1746:
1210:. However, the states insisted on retaining their separate links to the Crown, a concept that can be compared to the American system of separate sovereignty for state and federal governments. The states were concerned that Commonwealth-appointed governors might be used to do the federal government's bidding, up to and including use of a Governor's reserve powers to dismiss a recalcitrant state government. To ensure that state governments would be free from such extra-constitutional intervention or coercion, state governors continued to be appointed by the monarch on the advice of the Colonial Secretary in London, usually after an informal consultation with the state government.
1935:
1383:
316:
1816:
1897:
1785:
1926:
1723:
1666:
156:
1868:
321:
1715:
1754:
1221:) drew criticism from the labour movement and others. During this period some states (notably Western Australia) left the position unfilled as an economy measure for some years, and the vice-regal functions were filled by the state chief justices with the title of administrator. But no state attempted to abolish the post of governor, and this could not have been done at this time without the consent of the Crown (acting on the advice of the British government).
1808:
1658:
1692:
1964:
1978:
969:
31:
1777:
1103:, and dates back to 1788 to the day on which the area (which is now the city of Sydney) became the first British settlement in Australia. Each of the subsequent five states in Australia was also founded as a British colony, and a governor was appointed by the British government to exercise executive authority over the colony. The first governors of the colonies, and their dates of appointment, are as follows:
1410:, to dismiss five of his ministers and call fresh elections. Campbell believed that Bjelke-Petersen had lost the confidence of his own party and was behaving irrationally. He was also reluctant to call an election for a legislature that was barely a year old, and felt that the situation was a political rather than a constitutional matter. Bjelke-Petersen subsequently resigned.
1354:, as had been the case prior to 1942. In practice, however, the premier of each state recommended a prospective governor to the foreign secretary, who almost always acted in accordance with that recommendation. However, in 1976 the Foreign Secretary refused to transmit to the Queen the advice of the Premier of Queensland, Sir
1091:, Australia's state governors are not subject to the constitutional authority of the governor-general, but are directly responsible to the monarch. This means, for example, that the governor-general may not issue pardons or commutations of sentence for any state offences, or issue any state honours.
1468:
A lieutenant-governor takes on the responsibilities of a governor when that post is vacant or when the governor is out of the state or unable to act. In some states the lieutenant governor is also the chief justice. An administrator takes on those duties if both the governor and lieutenant-governor
1373:
were passed by the
Commonwealth Parliament and the Parliament of the United Kingdom in 1986, thus removing what remaining authority London had over affairs in Canberra. Under section 7 of these Acts, the King now receives advice on the appointment and termination of appointments of state governors
1314:
in New South Wales), the
Australian colonial capitals were small towns and considered not grand enough to attract senior members of the British aristocracy. Even when Australians replaced Britons as governors, most continued to be retired Army, Navy or Air Force officers until the 1970s. The last
1390:
The role of state governor in modern times is broken down into constitutional, ceremonial and social responsibilities. Regarding constitutional practices, in most cases the governor observes the convention to act on the advice of the state's cabinet (and/or premier). Nevertheless, the state
1305:
The first colonies were penal settlements and the early colonial governors were military officers who ruled under martial law. Once the governors' role moved from the executive to the ceremonial, most governors were drawn from the ranks of retired officers. Although a few members of the
1346:, the states had been established separately from (and prior to) the Commonwealth and retained their separate subordination to the British Government. The British Government retained the authority to intervene in the governments of the individual states under the
1621:, the states indicated that, if the referendum was successful, governors should be appointed by the parliament, although agreement on the exact method of appointment was not reached. As the referendum failed, no state altered the appointment method.
1205:
When the six colonies federated to form the
Commonwealth of Australia in 1901, there were some suggestions that the position of state governor should be abolished or that its appointment be made by the Governor-General as was (and still is) done in
2044:
1184:
until 1855) were founded as penal colonies, and their governors (lieutenant-governors in
Tasmania) exercised more or less absolute authority. Tasmania in particular was run as a virtual prison camp in its early years. The Governors were also
2281:
1192:
From the 1820s, however, the increasing number of free settlers in the colonies led to a process of constitutional reform which gradually reduced the powers of the governors. New South Wales was given its first legislative body, the
1239:
From the 1940s the states, particularly those with Labor governments, began to appoint
Australians to the post of governor. The first Australian governors of each of the states, and their dates of appointment, were:
1168:
Only in New South Wales and South
Australia was the date of the appointment of the first governor the actual date of the colony's foundation. The settlement which became Queensland was founded in 1824, but was not
2274:
1448:, that is, to take on the Governor-General's duties until he returns from overseas or a new appointment is made. The convention has been that the longest-serving state governor is appointed administrator. When
2267:
2059:
1369:, requesting that the Commonwealth Parliament legislate to address the constitutional anomaly of the United Kingdom Government's role in the constitutional affairs of the state. Eventually, identical
1433:. Bennett thus took the view that Gray no longer had enough support to govern and could not advise him to call a second election. Gray then resigned; Bennett then commissioned Field as premier.
3066:
19:
1326:, acting on the advice of the British Foreign and Commonwealth Secretary, but effectively acting on the advice of the state premiers. It was not until 1986, with the passage of the
1197:, in 1825. Victoria, South Australia and Western Australia, which were not founded as penal settlements, moved rapidly towards constitutional government after their establishment.
1540:
on 1 November 2021, Queensland currently has four female governors, more than any other state. Queensland is also the first state to have had two female governors in succession (
1858:
5241:
2624:
1617:, state governments were required to consider state links to the Crown and thus the validity of appointing the governor through the Queen. At a constitutional convention in
3128:
690:
1425:, after Gray lost his majority in the recent election. Although no one party had a majority in the new House of Assembly, Bennett had already been assured that the
1064:
within it. The governors are the nominal chief executives of the states, performing the same constitutional and ceremonial functions at the state level as does the
3384:
1043:
747:
1232:, on the grounds that Lang was acting illegally. All governors at this time were British, and most were from the upper classes and political conservatives, and
2290:
2746:
5261:
1236:
governments always suspected that they had an enemy in
Government House. Most governors, however, tried to act impartially, and some were genuinely popular.
3071:
2370:
677:
612:
2584:
769:
48:
3180:
3138:
369:
348:
3939:
3389:
1127:
1099:
The office of governor ("governor in chief" was an early title) is the oldest constitutional office in
Australia. The title was first used with the
3256:
2579:
2470:
1564:
who was sworn in on 9 August 2023; New South Wales, Tasmania and
Victoria will have had two each whilst Western Australia has only one so far. The
742:
505:
495:
3587:
2784:
532:
522:
95:
2731:
3113:
2160:
2094:
1880:
67:
4853:
3424:
514:
2676:
4730:
4634:
1069:
401:
74:
5165:
3399:
3306:
2485:
1529:
1107:
1036:
727:
2741:
685:
3252:
2721:
1177:
for some years before the first
Governor was appointed; Tasmania was founded in 1804, Western Australia in 1828 and Victoria in 1835.
4060:
4020:
3276:
3246:
2360:
1457:
809:
732:
712:
2751:
2706:
2686:
81:
4690:
4650:
3215:
3173:
2892:
2696:
2629:
1607:
1343:
791:
787:
776:
2701:
2681:
2072:
5256:
5251:
4786:
3891:
3029:
2455:
2315:
2155:
1909:
1599:
1485:
governor of an Australian state. Governors of non-Anglo-Australian background have been appointed in recent years. These include
617:
4134:
3714:
3317:
3190:
3148:
2589:
2546:
1745:
1268:
1029:
863:
848:
640:
63:
4861:
3302:
2836:
1117:
1010:
886:
853:
266:
4901:
4124:
4000:
3636:
3489:
3339:
3266:
3195:
3153:
2868:
2465:
2355:
1278:
361:
540:
4139:
3980:
3580:
3272:
3242:
3205:
3163:
3051:
2858:
2777:
2495:
2375:
2165:
2112:
1947:
1614:
1194:
1147:
1121:
1088:
843:
658:
337:
5155:
4829:
3296:
3286:
2475:
2087:
1422:
737:
248:
2259:
3657:
2028:
1311:
1229:
1077:
835:
672:
114:
3434:
5175:
4933:
4616:
4015:
3924:
3740:
3222:
3041:
3023:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2736:
2599:
822:
599:
594:
589:
584:
579:
574:
3929:
3813:
3710:
3098:
2541:
2523:
2518:
2460:
2365:
2350:
2325:
1347:
915:
900:
630:
412:
380:
1556:
in 2021) and then Victoria in 2023. South Australia now has three female governors following the appointment of
1350:. As a result, the state governors continued to be formally appointed by the Queen on the advice of the British
1224:
The political role of the governor became a matter of controversy in 1932 when the Governor of New South Wales,
88:
5246:
5236:
4746:
4698:
3960:
3573:
3374:
3262:
3185:
3143:
2846:
2770:
2594:
2480:
2450:
1068:
at the national or federal level. In practice, with notable exceptions the governors are generally required by
858:
760:
722:
645:
52:
5086:
5021:
4837:
4300:
3783:
3379:
3232:
3210:
3200:
3168:
3158:
3118:
3103:
3083:
2917:
2907:
2814:
2716:
2551:
2490:
2432:
2320:
2140:
2080:
1991:
1789:
1437:
1323:
1065:
935:
910:
873:
868:
703:
607:
274:
200:
5135:
5130:
4877:
4361:
3359:
3292:
3282:
2726:
2661:
2561:
2442:
1996:
1217:
of the 1930s, when the cost of maintaining six vice-regal establishments (as well as a governor-general in
1207:
1084:
717:
1521:, Governor of Queensland from 1920 to 1925, was Australia's only Jewish governor until the appointment of
1137:
4895:
4802:
4794:
4200:
4040:
3804:
3335:
2829:
2819:
2417:
2407:
2345:
2340:
2145:
2125:
1727:
1670:
1603:
1403:
1362:
as governor, on the grounds of the Governor's partisanship against the previous Commonwealth Government.
1157:
1100:
1015:
231:
5205:
5190:
5160:
4285:
3647:
3331:
2666:
2380:
2335:
2330:
2310:
1430:
1418:
945:
799:
487:
443:
3774:
5180:
5170:
4270:
4245:
3934:
3730:
3724:
3670:
3088:
2887:
2711:
2691:
2108:
1445:
905:
165:
5125:
5100:
4532:
4326:
4240:
3914:
3762:
3034:
2671:
2619:
2513:
2102:
1170:
995:
814:
622:
1440:'s death, incapacity, removal, resignation or absence overseas, each of the state governors has a
5145:
5120:
4997:
4666:
4609:
4517:
4459:
4397:
4129:
3990:
3919:
3768:
3642:
3519:
2875:
2853:
2201:
1934:
1770:
1583:
1399:
1073:
950:
930:
925:
435:
307:
297:
41:
5013:
4949:
4821:
4589:
4454:
4290:
3627:
3539:
3514:
3439:
3364:
3076:
2880:
2609:
2412:
2135:
2016:
1758:
1233:
1173:
until 1859. In Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia executive authority was exercised by a
1000:
980:
955:
940:
895:
558:
425:
393:
1330:
through the state, Australian and British parliaments, that governors became appointed by the
5185:
5048:
4682:
4527:
4502:
4371:
3695:
3685:
3596:
3534:
3369:
3343:
3327:
3093:
2809:
2793:
2604:
1969:
1618:
1061:
468:
221:
184:
141:
1576:). Since 2021, every state Governor apart from that of Western Australia has been a woman.
5071:
4869:
4674:
4642:
4346:
3879:
3632:
3494:
3479:
3469:
3108:
2824:
2614:
2569:
2505:
2427:
2422:
2150:
2130:
1820:
1696:
1568:, the only mainland territory to have an administrator, has had two female administrators (
1482:
1382:
1331:
1294:
1181:
667:
315:
284:
8:
5200:
4973:
4778:
4507:
4392:
4341:
4097:
3474:
2574:
2304:
1573:
1407:
1355:
1174:
1057:
804:
4981:
4957:
4917:
4602:
4557:
4418:
4085:
4025:
3828:
3700:
3607:
3544:
3459:
3409:
2897:
2533:
2289:
1896:
1595:
1565:
1449:
1441:
1370:
1327:
1316:
1186:
478:
473:
5110:
5081:
4762:
4595:
4492:
4275:
4035:
3852:
3354:
2863:
2841:
2024:
1784:
1514:
1453:
1351:
1264:
1005:
990:
329:
277:
5150:
5005:
4438:
4433:
4295:
4225:
4205:
3870:
3843:
3554:
3504:
3484:
2183:
2174:
1983:
1925:
1815:
1801:
1651:
1561:
1541:
1498:
1478:
1426:
1214:
973:
635:
545:
239:
1586:, a former governor of South Australia, are former Australian Olympic medallists.
5215:
5115:
5066:
4909:
4770:
4754:
4722:
4658:
4512:
4482:
4091:
3995:
3975:
3795:
3665:
3419:
3349:
2643:
2210:
2192:
2055:
1739:
1722:
1708:
1665:
1557:
1537:
1414:
1342:
Although the Commonwealth of Australia legally became a sovereign nation when it
1288:
1274:
1244:
985:
525:
458:
446:
5210:
5140:
5040:
4925:
4547:
4423:
4387:
4366:
4356:
4316:
4265:
4169:
4050:
4045:
3970:
3885:
3861:
3735:
3720:
3622:
3549:
2244:
1916:
1867:
1518:
1392:
1248:
1151:
1131:
1111:
498:
256:
5230:
5195:
4965:
4738:
4706:
4542:
4413:
4351:
4230:
4154:
4119:
4114:
4079:
4030:
4005:
3985:
3965:
3834:
3819:
3789:
3612:
3509:
3454:
3429:
2219:
1682:
1553:
1545:
1533:
1298:
1258:
1189:, and the troops under their command were the real basis of their authority.
463:
453:
2019:(1 March 2018). "Chapter 4: Independence". In Saunders, C; Stone, A (eds.).
155:
4537:
4522:
4487:
4428:
4336:
4280:
4250:
4184:
4174:
4010:
3901:
3690:
3464:
3444:
3414:
1569:
1522:
1506:
1502:
1359:
1161:
404:
5076:
4714:
4464:
4321:
4260:
4255:
4235:
4179:
4164:
4159:
4149:
3909:
3756:
3705:
3680:
3675:
3499:
3449:
2228:
1887:
1549:
1510:
1494:
1486:
1225:
1141:
372:
320:
192:
3565:
2762:
1807:
1657:
1610:, advises the governor-general on the appointment of the administrator.
4989:
4552:
4497:
4215:
3617:
3524:
1753:
1579:
1456:, Governor of Tasmania, took on that role, serving until Major-General
1254:
779:
383:
351:
208:
1714:
4845:
4562:
4331:
4144:
2801:
1391:
governors, like the governor-general, retain the full panoply of the
920:
340:
20:
Premiers and chief ministers of the Australian states and territories
1776:
30:
4941:
3529:
2291:
Representatives of the monarch in Commonwealth realms and dominions
1691:
1284:
1218:
174:
1315:
British-born governor of an Australian state was Rear Admiral Sir
1307:
1490:
1213:
The post of governor was again called into question during the
2023:. New York, USA: Oxford University Press. pp. 167–168.
1833:
1560:
who was sworn in on 7 October 2021. With the appointment of
1395:
of the Crown. This has been shown on two recent occasions.
1319:, who was Governor of Western Australia from 1980 to 1983.
1463:
1322:
From the 1960s onward the governors were appointed by the
830:
1624:
1598:
received self-government on 1 July 1978 under its own
1365:
In 1978, the Parliament of New South Wales passed the
1589:
5242:
Parliaments of the Australian states and territories
1959:
1948:
Administrator of Australian Indian Ocean Territories
1602:
appointed by the governor-general. The Commonwealth
55:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2021:The Oxford Handbook of the Australian Constitution
1228:, used his reserve power to dismiss the premier,
1180:New South Wales and Tasmania (which was known as
5228:
1429:would support a minority Labor government under
1417:, refused to grant a fresh dissolution to the
1334:on the direct advice of the relevant premier.
1310:served as governors (the most prominent being
3581:
2778:
2275:
2088:
1536:took office in 1991. With the appointment of
1037:
515:Federal Circuit and Family Court of Australia
5262:Lists of current office-holders in Australia
2625:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
2620:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
2058:. 6 June 2014. p. 4H1–1. Archived from
1528:South Australia was also the first state to
1472:
1469:are not able to act for the above reasons.
1367:Constitutional Powers (New South Wales) Act
1080:or the other members of a state's cabinet.
3588:
3574:
2785:
2771:
2282:
2268:
2095:
2081:
1629:
1344:adopted the Statute of Westminster in 1942
1337:
1044:
1030:
3595:
2792:
1834:Current administrators of the territories
115:Learn how and when to remove this message
4691:The Romantic Story of Margaret Catchpole
1608:Chief Minister of the Northern Territory
1381:
1377:
4787:The Last Confession of Alexander Pearce
1910:Administrator of the Northern Territory
1501:(Sri Lankan/Ceylonese; Victoria), Dame
1464:Lieutenant-governors and administrators
770:Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade
134:This article is part of a series on the
5229:
2015:
1481:as the first (and, to date, the only)
1402:, refused to accept the advice of the
4862:The Incredible Journey of Mary Bryant
3569:
2766:
2263:
2076:
2009:
1625:Current state and territory governors
1582:, a former governor of Victoria, and
1398:In 1987 the Governor of Queensland,
64:"Governors of the Australian states"
53:adding citations to reliable sources
24:
2113:states and territories of Australia
1477:In 1976, South Australia appointed
1195:New South Wales Legislative Council
13:
3077:State and Territory Shadow Cabinet
1590:Contemporary changes and prospects
1413:In 1989 the Governor of Tasmania,
154:
14:
5273:
1525:as Governor of Victoria in 2015.
1446:Administrator of the Commonwealth
1374:from the relevant state premier.
4934:For the Term of His Natural Life
4854:For the Term of His Natural Life
4731:For the Term of His Natural Life
4635:For the Term of His Natural Life
2644:United Kingdom lieutenancy areas
2371:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
1976:
1962:
1933:
1924:
1895:
1866:
1814:
1806:
1783:
1775:
1752:
1744:
1721:
1713:
1690:
1664:
1656:
967:
823:Australia and the United Nations
319:
314:
29:
2639:Other viceregal representatives
2045:"Chapter 4: Badges and Emblems"
1881:Administrator of Norfolk Island
1386:State governor's rank insignia
1348:Colonial Laws Validity Act 1865
40:needs additional citations for
5257:Lists of viceroys in Australia
5252:Political history of Australia
2585:British Indian Ocean Territory
2506:Realm of New Zealand countries
2037:
1765:(2 years, 331 days)
1734:(2 years, 356 days)
1703:(3 years, 103 days)
1677:(5 years, 148 days)
1171:separated from New South Wales
1:
5022:Parrot and Olivier in America
2443:Canadian lieutenant governors
2002:
1992:Governor-General of Australia
1796:(2 years, 74 days)
1790:Governor of Western Australia
1505:(Lebanese; New South Wales),
1324:Monarch of the United Kingdom
1200:
1066:governor-general of Australia
5136:Darlington Probation Station
5131:Commissariat Store, Brisbane
4651:It Is Never Too Late to Mend
4362:Thomas Griffiths Wainewright
3067:Premiers and Chief Ministers
3062:Governors and Administrators
2562:British Overseas Territories
1997:Lieutenant governor (Canada)
1944:(1 year, 100 days)
1906:(1 year, 238 days)
1877:(1 year, 118 days)
1827:(1 year, 49 days)
1460:took office in August 2003.
1358:, to extend the term of Sir
1060:has a governor to represent
1011:Australian Capital Territory
673:Premiers and chief ministers
668:Governors and administrators
7:
4902:It's Never Too Late to Mend
4896:Journals of the First Fleet
2580:British Antarctic Territory
1955:
1728:Governor of South Australia
1671:Governor of New South Wales
1530:appoint a woman as governor
1101:Governor of New South Wales
623:Referendums and plebiscites
10:
5278:
5206:The Old Windmill, Brisbane
5166:Kingston and Arthur's Vale
3892:Anti-Transportation League
3072:Parliaments and Assemblies
2400:Australian state governors
1615:1999 republican referendum
1493:; Western Australia), Sir
1452:resigned in May 2003, Sir
1094:
678:Parliaments and assemblies
541:State and territory courts
488:Federal Court of Australia
17:
5181:Parramatta Female Factory
5099:
5059:
5032:
4888:
4813:
4626:
4582:
4575:
4473:
4447:
4406:
4380:
4309:
4214:
4193:
4107:
4072:
4059:
3948:
3900:
3749:
3656:
3603:
3398:
3316:
3231:
3127:
3050:
2906:
2837:Federal Executive Council
2800:
2654:
2638:
2560:
2532:
2504:
2471:Newfoundland and Labrador
2441:
2398:
2391:
2297:
2119:
1548:), followed by Tasmania (
1509:(Russian: Victoria), and
267:Federal Executive Council
2859:House of Representatives
2630:Turks and Caicos Islands
1517:; South Australia). Sir
1473:Backgrounds of governors
608:Federal electoral system
362:House of Representatives
18:Not to be confused with
5146:Experiment Farm Cottage
5121:Cascades Female Factory
4667:The Life of Rufus Dawes
4610:Jim Jones at Botany Bay
4518:Laurence Hynes Halloran
3814:Norfolk Island mutinies
3520:Parliamentary secretary
3490:Independent politicians
1939:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
1630:Current state governors
1584:Marjorie Jackson-Nelson
1338:The Australia Acts 1986
691:State electoral systems
436:High Court of Australia
4950:Bring Larks and Heroes
4830:The Devil Makes Sunday
4822:The Devil Makes Sunday
4590:Transportation ballads
3540:Responsible government
3440:Contempt of parliament
2893:Statute of Westminster
2590:British Virgin Islands
1759:Governor of Queensland
1613:In the lead up to the
1387:
1132:Captain John Hindmarsh
1122:Captain James Stirling
1112:Captain Arthur Phillip
788:Diplomatic missions of
660:States and territories
159:
5247:Monarchy of Australia
5237:Viceroys in Australia
4683:One Hundred Years Ago
4533:William Smith O'Brien
3784:Castle Hill Rebellion
3597:Convicts in Australia
2794:Politics of Australia
2361:Saint Kitts and Nevis
1970:British Empire portal
1619:Gladstone, Queensland
1497:(Italian; Victoria),
1385:
1378:Role of the governors
308:Australian Parliament
249:Deputy Prime Minister
158:
5176:Old Government House
5072:Port Jackson Painter
4998:Gould's Book of Fish
4675:The Mark of the Lash
4643:The Assigned Servant
4398:Kevin Izod O'Doherty
4347:William Buelow Gould
3880:Cooking Pot Uprising
3796:Capture of the brig
3633:History of Australia
3495:Kirribilli agreement
3480:Hardworking Families
3435:Chardonnay socialist
2486:Prince Edward Island
2305:Counsellors of State
1821:Governor of Victoria
1697:Governor of Tasmania
1479:Sir Douglas Nicholls
1332:Monarch of Australia
1085:lieutenant governors
974:Australia portal
49:improve this article
5201:Ross Female Factory
4974:Remembering Babylon
4779:Journey Among Women
4508:Elizabeth Callaghan
4393:William Henry Groom
4291:John Boyle O'Reilly
3475:Group voting ticket
2747:Trinidad and Tobago
2316:Antigua and Barbuda
1415:Sir Phillip Bennett
1408:Joh Bjelke-Petersen
1400:Sir Walter Campbell
1356:Joh Bjelke-Petersen
1289:Sir Stanley Burbury
1187:commanders-in-chief
1175:Lieutenant-Governor
1142:Sir Henry Fox Young
1062:Australia's monarch
613:Electoral divisions
5161:Hyde Park Barracks
5087:Twenty Dollar Note
5049:Our Country's Good
4982:The Potato Factory
4958:A Fringe of Leaves
4918:Great Expectations
4747:Red Sky at Morning
4699:Sentenced for Life
4558:Elizabeth Thackery
4419:Margaret Catchpole
4140:William Hutchinson
4086:Arthur Bowes Smyth
3829:Bathurst Rebellion
3545:Stolen Generations
3460:Double dissolution
3253:Northern Territory
2534:Crown Dependencies
1901:Northern Territory
1596:Northern Territory
1566:Northern Territory
1534:Dame Roma Mitchell
1450:Peter Hollingworth
1442:dormant commission
1436:In the event of a
1388:
1317:Richard Trowbridge
1279:Sir James Harrison
1269:Sir James Mitchell
1249:Sir John Northcott
1164:(10 December 1859)
1152:Sir Charles Hotham
1134:(28 December 1836)
1016:Northern Territory
631:Voter registration
160:
5224:
5223:
5111:Brickendon Estate
5095:
5094:
5082:Sydney punchbowls
4795:Van Diemen's Land
4617:Van Diemen's Land
4571:
4570:
4493:James Bloodsworth
4276:Lawrence Kavenagh
3940:Western Australia
3741:Western Australia
3711:Macquarie Harbour
3563:
3562:
3535:Quiet Australians
3303:Western Australia
2869:Opposition Leader
2847:Foreign relations
2833:
2760:
2759:
2650:
2649:
2433:Western Australia
2311:Governors-general
2257:
2256:
2252:
2251:
2052:Army Dress Manual
1953:
1952:
1831:
1830:
1352:Foreign Secretary
1299:Sir Henry Winneke
1291:(5 December 1973)
1281:(4 December 1968)
1265:Western Australia
1259:Sir John Lavarack
1182:Van Diemen's Land
1124:(6 February 1832)
1118:Western Australia
1114:(7 February 1788)
1054:
1053:
996:Western Australia
810:Visa requirements
762:Foreign relations
748:Political parties
646:Political funding
641:Political parties
278:Albanese ministry
145:
125:
124:
117:
99:
5269:
5156:Great North Road
5151:Fremantle Prison
5006:The Secret River
4878:The Secret River
4838:Against the Wind
4580:
4579:
4528:Jørgen Jørgensen
4439:John Acton Wroth
4434:James Hardy Vaux
4301:William Westwood
4296:Alexander Pearce
4226:Charlotte Badger
4206:Francis Greenway
4098:D'Arcy Wentworth
4070:
4069:
4066:
4061:Notable convicts
3623:Female factories
3590:
3583:
3576:
3567:
3566:
3505:Leadership spill
3485:How-to-vote card
3470:Forgotten People
3340:Liberal National
3129:State/territory
3052:State/territory
2827:
2815:Governor-General
2787:
2780:
2773:
2764:
2763:
2697:Irish Free State
2600:Falkland Islands
2456:British Columbia
2396:
2395:
2356:Papua New Guinea
2307:(United Kingdom)
2284:
2277:
2270:
2261:
2260:
2184:Margaret Gardner
2175:Margaret Beazley
2122:
2121:
2097:
2090:
2083:
2074:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2065:on 3 April 2015.
2064:
2049:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2013:
1986:
1984:Australia portal
1981:
1980:
1979:
1972:
1967:
1966:
1965:
1938:
1937:
1930:Christmas Island
1929:
1928:
1900:
1899:
1871:
1870:
1838:
1837:
1819:
1818:
1810:
1802:Margaret Gardner
1788:
1787:
1779:
1757:
1756:
1748:
1726:
1725:
1717:
1695:
1694:
1669:
1668:
1660:
1652:Margaret Beazley
1634:
1633:
1574:Vicki O'Halloran
1562:Margaret Gardner
1542:Penelope Wensley
1499:David de Kretser
1438:Governor-General
1427:Tasmanian Greens
1271:(5 October 1948)
1261:(1 October 1946)
1162:Sir George Bowen
1144:(8 January 1855)
1056:Each Australian
1046:
1039:
1032:
972:
971:
970:
936:Multiculturalism
911:Environmentalism
889:
777:Foreign Minister
763:
706:
705:Local government
661:
636:Leadership spill
568:Recent elections
561:
546:Law of Australia
428:
323:
318:
300:
240:Anthony Albanese
224:
201:Governor-General
177:
148:
143:
135:
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128:
120:
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109:
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100:
98:
57:
33:
25:
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5216:Woolmers Estate
5191:Richmond Bridge
5116:Cadmans Cottage
5102:
5091:
5067:Charlotte Medal
5055:
5028:
4910:The Broad Arrow
4884:
4809:
4803:The Nightingale
4755:Under Capricorn
4723:The Tenth Straw
4659:The Lady Outlaw
4622:
4576:Popular culture
4567:
4513:Margaret Dawson
4483:Esther Abrahams
4475:
4469:
4443:
4402:
4376:
4305:
4246:William Buckley
4218:
4210:
4201:James Blackburn
4189:
4103:
4092:William Redfern
4064:
4063:
4055:
3953:
3944:
3925:New South Wales
3896:
3745:
3731:Saltwater River
3666:Cockatoo Island
3652:
3599:
3594:
3564:
3559:
3420:Branch stacking
3401:
3394:
3350:Centre Alliance
3344:Country Liberal
3319:
3312:
3273:South Australia
3243:New South Wales
3234:
3227:
3130:
3123:
3053:
3046:
2909:
2902:
2796:
2791:
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2500:
2437:
2418:South Australia
2408:New South Wales
2387:
2376:Solomon Islands
2293:
2288:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2239:
2232:
2223:
2214:
2211:Frances Adamson
2205:
2196:
2193:Jeannette Young
2187:
2178:
2115:
2101:
2071:
2070:
2062:
2056:Australian Army
2047:
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2031:
2014:
2010:
2005:
1982:
1977:
1975:
1968:
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1961:
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1943:
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1905:
1904:2 February 2023
1894:
1876:
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1836:
1826:
1813:
1795:
1782:
1764:
1763:1 November 2021
1751:
1740:Jeannette Young
1733:
1720:
1709:Frances Adamson
1702:
1689:
1676:
1663:
1632:
1627:
1592:
1558:Frances Adamson
1538:Jeannette Young
1475:
1466:
1458:Michael Jeffery
1380:
1340:
1275:South Australia
1251:(1 August 1946)
1245:New South Wales
1226:Sir Philip Game
1203:
1128:South Australia
1108:New South Wales
1097:
1050:
1021:
1020:
1001:South Australia
981:New South Wales
968:
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840:
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800:Nationality law
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559:
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550:
537:
526:Will Alstergren
510:
483:
447:Stephen Gageler
430:
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417:
413:Shadow Ministry
389:
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5211:Vaucluse House
5208:
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5053:
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5041:The Transports
5036:
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5029:
5027:
5026:
5018:
5014:The Lieutenant
5010:
5002:
4994:
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4926:The Wild Goose
4922:
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4584:
4577:
4573:
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4569:
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4566:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4548:Joseph Potaski
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
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4462:
4457:
4451:
4449:
4445:
4444:
4442:
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4436:
4431:
4426:
4424:Frank the Poet
4421:
4416:
4410:
4408:
4404:
4403:
4401:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4388:William Cuffay
4384:
4382:
4378:
4377:
4375:
4374:
4369:
4367:Thomas Watling
4364:
4359:
4357:Charles Rodius
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4327:Richard Browne
4324:
4319:
4317:Joseph Backler
4313:
4311:
4307:
4306:
4304:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4266:William Chopin
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
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4241:William Bryant
4238:
4233:
4228:
4222:
4220:
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4209:
4208:
4203:
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4187:
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4177:
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4170:Robert Sidaway
4167:
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4137:
4132:
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4048:
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4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
4001:Eardley-Wilmot
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3957:
3955:
3946:
3945:
3943:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3930:Norfolk Island
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3906:
3904:
3898:
3897:
3895:
3894:
3889:
3886:Catalpa rescue
3883:
3877:
3868:
3859:
3850:
3841:
3832:
3826:
3817:
3811:
3802:
3793:
3787:
3781:
3772:
3766:
3760:
3753:
3751:
3747:
3746:
3744:
3743:
3738:
3736:Sullivans Cove
3733:
3728:
3721:Norfolk Island
3718:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3662:
3660:
3658:Penal colonies
3654:
3653:
3651:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3604:
3601:
3600:
3593:
3592:
3585:
3578:
3570:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3557:
3552:
3550:Working Family
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3425:Casual vacancy
3422:
3417:
3412:
3406:
3404:
3396:
3395:
3393:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
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3324:
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3311:
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3290:
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2900:
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2878:
2872:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2850:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2830:Shadow Cabinet
2822:
2820:Prime Minister
2817:
2812:
2806:
2804:
2798:
2797:
2790:
2789:
2782:
2775:
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2658:
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2648:
2647:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2595:Cayman Islands
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2566:
2564:
2558:
2557:
2555:
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2328:
2323:
2318:
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2295:
2294:
2287:
2286:
2279:
2272:
2264:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2249:
2245:Farzian Zainal
2242:
2240:
2235:
2233:
2226:
2224:
2217:
2215:
2208:
2206:
2199:
2197:
2190:
2188:
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2172:
2169:
2168:
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2158:
2153:
2148:
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2138:
2133:
2128:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2109:administrators
2100:
2099:
2092:
2085:
2077:
2069:
2068:
2036:
2029:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1988:
1987:
1973:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1921:
1919:
1917:Farzian Zainal
1913:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1892:
1890:
1884:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1872:Norfolk Island
1863:
1861:
1855:
1854:
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1835:
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1829:
1828:
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1732:7 October 2021
1730:
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1661:
1654:
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1647:
1644:
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1638:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1604:prime minister
1591:
1588:
1519:Matthew Nathan
1474:
1471:
1465:
1462:
1444:to become the
1404:National Party
1393:reserve powers
1379:
1376:
1371:Australia Acts
1339:
1336:
1328:Australia Acts
1312:Earl Beauchamp
1303:
1302:
1292:
1282:
1272:
1262:
1252:
1202:
1199:
1166:
1165:
1155:
1145:
1135:
1125:
1115:
1096:
1093:
1078:state premiers
1072:to act on the
1052:
1051:
1049:
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1041:
1034:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1019:
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1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
977:
976:
963:
962:
959:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
892:
885:
884:
881:
880:
877:
876:
871:
866:
864:European Union
861:
856:
851:
849:United Kingdom
846:
839:
838:
833:
826:
825:
818:
817:
812:
807:
802:
795:
794:
783:
782:
773:
772:
766:
759:
758:
755:
754:
751:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
709:
702:
701:
698:
697:
694:
693:
688:
681:
680:
675:
670:
664:
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648:
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633:
626:
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620:
615:
610:
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587:
582:
577:
571:
570:
564:
557:
556:
553:
552:
549:
548:
543:
536:
535:
533:List of Judges
529:
528:
519:
518:
509:
508:
506:List of Judges
502:
501:
499:Debra Mortimer
492:
491:
482:
481:
476:
471:
466:
461:
456:
450:
449:
440:
439:
431:
424:
423:
420:
419:
416:
415:
409:
408:
398:
397:
388:
387:
377:
376:
366:
365:
356:
355:
345:
344:
334:
333:
312:
311:
303:
296:
295:
292:
291:
288:
287:
281:
280:
271:
270:
261:
260:
257:Richard Marles
253:
252:
244:
243:
236:
235:
232:Prime Minister
227:
220:
219:
216:
215:
212:
211:
205:
204:
196:
195:
189:
188:
180:
173:
172:
169:
168:
162:
161:
151:
150:
138:
137:
123:
122:
37:
35:
28:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5274:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5234:
5232:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5196:Richmond Gaol
5194:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5171:Lennox Bridge
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5108:
5106:
5104:
5103:Convict Sites
5098:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5064:
5062:
5058:
5051:
5050:
5046:
5043:
5042:
5038:
5037:
5035:
5031:
5024:
5023:
5019:
5016:
5015:
5011:
5008:
5007:
5003:
5000:
4999:
4995:
4992:
4991:
4987:
4984:
4983:
4979:
4976:
4975:
4971:
4968:
4967:
4966:The Playmaker
4963:
4960:
4959:
4955:
4952:
4951:
4947:
4944:
4943:
4939:
4936:
4935:
4931:
4928:
4927:
4923:
4920:
4919:
4915:
4912:
4911:
4907:
4904:
4903:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4893:
4891:
4887:
4880:
4879:
4875:
4872:
4871:
4867:
4864:
4863:
4859:
4856:
4855:
4851:
4848:
4847:
4843:
4840:
4839:
4835:
4832:
4831:
4827:
4824:
4823:
4819:
4818:
4816:
4812:
4805:
4804:
4800:
4797:
4796:
4792:
4789:
4788:
4784:
4781:
4780:
4776:
4773:
4772:
4768:
4765:
4764:
4760:
4757:
4756:
4752:
4749:
4748:
4744:
4741:
4740:
4739:To New Shores
4736:
4733:
4732:
4728:
4725:
4724:
4720:
4717:
4716:
4712:
4709:
4708:
4704:
4701:
4700:
4696:
4693:
4692:
4688:
4685:
4684:
4680:
4677:
4676:
4672:
4669:
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4661:
4660:
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4648:
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4640:
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4632:
4631:
4629:
4625:
4618:
4614:
4611:
4607:
4604:
4600:
4597:
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4591:
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4587:
4585:
4581:
4578:
4574:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4543:Isaac Nichols
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
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4491:
4489:
4486:
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4481:
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4472:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4452:
4450:
4446:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4414:Denis Cashman
4412:
4411:
4409:
4405:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4385:
4383:
4379:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4352:Joseph Lycett
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4314:
4312:
4308:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4231:Matthew Brady
4229:
4227:
4224:
4223:
4221:
4217:
4213:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4198:
4196:
4192:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4155:Solomon Levey
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4135:William Field
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4125:Daniel Cooper
4123:
4121:
4120:Daniel Connor
4118:
4116:
4115:Enoch Barratt
4113:
4112:
4110:
4108:Entrepreneurs
4106:
4100:
4099:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4087:
4083:
4081:
4080:William Bland
4078:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4068:
4065:and personnel
4062:
4058:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
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3979:
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3974:
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3969:
3967:
3964:
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3959:
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3956:
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3941:
3938:
3936:
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3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3905:
3903:
3902:Convict ships
3899:
3893:
3890:
3887:
3884:
3881:
3878:
3875:
3874:
3871:Wreck of the
3869:
3866:
3865:
3862:Wreck of the
3860:
3857:
3856:
3853:Wreck of the
3851:
3848:
3846:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3833:
3830:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3818:
3815:
3812:
3809:
3808:disappearance
3807:
3803:
3800:
3799:
3794:
3791:
3790:Rum Rebellion
3788:
3785:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3773:
3770:
3767:
3764:
3761:
3758:
3755:
3754:
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3638:
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3619:
3616:
3614:
3613:Australia Day
3611:
3609:
3606:
3605:
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3598:
3591:
3586:
3584:
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3571:
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3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3510:Mortgage belt
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3455:Dorothy Dixer
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3430:Caucus revolt
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3403:
3397:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3385:Other parties
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
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3333:
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2898:Australia Act
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2466:New Brunswick
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2247:
2246:
2241:
2238:
2237:George Plant
2234:
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2230:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2220:Barbara Baker
2216:
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2207:
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2061:
2057:
2053:
2046:
2040:
2032:
2030:9780191058318
2026:
2022:
2018:
2012:
2008:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1974:
1971:
1960:
1949:
1946:
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1936:
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1825:9 August 2023
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1683:Barbara Baker
1681:
1680:
1674:
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1600:administrator
1597:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1554:Barbara Baker
1551:
1547:
1546:Quentin Bryce
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1526:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
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1500:
1496:
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1461:
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1455:
1451:
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1443:
1439:
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1432:
1431:Michael Field
1428:
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1416:
1411:
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1357:
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1309:
1301:(3 June 1974)
1300:
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1209:
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1188:
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1159:
1156:
1154:(22 May 1855)
1153:
1149:
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1136:
1133:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1119:
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946:Republicanism
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523:Chief Justice
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496:Chief Justice
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66: –
65:
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60:Find sources:
54:
50:
44:
43:
38:This article
36:
32:
27:
26:
21:
16:
5047:
5039:
5020:
5012:
5004:
4996:
4988:
4980:
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4908:
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4876:
4868:
4860:
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4793:
4785:
4777:
4771:Adam's Woman
4769:
4761:
4753:
4745:
4737:
4729:
4721:
4713:
4705:
4697:
4689:
4681:
4673:
4665:
4657:
4649:
4641:
4633:
4538:Robert Palin
4523:Mark Jeffrey
4488:John Baughan
4460:James Meehan
4429:Henry Savery
4337:Edmund Edgar
4281:John Mitchel
4271:Michael Howe
4251:Moondyne Joe
4219:and escapees
4185:Samuel Terry
4175:James Squire
4096:
4084:
3949:
3915:Second Fleet
3872:
3863:
3854:
3844:
3835:
3820:
3805:
3797:
3775:
3763:Second Fleet
3691:Maria Island
3618:Emancipation
3465:Faceless men
3445:Despatch box
3415:Bjelkemander
3061:
3030:By-elections
3022:
2888:Constitution
2881:Lower Courts
2802:Commonwealth
2737:South Africa
2732:Sierra Leone
2514:Cook Islands
2496:Saskatchewan
2399:
2392:Sub-national
2243:
2236:
2227:
2218:
2209:
2202:Chris Dawson
2200:
2191:
2182:
2173:
2104:
2060:the original
2054:. Canberra:
2051:
2039:
2020:
2017:Twomey, Anne
2011:
1942:19 June 2023
1859:George Plant
1794:15 July 2022
1771:Chris Dawson
1701:16 June 2021
1612:
1593:
1578:
1570:Sally Thomas
1552:in 2014 and
1527:
1523:Linda Dessau
1507:Alex Chernov
1503:Marie Bashir
1476:
1467:
1435:
1412:
1397:
1389:
1366:
1364:
1360:Colin Hannah
1341:
1321:
1304:
1238:
1223:
1212:
1204:
1191:
1179:
1167:
1098:
1087:in Canada's
1082:
1055:
906:Conservatism
792:in Australia
686:State courts
618:By-elections
567:
513:
486:
434:
405:Peter Dutton
392:
360:
328:
313:
306:
265:
247:
230:
199:
183:
166:Constitution
132:
126:
111:
102:
92:
85:
78:
71:
59:
47:Please help
42:verification
39:
15:
5186:Port Arthur
5077:Rajah Quilt
4715:Transported
4603:Moreton Bay
4503:John Cadman
4465:Joseph Wild
4455:John Baxter
4407:Chroniclers
4381:Politicians
4372:James Walsh
4322:Thomas Bock
4286:Thomas Muir
4261:Martin Cash
4256:John Caesar
4236:Mary Bryant
4216:Bushrangers
4180:John Tawell
4165:Mary Reibey
4160:Simeon Lord
4150:Henry Kable
4130:John Davies
3954:commandants
3920:Third Fleet
3910:First Fleet
3816:(1826–1846)
3769:Third Fleet
3757:First Fleet
3706:Risdon Cove
3696:Port Arthur
3681:Moreton Bay
3676:Sydney Cove
3643:New Holland
3515:Nationalism
3500:Langer vote
3450:Donkey vote
3402:terminology
3054:governments
3035:Referendums
2547:Isle of Man
2476:Nova Scotia
2366:Saint Lucia
2351:New Zealand
2229:Hugh Heggie
1888:Hugh Heggie
1875:1 June 2023
1550:Kate Warner
1511:Hieu Van Le
1495:James Gobbo
1487:Ken Michael
941:Nationalism
844:New Zealand
815:Visa policy
479:Beech-Jones
373:Milton Dick
299:Legislature
193:Charles III
144:Politics of
5231:Categories
5126:Coal Mines
5101:Australian
4990:Jack Maggs
4889:Literature
4814:Television
4763:Botany Bay
4596:Botany Bay
4553:James Ruse
4498:Billy Blue
4194:Architects
3855:George III
3776:Lady Shore
3608:Assignment
3525:Playmander
3400:Political
3390:Historical
3375:One Nation
3318:Political
3263:Queensland
3235:government
2876:High Court
2854:Parliament
2742:Tanganyika
2677:The Gambia
2610:Montserrat
2413:Queensland
2003:References
1675:2 May 2019
1606:, not the
1580:John Landy
1544:succeeded
1515:Vietnamese
1483:Aboriginal
1423:Robin Gray
1255:Queensland
1215:Depression
1201:Federation
1158:Queensland
1070:convention
991:Queensland
951:Secularism
931:Monarchism
926:Liberalism
888:Ideologies
780:Penny Wong
394:Opposition
384:Tony Burke
352:Penny Wong
209:Sam Mostyn
105:March 2016
75:newspapers
4846:Sara Dane
4563:Mary Wade
4448:Explorers
4342:John Eyre
4332:Knud Bull
4145:Mary Hyde
4036:Macquarie
3950:Governors
3845:Frederick
3686:Redcliffe
3637:1788–1850
3328:Coalition
3131:elections
2910:elections
2717:Mauritius
2605:Gibraltar
2321:Australia
2105:governors
1454:Guy Green
1421:premier,
1406:premier,
1230:Jack Lang
1089:provinces
956:Socialism
921:Hansonism
916:Far-right
901:Christian
896:Anarchism
805:Passports
560:Elections
427:Judiciary
341:Sue Lines
338:President
223:Executive
147:Australia
4942:Moondyne
4870:Banished
4707:Moondyne
4476:convicts
4073:Surgeons
4041:Paterson
4021:Johnston
4006:Franklin
3976:Brisbane
3935:Tasmania
3701:Richmond
3671:Rosehill
3530:Pub test
3410:Battlers
3336:National
3293:Victoria
3283:Tasmania
3223:Timeline
3211:Tas 2028
3206:NSW 2027
3201:Vic 2026
3186:Qld 2024
3181:ACT 2024
3169:Tas 2024
3164:NSW 2023
3159:Vic 2022
3144:Qld 2020
3139:ACT 2020
3042:Timeline
2918:Pre-1972
2908:Federal
2842:Ministry
2727:Pakistan
2662:Barbados
2615:Pitcairn
2570:Anguilla
2542:Guernsey
2461:Manitoba
2428:Victoria
2423:Tasmania
2298:National
2103:Current
1956:See also
1844:Portrait
1640:Portrait
1295:Victoria
1285:Tasmania
1219:Canberra
1148:Victoria
1138:Tasmania
1006:Tasmania
986:Victoria
275:Ministry
176:Monarchy
4310:Artists
4046:Phillip
3996:Denison
3986:Darling
3981:Collins
3725:History
3715:History
3628:Freedom
3332:Liberal
3320:parties
3216:NT 2028
3196:SA 2026
3191:WA 2025
3174:NT 2024
3154:SA 2022
3149:WA 2021
2825:Cabinet
2810:Monarch
2722:Nigeria
2575:Bermuda
2524:Tokelau
2481:Ontario
2451:Alberta
2346:Jamaica
2341:Grenada
2326:Bahamas
2111:of the
1532:, when
1419:Liberal
1308:peerage
1095:Origins
1083:Unlike
1076:of the
474:Gleeson
469:Steward
464:Edelman
370:Speaker
285:Cabinet
185:Monarch
89:scholar
5052:(1988)
5044:(1977)
5025:(2010)
5017:(2008)
5009:(2005)
5001:(2001)
4993:(1997)
4985:(1995)
4977:(1993)
4969:(1987)
4961:(1973)
4953:(1967)
4945:(1879)
4937:(1872)
4929:(1867)
4921:(1861)
4913:(1859)
4905:(1856)
4881:(2015)
4873:(2015)
4865:(2005)
4857:(1983)
4849:(1982)
4841:(1978)
4833:(1962)
4825:(1961)
4806:(2017)
4798:(2009)
4790:(2008)
4782:(1977)
4774:(1970)
4766:(1953)
4758:(1949)
4750:(1944)
4742:(1937)
4734:(1927)
4726:(1926)
4718:(1913)
4710:(1913)
4702:(1911)
4694:(1911)
4686:(1911)
4678:(1911)
4670:(1911)
4662:(1911)
4654:(1911)
4646:(1911)
4638:(1908)
4051:Sorell
4016:Hunter
3971:Bourke
3961:Arthur
3888:(1876)
3882:(1846)
3876:(1835)
3867:(1835)
3858:(1835)
3849:(1834)
3847:escape
3840:(1833)
3838:escape
3836:Badger
3831:(1830)
3825:(1829)
3823:mutiny
3821:Cyprus
3810:(1814)
3801:(1813)
3792:(1808)
3786:(1804)
3780:(1797)
3778:mutiny
3771:(1791)
3765:(1789)
3759:(1788)
3750:Events
3370:Lambie
3360:Katter
3355:Greens
3233:Local
2864:Senate
2752:Uganda
2707:Malawi
2687:Guyana
2667:Ceylon
2655:Former
2552:Jersey
2491:Quebec
2381:Tuvalu
2336:Canada
2331:Belize
2027:
1853:Title
1847:Region
1208:Canada
1074:advice
859:Canada
459:Gordon
402:Leader
381:Leader
349:Leader
330:Senate
91:
84:
77:
70:
62:
5033:Stage
4583:Music
4474:Other
4031:Logan
4011:Gipps
3991:Davey
3966:Bligh
3648:Women
3365:Labor
2712:Malta
2702:Kenya
2692:India
2682:Ghana
2063:(PDF)
2048:(PDF)
1646:Term
1643:Title
1491:Greek
1234:Labor
1058:state
874:India
869:China
454:Keane
386:(ALP)
375:(ALP)
354:(ALP)
343:(ALP)
259:(ALP)
242:(ALP)
96:JSTOR
82:books
4627:Film
4026:King
3873:Neva
3864:Hive
3806:Argo
3555:Worm
3307:list
3297:list
3287:list
3277:list
3267:list
3257:list
3247:list
3024:Next
3018:2022
3013:2019
3008:2016
3003:2013
2998:2010
2993:2007
2988:2004
2983:2001
2978:1998
2973:1996
2968:1993
2963:1990
2958:1987
2953:1984
2948:1983
2943:1980
2938:1977
2933:1975
2928:1974
2923:1972
2672:Fiji
2519:Niue
2166:AIOT
2107:and
2025:ISBN
1850:Term
1841:Name
1637:Name
1594:The
1572:and
836:APEC
600:2007
595:2010
590:2013
585:2016
580:2019
575:2022
407:(LP)
68:news
5060:Art
3952:and
3798:Emu
3380:UAP
3114:ACT
3109:Tas
3094:Qld
3089:Vic
3084:NSW
2151:TAS
2136:QLD
2131:VIC
2126:NSW
831:G20
738:Tas
723:Qld
718:Vic
713:NSW
51:by
5233::
3342:,
3338:,
3334:,
3119:NT
3104:SA
3099:WA
2161:NI
2156:NT
2146:SA
2141:WA
2050:.
1297::
1287::
1277::
1267::
1257::
1247::
1160::
1150::
1140::
1130::
1120::
1110::
790:/
743:NT
733:SA
728:WA
4619:"
4615:"
4612:"
4608:"
4605:"
4601:"
4598:"
4594:"
3727:)
3723:(
3717:)
3713:(
3639:)
3635:(
3589:e
3582:t
3575:v
3346:)
3330:(
3309:)
3305:(
3299:)
3295:(
3289:)
3285:(
3279:)
3275:(
3269:)
3265:(
3259:)
3255:(
3249:)
3245:(
2832:)
2828:(
2786:e
2779:t
2772:v
2283:e
2276:t
2269:v
2096:e
2089:t
2082:v
2033:.
1513:(
1489:(
1045:e
1038:t
1031:v
118:)
112:(
107:)
103:(
93:·
86:·
79:·
72:·
45:.
22:.
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