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207:, unaware of its existence, asked Thompson to write such a program. Responding that he would think about such a utility overnight, Thompson actually corrected bugs and made improvements for about an hour on his own program called
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editing, so
Thompson excerpted that regexp code into a standalone tool which would instead process arbitrarily long files sequentially without buffering too much into memory. He chose the name because in ed, the command
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211:(short for "search"). The next day he presented the program to McIlroy, who said it was exactly what he wanted. Thompson's account may explain the belief that grep was written overnight.
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336:, while commonly deployed on POSIX systems, to the point the POSIX specification mentions their widespread existence, are actually not part of POSIX.
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A common verb usage is the phrase "You can't grep dead trees"—meaning one can more easily search through digital media, using tools such as
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This example generates a list of matches with the closest, that is those with the fewest, substitutions listed first. The command flag
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Other commands contain the word "grep" to indicate they are search tools, typically ones that rely on regular expression matches. The
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support but could not be used to search through such a large amount of text, as it loaded the entire file into memory to enable
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implementations are available in many operating systems and software development environments. Early variants included
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is the name of the built-in function that finds elements in a list that satisfy a certain property. This
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687:“grep was a private command of mine for quite a while before i made it public.” -Ken Thompson
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utility, for instance, displays the processes whose names match a given regular expression.
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QGREP.EXE A similar tool to grep in UNIX, this tool can be used to search for a text string
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A Research Unix reader: annotated excerpts from the
Programmer's Manual, 1971–1986
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Netizens: On the
History and Impact of Usenet and the Internet (Perspectives)
599:, a DOS and Windows command that performs text searches, similar to a simple
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320:. Binaries of these variants exist in modern systems, usually linking to
175:(global regular expression search and print), which has the same effect.
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or calling grep as a shell script with the appropriate flag added, e.g.
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1289:"InDesign: GREP Styles (1) Setting text between parentheses in Italic"
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syntax. Similar functionality can be invoked in the GNU version of
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1421:, pages 237–245, Buntingford, UK, 1988. European UNIX User Group.
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1152:. Network professional's library. Osborne/McGraw-Hill. pp.
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utility for searching plaintext datasets for lines that match a
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dialog box "GREP" tab, and introduced with InDesign CS4 in
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would print all lines featuring a specified pattern match.
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Before it was named, grep was a private utility written by
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VCF East 2019 -- Brian
Kernighan interviews Ken Thompson
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Survey of Global
Regular Expression Print (GREP) Tools
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has functions GREP (since CS3 version (2007)), in the
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to determine authorship of the individual papers. The
183:
operating system, but later became available for all
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308:'s original regular expression implementation. The "
1187:"MSX-DOS2 Tools User's Manual by ASCII Corporation"
498:(approximate grep) matches even when the text only
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904:
655:
2606:
1498:- implementation details from GNU grep's author.
415:. Some versions of Windows feature the similar
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1394:
1338:S. Lee Henry (June 1998). "Proper Searching".
1234:"Review: Adobe InDesign CS3 - CreativePro.com"
260:prototypical software tool", McIlroy credited
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1522:
1205:"IBM System i Version 7.2 Programming Qshell"
747:
1419:Proceedings of the EUUG Spring 88 Conference
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920:Hume, Andrew (1988). "A Tale of Two Greps".
649:
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1415:Grep wars: The strategic search initiative.
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887:(Technical report). CSTR. Bell Labs. 139.
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909:(Technical report). Dalhousie University.
905:Abou-Assaleh, Tony; Wei Ai (March 2004).
870:
868:
653:
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264:with "irrevocably ingraining" Thompson's
256:. Stating that it is "generally cited as
16:Unix command line utility for text search
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589:, an approximate string-matching command
545:added "grep" as both a noun and a verb.
312:" variant searches for any of a list of
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874:
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459:commands have also been ported to the
318:Aho–Corasick string matching algorithm
203:to search files for certain patterns.
2182:
1510:
1432:. Wiley-IEEE Computer Society Press.
1125:from the original on 10 December 2015
1095:from the original on 23 December 2015
1035:from the original on 22 December 2015
1005:from the original on 28 November 2015
1502:Command Grep – 25 practical examples
1065:from the original on 7 December 2015
919:
574:Free and open-source software portal
214:Thompson wrote the first version in
2635:Inferno (operating system) commands
1244:from the original on 5 January 2018
714:
582:Boyer–Moore string-search algorithm
13:
750:The OS-9 Guru - 1 : The Facts
533:
271:
14:
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1448:
975:from the original on 4 March 2016
961:. Elsevier Science. p. 278.
922:Software: Practice and Experience
179:was originally developed for the
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2138:
894:from the original on 2017-11-11.
782:from the original on 2021-12-11.
658:The Unix Programming Environment
566:
505:This following invocation finds
377:command is an implementation of
235:(also authored by Thompson) had
187:systems and some others such as
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1320:from the original on 2016-08-28
1306:
1295:from the original on 2017-09-24
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1270:from the original on 2016-08-28
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955:Meurant, Gerard (12 Sep 1990).
898:
752:. Galactic Industrial Limited.
2615:Unix text processing utilities
1395:Alain Magloire (August 2000).
1354:"New words list December 2003"
835:
805:
787:
778:(video). YouTube. 6 May 2019.
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411:, for example) also run under
1:
1475:Programmer's Manual, Volume 1
1397:Grep: Searching for a Pattern
636:
1428:; et al. (April 1997).
1417:In Peter Collinson, editor,
1314:"InDesign Help: GREP styles"
1264:"InDesign Help: find/change"
7:
1148:Windows 2000 administration
1091:. University of Cambridge.
559:
298:extended regular expression
70:; 50 years ago
10:
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662:. Prentice Hall. pp.
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167:. Its name comes from the
59:AT&T Bell Laboratories
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1455:GNU Grep official website
1381:, article "Documentation"
1358:Oxford English Dictionary
1144:Spalding, George (2000).
958:Algorithms and Complexity
705:Hauben et al. 1997, Ch. 9
654:Kernighan, Brian (1984).
541:Oxford English Dictionary
530:agrep -B netmasks myfile
516:agrep -2 netmasks myfile
502:fits the search pattern.
140:
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92:
82:
64:
52:
40:
24:
481:
432:command is also part of
843:"How Grep Got its Name"
383:Perl regular expression
2625:Standard Unix programs
2620:Unix SUS2008 utilities
2213:command-line interface
2154:Unix SUS2008 utilities
2149:Standard Unix programs
1541:command-line interface
1496:"why GNU grep is fast"
999:www.pubs.opengroup.org
934:10.1002/spe.4380181105
748:Paul S. Dayan (1992).
538:In December 2003, the
352:programming language,
296:" variant supports an
252:was first included in
2640:IBM i Qshell commands
847:robots.thoughtbot.com
615:List of Unix commands
358:higher-order function
228:The Federalist Papers
2511:Software development
2042:Software development
1059:www.perldoc.perl.org
796:Where GREP Came From
370:in other languages.
225:analyze the text of
1085:"pcregrep man page"
360:is typically named
21:
1001:. The Open Group.
823:on 20 October 2017
692:2015-05-26 at the
632:, the network grep
463:operating system.
326:exec grep -E "$ @"
316:strings using the
237:regular expression
165:regular expression
68:November 1973
42:Original author(s)
19:
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2175:
1489:General commands
1439:978-0-8186-7706-9
1399:. Iuniverse Inc.
1342:. pp. 35–26.
1240:. 20 April 2007.
1163:978-0-07-882582-8
1119:www.linux.die.net
1029:www.linux.die.net
799:, interview with
413:Microsoft Windows
219:assembly language
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853:on 9 August 2017
849:. Archived from
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819:. Archived from
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726:. Archived from
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476:paragraph styles
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94:Operating system
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1460:GNU Grep manual
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793:Computerphile,
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1426:Michael Hauben
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876:McIlroy, M. D.
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593:find (Windows)
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486:Main article:
483:
480:
468:Adobe InDesign
438:MSX-DOS2 Tools
290:Version 7 Unix
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223:Lee E. McMahon
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1097:. Retrieved
1089:www.pcre.org
1088:
1079:
1067:. Retrieved
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855:. Retrieved
851:the original
846:
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821:the original
816:
813:"ed regexes"
807:
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728:the original
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205:Doug McIlroy
201:Ken Thompson
198:
161:command-line
154:
153:
54:Developer(s)
47:Ken Thompson
2475:ip/ipconfig
2224:File system
1552:File system
1378:Jargon File
1129:12 December
1099:12 December
1069:12 December
1039:12 December
1009:12 December
979:12 December
724:Jargon File
606:find (Unix)
472:find/change
444:version 2.
31:Example of
2609:Categories
2467:Networking
2144:Categories
1363:2021-12-06
1340:Sun Expert
1324:2016-08-12
1299:2018-01-05
1274:2016-08-12
1219:2020-09-05
1169:2010-12-10
1025:"pgrep(1)"
734:2006-06-29
637:References
554:dysphemism
381:that uses
302:Alfred Aho
83:Written in
2494:Searching
2310:Processes
2004:Searching
1693:Processes
1115:"grep(1)"
784:(35 mins)
425:command.
389:with the
268:in Unix.
185:Unix-like
103:Unix-like
2594:Category
2364:basename
1812:basename
1318:Archived
1293:Archived
1268:Archived
1248:24 April
1242:Archived
1123:Archived
1093:Archived
1063:Archived
1033:Archived
1003:Archived
973:Archived
889:Archived
878:(1987).
857:24 April
827:24 April
780:Archived
690:Archived
560:See also
509:in file
507:netmasks
409:GnuWin32
403:(within
375:pcregrep
221:to help
171:command
130:Platform
2570:fortune
2485:netstat
2480:ip/ping
2409:strings
1917:strings
1837:dirname
1761:logname
1710:crontab
1487:Inferno
1481:grep(1)
1467:grep(1)
942:6395770
597:Findstr
442:MSX-DOS
422:findstr
348:In the
292:. The "
195:History
147:Command
119:MSX-DOS
111:Inferno
75:1973-11
73: (
35:command
2592:
2338:passwd
2210:Plan 9
1897:printf
1822:csplit
1564:chattr
1491:Manual
1473:Plan 9
1436:
1403:
1160:
1055:"grep"
995:"grep"
965:
940:
756:
720:"grep"
670:
543:Online
523:means
511:myfile
455:, and
405:Cygwin
393:flag.
363:filter
304:after
246:g/re/p
216:PDP-11
173:g/re/p
107:Plan 9
2575:sleep
2539:strip
2424:troff
2404:spell
2301:touch
2291:split
2276:mkdir
2236:chgrp
2231:chmod
2121:sleep
2075:strip
2055:ctags
1990:unset
1970:alias
1952:xargs
1932:troff
1892:patch
1887:paste
1862:iconv
1791:write
1781:uname
1684:umask
1674:touch
1664:split
1659:rmdir
1634:mkdir
1619:fuser
1584:cksum
1579:chgrp
1574:chown
1569:chmod
1388:Notes
1208:(PDF)
938:S2CID
892:(PDF)
885:(PDF)
630:ngrep
620:vgrep
587:agrep
488:agrep
482:agrep
461:IBM i
457:fgrep
453:egrep
434:ASCII
417:qgrep
397:Ports
368:where
342:pgrep
334:fgrep
330:egrep
314:fixed
310:fgrep
294:egrep
286:fgrep
282:egrep
159:is a
123:IBM i
2544:yacc
2501:grep
2457:test
2452:echo
2429:uniq
2414:tail
2399:sort
2389:join
2374:diff
2369:comm
2317:kill
2266:gzip
2261:file
2167:List
2106:expr
2080:yacc
2065:make
2016:grep
2011:find
1995:wait
1985:test
1980:echo
1937:uniq
1922:tail
1912:sort
1902:read
1877:more
1867:join
1857:head
1852:fold
1832:diff
1817:comm
1776:tput
1771:talk
1766:mesg
1756:exit
1735:time
1725:nice
1720:kill
1679:type
1614:file
1538:Unix
1434:ISBN
1401:ISBN
1250:2018
1158:ISBN
1131:2015
1101:2015
1071:2015
1041:2015
1011:2015
981:2015
963:ISBN
859:2018
829:2018
754:ISBN
668:ISBN
624:grep
610:grep
601:grep
550:grep
525:best
496:grep
449:grep
447:The
440:for
430:grep
407:and
401:grep
387:grep
379:grep
373:The
354:grep
350:Perl
332:and
322:grep
284:and
278:grep
262:grep
250:grep
189:OS-9
181:Unix
177:grep
156:grep
142:Type
115:OS-9
99:Unix
33:grep
20:grep
2565:cal
2529:lex
2524:hoc
2394:sed
2384:eqn
2359:awk
2343:who
2296:tee
2281:pwd
2241:cmp
2101:cal
2060:lex
2032:man
1907:sed
1827:cut
1807:awk
1786:who
1751:env
1669:tee
1649:pwd
1644:pax
1589:cmp
1559:cat
1213:IBM
1201:IBM
1154:634
930:doi
664:102
595:or
436:'s
419:or
399:of
366:or
258:the
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2534:nm
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1947:wc
1942:vi
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1356:.
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644:^
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428:A
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494:a
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