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design rules in advanced backplanes for higher resolution and faster response time. According to
Corning, Gorilla Glass is specifically a cover glass for the exterior of display devices while Lotus Glass is designed as a glass substrate to be used within liquid crystal display panels. In other words, a single product could incorporate both Gorilla Glass and Lotus Glass.
339:
Gorilla Glass's ninth generation, branded as
Gorilla Armor, was introduced in January 2024. Although Corning hasn't directly compared it to the previous generation, the company claims that the glass performs up to three times better in drop tests onto concrete and is four times more scratch-resistant
347:
Gorilla Glass 7i was introduced in June 2024, specifically targeting intermediate and value-segment smartphones. It offers enhanced drop protection and scratch resistance, outperforming competitive lithium aluminosilicate glasses. According to
Corning, Gorilla Glass 7i can withstand drops from up to
261:
When
Gorilla Glass 3 was announced, Corning indicated that areas for future improvements included reducing reflectivity and susceptibility to fingerprint smudges, changing surface treatments, and the way the glass is finished. Antimicrobial Gorilla Glass, with antibacterial ionic silver incorporated
157:
then contacted
Corning and asked for a thin, toughened glass to be used in its new phone. The scratch-resistant glass that shipped on the first-generation iPhone would eventually come to be known as Gorilla Glass, officially introduced in February 2008. Corning further developed the material for a
249:
on
January 7. According to Corning, the material is up to three times more scratch-resistant than the previous version, with enhanced ability to resist deep scratches that typically weaken glass. Promotional material for Gorilla Glass 3 claims that it is 40% more scratch-resistant in addition to
815:
displays. The intrinsic thermal consistency of Lotus Glass allows it to retain its shape and quality during high-temperature processing. Decreased compaction and variation during the crystallization and activation step further reduce stress and distortions to the substrate. This enables tighter
331:
Gorilla Glass Victus 2 was introduced in
November 2022. The second-generation Victus has a new composition for improved drop performance on rough surfaces like concrete. In terms of scratch resistance, it is said to be similar to its predecessor. However, according to user reports, the glass is
297:
Gorilla Glass DX and DX+ were introduced in July 2018, following the launch of
Gorilla Glass 6. An extension of Gorilla Glass SR+, Gorilla Glass DX features enhanced antireflective optics with the same scratch resistance of Gorilla Glass, while Gorilla Glass DX+ provides enhanced antireflective
2349:
1234:
Corning CEO Wendell Weeks gave Steve Jobs a demonstration of his company's glass material. Jobs was impressed and decided to use
Corning's glass protection for the original iPhone, as explained in Walter Isaacson's authorized biography of the late Apple
234:
Gorilla Glass, initially featured on the original iPhone upon its release in June 2007, was formally unveiled in
February 2008. By 2010, the glass had been used in approximately 20% of mobile handsets worldwide, or about 200 million units.
2208:
143:
Experimentation was revived in 2005, investigating whether the glass could be made thin enough for use in consumer electronics. Although not called Gorilla Glass at the time, it was brought into commercial use with the launch of the
250:
being more flexible. The design of Gorilla Glass 3 was Corning's first use of atomic-scale modeling before the material was melted in laboratories, with the prediction of the optimal composition obtained through the application of
298:
optics with superior scratch resistance. While primarily intended for wearable mobile devices, developments were underway to adapt these new glass composites to larger form-factor devices. Gorilla Glass DX+ was first used on the
340:
than competitive aluminosilicate cover glasses. Additionally, it enhances visual clarity by reducing reflectance by up to 75% compared to a typical glass surface, thereby improving display readability. It was first used on the
152:
revealed in January 2007 still featured a plastic display. The day after he held up the plastic iPhone on stage, Jobs complained about scratches that had developed on the phone's display after carrying it around in his pocket.
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Gorilla Glass 3+ was introduced in August 2019. It was designed for intermediate and value-segment mobile devices, and its drop performance bridges the gap between Gorilla Glass 3 and Gorilla Glass 5 in this market segment.
2407:
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Gorilla Glass Victus was introduced in July 2020. It improves both drop and scratch performance and is claimed by Corning to be twice as scratch-resistant as Gorilla Glass 6. It was first used on the
2015:
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susceptible to micro-scratches, and it has been suggested that this could be due to the use of softer materials for improved resistance to shattering. Gorilla Glass Victus 2 was first used on the
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Gorilla Glass 6 was introduced in July 2018. It has the scratch resistance of Gorilla Glass 5, but is designed to withstand multiple drops from even greater heights. It was first used on the
104:. As of October 2017, Gorilla Glass was used in approximately five billion devices worldwide. Despite its market dominance, Gorilla Glass faces competition from similar products, including
1961:
1860:
269:
Gorilla Glass 4 was introduced in November 2014. It has better damage resistance and capability to be made thinner with the same performance as its predecessor. It was first used on the
1987:
283:
Gorilla Glass SR+ was introduced in August 2016. It was designed for wearable mobile devices, focusing on toughness, scratch resistance, and optical clarity. It was first used on the
1925:
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3000:
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Corning experimented with chemically strengthened glass in 1960 as part of a "Project Muscle" initiative. Within a few years they had developed a "muscled glass" marketed as
1287:
132:. The product was used until the early 1990s in commercial and industrial applications, including automotive, aviation and pharmaceutical uses, notably in approximately 100
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one meter onto rough surfaces, an improvement over similar materials that typically fail at half that height, while also being up to two times as scratch-resistant.
1605:
2847:
1135:
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42:
now in its ninth generation. Designed to be thin, light, and damage-resistant, its surface strength and crack-resistance are achieved through immersion in a hot
2169:
2143:
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928:
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2011:
1522:
226:, giving the glass surface increased strength, the ability to contain flaws, and overall crack-resistance, making it resistant to damage from everyday use.
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In July 2021, Corning announced that it will bring its Gorilla Glass DX and DX+ glass composites to cover smartphone camera lenses and said that
2097:
2460:"Galaxy S23 Ultra's Gorilla Glass Victus 2 Is Not Scratch-Resistant; Owner Claims Flagship Received 'Micro-Abrasions' While Kept In the Pocket"
1830:
238:
Gorilla Glass 2 was introduced in January 2012. The second generation is 20% thinner than the original Gorilla Glass. It was first used on the
2830:"Corning Unveils Corning Lotus Glass for High-Performance Displays – New composition enables OLED and next generation liquid crystal displays"
2527:
1979:
2949:
3349:
2902:"Corning and Samsung Mobile Display Form New OLED Glass Venture – New business expands Corning's long-standing collaboration with Samsung"
1852:
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Mobile Display Co., Ltd. signed an agreement to establish a new equity venture for the manufacture of specialty glass substrates for the
1950:
1555:
2992:
1039:
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1490:
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1279:
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1632:
1951:"Mobile Phones, Smartphones, Slates, Tablets, Notebooks, Wearables and other devices with Gorilla Glass – Corning Gorilla Glass"
1076:
320:
would be the first customer to adopt them. The first Samsung phones to use Gorilla Glass DX protection for the cameras were the
3812:
165:
Corning markets the material's primary properties as its high scratch-resistance (protective coating) and its hardness (with a
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3472:
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1258:
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Gorilla Glass 5 was introduced in July 2016. It offers better resistance to cracking from drops and was first used on the
3354:
957:
2703:
2598:
1596:
2855:
1127:
1359:
3394:
3062:
936:
2973:
2459:
2291:"Corning Introduces Corning Gorilla Glass Victus, The Toughest Gorilla Glass Yet For Mobile Consumer Electronics"
1512:
800:
is a chemically hardened glass also known as Ceverit and CV-Glas. It was developed in East Germany in the 1970s.
2144:"Corning Introduces Corning Gorilla Glass 6, Delivering Improved Durability for Next-Generation Mobile Devices"
2554:"Samsung Galaxy S24 Ultra Creates New Standards of Durability and Visual Clarity with Corning® Gorilla® Armor"
2036:
1427:
3259:
2887:
2346:"Corning Expands Corning® Gorilla® Glass Composite Products to Optimize Performance of Mobile Device Cameras"
39:
2680:"Corning introduces Gorilla Glass 4, next generation of chemically strengthened glass for displays, devices"
827:
device market in Korea. The joint venture is based on Lotus Glass. Lotus XT Glass became available in 2013.
3797:
310:
169:
rating of 622 to 701), which allows the glass to be thin without being fragile. The glass can be recycled.
3807:
3374:
2901:
2829:
1904:
1728:
1342:
987:
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ions from the salt bath. The larger ions occupy more volume and thereby create a surface layer of high
2093:
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251:
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announced that it would use the material for the windshield and rear window of its second-generation
1822:
3792:
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3239:
3194:
2519:
881:
3503:
3488:
929:"How Gorilla Glass is Made | Glass Composition and Manufacturing Process | Corning Gorilla Glass"
325:
321:
145:
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1547:
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3369:
812:
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242:. In October 2012, Corning announced that over one billion mobile devices used Gorilla Glass.
3802:
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620:
277:
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85:
73:
19:
3543:
3454:
3204:
3139:
3119:
2578:"Corning Launches Corning® Gorilla® Glass 7i, Expanding Portfolio of Durable Cover Glasses"
1804:"Corning Gorilla Glass 3 to be three times more scratch resistant than previous generation"
1047:
299:
270:
239:
3319:
1250:
Walter Isaacson Great Innovators e-book boxed set: Steve Jobs, Benjamin Franklin, Einstein
1185:
8:
3621:
3548:
3414:
3334:
3269:
3224:
1309:"iPhone Delivers Up to Eight Hours of Talk Time – Now Features Durable Glass Top Surface"
317:
64:
sheet glass is primarily used as cover glass for portable electronic devices, including
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3631:
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3314:
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3229:
3174:
3129:
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2881:
1254:
1164:
1068:
873:
748:
255:
77:
1186:"Glass Works: How Corning Created the Ultrathin, Ultrastrong Material of the Future"
3513:
3498:
3249:
3234:
1777:
207:
180:
sports car going on sale in 2016. It later spread to mainstream models such as the
47:
2262:"Corning Adds Corning® Gorilla® Glass 3+ to Portfolio of Advantaged Cover Glasses"
3766:
3726:
3721:
3656:
3598:
3583:
3379:
3159:
3114:
2876:. Smart keitai. October 26, 2011. Archived from the original on January 16, 2012.
2111:
1598:
Electronic Design – Specialty Glass: a new design element in consumer electronics
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61:
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3626:
3439:
3384:
3364:
3289:
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3149:
3134:
3099:
1517:
886:
3199:
3043:
2205:"Corning Announces Corning® Gorilla® Glass DX and Corning® Gorilla® Glass DX+"
1367:
965:
3786:
3736:
3706:
3671:
3636:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3508:
3444:
3344:
3299:
3284:
3179:
1020:
578:
210:
at a temperature of approximately 400 °C (750 °F), wherein smaller
185:
1487:"Gorilla Glass, used for cell phones, is coming to cars - Houston Chronicle"
3711:
3701:
3681:
3641:
3593:
3538:
3518:
3389:
3309:
3164:
3109:
3104:
2977:
1980:"Samsung Galaxy Alpha Was The First Phone To Use Corning's Gorilla Glass 4"
1926:"Corning Redefines the Standard in Damage Resistance With Gorilla® Glass 4"
215:
50:
35:
3054:
2950:"Tom's Hardware, Gorilla Glass Maker Corning Debuts Flexible Willow Glass"
140:
racing cars in 1968, where minimizing the vehicle's weight was essential.
3666:
3651:
3563:
3553:
3449:
3209:
1679:"Corning, After Thinning Out Gorilla Glass, Makes New Generation Tougher"
1628:
1513:"Gorilla Glass Windshields Are Impressive, but Are They Worth the Money?"
109:
97:
1098:"Gorilla Glass 6 gives phones a better shot at surviving multiple drops"
3696:
3359:
3264:
2520:"Galaxy S23 series to be the first phone to use Gorilla Glass Victus 2"
845:
181:
159:
154:
149:
133:
81:
69:
65:
2429:"Corning unveils Gorilla Glass Victus 2 with improved drop protection"
1753:"Corning Launches New Gorilla® Glass 3 with Native Damage Resistance™"
3751:
3676:
3661:
3419:
3404:
3324:
3244:
3219:
3169:
3025:
2993:"Apple's new iPhone 12 line-up comes with a ceramic-hardened display"
2372:"Galaxy S22 Ultra has Gorilla Glass camera protection, says new leak"
1853:"Gorilla Glass 3 explained (and it is a modeling first for Corning!)"
1218:"Glass vendor Corning to receive $ 200 million from Apple's new fund"
1072:
849:
797:
219:
113:
43:
1339:"Corning Extends Fusion Process to Tackle Touch-Screen Applications"
1390:"The science behind stronger display glass on your phone, computer"
263:
246:
204:
105:
89:
24:
1580:. Inside Science, Sophie Bushwick, February 4, 2015. 17 May 2013.
1040:"Gorilla Glass maker unveils ultra-thin and flexible Willow Glass"
988:"Corning Announces Transfer of Corning® Gorilla® Glass Production"
867:
3771:
3746:
3646:
3279:
3189:
3184:
3154:
1876:"Samsung Galaxy S4's Gorilla Glass 3 screen is nearly invincible"
1708:"New Corning® Gorilla® Glass 2 Selected for Samsung GALAXY S III"
820:
453:
201:
177:
162:
and other consumer electronics devices for a range of companies.
2404:"Corning Redefines Tough with Corning® Gorilla® Glass Victus® 2"
803:
On October 26, 2011, Corning announced the commercial launch of
3399:
3294:
2851:
2317:"Samsung Galaxy Note20 Ultra | Samsung | Corning Gorilla Glass"
1595:
Walton, Donnell; Amin, Jaymin; Shashdhar, Naga (12 July 2010),
211:
101:
57:
3756:
3716:
3691:
3339:
3214:
3144:
1016:"One of the world's oldest products faces the digital future"
2490:"Galaxy S23 Ultra Is Not as Scratch-Resistant as It Claims!"
2231:"Corning Gorilla Glass DX+ Chosen for Samsung Galaxy Watch"
2037:"The Galaxy Note 7 is the first phone with Gorilla Glass 5"
824:
808:
93:
2112:"Samsung Gear S3 watches get bigger screens and batteries"
2170:"Samsung Galaxy Note10 | Samsung | Corning Gorilla Glass"
1280:"What happened to the original iPhone's plastic screen?"
844:, a ceramic-hardened front glass, was co-developed with
1354:
1352:
2704:"MatWeb - Corning Gorilla® Glass 4 Touch Screen Glass"
1152:"36 – The iPhone: Three Revolutionary Products in One"
1100:. Engadget, July 19, 2018, Jon Fingas. 18 July 2018.
262:
into its surface, was introduced and demonstrated at
2094:"Corning introduces Gorilla Glass SR+ for wearables"
2069:"Corning introduces Gorilla Glass SR+ for wearables"
1349:
863:
1905:"Corning Unveils World's First Antimicrobial Cover"
1594:
1801:
1150:
2862:
254:. The first phone to use Gorilla Glass 3 was the
3784:
2941:
1341:(Press release). 8 February 2008. Archived from
1212:
1210:
1578:"What Stresses Gorilla Glass Makes It Stronger"
2029:
819:On February 2, 2012, Corning Incorporated and
3070:
1844:
1207:
1128:"Gorilla Glass, the Smartphone's Unsung Hero"
123:
16:Chemically strengthened glass made by Corning
2870:"Corning Lotus Glass to compliment [
1010:
1008:
3084:
2927:"Corning: Corning Lotus XT Glass, May 2013"
2012:"Corning Unveils Corning® Gorilla® Glass 5"
1381:
980:
904:
902:
838:, launched for use as a display substrate.
351:
3077:
3063:
3030:
2947:
2802:"Corning Gorilla Glass Victus 2 datasheet"
2233:(Press release). Corning. August 9, 2018.
1542:
1540:
3350:Pauly & C. - Compagnia Venezia Murano
2848:"Corning Lotus Glass and Gorilla Glass 2"
1873:
1673:
1671:
1570:
1121:
1119:
1005:
964:. Corning. March 10, 2012. Archived from
2774:"Corning Gorilla Glass Victus datasheet"
2548:
2546:
2544:
2293:(Press release). Corning. 23 July 2020.
2207:(Press release). Corning. 18 July 2018.
2146:(Press release). Corning. 18 July 2018.
1246:
1183:
1148:
1142:
899:
18:
2990:
2677:
2256:
2254:
2252:
2162:
1622:
1537:
3785:
2904:(press release). Corning. 2012-02-02.
2517:
2487:
2457:
2406:(Press release). Corning. 2022-11-30.
2348:(Press release). Corning. 2021-07-22.
2199:
2197:
2195:
2138:
2136:
2104:
2100:from the original on 27 February 2017.
2071:(Press release). Corning. 2016-08-31.
2063:
2061:
2014:(Press release). Corning. 2016-07-20.
2006:
2004:
1928:(Press release). Corning. 2014-11-20.
1920:
1918:
1820:
1810:from the original on 27 February 2017.
1755:(Press release). Corning. 2013-01-07.
1747:
1745:
1668:
1664:from the original on 27 February 2017.
1658:"Corning Unveils New Gorilla® Glass 2"
1652:
1650:
1616:
1584:from the original on February 5, 2015.
1525:from the original on 25 September 2019
1511:Atiyeh, Clifford (25 September 2019).
1510:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1277:
1224:from the original on November 14, 2017
1138:from the original on January 15, 2013.
1116:
3473:List of defunct glassmaking companies
3058:
2966:
2572:
2570:
2541:
2439:from the original on 19 December 2022
2398:
2396:
2369:
2285:
2283:
2281:
2237:from the original on January 18, 2021
2096:. Android Authority. 31 August 2016.
1635:from the original on January 25, 2012
1611:from the original on 25 December 2014
1558:from the original on 13 November 2014
1548:"How It's Made: Ion-exchange process"
1446:
1444:
1387:
1125:
1090:
1028:from the original on 14 October 2017.
196:During its manufacture, the glass is
2580:(Press release). Corning. 2024-06-04
2556:(Press release). Corning. 2024-01-17
2249:
2211:from the original on 8 December 2021
1850:
1710:(Press release). Corning. 2012-05-29
1461:. Corning. p. 2. Archived from
1400:from the original on 26 October 2011
1311:(Press release). Apple. 2007-06-18.
2746:"Corning Gorilla Glass 6 datasheet"
2718:"Corning Gorilla Glass 5 datasheet"
2651:"Corning Gorilla Glass 3 datasheet"
2623:"Corning Gorilla Glass 2 datasheet"
2599:"MatWeb - Corning Gorilla® Glass 2"
2192:
2133:
2058:
2001:
1977:
1915:
1742:
1647:
1623:Ulanoff, Lance (January 12, 2011).
1388:Nusca, Andrew (December 22, 2009).
1326:
994:from the original on March 11, 2014
950:
792:
13:
2567:
2393:
2278:
1441:
1220:. idownloadblog.com. 12 May 2017.
1104:from the original on July 19, 2018
245:Gorilla Glass 3 was introduced at
14:
3834:
3017:
2488:Shanto, Abid Ahsan (2023-02-15).
2297:from the original on 24 July 2020
2150:from the original on 19 July 2018
1802:Dante D'Orazio (3 January 2013).
1660:(Press release). 9 January 2012.
1625:"Why Is Gorilla Glass So Strong?"
1159:. Simon & Schuster. pp.
1126:Pogue, David (December 9, 2010).
2974:"Willow Glass (2014 fact sheet)"
2948:McEntegart, Jane (4 June 2012).
2937:from the original on 2015-03-12.
2836:from the original on 2012-06-15.
2180:from the original on 17 May 2020
1967:from the original on 2016-01-31.
1911:from the original on 2014-12-15.
1874:Skipworth, Hunter (2013-04-22).
1863:from the original on 2014-01-26.
1859:. The American Ceramic Society.
1267:from the original on 2018-05-10.
866:
848:and is used on all iPhones from
200:. The material is immersed in a
34:, developed and manufactured by
3003:from the original on 2020-11-01
2984:
2919:
2908:from the original on 2013-10-15
2894:
2840:
2822:
2794:
2766:
2738:
2710:
2696:
2671:
2643:
2615:
2591:
2530:from the original on 2023-03-04
2511:
2481:
2470:from the original on 2023-04-01
2451:
2421:
2410:from the original on 2022-12-04
2382:from the original on 2022-12-22
2363:
2352:from the original on 2022-12-18
2338:
2327:from the original on 2021-01-14
2309:
2223:
2122:from the original on 2016-08-31
2086:
2075:from the original on 2022-12-05
2047:from the original on 2016-08-28
2018:from the original on 2022-12-05
1990:from the original on 2022-12-22
1971:
1943:
1932:from the original on 2022-12-05
1897:
1886:from the original on 2022-12-22
1867:
1833:from the original on 2013-10-20
1814:
1795:
1784:from the original on 2013-10-28
1770:
1759:from the original on 2022-12-05
1737:from the original on 2012-10-26
1721:
1700:
1689:from the original on 2013-11-03
1588:
1504:
1479:
1412:
1315:from the original on 2022-12-05
1301:
1290:from the original on 2022-12-05
1271:
1240:
1196:from the original on 2022-12-05
1177:
1079:from the original on 2013-11-03
84:screens. It is manufactured in
1851:Wray, Peter (7 January 2013).
1184:Gardiner, Bryan (2012-09-24).
1061:
1032:
921:
229:
191:
148:in June 2007. The iPhone that
1:
3813:Glass engineering and science
3410:Sterlite Optical Technologies
3260:Kokomo Opalescent Glass Works
2991:Vincent, James (2020-10-13).
1278:Ricker, Thomas (2019-07-09).
915:
664:Vickers hardness (200g load):
40:chemically strengthened glass
2678:Wallace, John (2014-11-20).
1821:Lidsky, David (2013-02-11).
908:For wearable mobile devices.
834:, a flexible glass based on
830:In 2012, Corning introduced
311:Samsung Galaxy Note 20 Ultra
7:
3818:Glass trademarks and brands
2518:McNeal, Ryan (2023-01-26).
2458:Sohail, Omar (2023-02-15).
2370:Matei, Mihai (2022-01-05).
1958:www.corninggorillaglass.com
859:
224:residual compressive stress
27:with a Gorilla Glass screen
10:
3839:
990:. Corning. March 6, 2014.
854:third-generation iPhone SE
124:Background and development
3612:
3481:
3463:
3090:
2886:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
2832:. Corning. Oct 25, 2011.
1978:Lee, Tyler (2014-12-10).
1827:Most innovative companies
1733:, Corning, Oct 24, 2012,
1426:. Corning. Archived from
1366:. Corning. Archived from
1247:Isaacson, Walter (2011).
1149:Isaacson, Walter (2011).
625:Unstrengthened in kgf/mm
198:toughened by ion exchange
3200:Firozabad glass industry
3195:Fenton Art Glass Company
3038:Lotus Glass product page
892:
882:Overflow downdraw method
752:(0–300 °C) in 10/K
352:Comparison of properties
342:Samsung Galaxy S24 Ultra
3504:Irving Wightman Colburn
3085:Glass makers and brands
2854:: Gizmo. Archived from
666:Strengthened in kgf/mm
1253:. Simon and Schuster.
74:portable media players
28:
3569:Henry William Stiegel
3300:Mats Jonasson MĂĄlerĂĄs
3240:Holmegaard Glassworks
1345:on 26 September 2008.
278:Samsung Galaxy Note 7
167:Vickers hardness test
22:
3544:Michael Joseph Owens
3120:Aurora Glass Foundry
2874:] Gorilla Glass"
2858:on October 29, 2014.
1420:"Full Products List"
852:onwards (except the
811:and next-generation
300:Samsung Galaxy Watch
271:Samsung Galaxy Alpha
240:Samsung Galaxy S III
3798:American inventions
3632:Bomex/Duran/Endural
3549:Alastair Pilkington
3225:Guardian Industries
3130:Barovier & Toso
2435:. 1 December 2022.
1459:Technical Materials
1024:. 12 October 2017.
968:on October 28, 2013
357:
3808:Glass applications
3494:Richard M. Atwater
3315:Nippon Sheet Glass
3255:Kingdom of Crystal
3175:Dartington Crystal
2041:androidcentral.com
1857:Ceramic Tech Today
1132:The New York Times
836:borosilicate glass
706:Fracture toughness
356:
334:Samsung Galaxy S23
292:Samsung Galaxy S10
214:ions in the glass
172:In December 2015,
138:Plymouth Barracuda
118:synthetic sapphire
116:'s Xensation, and
29:
3823:Materials science
3780:
3779:
3589:Tomasz Urbanowicz
3579:Lino Tagliapietra
3574:S. Donald Stookey
3425:Val Saint Lambert
3320:NiĹľbor glassworks
3235:Hardman & Co.
2684:Laser Focus World
2524:Android Authority
2433:Business Standard
1260:978-1-4516-7760-7
1170:978-1-4516-4853-9
874:Technology portal
790:
789:
749:thermal expansion
256:Samsung Galaxy S4
78:portable computer
3830:
3529:Edward D. Libbey
3499:Frederick Carder
3079:
3072:
3065:
3056:
3055:
3046:
3045:Why Glass Breaks
3034:
3029:
3028:
3026:Official website
3012:
3011:
3009:
3008:
2988:
2982:
2981:
2970:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2945:
2939:
2938:
2923:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2913:
2898:
2892:
2891:
2885:
2877:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2844:
2838:
2837:
2826:
2820:
2819:
2817:
2815:
2806:
2798:
2792:
2791:
2789:
2787:
2778:
2770:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2759:
2750:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2722:
2714:
2708:
2707:
2700:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2675:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2664:
2655:
2647:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2636:
2630:valleydesign.com
2627:
2619:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2609:
2595:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2585:
2574:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2561:
2550:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2535:
2515:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2496:. Archived from
2485:
2479:
2478:
2476:
2475:
2455:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2444:
2425:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2415:
2400:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2387:
2367:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2357:
2342:
2336:
2335:
2333:
2332:
2313:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2287:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2258:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2216:
2201:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2166:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2140:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2127:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2090:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2080:
2065:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2052:
2033:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2023:
2008:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1995:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1955:
1947:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1937:
1922:
1913:
1912:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1871:
1865:
1864:
1848:
1842:
1841:
1839:
1838:
1829:. Fast Company.
1818:
1812:
1811:
1799:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1789:
1774:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1764:
1749:
1740:
1738:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1715:
1704:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1694:
1675:
1666:
1665:
1654:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1640:
1620:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1603:
1592:
1586:
1585:
1574:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1544:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1508:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1498:
1489:. Archived from
1483:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1473:
1467:
1456:
1448:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1435:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1375:
1356:
1347:
1346:
1335:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1320:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1295:
1275:
1269:
1268:
1244:
1238:
1237:
1231:
1229:
1214:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1201:
1181:
1175:
1174:
1154:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1123:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1085:
1084:
1065:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1046:. Archived from
1036:
1030:
1029:
1012:
1003:
1002:
1000:
999:
984:
978:
977:
975:
973:
954:
948:
947:
945:
944:
935:. Archived from
925:
909:
906:
876:
871:
870:
793:Related products
621:Vickers hardness
358:
355:
38:, is a brand of
3838:
3837:
3833:
3832:
3831:
3829:
3828:
3827:
3793:American brands
3783:
3782:
3781:
3776:
3614:
3608:
3599:John M. Whitall
3584:W. E. S. Turner
3477:
3465:
3459:
3440:Watts & Co.
3160:Caithness Glass
3092:
3086:
3083:
3044:
3024:
3023:
3020:
3015:
3006:
3004:
2989:
2985:
2972:
2971:
2967:
2958:
2956:
2946:
2942:
2925:
2924:
2920:
2911:
2909:
2900:
2899:
2895:
2879:
2878:
2868:
2867:
2863:
2846:
2845:
2841:
2828:
2827:
2823:
2813:
2811:
2804:
2800:
2799:
2795:
2785:
2783:
2776:
2772:
2771:
2767:
2757:
2755:
2748:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2729:
2727:
2720:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2702:
2701:
2697:
2688:
2686:
2676:
2672:
2662:
2660:
2653:
2649:
2648:
2644:
2634:
2632:
2625:
2621:
2620:
2616:
2607:
2605:
2597:
2596:
2592:
2583:
2581:
2576:
2575:
2568:
2559:
2557:
2552:
2551:
2542:
2533:
2531:
2516:
2512:
2503:
2501:
2486:
2482:
2473:
2471:
2456:
2452:
2442:
2440:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2413:
2411:
2402:
2401:
2394:
2385:
2383:
2368:
2364:
2355:
2353:
2344:
2343:
2339:
2330:
2328:
2315:
2314:
2310:
2300:
2298:
2289:
2288:
2279:
2270:
2268:
2266:www.corning.com
2260:
2259:
2250:
2240:
2238:
2229:
2228:
2224:
2214:
2212:
2203:
2202:
2193:
2183:
2181:
2174:www.corning.com
2168:
2167:
2163:
2153:
2151:
2142:
2141:
2134:
2125:
2123:
2110:
2109:
2105:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2078:
2076:
2067:
2066:
2059:
2050:
2048:
2035:
2034:
2030:
2021:
2019:
2010:
2009:
2002:
1993:
1991:
1976:
1972:
1964:
1953:
1949:
1948:
1944:
1935:
1933:
1924:
1923:
1916:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1889:
1887:
1872:
1868:
1849:
1845:
1836:
1834:
1819:
1815:
1800:
1796:
1787:
1785:
1778:"Gorilla Glass"
1776:
1775:
1771:
1762:
1760:
1751:
1750:
1743:
1727:
1726:
1722:
1713:
1711:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1692:
1690:
1677:
1676:
1669:
1656:
1655:
1648:
1638:
1636:
1621:
1617:
1608:
1601:
1593:
1589:
1576:
1575:
1571:
1561:
1559:
1546:
1545:
1538:
1528:
1526:
1509:
1505:
1496:
1494:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1454:
1452:"Gorilla Glass"
1450:
1449:
1442:
1433:
1431:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1403:
1401:
1386:
1382:
1373:
1371:
1358:
1357:
1350:
1337:
1336:
1327:
1318:
1316:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1293:
1291:
1276:
1272:
1261:
1245:
1241:
1227:
1225:
1216:
1215:
1208:
1199:
1197:
1182:
1178:
1171:
1147:
1143:
1124:
1117:
1107:
1105:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1082:
1080:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1053:
1051:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1014:
1013:
1006:
997:
995:
986:
985:
981:
971:
969:
956:
955:
951:
942:
940:
933:www.corning.com
927:
926:
922:
918:
913:
912:
907:
900:
895:
872:
865:
862:
807:, designed for
795:
751:
747:Coefficient of
665:
624:
538:Poisson's ratio
496:Young's modulus
354:
326:Galaxy Z Flip 3
322:Galaxy Z Fold 3
285:Samsung Gear S3
252:rigidity theory
232:
194:
126:
62:aluminosilicate
17:
12:
11:
5:
3836:
3826:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3732:Satsuma Kiriko
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3618:
3616:
3610:
3609:
3607:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3485:
3483:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3475:
3469:
3467:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3385:Royal Brierley
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3365:PPG Industries
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3290:Johns Manville
3287:
3282:
3277:
3275:Liuli Gongfang
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3150:Bormioli Rocco
3147:
3142:
3137:
3135:Berengo Studio
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3100:Anchor Hocking
3096:
3094:
3088:
3087:
3082:
3081:
3074:
3067:
3059:
3053:
3052:
3041:
3035:
3019:
3018:External links
3016:
3014:
3013:
2983:
2976:(fact sheet).
2965:
2954:Tom’s hardware
2940:
2918:
2893:
2861:
2839:
2821:
2793:
2765:
2737:
2709:
2695:
2670:
2642:
2614:
2603:www.matweb.com
2590:
2566:
2540:
2510:
2480:
2450:
2420:
2392:
2362:
2337:
2308:
2277:
2248:
2222:
2191:
2161:
2132:
2118:. 2016-08-31.
2103:
2085:
2057:
2043:. 2016-08-02.
2028:
2000:
1970:
1942:
1914:
1896:
1866:
1843:
1813:
1794:
1769:
1741:
1720:
1699:
1667:
1646:
1615:
1587:
1569:
1536:
1518:Car and Driver
1503:
1478:
1440:
1411:
1380:
1348:
1325:
1300:
1270:
1259:
1239:
1206:
1176:
1169:
1141:
1115:
1089:
1060:
1031:
1004:
979:
949:
919:
917:
914:
911:
910:
897:
896:
894:
891:
890:
889:
887:Tempered glass
884:
878:
877:
861:
858:
842:Ceramic Shield
794:
791:
788:
787:
785:
783:
780:
777:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
762:
759:
756:
753:
744:
743:
741:
739:
736:
733:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
718:
715:
712:
709:
702:
701:
699:
697:
694:
691:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
676:
673:
670:
667:
661:
660:
658:
656:
653:
650:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
635:
632:
629:
626:
617:
616:
614:
612:
609:
606:
604:
602:
599:
597:
594:
591:
588:
585:
582:
575:
574:
572:
570:
567:
564:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
549:
546:
543:
540:
534:
533:
531:
529:
526:
523:
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
508:
505:
502:
499:
492:
491:
489:
487:
484:
481:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
466:
463:
460:
457:
450:
449:
446:
443:
440:
437:
434:
431:
428:
425:
422:
419:
416:
413:
410:
406:
405:
402:
399:
396:
393:
390:
385:
382:
377:
374:
371:
368:
365:
362:
353:
350:
231:
228:
208:potassium salt
193:
190:
125:
122:
80:displays, and
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3835:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3790:
3788:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3611:
3605:
3604:Caspar Wistar
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3534:Dante Marioni
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3524:Deming Jarves
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3509:Henry Crimmel
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3486:
3484:
3480:
3474:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3462:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3445:World Kitchen
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3345:Owens Corning
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
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3539:Antonio Neri
3519:A. H. Heisey
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3140:Blenko Glass
3110:Ardagh Group
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51:ion-exchange
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30:
3667:Dragontrail
3652:CorningWare
3564:Otto Schott
3554:Flavio Poli
3482:Glassmakers
3450:Xinyi Glass
3395:Saint-Louis
3305:Moser Glass
3205:Franz Mayer
2931:corning.com
2809:corning.com
2781:corning.com
2753:corning.com
2725:corning.com
2658:corning.com
2215:12 November
2176:. Samsung.
1880:Pocket-lint
1780:. Corning.
1629:PC Magazine
1604:, Corning,
1554:. Corning.
1394:SmartPlanet
1069:"Xensation"
972:November 1,
805:Lotus Glass
361:Generation
230:Generations
192:Manufacture
160:smartphones
158:variety of
110:Dragontrail
98:South Korea
86:Harrodsburg
66:smartphones
3787:Categories
3697:Millefiori
3615:and brands
3613:Trademarks
3489:John Adams
3360:Pilkington
3265:Kosta Boda
3040:at Corning
3007:2023-04-14
2959:2013-11-01
2912:2013-11-01
2689:2023-12-19
2608:2023-12-19
2584:2024-08-23
2560:2024-01-18
2534:2023-03-04
2504:2023-04-01
2474:2023-04-01
2443:1 December
2414:2022-12-04
2386:2022-12-22
2356:2022-12-18
2331:2020-10-14
2271:2023-12-19
2126:2016-09-01
2079:2022-12-05
2051:2016-09-01
2022:2022-12-05
1994:2022-12-22
1936:2022-12-05
1890:2022-12-22
1837:2013-11-01
1788:2013-11-01
1763:2022-12-05
1714:2024-01-21
1693:2013-11-01
1562:9 December
1497:2015-12-16
1472:2012-02-27
1434:2012-01-13
1374:2001-10-08
1319:2022-12-05
1294:2022-12-05
1235:co-founder
1200:2022-12-05
1157:Steve Jobs
1083:2013-11-01
1054:2013-11-01
998:2014-07-12
943:2019-07-01
916:References
409:Announced
218:by larger
182:Ford F-150
150:Steve Jobs
134:Dodge Dart
82:television
3762:Waterford
3752:Vitrolite
3727:Ravenhead
3677:Fire-King
3662:Cristallo
3657:Cranberry
3514:Friedrich
3466:companies
3435:Waterford
3420:Swarovski
3355:Phu Phong
3325:O-I Glass
3245:Holophane
3220:Glaverbel
3170:Crystalex
3093:companies
2997:The Verge
2376:SamMobile
1984:Ubergizmo
1823:"Corning"
1404:8 October
1284:The Verge
850:iPhone 12
798:Superfest
708:in MPa m
448:Jun 2024
445:Jan 2024
442:Nov 2022
439:Jul 2020
436:Aug 2019
433:Jul 2018
430:Jul 2018
427:Aug 2016
424:Jul 2016
421:Nov 2014
418:Jan 2013
415:Jan 2012
412:Feb 2008
398:Victus 2
220:potassium
114:Schott AG
44:potassium
3627:Bohemian
3559:Salviati
3370:Preciosa
3335:Orrefors
3230:Hadeland
3125:Baccarat
3001:Archived
2935:Archived
2906:Archived
2882:cite web
2834:Archived
2814:13 March
2786:13 March
2758:13 March
2730:13 March
2663:13 March
2635:13 March
2528:Archived
2468:Archived
2464:Wccftech
2437:Archived
2408:Archived
2380:Archived
2350:Archived
2325:Archived
2295:Archived
2235:Archived
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2178:Archived
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2120:Archived
2098:Archived
2073:Archived
2045:Archived
2016:Archived
1988:Archived
1962:Archived
1930:Archived
1909:Archived
1884:Archived
1861:Archived
1831:Archived
1808:Archived
1782:Archived
1757:Archived
1735:archived
1687:Archived
1662:Archived
1633:Archived
1606:archived
1582:Archived
1556:Archived
1523:Archived
1398:Archived
1313:Archived
1288:Archived
1265:Archived
1222:Archived
1194:Archived
1136:Archived
1108:July 19,
1102:Archived
1077:Archived
1026:Archived
992:Archived
860:See also
456:in g/cm
336:series.
324:and the
264:CES 2014
247:CES 2013
205:alkaline
106:AGC Inc.
90:Kentucky
25:Nokia N8
3772:Zerodur
3747:Vitrite
3742:Visions
3737:Tiffany
3707:Opaline
3687:Gorilla
3672:Favrile
3647:Corelle
3637:Burmese
3464:Defunct
3455:Zwiesel
3415:Steuben
3285:Luoyang
3280:Iittala
3190:Fanavid
3185:Duralex
3165:Corning
3155:Borosil
3091:Current
3050:YouTube
2980:. 2014.
2978:Corning
2321:Corning
2301:23 July
2154:19 July
821:Samsung
581:in GPa
498:in GPa
454:Density
395:Victus
318:Samsung
178:Ford GT
130:Chemcor
36:Corning
3767:Wood's
3712:Peking
3702:Murano
3682:Forest
3405:Schott
3400:Seguso
3375:Riedel
3295:Mannok
3270:Libbey
2184:17 May
1683:Forbes
1360:"FAQs"
1257:
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1073:Schott
958:"FAQs"
401:Armor
388:DX/DX+
212:sodium
202:molten
146:iPhone
102:Taiwan
100:; and
58:alkali
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3757:Vycor
3717:Pyrex
3692:Macor
3622:Activ
3340:Osram
3330:Ohara
3215:Glava
3210:Fuyao
3145:Bodum
3115:Asahi
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1190:Wired
893:Notes
846:Apple
782:58.8
779:72.5
772:75.2
767:78.8
764:86.9
761:75.8
758:81.4
755:91.0
738:0.82
735:0.76
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714:0.68
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2303:2020
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2186:2020
2156:2018
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1564:2013
1531:2019
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