331:. According to its interpretation, Spain yielded in 1899 every remaining possession in the Pacific. It added that "those islands were traditionally linked to the Carolinas and it has to be understood that, if the latter were yielded, the former were yielded too" and "the Spanish attitude between 1899 and 1948 shows that the intent of Spain by signing the treaty with Germany was to transfer to it all its possessions in the Pacific." It would be inconsistent "that Spain would have wanted to yield the Carolinas, the Palaos and the Marianas, but would have reserved the sovereignty over a few little islands of scarce economic value over which it had never exercised its factual sovereignty", concluding that Spain does not preserve any sovereignty over any Pacific islands or atolls.
87:
74:
3415:
103:
29:
227:, at the time considered part of the Carolines, was also occupied and during the following years the Germans started up mining there. The United States might have retained both the Carolines and Northern Marianas, but a lack of diplomatic consistency and interest allowed Spain to retain control until the sale.
311:...while the subject is not clear, it becomes to wait before dealing with the United States or the friendly powers taking part of the United Nations, since Spain has no contacts with the UN and it would be this organization which would solve the final lot of those Micronesian islands owned by Japan.
204:, and indefensible, after the destruction of two Spanish fleets in the Spanish–American War. The Spanish government, therefore, decided to sell the remaining islands. Germany lobbied the Spanish government to facilitate the sale of the islands to Germany.
491:"Real decreto autorizando al Ministro de Estado para presentar á las Cortes un proyecto de ley concediendo autorización al Gobierno para ceder á Alemania las islas Carolinas, las Palaos y las Marianas, excepto Guam"
320:
However, a report of 4 January 1949 from the legal advice of the
Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs "estimated that any hypothetical right of Spain over those islands would have been destroyed by the
120:
289:
researcher Emilio Pastor y Santos wrote a letter claiming that Spain should establish three naval stations in the
Carolinas, Marianas and Palaos, following article 3. He suggested
282:", probably a reef already sunken today, but it appeared on maps of the time) are still in Spanish possession since they were not transferred to the United States nor to Germany.
456:
3128:
200:, and with about 6,000 tiny, sparsely populated, and not very productive Pacific islands. The latter were both ungovernable, after the loss of the administrative center of
301:. In October, Pastor announced that there were still four islands under Spanish sovereignty, as they were forgotten in the 1899 treaty. In 1950, Pastor published the book
324:, that were those established after World War I with the transfer of those territories to Japan and, after World War II, with their attribution to the United States".
3551:
2258:
1267:
471:
2278:
1193:
327:
In 2014, the
Spanish government closed any speculation on the issue of Spanish possessions in the Pacific with an answer in the Congress to the deputy
628:
3196:
3546:
3526:
3292:
3531:
3511:
2743:
2238:
3201:
2288:
696:
307:, 'Territories of Spanish sovereignty in Oceania'. On 12 January 1949, the question was dealt with in the Council of Ministers, but
1893:
1251:
668:
641:
3240:
3108:
2212:
890:
401:
2192:
842:
3521:
807:
536:"Ley autorizando al Gobierno para ceder al Imperio de Alemania las islas Carolinas con las Palaos y las Marianas, excepto Guam"
321:
1330:
2966:
1077:
161:
1928:
1797:
1424:
1420:
3601:
3285:
3061:
3056:
2424:
1830:
1473:
926:
372:
3596:
3566:
3516:
3123:
2243:
1112:
2890:
2207:
2143:
1865:
1845:
1320:
1052:
1015:
3255:
2359:
2956:
2865:
2263:
1807:
1360:
990:
286:
3571:
3156:
1840:
1324:
661:
3414:
2532:
2467:
3576:
3440:
3278:
3093:
2885:
2672:
2472:
2021:
1956:
1542:
1444:
847:
711:
3011:
2527:
1971:
1855:
435:
3611:
3301:
3113:
3051:
2850:
2268:
1981:
1961:
1933:
1850:
1825:
1685:
1493:
1400:
1340:
1307:
581:"Tratado cediendo al Imperio alemán los Archipiélagos de Carolinas, Palaos y Marianas, excepto la isla de Guam"
343:
3076:
2905:
2662:
3606:
3561:
3316:
3228:
3206:
3161:
3103:
3081:
2895:
2667:
2349:
2138:
2123:
1208:
1072:
1025:
2457:
3452:
3098:
3066:
2597:
2462:
1898:
1278:
1087:
883:
857:
3086:
2419:
3536:
3071:
2971:
2602:
2054:
1986:
955:
817:
802:
774:
731:
654:
382:
2522:
2429:
3006:
2369:
2016:
1903:
1815:
1787:
1414:
1384:
1189:
1020:
741:
2389:
2344:
3556:
2925:
2875:
2733:
2632:
2128:
2001:
1966:
1918:
1820:
1432:
1316:
1005:
975:
970:
837:
797:
1550:
616:
571:
526:
3591:
3581:
3541:
3425:
3341:
2870:
2753:
2713:
2652:
2647:
2587:
2006:
1996:
1782:
1485:
1396:
1097:
832:
812:
457:"El Gobierno zanja toda especulación sobre el mantenimiento de posesiones españolas en el Pacífico"
216:
165:
137:
3250:
2329:
1562:
1082:
472:"Las islas hispánicas perdidas por todo el mundo: así es el recuerdo de que España fue un imperio"
2920:
2778:
2622:
2562:
2512:
2414:
2011:
1976:
1923:
1558:
1428:
1392:
1122:
995:
980:
876:
2113:
3586:
3211:
2783:
2718:
2222:
2108:
1991:
1951:
1595:
1388:
1047:
1037:
721:
580:
535:
490:
238:
invaded and conquered many of these German possessions. After the war, they became in 1919 the
2354:
2657:
2067:
1888:
1777:
1716:
1644:
1554:
1255:
935:
603:
558:
513:
351:
250:
the United States took control of the former
Spanish and German archipelagos in the Pacific.
3191:
2592:
2379:
2339:
2298:
1272:
3270:
3166:
2835:
2798:
2788:
2728:
2627:
2607:
2502:
2314:
2133:
1010:
1000:
691:
2692:
2482:
2404:
8:
3235:
2991:
2976:
2860:
2840:
2793:
2773:
2577:
2572:
2517:
2487:
2253:
1878:
1835:
1792:
1721:
1690:
1461:
1440:
1406:
1312:
1282:
1213:
1057:
1030:
930:
706:
377:
185:
133:
92:
3365:
2981:
2682:
3346:
3324:
2996:
2986:
2961:
2915:
2880:
2738:
2447:
2324:
2197:
1695:
1675:
1335:
1223:
950:
852:
756:
677:
367:
239:
2319:
2248:
413:
3393:
3176:
3118:
2951:
2723:
2697:
2687:
2677:
2612:
2567:
2497:
2477:
2452:
2399:
2374:
1639:
1166:
1107:
1062:
921:
827:
751:
243:
220:
208:
34:
1197:
2808:
2803:
2768:
2748:
2507:
2384:
2283:
2187:
1649:
1489:
746:
736:
726:
716:
347:
212:
145:
3186:
1218:
3329:
3251:
Law of coartación (which allowed slaves to buy their freedom, and that of others)
3001:
2941:
2855:
2763:
2637:
2617:
2582:
2364:
2334:
2273:
1883:
1873:
1769:
1654:
1546:
1503:
1263:
1171:
1042:
822:
779:
701:
235:
136:, involved Spain selling the majority of its Pacific possessions not lost in the
2910:
328:
2845:
2758:
2642:
2394:
2217:
2202:
2103:
2077:
2062:
1943:
1538:
1532:
1436:
1203:
1117:
1067:
945:
899:
271:
259:
197:
189:
157:
141:
1350:
102:
28:
3505:
2409:
1259:
1176:
985:
129:
79:
3484:
3398:
3181:
3171:
2900:
2439:
2293:
2118:
1634:
1410:
1092:
940:
247:
2492:
2082:
1908:
1477:
1355:
267:
231:
177:
173:
2072:
3479:
3357:
2946:
1680:
960:
342:
sovereignty, Yap, Kapingamarangi, Ulithi and
Nukuoro are parts of the
3370:
1913:
1670:
1570:
1345:
1247:
1181:
646:
339:
578:
3375:
3334:
2087:
965:
285:
The hypothesis appeared on 5 March 1948, when the state lawyer and
37:
before (in blue) and after (in red) the 1899 German-Spanish treaty
3445:
3351:
3245:
3216:
1726:
1711:
868:
263:
2182:
1736:
1731:
1508:
533:
488:
290:
275:
201:
172:
became independent while the United States took possession of
3223:
1497:
1161:
355:
335:
298:
224:
219:
to
Germany, which then placed them under the jurisdiction of
168:
in 1898, in which Spain lost most of its remaining colonies.
3300:
1566:
1481:
193:
181:
169:
1459:
211:
signed the treaty on 12 February 1899. It transferred the
294:
188:. This left Spain with only its African possessions of
579:
Francisco
Silvela; Joseph von Radowitz (1 July 1899).
354:
controlled by the United States, and Koror is part of
1214:
Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, northernmost France
436:"Micronesia Española, Islas españolas en el Pacífico"
106:
Handover of the
Western Carolines on 3 November 1899
469:
534:María Cristina; Francisco Silvela (29 June 1899).
489:María Cristina; Francisco Silvela (13 June 1899).
246:, under control of the Japanese. During and after
3503:
1758:
629:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
3552:History of the Federated States of Micronesia
3286:
1403:, a northernmost portion of Brazilian Amazon)
884:
662:
302:
1078:Independence of Spanish continental Americas
625:Territorios de soberanía española en Oceanía
304:Territorios de soberanía española en Oceanía
3293:
3279:
891:
877:
669:
655:
459:(in Spanish). Europa Press. 20 April 2014.
253:
3472:
3197:Colonial universities in Hispanic America
470:Manuel P. Villatoro (23 September 2016).
184:from Spain's Pacific Ocean colonies, the
3302:Former German colonies and protectorates
3202:Colonial universities in the Philippines
438:(in Spanish). Lqt Defensa. 3 March 2012.
258:It has been asserted that some islands (
101:
3547:History of the Northern Mariana Islands
3527:Treaties of Spain under the Restoration
2193:Free Company of Volunteers of Catalonia
3532:Treaties extended to German New Guinea
3512:Treaties involving territorial changes
3504:
3146:
676:
3274:
3145:
3041:
3040:
2164:
2042:
1757:
1616:
1584:
1521:
1458:
1373:
1296:
1236:
1150:
1139:
911:
910:
872:
650:
16:1899 treaty between Germany and Spain
3433:
1474:Captaincy General of the Philippines
966:New Laws in favour of the indigenous
451:
449:
447:
445:
373:Captaincy General of the Philippines
3177:Indochristian painting in New Spain
1297:
627:. Instituto de Estudios Africanos,
13:
2144:Commerce Consulate of Buenos Aires
1617:
898:
482:
463:
428:
14:
3623:
1374:
1237:
1118:Independence of Equatorial Guinea
635:
442:
3413:
3229:Criollos in the colonial society
3157:Spanish missions in the Americas
2279:Charles Bonaventure de Longueval
346:, Rongerik is controlled by the
85:
72:
27:
3256:Great Potosí Mint Fraud of 1649
1140:
642:Text of the Treaty (in Spanish)
126:Deutsch-Spanischer Vertrag 1899
116:Tratado germano-español de 1899
1585:
1308:Captaincy General of Guatemala
1016:Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659)
697:Federated States of Micronesia
406:
395:
344:Federated States of Micronesia
1:
3522:Treaties of the German Empire
3207:General Archive of the Indies
2468:Francisco Vázquez de Coronado
2139:Camino Real de Tierra Adentro
2124:Guipuzcoan Company of Caracas
1073:Third Treaty of San Ildefonso
1026:War of the Spanish Succession
991:Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)
545:(180). Gaceta de Madrid: 1151
402:The Partition of the Marianas
388:
160:lost most of its colonies to
156:During the 19th century, the
2165:
1279:Captaincy General of Yucatan
1209:Union with Holy Roman Empire
1188:Southern Italy (Kingdoms of
1103:German–Spanish Treaty (1899)
500:(164). Gaceta de Madrid: 905
7:
2043:
1759:Administrative subdivisions
956:War of the League of Cognac
383:Treaty of Washington (1900)
361:
207:The Spanish Prime Minister
10:
3628:
3597:1899 in the Spanish Empire
3567:Former colonies in Oceania
3517:Treaties concluded in 1899
2473:Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar
2458:Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada
2360:Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca
1522:
1258:), Western United States (
1151:
1021:Portuguese Restoration War
590:(182). Gaceta de Madrid: 1
414:"Palau profile – timeline"
151:
144:(equivalent to 17 million
140:to Germany for 25 million
54:12 February 1899
3465:
3424:
3409:
3386:
3315:
3308:
3241:Slavery in Spanish Empire
3152:
3141:
3047:
3036:
2934:
2828:
2821:
2706:
2555:
2548:
2541:
2528:Pere d'Alberní i Teixidor
2438:
2307:
2269:Álvaro de Bazán the Elder
2231:
2175:
2171:
2160:
2129:Barcelona Trading Company
2096:
2053:
2049:
2038:
1942:
1894:New Andalusia (1501–1513)
1864:
1806:
1768:
1764:
1753:
1704:
1663:
1627:
1623:
1612:
1591:
1528:
1469:
1401:Venezuela, part of Guyana
1380:
1303:
1254:, Central United States (
1243:
1157:
1146:
1135:
986:Bruneian–Spanish conflict
971:Expulsion of the Moriscos
917:
906:
788:
765:
684:
623:Pastor y Santos, Emilio.
65:
50:
42:
26:
3182:Quito painting tradition
3172:Cusco painting tradition
2533:García López de Cárdenas
2523:Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera
2430:Felipe González de Ahedo
2350:Pedro Menéndez de Avilés
927:Conquest of the Americas
843:Northern Mariana Islands
230:In October 1914, during
217:Northern Mariana Islands
3602:Germany–Spain relations
3572:Former Spanish colonies
2967:Comuneros (New Granada)
2744:Balearic Islands (1558)
2463:Hernán Pérez de Quesada
2390:Ruy López de Villalobos
2345:Miguel López de Legazpi
2259:García de Toledo Osorio
1123:Western Sahara conflict
1113:Independence of Morocco
1053:Treaty of Madrid (1750)
996:Piracy in the Caribbean
981:French Wars of Religion
808:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
254:Residual Spanish claims
3577:Former German colonies
3212:Colonial Spanish Horse
2886:Colonia del Sacramento
2109:Spanish treasure fleet
1686:Royal Decree of Graces
611:Cite journal requires
566:Cite journal requires
521:Cite journal requires
318:
303:
162:independence movements
125:
115:
107:
3612:Purchased territories
2370:Vasco Núñez de Balboa
2330:Juan Sebastián Elcano
1645:Council of the Indies
1006:Spanish–Moro conflict
976:Ottoman–Habsburg wars
936:Treaty of Tordesillas
791:and other territories
352:North Mariana Islands
309:
112:German–Spanish Treaty
105:
22:German–Spanish Treaty
3607:February 1899 events
3562:Former protectorates
3167:Mesoamerican Codices
2891:Comuneros (Paraguay)
2729:Siege of Castelnuovo
2315:Christopher Columbus
2134:Consulate of the Sea
2114:Casa de Contratación
1705:Titles and positions
1098:Spanish–American War
1088:Liberal constitution
931:Asia and the Pacific
166:Spanish–American War
138:Spanish–American War
2896:Cartagena de Indias
2518:Diego de Mazariegos
2488:Pere Fages i Beleta
2355:Sebastián de Ocampo
1836:Provincias Internas
1808:Captaincies General
1722:Municipal president
1691:School of Salamanca
1462:Spanish East Indies
1441:Misiones Orientales
1313:Spanish West Indies
1277:, Central America (
1224:Pyrénées-Orientales
1177:Union with Portugal
1068:Napoleonic invasion
1048:War of Jenkins' Ear
416:. BBC. 3 March 2015
378:Spanish East Indies
350:, Saipan is in the
322:later trust regimes
186:Spanish East Indies
114:of 1899, (Spanish:
23:
3537:Islands of Oceania
3192:Academia Antártica
3147:Other civil topics
2513:Pánfilo de Narváez
2415:Sebastián Vizcaíno
2380:Andrés de Urdaneta
2340:Juan Ponce de León
2325:Ferdinand Magellan
2299:Bernardo de Gálvez
2198:Indian auxiliaries
1696:Trial of residence
1676:Laws of the Indies
1460:Asia and Oceania (
1321:Dominican Republic
678:History of Oceania
474:(in Spanish). ABC.
368:Carolines Question
240:South Seas Mandate
108:
21:
3499:
3498:
3495:
3494:
3461:
3460:
3407:
3406:
3342:South West Africa
3268:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3137:
3136:
3042:Spanish conquests
3032:
3031:
3028:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3020:
3019:
2817:
2816:
2498:Pedro de Alvarado
2483:Gaspar de Portolà
2478:Pedro de Valdivia
2453:Francisco Pizarro
2405:Nicolás de Ovando
2400:Alonso de Ercilla
2375:Alonso de Salazar
2208:Ships of the line
2156:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2034:
2033:
2030:
2029:
1749:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1608:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1580:
1579:
1537:Northern Africa (
1533:Equatorial Guinea
1517:
1516:
1454:
1453:
1369:
1368:
1292:
1291:
1283:Spanish Caribbean
1256:Spanish Louisiana
1232:
1231:
1167:Crown of Castille
1131:
1130:
1108:Spanish Civil War
1083:Adams–Onís Treaty
1063:Nootka Convention
1011:Thirty Years' War
1001:Eighty Years' War
922:Catholic Monarchs
912:Timeline–immersed
866:
865:
858:Wallis and Futuna
766:Associated states
244:League of Nations
221:German New Guinea
209:Francisco Silvela
100:
99:
35:German New Guinea
3619:
3557:History of Palau
3488:
3470:
3469:
3431:
3430:
3417:
3366:Kapitaï and Koba
3360:
3313:
3312:
3295:
3288:
3281:
3272:
3271:
3143:
3142:
3109:Chibchan Nations
3038:
3037:
3007:Santiago de Cuba
2866:Guadalupe Island
2826:
2825:
2553:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2508:Diego de Almagro
2385:Antonio de Ulloa
2289:Ambrosio Spinola
2284:Pedro de Zubiaur
2254:Alfonso d'Avalos
2244:Antonio de Leyva
2188:Army of Flanders
2173:
2172:
2162:
2161:
2051:
2050:
2040:
2039:
1766:
1765:
1755:
1754:
1625:
1624:
1614:
1613:
1582:
1581:
1555:Peñón of Algiers
1519:
1518:
1456:
1455:
1371:
1370:
1294:
1293:
1276:
1234:
1233:
1148:
1147:
1137:
1136:
1058:Seven Years' War
1031:Queen Anne's War
908:
907:
893:
886:
879:
870:
869:
848:Pitcairn Islands
818:French Polynesia
803:Christmas Island
732:Papua New Guinea
712:Marshall Islands
685:Sovereign states
671:
664:
657:
648:
647:
620:
614:
609:
607:
599:
597:
595:
585:
575:
569:
564:
562:
554:
552:
550:
540:
530:
524:
519:
517:
509:
507:
505:
495:
476:
475:
467:
461:
460:
453:
440:
439:
432:
426:
425:
423:
421:
410:
404:
399:
348:Marshall Islands
316:
306:
213:Caroline Islands
164:. Then came the
134:Kingdom of Spain
128:) signed by the
123:
93:Kingdom of Spain
91:
89:
88:
78:
76:
75:
61:
59:
46:Bilateral treaty
31:
24:
20:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3621:
3620:
3618:
3617:
3616:
3592:1899 in Oceania
3582:1899 in Germany
3542:Mariana Islands
3502:
3501:
3500:
3491:
3482:
3457:
3420:
3403:
3382:
3356:
3330:Kionga Triangle
3304:
3299:
3269:
3260:
3236:Old inquisition
3148:
3133:
3043:
3016:
2972:Trinidad (1797)
2942:La Noche Triste
2930:
2926:San Juan (1797)
2876:San Juan (1595)
2813:
2702:
2542:Notable battles
2537:
2503:Martín de Ursúa
2434:
2365:Alonso de Ojeda
2335:Juan de la Cosa
2320:Pinzón brothers
2303:
2274:John of Austria
2249:Martín de Goiti
2227:
2167:
2148:
2092:
2045:
2026:
1938:
1934:Terra Australis
1929:Río de la Plata
1874:Castilla de Oro
1860:
1802:
1798:Río de la Plata
1760:
1741:
1700:
1659:
1655:Santa Hermandad
1619:
1600:
1596:Terra Australis
1587:
1576:
1543:Spanish Morocco
1524:
1513:
1504:Northern Taiwan
1465:
1450:
1421:Río de la Plata
1376:
1365:
1299:
1298:Central America
1288:
1270:
1239:
1228:
1172:Crown of Aragon
1153:
1142:
1127:
1043:Bourbon Reforms
913:
902:
897:
867:
862:
790:
784:
767:
761:
742:Solomon Islands
680:
675:
638:
631:. Madrid, 1950.
612:
610:
601:
600:
593:
591:
583:
567:
565:
556:
555:
548:
546:
538:
522:
520:
511:
510:
503:
501:
493:
485:
483:Further reading
480:
479:
468:
464:
455:
454:
443:
434:
433:
429:
419:
417:
412:
411:
407:
400:
396:
391:
364:
317:
315:
256:
236:Empire of Japan
176:along with the
154:
119:
86:
84:
73:
71:
57:
55:
38:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3625:
3615:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3497:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3490:
3489:
3476:
3474:
3467:
3463:
3462:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3455:
3450:
3449:
3448:
3441:Kiautschou Bay
3437:
3435:
3428:
3422:
3421:
3419:
3418:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3401:
3396:
3390:
3388:
3384:
3383:
3381:
3380:
3379:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3362:
3361:
3344:
3339:
3338:
3337:
3332:
3321:
3319:
3310:
3306:
3305:
3298:
3297:
3290:
3283:
3275:
3266:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3232:
3231:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3139:
3138:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3090:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3052:Canary Islands
3048:
3045:
3044:
3034:
3033:
3030:
3029:
3026:
3025:
3022:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2938:
2936:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2906:Túpac Amaru II
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2851:Bogotá savanna
2848:
2843:
2838:
2832:
2830:
2823:
2819:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2759:Spanish Armada
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2710:
2708:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2653:White Mountain
2650:
2648:Cape Celidonia
2645:
2643:English Armada
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2559:
2557:
2550:
2543:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2444:
2442:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2420:Juan Fernández
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2395:Diego Columbus
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2311:
2309:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2235:
2233:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2223:Army of Africa
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2203:Spanish Armada
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2179:
2177:
2169:
2168:
2158:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2104:Manila galleon
2100:
2098:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2059:
2057:
2047:
2046:
2036:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1948:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1870:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1859:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1812:
1810:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1774:
1772:
1762:
1761:
1751:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1708:
1706:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1667:
1665:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1631:
1629:
1621:
1620:
1618:Administration
1610:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1598:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1539:Western Sahara
1535:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1515:
1514:
1512:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1452:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1437:Banda Oriental
1418:
1404:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1310:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1252:Coastal Alaska
1244:
1241:
1240:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1186:
1185:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1144:
1143:
1133:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1034:
1033:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
924:
918:
915:
914:
904:
903:
900:Spanish Empire
896:
895:
888:
881:
873:
864:
863:
861:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
838:Norfolk Island
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
798:American Samoa
794:
792:
786:
785:
783:
782:
777:
771:
769:
768:of New Zealand
763:
762:
760:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
688:
686:
682:
681:
674:
673:
666:
659:
651:
645:
644:
637:
636:External links
634:
633:
632:
621:
613:|journal=
586:(in Spanish).
576:
568:|journal=
541:(in Spanish).
531:
523:|journal=
496:(in Spanish).
484:
481:
478:
477:
462:
441:
427:
405:
393:
392:
390:
387:
386:
385:
380:
375:
370:
363:
360:
313:
260:Kapingamarangi
255:
252:
198:Spanish Guinea
190:Spanish Sahara
158:Spanish Empire
153:
150:
98:
97:
96:
95:
82:
67:
63:
62:
52:
48:
47:
44:
40:
39:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3624:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3587:1899 in Spain
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3486:
3481:
3478:
3477:
3475:
3471:
3468:
3464:
3454:
3451:
3447:
3444:
3443:
3442:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3423:
3416:
3412:
3411:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3385:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3359:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3320:
3318:
3314:
3311:
3307:
3303:
3296:
3291:
3289:
3284:
3282:
3277:
3276:
3273:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3222:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3187:Tapada limeña
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3151:
3144:
3140:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3069:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3049:
3046:
3039:
3035:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2933:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2827:
2824:
2820:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2779:Montes Claros
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2719:Vienna (1529)
2717:
2715:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2705:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2554:
2551:
2547:
2544:
2540:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2448:Hernán Cortés
2446:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2440:Conquistadors
2437:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2410:Juan de Ayala
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2306:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2264:Duke of Savoy
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2230:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2163:
2159:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2095:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2063:Dollar (Peso)
2061:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2041:
2037:
2023:
2022:Santo Domingo
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1899:New Andalusia
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1863:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1846:Santo Domingo
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1805:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1770:Viceroyalties
1767:
1763:
1756:
1752:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1703:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1662:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1615:
1611:
1597:
1594:
1593:
1590:
1583:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1527:
1520:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1468:
1463:
1457:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1398:
1394:
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80:German Empire
70:
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49:
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41:
36:
30:
25:
19:
3485:Nazi Germany
3483:(claimed by
3466:Unrecognised
3162:Architecture
3057:The Americas
2921:Newfoundland
2911:Túpac Katari
2901:Cuerno Verde
2836:Tenochtitlan
2668:Valenciennes
2425:Luis Fajardo
2294:Blas de Lezo
2239:Duke of Alba
2119:Spanish Road
1957:Buenos Aires
1866:Governorates
1635:Ayuntamiento
1628:Organization
1102:
1093:Carlist Wars
941:Italian Wars
789:Dependencies
775:Cook Islands
624:
604:cite journal
592:. Retrieved
587:
559:cite journal
547:. Retrieved
542:
514:cite journal
502:. Retrieved
497:
465:
430:
418:. Retrieved
408:
397:
333:
329:Jon Iñarritu
326:
319:
310:
284:
279:
257:
248:World War II
229:
206:
155:
111:
109:
18:
3426:Concessions
3347:West Africa
3325:East Africa
3129:Philippines
3094:El Salvador
2714:Capo d'Orso
2598:St. Quentin
2573:Rome (1527)
2232:Strategists
1982:Guadalajara
1909:New Navarre
1904:New Castile
1889:La Luisiana
1841:Puerto Rico
1831:Philippines
1788:New Granada
1478:Philippines
1439:(Uruguay),
1435:(Bolivia),
1385:New Granada
1325:Puerto Rico
1271: [
1141:Territories
961:Encomiendas
722:New Zealand
232:World War I
178:Philippines
174:Puerto Rico
33:Borders of
3506:Categories
3480:New Swabia
3473:Antarctica
3394:New Guinea
3358:Neukamerun
2799:Somosierra
2789:Manila Bay
2663:Nördlingen
2603:Gravelines
2083:Columnario
2055:Currencies
1972:Concepción
1944:Audiencias
1919:New Toledo
1884:La Florida
1717:Corregidor
1681:Papal bull
1586:Antarctica
1494:Micronesia
951:Golden Age
420:9 November
389:References
340:Indonesian
334:Currently
58:1899-02-12
3371:Mahinland
3104:Nicaragua
3082:Guatemala
2992:Pichincha
2977:Chacabuco
2916:Pensacola
2861:Mataquito
2841:Cajamarca
2822:New World
2794:Trafalgar
2698:Alhucemas
2578:Landriano
2563:Comuneros
2549:Old World
2493:Joan Orpí
2213:Royalists
1987:Guatemala
1914:New Spain
1851:Venezuela
1826:Guatemala
1783:New Spain
1778:Columbian
1671:Exequatur
1571:Cape Juby
1425:Argentina
1248:New Spain
1182:Gibraltar
946:Habsburgs
692:Australia
338:is under
121:‹See Tfd›
3453:Tientsin
3446:Tsingtao
3376:Togoland
3335:Wituland
3309:Colonies
3114:Colombia
3099:Honduras
3012:Asomante
2997:Ayacucho
2987:Carabobo
2962:Curalaba
2739:Ceresole
2633:Gembloux
2593:Mühlberg
2308:Mariners
2166:Military
2088:Doubloon
2073:Maravedí
2017:Santiago
1924:Paraguay
1650:Germania
1490:Caroline
1445:Malvinas
1429:Paraguay
1389:Colombia
1331:Trinidad
1198:Sardinia
1038:Bourbons
707:Kiribati
362:See also
314:—
215:and the
132:and the
124:German:
3387:Oceania
3352:Kamerun
3246:Asiento
3217:Mustang
3077:Yucatán
3072:Chiapas
2952:Tucapel
2784:Passaro
2734:Algiers
2724:Preveza
2693:Tetouan
2688:Vitoria
2678:Bitonto
2618:Antwerp
2613:Lepanto
2568:Bicocca
2044:Economy
1967:Charcas
1962:Caracas
1856:Yucatán
1727:Regidor
1712:Alcalde
1640:Cabildo
1547:Tripoli
1486:Mariana
1433:Charcas
1409:(Peru,
1393:Ecuador
1356:Bonaire
1351:Curazao
1336:Jamaica
1264:Florida
853:Tokelau
757:Vanuatu
594:17 July
549:17 July
504:17 July
280:Matador
278:, and "
272:Rongrik
264:Nukuoro
242:of the
152:History
142:pesetas
66:Parties
56: (
3317:Africa
3224:Castas
2982:Boyacá
2957:Guiana
2947:Iguape
2871:Recife
2809:Mactan
2804:Annual
2769:Rocroi
2764:Leiden
2749:Djerba
2683:Bailén
2638:Ostend
2623:Azores
2218:Legión
2183:Tercio
2176:Armies
2078:Escudo
2007:Panamá
2002:Mexico
1997:Manila
1952:Bogotá
1737:Vecino
1732:Syndic
1563:Béjaïa
1523:Africa
1509:Tidore
1397:Panama
1361:Belize
1268:Mexico
1194:Sicily
1190:Naples
1152:Europe
828:Hawaii
752:Tuvalu
291:Saipan
276:Ulithi
234:, the
202:Manila
196:, and
90:
77:
51:Signed
3434:China
3399:Samoa
3119:Chile
3087:Petén
3062:Aztec
2881:Bahia
2856:Penco
2846:Cusco
2774:Downs
2754:Tunis
2673:Ceuta
2658:Breda
2608:Malta
2588:Tunis
2583:Pavia
2097:Trade
2012:Quito
1977:Cusco
1816:Chile
1551:Tunis
1498:Palau
1415:Chile
1346:Aruba
1341:Haiti
1275:]
1204:Milan
1162:Spain
747:Tonga
737:Samoa
727:Palau
717:Nauru
584:(PDF)
539:(PDF)
494:(PDF)
356:Palau
336:Mapia
299:Koror
268:Mapia
225:Palau
146:Marks
3124:Inca
3067:Maya
3002:Guam
2935:Lost
2707:Lost
2628:Mons
2068:Real
1992:Lima
1879:Cuba
1821:Cuba
1793:Perú
1569:and
1567:Ifni
1559:Oran
1482:Guam
1411:Acre
1407:Peru
1317:Cuba
1196:and
823:Guam
780:Niue
702:Fiji
617:help
596:2020
572:help
551:2020
527:help
506:2020
422:2015
297:and
287:CSIC
194:Ifni
182:Guam
180:and
170:Cuba
110:The
43:Type
2829:Won
2556:Won
1664:Law
1561:,
1281:),
1262:),
588:III
295:Yap
148:).
3508::
1565:,
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