249:
1463:
349:
271:
334:
242:
552:
Berman, E.L., “New
Glucose Polymers” in “Levoglucosenone and Levoglucosanes: Symposium: 204th National meeting”, Zbigniew J. Witczak (editor), American Chemical Society. Division of Carbohydrate Chemistry, 189-214. Publisher: A T L Press, Scientific Publishers
306:
and molecular-weight distribution showed that the polymerization has the features of a living polymerization system. The process takes place without termination and transfer of the polymer chain with a degree of polymerization equal to the mole ratio of the
515:
Berman, E.L., Gorkovenko, A.A., Rogozhkina, E.D., Izumnikov, A.A., and
Ponomarenko, V.A. “Kinetics and Mechanism of Epoxy Ring-Opening Polymerization of 1,6;2,3-Dianhydro-4-O-alkyl-b-D-mannopyranoses” Polymer Sci. USSR, 1988,
534:
Gorkovenko A. A., Berman, E.L., and
Ponomarenko, V.A., Poly(3 4) 2 O methyl 1,6 anhydro b D glucopyranose. The First Example of (3 4) linked Polymer Carbohydrates" Soviet J. Bioorg. Chem. 12 (1986), 514-520
315:. Accordingly, the upper value molecular weight polymer determines only degree of purification system what determine the presence in the system uncontrollable amount of terminators of polymer chains.
525:
Berman E.L. Gorkovenko, A.A., Rogozhkina, E.D., Izyumnikov, A.L., and
Ponomarenko, V.A. "Synthesis of Chiral Derivatives of Poly(Ethylene Oxide)" Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR, Div. Chem. Sci., 1988, 705 707
368:
Glucans serve a diverse set of functions. Within the cell, certain glucans store energy, fortify cellular structure, behave in recognition, and enhance virulence in pathogenic organisms.
454:
Berman, E.L., Gorkovenko A.A., Zubov, V.P., and
Ponomarenko, V.A., "Regio and Stereospecific Synthesis of Polyglucose with Novel Type Bond" Soviet J.Bioorg. Chem. 11 (1985), 1125-1129
360:
with formation of highly intriguing biological application polymers. The polymers are the only known regular polyethers built up of carbohydrate units in main polymer chain.
543:
Berman E.L., Gorkovenko, A.A., and
Ponomarenko, V.A. "Structure and Polymerizability of 1,6;2,3 and 1,6;3,4¬ Dianhydrohexapyranoses" Polymer Sci. USSR, 1988, 30, 497¬-502
206:
Properties of glucans include resistance to oral acids/enzyme and water insolubility. Glucans extracted from grains tend to be both soluble and insoluble.
378:
are notable glucans responsible for storing energy for the cell. Receptor molecules of the immune system, such as the
Complement receptor 3, or CR3, and
506:
Gorkovenko, A.A., Berman, E.L., and
Ponomarenko, V.A. "A New Polymer of Glucose. Poly(2 3) D glucose" Soviet J. Bioorg. Chem., 1987, 13, 218 222
356:
The presence of 1,6-anhydro structure in every unit of polymer chains allows researchers to apply all spectra of well developed methods of
727:
464:
Carlson, LJ (November 1965). "Preparation of 2- and 4-Substituted D-Glucose
Derivatives from 1,6-Anhydro-β-D- glucopyranose".
558:
278:
A wide range of unique monomers with different radical R can be synthesized. There were synthesized polymers with R= -CH
565:
720:
1487:
787:
414:
1280:
1466:
1274:
713:
357:
1268:
1407:
8:
188:
439:
46:
are medically important. They represent a drug target for antifungal medications of the
686:
665:
645:
626:
613:
578:
691:
673:
661:
630:
618:
600:
561:
554:
312:
248:
860:
681:
657:
608:
590:
473:
435:
410:
303:
223:
91:
255:
The first representatives of main chain unhydrolysable linear polymers made up of
1309:
1255:
1235:
1126:
177:
165:
142:
67:
39:
318:
Poly(2-3)-D-glucose was synthesized proceeds by transformation of benzyl (R= -CH
1296:
1093:
850:
827:
807:
595:
215:
31:
1481:
1402:
1319:
1207:
1098:
677:
669:
604:
379:
1286:
1167:
1149:
797:
737:
695:
622:
256:
79:
47:
1444:
1432:
1304:
1215:
963:
958:
898:
705:
345:-galactopyranose) results in formation 3,4-bounded levoglucosan polymer.
130:
117:
43:
477:
382:
receptor, recognize and bind to beta-glucans on invading cell surfaces.
341:
Polymerization of 3,4-epoxy levoglucosan (1,6;3,4-dianhydro-2-O-alkyl-β-
1220:
1162:
1157:
1030:
983:
42:. Glucans are noted in two forms: alpha glucans and beta glucans. Many
1378:
1374:
1329:
1243:
1225:
1192:
1177:
998:
921:
883:
391:
302:. Investigation of the polymerization kinetics of those derivatives,
235:
231:
154:
136:
1395:
1356:
1341:
1314:
1263:
1197:
1070:
1065:
1050:
1035:
951:
946:
766:
761:
371:
171:
160:
103:
97:
492:
Polymerization of 1, 6;2,3 dianhydro 4 O allyl β D manno¬pyranose
226:. Four types of glucose-based polysaccharides are possible: 1,6- (
1437:
1417:
1385:
1360:
1350:
1346:
1324:
1187:
1182:
1172:
1082:
1045:
1040:
1018:
1003:
993:
910:
888:
872:
644:
Goodridge, Helen; Wolf, Andrea; Underhill, David (29 June 2009).
308:
219:
194:
183:
148:
113:
85:
35:
259:
units were synthesized in 1985 by anionic polymerization of 2,3-
1427:
1422:
1412:
1366:
1334:
1121:
1116:
1060:
1023:
1008:
988:
975:
936:
931:
926:
839:
792:
782:
756:
751:
375:
227:
109:
20:
348:
333:
270:
1013:
816:
576:
260:
241:
577:
Ruiz-Herrera, José; Ortiz-Castellanos, Lucila (2019-12-01).
263:
derivatives of levoglucosan (1,6;2,3-dianhydro-4-O-alkyl-β-
643:
490:
426:
Synytsya A, Novak M. Structural analysis of glucans.
646:"β-glucan recognition by the innate immune system"
1479:
163:, a strictly purified β-1,6:β-1,3-glucan from
721:
502:
500:
494:Vysocomol. Soed., Ser. B, 1987, 29, 134 137
735:
728:
714:
685:
612:
594:
497:
413:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
450:
448:
347:
332:
269:
247:
240:
186:, β-1,3- and β-1,6-glucan isolated from
463:
1480:
579:"Cell wall glucans of fungi. A review"
222:monomers. The monomers are linked by
709:
445:
70:and the specific carbons involved):
440:10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2014.02.07
13:
88:, α-1,6-glucan with α-1,3-branches
66:and numbers clarify the type of O-
14:
1499:
1462:
1461:
662:10.1111/j.1600-065X.2009.00793.x
466:The Journal of Organic Chemistry
637:
570:
546:
537:
120:, both α-1,4- and α-1,6-glucans
58:The following are glucans (The
528:
519:
509:
484:
457:
420:
404:
1:
397:
201:
363:
209:
7:
385:
238:), and 1,2-bonded glucans.
10:
1504:
596:10.1016/j.tcsw.2019.100022
330:) functionalized polymer.
128:
77:
18:
16:Class of organic compounds
1457:
1295:
1252:
1234:
1206:
1148:
1141:
1109:
1081:
974:
909:
871:
838:
815:
806:
775:
744:
180:, β-1,3- and β-1,4-glucan
174:, β-1,3- and β-1,4-glucan
157:, β-1,3- and β-1,6-glucan
106:, α-1,4- and α-1,6-glucan
100:, α-1,4- and α-1,6-glucan
94:, α-1,4- and α-1,6-glucan
788:Cyclohexane conformation
415:Medical Subject Headings
73:
53:
19:Not to be confused with
1281:Isomaltooligosaccharide
124:
1275:Galactooligosaccharide
358:carbohydrate chemistry
353:
338:
275:
252:
245:
1269:Fructooligosaccharide
650:Immunological Reviews
351:
336:
273:
251:
244:
478:10.1021/jo01022a517
189:Pleurotus ostreatus
354:
339:
276:
267:-mannopyranoses).
253:
246:
1475:
1474:
1453:
1452:
1137:
1136:
559:978-1-882360-13-0
472:(11): 3953–3955.
344:
266:
1495:
1465:
1464:
1256:oligosaccharides
1236:Tetrasaccharides
1146:
1145:
861:Dihydroxyacetone
813:
812:
730:
723:
716:
707:
706:
700:
699:
689:
641:
635:
634:
616:
598:
583:The Cell Surface
574:
568:
550:
544:
541:
535:
532:
526:
523:
517:
513:
507:
504:
495:
488:
482:
481:
461:
455:
452:
443:
424:
418:
408:
342:
304:molecular weight
264:
224:glycosidic bonds
92:floridean starch
40:glycosidic bonds
1503:
1502:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1488:Polysaccharides
1478:
1477:
1476:
1471:
1449:
1310:Oat beta-glucan
1297:Polysaccharides
1291:
1254:
1248:
1230:
1202:
1133:
1127:Neuraminic acid
1105:
1077:
970:
905:
867:
834:
808:Monosaccharides
802:
771:
740:
734:
704:
703:
642:
638:
575:
571:
551:
547:
542:
538:
533:
529:
524:
520:
514:
510:
505:
498:
489:
485:
462:
458:
453:
446:
428:Ann Transl Med.
425:
421:
409:
405:
400:
388:
366:
329:
325:
321:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
216:polysaccharides
212:
204:
178:oat beta-glucan
166:Lentinus edodes
143:chrysolaminarin
133:
127:
112:, a mixture of
82:
76:
68:glycosidic bond
56:
34:derived from D-
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1501:
1491:
1490:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1469:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1447:
1442:
1441:
1440:
1435:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1408:Levan beta 2→6
1405:
1400:
1399:
1398:
1382:
1371:
1370:
1369:
1353:
1344:
1339:
1338:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1301:
1299:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1289:
1284:
1278:
1272:
1266:
1260:
1258:
1250:
1249:
1247:
1246:
1240:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1212:
1210:
1208:Trisaccharides
1204:
1203:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1154:
1152:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1129:
1119:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1106:
1104:
1103:
1102:
1101:
1096:
1094:Mannoheptulose
1087:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1055:
1054:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1028:
1027:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
980:
978:
972:
971:
969:
968:
967:
966:
956:
955:
954:
949:
941:
940:
939:
934:
929:
924:
915:
913:
907:
906:
904:
903:
902:
901:
893:
892:
891:
886:
877:
875:
869:
868:
866:
865:
864:
863:
855:
854:
853:
851:Glyceraldehyde
844:
842:
836:
835:
833:
832:
831:
830:
828:Glycolaldehyde
821:
819:
810:
804:
803:
801:
800:
795:
790:
785:
779:
777:
773:
772:
770:
769:
764:
759:
754:
748:
746:
742:
741:
733:
732:
725:
718:
710:
702:
701:
636:
569:
545:
536:
527:
518:
508:
496:
483:
456:
444:
419:
402:
401:
399:
396:
395:
394:
387:
384:
365:
362:
327:
323:
319:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
211:
208:
203:
200:
199:
198:
197:, β-1,3-glucan
192:
181:
175:
169:
158:
152:
151:, β-1,3-glucan
146:
145:, β-1,3-glucan
140:
139:, β-1,4-glucan
129:Main article:
126:
123:
122:
121:
107:
101:
95:
89:
78:Main article:
75:
72:
55:
52:
32:polysaccharide
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1500:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1468:
1460:
1459:
1456:
1446:
1443:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1403:Hemicellulose
1401:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1381:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1294:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1251:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1150:Disaccharides
1147:
1144:
1140:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1108:
1100:
1099:Sedoheptulose
1097:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1090:Ketoheptoses
1089:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1057:Deoxy sugars
1056:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
986:
985:
982:
981:
979:
977:
973:
965:
962:
961:
960:
957:
953:
950:
948:
945:
944:
943:Ketopentoses
942:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
919:
918:Aldopentoses
917:
916:
914:
912:
908:
900:
897:
896:
894:
890:
887:
885:
882:
881:
880:Aldotetroses
879:
878:
876:
874:
870:
862:
859:
858:
856:
852:
849:
848:
846:
845:
843:
841:
837:
829:
826:
825:
823:
822:
820:
818:
814:
811:
809:
805:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
780:
778:
774:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
749:
747:
743:
739:
738:carbohydrates
731:
726:
724:
719:
717:
712:
711:
708:
697:
693:
688:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
640:
632:
628:
624:
620:
615:
610:
606:
602:
597:
592:
588:
584:
580:
573:
567:
563:
560:
556:
549:
540:
531:
522:
512:
503:
501:
493:
487:
479:
475:
471:
467:
460:
451:
449:
441:
437:
433:
429:
423:
416:
412:
407:
403:
393:
390:
389:
383:
381:
377:
373:
369:
361:
359:
350:
346:
335:
331:
316:
314:
310:
305:
272:
268:
262:
258:
250:
243:
239:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
218:derived from
217:
207:
196:
193:
191:
190:
185:
182:
179:
176:
173:
170:
168:
167:
162:
159:
156:
153:
150:
147:
144:
141:
138:
135:
134:
132:
119:
115:
111:
108:
105:
102:
99:
96:
93:
90:
87:
84:
83:
81:
71:
69:
65:
61:
51:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
29:
22:
1389:
1384:
1373:
1355:
1287:Maltodextrin
1168:Isomaltulose
959:Deoxy sugars
895:Ketotetrose
798:Mutarotation
656:(1): 38–50.
653:
649:
639:
586:
582:
572:
548:
539:
530:
521:
511:
491:
486:
469:
465:
459:
431:
427:
422:
406:
370:
367:
355:
340:
317:
277:
257:levoglucosan
254:
214:Glucans are
213:
205:
187:
164:
80:Alpha glucan
63:
59:
57:
48:echinocandin
44:beta-glucans
38:, linked by
27:
25:
1445:Xanthan gum
1433:Amylopectin
1305:Beta-glucan
1216:Maltotriose
1031:Ketohexoses
984:Aldohexoses
964:Deoxyribose
899:Erythrulose
857:Ketotriose
847:Aldotriose
352:3,4-Polymer
337:Polyglucose
274:2,3-Polymer
131:Beta glucan
118:amylopectin
1221:Melezitose
1163:Isomaltose
1158:Cellobiose
824:Aldodiose
589:: 100022.
566:1882360133
430:2014 Feb;
398:References
202:Properties
1375:Galactose
1330:Cellulose
1320:Sizofiran
1244:Stachyose
1226:Raffinose
1193:Trehalose
1178:Lactulose
999:Galactose
922:Arabinose
884:Erythrose
736:Types of
678:0105-2896
670:1600-065X
631:108720495
605:2468-2330
392:Glucanase
364:Functions
313:initiator
290:, and -CH
236:laminarin
234:), 1,3- (
232:cellulose
230:), 1,4- (
210:Structure
155:laminarin
137:cellulose
1482:Category
1467:Category
1396:Glycogen
1379:Galactan
1357:Fructose
1342:Chitosan
1315:Lentinan
1264:Acarbose
1198:Turanose
1142:Multiple
1083:Heptoses
1071:Rhamnose
1066:Fuculose
1051:Tagatose
1036:Fructose
952:Xylulose
947:Ribulose
911:Pentoses
873:Tetroses
776:Geometry
767:Pyranose
762:Furanose
696:19594628
623:32743138
434:(2):17.
386:See also
372:Glycogen
172:lichenin
161:lentinan
104:pullulan
98:glycogen
1438:Amylose
1386:Glucose
1361:Fructan
1351:Dextran
1347:Dextrin
1325:Zymosan
1188:Sucrose
1183:Maltose
1173:Lactose
1122:Nonoses
1117:Octoses
1110:Above 7
1046:Sorbose
1041:Psicose
1019:Mannose
1004:Glucose
994:Altrose
976:Hexoses
889:Threose
840:Trioses
745:General
687:6618291
614:7389562
516:413-418
411:Glucans
311:to the
309:monomer
220:glucose
195:zymosan
184:pleuran
149:curdlan
114:amylose
86:dextran
50:class.
36:glucose
1428:Starch
1423:Pectin
1418:Mannan
1413:Lignin
1390:Glucan
1367:Inulin
1335:Chitin
1061:Fucose
1024:Talose
1009:Gulose
989:Allose
937:Xylose
932:Ribose
927:Lyxose
817:Dioses
793:Epimer
783:Anomer
757:Ketose
752:Aldose
694:
684:
676:
668:
629:
621:
611:
603:
564:
557:
417:(MeSH)
376:starch
228:starch
110:starch
28:glucan
21:Glycan
1283:(IMO)
1277:(GOS)
1271:(FOS)
1253:Other
1014:Idose
666:eISSN
627:S2CID
282:, -CH
261:epoxy
74:Alpha
54:Types
30:is a
692:PMID
674:ISSN
619:PMID
601:ISSN
562:ISBN
555:ISBN
374:and
286:CHCH
125:Beta
116:and
62:and
682:PMC
658:doi
654:230
609:PMC
591:doi
474:doi
436:doi
380:CD5
1484::
1388:/
1377:/
1359:/
1349:/
690:.
680:.
672:.
664:.
652:.
648:.
625:.
617:.
607:.
599:.
585:.
581:.
499:^
470:30
468:.
447:^
64:β-
60:α-
26:A
729:e
722:t
715:v
698:.
660::
633:.
593::
587:5
480:.
476::
442:.
438::
432:2
343:D
328:5
326:H
324:6
322:C
320:2
300:5
298:H
296:6
294:C
292:2
288:2
284:2
280:3
265:D
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.