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In order to protect the muscles of the gizzard, the organ has a multi-layered membrane - or gastric cuticle - made of koilin, a carbohydrate-protein complex (and not keratin as once believed) to protect the muscles. The thickness of this membrane varies with the types of food the animal eats, with
235:
diets heavier in grains, seeds, and insects creating thicker membranes than those consisting of fruits, worms, meat, and other softer edibles. In some animals the membrane is slowly worn and replaced over time, while others will discard the worn lining in its entirety periodically.
225:
By comparison, although in birds the stomach occurs in the digestive tract prior to the gizzard, in grasshoppers the gizzard occurs prior to the stomach, while in earthworms there is only a gizzard, and no stomach.
250:
Some animals that lack teeth will swallow stones or grit to aid in fragmenting hard foods. All birds have gizzards, but not all will swallow stones or grit. Those that do employ the following method of chewing:
943:, they are eaten with rice or with chicken soup. They are also served grilled and prepared scrambled with eggs, onions, garlic and salsa; and served with beans and tortillas for breakfast and other meals.
222:
and pass it back to the true stomach, and vice versa. In layman's terms, the gizzard 'chews' the food for the bird because it does not have teeth to chew food the way humans and other mammals do.
647:
species of birds have a green or yellowish membrane lining the inside, which must be peeled off before cooking, as it lends a very bitter taste to the food. In traditional
Eastern European
829:, gizzard is called "Balun Balunan". It is usually cooked as a street food in a skewered barbecue style, though some households treat it like an entree. The most common style is "Adobo".
269:
and usually become round and smooth from the polishing action in the animal's stomach. When too smooth to do their required work, they may be excreted or regurgitated.
242:, for example, will fill its gizzard with fruit and then slough off the entire membrane to present it like a 'bag of fruit' to its mate during the nesting season.
210:, which is also sometimes referred to as the true stomach. This is the secretory part of the stomach. Then the food passes into the gizzard (also known as the
398:
had a gizzard has been discredited on the grounds that the fossil remains this claim was based on were another species and the stones merely from a stream.
1198:
K. Sakai (2004). "The diphyletic nature of the
Infraorder Thalassinidea (Decapoda, Pleocyemata) as derived from the morphology of the gastric mill".
807:
kebabs to increase the meat content. Gizzards are usually cooked at the same time along with chicken, packets of gizzards are also sold separately.
753:
gizzard is a common snack, eaten alongside other duck parts such as feet, neck, heart, tongue, or head. Areas famous for their gizzard are
255:
A bird swallows small bits of gravel that act as 'teeth' in the gizzard, breaking down hard food such as seeds and thus helping digestion.
734:, gizzards are often slow-cooked and served hot or cold in slices, with green onions and soy sauce. Skewered deep-fried gizzards without
238:
The lining is critical to the proper functioning of the gizzard, but in some animals it can play an additional role as well. The male
659:. Kosher butchers often sell roasting chickens with the gizzard, neck and feet butchered and left in the cavity to be used for making
845:, it is eaten boiled, fried or grilled. Grilled, skewered gizzards, with spices and optional green peppers and onions, are popular.
456:, a lake in the north of Ireland, has a gizzard which is used to aid the digestion of water snails, the main component of its diet.
535:
consist of the heart, liver and gizzard of a bird, and are often eaten themselves or used as the basis for a soup or stock.
1044:"Structure of the glandular layer and koilin membrane in the gizzard of the adult domestic fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus)"
102:
constructed of thick muscular walls is used for grinding up food, often aided by particles of stone or grit. In certain
1143:
1109:
1009:
1161:"The evolution of the modern avian digestive system: Insights from paravian fossils from the Yanliao and Jehol biotas"
1360:
1256:
1344:. Thomson Learning Inc., Australia, Canada, Mexico, Singapore, Spain, United Kingdom, United States pp. 664.
879:, the gizzard of a cooked chicken is traditionally set aside for the oldest or most respected male at the table.
331:
that are believed to have had gizzards based on the discovery of gizzard stones recovered near fossils include:
920:
has held a
Gizzard Fest each June since 2000; a gizzard-eating contest is among the weekend's events. In the
1244:
962:
The term "gizzards" can also, by extension, refer to the general guts, innards or entrails of animals.
924:, the gizzard is typically served fried, sometimes eaten with hot sauce or honey mustard, or added to
1386:
1016:
20:
886:, gizzard and other giblets are now commonly sold separately in the frozen section of supermarkets.
901:
1376:
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788:. It may be served cooked in a curry, while barbecued skewered gizzards are also popular. In
8:
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913:
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651:, the gizzards, necks and feet of chickens were often cooked together, although not the
476:
Some crustaceans have a gizzard although this is usually referred to as a gastric mill.
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440:, found in freshwater lakes and streams from New York to Mexico, have gizzards. The
1209:
1172:
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781:
735:
792:, vattum-karulum (literally translates to gizzard-liver curry) is a popular dish.
769:(Simplified Chinese:久久鸭). In Northern China, one can find barbecued duck gizzard.
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if necessary. Then the food passes into their glandular stomach, also called the
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727:. In some places, it is prepared raw and eaten mixed with garlic and onion.
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At least some pterosaurs seemingly had gizzards. The most notable cases are
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Gizzard and mashed potato is a popular dish in many
European countries.
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639:(also pipiklach, in its less normative form), literally meaning
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city in Hubei is famous for its brand of spicy gizzard, called
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lack teeth and grind their food in a gizzard-like structure.
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1251:(3rd ed.). London: Chapman & Hall. pp. 13–15.
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842:
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is commonly used to refer to chicken gizzards in
Northern
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countries, gizzards are the basis of many soups, such as
294:
679:) are considered part of a complete fried poultry dish.
416:
Conversely, it is thought that some extinct birds like
1293:"Eat Me: How To Make Gizdodo – The Whistler Newspaper"
1104:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. p. 199.
1102:
Horns and Beaks: Ceratopsian and
Ornithopod Dinosaurs
1021:(2nd ed.). London: Bailliere Tindall. p. 97
900:
gizzards are a traditional food in some parts of the
468:
Body structure of a krill, showing the gastric mill (
590:region, duck gizzards are eaten in the traditional
908:, gizzard is battered, deep fried and served with
561:, and eaten while they are crispy on the outside.
506:gizzards are a popular food throughout the world.
1340:Solomon, E.P., Berg L.P., and Martin D.W., 2002.
932:, and it is also used in traditional New Orleans
784:(sang = stone and dana = grain). Another name is
1368:
1158:
738:are also popular and served on the menu of many
1136:Pterosaurs: Natural History, Evolution, Anatomy
1133:
950:, gizzards are curried and served with rice or
1242:
1007:
288:
1334:
1159:O'Connor, Jingmai K.; Zhou, Zhonghe (2020).
171:(3) Stones (4) Muscular wall of gizzard (5)
19:For the open source sharding framework, see
613:, gizzards are often used mixed with other
1276:Chinese words and characters for "gizzard"
803:restaurants mix chicken gizzards in their
1067:
436:waters worldwide, and the gizzard or mud
313:are most notable in cuisine (see below).
293:All birds have gizzards. The gizzards of
1197:
1099:
702:(southern Japan), gizzard is fried into
546:Stewed gizzards are eaten as a snack in
494:
463:
272:
177:
158:
25:
1041:
860:. Skewered gizzards are also popular.
698:(Japanese style skewered barbecue). In
218:). The gizzard can grind the food with
133:, which derives from a similar word in
1369:
822:. It is eaten most often with drinks.
1245:"(Chapter 1: "Earthworm morphology")"
1018:Birds: Their Structure & Function
469:
1243:Edwards, C.A.; Bohlen, P.J. (1996).
1191:
1037:
1035:
982:
980:
990:. Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
202:swallow food and store it in their
163:Chicken gizzard cross-section. (1)
13:
1008:King, A.S.; McLelland, J. (1984).
957:
14:
1408:
1319:. Potterville Chamber of Commerce
1249:Biology and Ecology of Earthworms
1032:
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472:gizzard) in a typical crustacean
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140:, which itself evolved from the
1309:
1285:
1265:
1236:
655:, which per kosher law must be
448:), a richly colored species of
407:(inferred via gastroliths) and
16:Digestive organ of some animals
1349:Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy
1152:
1138:. Princeton University Press.
1127:
1118:
1093:
1084:
1001:
954:bread; it can also be stewed.
635:, gizzards are referred to as
459:
1:
1100:Creisler, Benjamin S (2007).
965:
719:, is stir-fried and eaten as
550:, with a tomato based sauce.
490:
479:
970:
182:The gizzard (serial 8) of a
154:
117:
7:
1347:Dyce, Sack, Wensing, 2002.
889:
780:. The word is derived from
194:
186:, seen at the right of the
58:of some animals, including
10:
1413:
1010:"(Chapter 6: "Digestive")"
713:, chicken gizzard, called
694:; usually it is cooked in
289:Birds and other archosaurs
277:
38:, also referred to as the
18:
1335:General and cited sources
1090:Solomon et al., 2002
928:boil along with crawfish
832:
557:, they are cooked on the
541:
499:Fried gizzards and livers
220:previously swallowed grit
21:Gizzard (Scala framework)
1214:10.1163/1568540042900268
1134:Wilton, Mark P. (2013).
902:Midwestern United States
259:These stones are called
666:
423:
420:did not have gizzards.
110:, the gizzard features
1042:Akester, A.R. (1986).
922:Southern United States
525:. They are considered
500:
473:
413:(directly preserved).
257:
191:
175:
31:
1342:Biology Sixth Edition
918:Potterville, Michigan
675:, gizzard and liver (
513:gizzards are sold as
498:
467:
273:Animals with gizzards
253:
181:
162:
29:
1124:Codorniú et al. 2009
814:, gizzard is called
740:fried chicken stores
686:, gizzard is called
487:also have gizzards.
325:also have gizzards.
30:Gizzard of a chicken
948:Trinidad and Tobago
914:Chamber of Commerce
98:. This specialized
1177:10.1111/pala.12453
1048:Journal of Anatomy
643:. The gizzards of
594:salad, along with
568:, it is made with
501:
474:
192:
176:
32:
1282:, 7 January 2015.
586:, especially the
190:between the legs.
114:plates or teeth.
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1387:Dinosaur anatomy
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912:and sauce. The
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521:and throughout
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410:Rhamphorhynchus
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126:comes from the
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56:digestive tract
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1377:Animal anatomy
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1317:"Gizzard Fest"
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1297:thewhistler.ng
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1145:978-0691150611
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1111:978-0253348173
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649:Jewish cuisine
622:eastern Slavic
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523:Southeast Asia
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418:Enantiornithes
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344:Massospondylus
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337:Psittacosaurus
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261:gizzard stones
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246:Gizzard stones
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208:proventriculus
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1382:Bird anatomy
1348:
1341:
1321:. Retrieved
1311:
1300:. Retrieved
1296:
1287:
1280:Language Log
1279:
1267:
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1199:
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1023:. Retrieved
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992:. Retrieved
961:
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910:french fries
893:
881:
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716:dak-ttongjip
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661:chicken soup
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454:Lough Melvin
445:
428:The mullet (
427:
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404:Pterodaustro
402:
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393:
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386:Seismosaurus
384:
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44:gastric mill
43:
39:
35:
33:
1272:Victor Mair
1201:Crustaceana
856:, known as
827:Philippines
761:provinces.
592:Périgordian
515:street food
460:Crustaceans
432:) found in
365:Apatosaurus
351:Sellosaurus
266:gastroliths
216:ventriculus
96:crustaceans
94:, and some
40:ventriculus
1371:Categories
1323:2009-02-05
1302:2022-06-23
1025:2022-12-22
994:2009-02-05
966:References
677:ati ampela
637:pupik'lech
491:In cuisine
485:Earthworms
480:Earthworms
395:Claosaurus
372:Barosaurus
358:Omeisaurus
323:crocodiles
319:alligators
147:, meaning
135:Old French
88:gastropods
84:earthworms
80:pterosaurs
76:alligators
72:crocodiles
66:and other
60:archosaurs
1397:Soul food
1185:210265348
1171:: 13–27.
1060:0021-8782
988:"Gizzard"
971:Citations
772:The word
673:Indonesia
626:rassolnik
452:found in
434:estuarine
430:Mugilidae
329:Dinosaurs
283:Pangolins
169:Esophagus
155:Structure
122:The word
118:Etymology
112:chitinous
68:dinosaurs
1353:Saunders
1274:(2015),
1230:86559876
1222:20107419
1054:: 1–25.
926:crawfish
890:Americas
873:Cameroon
854:plantain
805:koobideh
774:sangdana
767:jiujiuya
696:yakitori
692:sunagimo
600:croutons
588:Dordogne
548:Portugal
509:Grilled
442:gillaroo
317:such as
303:chickens
240:hornbill
195:In birds
188:duodenum
173:Duodenum
108:molluscs
50:, is an
48:gigerium
1078:3693065
1069:1261543
906:Chicago
895:Pickled
877:Nigeria
858:gizdodo
850:Nigeria
825:In the
799:, some
782:Persian
755:Sichuan
704:karaage
657:broiled
633:Yiddish
604:lettuce
596:walnuts
576:pörkölt
570:paprika
566:Hungary
559:plancha
533:Giblets
511:chicken
504:Poultry
307:parrots
299:turkeys
278:Mammals
149:giblets
145:gigeria
124:gizzard
104:insects
100:stomach
90:, some
86:, some
36:gizzard
1359:
1255:
1228:
1220:
1183:
1142:
1108:
1076:
1066:
1058:
941:Mexico
898:turkey
884:Uganda
869:Uganda
833:Africa
820:pangra
816:jaatey
790:Kerala
786:pathri
736:batter
732:Taiwan
700:Kyushu
645:kosher
641:navels
584:France
542:Europe
470:a.k.a.
309:, and
184:pigeon
138:gésier
46:, and
1392:Offal
1226:S2CID
1218:JSTOR
1181:S2CID
1013:(PDF)
934:gumbo
930:sauce
904:. In
865:Kenya
839:Ghana
812:Nepal
801:kebab
778:India
763:Wuhan
759:Hubei
725:yasik
711:Korea
684:Japan
653:liver
615:offal
611:Italy
574:zúza
555:Spain
527:offal
519:Haiti
450:trout
311:ducks
200:Birds
142:Latin
131:giser
64:birds
52:organ
1357:ISBN
1253:ISBN
1140:ISBN
1106:ISBN
1074:PMID
1056:ISSN
952:roti
875:and
843:Togo
841:and
797:Iran
757:and
751:duck
721:anju
688:zuri
667:Asia
602:and
438:shad
424:Fish
321:and
295:emus
204:crop
167:(2)
106:and
92:fish
34:The
1210:doi
1173:doi
1064:PMC
1052:147
946:In
939:In
916:in
882:In
863:In
848:In
837:In
818:or
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795:In
745:In
730:In
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