5424:
19:
3280:
and the related resist printing are terms for a number of traditional methods of dyeing textiles with patterns. Methods are used to "resist" or prevent the dye from reaching all the cloth, thereby creating a pattern and ground. The most common forms use wax, some type of paste, or a mechanical resist
3808:
and oak galls, calf's blood, sheep's dung, oil, soda, alum, and a solution of tin." Turkey red was developed in India and spread to Turkey. Greek workers familiar with the methods of its production were brought to France in 1747, and Dutch and
English spies soon discovered the secret. A sanitized
3485:
yellow dye for natural fibers. Dried safflower blossoms can be used to produce yellow, mustard, khaki, olive green and red colors. Cotton tape dyed red with safflower was formerly used to tie up government papers in
4797:"Identification of Polish cochineal (Porphyrophora polonica L.) in historical textiles by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with spectrophotometric and tandem mass spectrometric detection"
381:
dyes or basic dyes are a class of synthetic dyes derived from coal tar, first discovered in the 19th century. These dyes produce brilliant colors that work well with animal fibers, especially
5003:(Translation into English of an anonymous French manuscript held in a private collection consisting of four essays produced around 1763. ed.). Oxford, Philadelphia: Oxbow Books.
2272:. Madder was a dye of commercial importance in Europe, being cultivated in the Netherlands and France until the market collapsed following the development of synthetic
2114:(copperas) mordant. Despite changing fashions in color, logwood was the most widely used dye by the 19th century, providing the sober blacks of formal and
32:. For terms used in the creation or manufacturing of textiles, including spinning, knitting, weaving, and individual fabrics and finishing processes, see
2870:
are insoluble color particles that may be attached to the surface of cloth using a binding agent. Solutions of binders and pigments are called
3834:). Murex dye was greatly prized in antiquity because it did not fade, rather it became brighter and more intense with weathering and sunlight.
3322:). Murex dye was greatly prized in antiquity because it did not fade, rather it became brighter and more intense with weathering and sunlight.
878:, which give deep red- or purple-brown and rusty orange respectively. These lichens are the origin of the distinctive scent of naturally dyed
1676:
and other mountains of Asia and Japan. Munjeet was an important dye for the Asian cotton industry and is still used by craft dyers in Nepal.
128:
in the mid-19th century. Synthetic dyes quickly superseded natural dyes for the large-scale commercial textile production enabled by the
5632:
857:
3253:
are a class of synthetic dyes that first appeared commercially in 1956, after their invention in 1954 by Rattee and
Stephens at the
4847:
104:
period. In China, dyeing with plants, barks and insects has been traced back more than 5,000 years. Natural insect dyes such as
4007:
in the 17th century and used extensively in
America until native stands of indigo were discovered in Florida and the Carolinas.
5222:
5182:
5163:
5142:
4989:
2702:
that can be used to dye textiles a ruddy or reddish-brown color. Evidence of textile dyeing with ochre has been dated to the
5712:
553:
4427:
5262:
5241:
5201:
5119:
5100:
5081:
5054:
5035:
5008:
4961:
4772:
33:
3804:
was a strong, very fast red dye for cotton obtained from madder root via a complicated multistep process involving "
5717:
5293:
3976:), also called mignonette or dyer's rocket, was an important yellow dye of the ancient Mediterranean and Europe.
2269:
4492:
Munro, John H. "Medieval
Woollens: Textiles, Technology, and Organisation". In Jenkins (2003), pp. 214–215.
3254:
4848:"Dyes and Dyeing Glossary: A Glossary of Terms for Materials and Processes in Textile Dyeing for Artists"
2924:
53:
2335:. By using different mordants, dyers can often obtain a variety of colors and shades from the same dye.
4003:
which has been grown in
Northern Europe over 2,000 years as a source of blue dye. Woad was carried to
5576:
2095:
1172:), also known as dyer's greenweed or dyer's greenwood, is a garden plant used to produce yellow dyes.
572:), is native to India and was exported to China by 900 BCE and to Europe via the Muslim world by the
552:) is a flowering plant native to eastern North America; its root is the source for a red dye used by
5627:
1578:
45:
351:
1642:
refers to dyed with kermes, or kermes in combination with another dye, producing colors such as
5366:
2068:
129:
4756:
124:
were important elements of the economies of Asia and Europe until the discovery of man-made
5286:
4561:
1699:
589:
8:
2916:
1199:
1126:
874:
813:
dyes are dyes resistant to shifts in hue, fading, or bleeding (transfer of dye) when wet.
564:
Brazilwood is a red-brown dye from either of two related trees. The original brazilwood,
5506:
5485:
4823:
4796:
4687:
4679:
4662:
Anthony S. Travis (1990). "Perkin's Mauve: Ancestor of the
Organic Chemical Industry".
4143:
2952:
2486:
1673:
1587:
868:
565:
398:
5556:
5546:
5258:
5252:
5237:
5218:
5197:
5178:
5159:
5138:
5115:
5096:
5077:
5060:
5050:
5031:
5014:
5004:
4985:
4957:
4828:
4768:
4691:
3562:
3557:
Saxon green or Saxony green is a bright green dye of the 18th century produced using
2295:
2084:
1415:
1218:
1180:
1165:
1095:
862:
573:
321:
266:
5423:
4854:
1106:
A dyebath is a solution of dye and water or other liquid in which textiles are dyed.
1098:
that can be dissolved in water or another liquid so that they will penetrate fibers.
5611:
5586:
4818:
4808:
4671:
4644:
4591:
3984:
3782:
3530:
3108:
2882:
2076:
1859:
1255:
A dyeworks, dye-works, or dye works is a workshop for dyeing fiber, yarn, or cloth.
113:
1422:
is a brilliant yellow dye derived from the inner bark of the dyer's mulberry tree
385:. Because of poor colorfastness, aniline dyes are seldom used with textiles today.
5465:
5279:
5153:
3826:
3573:
3314:
3282:
3281:
that manipulates the cloth such as tying or stitching. Resist techniques include
2851:
2111:
2107:
1909:
1903:
822:
810:
772:
363:
5653:
5606:
5131:
3969:
3487:
3258:
2890:
2080:
930:
5383:
4813:
3820:
or royal purple is a purple-red dye which is extracted from several genera of
3308:
or royal purple is a purple-red dye which is extracted from several genera of
5707:
5701:
5601:
5511:
5371:
5064:
5018:
3817:
3613:
3597:
3546:
3305:
3277:
2842:
2064:
1926:
776:
614:
609:
367:
132:, but natural dyes remained in use by traditional cultures around the world.
105:
938:. Cutch gives gray-browns with an iron mordant and olive-browns with copper.
5684:
5571:
5480:
5455:
4832:
4648:
4431:
4280:
3605:
3250:
2898:
1898:
1890:
1635:
879:
768:
604:
109:
5526:
5516:
5460:
5445:
5376:
5212:
4004:
3541:
Saxon blue or Saxony blue is an 18th century dye made from a solution of
2894:
2502:
2072:
1894:
1879:
1875:
1631:
1427:
906:
277:
dye sold under the trade name "Suranji". It is extensively cultivated in
97:
5596:
5566:
5470:
5402:
4683:
4351:
3992:
3801:
3581:
3558:
3542:
3514:
3104:
2692:
2491:
1922:
1863:
1693:
1688:
1207:
359:
117:
89:
18:
5663:
5342:
5172:
5028:
By Native Hands: Woven
Treasures from the Lauren Rogers Museum of Art
3821:
3767:
3474:
3309:
3262:
2846:
2703:
1914:
1569:
787:
760:
581:
545:
274:
101:
4675:
928:
is an ancient brown dye from the wood of acacia trees, particularly
5541:
5521:
5450:
5349:
3491:
2944:
2328:
2284:
2273:
2265:
2115:
1619:
1599:
1154:
910:
577:
49:
5411:
5254:
Fabric of
Society: A Century of People and their Clothes 1770–1870
5234:
Synthetic Dyeing: For
Spinners, Weavers, Knitters and Embroiderers
5658:
5591:
5551:
5536:
5490:
5475:
5395:
5390:
5361:
5356:
3996:
3790:
3771:
3621:
3577:
3502:
3286:
2920:
2886:
2867:
2695:
2522:
2514:
2324:
2288:
1871:
1847:
1595:
1583:
1576:-rich growth on oak trees produced by an infection of the insect
1142:
925:
890:
841:
826:
799:
795:
756:
752:
403:
378:
340:
306:
294:
93:
73:
794:) is a scale insect of Central and North America from which the
5531:
5333:
5321:
5302:
4154:
4011:
4000:
3838:
3809:
version of Turkey red was being produced in
Manchester by 1784.
3759:
3628:
3617:
3585:
3518:
3506:
3343:
3119:
2973:
2948:
2912:
2710:
2543:
2518:
2506:
2353:
2331:
used in combination with dye to "fix" the color in the textile
2291:
2122:
2103:
1933:
1867:
1843:
1711:
1684:
1615:
1573:
1438:
1431:
1259:
1225:) is a New World tree from which the dye old fustic is derived.
1150:
942:
935:
914:
902:
898:
621:
585:
414:
407:
393:
282:
135:
61:
41:
37:
29:
3107:
is a mustard yellow natural dye obtained from the bark of the
1403:
Fugitive colors are prone to fading when exposed to sunlight (
5648:
5581:
5561:
5316:
3805:
3331:
3294:
3266:
3261:. Reactive dyes are used primarily to dye natural fibers and
2688:
2510:
2332:
2253:
1855:
1665:
1603:
1122:
1091:
310:
278:
121:
77:
69:
65:
2889:
dye colloquially known as "Saint John's blood", produced in
909:
to be credited to a named individual, Dr Cuthbert Gordon of
5326:
3290:
2699:
1851:
1210:-bearing dye plant native to Japan and the coasts of China.
382:
336:
290:
286:
81:
4142:
Young fustic is a yellow dye derived from the wood of the
2494:-bearing plant of Africa, but chiefly cultivated in India.
5440:
5271:
3786:
3763:
2940:
2298:
1918:
1087:
125:
85:
48:. For biological and medical applications of dyeing, see
617:
tree used to produce a deep brown dye approaching black.
293:
in shades of red, chocolate or purple, dependent on the
1897:
derived from the dried unlaid eggs of the females of a
1594:), also called Lusitanian Oak or Dyer's Oak, native to
5409:
5400:
5381:
5347:
5331:
5173:
Netherton, Robin; Owen-Crocker, Gale R., eds. (2007).
4474:
4472:
3481:) is a flowering plant native to Asia that produces a
3335:
is a genus of plants that are sources of the red dye
4635:
Hubner K (2006). "History - 150 Years of mauveine".
305:
Adjective dyes are those dyes that require use of a
4469:
580:explorers discovered a similar tree growing in the
5130:
4767:(3). New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art: 9.
3505:is a spice derived from the flower of the saffron
2845:or royal purple, extracted from several genera of
2110:which produces a fast black in combination with a
339:(aluminum sulfate) is a naturally occurring basic
5047:Eco Colour: Botanical Dyes For Beautiful Textiles
4661:
3576:are dyes that produce color without the use of a
2955:or softeners which can interfere with dye uptake.
1247:Dyestuff is any raw material that releases a dye.
844:is a deep red dye or color derived from the word
5699:
5231:
5128:
4795:Lech, Katarzyna; Jarosz, Maciej (2 March 2016).
4425:
2264:family are a source of good red dyes containing
3596:Various species of sumac or sumach, especially
5109:
4557:
4555:
1691:-bearing plants, primarily those in the genus
1586:. Commercial gall nuts are harvested from the
5287:
4878:
4876:
3115:), a forest tree indigenous in North America.
5155:Textile Manufactures in Early Modern England
4979:
4908:
4906:
4845:
4732:
4730:
4728:
4621:
4619:
4527:
4525:
4523:
4500:
4498:
4462:
4460:
4458:
3604:) or Tanner's Sumach of southern Europe and
3529:Saint John's Blood is a colloquial name for
84:, cloth or garment form by treatment with a
5250:
4757:"Cochineal Red: The Art History of a Color"
4607:
4552:
4488:
4486:
4484:
4391:
4389:
4387:
4368:
4366:
4364:
4362:
4360:
4332:
4330:
4328:
4318:
4316:
2939:, abbreviated PFD, is specially made to be
1212:
328:) is a traditional plant source of red dye.
5633:Traditional dyes of the Scottish Highlands
5294:
5280:
5232:Thompson, Frances; Thompson, Tony (1987).
4873:
4794:
4739:
4306:
4304:
1858:, and then overdyeing the cloth blue with
5112:The Cambridge History of Western Textiles
4933:
4903:
4822:
4812:
4725:
4716:
4616:
4520:
4495:
4455:
4375:
3523:
28:This glossary contains terms specific to
5210:
5151:
4634:
4481:
4407:
4384:
4357:
4346:
4344:
4342:
4325:
4313:
4292:
3830:the spiny dye-murex (currently known as
3318:the spiny dye-murex (currently known as
2927:wood ashes and evaporating the solution.
2855:the spiny dye-murex (currently known as
17:
5090:
5025:
4980:Cannon, John; Cannon, Margaret (2002).
4970:
4761:The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin
4598:
4301:
2841:Phoenician red is a red dye related to
1687:is a deep blue derived from any of the
5700:
5137:(10 ed.). Pearson/Prentice-Hall.
5071:
4998:
4951:
4801:Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
4754:
4549:Thompson & Thompson (1987), p. 123
4421:
4419:
2929:
2067:is a warm olive green dye produced in
1407:) or washing, as opposed to colorfast.
1193:
917:the process of its production in 1758.
5275:
5191:
5044:
5001:The Dyer's Handbook Memoirs On Dyeing
4381:Thompson & Thompson (1987), p. 10
4339:
1174:
1878:) where the cloth was made from the
1842:Kendal green is a coarse gray-green
1227:
5251:Tozer, Jane; Levitt, Sarah (1983).
4416:
2876:
1159:
1108:
833:or reduce the saturation of colors.
596:) used by contemporary craft dyers.
13:
5422:
4912:Cannon & Cannon (2002), p. 118
4573:Cannon & Cannon (2002), p. 80.
2951:, but have been processed without
2346:
860:derived from lichens of the genus
584:and named the surrounding country
396:is a dye produced from the lichen
14:
5729:
4930:Cannon & Cannon (2002), p. 76
4900:Cannon & Cannon (2002), p. 94
4891:Cannon & Cannon (2002), p. 92
4870:Cannon & Cannon (2002), p. 28
4713:Cannon & Cannon (2002), p. 12
4413:Cannon & Cannon (2002), p. 36
4310:Cannon & Cannon (2002), p. 13
2835:
2079:, then overdyeing it yellow with
343:widely used in the ancient world.
34:Glossary of textile manufacturing
4336:Barber (1991), pp. 235-236, 239.
3811:
3513:) that produces a golden-yellow
3482:
3271:
2075:, made by dyeing wool blue with
2058:
1917:insect, and found on species of
1659:
1076:
893:is a purple dye from the lichen
821:Copperas is the dyer's name for
5158:. Manchester University Press.
5030:. Lauren Rogers Museum of Art.
4984:(2nd ed.). A&C Black.
4924:
4915:
4894:
4885:
4864:
4839:
4788:
4748:
4707:
4698:
4655:
4628:
4585:
4576:
4567:
4543:
4534:
4507:
4446:
4264:
4136:
4121:
3948:
3738:
3453:
3299:
3257:Dyestuffs Division site in the
3244:
3229:
3083:
2820:
2653:
2478:
2463:
2232:
2043:
1836:
1821:
1608:
1572:, nutgalls or oak apples are a
1548:
1369:
1187:) is the source of the red dye
1052:
731:
598:
524:
245:
5177:. Vol. 3. Boydell Press.
5175:Medieval Clothing and Textiles
5129:Kadolph, Sara J., ed. (2007).
5114:. Cambridge University Press.
5026:Chancey, Jill R., ed. (2005).
4956:. Princeton University Press.
4398:
3567:
3551:
2966:
2496:
1393:
1:
4945:
4755:Phipps, Elena (Winter 2010).
4372:Goodwin (1982), pp. 11, 70-76
3995:-bearing indigenous plant of
3795:
3535:
3098:
2935:A fabric or garment which is
2677:
2536:
2303:
1067:
558:
112:and plant-based dyes such as
5110:Jenkins, David, ed. (2003).
5049:. Loveland, CO: Interweave.
4853:. p. 23. Archived from
3468:
3255:Imperial Chemical Industries
2260:) and related plants of the
1634:word for the red insect dye
1188:
905:. Cudbear is one of the few
804:
781:
539:
299:
7:
5410:
5401:
5382:
5348:
5332:
4722:Barber (1991), pp. 223-225.
4274:
3590:
3336:
2668:
2278:
1913:, distantly related to the
1563:
1397:
1249:
1241:
934:, used in India for dyeing
815:
54:Biological Stain Commission
10:
5734:
5713:Glossaries of textile arts
5301:
4999:Cardon, Dominique (2016).
4971:Boucher, François (1966).
4736:Barber (1991), pp. 228-229
4466:Goodwin (1982), pp. 32–34.
4395:Goodwin (1982), pp. 87–92.
3496:
3490:, giving rise to the term
2957:
2861:
2527:
2337:
2317:
2089:
1697:, especially true indigo (
1100:
884:
850:
835:
759:-colored dye derived from
746:
372:
315:
22:Dyeing in the Middle Ages.
5672:
5641:
5620:
5499:
5433:
5420:
5309:
5217:. Yale University Press.
5074:Traditional Scottish Dyes
4952:Barber, E. J. W. (1991).
4814:10.1007/s00216-016-9408-0
4625:Goodwin (1982), pp. 64-65
4515:Traditional Scottish Dyes
3753:
3620:and are used as dyes and
2906:
2312:
2247:
2102:) is a dyewood native to
2100:Haematoxylum campechianum
1884:
1678:
1409:
1236:
387:
309:to bind the color to the
5680:Glossary of dyeing terms
5500:Traditional textile dyes
4604:Munro (2007), pp. 87–93.
4286:
4159:
4016:
3843:
3633:
3348:
3324:
3124:
2978:
2943:. PFD fabrics have been
2715:
2682:
2548:
2358:
2294:was the first synthetic
2127:
1938:
1854:, dyeing it yellow with
1716:
1624:
1579:Cynips gallae tinctoriae
1443:
1264:
947:
919:
858:traditional Scottish dye
626:
419:
140:
46:Glossary of sewing terms
5718:Visual arts terminology
5236:. David & Charles.
5211:Schoeser, Mary (2007).
5194:William Morris Textiles
5152:Kerridge, Eric (1988).
4973:20,000 Years of Fashion
4745:Kadolph (2007), p. 383.
4613:Schoeser (2007), p. 118
3978:
3963:
1384:
1125:that are dyed prior to
356:Indigofera suffruticosa
345:
330:
273:) is the source of the
92:have found evidence of
5427:
5257:. Laura Ashley Press.
5091:Goodwin, Jill (1982).
4921:Goodwin (1982), p. 65.
4882:Kadolph (2007), p. 482
4664:Technology and Culture
4649:10.1002/ciuz.200690054
4637:Chemie in unserer Zeit
4582:Kerridge (1988), p. 20
4540:Kadolph (2007), p. 384
4452:Kadolph (2007), p. 464
4428:"Time line of fabrics"
4426:Threads In Tyme, LTD.
4322:Barber (1991), p. 232.
4298:Goodwin (1982), p. 11.
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3776:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3616:, are rich sources of
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2902:Porphyrophora polonica
2885:or Polish grains is a
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2505:are dyes derived from
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1582:, used as a dye and a
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1081:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
550:Sanguinaria canadensis
519:
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
464:
459:
454:
449:
444:
439:
434:
429:
424:
260:
240:
235:
230:
225:
220:
215:
210:
205:
200:
195:
190:
185:
180:
175:
170:
165:
160:
155:
150:
145:
23:
5426:
5367:Reactive dye printing
5192:Parry, Linda (1983).
5072:Fraser, Jean (1983).
5045:Flint, India (2008).
4982:Dye Plants and Dyeing
4939:Goodwin (1982), p. 63
4846:Wilson, Doug (2004).
4704:Goodwin (1982), p. 12
4531:Goodwin (1982), p. 60
4504:Goodwin (1982), p. 56
4478:Barber (1991), p. 231
3785:, a metallic salt of
2947:, scoured, and fully
130:Industrial Revolution
21:
4954:Prehistoric Textiles
4562:Stefan's Florilegium
4131:
3958:
3748:
3479:Carthamus tinctorius
3463:
3239:
3093:
2830:
2663:
2473:
2242:
2053:
1831:
1705:Indigofera sumatrana
1700:Indigofera tinctoria
1654:
1558:
1379:
1219:Dyer's mulberry tree
1214:dyer's mulberry tree
1062:
897:which also produces
741:
594:Caesalpinia echinata
534:
402:which also produces
269:or Indian mulberry (
255:
36:. For terms used in
3793:to brighten colors.
3580:. Examples include
2953:optical brighteners
2937:prepared for dyeing
2931:prepared for dyeing
2917:potassium carbonate
1866:). It is named for
1672:) is native to the
1204:Polygonum tinctorum
875:Parmelia omphalodes
588:. This tree is the
324:or dyer's bugloss (
100:dating back to the
5507:Armenian cochineal
5428:
4434:on 28 October 2005
4144:Eurasian smoketree
3770:nuts is used as a
3525:Saint John's Blood
2487:Indigofera arrecta
1874:(formerly part of
1592:Quercus lusitanica
1119:dyed in the fleece
895:Roccella tinctoria
869:Parmelia saxatilis
792:Dactylopius coccus
765:Dactylopius coccus
570:Caesalpinia sappan
399:Roccella tinctoria
362:-bearing plant of
281:for the dyeing of
24:
5693:
5692:
5224:978-0-300-11741-7
5184:978-1-84383-291-1
5165:978-0-7190-2632-4
5144:978-0-13-118769-6
4991:978-0-7136-6374-7
4860:on 17 March 2012.
4807:(12): 3349–3358.
4517:, Canongate, 1983
4148:Cotinus coggygria
3832:Bolinus brandaris
3783:Stannous chloride
3598:Elm-Leaved Sumach
3320:Bolinus brandaris
3109:Eastern Black Oak
2857:Bolinus brandaris
1846:cloth created by
1640:Dyed in the grain
1424:Maclura tinctoria
1405:fugitive to light
1223:Maclura tinctoria
1185:Alkanna tinctoria
1170:Genista tinctoria
1096:organic compounds
574:Early Middle Ages
326:Alkanna tinctoria
271:Morinda tinctoria
5725:
5587:Polish cochineal
5415:
5406:
5387:
5353:
5337:
5296:
5289:
5282:
5273:
5272:
5268:
5247:
5228:
5207:
5196:. Viking Press.
5188:
5169:
5148:
5136:
5125:
5106:
5087:
5068:
5041:
5022:
4995:
4976:
4967:
4940:
4937:
4931:
4928:
4922:
4919:
4913:
4910:
4901:
4898:
4892:
4889:
4883:
4880:
4871:
4868:
4862:
4861:
4859:
4852:
4843:
4837:
4836:
4826:
4816:
4792:
4786:
4785:
4783:
4781:
4752:
4746:
4743:
4737:
4734:
4723:
4720:
4714:
4711:
4705:
4702:
4696:
4695:
4659:
4653:
4652:
4632:
4626:
4623:
4614:
4611:
4605:
4602:
4596:
4589:
4583:
4580:
4574:
4571:
4565:
4559:
4550:
4547:
4541:
4538:
4532:
4529:
4518:
4511:
4505:
4502:
4493:
4490:
4479:
4476:
4467:
4464:
4453:
4450:
4444:
4443:
4441:
4439:
4430:. Archived from
4423:
4414:
4411:
4405:
4402:
4396:
4393:
4382:
4379:
4373:
4370:
4355:
4348:
4337:
4334:
4323:
4320:
4311:
4308:
4299:
4296:
3989:Isatis tinctoria
3574:Substantive dyes
3545:in concentrated
3531:Polish cochineal
3113:Quercus velutina
2883:Polish cochineal
2878:Polish cochineal
2296:organic chemical
1703:, also known as
1670:Rubia cordifolia
1644:crimson in grain
1131:dyed in the hank
1115:Dyed in the wool
1110:dyed in the wool
554:Native Americans
5733:
5732:
5728:
5727:
5726:
5724:
5723:
5722:
5698:
5697:
5694:
5689:
5668:
5637:
5616:
5495:
5429:
5418:
5305:
5300:
5265:
5244:
5225:
5204:
5185:
5166:
5145:
5122:
5103:
5093:A Dyer's Manual
5084:
5057:
5038:
5011:
4992:
4975:. Harry Abrams.
4964:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4934:
4929:
4925:
4920:
4916:
4911:
4904:
4899:
4895:
4890:
4886:
4881:
4874:
4869:
4865:
4857:
4850:
4844:
4840:
4793:
4789:
4779:
4777:
4775:
4753:
4749:
4744:
4740:
4735:
4726:
4721:
4717:
4712:
4708:
4703:
4699:
4676:10.2307/3105760
4660:
4656:
4633:
4629:
4624:
4617:
4612:
4608:
4603:
4599:
4590:
4586:
4581:
4577:
4572:
4568:
4560:
4553:
4548:
4544:
4539:
4535:
4530:
4521:
4512:
4508:
4503:
4496:
4491:
4482:
4477:
4470:
4465:
4456:
4451:
4447:
4437:
4435:
4424:
4417:
4412:
4408:
4403:
4399:
4394:
4385:
4380:
4376:
4371:
4358:
4349:
4340:
4335:
4326:
4321:
4314:
4309:
4302:
4297:
4293:
4289:
4277:
4272:
4271:
4270:
4269:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4128:
4127:
4126:
3981:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3955:
3954:
3953:
3827:Murex brandaris
3814:
3798:
3789:, is used as a
3779:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3745:
3744:
3743:
3593:
3570:
3554:
3538:
3526:
3499:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3460:
3459:
3458:
3327:
3315:Murex brandaris
3302:
3283:screen printing
3274:
3265:fibers such as
3247:
3242:
3237:
3236:
3235:
3234:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3090:
3089:
3088:
2960:
2932:
2909:
2879:
2864:
2852:Murex brandaris
2838:
2833:
2828:
2827:
2826:
2825:
2685:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2530:
2499:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2470:
2469:
2468:
2340:
2320:
2306:
2281:
2258:rubia tinctoria
2250:
2245:
2240:
2239:
2238:
2237:
2112:ferrous sulfate
2108:Central America
2092:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2050:
2049:
2048:
1910:Kermes vermilio
1887:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1826:
1681:
1662:
1657:
1648:violet in grain
1627:
1611:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1555:
1554:
1553:
1412:
1400:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1376:
1375:
1374:
1252:
1244:
1230:
1215:
1200:Dyer's knotweed
1196:
1195:dyer's knotweed
1177:
1162:
1111:
1103:
1084:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1059:
1058:
1057:
922:
887:
853:
838:
823:ferrous sulfate
818:
807:
784:
749:
744:
739:
738:
737:
736:
601:
561:
542:
537:
532:
531:
530:
529:
390:
375:
348:
333:
318:
302:
263:
258:
253:
252:
251:
250:
12:
11:
5:
5731:
5721:
5720:
5715:
5710:
5691:
5690:
5688:
5687:
5682:
5676:
5674:
5670:
5669:
5667:
5666:
5661:
5656:
5651:
5645:
5643:
5639:
5638:
5636:
5635:
5630:
5628:Use of saffron
5624:
5622:
5618:
5617:
5615:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5554:
5549:
5544:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5514:
5509:
5503:
5501:
5497:
5496:
5494:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5437:
5435:
5431:
5430:
5421:
5419:
5417:
5416:
5407:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5345:
5340:
5339:
5338:
5324:
5319:
5313:
5311:
5307:
5306:
5299:
5298:
5291:
5284:
5276:
5270:
5269:
5263:
5248:
5242:
5229:
5223:
5208:
5202:
5189:
5183:
5170:
5164:
5149:
5143:
5126:
5120:
5107:
5101:
5088:
5082:
5069:
5055:
5042:
5036:
5023:
5009:
4996:
4990:
4977:
4968:
4962:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4941:
4932:
4923:
4914:
4902:
4893:
4884:
4872:
4863:
4838:
4787:
4773:
4747:
4738:
4724:
4715:
4706:
4697:
4654:
4643:(4): 274–275.
4627:
4615:
4606:
4597:
4593:Reseda luteola
4584:
4575:
4566:
4551:
4542:
4533:
4519:
4513:Fraser, Jean:
4506:
4494:
4480:
4468:
4454:
4445:
4415:
4406:
4404:Chancey, p. 37
4397:
4383:
4374:
4356:
4338:
4324:
4312:
4300:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4284:
4283:
4276:
4273:
4268:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4156:
4155:
4153:
4152:
4151:
4140:
4137:
4133:
4130:
4125:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4013:
4012:
4010:
4009:
4008:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:Reseda luteola
3967:
3964:
3960:
3957:
3952:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3840:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3835:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3757:
3754:
3750:
3747:
3742:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3630:
3629:
3627:
3626:
3625:
3606:Staghorn Sumac
3594:
3591:
3589:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3511:Crocus sativus
3500:
3497:
3495:
3472:
3469:
3465:
3462:
3457:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3341:
3340:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3259:United Kingdom
3248:
3245:
3241:
3238:
3233:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3117:
3116:
3102:
3099:
3095:
3092:
3087:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2919:) is a common
2910:
2907:
2905:
2891:Eastern Europe
2880:
2877:
2875:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2839:
2837:Phoenician red
2836:
2832:
2829:
2824:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2672:
2669:
2665:
2662:
2657:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2541:
2540:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2484:Natal indigo (
2482:
2479:
2475:
2472:
2467:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2351:
2350:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2251:
2248:
2244:
2241:
2236:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2124:
2123:
2121:
2120:
2119:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2062:
2059:
2055:
2052:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1931:
1930:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1840:
1837:
1833:
1830:
1825:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1710:
1709:
1708:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1663:
1660:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1630:Grain was the
1628:
1625:
1623:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1567:
1564:
1560:
1557:
1552:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1436:
1435:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1388:
1385:
1381:
1378:
1373:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1181:Dyer's bugloss
1178:
1176:dyer's bugloss
1175:
1173:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1071:
1068:
1064:
1061:
1056:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
944:
943:
941:
940:
939:
931:Acacia catechu
923:
920:
918:
888:
885:
883:
854:
851:
849:
839:
836:
834:
819:
816:
814:
808:
805:
803:
798:-coloured dye
785:
782:
780:
750:
747:
743:
740:
735:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
623:
622:
620:
619:
618:
615:North American
602:
599:
597:
562:
559:
557:
543:
540:
536:
533:
528:
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
452:
447:
442:
437:
432:
427:
422:
416:
415:
413:
412:
411:
391:
388:
386:
376:
373:
371:
349:
346:
344:
334:
331:
329:
319:
316:
314:
303:
300:
298:
264:
261:
257:
254:
249:
248:
243:
238:
233:
228:
223:
218:
213:
208:
203:
198:
193:
188:
183:
178:
173:
168:
163:
158:
153:
148:
143:
137:
136:
134:
126:synthetic dyes
90:Archaeologists
59:
58:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5730:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5705:
5703:
5696:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5677:
5675:
5671:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5646:
5644:
5640:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5625:
5623:
5619:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5602:Tyrian purple
5600:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5560:
5558:
5555:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5545:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5520:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5504:
5502:
5498:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5438:
5436:
5434:Types of dyes
5432:
5425:
5414:
5413:
5408:
5405:
5404:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5386:
5385:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5352:
5351:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5336:
5335:
5330:
5329:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5314:
5312:
5308:
5304:
5297:
5292:
5290:
5285:
5283:
5278:
5277:
5274:
5266:
5264:0-9508913-0-4
5260:
5256:
5255:
5249:
5245:
5243:0-7153-8874-6
5239:
5235:
5230:
5226:
5220:
5216:
5215:
5209:
5205:
5203:0-670-77074-4
5199:
5195:
5190:
5186:
5180:
5176:
5171:
5167:
5161:
5157:
5156:
5150:
5146:
5140:
5135:
5134:
5127:
5123:
5121:0-521-34107-8
5117:
5113:
5108:
5104:
5102:0-7207-1327-7
5098:
5094:
5089:
5085:
5083:0-86241-108-4
5079:
5076:. Canongate.
5075:
5070:
5066:
5062:
5058:
5056:9781596683303
5052:
5048:
5043:
5039:
5037:0-935903-08-9
5033:
5029:
5024:
5020:
5016:
5012:
5010:9781785702112
5006:
5002:
4997:
4993:
4987:
4983:
4978:
4974:
4969:
4965:
4963:0-691-00224-X
4959:
4955:
4950:
4949:
4936:
4927:
4918:
4909:
4907:
4897:
4888:
4879:
4877:
4867:
4856:
4849:
4842:
4834:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4806:
4802:
4798:
4791:
4776:
4774:9781588393616
4770:
4766:
4762:
4758:
4751:
4742:
4733:
4731:
4729:
4719:
4710:
4701:
4693:
4689:
4685:
4681:
4677:
4673:
4669:
4665:
4658:
4650:
4646:
4642:
4638:
4631:
4622:
4620:
4610:
4601:
4595:
4594:
4588:
4579:
4570:
4563:
4558:
4556:
4546:
4537:
4528:
4526:
4524:
4516:
4510:
4501:
4499:
4489:
4487:
4485:
4475:
4473:
4463:
4461:
4459:
4449:
4433:
4429:
4422:
4420:
4410:
4401:
4392:
4390:
4388:
4378:
4369:
4367:
4365:
4363:
4361:
4353:
4347:
4345:
4343:
4333:
4331:
4329:
4319:
4317:
4307:
4305:
4295:
4291:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4157:
4149:
4145:
4141:
4135:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4006:
4002:
3998:
3994:
3990:
3986:
3983:
3975:
3971:
3968:
3962:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3841:
3833:
3829:
3828:
3823:
3819:
3818:Tyrian purple
3816:
3813:Tyrian purple
3807:
3803:
3800:
3792:
3788:
3784:
3781:
3773:
3769:
3765:
3761:
3758:
3752:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3623:
3619:
3615:
3614:North America
3612:) of eastern
3611:
3607:
3603:
3602:Rhus coriaria
3599:
3595:
3587:
3583:
3579:
3575:
3572:
3564:
3560:
3556:
3548:
3547:sulfuric acid
3544:
3540:
3532:
3528:
3520:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3501:
3493:
3489:
3484:
3480:
3476:
3473:
3467:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3338:
3334:
3333:
3329:
3321:
3317:
3316:
3311:
3307:
3306:Tyrian purple
3304:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3279:
3278:Resist dyeing
3276:
3273:resist dyeing
3268:
3264:
3260:
3256:
3252:
3251:Reactive dyes
3249:
3243:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3103:
3097:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2976:
2968:
2965:
2962:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2911:
2903:
2900:
2896:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2881:
2873:
2869:
2866:
2858:
2854:
2853:
2848:
2844:
2843:Tyrian purple
2840:
2834:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2694:
2690:
2687:
2679:
2676:
2673:
2667:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2546:
2538:
2535:
2532:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2501:
2493:
2489:
2488:
2483:
2477:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2356:
2348:
2347:Indian madder
2345:
2342:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2300:
2297:
2293:
2290:
2286:
2283:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2252:
2246:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2125:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2094:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2065:Lincoln green
2063:
2060:Lincoln green
2057:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1928:
1927:Mediterranean
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1911:
1906:
1905:
1901:in the genus
1900:
1896:
1892:
1889:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1835:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1706:
1702:
1701:
1696:
1695:
1690:
1686:
1683:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1666:Indian madder
1664:
1661:Indian madder
1658:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1571:
1568:
1562:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1414:
1406:
1402:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1383:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1254:
1246:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:dyer's rocket
1224:
1220:
1217:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1198:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1179:
1171:
1167:
1164:
1156:
1152:
1149:, dyed after
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1129:. Compare to
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1105:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1086:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1066:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
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1021:
1019:
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1011:
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989:
986:
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966:
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956:
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949:
946:
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933:
932:
927:
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916:
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908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
889:
881:
877:
876:
871:
870:
865:
864:
859:
856:Crottle is a
855:
847:
843:
840:
832:
828:
824:
820:
812:
809:
801:
797:
793:
789:
786:
778:
777:North America
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
751:
745:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
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643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
624:
616:
612:
611:
610:Juglans nigra
606:
603:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
555:
551:
547:
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428:
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423:
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418:
417:
409:
405:
401:
400:
395:
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384:
380:
377:
369:
368:South America
365:
361:
357:
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350:
342:
338:
335:
327:
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320:
312:
308:
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149:
147:
144:
142:
139:
138:
133:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
106:Tyrian purple
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
68:of imparting
67:
63:
57:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
35:
31:
26:
25:
20:
16:
5695:
5685:List of dyes
5679:
5557:Dyer's broom
5512:Black walnut
5253:
5233:
5213:
5193:
5174:
5154:
5132:
5111:
5092:
5073:
5046:
5027:
5000:
4981:
4972:
4953:
4935:
4926:
4917:
4896:
4887:
4866:
4855:the original
4841:
4804:
4800:
4790:
4778:. Retrieved
4764:
4760:
4750:
4741:
4718:
4709:
4700:
4670:(1): 51–82.
4667:
4663:
4657:
4640:
4636:
4630:
4609:
4600:
4592:
4587:
4578:
4569:
4545:
4536:
4514:
4509:
4448:
4436:. Retrieved
4432:the original
4409:
4400:
4377:
4294:
4281:List of dyes
4147:
4138:young fustic
3988:
3973:
3831:
3825:
3824:, primarily
3610:Rhus typhina
3609:
3601:
3510:
3478:
3330:
3319:
3313:
3312:, primarily
3301:royal purple
3246:reactive dye
3112:
2963:
2936:
2901:
2899:scale insect
2872:pigment dyes
2871:
2856:
2850:
2849:, primarily
2674:
2533:
2503:Natural dyes
2485:
2480:natal indigo
2343:
2309:
2276:dye in 1869.
2261:
2257:
2099:
2085:dyers' broom
1921:(especially
1908:
1907:, primarily
1902:
1899:scale insect
1856:dyer's broom
1838:Kendal green
1704:
1698:
1692:
1669:
1668:or munjeet (
1647:
1643:
1639:
1610:garment-dyed
1591:
1577:
1423:
1419:
1404:
1390:
1233:
1222:
1203:
1184:
1169:
1166:Dyer's broom
1161:dyer's broom
1147:garment-dyed
1146:
1141:(dyed after
1138:
1134:
1130:
1118:
1114:
1073:
929:
907:natural dyes
894:
880:Harris Tweed
873:
867:
861:
845:
830:
791:
769:scale insect
764:
608:
605:Black walnut
600:black walnut
593:
569:
549:
397:
355:
325:
270:
98:natural dyes
96:dyeing with
60:
27:
15:
5466:Substantive
5384:RĹŤketsuzome
5377:Ring dyeing
4005:New England
3569:substantive
3553:Saxon green
3517:dye called
3483:substantive
2895:Middle Ages
2893:during the
2498:natural dye
2073:Middle Ages
1925:) near the
1895:natural dye
1880:Middle Ages
1876:Westmorland
1862:(or later,
1614:Dyed after
1428:West Indies
1077:substantive
802:is derived.
566:sappan wood
5702:Categories
5642:Craft dyes
5403:Tsutsugaki
5310:Techniques
5095:. Pelham.
4946:References
4352:Indigo dye
4265:References
4122:References
3993:indigo dye
3949:References
3822:sea snails
3802:Turkey red
3797:Turkey red
3739:References
3582:indigo dye
3537:Saxon blue
3515:carotenoid
3454:References
3310:sea snails
3230:References
3105:Quercitron
3100:quercitron
3084:References
2847:sea snails
2821:References
2693:iron oxide
2654:References
2492:indigo dye
2464:References
2305:mignonette
2233:References
2044:References
1923:Kermes oak
1848:mordanting
1822:References
1694:Indigofera
1689:indigo dye
1549:References
1420:old fustic
1370:References
1139:piece-dyed
1121:refers to
1069:direct dye
1053:References
825:, an iron
732:References
590:Brazilwood
578:Portuguese
560:brazilwood
525:References
360:indigo dye
246:References
5673:Reference
5527:Cochineal
5517:Bloodroot
5486:Discharge
5343:Kalamkari
5065:505420554
5019:950262477
4692:112031120
4438:5 January
3475:Safflower
3470:safflower
3263:cellulose
2967:bloodroot
2897:from the
2704:Neolithic
1915:cochineal
1674:Himalayas
1570:Gall nuts
1394:colorfast
1135:yarn-dyed
1094:-bearing
811:Colorfast
806:colorfast
788:Cochineal
783:cochineal
761:cochineal
582:New World
546:Bloodroot
541:bloodroot
301:adjective
275:morindone
102:Neolithic
76:in loose
42:tailoring
5597:Turmeric
5542:Dyewoods
5522:Brazilin
5481:Disperse
5456:Reactive
5350:Katazome
5133:Textiles
4833:26935929
4275:See also
3999:and the
3991:) is an
3766:bark or
3622:mordants
3592:sumac(h)
3492:red tape
2949:bleached
2925:leaching
2923:made by
2868:Pigments
2678:gall nut
2670:oak gall
2537:gall nut
2515:minerals
2490:) is an
2329:chemical
2285:Mauveine
2280:mauveine
2274:alizarin
2270:purpurin
2266:alizarin
2118:clothes.
2116:mourning
1850:wool in
1632:Medieval
1620:knitting
1600:Portugal
1588:Gall Oak
1565:gall nut
1399:fugitive
1251:dyeworks
1243:dyestuff
1206:) is an
1155:knitting
1127:spinning
915:patented
911:Scotland
863:Parmelia
829:used to
817:copperas
358:) is an
74:textiles
50:Staining
5659:Procion
5654:Inkodye
5621:History
5592:Saffron
5577:Logwood
5552:Gamboge
5532:Cudbear
5491:Pigment
5461:Solvent
5446:Natural
5396:Tie-dye
5391:Shibori
5362:Mordant
5357:Leheria
4824:4830872
4780:12 June
4684:3105760
3997:Assyria
3791:mordant
3772:mordant
3618:tannins
3578:mordant
3503:Saffron
3498:saffron
3488:Britain
3287:tie-dye
2964:Same as
2959:puccoon
2945:desized
2921:mordant
2887:crimson
2863:pigment
2696:pigment
2675:Same as
2534:Same as
2529:nutgall
2523:lichens
2507:animals
2344:Same as
2339:munjeet
2325:mordant
2319:mordant
2310:Same as
2289:aniline
2096:Logwood
2091:logwood
2071:in the
2069:Lincoln
1872:Cumbria
1596:Morocco
1584:mordant
1426:of the
1391:Same as
1234:Same as
1189:alkanet
1145:); and
1143:weaving
1102:dyebath
1074:Same as
891:Cudbear
886:cudbear
852:crottle
842:Crimson
837:crimson
827:mordant
800:carmine
796:crimson
773:Central
757:crimson
753:Carmine
748:carmine
613:) is a
404:cudbear
379:Aniline
374:aniline
364:Central
341:mordant
322:Alkanet
317:alkanet
307:mordant
295:mordant
94:textile
64:is the
5582:Madder
5572:Kermes
5567:Indigo
5547:Fustic
5471:Sulfur
5372:Resist
5334:Kasuri
5322:Dyeing
5303:Dyeing
5261:
5240:
5221:
5200:
5181:
5162:
5141:
5118:
5099:
5080:
5063:
5053:
5034:
5017:
5007:
4988:
4960:
4831:
4821:
4771:
4690:
4682:
4001:Levant
3760:Tannin
3755:tannin
3586:archil
3563:fustic
3559:indigo
3543:indigo
3519:crocin
3507:crocus
3337:madder
3293:, and
2913:Potash
2908:potash
2691:is an
2511:plants
2333:fibers
2292:purple
2254:Madder
2249:madder
2104:Mexico
1904:Kermes
1891:Kermes
1886:kermes
1868:Kendal
1864:indigo
1844:woolen
1685:Indigo
1680:indigo
1636:kermes
1616:sewing
1602:, and
1574:tannin
1432:Mexico
1416:Fustic
1411:fustic
1208:indigo
1151:sewing
1123:fibers
936:cotton
913:, who
903:litmus
899:archil
846:kermes
831:sadden
586:Brazil
408:litmus
394:Archil
389:archil
283:cotton
122:madder
118:indigo
110:kermes
70:colors
62:Dyeing
44:, see
38:sewing
30:dyeing
5649:Dylon
5562:Henna
5537:Cutch
5412:YĹ«zen
5317:Batik
4858:(PDF)
4851:(PDF)
4688:S2CID
4680:JSTOR
4287:Notes
3806:sumac
3762:from
3332:Rubia
3326:rubia
3295:batik
3267:rayon
2698:from
2689:Ochre
2684:ochre
2519:fungi
2327:is a
2262:Rubia
1893:is a
1626:grain
1604:Spain
1092:color
926:Cutch
921:cutch
767:), a
755:is a
347:añil
311:fiber
297:used.
279:India
78:fiber
66:craft
5708:Dyes
5612:Woad
5607:Weld
5451:Acid
5441:Dyes
5327:Ikat
5259:ISBN
5238:ISBN
5219:ISBN
5214:Silk
5198:ISBN
5179:ISBN
5160:ISBN
5139:ISBN
5116:ISBN
5097:ISBN
5078:ISBN
5061:OCLC
5051:ISBN
5032:ISBN
5015:OCLC
5005:ISBN
4986:ISBN
4958:ISBN
4829:PMID
4782:2019
4769:ISBN
4440:2011
4350:See
3985:Woad
3980:woad
3970:Weld
3965:weld
3768:gall
3584:and
3561:and
3291:ikat
2941:dyed
2700:clay
2521:and
2313:weld
2268:and
2106:and
2081:weld
2077:woad
1860:woad
1852:alum
1430:and
1386:fast
1237:weld
1090:are
1088:Dyes
901:and
872:and
775:and
406:and
383:silk
366:and
352:Añil
337:Alum
332:alum
291:wool
289:and
287:silk
120:and
114:woad
108:and
82:yarn
52:and
40:and
5664:Rit
5476:Vat
4819:PMC
4809:doi
4805:408
4672:doi
4645:doi
4160:Top
4017:Top
3844:Top
3787:tin
3778:tin
3764:oak
3634:Top
3349:Top
3125:Top
2979:Top
2716:Top
2549:Top
2359:Top
2299:dye
2287:or
2128:Top
2083:or
1939:Top
1919:oak
1717:Top
1618:or
1444:Top
1418:or
1265:Top
1153:or
1133:or
1117:or
1083:dye
948:Top
771:of
627:Top
420:Top
267:Aal
262:aal
141:Top
86:dye
72:to
5704::
5059:.
5013:.
4905:^
4875:^
4827:.
4817:.
4803:.
4799:.
4765:67
4763:.
4759:.
4727:^
4686:.
4678:.
4668:31
4666:.
4641:40
4639:.
4618:^
4554:^
4522:^
4497:^
4483:^
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4418:^
4386:^
4359:^
4341:^
4327:^
4315:^
4303:^
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3289:,
3285:,
2859:).
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2039:Y
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2009:Q
2004:P
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1994:N
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1984:L
1979:K
1974:I
1969:G
1964:F
1959:D
1954:C
1949:B
1944:A
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