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theatre. The opaque furniture and gothic structures placed sporadically on the walls of the building exude a feeling of eeriness from the moment of entrance. People came to this theatre for an experience, not only to see a show. The audience at Grand
Guignol endured the terror of the shows because they wanted to be filled with strong "feelings" of something. Many attended the shows to get a feeling of sexual arousal. Underneath the balcony were boxes (originally built for nuns to watch church services) that were available for theatre-goers to rent during performances because they would get so aroused by the action happening on stage. It has been said that audience members would get so boisterous in the boxes, that actors would sometimes break character and yell something such as "Keep it down in there!" Conversely, there were audience members who could not physically handle the brutality of the actions taking place on stage. Frequently, the "special effects" would be too realistic and often an audience member would faint or vomit during performances. Theater director
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theater introduced relatable topics into the genre, the audience could visualize the plots taking place and thus experienced greater fear - the Grand-Guignol transformed the horror plot into something the audience could feel personally. Horror became a vehicle for ideas and philosophy where deep "insights gave way to spectacle, and spectacle to violence and gore, until in the end little was left but the gore". Today the horror genre begins with "optimism and hope", which "wither before random, chaotic, and inevitable violence".
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bite the hands of guards. During the time, curiosity and skepticism ravaged science and medicine. The depiction of scientists at the Grand-Guignol reflected the public attitude of fear and disdain. Medical science held a reputation of "terror and peculiar infamy". Middle-class
Parisian society believed science existed in a world of frivolity and falsehood, whereas art existed in a world of honesty. Poet
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was one of the Grand
Guignol's best-known performers. From 1917 to the 1930s, she performed most frequently as a victim and was known as "the most assassinated woman in the world." During her career at the Grand Guignol, Maxa's characters were murdered more than 10,000 times in at least 60 different
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The themes the Grand-Guignol introduced into the horror genre affected how the genre exists today. The Grand-Guignol's introduction of naturalism into horror "unmasked brutality of contemporary culture". Previously, horror served as escapism, dealing with the supernatural and unrelatable. After the
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by André de Lorde displays a depiction of a doctor typical of the theater. Dr. Goudron is portrayed as manic, insane, unreliable. He is seen "pac nervously" and "jumping on desk and gesticulating". Later Lorde depicts the scientist as violent, with
Goudron attempting to carve out an eye and then
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A former chapel, the theatre's previous life was evident in the boxes – which looked like confessionals – and in the angels over the orchestra. Although the architecture created frustrating obstacles, the design that was initially a predicament ultimately became beneficial to the marketing of the
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Audiences had strong reactions to the new disturbing themes the horror plays presented. One of the most prevalent themes staged at the Grand-Guignol was the demoralization and corruption of science. The "evil doctor" was a recurring trope in the horror shows performed. The popular show
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served as director from 1898 to 1914. Maurey shifted the theatre's emphasis to the horror plays it would become famous for and judged the success of a performance by the number of patrons who passed out from shock; the average was two faintings each evening. Maurey discovered
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657:, based on original texts by Nicolas Yazgi and directed by Frédéric Ozier. More than literal adaptations, the plays address violence, death, crime and fear in contemporary contexts, while revisiting many trope of the original Grand Guignol corpus, often with humour.
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was the Grand
Guignol's founder and original director. Under his direction, the theatre produced plays about a class of people who were not considered appropriate subjects in other venues: prostitutes, criminals, street urchins and others at the lower end of
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The Grand
Guignol was revived once again in London in 1945, under the direction of Frederick Witney, where it ran for two seasons at the Granville Theatre. These included premiers of Witney's own work as well as adaptations of French originals.
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Audiences waned in the years following World War II, and the Grand
Guignol closed its doors in 1962. Management attributed the closure in part to the fact that the theatre's faux horrors had been eclipsed by the actual events of the
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292:: When a doctor finds his wife's lover in his operating room, he performs a graphic brain surgery, rendering the adulterer a hallucinating semi-zombie. Now insane, the lover/patient hammers a chisel into the doctor's brain.
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ideals. The most popular and best-known were the horror plays, which featured a distinctly bleak worldview and gory special effects, particularly in their climaxes. The horrors depicted at Grand
Guignol were generally not
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Jack Jouvin served as director from 1930 to 1937. He shifted the theatre's subject matter, focusing performances not on gory horror but psychological drama. Under his leadership, the theatre's popularity waned and, after
694:. The show was an original tribute to Grand Guignol, a horror vaudeville with various horror and grotesque performances such as monologues, live music and burlesque, with a satirical black humour conduction.
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Ruff, Felicia J. "The Laugh
Factory? Humor and Horror at Le Théâtre du Grand Guignol." Theatre Symposium: A Journal of the Southeastern Theatre Conference, vol. 16, 2008, pp. 65–74.
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and heightened to today's audiences. For this reason, the term is often applied to films and plays of a stylized nature with heightened acting, melodrama and theatrical effects such as
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outshone even Coward's), and a series of short
English "Grand Guignol" films (using original screenplays, not play adaptations) was made at the same time, directed by
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The Swiss theatre company Compagnie Pied de Biche has revisited the Grand Guignol genre in contemporary contexts since 2008. The company staged in 2010 a diptych
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In a typical Grand Guignol performance patrons would see five or six short plays, all in a style that attempted to be brutally true to the theatre's
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Camille Choisy served as director from 1914 to 1930. He contributed his expertise in special effects and scenery to the theatre's distinctive style.
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Between 2011 and 2016, Baltimore-based Yellow Sign Theatre performed Grand Guignol productions (including a heavily updated version of
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The theatre's peak was between World War I and World War II, when it was frequented by royalty and celebrities in evening dress.
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De Lorde was the theatre's principal playwright from 1901 to 1926. He wrote at least 100 plays for the Grand Guignol, such as
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Hand, Richard J., and Michael Wilson. "Transatlantic Terror! French Horror Theater and American Pre-Code Comics."
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Recently formed London-based Grand Guignol company Theatre of the Damned, brought their first production to the
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and a collaborator of Méténier. His theatre gave Méténier a basic model to use for The Grand Guignol Theatre.
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district of Paris (7, cité Chaptal). From its opening in 1897 until its closing in 1962, it specialised in
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While the original Grand Guignol attempted to present naturalistic horror, the performances would seem
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used the goriness to his advantage by hiring doctors to be at performances as a marketing ploy.
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Grand Guignol: An Exhibition of Artworks Celebrating the Legendary Theater of Terror.
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Grand Guignol flourished briefly in London in the early 1920s under the direction of
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Forging the Visual Language of Horror: The Graphics of the Grand Guignol
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Knowing Fear: Science, Knowledge and the Development of the Horror Genre
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Since 2022 Yorkshire-based theatre company Contortium have been touring
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is an exemplary lens to use in order to understand these sympathies.
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In November 2014, 86 years after the last show of Alfredo Sainati's
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for its use of aging A-list actresses in sensational horror films.
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performance. With 293 seats, the venue was the smallest in Paris.
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puppet character, joining political commentary with the style of
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L'Histoire du Grand Guignol: Theatre de L'Epouvante et du Rire.
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The Grand Guignol building still exists. It is occupied by the
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Fredrick Witney – A forgotten legend of the Grand Guignol
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Violence and Vitriol – Exploring 'Le Baiser dans la nuit'
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shows. Its name is often used as a general term for graphic,
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This article is about the Paris theatre. For other uses, see
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Buildings and structures in the 9th arrondissement of Paris
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The former location of the Grand Guignol, now home to the
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and more. He collaborated with experimental psychologist
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Theater and Revolution: The Culture of the French Stage.
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Chapel of Gore and Psychosis: The Grand Guignol Theatre
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It's a scream: theatre of the macabre is a runaway hit
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Dame Sybil Thorndike – London's Queen of Screams
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The Théâtre du Grand-Guignol was founded in 1897 by
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30:Promotional poster for a Grand Guignol performance
608:, included De Lorde's famous adaptation of Poe's
281:Examples of Grand Guignol horror shows included:
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866:Exeter: University of Exeter Press, 2002. Print.
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754:London's Grand-Guignol and the Theatre of Horror
488:The System of Doctor Goudron and Professor Plume
692:Grand Guignol de Milan: Le Cabaret des Vampires
668:in November of that year. In 2011, they staged
245:Charles Nonon was the theatre's last director.
1229:"Revenge of the Grand Guignol – The Courtyard"
726:The Grand Guignol: Theatre of Fear and Terror.
611:The System of Doctor Tarr and Professor Fether
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1268:, Complexity, and the Televisual Palimpsest"
740:Grand-Guignol: The French Theatre of Horror.
864:Grand-Guignol The French Theatre of Horror.
346:, a company devoted to presenting plays in
328:two decades earlier. "We could never equal
63:horror entertainment, a genre popular from
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1189:"Frederic Ozier - Compagnie Pied de Biche"
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600:In recent years, English director-writer,
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676:, as part of the London Horror Festival.
664:in 2010 and produced the award nominated
553:Learn how and when to remove this message
404:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1264:"Not Just Another Serial Killer Show:
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947:. Grand Guignol Online. Archived from
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862:Hand, Richard J., and Michael Wilson.
838:. Grand Guignol Online. Archived from
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478:form a sub-branch of the genre called
2065:Internet Speculative Fiction Database
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881:"Fading Horrors of the Grand Guignol"
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234:ways and raped at least 3,000 times.
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1239:from the original on 18 October 2016
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681:Le Systéme du Dr Goudron et Pr Plume
616:Le Systéme du Dr Goudron et Pr Plume
589:. Several of the films exist at the
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535:adding citations to reliable sources
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386:adding citations to reliable sources
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67:theatre (for instance Shakespeare's
16:Theatre in the Pigalle area of Paris
922:. November 30, 1962. Archived from
879:Schneider, P. E. (March 18, 1957).
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752:Hand, Richard, and Michael Wilson.
738:Hand, Richard, and Michael Wilson.
735:University Press of Kentucky, 2010.
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13:
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1272:Quarterly Review of Film and Video
1262:Abbott, Stacey (11 January 2019).
807:. January 16, 1950. Archived from
756:University of Exeter Press, 2007.
742:University of Exeter Press, 2002.
704:
14:
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1373:, UK based Grand Guignol company.
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1312:(B.A.). University of Louisville.
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891:from the original on 23 July 2018
721:New York, The Viking Press, 1980.
618:) as well as two original plays,
457:What Ever Happened to Aunt Alice?
286:Le Laboratoire des Hallucinations
2158:1962 disestablishments in France
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445:What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?
362:
354:Thematic and structural analysis
296:Un Crime dans une Maison de Fous
119:, who planned it as a space for
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1170:from the original on 2007-09-27
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1018:from the original on 2006-05-18
984:from the original on 2007-09-27
522:needs additional citations for
373:needs additional citations for
257:A 1937 scene from Grand Guignol
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972:Pierron, Agnes (Summer 1996).
937:
791:
768:The Journal of Popular Culture
688:La Compagnia del Grand-Guignol
21:Grand Guignol (disambiguation)
1:
2153:1897 establishments in France
1337:The dictionary definition of
1308:Hodge, Marguerite V. (1997).
1284:10.1080/10509208.2018.1499348
463:What's the Matter with Helen?
442:films that went before them.
134:The theatre owed its name to
1006:"Murders in the Rue Chaptal"
784:
670:Revenge of the Grand Guignol
451:Hush...Hush, Sweet Charlotte
337:International Visual Theatre
242:, it was not well-attended.
103:International Visual Theatre
44:[ləteɑtʁdyɡʁɑ̃ɡiɲɔl]
7:
885:The New York Times Magazine
710:Antona-Traversi, Cammillo.
10:
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2148:Theatres completed in 1897
1371:Contortium Theatre Company
777:Olympian Publishing, 2010.
644:Il mondo di notte numero 3
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1359:Aboutface Theatre Company
733:The Philosophy of Horror.
714:Librarie theatrale, 1933.
674:Courtyard Theatre, London
2128:Former theatres in Paris
1166:. Grand Guignol Online.
945:"What is Grand Guignol?"
655:Impact & Dr. Incubis
475:Whoever Slew Auntie Roo?
248:
207:A Crime in the Mad House
65:Elizabethan and Jacobean
36:Théâtre du Grand-Guignol
1814:Fire-breathing monsters
1365:Compagnie Pied de Biche
1216:London Evening Standard
1160:"Excerpt from the film
770:, vol. 45, no. 2, 2012.
179:was the founder of the
308:Le Baiser dans la Nuit
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213:to create plays about
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1717:Organ transplantation
1317:Hunter, Jack (2011).
1218:Retrieved 2011-01-02.
1149:Retrieved 2011-02-01.
1130:Retrieved 2011-17-01.
1045:Retrieved 2011-02-01.
978:Grand Street Magazine
799:"Paris Writhes Again"
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40:French pronunciation:
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1355:at Wikimedia Commons
914:"Outdone by Reality"
728:Da Capo Press, 1997.
699:Tales of the Bizarre
591:BFI National Archive
583:The Sisters' Tragedy
581:(whose one-act play
531:improve this article
382:improve this article
203:The Ultimate Torture
76:The Duchess of Malfi
1499:Television programs
1451:Speculative fiction
1391: /
1233:thecourtyard.org.uk
629:The Tell Tale Heart
503:Legacy and revivals
480:Grande Dame Guignol
173:'s social echelon.
1616:Zombie pornography
1395:48.8814°N 2.3331°E
1211:2010-12-13 at the
1145:2011-07-08 at the
1126:2011-07-08 at the
1041:2011-07-08 at the
1014:. March 10, 1947.
974:"House of Horrors"
717:Brown, Frederick.
302:L'Horrible Passion
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2070:Bram Stoker Award
1809:Extraterrestrials
1769:Zombie apocalypse
1727:Postmodern horror
1351:Media related to
1321:. Creation Books.
1299:Colavito, Jason.
773:Negovan, Thomas.
762:978-0-85989-792-1
748:978-0-85989-696-2
642:(Original title:
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440:Hammer Horror
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429:Sleepy Hollow
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371:This section
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348:sign language
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312:Maurice Level
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199:The Old Woman
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181:Théâtre Libre
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177:André Antoine
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1986:Urban legend
1971:Supernatural
1936:Black comedy
1757:Weird menace
1685:Lovecraftian
1594:Splatterpunk
1574:Dark fantasy
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1241:. Retrieved
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1193:the original
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529:Please help
524:verification
521:
497:
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467:
461:
455:
449:
443:
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427:
423:Sweeney Todd
421:
418:melodramatic
415:
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380:Please help
375:verification
372:
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322:
307:
301:
295:
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268:supernatural
263:naturalistic
260:
244:
240:World War II
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211:Alfred Binet
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35:
33:
2034:Horror host
2017:LGBT themes
2012:Conventions
1941:Fantastique
1856:Sea monster
1804:Evil clowns
1564:Creepypasta
1504:Video games
1398: /
1070:Hunter 2011
1058:Hunter 2011
575:Noël Coward
469:Night Watch
340: [
227: [
106: [
2122:Categories
2039:Horrorcore
2022:characters
1956:Paranormal
1876:Werewolves
1841:Killer toy
1762:Weird West
1383:48°52′53″N
1243:17 October
1174:2007-04-10
1094:Hodge 1997
1022:2007-04-10
988:2007-04-10
955:2007-04-10
930:2007-04-10
846:2007-04-10
815:2007-04-10
637:mondo film
626:alongside
438:, and the
330:Buchenwald
224:Paula Maxa
187:Max Maurey
129:Max Maurey
121:naturalist
1981:Tokusatsu
1903:Skeletons
1831:Gargoyles
1752:New weird
1663:Tasmanian
1547:Christmas
1489:Magazines
1386:2°19′59″E
1292:192028583
836:"History"
785:Footnotes
635:The 1963
587:Fred Paul
567:Jose Levy
326:Holocaust
140:Lyonnaise
2094:Category
1976:Thriller
1908:Vampires
1871:Werecats
1779:Monsters
1737:Survival
1705:Werewolf
1695:Jiangshi
1690:Monsters
1675:Japanese
1658:Suburban
1648:Southern
1643:American
1589:Grimdark
1584:Faustian
1542:Cannibal
1494:Podcasts
1266:Hannibal
1237:Archived
1209:Archived
1168:Archived
1143:Archived
1124:Archived
1109:Colavito
1082:Colavito
1039:Archived
1016:Archived
982:Archived
895:10 April
889:Archived
272:hypnosis
215:insanity
47:) was a
2053:Related
2029:Macabre
2007:Writers
1951:Mystery
1920:Witches
1913:Zombies
1898:Mummies
1861:Piranha
1846:Mutants
1824:Dragons
1819:Chimera
1700:Vampire
1482:History
1256:Sources
1164:(1963)"
672:at the
319:Closure
136:Guignol
93:Theatre
53:Pigalle
51:in the
49:theatre
2106:Portal
1966:Shenmo
1893:Ghosts
1883:Undead
1797:Ghouls
1792:Devils
1787:Demons
1742:Techno
1680:Korean
1638:Gothic
1633:Giallo
1601:Erotic
1569:Cosmic
1557:Zombie
1552:Comedy
1472:Comics
1290:
760:
746:
577:, and
435:Quills
61:amoral
57:horror
1995:Other
1888:Death
1851:Ogres
1836:Kaiju
1668:Urban
1628:Ghost
1532:Black
1520:Types
1477:Films
1467:Anime
1460:Media
1288:S2CID
344:]
310:, by
288:, by
276:panic
274:, or
249:Plays
231:]
171:Paris
110:]
1623:Folk
1606:Guro
1537:Body
1509:list
1245:2016
1162:Ecco
1011:Time
919:Time
897:2007
804:Time
758:ISBN
744:ISBN
640:Ecco
622:and
472:and
79:and
34:The
1527:Art
1280:doi
533:by
384:by
2124::
1286:.
1276:35
1274:.
1270:.
1235:.
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1101:^
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997:^
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883:.
871:^
855:^
824:^
801:.
632:.
593:.
573:,
466:;
460:;
454:;
448:;
432:,
426:,
350:.
342:fr
229:fr
205:,
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108:fr
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401:(
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392:(
378:.
38:(
23:.
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