977:
670:
1011:
933:
956:
754:
66:
868:
1180:
996:
523:
848:
830:
917:
883:
813:
88:
899:
1198:
708:, long-tongued flies and several others. In the temperate zones of Europe many of the hybrid large flowering sorts of gladiolus can be pollinated by small well-known wasps. Actually, they are not very good pollinators because of the large flowers of the plants and the small size of the wasps. Another insect in this zone which can try some of the nectar of the gladioli is the best-known European Hawk-moth
602:. The leaf blades can be plane or cruciform in cross section. The adaxial and abaxial surfaces of the leaf exhibit micro-striations with aligned micro-protrusions, which are coated with waxy nano-flakes. This three-level surface structure enables the leaf to shed rainfall droplets in a unidirectional manner due to anisotropic superhydrophobicity features, as reported by Mahesh C. Dubey
1038:
ground in regions with sufficiently dry winters. 'Nanus' is hardy to Zones 5–8. The large-flowered types require moisture during the growing season, and must be individually staked as soon as the sword-shaped flower heads appear. The leaves must be allowed to die down naturally before lifting and storing the corms. Plants are
976:
1037:
of most species and hybrids should be lifted in autumn and stored over winter in a frost-free place, then replanted in spring. Some species from Europe and high altitudes in Africa, as well as the small 'Nanus' hybrids, are much hardier (to at least −26 °C or −15 °F) and can be left in the
5229:
608:
The flowers of unmodified wild species vary from very small to perhaps 40 mm across, and inflorescences bearing anything from one to several flowers. The spectacular giant flower spikes in commerce are the products of centuries of hybridisation and selection.
775:
and a wide range of ornamental flower colours are available from the many varieties. The main hybrid groups have been obtained by crossing between four or five species, followed by selection: 'Grandiflorus', 'Primulines' and 'Nanus'. They can make very good
932:
1042:
either from small cormlets produced as offsets by the parent corms, or from seed. In either case, they take several years to get to flowering size. Clumps should be dug up and divided every few years to keep them vigorous.
1010:
4522:
Goldblatt, Peter; Manning, John C.; Bernhardt, Peter (October 1997). "Notes on the
Pollination of Gladiolus brevifolius (Iridaceae) by Bees (Anthophoridae) and Bee Mimicking Flies (Psilodera: Acroceridae)".
4944:(Routledge, 2003), p. 105, characterizing Pliny's entry on the plant as "confused." The correspondence of ancient plant names to modern species is always uncertain. Both the Greek
669:
955:
1280:
4062:
3867:
4201:
4052:
3677:
2731:
2639:
2609:
1936:
4221:
3617:
3536:
3476:
3395:
3119:
2268:
1821:
1414:
1302:
847:
4166:
3909:
3657:
3637:
3566:
3161:
3109:
3058:
2973:
2933:
2700:
2589:
2072:
2052:
1811:
1697:
1607:
1567:
1544:
1471:
1461:
1052:
4093:
3971:
3940:
3930:
3857:
3837:
3777:
3687:
3647:
3506:
3466:
3405:
3365:
3315:
3305:
2893:
2372:
2299:
2207:
2136:
1921:
1779:
1640:
1426:
1371:
4156:
4103:
3899:
3757:
3667:
3456:
3254:
3234:
3088:
3048:
3038:
2923:
2903:
2852:
2811:
2741:
2720:
2679:
2629:
2599:
2426:
2289:
2248:
2217:
2176:
2166:
2062:
2022:
2012:
1911:
1901:
1868:
1617:
1491:
1394:
1348:
1270:
1258:
415:
3981:
3807:
3747:
3697:
3586:
3446:
3204:
3141:
3099:
3003:
2983:
2913:
2791:
2751:
2649:
2547:
2497:
2436:
2392:
2382:
2186:
2115:
2042:
2002:
1961:
1951:
1801:
1791:
1721:
1677:
1630:
1597:
1555:
1451:
1404:
1358:
1290:
836:
4072:
4022:
4001:
3960:
3827:
3797:
3787:
3737:
3727:
3717:
3707:
3607:
3597:
3436:
3355:
3345:
3335:
3028:
2993:
2963:
2883:
2873:
2831:
2781:
2771:
2710:
2689:
2669:
2619:
2557:
2416:
2320:
2227:
1992:
1848:
1687:
1664:
1587:
4136:
4083:
4042:
4011:
3817:
3556:
3546:
3516:
3496:
3486:
3415:
3385:
3275:
3265:
3214:
3068:
2943:
2841:
2801:
2659:
2568:
2537:
2527:
2517:
2507:
2466:
2456:
2402:
2361:
2351:
2341:
2278:
2094:
2082:
1891:
1878:
1707:
1650:
1512:
1439:
3767:
3627:
3576:
3426:
3375:
3325:
3285:
3244:
3182:
3151:
3078:
2862:
2446:
2331:
2310:
2258:
2146:
2105:
1982:
1971:
1481:
684:
These flowers are variously coloured, ranging from pink to reddish or light purple with white, contrasting markings, or white to cream or orange to red.
4146:
4032:
3991:
3950:
3847:
3193:
2761:
2156:
1577:
1532:
1522:
1501:
1335:
4253:
3526:
2953:
1432:
5491:
1207:
1670:
1537:
4445:"Exceptional anisotropic superhydrophobicity of sword-lily striated leaf surface and soft lithographic biomimicking using polystyrene replica"
829:
5530:
1560:
464:
326:
178:
4829:
5216:
5133:
1179:
5001:
1231:
5566:
1419:
1295:
5439:
5353:
1166:
5504:
5452:
867:
1169:. This likely derives from their association with victory, from the time when gladiators were showered with them upon victory.
4732:
4316:
5509:
5348:
4340:
5115:
995:
632:. They are united at their base into a tube-shaped structure. The dorsal tepal is the largest, arching over the three
4907:
5610:
5535:
812:
5478:
4916:
5584:
5605:
4680:
2087:
5517:
2233:
1941:
1154:
is known to dance with gladioli hanging from his back pocket or in his hands, especially during the era of
5327:
5322:
5309:
4234:
1622:
1197:
1068:
5431:
5405:
898:
882:
5579:
5006:
4258:
1307:
31:
87:
5661:
5545:
5457:
5159:
1769:
795:
and possess 60 chromosomes (2n=4x=60). This is because the main parental species of these hybrids is
35:
4601:"Pollinator-mediated selection on flower-tube length in a hawkmoth-pollinated Gladiolus (Iridaceae)"
4757:
710:
17:
5070:
4181:
916:
5651:
5571:
5426:
4854:
3130:
1883:
1444:
395:
294:
801:
which is also tetraploid and includes a wide range of varieties (like the
Grandiflora hybrids).
5656:
5400:
5252:
4359:
in
Southern Africa : Systematics, Biology, and Evolution. Fernwood Press, Cape Town; 1998.
4114:
3295:
1858:
738:
5496:
5137:
4715:
4697:
4649:
4505:
4478:
4444:
4404:
5028:
3224:
1364:
1314:
1131:
was said to wear a wreath of what is traditionally identified as a type of
Gladiolus, called
1110:
1072:
548:
42:
5558:
5361:
5204:
in southern Africa: Systematics, Biology, and
Evolution, including 144 watercolor paintings
4833:
3878:
2487:
2241:
2196:
1713:
1341:
1263:
889:
753:
536:
It is sometimes called the 'sword lily', but is usually called by its generic name (plural
256:
46:
4992:
1252:
has been divided into many sections. Most species, however, are only tentatively placed.
65:
8:
5418:
5290:
4125:
3919:
3171:
2476:
1747:
1734:
1655:
1088:
855:
544:
5392:
4782:
696:
bees, but some changes in the pollination system have occurred, allowing pollination by
5646:
5618:
5413:
5093:
5045:
4962:
4625:
4600:
4576:
4551:
4532:
3013:
2578:
2125:
2032:
1831:
1743:– occurring in Darling, South Africa, and locally called the "blou pypie" ("blue pipe")
1383:
1241:
endemic to southern Africa, and 76 in tropical Africa. About 10 species are native to
962:
759:
543:
The genus occurs in Asia, Mediterranean Europe, South Africa, and tropical Africa. The
475:
233:
82:
74:
594:
are generally unbranched, producing 1 to 9 narrow, sword-shaped, longitudinal grooved
5553:
5335:
4898:
4695:
Ramon
Albajes, Maria Lodovica Gullino, Joop C. van Lenteren and Yigal Elad (Editors)
4676:
4630:
4581:
4336:
4312:
3888:
1931:
1758:
1159:
1128:
1117:
1039:
923:
797:
5623:
5340:
4620:
4612:
4571:
4563:
4456:
2821:
1324:
1212:
1189:
819:
772:
516:
5314:
5301:
4421:
4933:
4925:
2237:
1376:
1234:
had over 276 species in 1988, As of
February 2017, it accepted 300 species.
1106:
656:
530:
512:
506:
125:
5522:
4460:
1726:
1030:
652:
641:
522:
112:
4976:
4405:
Reconstructing the Tree of Life: Taxonomy and
Systematics of Species Rich Taxa
5640:
5275:
1836:
1739:
946:
246:
195:
138:
5597:
5119:
5033:
4902:
4804:
4720:
4702:
4654:
4634:
4616:
4585:
4510:
4483:
4409:
1841:
1124:
1099:
693:
203:
5237:
5465:
5284:
4912:
4567:
4552:"Radiation of Pollination Systems in the Iridaceae of sub-Saharan Africa"
4285:
1140:
777:
734:
148:
4536:
1120:'s signature flowers were gladioli, which she referred to as "gladdies".
5444:
4650:
Pest
Lepidoptera of Europe: With Special Reference to the British Isles
1155:
1147:
792:
788:
705:
645:
591:
168:
5470:
5387:
5374:
5188:. Tafelberg-Uitgewers Beperk 120 colour photographs and descriptions.
1151:
692:
The South
African species were originally pollinated by long-tongued
660:
599:
158:
5483:
5246:
587:) that are enveloped in several layers of brownish, fibrous tunics.
5592:
5269:
1060:
987:
967:
764:
677:
637:
5379:
5029:
Ornamental Geophytes: From Basic Science to Sustainable Production
1056:, which burrow into the flowers causing them to collapse and die.
1242:
1095:
784:
701:
697:
497:
451:
425:
336:
322:
284:
261:
1784:
1047:
742:
633:
629:
613:
584:
312:
5366:
4306:
1034:
730:
640:
is funnel-shaped, with the stamens attached to its base. The
625:
621:
617:
502:
492:
405:
273:
99:
4383:
Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Section B
1162:", where he swung a bunch of yellow gladioli while singing.
1158:. This trait of his was made known in the music video for "
663:
595:
580:
509:
4698:
Integrated Pest and Disease Management in Greenhouse Crops
1165:
Gladioli are traditionally given to people who finish the
945:'Priscilla' photographed in visible, ultraviolet (showing
714:
which usually pollinates many popular garden flowers like
648:, spoon-shaped branches, each expanding towards the apex.
598:, enclosed in a sheath. The lowest leaf is shortened to a
4521:
4506:
Somatic Embryogenesis in Ornamentals and Its Applications
616:, bisexual flowers, each subtended by 2 leathery, green
4369:
Goldblatt, P.; De Vos, M. P. (1989). "The reduction of
3926:(sect. Blandus) – large white Afrikaner, wall gladiolus
4309:
The Iris Family: Natural History & Classification
5227:
4872:(Leipzig, 1824), p. 13; "L'origine dei maccheroni,"
4763:. Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 43
4598:
4402:
Trevor R. Hodkinson and John A.N. Parnell (Editors)
1087:
Gladioli are the flowers associated with a fortieth
567:, formerly considered distinct, are now included in
4311:. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. pp. 138–42.
628:are almost identical in appearance, and are termed
5228:Dressler, S.; Schmidt, M. & Zizka, G. (2014).
4952:("little sword") come from a word meaning "sword."
30:Several terms redirect here. For other uses, see
5242:. Frankfurt/Main: Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg.
5202:Peter Goldblatt, J. C. Manning (1998). Gladiolus
4963:"Entertainment – Rainy-day voice of a generation"
4335:. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. 2007.
5638:
4549:
659:, containing many, winged brown, longitudinally
612:The flower spikes are large and one-sided, with
5046:"Gladiolus acuminatus F.Bolus – The Plant List"
4874:Archivo per lo studio delle tradizioni popolari
4868:(Paris, 1819), pp. 315–316; Julius Billerbeck,
4368:
2585:(sect. Gladiolus) – Italian gladiolus, cornflag
5186:The winter-growing Gladioli of Southern Africa
4985:
4716:Sphecid Wasps of the World: A Generic Revision
4333:Shorter Oxford English dictionary: 6th edition
2409:(sect. Linearifolius) – small pink Afrikaner,
783:The majority of the species in this genus are
5184:G. R. Delpierre and N. M. du Plessis (1974).
1063:have been developed, of which ‘Robinetta’ (a
5136:. the.botanical-magazine.com. Archived from
5026:Rina Kamenetsky and Hiroshi Okubo (Editors)
4300:
4261:: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
5091:
4550:Goldblatt, Peter; Manning, John C. (2006).
4525:Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society
4398:
4396:
3571:P.A.Duvign. & Van Bockstal ex S.Córdova
3380:P.A.Duvign. & Van Bockstal ex S.Córdova
2938:P.A.Duvign. & Van Bockstal ex S.Córdova
1916:P.A.Duvign. & Van Bockstal ex S.Córdova
1067:hybrid), with pink flowers, has gained the
636:. The outer three tepals are narrower. The
27:Genus of perennial cormous flowering plants
5002:World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
4472:
4470:
3189:(sect. Densiflorus) – goldblotch gladiolus
1232:World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
64:
5020:
4866:Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle
4624:
4575:
4377:, putative sunbird pollinated genera, in
1390:(sect. Blandus) – long-tubed painted lady
41:For the bacteria and fungus species, see
4666:
4664:
4662:
4499:
4497:
4495:
4493:
4491:
4393:
4307:Manning, John; Goldblatt, Peter (2008).
2968:G. Lewis ex Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
1978:(sect. Homoglossum) – small painted lady
1167:International Four Days Marches Nijmegen
1116:The Australian comedian and personality
1084:Gladiolus is the birth flower of August.
966:Bulbs of different sizes and ages (from
791:(2n=30) but the Grandiflora hybrids are
763:corms of different ages and sizes (from
752:
729:Gladioli are used as food plants by the
668:
521:
4599:Alexandersson, R; Johnson, SD. (2002).
4467:
4279:
4277:
3986:(G.J.Lewis) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
3802:(G. Lewis) Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
3370:(G. Lewis) Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
2857:(G. Lewis) Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
14:
5639:
1840:(sect. Gladiolus) – common cornflag, (
579:Gladioli grow from round, symmetrical
5251:
5250:
4942:Food in the Ancient World from A to Z
4725:
4670:
4659:
4488:
4442:
1102:composed a rag called “Gladiolus Rag”
861:from Curtis's Botanical Magazine 1801
841:from Curtis's Botanical Magazine 1790
5611:c22f939d-bedf-457b-ba4f-42a6328a19b0
5546:e1f028b9-644d-40b3-ad09-20d4fe77120e
4675:. Cassell and Co. pp. 170–172.
4274:
2461:(N.E.Br.) Goldblatt & M.P.de Vos
1765:(sect. Blandus) – large painted lady
655:is 3-locular with oblong or globose
5152:
4830:"Champions and their winning words"
4443:Dubey, Mahesh (19 September 2024).
4355:Goldblatt, P. &, J.C. Manning.
4141:(Baker) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
3593:– Saunders' gladiolus, Lesotho lily
3561:(Klatt) Goldblatt & M.P. de Vos
24:
5585:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30066908-2
4897:, generally called "corn-flag" by
4832:. spellingbee.com/. Archived from
4424:. wordpress.com. 11 September 2011
4362:
4246:
3330:(N. E. Br.) Goldblatt & De Vos
25:
5673:
5210:
4349:
4283:
3976:(L. Bolus) Goldblatt & De Vos
1109:correctly spelled to win the 1st
5221:in GBIF Biodiversity Data Portal
2285:(sect. Homoglossum) – reed bells
1230:contains about 300 species, the
1196:
1178:
1009:
994:
975:
954:
931:
915:
897:
881:
866:
846:
828:
811:
443:Salisb. ex N.E.Br., nom. illeg.
86:
5197:in tropical Africa (83 species)
5178:
5126:
5108:
5085:
5063:
5038:
4969:
4955:
4879:
4859:
4848:
4822:
4797:
4775:
4750:
4707:
4689:
4641:
4592:
4543:
4515:
3531:Lichtst. ex Roem. & Schult.
771:Gladioli have been extensively
748:
5239:African plants – a Photo Guide
5092:Foden, W.; Potter, L. (2005).
4940:79, as cited by Andrew Dalby,
4855:Dame Edna Everage and gladioli
4436:
4414:
4325:
3904:P.A.Duvign. & Van Bockstal
2664:P.A.Duvign. & Van Bockstal
1285:P.A.Duvign. & Van Bockstal
1024:
574:
13:
1:
4239:
3024:) – Abyssinian gladiolus
1078:
1050:, (thrip simplex), and wasps
5206:. Cape Town: Fernwood Press.
3692:Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
3511:Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
3249:Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
3209:Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
2806:Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
2532:Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
2522:Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
2336:Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
1754:(sect. Blandus) – cliff lily
1275:(Brongn. ex Lem.) B.D.Jacks.
7:
4876:17 (1898), vol. 36, p. 428.
4671:Lloyd, Christopher (2000).
4381:L. (Iridaceae-Ixioideae)".
4235:List of Gladiolus cultivars
4088:Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
3612:Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
3602:Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
3451:J.C.Manning & Goldblatt
3431:Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
3290:Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
2624:Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
2191:Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
2181:Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
2057:Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
2047:Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
1456:Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
1281:Gladiolus actinomorphanthus
1069:Royal Horticultural Society
10:
5678:
5007:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
4259:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
4232:
4063:Gladiolus violaceolineatus
3868:Gladiolus trichonemifolius
3166:Goldblatt & M.P.de Vos
2441:(Welw. ex Baker) Goldblatt
1592:Goldblatt & M.P.de Vos
1221:
876:hybrid, Grandiflorus group
853:Waved-flowered Gladiolus (
804:
687:
40:
32:Gladiolus (disambiguation)
29:
5259:
5193:A monograph of the genus
5191:Peter Goldblatt (1996).
4758:"AGM Plants – Ornamental"
4053:Gladiolus vinosomaculatus
3678:Gladiolus sericeovillosus
2732:Gladiolus longispathaceus
2640:Gladiolus lapeirousioides
2610:Gladiolus kamiesbergensis
1770:Gladiolus caryophyllaceus
1237:There are 260 species of
1105:"Gladiolus" was the word
239:
232:
225:
220:
209:
202:
83:Scientific classification
81:
72:
63:
56:
36:Gladiola (disambiguation)
4461:10.1088/1402-4896/ad7549
4371:Oenostachys, Homoglossum
3618:Gladiolus schweinfurthii
3537:Gladiolus rufomarginatus
3477:Gladiolus robiliartianus
3396:Gladiolus quadrangularis
3120:Gladiolus oppositiflorus
2269:Gladiolus goldblattianus
1822:Gladiolus chevalierianus
1415:Gladiolus appendiculatus
1303:Gladiolus aequinoctialis
711:Macroglossum stellatarum
4198:): Colville's gladiolus
4177:Known hybrids include:
4167:Gladiolus zimbabweensis
4121:– Mackinder's gladiolus
4027:De Wild. & T.Durand
3910:Gladiolus uitenhagensis
3658:Gladiolus serapiiflorus
3638:Gladiolus sekukuniensis
3567:Gladiolus salmoneicolor
3162:Gladiolus overbergensis
3131:Gladiolus orchidiflorus
3110:Gladiolus oligophlebius
3059:Gladiolus nigromontanus
2974:Gladiolus mosambicensis
2934:Gladiolus microspicatus
2701:Gladiolus linearifolius
2590:Gladiolus jonquilodorus
2073:Gladiolus dzavakheticus
2053:Gladiolus dolichosiphon
1812:Gladiolus chelamontanus
1698:Gladiolus canaliculatus
1608:Gladiolus brachyphyllus
1568:Gladiolus blommesteinii
1545:Gladiolus benguellensis
1472:Gladiolus atroviolaceus
1462:Gladiolus atropurpureus
1053:Dasyproctus bipunctatus
4783:"August Birth Flowers"
4617:10.1098/rspb.2001.1928
4422:"The Purple Gladiolus"
4216:G. oppositiflorus
4115:Gladiolus watsonioides
4094:Gladiolus viridiflorus
3972:Gladiolus vandermerwei
3941:Gladiolus usambarensis
3931:Gladiolus unguiculatus
3862:Goldblatt & De Vos
3858:Gladiolus teretifolius
3838:Gladiolus taubertianus
3778:Gladiolus subcaeruleus
3702:Goldblatt & Thulin
3688:Gladiolus serpenticola
3648:Gladiolus sempervirens
3507:Gladiolus roseovenosus
3467:Gladiolus robertsoniae
3406:Gladiolus quadrangulus
3366:Gladiolus pulcherrimus
3316:Gladiolus pretoriensis
3306:Gladiolus praecostatus
3296:Gladiolus pole-evansii
2894:Gladiolus meridionalis
2373:Gladiolus hajastanicus
2300:Gladiolus grandiflorus
2208:Gladiolus flavoviridis
2137:Gladiolus erectiflorus
1922:Gladiolus cylindraceus
1859:Gladiolus crassifolius
1780:Gladiolus cataractarum
1641:Gladiolus buckerveldii
1427:Gladiolus aquamontanus
1372:Gladiolus andringitrae
1186:Vase with Red Gladioli
768:
739:Large Yellow Underwing
737:species including the
681:
533:
4157:Gladiolus zambesiacus
4104:Gladiolus watermeyeri
3900:Gladiolus tshombeanus
3758:Gladiolus stenosiphon
3668:Gladiolus serenjensis
3457:Gladiolus richardsiae
3400:(Burm. f.) Ker Gawler
3255:Gladiolus permeabilis
3235:Gladiolus pauciflorus
3225:Gladiolus patersoniae
3089:Gladiolus ochroleucus
3049:Gladiolus nerineoides
3039:Gladiolus negeliensis
2924:Gladiolus microcarpus
2904:Gladiolus metallicola
2888:(Schweinf.) Goldblatt
2853:Gladiolus meliusculus
2812:Gladiolus manikaensis
2742:Gladiolus loteniensis
2721:Gladiolus longicollis
2680:Gladiolus leptosiphon
2630:Gladiolus kotschyanus
2600:Gladiolus juncifolius
2427:Gladiolus horombensis
2368:(sect. Linearifolius)
2290:Gladiolus gracillimus
2249:Gladiolus gandavensis
2218:Gladiolus floribundus
2177:Gladiolus ferrugineus
2167:Gladiolus fenestratus
2063:Gladiolus dolomiticus
2023:Gladiolus deserticola
2013:Gladiolus densiflorus
1912:Gladiolus curtilimbus
1902:Gladiolus curtifolius
1869:Gladiolus crispulatus
1626:(sect. Linearifolius)
1618:Gladiolus brevifolius
1492:Gladiolus aurantiacus
1395:Gladiolus antakiensis
1349:Gladiolus amplifolius
1315:Gladiolus aladagensis
1271:Gladiolus abyssinicus
1259:Gladiolus abbreviatus
1111:National Spelling Bee
1073:Award of Garden Merit
1046:They are affected by
949:), and infrared light
756:
672:
549:Cape Floristic Region
525:
43:Burkholderia gladioli
5160:"Gladiolus communis"
5134:"Gladiolus Communis"
5096:. redlist.sanbi.org/
5071:"Gladiolus bullatus"
4981:– via YouTube.
4899:historical botanists
4284:Perry, Dr. Leonard.
3982:Gladiolus variegatus
3955:L. Bolus ex G. Lewis
3914:Goldblatt & Vlok
3879:Gladiolus triphyllus
3808:Gladiolus sulculatus
3748:Gladiolus stenolobus
3698:Gladiolus somalensis
3587:Gladiolus saundersii
3447:Gladiolus rhodanthus
3205:Gladiolus pardalinus
3142:Gladiolus oreocharis
3100:Gladiolus oliganthus
3004:Gladiolus murgusicus
2984:Gladiolus mostertiae
2914:Gladiolus micranthus
2792:Gladiolus magnificus
2752:Gladiolus lundaensis
2746:Hilliard & Burtt
2650:Gladiolus laxiflorus
2548:Gladiolus invenustus
2498:Gladiolus inandensis
2488:Gladiolus imbricatus
2437:Gladiolus huillensis
2393:Gladiolus harmsianus
2383:Gladiolus halophilus
2197:Gladiolus flanaganii
2187:Gladiolus filiformis
2116:Gladiolus engysiphon
2043:Gladiolus diluvialis
2003:Gladiolus delpierrei
1962:Gladiolus debeerstii
1952:Gladiolus davisoniae
1802:Gladiolus ceresianus
1792:Gladiolus caucasicus
1722:Gladiolus cardinalis
1678:Gladiolus calcaratus
1645:(L. Bolus) Goldblatt
1631:Gladiolus brevitubus
1598:Gladiolus boranensis
1556:Gladiolus bilineatus
1452:Gladiolus atropictus
1405:Gladiolus antandroyi
1359:Gladiolus anatolicus
1319:Eker & Sağıroğlu
1291:Gladiolus acuminatus
890:Gladiolus imbricatus
837:Gladiolus cardinalis
495:, the diminutive of
257:Christoph Jakob Trew
227:About 260, see text
47:Penicillium gladioli
4965:. BBC. 17 May 2004.
4948:and the Latin word
4885:Ancient sources on
4836:on 17 November 2012
4809:Library of Congress
4733:"RHS Plantfinder –
4218:) (sect. Ophiolyza)
4132:(sect. Homoglossum)
4126:Gladiolus watsonius
4073:Gladiolus virescens
4023:Gladiolus verdickii
4002:Gladiolus velutinus
3967:(sect. Homoglossum)
3961:Gladiolus vaginatus
3945:Marais ex Goldblatt
3920:Gladiolus undulatus
3895:(sect. Homoglossum)
3874:(sect. Homoglossum)
3828:Gladiolus szovitsii
3798:Gladiolus sufflavus
3788:Gladiolus sudanicus
3738:Gladiolus stellatus
3728:Gladiolus stefaniae
3718:Gladiolus splendens
3708:Gladiolus speciosus
3608:Gladiolus scabridus
3598:Gladiolus saxatilis
3437:Gladiolus rehmannii
3422:(sect. Homoglossum)
3410:(Delaroche) Barnard
3356:Gladiolus pubigerus
3346:Gladiolus puberulus
3336:Gladiolus pritzelii
3172:Gladiolus palustris
3095:(sect. Densiflorus)
3029:Gladiolus mutabilis
3022:G. callianthus
2994:Gladiolus muenzneri
2964:Gladiolus monticola
2884:Gladiolus mensensis
2874:Gladiolus menitskyi
2848:(sect. Homoglossum)
2832:Gladiolus marlothii
2782:Gladiolus maculatus
2772:Gladiolus macneilii
2727:(sect. Homoglossum)
2711:Gladiolus lithicola
2696:(sect. Homoglossum)
2690:Gladiolus liliaceus
2670:Gladiolus leonensis
2620:Gladiolus karooicus
2558:Gladiolus involutus
2477:Gladiolus illyricus
2417:Gladiolus hollandii
2387:Boiss. & Heldr.
2327:(sect. Densiflorus)
2321:Gladiolus gregarius
2228:Gladiolus fourcadei
2203:– suicide gladiolus
2037:(Bullock) Goldblatt
1993:Gladiolus decoratus
1849:Gladiolus comptonii
1748:Gladiolus carmineus
1735:Gladiolus carinatus
1688:Gladiolus calcicola
1665:Gladiolus caeruleus
1660:– Caledon bluebell.
1588:Gladiolus bonaespei
1089:wedding anniversary
856:Gladiolus undulatus
545:center of diversity
304:Sweet, nom. inval.
5122:on 28 August 2017.
5094:"Caledon Bluebell"
4908:Historia Plantarum
4568:10.1093/aob/mcj040
4503:A. Mujib (Editor)
4192:G. cardinalis
4137:Gladiolus wilsonii
4084:Gladiolus virgatus
4043:Gladiolus vigilans
4012:Gladiolus venustus
3818:Gladiolus symonsii
3557:Gladiolus saccatus
3547:Gladiolus rupicola
3517:Gladiolus rubellus
3497:Gladiolus roseolus
3487:Gladiolus rogersii
3416:Gladiolus recurvus
3386:Gladiolus pusillus
3276:Gladiolus persicus
3266:Gladiolus perrieri
3215:Gladiolus parvulus
3069:Gladiolus nyasicus
3014:Gladiolus murielae
2944:Gladiolus miniatus
2842:Gladiolus martleyi
2802:Gladiolus malvinus
2660:Gladiolus ledoctei
2594:Eckl. ex G.J.Lewis
2579:Gladiolus italicus
2569:Gladiolus iroensis
2538:Gladiolus intonsus
2528:Gladiolus insolens
2518:Gladiolus inflexus
2508:Gladiolus inflatus
2467:Gladiolus hyalinus
2457:Gladiolus huttonii
2403:Gladiolus hirsutus
2362:Gladiolus guthriei
2352:Gladiolus gunnisii
2342:Gladiolus gueinzii
2279:Gladiolus gracilis
2126:Gladiolus equitans
2095:Gladiolus elliotii
2083:Gladiolus ecklonii
2033:Gladiolus dichrous
1892:Gladiolus cunonius
1879:Gladiolus cruentus
1832:Gladiolus communis
1708:Gladiolus candidus
1651:Gladiolus bullatus
1513:Gladiolus balensis
1508:– golden gladiolus
1440:Gladiolus arcuatus
1384:Gladiolus angustus
1018:Gladiolus italicus
1002:Gladiolus italicus
984:Gladiolus italicus
963:Gladiolus italicus
823:, Clanwilliam, RSA
769:
760:Gladiolus italicus
682:
674:Gladiolus italicus
534:
527:Gladiolus italicus
211:Gladiolus communis
75:Gladiolus italicus
5634:
5633:
5554:Open Tree of Life
5253:Taxon identifiers
4918:De Materia Medica
4611:(1491): 631–636.
4605:Proc R Soc Lond B
4318:978-0-88192-897-6
4172:
4162:
4152:
4142:
4131:
4120:
4109:
4099:
4089:
4078:
4068:
4058:
4048:
4038:
4028:
4017:
4007:
3997:
3987:
3977:
3966:
3956:
3946:
3936:
3925:
3915:
3905:
3894:
3889:Gladiolus tristis
3884:
3873:
3863:
3853:
3843:
3833:
3823:
3813:
3803:
3793:
3783:
3773:
3768:Gladiolus stokoei
3763:
3753:
3743:
3733:
3723:
3713:
3703:
3693:
3683:
3673:
3663:
3653:
3643:
3633:
3628:Gladiolus scullyi
3623:
3613:
3603:
3592:
3582:
3577:Gladiolus salteri
3572:
3562:
3552:
3542:
3532:
3522:
3512:
3502:
3492:
3482:
3472:
3462:
3452:
3442:
3432:
3427:Gladiolus reginae
3421:
3411:
3401:
3391:
3381:
3376:Gladiolus pungens
3371:
3361:
3351:
3341:
3331:
3326:Gladiolus priorii
3321:
3311:
3301:
3291:
3286:Gladiolus phoenix
3281:
3271:
3260:
3250:
3245:Gladiolus pavonia
3240:
3230:
3220:
3210:
3199:
3188:
3183:Gladiolus papilio
3178:– marsh gladiolus
3177:
3167:
3157:
3152:Gladiolus ornatus
3147:
3136:
3126:(sect. Ophiolyza)
3125:
3115:
3105:
3094:
3084:
3079:Gladiolus oatesii
3074:
3064:
3054:
3044:
3034:
3019:
3009:
2999:
2989:
2979:
2969:
2959:
2949:
2939:
2929:
2919:
2909:
2899:
2889:
2879:
2869:(sect. Ophiolyza)
2868:
2863:Gladiolus melleri
2858:
2847:
2837:
2827:
2817:
2807:
2797:
2796:(Harms) Goldblatt
2787:
2777:
2767:
2757:
2747:
2737:
2726:
2716:
2706:
2695:
2685:
2675:
2665:
2655:
2645:
2635:
2625:
2615:
2605:
2595:
2584:
2574:
2573:(A. Chev.) Marais
2563:
2553:
2543:
2533:
2523:
2513:
2503:
2493:
2482:
2472:
2462:
2452:
2447:Gladiolus humilis
2442:
2432:
2422:
2408:
2398:
2388:
2378:
2367:
2357:
2347:
2337:
2332:Gladiolus griseus
2326:
2316:
2311:Gladiolus grantii
2305:
2295:
2284:
2274:
2264:
2259:Gladiolus geardii
2244:
2223:
2213:
2202:
2192:
2182:
2172:
2162:
2152:
2147:Gladiolus exiguus
2142:
2131:
2121:
2111:
2106:Gladiolus emiliae
2101:(sect. Ophiolyza)
2100:
2090:
2078:
2068:
2058:
2048:
2038:
2028:
2018:
2008:
1998:
1988:
1983:Gladiolus decaryi
1977:
1972:Gladiolus debilis
1967:
1957:
1947:(sect. Ophiolyza)
1946:
1932:Gladiolus dalenii
1927:
1917:
1907:
1897:
1887:(sect. Ophiolyza)
1886:
1874:
1864:
1854:
1839:
1827:
1817:
1807:
1797:
1787:
1775:
1774:(Burm. f.) Poiret
1764:
1759:Gladiolus carneus
1753:
1742:
1729:
1717:
1703:
1693:
1683:
1673:
1659:
1646:
1636:
1625:
1613:
1603:
1593:
1583:
1582:(Baker) Goldblatt
1573:
1563:
1551:(sect. Ophiolyza)
1550:
1540:
1528:
1518:
1507:
1497:
1487:
1482:Gladiolus attilae
1477:
1467:
1457:
1447:
1435:
1422:
1410:
1400:
1389:
1379:
1367:
1354:
1344:
1330:
1320:
1310:
1298:
1286:
1276:
1266:
1160:This Charming Man
1118:Dame Edna Everage
924:Gladiolus carneus
798:Gladiolus dalenii
484:
483:
478:
467:
454:
444:
436:
428:
418:
408:
398:
387:
379:
371:
363:
355:
347:
339:
329:
315:
305:
297:
287:
277:
266:
249:
198:
16:(Redirected from
5669:
5662:Iridaceae genera
5627:
5626:
5614:
5613:
5601:
5600:
5588:
5587:
5575:
5574:
5562:
5561:
5549:
5548:
5539:
5538:
5526:
5525:
5523:NHMSYS0000459069
5513:
5512:
5500:
5499:
5487:
5486:
5474:
5473:
5461:
5460:
5448:
5447:
5435:
5434:
5422:
5421:
5409:
5408:
5396:
5395:
5383:
5382:
5370:
5369:
5357:
5356:
5344:
5343:
5331:
5330:
5318:
5317:
5305:
5304:
5295:
5294:
5293:
5280:
5279:
5278:
5248:
5247:
5243:
5172:
5171:
5169:
5167:
5156:
5150:
5149:
5147:
5145:
5130:
5124:
5123:
5118:. Archived from
5112:
5106:
5105:
5103:
5101:
5089:
5083:
5082:
5080:
5078:
5067:
5061:
5060:
5058:
5056:
5050:theplantlist.org
5042:
5036:
5024:
5018:
5017:
5015:
5013:
4989:
4983:
4982:
4973:
4967:
4966:
4959:
4953:
4883:
4877:
4863:
4857:
4852:
4846:
4845:
4843:
4841:
4826:
4820:
4819:
4817:
4815:
4801:
4795:
4794:
4792:
4790:
4779:
4773:
4772:
4770:
4768:
4762:
4754:
4748:
4747:
4745:
4743:
4729:
4723:
4713:Arnold S. Menke
4711:
4705:
4693:
4687:
4686:
4668:
4657:
4647:David J. Carter
4645:
4639:
4638:
4628:
4596:
4590:
4589:
4579:
4547:
4541:
4540:
4519:
4513:
4501:
4486:
4474:
4465:
4464:
4440:
4434:
4433:
4431:
4429:
4418:
4412:
4400:
4391:
4390:
4366:
4360:
4353:
4347:
4346:
4329:
4323:
4322:
4304:
4298:
4297:
4295:
4293:
4281:
4272:
4271:
4269:
4267:
4250:
4170:
4160:
4150:
4147:Gladiolus woodii
4140:
4129:
4118:
4107:
4097:
4087:
4076:
4066:
4056:
4046:
4036:
4033:Gladiolus vernus
4026:
4015:
4005:
3995:
3992:Gladiolus varius
3985:
3975:
3964:
3954:
3951:Gladiolus uysiae
3944:
3934:
3923:
3913:
3903:
3892:
3882:
3871:
3861:
3851:
3848:Gladiolus tenuis
3841:
3831:
3821:
3811:
3801:
3791:
3781:
3771:
3761:
3751:
3741:
3731:
3721:
3711:
3701:
3691:
3681:
3671:
3661:
3651:
3641:
3631:
3621:
3611:
3601:
3590:
3580:
3570:
3560:
3550:
3540:
3530:
3520:
3510:
3500:
3490:
3480:
3470:
3460:
3450:
3440:
3430:
3419:
3409:
3399:
3389:
3379:
3369:
3359:
3349:
3339:
3329:
3319:
3309:
3299:
3289:
3279:
3269:
3258:
3248:
3238:
3228:
3218:
3208:
3197:
3194:Gladiolus pappei
3186:
3175:
3165:
3155:
3145:
3134:
3123:
3113:
3103:
3092:
3082:
3072:
3062:
3052:
3042:
3032:
3017:
3007:
2997:
2987:
2977:
2967:
2957:
2947:
2937:
2927:
2917:
2907:
2897:
2887:
2877:
2866:
2856:
2845:
2835:
2825:
2822:Gladiolus mariae
2815:
2805:
2795:
2785:
2775:
2765:
2762:Gladiolus luteus
2755:
2745:
2735:
2724:
2714:
2704:
2693:
2683:
2673:
2663:
2653:
2643:
2633:
2623:
2613:
2603:
2593:
2582:
2572:
2561:
2551:
2541:
2531:
2521:
2511:
2501:
2491:
2483:– wild gladiolus
2480:
2470:
2460:
2450:
2440:
2430:
2420:
2406:
2396:
2386:
2376:
2365:
2355:
2345:
2335:
2324:
2314:
2303:
2293:
2282:
2272:
2262:
2254:
2231:
2221:
2211:
2200:
2190:
2180:
2170:
2160:
2157:Gladiolus exilis
2150:
2140:
2129:
2119:
2109:
2098:
2086:
2076:
2066:
2056:
2046:
2036:
2026:
2016:
2006:
1996:
1986:
1975:
1965:
1955:
1945:
1935:
1925:
1915:
1905:
1895:
1882:
1872:
1862:
1852:
1835:
1825:
1815:
1805:
1795:
1783:
1773:
1762:
1751:
1738:
1725:
1711:
1701:
1691:
1681:
1669:Goldblatt &
1668:
1654:
1644:
1634:
1621:
1611:
1601:
1591:
1581:
1578:Gladiolus bojeri
1571:
1559:
1548:
1536:
1533:Gladiolus bellus
1526:
1523:Gladiolus baumii
1516:
1505:
1502:Gladiolus aureus
1495:
1485:
1475:
1465:
1455:
1443:
1431:Goldblatt &
1430:
1418:
1408:
1398:
1387:
1375:
1362:
1352:
1340:Goldblatt &
1339:
1336:Gladiolus albens
1328:
1325:Gladiolus alatus
1318:
1306:
1294:
1284:
1274:
1262:
1216:
1200:
1190:Vincent van Gogh
1182:
1174:Gladiolus in art
1059:Numerous garden
1013:
998:
979:
958:
935:
919:
901:
885:
870:
850:
832:
820:Gladiolus alatus
815:
741:, and gladiolus
513:flowering plants
501:, a sword) is a
474:
463:
450:
442:
434:
424:
414:
404:
393:
385:
377:
369:
361:
353:
345:
335:
321:
311:
303:
293:
283:
272:
265:
255:
245:
194:
91:
90:
68:
54:
53:
21:
5677:
5676:
5672:
5671:
5670:
5668:
5667:
5666:
5637:
5636:
5635:
5630:
5622:
5617:
5609:
5604:
5596:
5591:
5583:
5578:
5570:
5565:
5557:
5552:
5544:
5542:
5534:
5529:
5521:
5516:
5508:
5503:
5495:
5490:
5482:
5477:
5469:
5464:
5456:
5451:
5443:
5438:
5430:
5425:
5417:
5412:
5404:
5399:
5391:
5386:
5378:
5373:
5365:
5360:
5352:
5347:
5339:
5334:
5326:
5321:
5313:
5308:
5300:
5298:
5289:
5288:
5283:
5274:
5273:
5268:
5255:
5213:
5181:
5176:
5175:
5165:
5163:
5158:
5157:
5153:
5143:
5141:
5140:on 3 March 2018
5132:
5131:
5127:
5116:"More About Us"
5114:
5113:
5109:
5099:
5097:
5090:
5086:
5076:
5074:
5069:
5068:
5064:
5054:
5052:
5044:
5043:
5039:
5025:
5021:
5011:
5009:
4991:
4990:
4986:
4975:
4974:
4970:
4961:
4960:
4956:
4934:Pseudo-Apuleius
4930:Natural History
4884:
4880:
4864:
4860:
4853:
4849:
4839:
4837:
4828:
4827:
4823:
4813:
4811:
4805:"Gladiolus Rag"
4803:
4802:
4798:
4788:
4786:
4781:
4780:
4776:
4766:
4764:
4760:
4756:
4755:
4751:
4741:
4739:
4731:
4730:
4726:
4712:
4708:
4694:
4690:
4683:
4669:
4660:
4646:
4642:
4597:
4593:
4548:
4544:
4520:
4516:
4502:
4489:
4476:William Berman
4475:
4468:
4449:Physica Scripta
4441:
4437:
4427:
4425:
4420:
4419:
4415:
4401:
4394:
4367:
4363:
4354:
4350:
4343:
4331:
4330:
4326:
4319:
4305:
4301:
4291:
4289:
4282:
4275:
4265:
4263:
4252:
4251:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4212:G. dalenii
4196:G. tristis
4175:
3883:(Sm.) Ker Gawl.
3722:(Sweet) Herbert
3527:Gladiolus rudis
3200:(sect. Blandus)
2954:Gladiolus mirus
2356:(Rendle) Marais
2306:(sect. Blandus)
2252:
1939:
1730:(sect. Blandus)
1224:
1217:
1210:
1201:
1192:
1183:
1107:Frank Neuhauser
1081:
1031:temperate zones
1027:
1020:
1014:
1005:
999:
990:
980:
971:
959:
950:
936:
927:
920:
911:
902:
893:
886:
877:
871:
862:
860:
851:
842:
840:
833:
824:
816:
807:
751:
690:
577:
259:
216:
213:
193:
85:
50:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5675:
5665:
5664:
5659:
5654:
5652:Cormous plants
5649:
5632:
5631:
5629:
5628:
5624:wfo-4000015694
5615:
5602:
5589:
5576:
5563:
5550:
5540:
5527:
5514:
5501:
5488:
5475:
5462:
5449:
5436:
5423:
5410:
5397:
5384:
5371:
5358:
5345:
5332:
5319:
5306:
5296:
5281:
5265:
5263:
5257:
5256:
5245:
5244:
5224:
5223:
5212:
5211:External links
5209:
5208:
5207:
5200:
5199:. Timber Press
5189:
5180:
5177:
5174:
5173:
5151:
5125:
5107:
5084:
5062:
5037:
5019:
4984:
4968:
4954:
4878:
4870:Flora classica
4858:
4847:
4821:
4796:
4774:
4749:
4724:
4706:
4688:
4681:
4673:Garden Flowers
4658:
4640:
4591:
4562:(3): 317–344.
4542:
4531:(4): 297–304.
4514:
4487:
4479:How to Dissect
4466:
4435:
4413:
4392:
4361:
4348:
4342:978-0199206872
4341:
4324:
4317:
4299:
4273:
4244:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4231:
4230:
4219:
4199:
4174:
4173:
4163:
4153:
4143:
4133:
4122:
4111:
4100:
4090:
4080:
4069:
4059:
4049:
4039:
4029:
4019:
4008:
3998:
3988:
3978:
3968:
3957:
3947:
3937:
3927:
3916:
3906:
3896:
3885:
3875:
3864:
3854:
3844:
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3824:
3814:
3804:
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3784:
3774:
3764:
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3604:
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3523:
3513:
3503:
3493:
3483:
3473:
3463:
3453:
3443:
3433:
3423:
3412:
3402:
3392:
3382:
3372:
3362:
3352:
3342:
3332:
3322:
3312:
3302:
3292:
3282:
3272:
3262:
3251:
3241:
3239:Baker ex Oliv.
3231:
3221:
3211:
3201:
3190:
3179:
3168:
3158:
3148:
3138:
3127:
3116:
3106:
3096:
3085:
3075:
3065:
3055:
3045:
3035:
3025:
3010:
3000:
2990:
2980:
2970:
2960:
2950:
2940:
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2910:
2900:
2890:
2880:
2870:
2859:
2849:
2838:
2828:
2818:
2808:
2798:
2788:
2778:
2768:
2758:
2748:
2738:
2728:
2717:
2707:
2697:
2686:
2676:
2666:
2656:
2646:
2636:
2626:
2616:
2606:
2596:
2586:
2575:
2565:
2554:
2544:
2534:
2524:
2514:
2504:
2494:
2484:
2473:
2463:
2453:
2443:
2433:
2423:
2413:
2399:
2389:
2379:
2369:
2358:
2348:
2338:
2328:
2325:Welw. ex Baker
2317:
2307:
2296:
2286:
2275:
2265:
2255:
2245:
2224:
2214:
2204:
2193:
2183:
2173:
2163:
2153:
2143:
2133:
2122:
2112:
2102:
2091:
2079:
2069:
2059:
2049:
2039:
2029:
2019:
2009:
1999:
1989:
1979:
1968:
1958:
1948:
1928:
1918:
1908:
1898:
1888:
1875:
1865:
1855:
1845:
1828:
1818:
1808:
1798:
1788:
1776:
1766:
1755:
1744:
1731:
1718:
1704:
1694:
1684:
1674:
1661:
1647:
1637:
1627:
1614:
1604:
1594:
1584:
1574:
1564:
1552:
1541:
1529:
1519:
1509:
1498:
1488:
1478:
1468:
1458:
1448:
1436:
1423:
1411:
1401:
1391:
1380:
1368:
1355:
1345:
1332:
1321:
1311:
1299:
1287:
1277:
1267:
1254:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1218:
1202:
1195:
1193:
1184:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1163:
1144:
1121:
1114:
1103:
1092:
1085:
1080:
1077:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1021:
1015:
1008:
1006:
1000:
993:
991:
981:
974:
972:
960:
953:
951:
937:
930:
928:
921:
914:
912:
903:
896:
894:
887:
880:
878:
872:
865:
863:
852:
845:
843:
834:
827:
825:
817:
810:
806:
803:
750:
747:
689:
686:
576:
573:
531:Behbahan, Iran
482:
481:
480:
479:
468:
456:
455:
445:
437:
429:
419:
409:
399:
388:
380:
372:
364:
356:
348:
340:
330:
316:
306:
298:
288:
278:
276:, nom. illeg.
267:
253:Liliogladiolus
250:
237:
236:
230:
229:
223:
222:
218:
217:
214:
207:
206:
200:
199:
186:
182:
181:
176:
172:
171:
166:
162:
161:
156:
152:
151:
146:
142:
141:
136:
129:
128:
123:
116:
115:
110:
103:
102:
97:
93:
92:
79:
78:
70:
69:
61:
60:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5674:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5657:Garden plants
5655:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5645:
5644:
5642:
5625:
5620:
5616:
5612:
5607:
5603:
5599:
5594:
5590:
5586:
5581:
5577:
5573:
5568:
5564:
5560:
5555:
5551:
5547:
5541:
5537:
5532:
5528:
5524:
5519:
5515:
5511:
5506:
5502:
5498:
5493:
5489:
5485:
5480:
5476:
5472:
5467:
5463:
5459:
5454:
5450:
5446:
5441:
5437:
5433:
5428:
5424:
5420:
5415:
5411:
5407:
5402:
5398:
5394:
5389:
5385:
5381:
5376:
5372:
5368:
5363:
5359:
5355:
5350:
5346:
5342:
5337:
5333:
5329:
5324:
5320:
5316:
5311:
5307:
5303:
5297:
5292:
5286:
5282:
5277:
5271:
5267:
5266:
5264:
5262:
5258:
5254:
5249:
5241:
5240:
5235:
5233:
5226:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5215:
5214:
5205:
5201:
5198:
5194:
5190:
5187:
5183:
5182:
5161:
5155:
5139:
5135:
5129:
5121:
5117:
5111:
5095:
5088:
5072:
5066:
5051:
5047:
5041:
5035:
5031:
5030:
5023:
5008:
5004:
5003:
4998:
4996:
4988:
4980:
4979:
4972:
4964:
4958:
4951:
4947:
4943:
4939:
4935:
4931:
4927:
4923:
4920:
4919:
4914:
4910:
4909:
4904:
4900:
4896:
4892:
4888:
4882:
4875:
4871:
4867:
4862:
4856:
4851:
4835:
4831:
4825:
4810:
4806:
4800:
4785:. almanac.com
4784:
4778:
4759:
4753:
4738:
4736:
4728:
4722:
4719:, p. 420, at
4718:
4717:
4710:
4704:
4701:, p. 513, at
4700:
4699:
4692:
4684:
4678:
4674:
4667:
4665:
4663:
4656:
4653:, p. 302, at
4652:
4651:
4644:
4636:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4618:
4614:
4610:
4606:
4602:
4595:
4587:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4569:
4565:
4561:
4557:
4553:
4546:
4538:
4534:
4530:
4526:
4518:
4512:
4509:, p. 188, at
4508:
4507:
4500:
4498:
4496:
4494:
4492:
4485:
4482:, p. 207, at
4481:
4480:
4473:
4471:
4462:
4458:
4454:
4450:
4446:
4439:
4423:
4417:
4411:
4408:, p. 158, at
4407:
4406:
4399:
4397:
4389:(4): 417–428.
4388:
4384:
4380:
4376:
4372:
4365:
4358:
4352:
4344:
4338:
4334:
4328:
4320:
4314:
4310:
4303:
4288:. pss.uvm.edu
4287:
4280:
4278:
4262:
4260:
4255:
4249:
4245:
4236:
4229:
4228:
4224:
4220:
4217:
4213:
4209:
4208:
4204:
4200:
4197:
4193:
4189:
4188:
4184:
4180:
4179:
4178:
4169:
4168:
4164:
4159:
4158:
4154:
4149:
4148:
4144:
4139:
4138:
4134:
4128:
4127:
4123:
4117:
4116:
4112:
4110:(sect. Hebea)
4106:
4105:
4101:
4096:
4095:
4091:
4086:
4085:
4081:
4079:(sect. Hebea)
4075:
4074:
4070:
4065:
4064:
4060:
4055:
4054:
4050:
4045:
4044:
4040:
4035:
4034:
4030:
4025:
4024:
4020:
4018:(sect. Hebea)
4014:
4013:
4009:
4004:
4003:
3999:
3994:
3993:
3989:
3984:
3983:
3979:
3974:
3973:
3969:
3963:
3962:
3958:
3953:
3952:
3948:
3943:
3942:
3938:
3933:
3932:
3928:
3922:
3921:
3917:
3912:
3911:
3907:
3902:
3901:
3897:
3891:
3890:
3886:
3881:
3880:
3876:
3870:
3869:
3865:
3860:
3859:
3855:
3850:
3849:
3845:
3840:
3839:
3835:
3830:
3829:
3825:
3820:
3819:
3815:
3810:
3809:
3805:
3800:
3799:
3795:
3790:
3789:
3785:
3780:
3779:
3775:
3770:
3769:
3765:
3760:
3759:
3755:
3750:
3749:
3745:
3740:
3739:
3735:
3730:
3729:
3725:
3720:
3719:
3715:
3710:
3709:
3705:
3700:
3699:
3695:
3690:
3689:
3685:
3680:
3679:
3675:
3670:
3669:
3665:
3660:
3659:
3655:
3650:
3649:
3645:
3640:
3639:
3635:
3630:
3629:
3625:
3620:
3619:
3615:
3610:
3609:
3605:
3600:
3599:
3595:
3589:
3588:
3584:
3579:
3578:
3574:
3569:
3568:
3564:
3559:
3558:
3554:
3549:
3548:
3544:
3539:
3538:
3534:
3529:
3528:
3524:
3519:
3518:
3514:
3509:
3508:
3504:
3499:
3498:
3494:
3489:
3488:
3484:
3479:
3478:
3474:
3469:
3468:
3464:
3459:
3458:
3454:
3449:
3448:
3444:
3439:
3438:
3434:
3429:
3428:
3424:
3418:
3417:
3413:
3408:
3407:
3403:
3398:
3397:
3393:
3388:
3387:
3383:
3378:
3377:
3373:
3368:
3367:
3363:
3358:
3357:
3353:
3348:
3347:
3343:
3338:
3337:
3333:
3328:
3327:
3323:
3318:
3317:
3313:
3308:
3307:
3303:
3298:
3297:
3293:
3288:
3287:
3283:
3278:
3277:
3273:
3268:
3267:
3263:
3261:(sect. Hebea)
3257:
3256:
3252:
3247:
3246:
3242:
3237:
3236:
3232:
3227:
3226:
3222:
3217:
3216:
3212:
3207:
3206:
3202:
3196:
3195:
3191:
3185:
3184:
3180:
3174:
3173:
3169:
3164:
3163:
3159:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3144:
3143:
3139:
3137:(sect. Hebea)
3133:
3132:
3128:
3122:
3121:
3117:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3102:
3101:
3097:
3091:
3090:
3086:
3081:
3080:
3076:
3071:
3070:
3066:
3061:
3060:
3056:
3051:
3050:
3046:
3041:
3040:
3036:
3031:
3030:
3026:
3023:
3016:
3015:
3011:
3006:
3005:
3001:
2996:
2995:
2991:
2986:
2985:
2981:
2976:
2975:
2971:
2966:
2965:
2961:
2956:
2955:
2951:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2936:
2935:
2931:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2916:
2915:
2911:
2906:
2905:
2901:
2896:
2895:
2891:
2886:
2885:
2881:
2876:
2875:
2871:
2865:
2864:
2860:
2855:
2854:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2834:
2833:
2829:
2826:van der Burgt
2824:
2823:
2819:
2814:
2813:
2809:
2804:
2803:
2799:
2794:
2793:
2789:
2784:
2783:
2779:
2774:
2773:
2769:
2764:
2763:
2759:
2754:
2753:
2749:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2723:
2722:
2718:
2713:
2712:
2708:
2703:
2702:
2698:
2692:
2691:
2687:
2682:
2681:
2677:
2672:
2671:
2667:
2662:
2661:
2657:
2652:
2651:
2647:
2642:
2641:
2637:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2622:
2621:
2617:
2612:
2611:
2607:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2592:
2591:
2587:
2581:
2580:
2576:
2571:
2570:
2566:
2564:(sect. Hebea)
2560:
2559:
2555:
2550:
2549:
2545:
2540:
2539:
2535:
2530:
2529:
2525:
2520:
2519:
2515:
2510:
2509:
2505:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2490:
2489:
2485:
2479:
2478:
2474:
2469:
2468:
2464:
2459:
2458:
2454:
2449:
2448:
2444:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2429:
2428:
2424:
2419:
2418:
2414:
2412:
2405:
2404:
2400:
2395:
2394:
2390:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2375:
2374:
2370:
2364:
2363:
2359:
2354:
2353:
2349:
2344:
2343:
2339:
2334:
2333:
2329:
2323:
2322:
2318:
2313:
2312:
2308:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2292:
2291:
2287:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2261:
2260:
2256:
2251:
2250:
2246:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2220:
2219:
2215:
2210:
2209:
2205:
2199:
2198:
2194:
2189:
2188:
2184:
2179:
2178:
2174:
2169:
2168:
2164:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2149:
2148:
2144:
2139:
2138:
2134:
2132:(sect. Hebea)
2128:
2127:
2123:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2055:
2054:
2050:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2035:
2034:
2030:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1994:
1990:
1985:
1984:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1964:
1963:
1959:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1943:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1929:
1924:
1923:
1919:
1914:
1913:
1909:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1894:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1861:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1843:
1838:
1834:
1833:
1829:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1786:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1756:
1750:
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1737:
1736:
1732:
1728:
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1715:
1710:
1709:
1705:
1700:
1699:
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1685:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1672:
1667:
1666:
1662:
1657:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1643:
1642:
1638:
1633:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1562:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1539:
1535:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1515:
1514:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1484:
1483:
1479:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1454:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1421:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1378:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1366:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1343:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1331:(sect. Hebea)
1327:
1326:
1322:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1309:
1305:
1304:
1300:
1297:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1265:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1255:
1253:
1251:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1233:
1229:
1214:
1209:
1208:Philipp Ernst
1205:
1199:
1194:
1191:
1187:
1181:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1119:
1115:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1055:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1041:
1036:
1032:
1019:
1012:
1007:
1003:
997:
992:
989:
985:
978:
973:
969:
965:
964:
957:
952:
948:
947:Nectar guides
944:
940:
934:
929:
926:
925:
918:
913:
910:
906:
900:
895:
892:
891:
884:
879:
875:
869:
864:
858:
857:
849:
844:
839:
838:
831:
826:
822:
821:
814:
809:
808:
802:
800:
799:
794:
790:
786:
781:
780:for display.
779:
774:
766:
762:
761:
755:
746:
744:
740:
736:
732:
727:
725:
721:
717:
713:
712:
707:
703:
699:
695:
685:
679:
675:
671:
667:
665:
662:
658:
654:
649:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
610:
606:
605:
601:
597:
593:
588:
586:
582:
572:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
551:. The genera
550:
546:
541:
539:
532:
528:
524:
520:
519:(Iridaceae).
518:
514:
511:
508:
504:
500:
499:
494:
490:
489:
477:
473:
469:
466:
462:
458:
457:
453:
449:
446:
441:
438:
433:
430:
427:
423:
420:
417:
413:
410:
407:
403:
400:
397:
392:
389:
384:
381:
376:
373:
368:
365:
360:
357:
352:
349:
344:
341:
338:
334:
331:
328:
324:
320:
317:
314:
310:
307:
302:
299:
296:
292:
289:
286:
282:
279:
275:
271:
268:
263:
258:
254:
251:
248:
244:
241:
240:
238:
235:
231:
228:
224:
219:
212:
208:
205:
201:
197:
192:
191:
187:
184:
183:
180:
177:
174:
173:
170:
167:
164:
163:
160:
157:
154:
153:
150:
147:
144:
143:
140:
137:
134:
131:
130:
127:
124:
121:
118:
117:
114:
113:Tracheophytes
111:
108:
105:
104:
101:
98:
95:
94:
89:
84:
80:
77:
76:
71:
67:
62:
59:
55:
52:
48:
44:
37:
34: and
33:
19:
5260:
5238:
5231:
5218:
5217:Taxonomy of
5203:
5196:
5192:
5185:
5179:Bibliography
5164:. Retrieved
5154:
5142:. Retrieved
5138:the original
5128:
5120:the original
5110:
5098:. Retrieved
5087:
5075:. Retrieved
5065:
5053:. Retrieved
5049:
5040:
5034:Google Books
5032:, p. 24, at
5027:
5022:
5010:. Retrieved
5000:
4994:
4993:"Search for
4987:
4977:
4971:
4957:
4949:
4945:
4941:
4937:
4932:21.107–115;
4929:
4921:
4917:
4906:
4903:Theophrastus
4894:
4890:
4886:
4881:
4873:
4869:
4865:
4861:
4850:
4838:. Retrieved
4834:the original
4824:
4812:. Retrieved
4808:
4799:
4787:. Retrieved
4777:
4765:. Retrieved
4752:
4740:. Retrieved
4737:'Robinetta'"
4734:
4727:
4721:Google Books
4714:
4709:
4703:Google Books
4696:
4691:
4672:
4655:Google Books
4648:
4643:
4608:
4604:
4594:
4559:
4555:
4545:
4528:
4524:
4517:
4511:Google Books
4504:
4484:Google Books
4477:
4452:
4448:
4438:
4426:. Retrieved
4416:
4410:Google Books
4403:
4386:
4382:
4378:
4374:
4370:
4364:
4356:
4351:
4332:
4327:
4308:
4302:
4290:. Retrieved
4264:. Retrieved
4257:
4248:
4226:
4222:
4215:
4211:
4206:
4202:
4195:
4191:
4186:
4182:
4176:
4165:
4155:
4145:
4135:
4124:
4113:
4102:
4092:
4082:
4071:
4061:
4051:
4041:
4031:
4021:
4010:
4000:
3990:
3980:
3970:
3959:
3949:
3939:
3929:
3918:
3908:
3898:
3887:
3877:
3866:
3856:
3846:
3836:
3826:
3816:
3806:
3796:
3786:
3776:
3766:
3756:
3746:
3736:
3726:
3716:
3706:
3696:
3686:
3676:
3666:
3656:
3646:
3642:P.J.D.Winter
3636:
3626:
3616:
3606:
3596:
3585:
3575:
3565:
3555:
3545:
3535:
3525:
3515:
3505:
3495:
3485:
3475:
3465:
3455:
3445:
3435:
3425:
3414:
3404:
3394:
3384:
3374:
3364:
3354:
3344:
3334:
3324:
3314:
3304:
3294:
3284:
3274:
3264:
3253:
3243:
3233:
3223:
3213:
3203:
3192:
3181:
3170:
3160:
3150:
3140:
3129:
3118:
3108:
3098:
3087:
3077:
3067:
3057:
3047:
3037:
3027:
3021:
3012:
3002:
2992:
2982:
2972:
2962:
2952:
2942:
2932:
2922:
2912:
2902:
2892:
2882:
2872:
2861:
2851:
2840:
2830:
2820:
2810:
2800:
2790:
2780:
2770:
2760:
2750:
2740:
2730:
2719:
2709:
2699:
2688:
2678:
2668:
2658:
2648:
2638:
2628:
2618:
2608:
2598:
2588:
2577:
2567:
2556:
2546:
2536:
2526:
2516:
2506:
2496:
2486:
2475:
2465:
2455:
2445:
2435:
2425:
2415:
2410:
2401:
2391:
2381:
2371:
2360:
2350:
2340:
2330:
2319:
2309:
2298:
2288:
2277:
2267:
2257:
2247:
2226:
2216:
2206:
2195:
2185:
2175:
2165:
2155:
2145:
2135:
2124:
2114:
2104:
2093:
2081:
2071:
2061:
2051:
2041:
2031:
2021:
2011:
2001:
1991:
1981:
1970:
1960:
1950:
1930:
1920:
1910:
1900:
1896:(L.) Gaertn.
1890:
1877:
1867:
1857:
1847:
1842:type species
1830:
1820:
1810:
1800:
1790:
1778:
1768:
1757:
1752:C. H. Wright
1746:
1733:
1720:
1706:
1696:
1686:
1676:
1671:J.C. Manning
1663:
1649:
1639:
1629:
1616:
1606:
1596:
1586:
1576:
1566:
1554:
1543:
1538:C. H. Wright
1531:
1521:
1511:
1500:
1490:
1480:
1470:
1460:
1450:
1438:
1425:
1413:
1403:
1393:
1382:
1370:
1357:
1347:
1334:
1323:
1313:
1301:
1289:
1279:
1269:
1257:
1249:
1247:
1238:
1236:
1227:
1225:
1203:
1185:
1136:
1132:
1125:Graeco-Roman
1123:The ancient
1100:Scott Joplin
1064:
1058:
1051:
1045:
1028:
1017:
1001:
983:
961:
942:
938:
922:
908:
904:
888:
873:
854:
835:
818:
796:
782:
770:
758:
749:Horticulture
728:
726:and others.
723:
719:
715:
709:
694:anthophorini
691:
683:
673:
650:
611:
607:
603:
589:
583:(similar to
578:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
542:
537:
535:
526:
515:in the iris
496:
487:
486:
485:
471:
460:
447:
439:
432:Kentrosiphon
431:
421:
411:
401:
390:
382:
374:
366:
358:
350:
342:
332:
318:
308:
301:Sphaerospora
300:
290:
280:
269:
252:
242:
226:
210:
204:Type species
189:
188:
132:
119:
106:
73:
57:
51:
5466:iNaturalist
5285:Wikispecies
4913:Dioscorides
4742:16 February
4286:"Gladiolus"
4254:"Gladiolus"
4207:gandavensis
3481:P.A.Duvign.
2918:Baker, 1901
2562:D.Delaroche
2552:G. J. Lewis
1940: [
1763:F.Delaroche
1716:) Goldblatt
1658:ex G. Lewis
1561:G. J. Lewis
1342:J.C.Manning
1211: [
1141:Koine Greek
1065:G. recurvus
1025:Cultivation
1004:in Behbahan
789:chromosomes
778:cut flowers
735:Lepidoptera
575:Description
565:Oenostachys
561:Homoglossum
553:Acidanthera
461:Gladanthera
412:Oenostachys
391:Solenanthus
383:Symphydolon
351:Homoglossum
343:Ballosporum
333:Acidanthera
260: [
165:Subfamily:
149:Asparagales
126:Angiosperms
5641:Categories
5484:30066908-2
5012:2 February
4901:, include
4887:phasganion
4840:2 February
4814:14 October
4789:2 February
4682:0304354279
4428:2 February
4375:Anomalesia
4292:2 February
4240:References
4233:See also:
4227:hortulanus
2878:Gabrieljan
2481:W.D.J.Koch
2377:Gabrieljan
2253:Van Houtte
2242:M.P.de Vos
1976:Ker Gawler
1248:The genus
1226:The genus
1188:(1886) by
1156:The Smiths
1133:phasganion
1079:In culture
1040:propagated
943:hortulanus
909:hortulanus
793:tetraploid
773:hybridized
706:Hawk-moths
644:has three
557:Anomalesia
547:is in the
465:J.M.Wright
422:Anomalesia
394:Steud. ex
327:J.W.Loudon
291:Anisanthus
179:Gladioleae
169:Crocoideae
5647:Gladiolus
5419:Gladiolus
5388:FloraBase
5354:Gladiolus
5291:Gladiolus
5261:Gladiolus
5232:Gladiolus
5219:Gladiolus
5195:Gladiolus
5162:. rhs.org
5073:. rhs.org
4995:Gladiolus
4950:gladiolus
4938:Herbarius
4895:gladiolus
4735:Gladiolus
4379:Gladiolus
4357:Gladiolus
4223:Gladiolus
4203:Gladiolus
4187:colvillii
4183:Gladiolus
4171:Goldblatt
4067:G.J.Lewis
3872:Ker Gawl.
3812:Goldblatt
3792:Goldblatt
3772:G.J.Lewis
3762:Goldblatt
3752:Goldblatt
3672:Goldblatt
3662:Goldblatt
3652:G.J.Lewis
3551:F. Vaupel
3541:G.J.Lewis
3521:Goldblatt
3461:Goldblatt
3390:Goldblatt
3270:Goldblatt
3259:Delaroche
3073:Goldblatt
3063:Goldblatt
3043:Goldblatt
3033:G.J.Lewis
2908:Goldblatt
2898:G.J.Lewis
2816:Goldblatt
2756:Goldblatt
2715:Goldblatt
2644:Goldblatt
2604:Goldblatt
2542:Goldblatt
2431:Goldblatt
2238:Goldblatt
2212:Goldblatt
2171:Goldblatt
2161:G.J.Lewis
2027:Goldblatt
2007:Goldblatt
1987:Goldblatt
1853:G.J.Lewis
1816:Goldblatt
1702:Goldblatt
1692:Goldblatt
1602:Goldblatt
1517:Goldblatt
1409:Goldblatt
1377:Goldblatt
1363:(Boiss.)
1353:Goldblatt
1250:Gladiolus
1239:Gladiolus
1228:Gladiolus
1152:Morrissey
1148:Mancunian
1098:composer
1094:American
1061:cultivars
939:Gladiolus
905:Gladiolus
874:Gladiolus
661:dehiscent
600:cataphyll
569:Gladiolus
507:perennial
488:Gladiolus
440:Petamenes
367:Ophiolyza
319:Petamenes
243:Antholyza
190:Gladiolus
159:Iridaceae
96:Kingdom:
58:Gladiolus
5606:VicFlora
5598:40014607
5593:Tropicos
5349:eFloraSA
5270:Wikidata
4911:7.12.3;
4635:11916480
4586:16377653
4556:Ann. Bot
4537:25085792
4266:10 April
4098:G. Lewis
4016:G. Lewis
4006:De Wild.
3996:Bolus f.
3965:Bolus f.
3852:M. Bieb.
3782:G. Lewis
3742:G. Lewis
3682:Hook. f.
3591:Hook. f.
3581:G. Lewis
3471:Bolus f.
3360:G. Lewis
3229:Bolus f.
3187:Hook. f.
3053:G. Lewis
2988:L. Bolus
2928:G. Lewis
2846:L. Bolus
2836:G. Lewis
2684:Bolus f.
2614:G. Lewis
2583:P. Mill.
2421:L. Bolus
2273:Geerinck
2263:L. Bolus
2151:G. Lewis
2120:G. Lewis
2110:L. Bolus
2077:Eristavi
1966:De Wild.
1937:Van Geel
1926:G. Lewis
1884:T. Moore
1873:L. Bolus
1806:L. Bolus
1682:G. Lewis
1635:G. Lewis
1612:Bolus f.
1399:A.P.Ham.
1204:Gladiole
1113:in 1925.
988:Behbahan
968:Behbahan
787:with 30
765:Behbahan
733:of some
724:Dianthus
698:sunbirds
678:Behbahan
657:capsules
646:filiform
638:perianth
624:and the
585:crocuses
538:gladioli
472:Homoglad
448:Dortania
435:N.E.Br.
386:Salisb.
378:Salisb.
370:Salisb.
362:Salisb.
359:Hyptissa
354:Salisb.
346:Salisb.
234:Synonyms
221:Species
155:Family:
139:Monocots
18:Gladioli
5497:1060023
5445:2749747
5276:Q156207
5166:3 March
5144:3 March
5100:3 March
5077:3 March
5055:9 April
4978:YouTube
4946:xiphion
4924:2.101;
4891:xiphion
4767:2 March
4626:1690929
4577:2803647
4108:L.Bolus
4047:Barnard
3842:Schltr.
3832:Grossh.
3822:F.Bolus
3219:Schltr.
3146:Schltr.
3135:Andrews
3124:Herbert
3008:Mikheev
2998:F. Vaup
2411:lapmuis
2366:F. Bol.
2304:Andrews
2234:L.Bolus
1956:F.Bolus
1572:L.Bolus
1486:Kit Tan
1420:G.Lewis
1296:F.Bolus
1264:Andrews
1243:Eurasia
1222:Species
1150:singer
1137:xiphion
1096:Ragtime
970:, Iran)
805:Gallery
785:diploid
716:Petunia
702:noctuid
688:Ecology
634:stamens
510:cormous
498:gladius
452:A.Chev.
426:N.E.Br.
416:Bullock
375:Ranisia
337:Hochst.
323:Salisb.
309:Bertera
285:R.Hedw.
270:Cunonia
185:Genus:
175:Tribe:
145:Order:
100:Plantae
5567:PLANTS
5559:524985
5543:NZOR:
5432:113591
5406:113591
5328:306458
5315:110572
5302:190982
5299:APDB:
4679:
4633:
4623:
4584:
4574:
4535:
4455:(10).
4339:
4315:
4130:Thunb.
4077:Thunb.
4037:Oberm.
3732:Oberm.
3712:Thunb.
3501:Chiov.
3350:Vaupel
3320:Kuntze
3310:Marais
3280:Boiss.
3176:Gaudin
3020:(syn.
3018:Kelway
2958:Vaupel
2776:Oberm.
2736:Cufod.
2705:Vaupel
2694:Houtt.
2674:Marais
2634:Boiss.
2512:Thunb.
2397:Vaupel
2240:&
2130:Thunb.
2067:Oberm.
1906:Marais
1826:Marais
1785:Oberm.
1727:Curtis
1714:Rendle
1656:Thunb.
1476:Boiss.
1048:thrips
1033:, the
743:thrips
731:larvae
720:Zinnia
680:, Iran
630:tepals
626:petals
622:sepals
620:. The
618:bracts
614:secund
604:et al.
596:leaves
590:Their
563:, and
517:family
491:(from
476:Ingram
402:Keitia
313:Steud.
5572:GLADI
5536:49747
5510:43293
5492:IRMNG
5471:59945
5414:FoAO2
5393:21248
5380:1GLAG
5367:61025
5341:8VXVR
4926:Pliny
4761:(PDF)
4533:JSTOR
4161:Baker
4151:Baker
4119:Baker
3935:Baker
3632:Baker
3622:Baker
3491:Baker
3441:Baker
3340:Diels
3300:Verd.
3198:Baker
3156:Klatt
3114:Baker
3104:Baker
3093:Baker
3083:Rolfe
2978:Baker
2948:Eckl.
2867:Baker
2786:Sweet
2725:Baker
2654:Baker
2502:Baker
2471:Jacq.
2451:Stapf
2407:Jacq.
2346:Kunze
2315:Baker
2294:Baker
2283:Jacq.
2222:Jacq.
2201:Baker
2141:Baker
2099:Baker
2088:Lehm.
2017:Baker
1997:Baker
1944:]
1863:Baker
1796:Herb.
1740:Aiton
1623:Jacq.
1549:Baker
1527:Harms
1506:Baker
1496:Klatt
1466:Baker
1445:Klatt
1365:Stapf
1308:Herb.
1215:]
1129:Pluto
1035:corms
1016:Wild
982:Wild
757:Wild
664:seeds
653:ovary
642:style
592:stems
581:corms
503:genus
493:Latin
406:Regel
396:Klatt
295:Sweet
281:Hebea
274:Mill.
264:]
133:Clade
120:Clade
107:Clade
5580:POWO
5531:NCBI
5505:ITIS
5479:IPNI
5458:4969
5453:GRIN
5440:GBIF
5375:EPPO
5323:BOLD
5310:APNI
5168:2018
5146:2018
5102:2018
5079:2018
5057:2018
5014:2017
4893:and
4842:2017
4816:2020
4791:2017
4769:2018
4744:2018
4677:ISBN
4631:PMID
4582:PMID
4430:2017
4373:and
4337:ISBN
4313:ISBN
4294:2017
4268:2014
4057:Kies
2766:Lam.
1433:Vlok
1146:The
1127:god
704:and
651:The
45:and
5619:WFO
5518:NBN
5427:FoC
5401:FNA
5362:EoL
5336:CoL
4621:PMC
4613:doi
4609:269
4572:PMC
4564:doi
4457:doi
1206:by
1139:in
1135:or
1071:'s
1029:In
986:in
540:).
505:of
325:ex
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4928:,
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4807:.
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4629:.
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4570:.
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4558:.
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4469:^
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4447:.
4395:^
4387:11
4385:.
4276:^
4256:.
4225:×
4214:×
4205:×
4194:×
4185:×
3924:L.
3893:L.
3420:L.
2492:L.
2236:)
1942:nl
1837:L.
1388:L.
1329:L.
1245:.
1213:de
1075:.
941:×
907:×
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745:.
722:,
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676:,
666:.
571:.
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529:,
470:×
459:×
262:de
247:L.
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