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self-governance by expanding the legislative councils and allowing for greater Indian representation. This move was a response to the growing Indian nationalist movement and demands for political participation. John Morley famously argued that “Reforms may not save the Raj, but if they don’t, nothing else will.” In response, Minto expressed his belief in the resilience of
British rule, stating, “The Raj will not disappear in India as long as the British race remains what it is, because we shall fight for the Raj as hard as we have ever fought, if it comes to fighting, and we shall win as we have always won.”
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In education and health, Lord Minto encouraged a forward-looking approach. He believed that Canada's progress depended on the cultivation of patriotism and unity, and this conviction was reflected in his desire to see a wider history curriculum developed in
Canadian schools. In response to the health
733:, to whom Shaughnessy was no friend, opposed the idea; but, Minto made the recommendation anyway, invoking the ire of Laurier and prompting the Prime Minister to draft a policy dictating that all Canadian nominees for honours must be approved by the prime minister before the list was sent to London.
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Lord Minto’s tenure was also marked by significant political unrest and the rise of revolutionary activities. The
Partition of Bengal in 1905, which divided the largely Muslim eastern areas from the largely Hindu western areas, was a particularly controversial decision. This move led to widespread
843:
In 1905, following the resignation of Lord Curzon of
Kedleston, Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto, was appointed Viceroy and Governor-General of India. He served in this role until 1910, following in the footsteps of his great-grandfather, the first Lord Minto. During his tenure,
834:
On his trip back to
Britain in 1904, having finished his term as Canada's Governor General, Lord Minto wrote in his journal "... so our life in Canada is over and it has been a great wrench parting from so many friends and leaving a country which I love, and which has been very full of interest to
819:
Lord Minto also took great interest in the development of the
Canadian military and emphasized the need for training and professional development. He was appointed honorary Lieutenant-Colonel of the Governor General's Foot Guards Regiment on 1 December 1898 and was subsequently appointed Honorary
847:
One of the most significant reforms during his tenure was the Indian
Councils Act of 1909, commonly known as the Morley-Minto Reforms. These reforms were a collaborative effort between John Morley, the Secretary of State for India, and Lord Minto. The reforms aimed to introduce a limited form of
855:
For his lifetime of service, Lord Minto was made a Knight
Companion of the Garter. He was succeeded by Lord Hardinge of Penshurst in 1910. The Morley-Minto Reforms laid the groundwork for future constitutional developments in India, representing a step towards greater Indian participation in
693:
Lord Minto's term of office was marked by a period of strong nationalism which saw economic growth coupled with massive immigration to Canada. Relations with the United States were strained as border and fishing disputes continued to create problems between the two countries.
1094:
635:, Governor General from 1904 to 1911, whom he had married in Britain on 28 July 1883. On this first Canadian visit, he was very active in raising a Canadian volunteer force to serve with the British Army in the
852:
protests and was eventually reversed in 1911. Additionally, on
November 15, 1909, two bombs were hurled at Lord Minto and his wife near Raipur Gate of Ahmedabad, although they were not harmed in the attack.
808:
team of Canada (since 1937 the Cup has been awarded to the junior men's champions). He loved the outdoors, championed the conservation of natural resources and promoted the creation of national parks.
323:
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was renamed in memory of him. The Earl of Minto and Lady Minto appeared on the obverse of the
Canadian four-dollar bill in the 1900 and 1902 versions of this denomination. Indirectly, the town of
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Macdonald's prediction came true when Minto was named Governor General of Canada in the summer of 1898, having campaigned for the post after he learned of the retirement of Lord Aberdeen.
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Minto Ophthalmic Hospital in Bangalore is also named after him. It is the oldest eye hospitals in India and one of the largest and busiest eye hospitals in the country.
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in 1882, thus furthering his military career and his experience of colonial administration. He was promoted Major in 1882. He was military secretary to the
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2008:
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The Earl of Minto's popularity in Canada outlived him. In addition to a Minto Place in Rockcliffe, Ottawa and Minto Street in Vancouver and the SS
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2020:
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Lady Eileen Nina Evelyn Sibell Elliot (13 December 1884 – 29 May 1938), married Lord Francis Montagu Douglas Scott (son of
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690:"took his duties to heart" and a review of his life reveals an energetic man who welcomed many challenges and responsibilities.
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during his governor-generalship of Canada from 1883 to 1885, and lived in Canada with his wife, Mary Caroline Grey, sister of
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1984:
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1353:
1224:
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1898:
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1157:"Kynynmound, Gilbert John Elliot Murray, fourth earl of Minto (1845–1914), governor-general of Canada and viceroy of India"
910:
877:
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204:
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726:
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647:, he decided instead to pursue a political career in Britain. On his departure home to Britain, Canadian Prime Minister
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on assuming command of the South of Scotland Brigade. He resigned his commission in 1889. He succeeded to his father's
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1972:
1960:
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apparently said to him, "I shall not live to see it, but some day Canada will welcome you back as Governor General".
467:
53:
2050:
1978:
1850:
662:. He then applied himself with great enthusiasm to promoting a volunteer army in Britain. In 1888 he was promoted
2203:
2014:
1800:
458:
Garter-encircled Shield of Arms of Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto, KG, GCSI, GCMG, GCIE, PC
2243:
2218:
1966:
906:
702:
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1938:
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on 11 August 1902, following an announcement of the King's intention to make this appointment in the
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644:
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729:, for a knighthood, as recognition for his service to the Duke and Duchess of York. Prime Minister
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663:
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in 1872. In 1874, in the capacity of a newspaper correspondent, he witnessed the operations of the
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122:
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1024:
828:
605:
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283:
1928:
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1300:
769:'s convictions about the importance of preserving Canadian heritage led to the creation of the
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792:. They both excelled at the sport and hosted many lively skating parties during their time at
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in 1867, but left in 1870. He joined the 1st Roxburghshire Mounted Rifle Volunteer Corps as a
2136:
1886:
895:
Lady Ruby Florence Mary Elliot (26 September 1886 – 5 November 1961), married
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1124:
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
1008:
Minto Hospital and Minto Park (now officially renamed but popularly still known as such) in
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755:, Ontario and western Canada, visiting former battlegrounds where he had served during the
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The Honourable Gavin William Esmond Elliot (25 April 1895 – 6 August 1917;
8:
2124:
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in his role as King of India (1947–50). As representatives of George VI and then
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Colonel, a tradition that has continued with the post of Governors General to this day.
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2086:
1824:
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785:
434:
572:. After the death of his grandfather in 1859 he became known by the courtesy title of
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Lord Minto, like his predecessors, travelled throughout the young country—he crossed
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and appointed trustees to oversee its annual awarding to the champion senior men's
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81:
1749:
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844:
Lord Minto faced significant political challenges and introduced notable reforms.
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1734:
1724:
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959:, established 1936, was named in honour of the Earl. Also named for the Earl was
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266:
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1739:
701:'s death in January, the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York (later to become
2142:
1719:
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by courtesy from 1859 to 1891, was a British peer and politician who served as
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36:
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1569:
1408:. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 563–564.
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after his generous funding for the construction of the new school buildings.
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in the United States is named for Minto, Ontario, whence its settlers came.
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1448:
Library of Congress: Arrival of the Governor General, Lord Minto, at Quebec
1034:
995:
956:
902:
813:
737:
706:
585:
577:
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1301:"Indian Councils Act of 1909 | UK-India Reforms, Imperialism | Britannica"
709:) visited Canada, and travelled with Lady Minto to western Canada and the
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Campaign of 1884. He served as Chief of Staff to General Middleton in the
324:
Victor Gilbert Lariston Garnet Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 5th Earl of Minto
1699:
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793:
789:
722:
438:
1143:. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 564.
816:, he helped establish the first anti-tuberculosis foundation in Canada.
1774:
1002:
342:
183:
102:
68:
1095:"Melgund, Gilbert John Murray Kynynmond Elliot (Viscount) (MLGT863GJ)"
856:
governance, although they were also criticized for being too limited.
2159:
1029:
1005:
government have their official residence, is named after Lord Minto.
801:
620:
1785:
1447:
990:(formerly Calcutta), India, commemorates him. The school from which
776:
805:
797:
593:
106:
1389:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
935:
987:
905:(28 May 1889 – 3 January 1965), married, firstly,
1453:
Collection of Lord Minto's Public and Private Letters 1898–1904
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752:
601:
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561:
654:
His political aspirations were checked with his defeat in the
636:
624:
2264:
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
1338:
796:. In the summer, the Minto family loved to bicycle and play
2166:
in their roles as King and Queen of Pakistan, respectively.
736:
On 6 December 1901, Lord Minto held a skating party on the
667:
526:
2259:
Knights Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire
2254:
Knights Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India
2229:
British military personnel of the Second Anglo-Afghan War
1276:"Gilbert John Murray Kynynmond Elliot, 4th Earl of Minto"
517:
508:
838:
463:
Gilbert John Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto
18:
Gilbert John Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto
788:, which they founded in 1903, has produced many famous
540:; 9 July 1845 – 1 March 1914), known as
1073:(2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 137.
608:(1878–1879), having narrowly escaped accompanying Sir
529:
520:
514:
505:
919:(12 February 1891 – 11 January 1975);
784:
Lord and Lady Minto were sports enthusiasts and the
532:
1414:
1345:
North Dakota, a Guide to the Northern Prairie State
1001:Minto Road, an area where most of the ministers of
939:
Lord Melgund in 1885, as Middleton's chief of staff
872:and Caroline Eliza Farquhar. She was the sister of
763:, and enjoyed the Quebec countryside on horseback.
658:, where he stood as the Conservative candidate for
566:
William Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 3rd Earl of Minto
523:
511:
334:
William Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 3rd Earl of Minto
2269:Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
1264:. No. 36804. London. 26 June 1902. p. 5.
1155:
917:Victor Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 5th Earl of Minto
880:and Lady Victoria Dawnay. They had five children:
1413:This entry incorporates text originally from the
151:Charles Hardinge, 1st Baron Hardinge of Penshurst
2284:Conservative Party (UK) parliamentary candidates
2234:British Army personnel of the Anglo-Egyptian War
2175:
780:The Earl of Minto as Governor General of Canada.
362:
2249:Military personnel from the City of Westminster
1617:
1801:
1603:
759:. He rode throughout western Canada with the
677:
604:in 1877 and served under Lord Roberts in the
1166:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
643:of 1885. When he was offered command of the
171:12 November 1898 – 10 December 1904
94:18 November 1905 – 23 November 1910
1153:
1071:BBC Pronouncing Dictionary of British Names
2214:Earls in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
1808:
1794:
1610:
1596:
744:'s daughter Bessie, and potential rescuer
584:, he was commissioned a Lieutenant in the
67:
1093:
876:, Sybil Beauclerk, Duchess of St Albans,
623:in 1881, and was with the army occupying
2279:Conservative Party (UK) hereditary peers
1394:
1239:
1209:
1129:
1112:
1110:
1108:
934:
775:
713:. Following the tour, Minto recommended
555:
453:
1431:Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
1163:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1068:
27:British peer and politician (1845–1914)
14:
2274:Rectors of the University of Edinburgh
2224:King's Own Scottish Borderers officers
2176:
1219:. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 35.
1154:Miller, Carman; Woods, Philip (2004).
1815:
1789:
1591:
1536:Rector of the University of Edinburgh
1105:
839:Viceroy and Governor General of India
82:Viceroy and Governor-General of India
1455:, published by the Champlain Society
911:John Astor, 1st Baron Astor of Hever
878:Louisa McDonnell, Countess of Antrim
576:. After completing his education at
727:Secretary of State for the Colonies
596:in Spain; he took service with the
24:
2239:People of the North-West Rebellion
2194:Nobility from the Scottish Borders
1415:Governor General of Canada website
951:, the gold-mining company town of
897:Rowland Baring, 2nd Earl of Cromer
800:. In 1901, Lord Minto donated the
422:1st Roxboroughshire Mounted Rifles
25:
2300:
2075:The Viscount Mountbatten of Burma
1439:at Project Gutenberg of Australia
1422:
615:He acted as private secretary to
2003:The Marquess of Dufferin and Ava
1937:
1932:
1927:
1563:William Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound
1382:
1117:
994:evolved was named behind him as
568:, and Emma, daughter of General
501:
383:
364:
139:The Marquess Curzon of Kedleston
1580:Victor Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound
1362:
1332:
1318:
1249:. 12 August 1902. p. 5173.
612:on his fatal mission to Kabul.
308:
2033:The Lord Hardinge of Penshurst
1514:The Lord Hardinge of Penshurst
1293:
1280:www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca
1268:
1253:
1233:
1203:
1147:
1087:
1062:
907:Lord Charles Petty-Fitzmaurice
570:Sir Thomas Hislop, 1st Baronet
13:
1:
2097:The Earl Mountbatten of Burma
1554:Peerage of the United Kingdom
1375:
864:He married, on 28 July 1883,
2103:Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari
2021:The Lord Curzon of Kedleston
1497:The Lord Curzon of Kedleston
1197:UK public library membership
7:
2209:Governors general of Canada
1619:Governors general of Canada
1437:Lord Minto, A Memoir (1924)
1216:The Canadian Honours System
1099:A Cambridge Alumni Database
1050:Rural Municipality of Minto
1018:
1012:were also named after him.
909:, and had issue, secondly,
859:
771:National Archives of Canada
10:
2305:
2063:The Marquess of Linlithgow
1477:Governor General of Canada
1260:"The Coronation Honours".
1101:. University of Cambridge.
947:, a famous steamer on the
874:Albert Grey, 4th Earl Grey
678:Governor General of Canada
619:during his mission to the
582:Trinity College, Cambridge
546:Governor General of Canada
348:Trinity College, Cambridge
159:Governor General of Canada
2158:. As representatives of
2152:
2112:
2084:
2009:The Marquess of Lansdowne
1947:
1924:
1911:The Marquess of Dalhousie
1823:
1625:
1576:
1567:
1559:
1552:
1542:
1533:
1525:
1520:
1510:
1501:
1493:
1483:
1474:
1466:
1461:
1326:"The Order of the Garter"
992:Aligarh Muslim University
930:
886:the 6th Duke of Buccleuch
761:North-West Mounted Police
697:In September 1901, after
645:North-West Mounted Police
448:
426:
414:
404:
396:
378:
358:
353:
341:
329:
318:
289:
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220:
210:The Marquess of Salisbury
189:
175:
164:
156:
144:
132:
112:
98:
87:
79:
75:
66:
34:
2113:Governors General after
2085:Governors General after
1899:The Earl of Ellenborough
1875:The Marquess of Hastings
1340:Federal Writers' Project
1055:
831:list published in June.
719:Canadian Pacific Railway
123:Henry Campbell-Bannerman
1863:The Marquess Cornwallis
1405:Encyclopædia Britannica
1140:Encyclopædia Britannica
1069:Pointon, G. E. (1983).
1025:Bell Telephone Memorial
903:Lady Violet Mary Elliot
866:Lady Mary Caroline Grey
829:1902 Coronation Honours
721:, to the government at
548:from 1898 to 1904, and
431:Second Anglo-Afghan War
284:Minto, Scottish Borders
2204:1900s in British India
2131:Sir Khawaja Nazimuddin
2057:The Earl of Willingdon
1985:The Earl of Northbrook
1857:The Marquess Wellesley
1172:10.1093/ref:odnb/33001
940:
781:
459:
2244:Knights of the Garter
2219:Scots Guards officers
1997:The Marquess of Ripon
1905:The Viscount Hardinge
1887:Lord William Bentinck
1211:McCreery, Christopher
938:
779:
656:1886 general election
649:Sir John A. Macdonald
629:Marquess of Lansdowne
600:army in the war with
556:Early life and career
457:
397:Years of service
1917:The Viscount Canning
1893:The Earl of Auckland
1470:The Earl of Aberdeen
1348:. WPA. p. 189.
977:Minto, New Brunswick
957:Bridge River Country
890:Lady Louisa Hamilton
757:North-West Rebellion
443:North-West Rebellion
227:The Earl of Aberdeen
40:The Right Honourable
2289:People from Mayfair
2125:Muhammad Ali Jinnah
2069:The Viscount Wavell
2045:The Earl of Reading
2039:The Lord Chelmsford
1851:The Lord Teignmouth
1845:The Earl Cornwallis
1462:Government offices
981:Minto, North Dakota
823:He was appointed a
746:Henry Albert Harper
742:Andrew George Blair
717:, President of the
684:Sir Wilfrid Laurier
552:from 1905 to 1910.
1991:The Earl of Lytton
1949:British Government
1305:www.britannica.com
1246:The London Gazette
1040:Minto Eye Hospital
941:
786:Minto Skating Club
782:
715:Thomas Shaughnessy
670:in 1891, becoming
560:Minto was born in
460:
435:Anglo-Egyptian War
296:Mary Caroline Grey
2199:Viceroys of India
2171:
2170:
2156:1857 Sepoy Mutiny
2027:The Earl of Minto
2023:(1899–1905)
2015:The Earl of Elgin
1973:The Lord Lawrence
1967:The Earl of Elgin
1953:(1858–1947)
1869:The Earl of Minto
1859:(1798–1805)
1831:(1773–1858)
1817:Viceroys of India
1783:
1782:
1586:
1585:
1577:Succeeded by
1543:Succeeded by
1521:Academic offices
1511:Succeeded by
1484:Succeeded by
1443:Lady Minto's Fete
1429:Biography at the
1355:978-1-62376-033-5
1226:978-1-55002-554-5
1195:(Subscription or
892:), and had issue;
672:The Earl of Minto
606:second Afghan War
452:
451:
44:The Earl of Minto
16:(Redirected from
2296:
1979:The Earl of Mayo
1961:The Earl Canning
1954:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1881:The Earl Amherst
1832:
1810:
1803:
1796:
1787:
1786:
1612:
1605:
1598:
1589:
1588:
1560:Preceded by
1526:Preceded by
1504:Viceroy of India
1494:Preceded by
1467:Preceded by
1459:
1458:
1409:
1388:
1386:
1385:
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1330:
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1207:
1201:
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1190:
1188:
1159:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1114:
1103:
1102:
1091:
1085:
1084:
1066:
969:British Columbia
967:of far northern
924:killed in action
913:, and had issue;
899:, and had issue;
825:Privy Counsellor
812:crisis posed by
574:Viscount Melgund
550:Viceroy of India
542:Viscount Melgund
539:
538:
535:
534:
531:
528:
525:
522:
519:
516:
513:
510:
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472:
389:
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374:
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368:
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354:Military service
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263:
261:
249:Personal details
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223:
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169:
147:
135:
115:
92:
71:
32:
31:
21:
2304:
2303:
2299:
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2297:
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2294:
2293:
2174:
2173:
2172:
2167:
2148:
2145:(1955–56)
2139:(1951–55)
2137:Ghulam Muhammad
2133:(1948–51)
2127:(1947–48)
2116:
2108:
2105:(1948–50)
2099:(1947–48)
2088:
2080:
2071:(1943–47)
2065:(1936–43)
2059:(1931–36)
2053:(1926–31)
2047:(1921–26)
2041:(1916–21)
2035:(1910–16)
2029:(1905–10)
2017:(1894–99)
2011:(1888–94)
2005:(1884–88)
1999:(1880–84)
1993:(1876–80)
1987:(1872–76)
1981:(1869–72)
1975:(1864–69)
1969:(1862–63)
1963:(1858–62)
1952:
1951:
1943:
1942:
1922:
1919:(1856–58)
1913:(1848–56)
1907:(1844–48)
1901:(1842–44)
1895:(1836–42)
1889:(1828–35)
1883:(1823–28)
1877:(1813–23)
1871:(1807–13)
1853:(1793–98)
1847:(1786–93)
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1839:Warren Hastings
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1400:Minto, Earls of
1398:, ed. (1911). "
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1133:, ed. (1911). "
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2089:independence
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1308:. Retrieved
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1283:. Retrieved
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1185:. Retrieved
1161:
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1035:Minto Circle
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996:Minto Circle
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863:
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814:tuberculosis
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586:Scots Guards
578:Eton College
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427:Battles/wars
419:Scots Guards
391:British Army
279:(1914-03-01)
277:1 March 1914
234:Succeeded by
166:
146:Succeeded by
89:
29:
2189:1914 deaths
2184:1845 births
1825:East India
1695:Bessborough
1310:7 September
1285:7 September
1241:"No. 27464"
961:Mount Minto
949:Arrow Lakes
794:Rideau Hall
790:ice skaters
723:Westminster
686:wrote that
439:Mahdist War
337:Emma Hislop
264:9 July 1845
222:Preceded by
134:Preceded by
2178:Categories
2115:Pakistani
1700:Tweedsmuir
1690:Willingdon
1680:Devonshire
1574:1891–1914
1540:1911–1914
1508:1905–1910
1481:1898–1904
1376:References
1199:required.)
1003:Bangladesh
953:Minto City
767:Lord Minto
725:, via the
707:Queen Mary
688:Lord Minto
408:Lieutenant
359:Allegiance
343:Alma mater
260:1845-07-09
184:Edward VII
103:Edward VII
2160:George VI
1745:Hnatyshyn
1710:Alexander
1675:Connaught
1650:Lansdowne
1262:The Times
1030:Minto Cup
802:Minto Cup
633:Lord Grey
400:1867–1885
330:Parent(s)
269:, England
167:In office
90:In office
80:17th
1765:Johnston
1755:Clarkson
1735:Schreyer
1725:Michener
1660:Aberdeen
1640:Dufferin
1342:(1938).
1213:(2005).
1187:24 April
1019:See also
860:Marriage
806:lacrosse
798:lacrosse
711:Klondike
594:Carlists
319:Children
196:Canadian
180:Victoria
176:Monarchs
157:8th
107:George V
99:Monarchs
2087:Indian
1827:Company
1770:Payette
1750:LeBlanc
1705:Athlone
1655:Stanley
1393::
1128::
988:Kolkata
963:in the
955:in the
740:, when
668:earldom
664:colonel
598:Turkish
590:captain
313:
305:
301:
205:British
2077:(1947)
1865:(1805)
1720:Vanier
1715:Massey
1635:Lisgar
1387:
1352:
1223:
1193:
1178:
1122:
1077:
1010:Lahore
931:Legacy
753:Quebec
660:Hexham
602:Russia
562:London
388:
369:
290:Spouse
1775:Simon
1740:Sauvé
1730:Léger
1665:Minto
1645:Lorne
1630:Monck
1056:Notes
945:Minto
835:me".
637:Sudan
625:Egypt
494:
492:,
487:
485:,
480:
478:,
473:
471:,
410:Major
307:(
303:
1760:Jean
1685:Byng
1670:Grey
1350:ISBN
1312:2024
1287:2024
1221:ISBN
1189:2021
1176:ISBN
1075:ISBN
888:and
705:and
621:Cape
580:and
489:GCIE
482:GCMG
475:GCSI
415:Unit
405:Rank
274:Died
254:Born
57:GCIE
54:GCMG
51:GCSI
1402:".
1168:doi
1137:".
2180::
1303:.
1278:.
1243:.
1174:.
1160:.
1107:^
1097:.
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773:.
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496:PC
468:KG
465:,
309:m.
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1795:v
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1604:t
1597:v
1417:.
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1358:.
1328:.
1314:.
1289:.
1229:.
1191:.
1170::
1083:.
536:/
533:d
530:n
527:ə
524:m
521:n
518:ɪ
515:n
512:ˈ
509:ɪ
506:k
503:/
499:(
262:)
258:(
20:)
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