 2890: 2888: 2884: 2883:James Harbord 2878: 2876: 2872: 2867: 2865: 2860: 2855: 2853: 2846: 2845:subordinates. 2841: 2827: 2822: 2813: 2811: 2806: 2804: 2803:Luther Miller 2800: 2796: 2792: 2787: 2785: 2780: 2771: 2762: 2760: 2754: 2752: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2734: 2732: 2726: 2723: 2715: 2710: 2701: 2699: 2694: 2690: 2686: 2676: 2674: 2669: 2658: 2655: 2653: 2649: 2648:old fashioned 2644: 2642: 2638: 2624: 2615: 2613: 2609: 2603: 2599: 2595: 2593: 2589: 2585: 2579: 2569: 2567: 2563: 2558: 2552: 2550: 2546: 2542: 2541:38th Parallel 2538: 2534: 2530: 2525: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2498: 2489: 2487: 2483: 2479: 2475: 2470: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2449: 2440: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2421: 2419: 2414: 2410: 2406: 2402: 2397: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2375: 2367: 2362: 2358: 2356: 2351: 2347: 2346:Marshall Plan 2343: 2335: 2331: 2326: 2322: 2320: 2316: 2306: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2292: 2288: 2284: 2280: 2277: 2269: 2264: 2259: 2249: 2246: 2245:Henry Clausen 2242: 2238: 2237:Henry Stimson 2234: 2229: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2214: 2212: 2208: 2204: 2200: 2195: 2187: 2182: 2172: 2167: 2165: 2160: 2156: 2155: 2149: 2147: 2143: 2139: 2134: 2132: 2123: 2119: 2118:Harry Hopkins 2115: 2111: 2110:Joseph Stalin 2106: 2102: 2100: 2096: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2071: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2012: 2003: 2001: 1996: 1992: 1991:Mark W. Clark 1988: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1971: 1969: 1965: 1959: 1956: 1955:unit cohesion 1951: 1944: 1943:Henry Stimson 1941: 1936: 1927: 1924: 1920: 1915: 1907: 1902: 1893: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1843: 1838: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1803: 1802: 1796: 1791: 1782: 1779: 1775: 1770: 1767: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1747: 1745: 1742:launched its 1741: 1737: 1736:Harry Hopkins 1733: 1729: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1713: 1710: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1692: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1669: 1665: 1663: 1662:33rd Division 1659: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1642: 1640: 1636: 1635:Fort Moultrie 1632: 1628: 1624: 1619: 1617: 1613: 1608: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1546: 1542: 1537: 1527: 1522: 1520: 1516: 1511: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1493: 1492:Western Front 1489: 1488:German Empire 1485: 1475: 1471: 1469: 1465: 1464:Citation Star 1460: 1456: 1455:no-man's land 1452: 1447: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1432: 1430: 1424: 1422: 1421:Western Front 1418: 1414: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1390: 1386: 1381: 1372: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1333: 1331: 1327: 1322: 1318: 1313: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1286:U.S. Senators 1283: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1261: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1241: 1238: 1230: 1226: 1222: 1220: 1215: 1209: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1186:John Marshall 1184: 1183:Chief Justice 1180: 1176: 1172: 1162: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1127:Marshall Plan 1124: 1119: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1105: 1100: 1096: 1095: 1090: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1073: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1016: 1011: 1009: 1005: 1001: 997: 993: 989: 985: 981: 977: 973: 969: 965: 960: 956: 952: 947: 945: 941: 940:Marshall Plan 937: 933: 929: 925: 921: 917: 913: 909: 905: 901: 896: 892: 883: 875:, 5 June 1947 874: 873:Marshall Plan 870: 853: 844: 840: 835: 831: 826: 821: 817: 814: 810: 805: 802: 799: 795: 790: 787: 783: 780: 779: 778:Complete list 774: 770: 765: 762: 758: 752: 749: 745: 742: 741: 740: 737: 735: 732: 728: 725: 723: 722:Western Front 720: 719: 718: 715: 711: 708: 707: 706: 703: 702: 700: 696: 693: 689: 685: 681: 677: 676:Fort Moultrie 673: 670:5th Brigade, 668: 664: 661: 657: 654: 650: 646: 642: 638: 634: 631: 628: 624: 619: 615: 611: 607: 604: 603: 602:Complete list 598: 594: 590: 587: 583: 580: 577: 573: 569: 568:John Marshall 564: 561: 557: 533: 526: 525: 495: 494: 492: 488: 484: 480: 477: 474: 472:Resting place 470: 466: 457: 453: 449: 433: 429: 424: 420: 417: 414: 408: 405: 402: 396: 393: 389: 386: 382: 379: 375: 372: 368: 362: 357: 354: 349: 345: 339: 335: 329: 326: 323: 319: 313: 308: 305: 301: 297: 294: 291: 285: 282: 279: 273: 270: 266: 263: 259: 256: 253: 249: 243: 238: 235: 230: 227: 224: 218: 215: 212: 206: 200: 195: 192: 187: 184: 181: 175: 172: 169: 163: 160: 157: 153: 147: 142: 139: 134: 131: 128: 122: 119: 116: 110: 107: 103: 102:Stephen Early 100: 96: 93: 90: 86: 80: 75: 72: 67: 63: 56: 51: 44: 39: 35: 30: 19: 18354:Pope Francis 18256: / 18221:2001–present 18211:Bill Clinton 18187:Roman Herzog 18139:Václav Havel 18113: / 17927:Edward Heath 17897: 17583:Tom C. Clark 17551: 17459:Dean Acheson 17452: 17406: 17339:Taylor Swift 17287: 17254:Donald Trump 17233:Kent Brantly 17220:Pope Francis 17212:Barack Obama 17188:Ben Bernanke 17180:Barack Obama 17094:2001–present 17063:Bill Clinton 17055:Andrew Grove 17000:Bill Clinton 16916:The Computer 16868:Jimmy Carter 16844:Carol Sutton 16812:Alison Cheek 16758:Willy Brandt 16737:Frank Borman 16643:Emilio Segrè 16489: 16457: 16418:Adolf Hitler 16358:Pierre Laval 16308: 16240: 16150: 16046: 16023: / 16019: / 16004: / 15967: / 15919: / 15882: / 15878: / 15854:Barack Obama 15830: / 15815: / 15813:Grameen Bank 15800: / 15776:Shirin Ebadi 15765:Jimmy Carter 15752: / 15738:2001–present 15728:Kim Dae-jung 15710: / 15698: / 15686: / 15674: / 15662: / 15658: / 15656:Shimon Peres 15646: / 15572:Desmond Tutu 15554: / 15518: / 15498: / 15467: / 15455: / 15449: 15435:Willy Brandt 15349: / 15307:Georges Pire 15268: 15253:Léon Jouhaux 15234:Ralph Bunche 15209: / 15197: / 15187:Cordell Hull 15128:Robert Cecil 15079: / 15044: / 15032: / 15009: / 14975: / 14897:Alfred Fried 14895: / 14893:Tobias Asser 14875: / 14863: / 14851: / 14807: / 14795: / 14793:Henry Dunant 14593: 14334: 13703:Westmoreland 13652: 13391: 13386:Rex Harrison 13382:Lilli Palmer 13372:Gregory Peck 13360: 13329: 13314:Omar Bradley 13302: 13275: 13248: 13221: 13182: 13167:Dean Acheson 13148: 13116: 13091: 13031: 12900: 12893: 12860: 12847: 12836: 12822: 12808: 12798: 12791: 12784: 12775: 12768: 12751: 12741: 12734: 12727: 12720: 12708: 12701: 12688: 12681: 12670: 12656: 12642: 12628: 12621: 12614: 12597: 12587: 12580: 12573: 12556: 12545: 12535: 12510: 12488: 12465:. 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Marshall 14105:J. Marshall 13608:Wotherspoon 13111:Malin Craig 12270:17 February 11993:"MacArthur" 11957:17 February 11889:17 February 11869:9 September 11859:ibiblio.org 11701:20 February 11529:17 February 11505:17 February 11276:22 November 10988:12 December 10805:7 September 10781:20 February 10589:20 February 10245:"Biography" 9941:Periodicals 9458:22 November 9277:21 November 8959:21 November 8492:Works cited 7698:Runkle 2019 7675:Hambro 1953 7390:Brooks 2015 6986:Stoler 1989 6799:Stoler 1989 6537:George 1981 6348:History Net 6224:Lengel 2008 6117:Runkle 2017 5921:Stoler 1989 5897:Stoler 1989 5808:Taylor 2020 5733:Stoler 2015 5421:Tucker 2011 5348:, p. 5 5221:August 2020 4979:6 June 1947 4861:Connecticut 4434:Gold Medal 3546:Silver Star 3120:Oppenheimer 3002:Keith Andes 2966:, Germany. 2924:Dick Cavett 2833: 1949 2704:Family life 2689:Earl Warren 2675:in France. 2407:, a former 2334:Oval Office 2330:Fred Vinson 2068:Alan Brooke 2024:Villa Urbig 1846:Axis powers 1717:Malin Craig 1644:During the 1468:Silver Star 1389:Gondrecourt 1375:World War I 1317:World War I 1310:Philippines 1290:Scott Shipp 1070:Malin Craig 988:World War I 930:victory in 801:Left Tackle 792:VMI Keydets 769:Silver Star 717:World War I 404:Malin Craig 399:Preceded by 332:Preceded by 276:Preceded by 209:Preceded by 166:Preceded by 113:Preceded by 18446:Categories 18203:Tony Blair 18131:Gyula Horn 17151:Bill Gates 17075:Jeff Bezos 16992:Ted Turner 16820:Betty Ford 16741:Jim Lovell 16189:Hans Krebs 16119:Literature 15980:Abiy Ahmed 15865:Liu Xiaobo 15754:Kofi Annan 15451:Lê Đức Thọ 14905:Elihu Root 14654:Weinberger 14634:Richardson 14325:Stettinius 13981:McConville 13783:McConville 13758:Schoomaker 13658:Eisenhower 13459:Washington 13195:1950–1951 13161:1947–1949 13122:1939–1945 13097:1938–1939 12430:HistoryNet 11903:cn.hanx.in 11349:1 February 11226:13 October 10944:8 February 10914:npg.si.edu 10890:npg.si.edu 10866:npg.si.edu 10677:VeteranAid 10341:13 October 9982:(2): 687. 9650:Joe Steele 8675:0306810352 8584:1035517800 8070:Kozak 2016 7339:Glenn 2014 6974:Gouda 2002 6705:11 January 6598:Henry 2001 6525:Keast 1945 6489:Ossad 2003 6474:Bland 2020 5827:Skutt 1997 5672:Zajac 2003 5396:References 5288:(SSBN-654) 5210:incomplete 5117:California 4946:New Jersey 4167:Fourragère 4119:Montenegro 3625:with five 3477:President 3152:Component 3037:Bill Morey 2759:Kitty Winn 2631:Retirement 2618:Later life 2562:containing 2506:Korean War 2492:Korean War 2474:Jim Mattis 2457:Korean War 2411:which had 2303:Mao Zedong 2291:Kuomintang 2268:Zhou Enlai 1515:VIII Corps 1202:Republican 1147:Korean War 1116:Mao Zedong 1112:Communists 902:to become 751:Korean War 441:1880-12-31 18018:1976–2000 17820:1950–1975 17387:President 17319:Elon Musk 17307:Joe Biden 17067:Ken Starr 16860:1976–2000 16525:1951–1975 16318:1927–1950 16110:(Germany) 16100:Chemistry 16093:laureates 15708:John Hume 15487:1976–2000 15244:1951–1975 15199:John Mott 15021:1926–1950 14781:1901–1925 14770:Laureates 14584:Forrestal 14482:Tillerson 14365:Kissinger 14210:Washburne 14135:Van Buren 14100:Pickering 14090:Jefferson 13961:Chiarelli 13861:B. 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Palmer 13683:Lemnitzer 13643:MacArthur 13638:Summerall 13544:Schofield 13519:McClellan 13494:Wilkinson 13479:St. Clair 12982:from the 12665:0145-2096 12651:0899-3718 12014:"Day One" 11813:0040-781X 11541:(1992b). 11012:24 August 10613:2 October 9996:220377505 9759:892858663 9668:966533957 9641:945169989 9612:17 August 9172:(1992a). 9108:cite book 8386:Biography 8165:21 August 7636:Miscamble 6811:Tsou 1963 6330:Cray 1990 5854:Pops 2009 5748:Cray 1990 5605:Wedemeyer 4714:Location 4371:magazine 4246:magazine 3830:(France) 3530:with one 3146:Insignia 3018:MacArthur 2985:, former 2964:Oberursel 2852:under him 2791:Fort Myer 2712:Cover of 2420:in 1949. 2099:Gibraltar 1799:HMS 1774:Freemason 1740:Wehrmacht 1723:than the 1347:, at the 1315:Prior to 1252:team and 639:1902–1959 609:Signature 575:Education 559:Relations 370:President 361:In office 321:President 312:In office 251:President 242:In office 199:In office 155:President 146:In office 88:President 79:In office 17047:David Ho 16021:Memorial 14689:R. 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