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4, 1775, a spring-gun set by the
British to protect the military stores in the Magazine in Williamsburg, Virginia, wounded two young men who had broken in. The subsequent outrage by the local population proved to be the final act of the Gunpowder Incident, leading Governor Dunmore to flee the city to a British warship and declare the Commonwealth of Virginia in a state of rebellion. On June 8, Dunmore and his family fled the
557:
614:, promising to deliver the money to "the Virginia Delegates at the General congress". On May 6 Dunmore issued a proclamation charging Henry with extortion of the £330, and forbidding the citizenry to assist Henry in any way. Henry was offered protection by several counties, and was escorted by several companies of militia to the Maryland border as he made his way to
533:. The act was discovered by townsfolk while underway, and they sounded an alarm. Local militia rallied to the scene, and riders spread word of the incident across the colony. Dunmore had as a precaution armed his servants with muskets, and it was only the calming words of Patriot leaders, including the Speaker of the
548:
Unrest however persisted in
Williamsburg and spread throughout the countryside. After a second crowd was convinced to disperse by Patriot leaders, Dunmore reacted angrily, warning on April 22 that if attacked, he would "declare Freedom to the Slaves, and reduce the City of Williamsburg to Ashes." He
638:
The incident burnished Henry's reputation while worsening
Dunmore's popularity. Although his family briefly returned to Williamsburg on May 12 as a sign of good faith, relations between Dunmore and the House of Burgesses continued to deteriorate. During the night of June 3 or early morning of June
582:
militia, led by
Patrick Henry, voted on May 2 to march on Williamsburg. Henry dispatched a small company to the home of Richard Corbin, who was the Deputy Collector of the Royal Revenue in Virginia, in a bid to force him to pay for the powder from Crown revenue in his possession; the remainder of
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on March 23 that
Dunmore " it prudent to remove some Gunpowder which was in a Magazine in this place." Although British Army troops had been withdrawn from Virginia in the wake of the Powder Alarm, there were several Royal Navy ships in the Virginia waters of
578:, a longtime leader of the Virginia militia, concurred. In response to their advice, the Fredericksburg militia voted by a narrow margin not to march. However, militia from other parts of the colony did march to Williamsburg. The
545:. Dunmore demurred, stating that he was moving the powder as protection against its seizure during a rumored slave uprising, and would eventually return it. This seemed to satisfy the assembled crowd, and it dispersed peacefully.
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had flocked to the area in response to false rumors that violence had been involved. One consequence of this action was that the
Congress called for the colonies to organize militia companies for their defense. Another was that
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for £330 signed by a wealthy plantation owner, as payment for the powder (he refused the offer of payment from Crown accounts). Henry then departed to take his place as a member of
Virginia's delegation to the
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On the early morning of April 21, 1775 Royal Navy sailors went to the
Williamsburg powder magazine, loaded fifteen half barrels of powder into the governor's wagon, and transported it to the eastern end of the
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605:, Corbin's son-in-law and a Patriot member of the House of Burgesses, not to enter the city, while Braxton rode into the city and negotiated a payment. The next day, May 4, Henry received a
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the
Hanover County militia, numbering about 150, marched toward Williamsburg, arriving about 15 miles (24 km) away on May 3. That day Dunmore's family escaped Williamsburg to
541:, that prevented the assembling crowd from storming Dunmore's mansion. The city council demanded the return of the powder, claiming it was the property of the colony and not
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led a small militia force toward
Williamsburg to force return of the gunpowder to the colony's control. The matter was resolved without conflict when a payment of
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In early 1775, Virginians began to organize militia companies and seek out military supplies (weapons, ammunition, and gunpowder) to arm and equip them.
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472:'s royal governor, saw this rising unrest in his colony and sought to deprive Virginia militia of these supplies. It was not until after
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330 was made to Henry. Dunmore, fearing for his personal safety, later retreated to a naval vessel, ending royal control of the colony.
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By April 29, militia mobilizing in the countryside had learned of the battles at Lexington and Concord. Nearly 700 men mustered at
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that he had "once fought for the Virginians" but "By God, I would let them see that I could fight against them."
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Kibler, J. Luther (April 1931). "Numerous Errors in Wilstach's 'Tidewater Virginia' Challenge Criticism".
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Corbin was not at home—he was in Williamsburg, meeting with Dunmore. Henry was advised by
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This action sparked local unrest, and militia companies began mustering throughout the colony.
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to divide the colonies. In the wake of Dunmore's flight, the Burgesses rejected the proposal.
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Dunmore continued to make vigorous attempts to regain control of the colony, but after
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and quartered them in the governor's mansion. Dunmore then ordered Captain
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828:(2). Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture: 152–156.
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The powder magazine in Williamsburg from which the gunpowder was removed
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Colonial Williamsburg – Magazine (including the Gunpowder Incident)
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Give Me Liberty: the Uncompromising Statesmanship of Patrick Henry
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in July 1775; Patrick Henry became the independent state's first
563:, portrait by George Bagby Matthews c. 1891 after an original by
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a decisive defeat of British forces at Great Bridge in December
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in the middle of the night and took up residence aboard the
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Old Virginia Gazette article on the Gunpowder Incident
1809:Southern theater of the American Revolutionary War
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978:The American Revolution in the Southern colonies
1839:18th-century controversies in the United States
16:1775 conflict of the American Revolutionary War
1037:. Nashville, TN: Cumberland House Publishing.
516:Drawing of the octagonal Williamsburg Magazine
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690:American Revolutionary War §Early Engagements
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1010:. Williamsburg, VA: Colonial Williamsburg.
647:. The Burgesses had been deliberating the
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1004:Selby, John E; Higginbotham, Don (2007).
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1592:Red Hill Patrick Henry National Memorial
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1541:1776 Virginia gubernatorial election
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114:Militia uprising peacefully resolved
1814:Virginia in the American Revolution
1639:Patrick Henry International Airport
1503:Delegate, Fifth Virginia Convention
1118:Virginia in the American Revolution
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459:Secretary of State for the Colonies
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1495:Give me Liberty, or give me Death!
1202:Give me liberty, or give me death!
1077:Proclamation against Patrick Henry
931:Selby and Higginbotham, pp. 52,121
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1753:Elizabeth Henry Campbell Russell
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1223:Formation of Ethiopian Regiment
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913:Selby and Higginbotham, p. 44
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422:Province of Massachusetts Bay
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1353:Battle of Spencer's Ordinary
981:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland.
859:Selby and Higginbotham, p. 5
808:Selby and Higginbotham, p. 4
782:Selby and Higginbotham, p. 3
773:Selby and Higginbotham, p. 2
741:Selby and Higginbotham, p. 1
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361:, the Royal Governor of the
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1776:St. John's Episcopal Church
975:Russell, David Lee (2000).
952:. Princeton, NJ: Auerbach.
944:Richmond, Robert P (1971).
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630:Portrait of Dunmore by Sir
612:Second Continental Congress
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1624:Emory and Henry University
1489:Second Virginia Convention
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549:also told a Williamsburg
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93:37.2707389°N 76.6999944°W
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1735:Sarah Winston Syme Henry
1729:Dorothea Dandridge Henry
1479:(1774, co-wrote, signed)
1368:Battle of the Chesapeake
1328:Skirmish at Waters Creek
1228:Battle of Kemp's Landing
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525:to be loaded aboard the
19:Not to be confused with
1483:Continental Association
1033:Vaughan, David (1997).
649:Conciliatory Resolution
98:37.2707389; -76.6999944
1819:Williamsburg, Virginia
1708:(2002 animated series)
1619:Patrick Henry Building
1594:(home and burial site)
1582:Leatherwood Plantation
1430:(1776-1779, 1784-1786)
1358:Battle of Green Spring
1233:Battle of Great Bridge
1218:Dunmore's Proclamation
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508:Removing the gunpowder
444:(in a location now in
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72:Williamsburg, Virginia
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1629:Patrick Henry College
1348:Raid on Point of Fork
1191:Fincastle Resolutions
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1333:Battle of Cape Henry
1144:Virginia Association
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217:Moore's Creek Bridge
1723:Sarah Shelton Henry
1343:Action at Osborne's
1338:Battle of Blandford
1279:Augusta Declaration
664:Committee of Safety
190:Savage's Old Fields
89: /
1765:William Wirt Henry
1614:Camp Patrick Henry
1508:Gunpowder Incident
1264:Burning of Norfolk
1208:Gunpowder Incident
922:Russell, pp. 68–76
892:2005-12-03 at the
708:Russell, pp. 45–46
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1577:Governor's Palace
1472:Virginia Resolves
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1373:Siege of Yorktown
1363:Francisco's Fight
1138:Virginia Resolves
1044:978-1-888952-22-3
1017:978-0-87935-233-2
988:978-0-7864-0783-5
959:978-0-87769-073-3
948:Powder Alarm 1774
750:Williamson, p. 54
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36:Part of the
1700:(1939 film)
1692:(1936 film)
1442:(1774–1775)
824:. 2nd Ser.
585:Porto Bello
531:James River
450:New England
442:Charlestown
438:Thomas Gage
323:Baton Rouge
303:Stono Ferry
293:Brier Creek
96: /
1798:Categories
1767:(grandson)
1761:(grandson)
1681:Depictions
1609:Fort Henry
1572:Scotchtown
1562:Pine Slash
1557:Birthplace
938:References
589:York River
446:Somerville
408:Background
391:Royal Navy
222:Rice Boats
1834:Gunpowder
1743:(brother)
1697:Old Glory
1668:USS
1652:CSS
1602:Namesakes
1587:Salisbury
1534:Elections
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997:248087936
622:Aftermath
593:HMS
543:the Crown
381:from the
379:gunpowder
308:Fort Bute
283:Van Creek
161:1775–1779
1755:(sister)
1749:(sister)
1737:(mother)
1660:SS
1647:(packet)
1436:Delegate
1053:36372369
890:Archived
678:See also
672:governor
551:alderman
527:Magdalen
501:Magdalen
470:Virginia
383:magazine
357:between
278:Beaufort
67:Location
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369:led by
367:militia
212:Norfolk
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457:, the
393:ship.
365:, and
109:Result
1550:Homes
1125:Early
838:JSTOR
697:Notes
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595:Fowey
389:to a
1316:1781
1300:1779
1257:1776
1184:1775
1163:1774
1049:OCLC
1039:ISBN
1022:OCLC
1012:ISBN
993:OCLC
983:ISBN
964:OCLC
954:ISBN
499:HMS
476:'s "
345:(or
341:The
272:1779
255:1778
243:1777
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170:1775
59:Date
830:doi
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
