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listener in." Connections to dance are important, and the statement that a performance has, or achieves, a groove, usually means that it somehow compels the body to move. Still more generally, the term has a sexual origin and connotation which is obvious, requiring no explanation... Within jazz circles, Gold identifies the phrase "in the groove" – which from around 1936 to 1945 (i.e., during the height of the swing era) was in widespread use in referring to jazz performances which were "excellent" or, by extension, "sophisticated" – and the term "groove" – referring in the 1940s and 1950s to "routine, preference, style, source of pleasure"... Characteristically... tends to operate with reference to styles from the latter third of the twentieth century which utilize characteristic accompanimental ostinatos drawn from
African-derived dance music, whether African-American (e.g., soul, funk, disco,
104:
383:' and 'funky' were used increasingly as adjectives in the context of soul music—the meaning being transformed from the original one of a pungent odor to a re-defined meaning of a strong, distinctive groove." As "he soul dance music of its day, the basic idea of funk was to create as intense a groove as possible." When a drummer plays a groove that "is very solid and with a great feel...", this is referred to informally as being "in the pocket"; when a drummer "maintains this feel for an extended period of time, never wavering, this is often referred to as a deep pocket."
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is an artistic element, that is to say human,...and "it will evolve depending on the harmonic context, the place in the song, the sound of the musician's instrument, and, in interaction with the groove of the other musicians", which he calls "collective" groove". Minute rhythmic variations by the rhythm section members such as the bass player can dramatically change the feel as a band plays a song, even for a simple singer-songwriter groove.
210:" has "long familiar in musicians' own usage", musicologists and theorists have only more recently begun to analyze this concept. Middleton states that a groove "... marks an understanding of rhythmic patterning that underlies its role in producing the characteristic rhythmic 'feel' of a piece". He notes that the "feel created by a repeating framework" is also modified with
222:
are "forces of unseen connection that directly influence our experience and behaviour". Peter
Forrester and John Bailey argue that the "chances of achieving this higher level of playing" (i.e., attain a "groove") are improved when the musicians are "open to other's musical ideas", "finding ways of complementing other participant's [
189:
In a musical context, general dictionaries define a groove as "a pronounced, enjoyable rhythm" or the act of "creat, danc to, or enjoy rhythmic music". Steve Van
Telejuice explains the "groove" as the point in this sense when he defines it as a point in a song or performance when "even the people who
1052:
Pantera practically revolutionized thrash metal. Speed wasn't the main point anymore, it was what singer Phil
Anselmo called the "power groove." Riffs became unusually heavy without the need of growling or the extremely low-tuned and distorted guitars of death metal, rhythms depended more on a heavy
399:
artists call a sense of “swing” is sometimes referred to as having "flow" in the hip hop scene. "Flow is as elemental to hip hop as the concept of swing is to jazz". Just as the jazz concept of "swing" involves performers deliberately playing behind or ahead of the beat, the hip-hop concept of flow
235:
Jeff
Pressing's 2002 article claimed that a "groove or feel" is "a cognitive temporal phenomenon emerging from one or more carefully aligned concurrent rhythmic patterns, characterized by...perception of recurring pulses, and subdivision of structure in such pulses,...perception of a cycle of time,
193:
Bernard
Coquelet argues that the "groove is the way an experienced musician will play a rhythm compared with the way it is written (or would be written)" by playing slightly "before or after the beat". Coquelet claims that the "notion of groove actually has to do with aesthetics and style"; "groove
124:
and other scholars have analyzed the concept of "groove" since around the 1990s. They have argued that a "groove" is an "understanding of rhythmic patterning" or "feel" and "an intuitive sense" of "a cycle in motion" that emerges from "carefully aligned concurrent rhythmic patterns" that stimulates
221:
When the musical slang phrase "Being in the groove" is applied to a group of improvisers, this has been called "an advanced level of development for any improvisational music group", which is "equivalent to Bohm and
Jaworski's descriptions of an evoked field", which systems dynamics scholars claim
185:
argues that "groove is a completely subjective thing." He claims that "one person may think a given drummer has a great feel, while another person may think the same drummer sounds too stiff, and another may think he is too loose." Similarly, a bass educator states that while "groove is an elusive
231:
Turry and Aigen cite Feld's definition of groove as "an intuitive sense of style as process, a perception of a cycle in motion, a form or organizing pattern being revealed, a recurrent clustering of elements through time". Aigen states that "when groove is established among players, the musical
591:
In the realm of jazz, a persistently repeated pattern. More broadly, Feld (1988), studying groove from an ethnomusicological perspective, defines it cautiously as "an unspecifiable but ordered sense of something that is sustained in a distinctive, regular and attractive way, working to draw the
355:, was recorded in 1967 by Sound Dimension. "It was built around a single, emphatic bass note followed by a rapid succession of lighter notes. The pattern repeated over and over hypnotically. The sound was so powerful that it gave birth to an entire style of reggae meant for slow dancing called
314:
records, still cooking in a rhythmic groove." He describes his approach to finding the groove as follows: "All you have to do is find the waves that are comfortable to float on top of." Mann argues that the "epitome of a groove record" is
105:
156:) was widely used from around 1936 to 1945, at the height of the swing era, to describe top-notch jazz performances. In the 1940s and 1950s, groove commonly came to denote musical "routine, preference, style, source of pleasure."
309:
talks a lot about "the groove." In the 1950s, Mann "locked into a
Brazilian groove in the early '60s, then moved into a funky, soulful groove in the late '60s and early '70s. By the mid-'70s he was making hit
351:" is used to describe the rhythm patterns created by the drum pattern or a prominent bassline. In other musical contexts a "riddim" would be called a "groove" or beat. One of the widely copied "riddims",
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In some more traditional styles of jazz, the musicians often use the word "swing" to describe the sense of rhythmic cohesion of a skilled group. However, since the 1950s, musicians from the
120:
perspective, groove has been described as "an unspecifiable but ordered sense of something that is sustained in a distinctive, regular and attractive way, working to draw the listener in."
615:
280:, as well as many other internal and external variables". Recent research has shown that at least some styles of modern groove-oriented rock music are characterized by an "
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873:
FrĂĽhauf, J.; Kopiez, R.; Platz, F. (2013). "Music on the timing grid: The influence of microtiming on the perceived groove quality of a simple drum pattern performance".
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of length 2 or more pulses, enabling identification of cycle locations, and...effectiveness of engaging synchronizing body responses (e.g. dance, foot-tapping)".
863:
Huston, S. J., & Jayaraman, V. (2011). Studying sensorimotor integration in insects. Current
Opinion in Neurobiology, 21(4). doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2011.05.030
232:
whole becomes greater than the sum of its parts, enabling a person to experience something beyond himself which he cannot create alone (Aigen 2002, p.34)".
811:
260:, there is no one single motor command. "Neural responses at almost every stage of a sensorimotor pathway are modified at short and long timescales by
181:", which is used to describe a cohesive rhythmic "feel" in a jazz context, the concept of "groove" can be hard to define. Marc Sabatella's article
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Characteristic rock groove: "bass drum on beats 1 and 3 and snare drum on beats 2 and 4 of the measure ... add eighth notes on the hi-hat"
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Busse, W. G. (2002): Toward
Objective Measurement and Evaluation of Jazz Piano Performance Via MIDI-Based Groove Quantize Templates.
58:, it can be felt as a quality of persistently repeated rhythmic units, created by the interaction of the music played by a band's
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of exactitude" and the strongest groove stimulation could be observed for drum patterns without microtiming deviations.
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is about "funking with one's expectations of time"—that is, the rhythm and pulse of the music. "Flow is not about
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thing" it can be defined as "what makes the music breathe" and the "sense of motion in the context of a song".
51:
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Prögler, J. A. (1995): "Searching for Swing. Participatory Discrepancies in the Jazz Rhythm Section."
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Pressing, Jeff (2002): "Black Atlantic Rhythm. Its Computational and Transcultural Foundations."
1078:, realisation Setsuro Tsukada. Video recording, 1 cassette (VHS). Video Workshop Series. : Atoss.
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A concept similar to "groove" or "swing" is also used in other African-American genres such as
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dancing or foot-tapping on the part of listeners. The concept can be linked to the sorts of
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Delicate Thoughts: Music, Mind and Humanity: Definition and Philosophy of Music Therapy
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between neural systems. Sensory-motor coupling is the coupling or integration of the
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uses catchy electric bass lines and drum patterns to create a propulsive, emphatic
152:(a word that also has sexual connotations). The expression "in the groove" (as in
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The term is often applied to musical performances that make one want to move or
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from the metal band Pantera, a band associated with the "groove metal" scene.
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called the 'power groove.' Riffs became unusually heavy without the need of
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Benny Goodman, one of the first swing bandleaders to achieve widespread fame
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can't dance wanna feel like dancing..." due to the effect of the music.
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is the sense of an effect ("feel") of changing pattern in a propulsive
730:, in "Key Terms in Popular Music and Culture". Malden, Massachusetts.
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596:, hip-hop), Afro-Cuban dance music (e.g., salsa), or Afro-Brazilian (
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Improvising with a Groove – Pedagogic Steps Towards an Elusive Task
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827:"Sensorimotor coupling in music and the psychology of the groove"
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With heavy metal, the term "groove" can also be associated with
256:. Sensorimotor integration is not a static process. For a given
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1085:, Lecture at the 2nd IASJ Jazz Education Conference, Corfu 2010
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327:", because the "rhythm section locked all in one perception."
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35:
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In the 1990s the term "groove" was used to describe a form of
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The "groove" is also associated with funk performers, such as
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subgenres have also used the term "groove". Jazz flute player
214:. "Groove", in terms of pattern-sequencing, is also known as "
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70:, guitar, and keyboards). Groove is a significant feature of
541:
Peckman, Jonathan (2007). Picture Yourself Drumming, p. 50.
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To the break of dawn: a freestyle on the hip hop aesthetic
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228:] musical ideas", and "taking risks with the music".
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218:"—where there is deviation from exact step positions.
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that generally accompany fusions and dance musics of
30:
Funk music such as the type performed by groups like
454:. "Speed wasn’t the main point anymore, it was what
442:, which is based around the use of mid-tempo thrash
824:
872:
825:Janata, P.; Tomic, S. T.; Haberman, J. M. (2011).
909:http://www.jimnewsom.com/HerbieMannInterview.html
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38:"feel" that is often referred to as a "groove".
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616:"Accompanying: Drums: Establishing The Groove"
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244:The "groove" has been cited as an example of
74:, and can be found in many genres, including
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470:, rhythms depended more on a heavy groove."
379:, and with soul music. "In the 1950s, when '
831:Journal of Experimental Psychology: General
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575:The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz, 2nd ed. (
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978:"In The Pocket – Articles – Drummer Cafe"
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206:(1999) notes that while "the concept of
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713:Singer-Songwriter Groove – WikiMusician
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786:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
466:or the extremely distorted guitars of
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1074:Clark, Mike, and Paul Jackson (1992)
922:"MUSIC; 'Real Rock' Through the Ages"
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640:Stews Lessons: Creating The Groove
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19:For the Windows application, see
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1111:list of literature on groove
600:), or some other such fusion.
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1081:Klingmann, Heinrich (2010):
240:Neuroscientific perspectives
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920:Kenner, Rob (23 May 2004).
726:Middleton, Richard (1999).
698:September 24, 2006, at the
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395:. The rhythmic groove that
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907:Port Folio Weekly, 2002.
404:is being said so much as
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141:, Afro-Brazilian, etc.).
1446:Non-retrogradable rhythm
887:10.1177/1029864913486793
497:Jam/improvisational rock
952:About.com Entertainment
604:(subscription required)
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288:Use in different genres
183:Establishing The Groove
165:Musicians' perspectives
1542:African-American music
1037:"The History of Metal"
759:www.systemdynamics.org
659:"Definition of groove"
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246:sensory-motor coupling
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1340:Additive and divisive
1188:Double- and half-time
1005:William Jelani Cobb.
681:TheFreeDictionary.com
581:. Oxford Music Online
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32:Parliament Funkadelic
29:
1466:Prolation and tempus
1009:. 2007. Page 87-88.
198:Theoretical analysis
1238:Percussion notation
408:one is saying it".
347:, the creole term "
318:Memphis Underground
1557:Musical techniques
1076:Rhythm Combination
1026:Cobb (2007), p.90.
946:Mark Edward Nero.
926:The New York Times
645:2012-02-10 at the
577:Grove Music Online
489:genres as well as
450:played with heavy
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373:Clyde Stubblefield
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118:ethnomusicological
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514:Groove (drumming)
276:connections, and
204:Richard Middleton
154:the jazz standard
133:derivation (e.g.
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122:Musicologists
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72:popular music
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64:electric bass
62:(e.g. drums,
61:
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53:
50:or sense of "
49:
45:
37:
33:
28:
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1405:
1398:
1263:Ride pattern
1223:Gravity roll
1193:Drum cadence
1178:Cymbal choke
1102:
1096:
1092:19, 285–310.
1089:
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1071:19, 443–461.
1068:
1051:
1045:. Retrieved
1041:the original
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990:. Retrieved
986:the original
982:Drummer Cafe
981:
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960:. Retrieved
956:the original
951:
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929:. Retrieved
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837:(1): 54–75.
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770:. Retrieved
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663:allwords.com
662:
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624:. Retrieved
620:the original
610:
590:
583:. Retrieved
574:
571:"Groove (i)"
537:
524:Tempo rubato
479:sludge metal
475:stoner metal
472:
460:Phil Anselmo
448:power chords
446:and detuned
440:groove metal
436:thrash metal
433:
418:Groove metal
412:Groove metal
405:
401:
390:
371:'s drummers
366:
356:
352:
335:In Jamaican
334:
322:
316:
296:
254:motor system
243:
234:
230:
223:
220:
216:shuffle note
207:
201:
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182:
176:
143:
115:
43:
41:
21:Groove Music
1496:Syncopation
1103:PopScriptum
1099:39, 21- 54.
519:Rare groove
487:death metal
468:death metal
452:syncopation
377:Jabo Starks
369:James Brown
307:Herbie Mann
268:processes,
262:biophysical
160:Description
68:double bass
1536:Categories
1511:Time point
1461:Polyrhythm
1456:Note value
1426:Homorhythm
1392:Note value
1382:Cross-beat
1278:Snare rush
1248:Quadruplet
1218:Ghost note
1168:Blast beat
1148:Drum beats
1047:2007-08-03
992:2012-04-11
962:2008-01-09
931:25 October
772:15 January
626:2008-01-09
585:16 October
530:References
483:doom metal
357:rub a dub.
303:latin jazz
299:organ trio
282:aesthetics
212:variations
139:Afro-Cuban
42:In music,
16:Music term
1486:Stop-time
1436:Isorhythm
1411:Half-time
1375:Count off
1345:Anacrusis
1163:Back beat
895:145464636
738:. p. 143.
428:Rex Brown
353:Real Rock
345:dub music
341:dancehall
324:Push Push
270:recurrent
127:ostinatos
1387:Duration
1370:Counting
1365:Colotomy
1233:One drop
1105:(2010):
851:21767048
782:cite web
696:Archived
677:"groove"
643:Archived
508:See also
503:Jam band
464:growling
426:Bassist
278:learning
274:feedback
266:synaptic
258:stimulus
150:"groove"
36:rhythmic
1471:Prosody
1421:Hemiola
1258:Rimshot
1152:strokes
812:lang_fr
458:singer
456:Pantera
438:called
393:hip hop
387:Hip hop
363:R&B
131:African
1521:Tuplet
1406:Groove
1325:Rhythm
1228:Groove
1213:Gallop
1183:D-beat
1053:groove
1013:
893:
849:
734:
545:
349:riddim
343:, and
337:reggae
331:Reggae
208:groove
92:fusion
90:, and
54:". In
48:rhythm
44:groove
1506:Tempo
1491:Swing
1476:Pulse
1400:Gatra
1329:meter
1283:Sting
1173:Break
891:S2CID
766:(PDF)
755:(PDF)
598:samba
491:djent
444:riffs
312:disco
179:swing
146:dance
76:salsa
52:swing
1501:Tala
1431:Iqa'
1355:Beat
1327:and
1268:Roll
1208:Fill
1150:and
1011:ISBN
933:2017
847:PMID
788:link
774:2022
732:ISBN
728:Form
587:2015
543:ISBN
485:and
402:what
397:jazz
381:funk
375:and
301:and
293:Jazz
272:and
264:and
252:and
107:Play
88:funk
84:soul
80:rock
56:jazz
1350:Bar
883:doi
839:doi
835:141
594:rap
406:how
321:or
225:sic
66:or
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