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his brother-in-law, says Donald, this "certainly does not exonerate him from guilt". William
Roughead questioned the role of the mate in the eviction of the stowaways. On the one hand, he says, it was most likely his diabolic treatment of them that inspired the captain to do so; yet, on the other, he seems to have effaced himself from the proceedings. According to John Paul's testimony, when Paul asked that he be kept on board, the mate answered that "he would have nothing to do with putting ashore on the ice". Perhaps, comments Roughead, "in view of the possible consequences...he wished, ostensibly, to have no hand in it so that he might hold himself free from innocent blood". He also considered the crew's behaviour in a similar fashion: there were 22 men who looked on and did nothing. They later claimed to both consider that the ice was far too dangerous for such young children, but also maintain they had no right to interfere with the captain's running of his ship.
825:, "was one of considerable importance", hinging as it did on the extent and breadth of a sea captain's authority on his own ship, which "might be used for good or evil". He put it to the jury that the boys were clearly compelled to leave the ship against their will; that the journey was bound to be extremely dangerous whoever made it; and that the consequences of the journey were far from being unforeseeable. Overall, he said, the ship's captain was directly responsible for all these things. The defence, however, submitted it was incredible to suggest that 22 professional sailors would stand by watching such alleged abuses take place with no one saying anything, let alone doing nothing. The defence also noted that the charges of assault were the least heinous. If anything, a number of the stowaways may have deserved a form of
331:, the weather had become bitterly cold. The stowaways had been put to work scrubbing the decks, which formed with ice; they had no shoes between them and only thin coats against the weather. A member of the crew later wrote home that the weather was so bitter that "the men could hardly stand it", let alone the stowaways. The cold weather exacerbated existing problems: since some of the boys had no shoes or other means of protecting their feet, they were unable to perform deck duty and stayed below decks. In turn, Kerr then "went with a rope's end in hand and ordered them out, and as soon as they came out gave them a walloping, and pretty often severely". Roughead notes the captain never interfered with his first mate's disciplinary measures.
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132:, the captain ordered that six of them should be put overboard and told to make their way to shore across the ice. The seventh stowaway, Peter Currie, was allowed to remain on board. For the poorly nourished boys in flimsy clothing the trek across the ice was likely to result in their deaths, especially so for the two 12-year-old boys who were forced to walk over the ice in their bare feet. In fact two of the boys, McGinness and McEwan, died on the ice; the remaining four stowaways survived because they were, by chance, spotted by a woman on the shoreline (Catherine Ann Gillis-MacInnis) and rescued by local Newfoundland men. All four were
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captain's assertion in Canada, the ship had plenty of provisions to get them all to Quebec. Captain Watt averred that, in fact, he had merely told the children that they could have fun playing on the ice. When he pointed out the houses on the shore, it was merely to suggest they could have "a fine run" there. Either way, Watt admitted he did enquire after their well-being following their departure; first mate Kerr bluntly denied ever harming Bryson, by either scrubbings or beatings. One crewmember, James Hardy, testified as to the condition of Bryson's skin after one of his beatings describing it as looking like red and white
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previously "for the purpose of giving them a fright", but had subsequently taken them back aboard. Reilly and Bryson, said the defence, decided to go out again taking the smaller children with them; for this, it was suggested, the captain could not be blamed. He believed that they would all return when they realised the dangers. At least one contemporary source reports that this line of argument was refuted by the judge himself. The defence maintained that the deaths, while tragic, could not be laid on the culpability of the captain—especially since
125:, Canada. They were dressed in thin and ragged clothing totally unsuitable for the bitterly cold North Atlantic weather encountered on the voyage; two of the boys (John Paul and Hugh McGinnes) lacked any shoes. On board ship they were lashed, beaten, starved, sometimes stripped naked or near-naked, had ice-cold sea water thrown over them, were generally ill-treated and, on occasion, handcuffed. All the stowaways were regularly beaten except Peter Currie, whose father was a friend of first mate James Kerr. James Bryson was subjected to torture.
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in doing so, with them "'greeting' all the time". He also stated that he believed they had a half biscuit each at about 8:00 am, which was the first thing they had eaten since noon the previous day. Other members of the crew praised the captain for being a "kind, quiet man, who seldom interfered with the discipline of a ship", which, they said, was in the purview of the first mate. One crew member said that he thought grown men could probably have successfully made the journey to land, "but not for boys so clad". The
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209:, but two were found and returned to port. Seven others ranging in age from 11 to 22 remained undiscovered. All from very different social backgrounds, they were: Hugh McEwan, (who had taken advantage of his mother sending him into Greenock on an errand to stowaway instead), John Paul, Hugh McGinnes, Peter Currie, James Bryson, David Jolly Brand and Bernard (or Barney) Reilly who, as an adult, lodged on his own in the town. McEwan lived with his widowed mother in
389:, on 15 May, between 8:00 am or 9:00 am. An anonymous crew member, who later wrote home from Quebec, reported "succinctly in a dozen words" that, "The stowaways got a biscuit apiece, and were ordered to go ashore". These biscuits were thrown overboard for the boys to gather up from the ice after they had been ejected. Roughead says land "was not visible to the naked eye" from the ship, but Watt "alleged he could see it by means of his spyglass".
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Scotchmen admit in themselves". The paper did, however, lambast the ability of ships' captains to get away with the mistreatment of their crews in a manner that would never be tolerated on dry land. The newspaper compared it to a mistress who struck her maid: "It is difficult for the police to protect her from popular vengeance; but a merchant officer may do anything, yet scarcely stir the sympathies of the jury".
575:, one Captain Millar, reported the riot to police, who arrived under the command of a Lieutenant Burrell. They were unable to disperse the crowd until nearly midnight. The next day, Watt and Kerr were transported to the courthouse in a taxi. It was followed by a still-angry crowd, who were "hooting, yelling and pelting the vehicle with stones". They were charged before the
1034:'s Maritime History Archive notes that Watt had "made no mention of the stowaways in his log, and if it hadn't been for the ensuing court case and the accompanying press coverage, the identities of these boys and their stories would likely not have come to light". Descendants of the stowaways eventually ended up around the world "and at least one" was found in Australia.
671:'s crew. There had been a confusion over the names of the survivors in the telegrams to and from Newfoundland, however, and it was originally reported that Hugh McGinnes had survived and was returning to Greenock. As such, his widowed mother went to the docks to meet the returning children, only to discover that it was not the case; a local paper reported how she
269:. Captain Watt has been described, before the voyage at least, as being of a "weak but not naturally ill-disposed" personality, whereas his first mate was a dominant, even "ferocious", character. They have both been described as "large, bearded men who had never raised families and had neither the inclination nor the time to provide childcare".
346:, a barrel of grain was found to have burst open, and the stowaways were accused of breaking it. They, in turn, blamed members of the crew; Donald notes that a quantity of meal was subsequently discovered in the forecastle, "for which no one could, or would, account". In any case, the stowaways were punished, put in
320:. Their sickness induced them to vomit up the valuable meat rations they had received. Kerr, hearing of this, declared that the boys would henceforth get "the ground of their stomachs before they get any more", and ordered an immediate cessation to the meat ration. Their rations were gradually reduced to
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As to the most serious charge, that of putting the boys ashore and inciting their certain deaths, defence counsel suggested that the true course of events was somewhat different to that presented by the prosecution. The captain, he said, had originally put them on the surrounding ice a couple of days
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from the glare of the ice, and those such as John Paul who had been shoeless had severely lacerated soles which took some weeks to heal. John Paul, at least, also lost fingers and toes through frostbite; he had been so badly injured that his rescuers had had to carry him up to the house. At one point
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The stowaways later related the harsh conditions they travelled in. Bryson said the first day they walked twelve hours, with the ice getting thinner the closer they got to the shore. The ice was breaking up with the warmer spring tides, and they were all subject to regular slips, falls and drenchings
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with Watt and Kerr. He testified that when the other boys had left the ship, he had heard Kerr tell other members of the crew that "he would wager any man on board ÂŁ20 that they would be back to their dinner", but Currie also described how the captain both ordered the boys to leave and assisted them
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The jury would have to determine three minor points: firstly, whether, there was any compulsion used in putting the boys on the ice, or whether they left the ship of their own free will; second, what was the amount of danger attending the journey over the ice, assuming it was compulsorily taken; and
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by the jury demonstrates this. Having been asked, "If the master or mate had been going to murder the boys, would you have interfered?" He answered, "There was a chance of their reaching the shore, and some of them did reach it". The ship's cook, meanwhile, attested to the fact that, contrary to the
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for hours at a time or scrub the decks naked. He said as a result, "I suffered very much from exposure". Bryson testified that throughout this the
Captain was a silent observer, and on occasion flogged Bryson himself. On other occasions, the boys were made to scrub each other at the direction of the
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Of the six boys, Reilly and Bryson were keen to leave at Bay St George. Reilly was eager to seek work, and Bryson felt "nothing worse could happen than he had suffered on the ship". John Paul, Hugh McEwan, David Brand and Hugh McGinnes followed, but Paul Currie did not. Apparently, he had been asked
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later trial, McGinnes asked Watt how he was meant to cope on the ice flow with bare feet. He replied that "it would be as well for him to die upon the ice as he would get no more food there". At least one crew member believed that it was unlikely "that those without shoes would ever reach the land".
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The weather was poor and visibility worse because of fog and sleet. Watt and Kerr left the ship to examine the ice field. The boys took advantage of their absence to forage for food in the hold. When Watt and Kerr returned to the ship and discovered what the children had been doing, they were beaten
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Kerr appears to have had a particular issue with James Bryson who suffered Kerr's "full fury", being repeatedly thrashed by both the captain and the first mate. He may have been singled out by them because not only the crew but also his fellow stowaways complained about his lack of cleanliness. As a
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John Donald, who wrote early enough to have been able to interview some of the stowaways' elderly contemporaries, has compared
Captain Watt's "general disposition (amply testified as being amiable) and his actual behaviour on the voyage". Even if he was to some extent influenced against his will by
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Bryson tells us that he had a topcoat, a vest, a pair of trousers, a cravat, and shoes; that Brand, Reilly, and M'Ewan were well clothed; but that while Paul had a blue coat, he was barefooted, and...M'Ginnes was not only barefooted but literally in rags, his skin showing through the rents in his
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No one actually knew with certainty how far the ship was from land; various reckonings were made which suggested a distance of between 8 and 20 miles (13 and 32 kilometres); "the mate, taking a rosier view of the boys' prospects, put it at five" (8 km). According to the boys' testimony at the
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The stowaways were the main witnesses summoned by the prosecution. First to testify was James Bryson, who told the court how, after they left
Glasgow, they remained hidden "for a day and a night", only emerging when they saw the hatches about to be nailed. From that point on, he said he was often
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that at least two of their stowaways had died on the ice. Also, on 10 June, a crew member wrote to his family in
Greenock from Quebec and described the boys' journey and the behaviour of the officers. Greenock then was a "small closely knit port town", and when the letter arrived it caused "great
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and had been making for shore. About a mile from land the ice ended. Using chunks of ice as makeshift canoes, and paddling with pieces of wood, they made their way slowly towards the shore, where they could now see the light of dwellings. They shouted for help, but it is unlikely they were heard.
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lasted 35 minutes. They found
Captain Watt not guilty on the charges of assault, but guilty of culpable homicide and putting ashore the Queen's subjects from a British vessel. On account of his previous good character, the jury made a recommendation of mercy. The first mate was already guilty of
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took advantage of the soft treatment of the two officers to indulge in some casual racism at the Scots' expense, describing it as indicative of a "callousness might, in this instance, be set down to that latent 'hardness,' diamond-heartedness, as Queen Mary called it, which is the one defect
595:, and joined the railways, while the two youngest had died. As a result of this new information, the two officers were also charged with murder. This count was subsequently dropped. As well as the charge of evicting a ship's passengers, they were also accused of assault and "barbarous usage".
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later referred to the boys' craft. This was merely a large lump of ice. Brand was picked up first, then Reilly, and lastly Bryson and Paul who were at the other side of the ice flow. Further, the paper reported that the
Newfoundlanders, "being informed that McGinnes had been left on the ice,
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on route. This, in turn, caused their thin clothes to freeze "as hard as boards" onto them. It was in the course of falling through the ice that they lost McEwan, who was the youngest and the weakest physically; he fell in most often. He had been spitting blood for some time. Bryson related:
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notes that this was not an uncommon method for a would-be sailor to obtain work experience, as, "They might not otherwise have been accepted as employable by the master". Since working-class children were sent out to work from a young age—to alleviate the costs to their families of having
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first mate. John Paul, who "was so small he had to be mounted on a stool in the witness box so he could be seen", reported how he had been unable to make himself a pair of trousers because the canvas he was trying to use was taken away. He also related how the first mate beat him with a
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described their arrival in
Greenock on Thursday, 1 October 1868, saying they were met by a "great crowd" of locals. The following day town officials began legally questioning them as to their experiences with Watt and Kerr, which, the paper suggested, dovetailed with the accounts of the
225:, and another the chance to become a sailor. Stowaways were not an uncommon phenomenon often being motivated by adventure and the chance to escape the poverty of the time. Ships were regularly searched on departure, and any stowaways found would be sent back to port on a tugboat, as the
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We urged him to come along with us, and said if he did not he knew what would become of him: he would be frozen. He appeared exhausted. No attempt was made to assist him; we had enough to do to assist ourselves...we heard his cries a long way behind us although we could not see
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Roughead suggests that Currie's father was a friend of the first mate, which could explain why he escaped the myriad punishments doled out by him and the captain. The mate's influence with the captain probably accounts for Currie not sharing his fellows' fate at Bay St George.
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The captain told them personally that there were plenty of occupied dwellings "not so far away", or there was another ship also stranded in the ice within reasonable distance to which they could make their way. In the meantime, Watt said there was insufficient food left on the
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result, he was stripped of his clothing, made to lie on the deck and repeatedly doused with buckets of icy water; Bryson may have acknowledged that he was responsible for the "mess of filth in the hold", as Donald calls it, for he says that Bryson himself blamed it on having a
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Reilly was older and much bigger than the other stowaways. Later Bryson would recall how "Big Barney", as they called Reilly, would be particularly gutted "when the biscuits were served out—the big fellow made a wry mouth as he only got the same allowance as the wee fellows".
504:, she summoned help. A boat, crewed by her husband and other local men, was dispatched to pick them up and ferry them in. The boat had to be carried over the ice before it could be launched. Making their way out into the ice flow, the men picked up the "strange voyager", as
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dated 5 December 1868, for example, described how "the barest statement of the facts is sufficient to draw tears, or rouse decent men into a fever of indignation", and, on McGinnes' death, declared, "If ever there was murder done on earth, that lad was murdered".
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down the hatches, the stowaways emerged one by one. First to come out were McEwan and Paul, who may have already been friends on land. It was too late for the ship to return to
Greenock, and Captain Watt sent the boys to the cook for a meal.
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to return to the case, has suggested that since the vessel was stocked with plenty of provisions, enough for the next four months, there was sufficient food for the stowaways, and the elder ones at least could work for their berth.
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newspaper tells of an
English woman working in Scotland, who soon after arriving was told that a colleague was "'in the back greeting'. I thought she'd lost her mind and was continually saying 'hello' and waving into thin air."
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McEwan died about midday. McGinnes was also left behind. Wearing only ragged frozen clothes, a few hours after McEwan's death, by now about 5 miles (8 kilometres) from shore, he sat down and said he could go no longer:
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900:, Australia, and built a successful engineering firm; he died in 1897. Watt and Kerr returned to the sea after finishing their sentences, although they never sailed with each other again. It appears that Watt died in
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contacted the Newfoundland police. They informed him that, to their knowledge, five children had reached the shore, four of whom were still with Catherine MacInnis. Of the others, Reilly had moved on to
441:] fell in once and I pulled him out; he fell in a second time and scrambled out himself; the third time he went down and never came up, the ice closed over him. it was hopeless to try and save him...
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The crewmembers who testified for the prosecution, "sought to minimize the cruelty with which the stowaways were treated throughout the voyage". For example, the exchange between one George Henry under
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Went down expecting to meet her son, when she received the painful information that he had died on the ice from exhaustion. Another lad, named Paul, who was believed to have perished, has returned.
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He made me take off my jacket, waistcoat, and shirt, leaving only my semmit on. The coil was about half an inch thick. The mate flogged me for about three minutes and the blows were very painful.
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624:, on the other side of the Bay but later split up to travel around Newfoundland for work. One of them, who is unknown, wrote a letter home to Greenock reporting on their rescue by the Innes of
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to look out for them and even took the duty himself; he suggested to Kerr that they send out a party to bring them back, but the first mate replied they would doubtless be back by dinnertime.
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John Donald describes Watt as "about five feet eight inches in height, with dark brown hair, his slight beard and moustache being a shade lighter in colour. His conversation was agreeable". (
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was released; she arrived in Quebec in early June 1868. At this point officers and crew learned that the story of the stowaways was by then generally known. They heard from the crew of the
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The filthier the children became sleeping below decks, the more they were beaten for being filthy. When they stole food to eat, they were then beaten for their thievery. As the ship neared
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was met by an angry crowd; the captain of the ship, Robert Watt, and his first mate, James Kerr, had to be escorted off the ship by police. Watt and Kerr were tried in November 1868 at the
324:, sometimes one each, and sometimes one between them. The ship's cook, however, occasionally supplied them with "surreptitious scraps", and they also scavenged potato and turnip peelings.
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They reported on the "very painful scene" that occurred when she found out that he had died on the ice. It had been John Paul who had been reported as lost; he had, however, survived.
136:, taking almost a week to fully recover their sight. John Paul, who had to walk on the ice in bare feet, survived the trek, but his badly lacerated feet needed almost a month to heal.
158:, Australia, where he died in 1897. James Bryson became a tram conductor in the United States. Peter Currie, the stowaway who was not put overboard, returned to Scotland on board the
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Roughead says "the rations authorised by the captain were, in the circumstances, adequate: 5 lb of beef per day, and 14 oz. of coffee, 7 oz. of tea and 5 lb of sugar per week". (
651:. They arrived on the Clyde on 1 October 1868, exactly six months since they had left. When asked what had motivated him to stow away in the first place, John Paul stated that:
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proceeded back some distance, in hopes that they might find him. But no trace could be had of him". The boys were taken to Catherine MacInnis' fisher-farmhouse to recuperate.
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led a campaign against "'cruel or unusual' punishment, like that of keeping a lad naked on deck in Arctic cold" which the paper believed was prevalent throughout the
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Watt and Kerr both returned to the sea after completing their sentences, but never sailed with each other again. David Brand founded a marine engineering company in
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stated on oath that he believed Watts to be of such a kind disposition, "especially to boys", that they would often stowaway on his ship for that very reason. The
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The reason I ran away from Greenock was for a pleasure sail. I was comfortable at home. I lived with my mother, but did not tell her I was going. I took the
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in Newfoundland, and, indeed, had been one of the first two companies ever to invest in a steamship for the purpose of breaking the ice floes there. (
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They were eventually spotted—at some distance, and in the dusk with the light behind them—by Catherine Anne Gillis MacInnis, with the aid of some old
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These charges were probably holding charges intended to justify the officers' detention while preliminary enquiries were made. In the meantime, the
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two years later. John Paul married at age 19 and had 12 children. He became a foreman in the Greenock shipyards; after his wife's death he moved to
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assault by his own plea. Both men received prison sentences. Captain Watt received 18 months, and his first mate four. For Kerr this amounted to
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had encountered ice floes a few days earlier, around the 5th or 6 May, according to a crew member's letter home. Other marooned ships were the
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in search of work, but it is unknown what motivated the younger children to come with him. At least one considered it an opportunity for a
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Specifically, Kerr swore, according to Roughead, that the first mate would "give the ground of their stomachs before they got any more". (
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John Donald suggest that this letter, although now anonymous, is a trustworthy and impartial source as to the unfolding of events on the
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and sentenced to 18 months imprisonment; Kerr, who had pleaded guilty to assault, was sentenced to four months, effectively time served.
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We all fell into crevices at various times. We got out the best way we could, each just had to scramble for himself. M'Ewan [
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Stowaways were traditionally "among the most vulnerable of sea-goers because they depended on the goodwill of the master and mate". (
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third, what were the consequences that might have reasonably been expected to ensue from a journey undertaken in such circumstances.
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The four children who had survived were unable to do anything in St George's Bay for at least a week, as they had all suffered from
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563:. A hostile reception awaited the ship, and after she moored, some local men managed to board her. The officers may have escaped a
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The charge of forcing the boys to leave the ship to their own endangerment was objected to by the defence on the grounds of being
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904:, a few years later, but Kerr continued to have a long career on the sea, eventually rising to the rank of captain himself. The
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was a mid sized, three-masted, bulk-cargo sail ship of 1,063 long tons (1,080 tonnes) owned by Ferguson and Hendry of Greenock.
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from the start, he subsequently changed his plea to being guilty of assault alone. This plea was accepted by the prosecution.
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for some time and asked the captain to change his mind. Watt replied that he "might as well die on the ice as on the ship".
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that it was impossible for them to help McGinnes—the ice was too treacherous and prevented them from trying to carry him.
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The boys were required as witnesses in Scotland, however, and so were regrouped by the Newfoundland police and taken to
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was refused. At this point it was not yet known in Scotland that two further children had died since being put ashore.
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The captain may have expressed concern for the boys after they left the ship. Donald reports that he posted a regular
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The ill-treatment of the stowaways continued as the ship sailed around the southern Newfoundland coast. On 10 May the
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stowaways has been told regularly ever since and fictionalised several times. In 1928 John Donald depicted it in his
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876:, and does not seem to have ever returned to Scotland. Peter Currie only survived the trial by two years, dying of
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837:. Indeed counsel proposed, "it would surprise no-one if both McEwan and McGinnes were to turn up alive and well".
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consternation". Facts were unclear, and rumours as to the boys' fate abounded, including that they had all died.
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in Edinburgh on 23 November. The trial was to last three days; they had already spent four months in custody.
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880:. John Paul married and had twelve children. When his wife died, he moved to the south coast of England, to
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wrote extensively about it. Over the following years the legal profession did treat it as a case study in
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with a crew of twenty-two men. The ship sailed from Greenock's Victoria Harbour on 7 April 1868 bound for
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since, by their own admission, they had stolen food both before and after their discovery on the vessel.
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When, after a little over one month at sea, their vessel became trapped in sea-ice off the west coast of
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sailed from here in April 1868 and returned here in July. This 2009 photograph shows a tugboat passing.
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849:. "The astounding lightness of the sentence" was met by the packed public gallery "with loud hisses".
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in what was described as a "remarkable contest". His company, Baine Johnstones, specialised in the
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316:. It was not long before the ship sailed into rough weather, and the younger boys were repeatedly
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A term, in Scotland, to mean not just "hello" or an act of greeting, but also crying or weeping.
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in Edinburgh, Scotland's highest criminal court. Watt was acquitted of assault, but convicted of
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Eventually, Watt and Kerr put the remaining five stowaways off the ship at Bay St. George, near
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When news of these events reached home, a national scandal resulted. On its return to port, the
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with "cruelly and maliciously compelling one or more of her Majesty's lieges to leave a ship";
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Their first night at sea the boys slept in a sail locker. They were given menial work to do as
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3394:"Descendants of an Inverclyde ship stowaway who miraculously survived ordeal mark anniversary"
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The stowaways had boarded the ship wearing only thin clothing. By the time it had entered the
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The main witness for the defence was twelve-year-old Peter Currie, who had returned on the
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s crew testified for both the defence and the prosecution. For the former, the steward and
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The captain Robert Watt, age 28, and first mate James Kerr, age 31 were brothers-in-law. (
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The same night the children were picked up in St George's Bay, the ice shifted and the
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them—stowing away was often seen as a means of working for ones' self or emigrating. (
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2785:
2739:
2734:
2720:
976:
958:
773:
764:
587:
419:
148:
3323:
2840:
2780:
988:
869:
474:
282:
3093:
3294:
948:
913:
811:
723:
358:
222:
217:
in various discrete parts of the hold. Reilly appears to have been attempting to
1049:, and a plaque commemorating the event was placed on Catherine MacInnes' grave.
3123:"Stowaways thrown off ship near N.L. remembered by descendants 150 years later"
616:
560:
524:
328:
133:
3025:"Historical society to commemorate 150-year-old lifesaving event in Highlands"
2926:
2573:
865:
Following the trial, Bryson emigrated to America with his father and became a
213:, although they originated from Greenock where the others all lived. They hid
3431:
3407:
3384:
3350:
3073:
3064:
2938:
2874:
2827:
2789:
2743:
2724:
1388:
1066:
987:
The case remained of international interest into the next year: In Australia
893:
834:
572:
493:
370:
254:
54:
2919:
2808:
1073:
in association with a local primary school, Ardgowan, in Greenock, retitled
249:. He was assisted by his brother-in-law, first mate James Kerr, aged 31, of
3159:
3002:
2757:
2715:
1331:
881:
877:
841:
756:
696:
555:
The populace of Greenock was angry and remained so until the return of the
506:
481:
452:
343:
163:
129:
3367:
308:, 1850, of a ship's crew searching for stowaways prior to leaving harbour.
3146:
Hallard, F. (1871). "On the Inequality of Sentences in Criminal Causes".
946:. There was extensive coverage in English newspapers too, including: the
846:
286:
167:
1306:
because its author would hardly have expected it ever to be published. (
892:, and remarried. He died in 1913 and was buried in an unmarked grave in
737:
appeared, while for the latter, six seamen and the cook took the stand.
241:
was captained by Captain Robert Watt (occasionally Warr), aged 28, from
1282:
1077:. In 2002, John Paul's great-grandson, Tony Paul, told the tale in his
897:
751:
636:
258:
214:
155:
2867:
Cheshire Observer and Chester, Birkenhead, Crewe and North Wales Times
2815:
2468:
1037:
An annual commemoration of the stowaways' rescue was organised by the
2945:
2618:
866:
815:
734:
373:
in southwestern Newfoundland. Other ships had been similarly caught.
362:
347:
273:
250:
242:
3377:
The Royal Cornwall Gazette, Falmouth Packet, and General Advertiser
3300:
3220:
803:
564:
321:
317:
313:
246:
218:
202:
189:, was a mid sized fishing town in the late nineteenth century. The
185:, on Scotland's west coast, about 27 miles (43 kilometres) west of
182:
114:
110:
42:
2971:"Fascinating story of 'Arran Stowaways' told in new graphic novel"
746:
sick, for which he was repeatedly "scrubbed and flogged" with the
418:
to remain on the ship and had consented. McEwan, by now, had been
3340:
2796:
2588:
2558:
1081:, and in 2015, Patrick J. Collins fictionalised the story in his
1045:
to be held on the third Sunday of May. A commemorative site with
659:
to go in because she was a good ship. I did not know the captain.
559:
on Thursday, 30 July 1868 when news spread of its arrival in the
186:
3374:
2543:
1000:
s coverage of the case. In the US even local papers such as the
769:
277:
262:
122:
3047:
2483:
1281:
Catherine MacInnis' family had emigrated to Newfoundland from
523:
The mouth of Victoria Harbour, Greenock, looking out onto the
350:
and handcuffed together for the rest of the day with no food.
272:
Once the ship had been released by the tugs well out into the
2969:
2947:"Extraordinary Sufferings of 'Stowaways' in the Artic Region"
2857:
2453:
885:
336:
266:
840:
The jury retired at 3:30 pm on 27 November 1868. Their
451:
Some of them had hardly any clothes and spat blood. M'Ewan (
3322:. Newfoundland History Series. Vol. 8. St John's, NF:
2834:
2731:
2713:"The Alleged Cruelty to Stowaway Boys on a Greenock Ship".
2603:
2528:
1065:
One hundred and fifty years later, this was rewritten as a
580:
3320:
The Ice Hunters: A History of Newfoundland Sealing to 1914
2864:
2513:
1907:
1905:
1903:
3169:
Popular Crime: Reflections on the Celebration of Violence
2422:
2420:
2418:
2416:
2391:
2389:
2356:
2354:
2315:
2293:
2291:
2289:
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2222:
2220:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2034:
2022:
2012:
2010:
2008:
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1976:
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1968:
1966:
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1962:
1922:
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1673:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1644:
437:
3343:
The Huddersfield Chronicle and West Yorkshire Advertiser
3058:
2654:
2627:
2377:
1543:
1541:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1468:
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1454:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1394:
982:
The Huddersfield Chronicle and West Yorkshire Advertiser
380:
2912:
The Stowaways and Other Sketches: True Tales of the Sea
2778:"The Case of Alleged Cruelty to Stowaways". Home news.
2753:"The Arran stowaways thrown off a ship in Newfoundland"
2644:
2642:
2237:
2235:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2134:
2132:
2130:
2098:
2096:
2063:
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1993:
1991:
1989:
1949:
1947:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1783:
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1768:
1766:
1434:
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1426:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1416:
2712:
2413:
2386:
2351:
2339:
2327:
2286:
2259:
2247:
2217:
2198:
2189:
2144:
2117:
2115:
2113:
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2084:
2003:
1959:
1917:
1880:
1820:
1793:
1753:
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1749:
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1741:
1739:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1662:
1641:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1495:
1493:
912:, off the coast of Alabama, en route from Greenock to
2777:
2498:
2437:
2435:
2303:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1608:
1606:
1538:
1351:, while the official report can be found in Couper's
201:
It appears that nine people, eight of them children,
3239:
2883:"Deadly Voyage: Stowaways and the Case of the Arran"
2865:"Cruelty to Stowaways—Six Boys left to Die on Ice".
2639:
2232:
2163:
2127:
2093:
2058:
2046:
1986:
1944:
1932:
1863:
1851:
1839:
1778:
1763:
1683:
1413:
1255:
598:
2666:
2401:
2108:
1736:
1707:
1695:
1553:
1528:
1490:
1246:This was the then one-year-old general cargo ship,
708:Captain Watt and first mate Kerr were tried at the
3192:"Riverhead Author Retells St. George's Bay Horror"
2953:. Vol. XXIII, no. 41. 11 February 1869.
2432:
1618:
1603:
1593:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1508:
2690:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1573:
704:, where Watt and Kerr were tried in November 1868
571:and defending themselves with their pistols. The
3429:
2678:
930:and a national scandal. In Scotland, apart from
818:also testified to the captain's good character.
1505:
514:
170:. Bernard Reilly found work on the railways in
3289:Roughead, W. (2014). "The Boys on the Ice or,
1570:
934:, the stowaways' stories were also covered by
487:The stowaways had given up trying to find the
3341:"The Shocking Case of Cruelty to Stowaways".
3247:. Caledonian Maritime Research Trust. 2018.
2797:"The Case of Cruelty to the Boy Stowaways".
1043:Bay St. George South Local Service District
500:and one whose house could be seen from the
3267:The BRATS: A Real Life Seafaring Adventure
1347:The trial was covered in full each day by
361:for some time, finally became stuck in an
357:, which had been fighting its way through
3214:
3092:
2914:. Perth: Milne, Tannahill & Methven.
2784:. No. 13729. London. 5 August 1868.
2309:
1484:
1290:
908:ended its life in 1886 as a shipwreck on
691:
3379:. No. 3396. Truro. 13 August 1868.
3288:
2660:
2426:
2395:
2360:
2345:
2333:
2321:
2297:
2280:
2253:
2226:
2211:
2157:
2040:
2028:
2016:
1980:
1926:
1911:
1833:
1814:
1730:
1677:
1656:
1547:
1356:
1269:
1188:
1175:
1117:
695:
518:
297:
3145:
2836:"Cruelty to Stowaways on the High Seas"
2750:
2672:
2633:
1112:
1110:
3430:
3391:
3120:
3094:"(Greting,) Greitt-, Greeting, ppl. a"
2995:
2927:"Extraordinary Cruelty to Stowaways".
2909:
2648:
2441:
2241:
2174:
2138:
2102:
2067:
2052:
1997:
1953:
1938:
1874:
1857:
1845:
1787:
1772:
1689:
1635:
1564:
1499:
1374:
1307:
1234:
1162:
1131:
1021:
896:churchyard. David Brand emigrated, to
884:, near Southampton. There he became a
772:. Although Kerr pleaded not guilty to
620:they worked at fishing and farming in
547:
16:Ill-treated Scottish stowaways of 1868
3189:
3166:
2998:"Scottish word of the week: Greeting"
2696:
2121:
1757:
1718:
1701:
924:Contemporaries considered the case a
381:Arrival and marooning in Newfoundland
285:, one of the first twentieth-century
3357:
3317:
3263:
3022:
2732:"The Alleged Cruelty to Stowaways".
2684:
2407:
1612:
1532:
1335:
1107:
1101:
229:had already done with two children.
3098:Dictionary of the Scottish Language
2930:The Leicester Chronicle and Mercury
2891:Memorial University of Newfoundland
2881:
2575:The Leicester Chronicle and Mercury
1597:
1201:
1149:
1145:Memorial University of Newfoundland
1032:Memorial University of Newfoundland
977:The Leicester Chronicle and Mercury
13:
3284:from the original on 26 June 2018.
3054:. No. 9017. 26 November 1868.
2933:. No. 1868. 5 December 1868.
2816:"Case of the Greenock Stowaways".
2719:. No. 11278. 5 October 1868.
425:
53:
26:
14:
3479:
3438:1868 crimes in the United Kingdom
3414:from the original on 26 June 2018
3345:. No. 973. 5 December 1868.
3251:from the original on 24 June 2018
3227:from the original on 25 June 2018
3202:from the original on 26 June 2018
3133:from the original on 26 June 2018
3108:from the original on 25 June 2018
3080:from the original on 26 June 2018
3035:from the original on 23 June 2018
3010:from the original on 25 June 2018
2983:from the original on 26 June 2018
2848:from the original on 26 June 2018
2765:from the original on 26 June 2018
1326:in August 1868, when he defeated
1063:The Stowaways and other Sketches.
1039:Bay St. George Historical Society
919:
872:. Reilly had already ended up in
635:where they were transported in a
599:Return of the surviving stowaways
117:, Scotland, on a cargo ship, the
2957:from the original on 6 July 2018
2897:from the original on 6 July 2018
2803:. No. 559. 15 August 1868.
1289:, nearly twenty years earlier. (
1052:
700:The High Court of Justiciary in
641:provost and member of parliament
410:to provide for them any longer.
293:
276:, but just before the carpenter
2996:Fowler, C. (9 September 2014).
2869:. No. 664. 8 August 1868.
2705:
1380:
1362:
1341:
1313:
1296:
1275:
1261:
1240:
1207:
1194:
1181:
1168:
1155:
1137:
1123:
3102:Scottish Language Dictionaries
2819:The Dundee Courier & Argus
1095:
937:The Dundee Courier & Argus
740:
1:
3215:McDermott, S. (30 May 2018).
3023:Gale, F. (23 February 2018).
2761:. No. 30 November 2016.
567:by locking themselves in the
177:
3148:The Journal of Jurisprudence
1407:
1104:gives John Paul's age as 11.
860:
515:Return and legal proceedings
196:
47:Bay St. George, Newfoundland
7:
3392:Tinney, L. (7 April 2018).
3360:Astounding tales of the sea
702:Parliament House, Edinburgh
610:James Bryson, November 1868
10:
3484:
3121:Grudić, J. (19 May 2018).
3048:"The Greenock Stowaways".
2470:Dundee Courier & Argus
779:
109:, 22, who, in April 1868,
2951:Rockwell County Messenger
2620:Rockwell County Messenger
1256:Scottish Built Ships n.d.
1003:Rockland County Messenger
232:
105:, 16) and one young man,
61:Greenock within Scotland.
23:
3270:. Woodfield Publishing.
3060:"The Greenock Stowaways"
2887:Maritime History Archive
1322:had been elected MP for
1088:
835:no bodies had been found
710:High Court of Justiciary
265:, transporting coal and
145:High Court of Justiciary
2800:Manchester Weekly Times
2560:Manchester Weekly Times
971:Manchester Weekly Times
808:Seaman's Friend Society
712:. They appeared before
2590:Huddersfield Chronicle
2545:Royal Cornwall Gazette
965:Royal Cornwall Gazette
821:"The case", noted the
789:
705:
692:Trial of Watt and Kerr
686:
661:
607:
532:
471:
464:
443:
397:
309:
302:Illustration from the
58:
31:
3463:Scottish criminal law
3453:Newfoundland (island)
3217:"The Boys on the Ice"
3190:Janes, B. K. (2015).
1047:Interpretative kiosks
784:
699:
673:
653:
603:
522:
466:
449:
433:
392:
301:
57:
30:
3358:Snow, E. R. (1966).
3245:Scottish Built Ships
3154:. Edinburgh: 62–72.
2822:. 10 November 1868.
2751:Campsie, A. (2016).
1008:sentencing disparity
990:The Brisbane Courier
874:Halifax, Nova Scotia
792:The Attorney General
639:owned by Greenock's
593:Halifax, Nova Scotia
172:Halifax, Nova Scotia
113:at Victoria Dock in
3291:The Arran Stowaways
3264:Paul, Tony (2002).
3068:. 5 December 1868.
2976:Scottish Legal News
2910:Donald, J. (1928).
2844:. 4 February 1869.
2455:Scottish Legal News
1075:The Boys on the Ice
1022:Modern significance
827:corporal punishment
305:London Evening News
211:Glasgow High Street
3399:Greenock Telegraph
3362:. London: Redman.
3303:. pp. 13–38.
3296:Nothing But Murder
3173:Simon and Schuster
3167:James, B. (2011).
3051:The Glasgow Herald
2979:. 5 January 2017.
2738:. 10 August 1868.
2485:The Glasgow Herald
1353:Justiciary Reports
1287:Scottish Highlands
1071:Magic Torch Comics
943:The Glasgow Herald
902:Pensacola, Florida
714:Lord Justice Clerk
706:
626:Cape Breton Island
533:
310:
72:Greenock stowaways
59:
32:
3458:Scottish children
3333:978-1-55081-097-4
3318:Ryan, S. (1994).
3310:978-1-59077-463-2
3182:978-1-41655-274-1
2735:Liverpool Mercury
2636:, pp. 68–69.
2530:Liverpool Mercury
2515:Cheshire Observer
2324:, pp. 28–29.
2043:, pp. 25–26.
2031:, pp. 24–25.
1733:, pp. 14–15.
1272:, p. 23 n.1)
1083:Forsaken Children
1057:The story of the
959:Liverpool Mercury
954:Cheshire Observer
888:and eventually a
823:Solicitor General
774:culpable homicide
765:cross-examination
724:innominate in law
645:Hannah and Bennie
588:procurator fiscal
420:coughing up blood
149:culpable homicide
81:, were six boys (
68:
67:
3475:
3443:1868 in Scotland
3423:
3421:
3419:
3388:
3371:
3354:
3337:
3324:Breakwater Books
3314:
3285:
3260:
3258:
3256:
3236:
3234:
3232:
3211:
3209:
3207:
3186:
3163:
3142:
3140:
3138:
3117:
3115:
3113:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3055:
3044:
3042:
3040:
3029:The Western Star
3019:
3017:
3015:
2992:
2990:
2988:
2966:
2964:
2962:
2942:
2923:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2878:
2861:
2855:
2853:
2841:Brisbane Courier
2831:
2812:
2793:
2774:
2772:
2770:
2747:
2728:
2700:
2694:
2688:
2682:
2676:
2670:
2664:
2658:
2652:
2646:
2637:
2631:
2625:
2622:11 February 1869
2616:
2610:
2605:Brisbane Courier
2601:
2595:
2586:
2580:
2571:
2565:
2556:
2550:
2541:
2535:
2526:
2520:
2511:
2505:
2496:
2490:
2487:26 November 1868
2481:
2475:
2472:10 November 1868
2466:
2460:
2451:
2445:
2439:
2430:
2424:
2411:
2405:
2399:
2393:
2384:
2375:
2364:
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2349:
2343:
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2331:
2325:
2319:
2313:
2307:
2301:
2295:
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2278:
2257:
2251:
2245:
2239:
2230:
2224:
2215:
2209:
2196:
2187:
2178:
2172:
2161:
2155:
2142:
2136:
2125:
2119:
2106:
2100:
2091:
2082:
2071:
2065:
2056:
2050:
2044:
2038:
2032:
2026:
2020:
2014:
2001:
1995:
1984:
1978:
1957:
1951:
1942:
1936:
1930:
1924:
1915:
1909:
1878:
1872:
1861:
1855:
1849:
1843:
1837:
1831:
1818:
1812:
1791:
1785:
1776:
1770:
1761:
1755:
1734:
1728:
1722:
1716:
1705:
1699:
1693:
1687:
1681:
1675:
1660:
1654:
1639:
1633:
1616:
1610:
1601:
1595:
1568:
1562:
1551:
1545:
1536:
1530:
1503:
1497:
1488:
1482:
1401:
1400:, pp. 9–10)
1384:
1378:
1366:
1360:
1345:
1339:
1317:
1311:
1300:
1294:
1279:
1273:
1265:
1259:
1244:
1238:
1211:
1205:
1198:
1192:
1185:
1179:
1172:
1166:
1159:
1153:
1141:
1135:
1127:
1121:
1114:
1105:
1099:
1016:merchant service
999:
793:
732:
684:
683:, 5 October 1868
611:
496:. A resident of
461:
401:
367:St. George's Bay
283:William Roughead
62:
50:
40:
21:
20:
3483:
3482:
3478:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3473:
3472:
3428:
3427:
3426:
3417:
3415:
3334:
3311:
3278:
3277:978-190395326-6
3254:
3252:
3230:
3228:
3205:
3203:
3183:
3136:
3134:
3111:
3109:
3083:
3081:
3038:
3036:
3013:
3011:
2986:
2984:
2960:
2958:
2900:
2898:
2851:
2849:
2768:
2766:
2708:
2703:
2695:
2691:
2683:
2679:
2671:
2667:
2663:, p. 2324.
2659:
2655:
2647:
2640:
2632:
2628:
2617:
2613:
2607:4 February 1869
2602:
2598:
2592:5 December 1868
2587:
2583:
2577:5 December 1868
2572:
2568:
2557:
2553:
2542:
2538:
2527:
2523:
2512:
2508:
2497:
2493:
2482:
2478:
2467:
2463:
2452:
2448:
2440:
2433:
2425:
2414:
2406:
2402:
2394:
2387:
2381:5 December 1868
2376:
2367:
2359:
2352:
2344:
2340:
2332:
2328:
2320:
2316:
2308:
2304:
2296:
2287:
2279:
2260:
2252:
2248:
2240:
2233:
2225:
2218:
2210:
2199:
2195:, pp. 4–5.
2188:
2181:
2173:
2164:
2156:
2145:
2137:
2128:
2120:
2109:
2101:
2094:
2083:
2074:
2066:
2059:
2051:
2047:
2039:
2035:
2027:
2023:
2015:
2004:
1996:
1987:
1979:
1960:
1952:
1945:
1937:
1933:
1925:
1918:
1910:
1881:
1873:
1864:
1856:
1852:
1844:
1840:
1832:
1821:
1813:
1794:
1786:
1779:
1771:
1764:
1756:
1737:
1729:
1725:
1717:
1708:
1700:
1696:
1688:
1684:
1676:
1663:
1655:
1642:
1634:
1619:
1611:
1604:
1596:
1571:
1563:
1554:
1546:
1539:
1531:
1506:
1498:
1491:
1483:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1404:
1398:5 December 1868
1385:
1381:
1367:
1363:
1346:
1342:
1318:
1314:
1301:
1297:
1280:
1276:
1266:
1262:
1245:
1241:
1212:
1208:
1199:
1195:
1186:
1182:
1173:
1169:
1160:
1156:
1142:
1138:
1128:
1124:
1115:
1108:
1100:
1096:
1091:
1055:
1024:
997:
993:reproduced the
949:London Standard
940:and especially
922:
914:Mobile, Alabama
863:
812:parish minister
795:
791:
782:
743:
730:
694:
685:
679:
613:
609:
601:
569:captain's cabin
553:
517:
465:
459:
428:
426:Journey to land
403:
399:
383:
337:bowel complaint
296:
235:
223:pleasure cruise
199:
180:
64:
63:
60:
51:
38:
33:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3481:
3471:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3425:
3424:
3389:
3372:
3355:
3338:
3332:
3315:
3309:
3286:
3276:
3261:
3237:
3212:
3196:Burton K Janes
3187:
3181:
3164:
3143:
3118:
3090:
3056:
3045:
3020:
2993:
2967:
2943:
2924:
2907:
2879:
2862:
2832:
2813:
2794:
2775:
2748:
2729:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2689:
2677:
2665:
2653:
2638:
2626:
2611:
2596:
2581:
2566:
2562:15 August 1868
2551:
2547:13 August 1868
2536:
2532:10 August 1868
2521:
2506:
2491:
2476:
2461:
2457:5 January 2017
2446:
2431:
2412:
2410:, p. 180.
2400:
2385:
2365:
2350:
2338:
2326:
2314:
2302:
2285:
2258:
2246:
2231:
2216:
2197:
2193:5 October 1868
2179:
2162:
2143:
2126:
2107:
2092:
2088:5 October 1868
2072:
2057:
2045:
2033:
2021:
2002:
1985:
1958:
1943:
1931:
1916:
1879:
1862:
1850:
1838:
1819:
1792:
1777:
1762:
1735:
1723:
1706:
1694:
1682:
1661:
1640:
1617:
1615:, p. 169.
1602:
1569:
1552:
1537:
1504:
1489:
1485:McDermott 2018
1411:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1379:
1361:
1340:
1338:, p. 145)
1328:W. D. Christie
1312:
1295:
1291:McDermott 2018
1274:
1260:
1252:Stobcross Yard
1239:
1206:
1193:
1180:
1167:
1154:
1136:
1122:
1106:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1054:
1051:
1023:
1020:
921:
920:Media coverage
918:
862:
859:
783:
781:
778:
742:
739:
693:
690:
677:
617:snow blindness
602:
600:
597:
552:
548:Return of the
546:
516:
513:
448:
427:
424:
391:
382:
379:
329:North Atlantic
295:
292:
287:criminologists
234:
231:
198:
195:
179:
176:
162:, and died of
107:Bernard Reilly
66:
65:
52:
45:, Scotland to
41:s voyage from
25:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3480:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3386:
3382:
3378:
3375:"Stowaways".
3373:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3356:
3352:
3348:
3344:
3339:
3335:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3316:
3312:
3306:
3302:
3298:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3273:
3269:
3268:
3262:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3213:
3201:
3197:
3193:
3188:
3184:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3165:
3161:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3144:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3119:
3107:
3103:
3099:
3095:
3091:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3066:
3065:The Spectator
3061:
3057:
3053:
3052:
3046:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3021:
3009:
3005:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2982:
2978:
2977:
2972:
2968:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2936:
2932:
2931:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2908:
2896:
2892:
2888:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2872:
2868:
2863:
2859:
2847:
2843:
2842:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2820:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2801:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2782:
2776:
2764:
2760:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2736:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2717:
2711:
2710:
2698:
2693:
2686:
2681:
2674:
2669:
2662:
2661:Roughead 2014
2657:
2651:, p. 60.
2650:
2645:
2643:
2635:
2630:
2623:
2621:
2615:
2608:
2606:
2600:
2593:
2591:
2585:
2578:
2576:
2570:
2563:
2561:
2555:
2548:
2546:
2540:
2533:
2531:
2525:
2518:
2517:8 August 1868
2516:
2510:
2503:
2502:5 August 1868
2501:
2495:
2488:
2486:
2480:
2473:
2471:
2465:
2458:
2456:
2450:
2443:
2438:
2436:
2429:, p. 35.
2428:
2427:Roughead 2014
2423:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2409:
2404:
2398:, p. 33.
2397:
2396:Roughead 2014
2392:
2390:
2383:, p. 10.
2382:
2380:
2379:The Spectator
2374:
2372:
2370:
2363:, p. 31.
2362:
2361:Roughead 2014
2357:
2355:
2348:, p. 30.
2347:
2346:Roughead 2014
2342:
2336:, p. 29.
2335:
2334:Roughead 2014
2330:
2323:
2322:Roughead 2014
2318:
2311:
2310:DSL: Greeting
2306:
2300:, p. 28.
2299:
2298:Roughead 2014
2294:
2292:
2290:
2283:, p. 27.
2282:
2281:Roughead 2014
2277:
2275:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2256:, p. 21.
2255:
2254:Roughead 2014
2250:
2244:, p. 76.
2243:
2238:
2236:
2229:, p. 34.
2228:
2227:Roughead 2014
2223:
2221:
2214:, p. 19.
2213:
2212:Roughead 2014
2208:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2194:
2192:
2186:
2184:
2177:, p. 74.
2176:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2160:, p. 18.
2159:
2158:Roughead 2014
2154:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2141:, p. 72.
2140:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2124:, p. 35.
2123:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2105:, p. 71.
2104:
2099:
2097:
2089:
2087:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2070:, p. 69.
2069:
2064:
2062:
2055:, p. 66.
2054:
2049:
2042:
2041:Roughead 2014
2037:
2030:
2029:Roughead 2014
2025:
2019:, p. 25.
2018:
2017:Roughead 2014
2013:
2011:
2009:
2007:
2000:, p. 70.
1999:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1983:, p. 24.
1982:
1981:Roughead 2014
1977:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1956:, p. 64.
1955:
1950:
1948:
1941:, p. 65.
1940:
1935:
1929:, p. 23.
1928:
1927:Roughead 2014
1923:
1921:
1914:, p. 17.
1913:
1912:Roughead 2014
1908:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1877:, p. 58.
1876:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1860:, p. 57.
1859:
1854:
1848:, p. 56.
1847:
1842:
1836:, p. 22.
1835:
1834:Roughead 2014
1830:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1817:, p. 16.
1816:
1815:Roughead 2014
1811:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1801:
1799:
1797:
1790:, p. 54.
1789:
1784:
1782:
1775:, p. 52.
1774:
1769:
1767:
1760:, p. 34.
1759:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1732:
1731:Roughead 2014
1727:
1721:, p. 51.
1720:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1704:, p. 33.
1703:
1698:
1692:, p. 53.
1691:
1686:
1680:, p. 26.
1679:
1678:Roughead 2014
1674:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1659:, p. 15.
1658:
1657:Roughead 2014
1653:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1637:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1614:
1609:
1607:
1599:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1567:, p. 51.
1566:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1550:, p. 14.
1549:
1548:Roughead 2014
1544:
1542:
1534:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1502:, p. 62.
1501:
1496:
1494:
1486:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1412:
1399:
1397:
1396:The Spectator
1391:
1390:
1389:The Spectator
1383:
1376:
1371:
1365:
1359:, p. 19)
1358:
1357:Roughead 2014
1355:I, 123-168. (
1354:
1350:
1344:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1316:
1310:, p. 55)
1309:
1305:
1299:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1278:
1271:
1270:Roughead 2014
1264:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1243:
1237:, p. 58)
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1210:
1203:
1197:
1191:, p. 15)
1190:
1189:Roughead 2014
1184:
1178:, p. 15)
1177:
1176:Roughead 2014
1171:
1165:, p. 52)
1164:
1158:
1151:
1146:
1140:
1134:, p. 75)
1133:
1126:
1120:, p. 14)
1119:
1118:Roughead 2014
1113:
1111:
1103:
1098:
1094:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1067:graphic novel
1064:
1060:
1053:In literature
1050:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1035:
1033:
1028:
1019:
1017:
1013:
1012:The Spectator
1009:
1005:
1004:
996:
992:
991:
985:
983:
979:
978:
973:
972:
967:
966:
961:
960:
955:
951:
950:
945:
944:
939:
938:
933:
929:
928:
927:cause célèbre
917:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
894:St Mary Extra
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
868:
858:
855:
854:The Spectator
850:
848:
843:
842:deliberations
838:
836:
830:
828:
824:
819:
817:
813:
809:
806:of the local
805:
800:
794:
788:
777:
775:
771:
766:
760:
758:
753:
749:
738:
736:
729:
725:
720:
718:
717:George Patton
715:
711:
703:
698:
689:
682:
676:
672:
670:
665:
660:
658:
652:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
629:
627:
623:
618:
612:
606:
596:
594:
589:
584:
582:
578:
574:
573:harbourmaster
570:
566:
562:
558:
551:
545:
542:
538:
530:
526:
521:
512:
509:
508:
503:
499:
495:
494:opera glasses
490:
485:
483:
478:
476:
470:
463:
458:
454:
447:
442:
440:
439:
432:
423:
421:
415:
411:
409:
402:
396:
390:
388:
378:
374:
372:
371:Cape Anguille
368:
364:
360:
356:
351:
349:
345:
340:
338:
332:
330:
325:
323:
319:
315:
307:
306:
300:
294:Ill treatment
291:
288:
284:
279:
275:
270:
268:
264:
260:
256:
255:Isle of Arran
252:
248:
244:
240:
230:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
194:
192:
188:
184:
175:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
152:
150:
146:
142:
137:
135:
131:
126:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
95:Hugh McGinnes
92:
88:
84:
80:
78:
73:
56:
48:
44:
37:
29:
22:
19:
3416:. Retrieved
3397:
3376:
3359:
3342:
3319:
3299:. Plymouth:
3295:
3290:
3266:
3253:. Retrieved
3244:
3229:. Retrieved
3204:. Retrieved
3195:
3171:. New York:
3168:
3151:
3147:
3135:. Retrieved
3110:. Retrieved
3097:
3082:. Retrieved
3063:
3049:
3037:. Retrieved
3028:
3012:. Retrieved
3003:The Scotsman
3001:
2985:. Retrieved
2974:
2959:. Retrieved
2950:
2928:
2911:
2899:. Retrieved
2886:
2866:
2856:– via
2850:. Retrieved
2839:
2817:
2798:
2781:The Standard
2779:
2767:. Retrieved
2758:The Scotsman
2756:
2733:
2716:The Scotsman
2714:
2706:Bibliography
2692:
2680:
2673:Campsie 2016
2668:
2656:
2634:Hallard 1871
2629:
2624:, p. 1.
2619:
2614:
2609:, p. 3.
2604:
2599:
2594:, p. 2.
2589:
2584:
2579:, p. 7.
2574:
2569:
2564:, p. 7.
2559:
2554:
2549:, p. 2.
2544:
2539:
2534:, p. 5.
2529:
2524:
2519:, p. 4.
2514:
2509:
2504:, p. 6.
2500:The Standard
2499:
2494:
2489:, p. 7.
2484:
2479:
2474:, p. 2.
2469:
2464:
2454:
2449:
2403:
2378:
2341:
2329:
2317:
2305:
2249:
2191:The Scotsman
2190:
2090:, p. 5.
2086:The Scotsman
2085:
2048:
2036:
2024:
1934:
1853:
1841:
1726:
1697:
1685:
1395:
1387:
1382:
1370:The Scotsman
1369:
1364:
1352:
1349:The Scotsman
1348:
1343:
1320:James Grieve
1315:
1303:
1298:
1277:
1263:
1254:, Glasgow. (
1247:
1242:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1209:
1196:
1183:
1170:
1157:
1139:
1125:
1097:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1062:
1058:
1056:
1036:
1029:
1025:
1011:
1002:
994:
989:
986:
981:
975:
969:
963:
957:
953:
947:
941:
935:
932:The Scotsman
931:
925:
923:
905:
864:
853:
851:
839:
831:
820:
798:
796:
790:
785:
761:
757:belaying pin
744:
727:
721:
707:
687:
681:The Scotsman
680:
674:
668:
664:The Scotsman
663:
662:
656:
654:
649:The Scotsman
648:
644:
630:
614:
608:
604:
585:
556:
554:
549:
540:
536:
534:
528:
507:The Scotsman
505:
501:
488:
486:
479:
473:David Brand
472:
467:
456:
450:
444:
436:
434:
429:
416:
412:
407:
404:
398:
393:
384:
375:
354:
352:
344:Newfoundland
341:
333:
326:
322:sea biscuits
311:
303:
271:
238:
236:
226:
206:
200:
190:
181:
159:
153:
140:
138:
134:snow-blinded
130:Newfoundland
127:
121:, bound for
118:
106:
103:James Bryson
102:
98:
94:
91:Peter Currie
90:
86:
82:
76:
75:
71:
69:
35:
18:
2649:Donald 1928
2442:Tinney 2018
2242:Donald 1928
2175:Donald 1928
2139:Donald 1928
2103:Donald 1928
2068:Donald 1928
2053:Donald 1928
1998:Donald 1928
1954:Donald 1928
1939:Donald 1928
1875:Donald 1928
1858:Donald 1928
1846:Donald 1928
1788:Donald 1928
1773:Donald 1928
1690:Donald 1928
1636:Grudić 2018
1565:Donald 1928
1500:Donald 1928
1386:In London,
1375:Fowler 2014
1308:Donald 1928
1235:Donald 1928
1163:Donald 1928
1132:Donald 1928
910:Sand Island
878:consumption
852:In London,
847:time served
741:Prosecution
643:called the
622:Sandy Point
400:John Donald
203:stowed away
168:Southampton
164:consumption
111:stowed away
99:David Brand
83:Hugh McEwan
3432:Categories
2697:Janes 2015
2122:James 2011
1758:James 2011
1719:James 2011
1702:James 2011
1332:seal trade
1283:Loch Morar
1227:Forganhill
1223:Ardmillian
898:Townsville
814:of nearby
752:forecastle
637:brigantine
633:St. John's
462:manifest.
395:garments.
259:first mate
215:belowdecks
178:Background
156:Queensland
3468:Stowaways
3408:500151140
3385:690035048
3351:688641757
3074:191225423
2939:688656098
2875:686765975
2828:720042606
2790:875133129
2744:785645858
2725:535280797
2685:Paul 2002
2408:Snow 1966
1613:Snow 1966
1533:Gale 2018
1408:Citations
1336:Ryan 1994
1285:, in the
1102:Gale 2018
1079:The Brats
870:conductor
867:streetcar
861:Aftermath
816:Ardrossan
748:lead line
735:boatswain
498:Highlands
387:Highlands
363:ice field
359:ice packs
348:leg irons
314:deckhands
274:Irish Sea
253:, on the
251:Lochranza
243:Saltcoats
197:Stowaways
87:John Paul
79:stowaways
3448:Greenock
3412:Archived
3301:M. Evans
3282:Archived
3249:Archived
3241:"MYRTLE"
3225:Archived
3221:BBC News
3200:Archived
3131:Archived
3106:Archived
3104:. 2018.
3078:Archived
3033:Archived
3008:Archived
2981:Archived
2955:Archived
2920:24945841
2895:Archived
2893:. 2011.
2846:Archived
2809:22950697
2763:Archived
1598:MHA 2011
1324:Greenock
1229:and the
1219:Chippewa
1202:MHA 2011
1150:MHA 2011
1041:and the
995:Scotsman
804:chaplain
678:—
565:lynching
318:sea sick
278:battened
247:Ayrshire
219:emigrate
183:Greenock
115:Greenock
43:Greenock
3418:26 June
3255:24 June
3231:25 June
3206:26 June
3160:1697066
3137:26 June
3112:25 June
3084:26 June
3039:23 June
3014:25 June
2987:26 June
2901:26 June
2852:26 June
2769:26 June
890:foreman
886:riveter
780:Defence
577:Sheriff
475:deposed
377:again.
205:on the
187:Glasgow
3406:
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3368:460953
3366:
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2961:6 July
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1248:Myrtle
1231:Myrtle
980:, and
952:, the
882:Itchen
770:tartan
541:Myrtle
527:. The
489:Myrtle
469:him...
263:Quebec
233:Voyage
123:Quebec
101:, 16;
97:, 12;
93:, 12;
89:, 12;
85:, 11;
2858:Trove
1304:Arran
1250:from
1215:Arran
1089:Notes
1059:Arran
998:'
906:Arran
799:Arran
731:'
728:Arran
669:Arran
657:Arran
561:Clyde
557:Arran
550:Arran
537:Arran
529:Arran
525:Clyde
502:Arran
482:watch
460:'
457:Arran
408:Arran
369:, at
365:near
355:Arran
267:oakum
239:Arran
227:Arran
207:Arran
191:Arran
160:Arran
141:Arran
119:Arran
77:Arran
74:, or
39:'
36:Arran
3420:2018
3404:OCLC
3381:OCLC
3364:OCLC
3347:OCLC
3328:ISBN
3305:ISBN
3272:ISBN
3257:2018
3233:2018
3208:2018
3177:ISBN
3156:OCLC
3139:2018
3114:2018
3086:2018
3070:OCLC
3041:2018
3016:2018
2989:2018
2963:2018
2935:OCLC
2916:OCLC
2903:2018
2871:OCLC
2854:2018
2824:OCLC
2805:OCLC
2786:OCLC
2771:2018
2740:OCLC
2721:OCLC
1213:The
1143:The
1030:The
581:bail
237:The
70:The
34:The
3293:".
3127:CBC
1233:. (
1069:by
453:sic
438:sic
257:as
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