890:
168:
1366:
205:
1045:
152:
1073:
984:
1007:
others suffered severe damage, high-rise buildings that were built in compliance with the 1981 building code suffered to a lesser extent. Those that were not constructed to these standards suffered serious structural damage, such as traditional houses which had heavy tiled roofs that could weigh as much as two tons, intended to resist the frequent typhoons plaguing Kobe, but were only supported by a light wooden frame. When these wood supports gave way, the roof would crush the unreinforced walls and floors in a
140:
1276:
1036:
1306:
545:
27:
212:
175:
1378:
1390:
221:
184:
575:. Even at lower magnitudes, they can be very destructive because they often occur near populated areas and because their hypocenters are located less than 20 km below the surface. The Great Hanshin earthquake began north of the island of Awaji, which lies just south of Kobe. It spread toward the southwest along the
1296:
is an event held for approximately two weeks every
December. A street leading from the Daimaru store in Motomachi to Higashi Yuenchi Park (next to Kobe city hall) is decorated with arches of multicoloured lights that were donated by the Italian government. Amongst the commemorative events held on the
1283:
In response to the widespread damage to transportation infrastructure, and the resulting effect on emergency response times in the disaster area, the
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport began designating special disaster prevention routes and reinforcing the roads and surrounding buildings
1254:
In
December 1995, the government declared January 17 a national "Disaster Prevention and Volunteerism Day", and the week from January 15 to 21 a national "Disaster Prevention and Volunteerism Week", to be commemorated with lectures, seminars, and other events designed to encourage voluntary disaster
1241:
Despite this devastation in a big production center, the local economy recovered very quickly. Even though less than half the port facilities had been rebuilt by that stage, within a year import volumes through the port had recovered fully and export volumes were nearly back to where they would have
995:
in the port of Kobe. The quake triggered approximately 300 fires, which raged over large portions of the city. Disruptions of water, electricity and gas supplies were common. Residents feared returning home because of aftershocks that lasted several days (74 of which were strong enough to be felt).
1342:
Local hospitals struggled to keep up with demand for medical treatment, largely due to collapsed or obstructed "lifelines" (roads) that kept supplies and personnel from reaching the affected areas. People were forced to wait in corridors due to the overcrowding and lack of space. Some people had to
1338:
syndicate was actively involved in the relief effort from the beginning, distributing substantial amounts of food and supplies to needy victims. Aid provided by the
Yamaguchi-gumi was particularly crucial in the immediate aftermath of the earthquake, due to the failure of the Japanese government to
1263:
The earthquake proved to be a major wake-up call for
Japanese disaster prevention authorities. Japan installed rubber blocks under bridges to absorb the shock and rebuilt buildings further apart to prevent collateral damage. The national government changed its disaster response policies in the wake
1023:
collapsed structures were constructed properly according to the building codes in force in the 1960s. The steel-reinforcement specifications in the 1960s regulations had already been discovered to be inadequate and revised several times, the latest revision being in 1981, which proved effective but
1068:
was only lightly damaged, but was closed during the day until
February 17, 1995, so that emergency vehicles could easily access the hardest-hit areas to the west. It was not until July 29 that all four lanes were opened to traffic along one section. Many surface highways were clogged for some time
579:
on Awaji and toward the northeast along the Suma and
Suwayama faults, which run through the center of Kobe. Observations of deformations in these faults suggest that the area was subjected to east–west compression, which is consistent with previously known crustal movements. Like other earthquakes
1063:
Ten spans of the Kobe Route elevated expressway were knocked over in three locations across Kobe and
Nishinomiya, blocking a link that carried 40% of Osaka-Kobe road traffic. Half of the elevated expressway's piers sustained some damage. The entire route was not reopened until September 30, 1996.
1006:
One in five of the buildings in the worst-hit areas were completely destroyed or rendered uninhabitable. About 22% of the offices in Kobe's central business district were rendered unusable, and over half of the houses in that area were deemed unfit for occupancy. Although some were destroyed and
531:
At least 5,000 people died as a result of this earthquake; about 4,600 of them were from Kobe. Among major cities, Kobe, with its population of 1.5 million, was the closest to the epicenter and hit by the strongest tremors. This was Japan's deadliest earthquake in the 20th century after the
1022:
appeared on front pages of newspapers worldwide. Most people in Japan believed those structures to be relatively safe from earthquake damage because of the steel-reinforced concrete design. Although the initial belief was that construction had been negligent, it was later shown that most of the
1346:
To help speed the recovery effort, the government closed most of the
Hanshin Expressway network to private vehicles from 6:00 am to 8:00 pm daily and limited traffic to buses, taxis and other designated vehicles. To keep the light rail system running even though it had quite severely
1250:
The fact that volunteers from all over Japan converged on Kobe to help victims of the quake was an important event in the history of volunteerism in Japan. The year 1995 is often regarded as a turning point in the emergence of volunteerism as a major form of civic engagement.
568:, with mechanisms that involve either energy released within the subducting plate or the accumulation and sudden release of stress in the overlying plate. Earthquakes of these types are especially frequent in the coastal regions of northeastern Japan.
1135:. Water breaking through the surface and flooding those islands was initially believed to have seeped in from the sea, but in fact had been forced out of the soil used to build the islands. The newly completed artificial island supporting
2324:
1284:
so as to keep them as intact as possible in the event of another earthquake. Hyōgo's prefectural government invested millions of yen in the following years to build earthquake-proof shelters and supplies in public parks.
1520:
1120:). Service resumed across the entire line on February 16, 1995, with full service resuming a month later after repairs were completed. Trains continued to operate with speed restrictions until July 21, 1995.
627:(JMA). After the earthquake, seismic intensity observation in Japan was fully mechanized (from April 1996) and JMA seismic intensity Levels 5 and 6 were each divided into 2 levels (from October 1996).
1151:
Outside Japan the earthquake and disaster are commonly referred to as the Kobe earthquake; in Japan, the earthquake and the disaster caused by it is called The Great
Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Disaster
1268:
was significantly faster and more effective. The Ground Self-Defense Forces were given automatic authority to respond to earthquakes over a certain magnitude, which allowed them to deploy to the
2319:
2242:
Kitamura, R.; Yamamoto, T.; Fujii, S. (1998). "Impacts of the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake on Traffic and Travel – Where Did All the Traffic Go?". In Cairns, S.; Hass-Klau, C.; Goodwin, P. (eds.).
1143:, under construction near the earthquake's epicenter, was undamaged but was reportedly lengthened by a full meter due to horizontal displacement along the activated tectonic fault.
1064:
Three bridges on the less heavily used Route 2 were damaged, but the highway was reopened well ahead of Route 3 and served as one of the main intercity road links for a time. The
991:
Damage was widespread and severe. Structures irreparably damaged by the earthquake included nearly 400,000 buildings, numerous elevated road and rail bridges, and 120 of the 150
2637:
1242:
been without the disaster. Less than 15 months after the earthquake, in March 1996, manufacturing activity in greater Kobe was at 98% of its projected pre-quake level.
167:
630:
An on-the spot investigation by JMA concluded that tremors by this earthquake were at seismic intensity of Level 7 in particular areas in northern Awaji Island (now
1667:
1238:" tend towards purely economic analysis, and neglect the impact of the earthquake on the Japanese economy which at the time was already suffering from recession.
2269:
1600:
889:
2203:
Sterngold, James (January 22, 1995). "QUAKE IN JAPAN: GANGSTERS; Gang in Kobe Organizes Aid for People In Quake" – via NYTimes.com. Retrieved January 24, 2021.
903:
826:
730:
707:
691:
427:
1997:
1219:
The quake ravaged many of the facilities of what was then the world's sixth-largest container port and the source of nearly 40% of Kobe's industrial output.
1191:
refers to the area encompassing Osaka and Kobe). In the scientific literature the earthquake itself is called the 1995 Southern Hyōgo Prefecture Earthquake
620:
549:
505:
1693:
1096:
high-speed rail line, causing the entire line to shut down. The railways rebounded quickly after the quake, reaching 80% operability in one month. The
1313:
Approximately 1.2 million volunteers were involved in relief efforts during the first three months following the earthquake. Retailers such as
204:
1528:
1866:
349:
2534:
2297:
1922:
580:
recorded in western Japan between 1891 and 1948, the 1995 earthquake had a strike-slip mechanism that accommodated east–west shortening of the
1272:
within minutes. Control over fire response was likewise handed over from local fire departments to a central command base in Tokyo and Kyoto.
2354:
1586:
1080:
Most railways in the region were damaged. In the aftermath of the earthquake, only 30% of the Osaka-Kobe railway tracks were operational.
2171:
2068:
1297:
anniversary of the earthquake, large "1.17" digits are illuminated in Higashi Yuenchi Park in the early hours of January 17 each year.
91:
3183:
63:
44:
1637:
2999:
1402:
571:
The Great Hanshin earthquake belonged to a third type, called an "inland shallow earthquake". Earthquakes of this type occur along
1226:
index plunging by 1,025 points on the day following the quake. This financial damage was the immediate cause for the collapse of
3198:
1470:
70:
3079:
1139:
was not significantly affected, due it being further from the epicenter, and because it was built to the latest standards. The
2302:
2261:
3208:
2315:
3014:
2592:
433:
77:
2156:
2984:
2278:
2276:
The Medical and Public Health Response to the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake in Japan: A Case Study in Disaster Planning
1908:
2527:
2461:
2398:
1571:
1500:
1449:
253:
1611:
1014:
The damage to highways and subways was the most graphic image of the earthquake, and images of the collapsed elevated
2652:
2425:
2347:
1932:
509:
110:
59:
1740:"A fault model of the 1995 Kobe earthquake derived from the GPS data on the Akashi Kaikyo Bridge and other datasets"
3223:
3218:
2918:
1524:
267:
2004:
1803:
1011:. Newer homes have reinforced walls and lighter roofs to avoid this, but are thusly more susceptible to typhoons.
3034:
2179:
1476:
1109:
2712:
1322:
48:
2768:
533:
3213:
3135:
2989:
2979:
2878:
2848:
2520:
2485:
2289:
Are People Insured Against Natural Disasters? Evidence from the Great Hanshin-Awaji (Kobe) Earthquake in 1995
1700:
3119:
2883:
2863:
2808:
2617:
1883:
1234:, who had speculated vast amounts of money on Japanese and Singaporean derivatives. Discussions of Japan's "
3094:
3029:
2928:
2898:
2773:
2753:
2677:
2543:
2340:
1412:
1347:
damaged sections, shuttle buses were commissioned to transfer patrons to stations around damaged sections.
1136:
1480:
883:
3162:
2778:
2431:
2369:
2366:
2363:
2122:"Restoration from the earthquake disaster – City planning based on the lessons learned from the disaster"
1407:
1208:
674:
624:
502:
2818:
314:
3004:
2843:
2647:
2410:
2306:
1417:
1356:
242:
3157:
2964:
1265:
324:
84:
3188:
3104:
3089:
3069:
3059:
3054:
2783:
2763:
2622:
1863:
1092:
above it. Wooden supports collapsed inside supposedly solid concrete pilings under the tracks of the
599:
on the morning of January 17, 1995. It lasted for 20 seconds. During this time the south side of the
2722:
2667:
2597:
2587:
2577:
1938:
1557:
394:
3084:
3024:
3009:
2913:
2803:
2707:
2657:
2572:
2437:
2392:
1744:
494:
449:
2687:
2662:
2562:
2309:- Links to lists of the deceased and injured, including Japanese citizens and foreign students at
615:
It was the first time that an earthquake in Japan was officially measured at a seismic intensity (
3203:
3064:
3044:
2969:
2959:
2954:
2933:
2908:
2893:
2868:
2853:
2838:
2813:
2788:
2758:
2748:
2727:
2672:
2627:
2607:
2557:
2470:
2452:
1089:
1003:. A total of 68 children under the age of 18 were orphaned, while 332 children lost one parent.
919:
37:
3145:
2632:
2582:
2567:
1518:
1140:
3193:
3049:
3019:
2974:
2903:
2888:
2873:
2828:
2823:
2793:
2702:
2697:
2682:
2642:
2612:
2476:
2057:. Vol. 398, no. 8725. The Economist Newspaper Limited. March 19–25, 2011. p. 68.
498:
272:
3099:
3074:
3039:
2949:
2858:
2833:
2732:
2717:
2443:
2419:
2404:
2183:
1544:
1370:
1097:
808:
681:
259:
2288:
2072:
2069:"'Disaster Prevention and Volunteerism Day' and 'Disaster Prevention and Volunteerism Week'"
1757:
1222:
The sheer size of the earthquake caused a major decline in Japanese stock markets, with the
643:
3114:
3109:
2994:
2602:
1977:
1815:
1753:
1101:
1008:
839:
813:
786:
782:
585:
561:
413:
3140:
966:
871:
647:
8:
2798:
2692:
1645:
1235:
1044:
770:
596:
482:
1819:
1502:
Self Organization in Disaster Response: The Great Hanshin Earthquake of January 17, 1995
1000:
962:
794:
738:
490:
3150:
2293:
1831:
1771:
1269:
1085:
1065:
1024:
1019:
778:
774:
151:
2148:
2071:(in Japanese). Cabinet Office, Government of Japan. December 15, 1995. Archived from
1928:
1132:
1117:
790:
2121:
1835:
1775:
1321:
used their existing supply networks to provide necessities in affected areas, while
1072:
983:
970:
879:
715:
658:
2258:
2128:. Kinki Regional Development Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport
1823:
1761:
1532:
1113:
910:
762:
750:
746:
742:
653:
Tremors were valued at seismic intensity of Levels 4 to 6 at observation points in
954:
867:
699:
639:
2310:
2282:
2265:
1870:
1105:
1057:(left) and preserved damage at the Earthquake Memorial Park near the port of Kobe
938:
855:
766:
754:
1699:(in Japanese). Cabinet Office, Government of Japan. pp. 5–6. Archived from
1124:
875:
666:
631:
1827:
1330:
1293:
1081:
946:
895:
851:
758:
581:
139:
1959:
3177:
2275:
2053:
942:
859:
847:
843:
719:
654:
565:
364:
351:
1100:
resumed operation the day after the earthquake with limited service between
1668:"Japan remembers more than 6,400 victims of Kobe earthquake after 22 years"
1394:
1382:
1275:
1227:
1054:
927:
600:
576:
572:
521:
384:
2332:
1924:
Hyogoken-Nanbu (Kobe) Earthquake of January 17, 1995: Lifeline Performance
2244:
Traffic Impact of Highway Capacity Reductions: Assessment of the Evidence
1982:
1519:
National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS) (1972).
1231:
1128:
863:
1443:
1035:
603:
moved 1.5 meters to the right and 1.2 meters downwards. There were four
2512:
2149:"Earthquake Readiness: From Underground Stores to Satellite Monitoring"
1973:
1839:
1766:
1739:
1608:
The Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake: Statistics and Restoration Progress
1223:
1093:
1015:
557:
513:
455:
999:
The majority of deaths (over 4,000) occurred in cities and suburbs in
1575:
1536:
950:
604:
517:
1305:
673:
Seismic intensity at the seismic intensity observation point of the
607:, beginning with the largest (Mj 3.7) at 18:28 on the previous day.
544:
26:
1326:
1318:
923:
2259:
Great Hanshin Earthquake and the destruction of the infrastructure
1329:
provided free telephone service for victims. The organized crime
2095:
1738:
Koketsu, Kazuki; Yoshida, Shingo; Higashihara, Hiromichi (1998).
662:
1389:
1334:
589:
1314:
958:
915:
833:
723:
1445:
ISC-GEM Global Instrumental Earthquake Catalogue (1900–2009)
2048:
992:
635:
525:
1169:, often shortened to The Great Hanshin Earthquake Disaster
1737:
1671:
1069:
due to the collapse of higher-capacity elevated highways.
486:
512:). The tremors lasted for approximately 20 seconds. The
2270:
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
1788:"7-2(2)The 1995 Southern Hyogo Prefecture Earthquake",
556:
Most of the largest earthquakes in Japan are caused by
1279:
1.17 memorial in Kobe in January 2005, ten years later
702:(in Awaji Island) and Kobe (both in Hyōgo Prefecture)
2241:
2224:
2212:
2028:
1635:
1354:
516:
of the earthquake was located 17 km beneath its
2500:
indicates earthquake resulting in at least 30 deaths
2096:"The Great Hanshin Earthquake: Lessons for Niigata"
1873:
on JMA database (in Japanese) of seismic intensity.
1309:
Local memorial in Kobe. "We won't forget that time"
51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1339:organize effective relief to the area initially.
524:, 20 km away from the center of the city of
3175:
1978:Hunt for tsunami orphans hampered, unprecedented
1920:
1598:
211:
174:
144:The damaged Kobe Route of the Hanshin Expressway
2146:
1859:
1857:
1343:be operated on in waiting rooms and corridors.
1200:
1178:
1160:
2505:indicates the deadliest earthquake of the year
2298:Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion
2246:. London: Landor Publishing. pp. 239–261.
1202:Heisei 7 nen (1995 nen) Hyōgo-ken Nanbu Jishin
1194:
1172:
1154:
2528:
2348:
2093:
2043:
2041:
2039:
2037:
803:Seismic intensity determined by field survey
1854:
548:Red lines marked the highest Level 7 on the
2362:
1998:"Introduction to the Building Standard Law"
1464:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1264:of the earthquake, and its response to the
1131:in Kobe, suffered severe subsidence due to
619:in Japanese) of the highest Level 7 on the
2535:
2521:
2355:
2341:
2034:
2003:. Building Center of Japan. Archived from
1801:
1636:Kobe City FIRE Bureau (January 17, 2006).
888:
481:occurred on January 17, 1995, at 05:46:53
150:
138:
2169:
1765:
1629:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1437:
1435:
1433:
595:The Mj 7.3 earthquake struck at 05:46:53
536:, which claimed more than 105,000 lives.
325:
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
2542:
2303:Special Great Hanshin Earthquake Edition
1995:
1961:Seconds from disaster – Kobe Earthquake,
1455:
1403:List of disasters in Japan by death toll
1304:
1274:
1071:
982:
543:
501:and had a maximum intensity of 7 on the
2049:"Economics Focus: The Cost of calamity"
1901:
1644:. Kobe City Fire Bureau. Archived from
1498:
1123:Artificial islands, such as the modern
493:, Japan, including the region known as
16:Earthquake in Japan on January 17, 1995
3176:
1914:
1592:
1487:
1430:
1088:line collapsed, bringing down part of
2516:
2336:
2320:Sony Computer Science Laboratory Inc.
1802:Somerville, Paul (February 7, 1995).
2126:Great Hanshin Earthquake Restoration
1804:"Kobe Earthquake: An Urban Disaster"
1599:The City of Kobe (January 1, 2009).
1468:
1258:
49:adding citations to reliable sources
20:
2225:Kitamura, Yamamoto & Fujii 1998
2213:Kitamura, Yamamoto & Fujii 1998
2029:Kitamura, Yamamoto & Fujii 1998
1441:
13:
2316:Kansai Area Earthquake information
2234:
2094:Burritt Sabin (October 31, 2004).
1724:"(2) Shallow inland earthquakes",
1572:International Seismological Centre
1570:
1450:International Seismological Centre
14:
3235:
2252:
2147:Japan Echo Inc. (April 2, 1998).
1521:"Significant Earthquake Database"
1255:preparedness and relief efforts.
510:Modified Mercalli intensity scale
3184:Earthquakes of the Heisei period
1996:Hasegawa, Tomohiro (July 2013).
1525:National Geophysical Data Center
1388:
1376:
1364:
1214:
1043:
1034:
315:
219:
210:
203:
182:
173:
166:
25:
2218:
2206:
2197:
2180:Japan Policy Research Institute
2163:
2140:
2114:
2087:
2061:
2022:
1989:
1967:
1953:
1876:
1795:
1782:
1731:
1718:
1477:United States Geological Survey
1245:
1211:the week after the main shock.
1146:
1110:Hokushin Kyuko Electric Railway
420:
36:needs additional citations for
2172:"The Great Hanshin Earthquake"
2100:J@pan Inc Newsletter (No. 295)
1921:Anshel J. Schiff, ed. (1999).
1686:
1660:
1564:
1512:
1207:, the name given to it by the
1025:only applied to new structures
584:due to its collision with the
1:
3136:Nankai megathrust earthquakes
2176:JPRI Occasional Paper (No. 2)
1423:
894:Area of seismic intensity 7 (
552:. Area shaded purple is Kobe.
539:
3209:January 1995 events in Japan
1472:PAGER-CAT Earthquake Catalog
1413:List of earthquakes in Japan
1287:
1137:Kansai International Airport
610:
233:Show map of Hyōgo Prefecture
220:
183:
7:
3199:History of Hyōgo Prefecture
3163:Matsushiro earthquake swarm
3080:2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi
2170:Fukushima, Glen S. (1995),
2157:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
1927:. Reston, VA: ASCE, TCLEE.
1580:. Thatcham, United Kingdom.
1408:List of earthquakes in 1995
1350:
1300:
1209:Japan Meteorological Agency
1201:
1179:
1161:
675:Japan Meteorological Agency
625:Japan Meteorological Agency
534:1923 Great Kantō earthquake
339:17.6 km (10.9 mi)
10:
3240:
2307:St. Cloud State University
2281:November 23, 2018, at the
2102:. Japan Inc Communications
1828:10.1029/EO076i006p00049-02
1469:USGS (September 4, 2009),
1418:Natural disasters in Japan
987:Damage at Minatogawa, Kobe
722:(in Shiga Prefecture) and
489:) in the southern part of
282:January 17, 1995
60:"Great Hanshin earthquake"
3128:
2942:
2741:
2550:
2495:
2376:
2294:Seismic Activity in Japan
2264:October 14, 2014, at the
1964:National Geographic video
1869:October 20, 2017, at the
1790:Seismic Activity in Japan
1726:Seismic Activity in Japan
1195:
1173:
1155:
1108:stations (along with the
978:
902:
887:
520:, on the northern end of
497:. It measured 6.9 on the
471:251,301–310,000 displaced
463:
443:
419:
408:
400:
390:
380:
343:
335:
309:
301:
293:
278:
265:
252:
241:
161:
149:
137:
128:
2287:Sawada and Shimizutani,
1745:Earth, Planets and Space
1499:Comfort, Louise (1995).
1162:Hanshin-Awaji Daishinsai
485:(January 16 at 20:46:53
479:Great Hanshin Earthquake
124:Great Hanshin earthquake
3224:Strike-slip earthquakes
3219:1995 disasters in Japan
3158:South Kantō earthquakes
1758:1998EP&S...50..803K
1266:2004 Chūetsu earthquake
718:(in Hyōgo Prefecture),
634:) and in the cities of
506:Seismic Intensity Scale
1986:, April 2, 2011, p. 4.
1694:"Earthquakes in Japan"
1552:Cite journal requires
1310:
1280:
1230:due to the actions of
1077:
988:
553:
499:moment magnitude scale
469:36,896–43,792 injured
2919:1994 offshore Sanriku
2874:1973 Nemuro Peninsula
1475:, Version 2008_06.1,
1308:
1278:
1098:Kobe Municipal Subway
1075:
986:
547:
3214:Shindo 7 earthquakes
3146:Tōnankai earthquakes
2544:Earthquakes in Japan
2186:on December 18, 2012
2010:on September 2, 2022
1941:on December 18, 2013
1141:Akashi Kaikyō Bridge
586:Philippine Sea Plate
562:Philippine Sea Plate
45:improve this article
2367:Earthquakes in 1995
2329:(ソニーコンピュータサイエンス研究所)
1820:1995EOSTr..76...49S
1577:Bulletin of the ISC
1076:Damage in Sannomiya
804:
737:the prefectures of
677:
467:5,502–6,434 killed
361: /
248:1995-01-16 20:46:53
125:
3151:Nankai earthquakes
2990:2007 Kuril Islands
2980:2006 Kuril Islands
2879:1974 Izu Peninsula
2849:1963 Kuril Islands
2648:1771 Great Yaeyama
1888:www.data.jma.go.jp
1767:10.1186/BF03352173
1674:. January 17, 2017
1311:
1281:
1196:平成7年(1995年)兵庫県南部地震
1180:Hanshin Daishinsai
1086:Kobe Rapid Railway
1078:
1066:Meishin Expressway
1020:Hanshin Expressway
989:
802:
672:
554:
123:
3171:
3170:
3141:Tōkai earthquakes
3000:2008 Iwate–Miyagi
2899:1983 Sea of Japan
2774:1925 North Tajima
2754:1911 Kikai Island
2510:
2509:
1706:on March 27, 2009
1648:on April 14, 2008
1483:on March 13, 2020
1259:Disaster planning
1090:National Route 28
1053:A section of the
976:
975:
800:
799:
475:
474:
444:Peak acceleration
196:Show map of Japan
121:
120:
113:
95:
3231:
3189:1995 earthquakes
3129:Related articles
2929:2000 Izu Islands
2779:1927 North Tango
2769:1923 Great Kantō
2537:
2530:
2523:
2514:
2513:
2357:
2350:
2343:
2334:
2333:
2328:
2247:
2228:
2222:
2216:
2210:
2204:
2201:
2195:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2182:, archived from
2167:
2161:
2160:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2091:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2065:
2059:
2058:
2045:
2032:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2009:
2002:
1993:
1987:
1971:
1965:
1957:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1937:. Archived from
1918:
1912:
1911:, 気象庁技術報告, 第119号
1905:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1880:
1874:
1861:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1838:. Archived from
1799:
1793:
1786:
1780:
1779:
1769:
1735:
1729:
1722:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1705:
1698:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1664:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1633:
1627:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1617:on June 26, 2011
1616:
1610:. Archived from
1605:
1596:
1590:
1585:
1581:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1555:
1550:
1548:
1540:
1537:10.7289/V5TD9V7K
1516:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1496:
1485:
1484:
1479:, archived from
1466:
1453:
1452:
1439:
1393:
1392:
1381:
1380:
1379:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1360:
1206:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1186:
1185:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1168:
1167:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1047:
1038:
1009:pancake collapse
1001:Hyōgo Prefecture
906:
892:
829:
805:
801:
733:
710:
694:
678:
671:
491:Hyōgo Prefecture
439:
436:
430:
422:
376:
375:
373:
372:
371:
366:
365:34.59°N 135.07°E
362:
359:
358:
357:
354:
330:
320:
289:
287:
234:
223:
222:
214:
213:
207:
197:
186:
185:
177:
176:
170:
154:
142:
133:
126:
122:
116:
109:
105:
102:
96:
94:
53:
29:
21:
3239:
3238:
3234:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3229:
3228:
3174:
3173:
3172:
3167:
3124:
3120:2024 Hyūga-nada
2938:
2884:1978 Izu Ōshima
2864:1968 Hyūga-nada
2844:1961 North Mino
2809:1941 Hyūga-nada
2737:
2713:1891 Mino–Owari
2618:1662 Hyūga-nada
2546:
2541:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2491:
2372:
2361:
2322:
2311:Kobe University
2283:Wayback Machine
2266:Wayback Machine
2255:
2250:
2237:
2235:Further reading
2232:
2231:
2223:
2219:
2211:
2207:
2202:
2198:
2189:
2187:
2168:
2164:
2153:Trends in JAPAN
2145:
2141:
2131:
2129:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2105:
2103:
2092:
2088:
2078:
2076:
2075:on May 25, 2009
2067:
2066:
2062:
2047:
2046:
2035:
2027:
2023:
2013:
2011:
2007:
2000:
1994:
1990:
1972:
1968:
1958:
1954:
1944:
1942:
1935:
1919:
1915:
1906:
1902:
1892:
1890:
1882:
1881:
1877:
1871:Wayback Machine
1862:
1855:
1845:
1843:
1800:
1796:
1787:
1783:
1736:
1732:
1723:
1719:
1709:
1707:
1703:
1696:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1677:
1675:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1651:
1649:
1634:
1630:
1620:
1618:
1614:
1603:
1597:
1593:
1583:
1582: [Event
1569:
1565:
1553:
1551:
1542:
1541:
1517:
1513:
1505:
1497:
1488:
1467:
1456:
1448:, Version 2.0,
1440:
1431:
1426:
1399:
1387:
1377:
1375:
1365:
1363:
1355:
1353:
1303:
1290:
1261:
1248:
1217:
1192:
1183:
1170:
1165:
1152:
1149:
1127:and especially
1061:
1060:
1059:
1058:
1050:
1049:
1048:
1040:
1039:
981:
904:
893:
827:
731:
708:
692:
613:
550:intensity scale
542:
508:(XI–XII on the
470:
468:
453:
434:
428:
426:
369:
367:
363:
360:
355:
352:
350:
348:
347:
329:
322:
319:
294:Local time
285:
283:
279:Local date
237:
236:
235:
232:
231:
230:
229:
228:
224:
216:
215:
199:
198:
195:
194:
193:
192:
191:
187:
179:
178:
157:
145:
131:
129:
117:
106:
100:
97:
54:
52:
42:
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3237:
3227:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3204:Events in Kobe
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3154:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3132:
3130:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3105:2022 Fukushima
3102:
3097:
3092:
3090:2021 Fukushima
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3070:2016 Fukushima
3067:
3062:
3057:
3055:2015 Ogasawara
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3035:2011 Fukushima
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2946:
2944:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2784:1930 North Izu
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2764:1922 Shimabara
2761:
2756:
2751:
2745:
2743:
2739:
2738:
2736:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2554:
2552:
2548:
2547:
2540:
2539:
2532:
2525:
2517:
2508:
2507:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2483:
2479:(6.2, Oct 24)
2474:
2468:
2462:Colima–Jalisco
2459:
2450:
2441:
2435:
2429:
2428:(7.3, July 11)
2423:
2417:
2413:(7.0, May 27)
2408:
2402:
2399:Kozani–Grevena
2396:
2390:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2360:
2359:
2352:
2345:
2337:
2331:
2330:
2313:
2300:
2291:
2285:
2274:Kunii et al.,
2272:
2254:
2253:External links
2251:
2249:
2248:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2230:
2229:
2217:
2205:
2196:
2162:
2139:
2113:
2086:
2060:
2033:
2021:
1988:
1966:
1952:
1933:
1913:
1900:
1875:
1853:
1842:on May 1, 1997
1794:
1781:
1730:
1717:
1685:
1659:
1628:
1591:
1563:
1554:|journal=
1511:
1486:
1454:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1398:
1397:
1385:
1373:
1371:Earth sciences
1352:
1349:
1331:Yamaguchi-gumi
1302:
1299:
1294:Kobe Luminarie
1289:
1286:
1270:Niigata region
1260:
1257:
1247:
1244:
1216:
1213:
1148:
1145:
1082:Daikai Station
1052:
1051:
1042:
1041:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1030:
1029:
980:
977:
974:
973:
935:
931:
930:
913:
908:
900:
899:
886:
836:
831:
823:
822:
819:
816:
811:
798:
797:
735:
727:
726:
714:the cities of
712:
704:
703:
698:the cities of
696:
688:
687:
684:
612:
609:
582:Eurasian Plate
541:
538:
473:
472:
465:
461:
460:
445:
441:
440:
424:
417:
416:
412:$ 200 billion
410:
406:
405:
402:
401:Areas affected
398:
397:
392:
388:
387:
382:
378:
377:
345:
341:
340:
337:
333:
332:
327:
317:
311:
307:
306:
303:
299:
298:
295:
291:
290:
280:
276:
275:
270:
263:
262:
257:
250:
249:
246:
239:
238:
226:
225:
218:
217:
209:
208:
202:
201:
200:
189:
188:
181:
180:
172:
171:
165:
164:
163:
162:
159:
158:
155:
147:
146:
143:
135:
134:
119:
118:
33:
31:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3236:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3194:1995 in Japan
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3181:
3179:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3127:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3085:2019 Yamagata
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3060:2016 Kumamoto
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3025:2011 Shizuoka
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3010:2009 Shizuoka
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2945:
2941:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2914:1993 Okushiri
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2819:1944 Tōnankai
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2804:1940 Shakotan
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2740:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2708:1889 Kumamoto
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2678:1854 Iga–Ueno
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2658:1804 Kisakata
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2573:1293 Kamakura
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2538:
2533:
2531:
2526:
2524:
2519:
2518:
2515:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2488:(7.3, Nov 22)
2487:
2486:Gulf of Aqaba
2484:
2482:
2478:
2475:
2473:(7.1, Oct 20)
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:(8.0, Oct 9)
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:(6.8, Oct 6)
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:(6.2, Oct 1)
2445:
2442:
2440:(7.4, Sep 14)
2439:
2436:
2434:(8.0, Jul 30)
2433:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2422:(6.5, Jun 15)
2421:
2418:
2416:
2412:
2409:
2407:(6.9, May 14)
2406:
2403:
2401:(6.6, May 13)
2400:
2397:
2395:(5.7, Apr 14)
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2383:(~7, Jan 17)
2382:
2381:Great Hanshin
2379:
2378:
2375:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2358:
2353:
2351:
2346:
2344:
2339:
2338:
2335:
2326:
2321:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2286:
2284:
2280:
2277:
2273:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2245:
2240:
2239:
2227:, p. 256
2226:
2221:
2215:, p. 260
2214:
2209:
2200:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2166:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2143:
2127:
2123:
2117:
2101:
2097:
2090:
2074:
2070:
2064:
2056:
2055:
2054:The Economist
2050:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2031:, p. 240
2030:
2025:
2006:
1999:
1992:
1985:
1984:
1979:
1975:
1970:
1963:
1962:
1956:
1940:
1936:
1934:9780784404089
1930:
1926:
1925:
1917:
1910:
1904:
1889:
1885:
1879:
1872:
1868:
1865:
1864:Search result
1860:
1858:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1798:
1791:
1785:
1777:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1746:
1741:
1734:
1727:
1721:
1702:
1695:
1689:
1673:
1669:
1663:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1632:
1613:
1609:
1602:
1595:
1588:
1579:
1578:
1573:
1567:
1559:
1546:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1515:
1508:. p. 12.
1504:
1503:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1473:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1451:
1447:
1446:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1429:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1384:
1374:
1372:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1307:
1298:
1295:
1285:
1277:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1256:
1252:
1243:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1220:
1215:Other aspects
1212:
1210:
1203:
1190:
1181:
1163:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1056:
1046:
1037:
1028:
1026:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1010:
1004:
1002:
997:
994:
985:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
933:
932:
929:
925:
921:
920:Nishiyodogawa
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
901:
897:
891:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
835:
832:
830:
825:
824:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
806:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
734:
729:
728:
725:
721:
717:
713:
711:
706:
705:
701:
697:
695:
690:
689:
685:
683:
680:
679:
676:
670:
668:
664:
660:
656:
651:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
628:
626:
622:
618:
608:
606:
602:
598:
593:
591:
587:
583:
578:
574:
573:active faults
569:
567:
566:Pacific Plate
563:
559:
551:
546:
537:
535:
529:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
466:
462:
459:
458:
452:
451:
446:
442:
437:
431:
425:
418:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
396:
393:
389:
386:
383:
379:
374:
370:34.59; 135.07
346:
342:
338:
334:
331:
321:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
281:
277:
274:
271:
269:
264:
261:
258:
255:
251:
247:
244:
240:
206:
169:
160:
156:USGS ShakeMap
153:
148:
141:
136:
127:
115:
112:
104:
101:February 2015
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69:
65:
62: –
61:
57:
56:Find sources:
50:
46:
40:
39:
34:This article
32:
28:
23:
22:
19:
3065:2016 Tottori
3045:2012 Sanriku
2985:2007 Chūetsu
2970:2005 Fukuoka
2965:2004 Chūetsu
2960:2003 Tokachi
2943:21st century
2934:2000 Tottori
2924:1995 Hanshin
2923:
2909:1993 Kushiro
2894:1982 Urakawa
2869:1968 Tokachi
2854:1964 Niigata
2839:1952 Tokachi
2814:1943 Tottori
2789:1933 Sanriku
2759:1914 Senboku
2749:1909 Anegawa
2742:20th century
2728:1896 Sanriku
2673:1847 Zenkoji
2628:1703 Genroku
2608:1611 Sanriku
2593:1596 Fushimi
2558:679 Tsukushi
2502:
2497:
2480:
2465:
2456:
2447:
2414:
2387:
2384:
2380:
2243:
2220:
2208:
2199:
2188:, retrieved
2184:the original
2175:
2165:
2152:
2142:
2132:November 23,
2130:. Retrieved
2125:
2116:
2104:. Retrieved
2099:
2089:
2077:. Retrieved
2073:the original
2063:
2052:
2024:
2012:. Retrieved
2005:the original
1991:
1981:
1969:
1960:
1955:
1943:. Retrieved
1939:the original
1923:
1916:
1903:
1891:. Retrieved
1887:
1884:"震度データベース検索"
1878:
1844:. Retrieved
1840:the original
1814:(6): 49–51.
1811:
1807:
1797:
1789:
1784:
1749:
1743:
1733:
1725:
1720:
1708:. Retrieved
1701:the original
1688:
1676:. Retrieved
1662:
1650:. Retrieved
1646:the original
1641:
1631:
1621:November 29,
1619:. Retrieved
1612:the original
1607:
1601:"Statistics"
1594:
1576:
1566:
1545:cite journal
1523:(Data Set).
1514:
1501:
1481:the original
1471:
1444:
1442:ISC (2015),
1345:
1341:
1333:
1312:
1291:
1282:
1262:
1253:
1249:
1246:Volunteerism
1240:
1228:Barings Bank
1221:
1218:
1188:
1150:
1147:Nomenclature
1133:liquefaction
1125:Rokkō Island
1122:
1102:Seishin-Chuo
1079:
1062:
1055:Nojima Fault
1013:
1005:
998:
990:
652:
629:
616:
614:
601:Nojima Fault
594:
577:Nojima Fault
570:
555:
530:
522:Awaji Island
478:
476:
456:
448:
409:Total damage
297:05:46:53 JST
107:
98:
88:
81:
74:
67:
55:
43:Please help
38:verification
35:
18:
3095:2021 Miyagi
3050:2014 Nagano
3030:2011 Miyagi
3020:2011 Nagano
3015:2011 Tōhoku
2975:2005 Miyagi
2955:2003 Miyagi
2904:1984 Nagano
2889:1978 Miyagi
2829:1946 Nankai
2824:1945 Mikawa
2794:1936 Miyagi
2723:1894 Shōnai
2703:1872 Hamada
2698:1858 Hietsu
2683:1854 Nankai
2668:1833 Shōnai
2643:1751 Takada
2613:1662 Kanbun
2598:1605 Keichō
2588:1586 Tenshō
2578:1361 Shōhei
2432:Antofagasta
2323: [
2190:October 13,
2014:February 8,
1983:Japan Times
1907:気象庁(1997):
1752:(10): 803.
1678:October 17,
1236:Lost Decade
1232:Nick Leeson
1129:Port Island
864:Nishinomiya
840:Higashinada
644:Nishinomiya
588:in central
395:Strike-slip
368: /
305:~20 seconds
256: event
3178:Categories
3100:2021 Chiba
3075:2018 Osaka
3040:2012 Chiba
3005:2008 Iwate
2950:2001 Geiyo
2859:1968 Ebino
2834:1948 Fukui
2733:1896 Rikuu
2718:1894 Tokyo
2688:1854 Tōkai
2663:1828 Sanjō
2653:1792 Unzen
2638:1741 Kampo
2563:684 Hakuho
2551:Historical
2411:Neftegorsk
1974:Kyodo News
1424:References
1224:Nikkei 225
1094:Shinkansen
1016:Kobe Route
967:Higashiura
884:Ichinomiya
872:Takarazuka
814:Prefecture
648:Takarazuka
632:Awaji City
605:foreshocks
558:subduction
540:Earthquake
464:Casualties
435:MMI XI–XII
286:1995-01-17
245: time
71:newspapers
3115:2024 Noto
3110:2023 Noto
2995:2007 Noto
2633:1707 Hōei
2623:1677 Bōsō
2603:1611 Aizu
2583:1498 Meiō
2568:869 Jōgan
1288:Memorials
1118:Shin-Kobe
965:, Awaji,
963:Kawanishi
951:Amagasaki
818:Location
809:Intensity
787:Tokushima
783:Hiroshima
686:Location
682:Intensity
669:regions:
611:Intensity
518:epicenter
423:intensity
344:Epicenter
310:Magnitude
2799:1939 Oga
2693:1855 Edo
2438:Guerrero
2426:Menglian
2393:Marathon
2279:Archived
2262:Archived
1945:July 27,
1909:第2章 現地調査
1867:Archived
1836:89342337
1776:13561501
1642:阪神・淡路大震災
1351:See also
1327:Motorola
1319:7-Eleven
1301:Response
1156:阪神・淡路大震災
1114:Tanigami
1112:between
924:Toyonaka
771:Wakayama
356:135°04′E
302:Duration
132:阪神・淡路大震災
2471:Chiapas
2453:Kerinci
2106:May 25,
1893:July 5,
1816:Bibcode
1754:Bibcode
1652:May 25,
1638:"被害の状況"
1357:Portals
1189:Hanshin
1106:Itayado
1084:on the
1018:of the
971:Goshiki
880:Hokudan
779:Okayama
775:Tottori
716:Toyooka
663:Shikoku
659:Chūgoku
560:of the
495:Hanshin
353:34°35′N
284: (
130:兵庫県南部地震
85:scholar
2477:Wuding
2079:May 2,
1931:
1846:May 6,
1834:
1774:
1710:May 6,
1589:].
1587:124708
1584:
1335:yakuza
979:Damage
955:Akashi
939:Tarumi
937:Kobe (
934:Hyogo
868:Ashiya
856:Nagata
838:Kobe (
791:Kagawa
720:Hikone
700:Sumoto
655:Kansai
640:Ashiya
617:shindo
590:Honshu
385:Nojima
273:ComCat
260:124708
87:
80:
73:
66:
58:
2444:Dinar
2420:Aigio
2405:Timor
2327:]
2008:(PDF)
2001:(PDF)
1832:S2CID
1772:S2CID
1704:(PDF)
1697:(PDF)
1615:(PDF)
1604:(PDF)
1506:(PDF)
1395:1990s
1383:Japan
1315:Daiei
1174:阪神大震災
993:quays
959:Itami
947:Nishi
928:Ikeda
916:Osaka
911:Osaka
905:JMA 6
876:Tsuna
852:Hyogo
834:Hyogo
828:JMA 7
795:Kōchi
763:Osaka
751:Fukui
747:Kyoto
743:Shiga
739:Hyōgo
732:JMA 4
724:Kyoto
709:JMA 5
693:JMA 6
667:Chūbu
621:scale
514:focus
447:0.91
429:JMA 7
414:(USD)
404:Japan
381:Fault
336:Depth
266:USGS-
92:JSTOR
78:books
2192:2005
2134:2006
2108:2008
2081:2009
2016:2023
1947:2012
1929:ISBN
1895:2021
1848:2009
1712:2009
1680:2020
1654:2008
1623:2009
1558:help
1529:NOAA
1325:and
1317:and
1292:The
1116:and
1104:and
943:Kita
860:Suma
848:Chuo
844:Nada
821:Map
793:and
767:Nara
755:Gifu
665:and
646:and
636:Kobe
526:Kobe
477:The
454:891
421:Max.
391:Type
323:6.9
313:7.3
268:ANSS
227:Kobe
190:Kobe
64:news
1980:",
1976:, "
1824:doi
1808:Eos
1762:doi
1672:EFE
1533:doi
1323:NTT
949:),
922:),
896:震度7
862:),
759:Mie
623:of
597:JST
564:or
503:JMA
487:UTC
483:JST
457:gal
318:JMA
254:ISC
243:UTC
47:by
3180::
2325:ja
2318:-
2305:-
2296:–
2268:–
2178:,
2174:,
2155:.
2151:.
2124:.
2098:.
2051:.
2036:^
1886:.
1856:^
1830:.
1822:.
1812:76
1810:.
1806:.
1770:.
1760:.
1750:50
1748:.
1742:.
1670:.
1640:.
1606:.
1574:.
1549::
1547:}}
1543:{{
1531:.
1527:,
1489:^
1457:^
1432:^
1199:,
1187:(
1177:,
1159:,
1027:.
969:,
961:,
957:,
953:,
945:,
941:,
926:,
898:)
882:,
878:,
874:,
870:,
866:,
858:,
854:,
850:,
846:,
842:,
789:,
785:,
781:,
777:,
773:,
769:,
765:,
761:,
757:,
753:,
749:,
745:,
741:,
661:,
657:,
650:.
642:,
638:,
592:.
528:.
2536:e
2529:t
2522:v
2503:‡
2498:†
2481:†
2466:†
2457:†
2448:†
2415:†
2388:‡
2385:†
2370:→
2364:←
2356:e
2349:t
2342:v
2159:.
2136:.
2110:.
2083:.
2018:.
1949:.
1897:.
1850:.
1826::
1818::
1792:.
1778:.
1764::
1756::
1728:.
1714:.
1682:.
1656:.
1625:.
1560:)
1556:(
1539:.
1535::
1359::
1205:)
1193:(
1184:)
1171:(
1166:)
1153:(
918:(
450:g
438:)
432:(
328:w
326:M
316:M
288:)
114:)
108:(
103:)
99:(
89:·
82:·
75:·
68:·
41:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
