310:(1575–1634), writing nearly 800 years later, also writes that he was democratically elected by the people of Bengal. However, his account is in form of a legend, and is considered historically unreliable. The legend mentions that after a period of anarchy, the people elected several kings in succession, all of whom were consumed by the
223:
in Bengal, people elected Bhadra. He destroyed the
Brahmana feudal lords, but anarchy still prevailed. After this, Gopala became king. He was of menial caste (dasajivinah). Manjusrimulakalpa was quite near in time to the establishment of the rule of the Palas and should be considered more authentic
317:
The historical evidence indicates that Gopala was not elected directly by his subjects, but by a group of feudal chieftains. Such elections were quite common in contemporary tribal societies of the region. The stanza in the
Khalimpur copper plate is a eulogy, and uses the word
197:
means "protector" and was used as an ending for the names of all the Pala monarchs. Pala does not suggest or indicate any ethnic or caste considerations of the Pala dynasty. He came to power in later half of eighth century AD in
214:
There are no inscriptions or monuments which may be definitely ascribed to the period of Gopala's ascendency to throne. He is known through the later literary references and genealogies in inscriptions. According to the
387:, Gopala died at the age of 80, after a reign of 27 years. Not much is known about his life or military career, but at the time of his death, Gopala had bequeathed a large kingdom to his son
745:
411:
A few sources written much after Gopala's death mention him as a
Buddhist, but it is not known if this is true. Taranatha (1575–1634) claimed that Gopala was a staunch
433:
235:
The name of his father was
Vapyata, and his grandfather Dayitavishnu. A eulogy on the Khalimpur copper plate of his son Gopala describes his father Vapyata as a
325:
Based on the different interpretations of the various epigraphs and historical records, the different historians estimate Gopala's reign as follows:
279:("fish justice" i.e. a situation in which the big fish prey on the smaller ones). It was during these times that Gopala came to power around 750 CE.
754:
228:
of
Ghanarama(both sixteenth century works), the Palas are described as low Kshatriyas. Pala's supposed relationship with the Kaivartas or
314:
queen of an earlier king on the night following their election. Gopala, however managed to kill the queen and remained on the throne.
391:(770-810 CE). No records are available about the exact boundaries of Gopala's kingdom, but it might have included almost all of the
790:
728:
701:
671:
639:
492:
865:
541:
284:
Matsyanyayam apakitum prakritibhir
Lakshmiya karam grahitah Sri Gopala iti kshitisa-sirsam chudamani-tatsubha
216:
415:
and a major patron of
Buddhism. He also claimed that Gopala had built the famous Buddhist monastery at
428:
339:
860:
20:
780:
691:
509:
482:
718:
661:
531:
629:
243:("all-knowing" in the sense "highly educated"). The later texts of the Pala period, such as
842:
388:
366:
82:
8:
186:
581:
631:
The
History and Culture of the Pālas of Bengal and Bihar, Cir. 750 A.D.-cir. 1200 A.D.
786:
724:
697:
667:
635:
600:
573:
537:
488:
262:
104:
311:
163:
291:
made the glorious Gopala, the crest jewel of the heads of kings, take the hand of
454:
28:
287:
To put an end to the state of affairs similar to what happens among fishes, the
97:
224:
than other references which are of very late period. In Ballal charita and in
854:
818:
577:
250:
225:
220:
826:
245:
178:
133:
121:
48:
585:
561:
753:. Indian History. Indian Research Institute. p. 36. Archived from
416:
663:
Land of Two Rivers: A History of Bengal from the
Mahabharata to Mujib
307:
267:
412:
396:
229:
190:
151:
400:
292:
128:
116:
32:
24:
392:
272:
182:
239:
304:
303:
is suggestive of "people" in general. The Tibetan Buddhist
249:, mention the Pala rulers as the kings descended from the
459:
Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh: Humanities
805:
History of Buddhism in India, Translation by A Shiefner
206:
after being elected by a group of regional chieftains.
615:
AM Chowdhury, Dynastic History of Bengal, Dhaka, 1967
275:. This situation is described by the Sanskrit phrase
562:"Sudra Rulers and Officials in Early Medieval Times"
529:
778:
659:
852:
743:
689:
271:, a century of anarchy and confusion ensued in
716:
772:
685:
683:
655:
653:
651:
737:
634:Abhinav Publications. pp. 2, 3, 4, 37.
627:
785:. New Age International. pp. 277–287.
720:Political Institutions & Administration
623:
621:
525:
523:
521:
723:. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. pp. 34–.
680:
648:
598:
566:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
16:8th century founder of Indian Pala Dynasty
599:Bhandarkar, Devadatta Ramkrishna (1939).
507:
487:. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. p. 268.
618:
518:
480:
782:Ancient Indian History and Civilization
710:
559:
455:"Matsyanyaya and the Rise of the Palas"
31:. For the Gaudiya Vaishnava group, see
853:
530:Susan L. Huntington (1 January 1984).
511:Palas Of Bengal By Rakhal Das Banerjee
452:
779:Sailendra Nath Sen (1 January 1999).
660:Nitish K. Sengupta (1 January 2011).
533:The "Påala-Sena" Schools of Sculpture
693:European Trade and Colonial Conquest
555:
553:
471:R.C Majumdar. "The History of Bengal
666:. Penguin Books India. p. 40.
461:. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh: 7.
378:
232:also points to the same direction.
13:
690:Biplab Dasgupta (1 January 2005).
14:
877:
717:P.B. Udgaonkar (1 January 1986).
550:
481:Majumdar, Ramesh Chandra (1977).
177:–770s CE) was the founder of the
799:
696:. Anthem Press. pp. 341–.
628:Jhunu Bagchi (1 January 1993).
609:
592:
501:
474:
465:
446:
1:
831:
453:Sharma, Ranjit Kumar (1988).
439:
171:
58:
7:
747:The Early History of Bengal
422:
406:
334:Estimate of Gopala's reign
256:
19:For the mathematician, see
10:
882:
209:
18:
839:
824:
814:
744:Pramode Lal Paul (1939).
295:, the goddess of fortune.
181:, which was based in the
167:
147:
139:
127:
115:
103:
92:
88:
78:
68:
54:
47:
42:
866:Indian Buddhist monarchs
429:List of rulers of Bengal
399:and Banga) and parts of
560:Kotiyal, H. S. (1973).
261:After the death of the
219:, after the end of the
297:
21:Gopala (mathematician)
602:Indian Culture Vol. 6
434:List of Pala emperors
281:
350:AM Chowdhury (1967)
73:position established
605:. pp. 113–114.
187:Indian subcontinent
299:The Sanskrit word
849:
848:
840:Succeeded by
792:978-81-224-1198-0
730:978-81-208-2087-6
703:978-1-84331-029-7
673:978-0-14-341678-4
641:978-81-7017-301-4
536:. Brill Archive.
514:. pp. 45–46.
494:978-81-208-0436-4
385:Manjusrimulakalpa
376:
375:
241:Sarva-vidyavadata
217:Manjusrimulakalpa
157:
156:
96:Deddadevi of the
873:
836:
833:
815:Preceded by
812:
811:
806:
803:
797:
796:
776:
770:
769:
767:
765:
760:on 29 March 2014
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516:
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472:
469:
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462:
450:
379:Reign and legacy
358:BP Sinha (1977)
328:
327:
176:
173:
169:
63:
60:
40:
39:
23:. For the child
881:
880:
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822:
810:
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619:
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597:
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558:
551:
544:
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519:
508:R.D. Banerjee.
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451:
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409:
381:
286:
259:
212:
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110:
61:
36:
29:Gopal (Krishna)
17:
12:
11:
5:
879:
869:
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863:
847:
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838:
823:
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736:
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549:
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395:region (Gaur,
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322:figuratively.
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211:
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185:region of the
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141:
137:
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131:
125:
124:
119:
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107:
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98:Bhadra dynasty
94:
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76:
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66:
65:
56:
52:
51:
45:
44:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
878:
867:
864:
862:
861:Pala emperors
859:
858:
856:
844:
829:
828:
821:
820:
819:Gauda Kingdom
813:
802:
794:
788:
784:
783:
775:
756:
749:
748:
740:
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726:
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721:
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543:90-04-06856-2
539:
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484:Ancient India
477:
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383:According to
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251:Solar dynasty
248:
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233:
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226:Dharmamangala
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218:
207:
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201:
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192:
188:
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180:
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161:
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150:
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77:
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71:
67:
57:
53:
50:
46:
41:
38:
34:
30:
26:
22:
827:Pala Emperor
825:
817:
801:
781:
774:
762:. Retrieved
755:the original
746:
739:
719:
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662:
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532:
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277:matsya nyaya
276:
266:
260:
244:
240:
237:Khanditarati
236:
234:
213:
203:
199:
194:
193:of his name
179:Pala dynasty
159:
158:
122:Pala Dynasty
72:
49:Pala Emperor
37:
835: 750s
340:RC Majumdar
246:Ramacharita
189:. The last
175: 750s
69:Predecessor
62: 750s
855:Categories
843:Dharmapala
440:References
417:Odantapuri
389:Dharmapala
369:(1975–76)
331:Historian
221:Gupta rule
109:Dharmapala
83:Dharmapala
837:–770s CE
578:2249-1937
367:DC Sircar
308:Taranatha
268:Shashanka
230:Mahishyas
170:) (ruled
79:Successor
764:28 March
586:44138596
423:See also
413:Buddhist
407:Religion
397:Varendra
372:750–775
361:755–783
353:756–781
345:750–770
320:prakriti
301:prakriti
289:prakriti
257:Election
191:morpheme
152:Hinduism
148:Religion
64:–770s CE
401:Magadha
342:(1971)
293:Lakshmi
210:Origins
164:Bengali
143:Vapyata
129:Dynasty
111:Vakpala
33:Gopalas
25:Krishna
789:
727:
700:
670:
638:
584:
576:
572:: 82.
540:
491:
393:Bengal
273:Bengal
183:Bengal
160:Gopala
140:Father
93:Spouse
43:Gopala
27:, see
758:(PDF)
751:(PDF)
582:JSTOR
265:king
263:Gauda
168:গোপাল
117:House
105:Issue
55:Reign
787:ISBN
766:2014
725:ISBN
698:ISBN
668:ISBN
636:ISBN
574:ISSN
538:ISBN
489:ISBN
312:Naga
305:lama
204:Gaud
200:Gaur
195:Pala
134:Pala
857::
832:c.
682:^
650:^
620:^
580:.
570:34
568:.
564:.
552:^
520:^
457:.
419:.
403:.
253:.
172:c.
166::
59:c.
795:.
768:.
733:.
706:.
676:.
644:.
588:.
546:.
497:.
202:/
162:(
35:.
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