89:, as well as in their traditions and customs, the Provençal hekhamim occupy an intermediate position between the Sephardic Judaism of the neighboring
389:
116:(which is sometimes informally, though incorrectly, transliterated as "Narvona" as a result of the back-and-forth transliteration between
506:
168:
486:
521:
1059:
894:
223:
548:
344:
1287:
136:, not far (7 km) from the Mediterranean coast. It also included cities which at that time formed part of the
1292:
1685:
1430:
1276:
1114:
1109:
1149:
1044:
900:
687:
398:
242:
172:
1634:
1547:
1246:
1039:
1005:
90:
1510:
1154:
956:
906:
774:
693:
443:
304:
264:
191:
1680:
1410:
1302:
1179:
1124:
888:
433:
1675:
1542:
1532:
1526:
1469:
1420:
1159:
75:
1619:
1609:
1129:
1027:
951:
946:
599:
252:
247:
1537:
1475:
1367:
1312:
1258:
1202:
455:
1660:
1347:
1342:
1317:
926:
797:
541:
32:
1562:
1557:
676:
604:
579:
180:
501:
1624:
1516:
1234:
1174:
465:
104:
The term "Provence" in Jewish tradition is not limited to today's administrative region of
8:
1639:
1445:
1395:
1377:
1352:
1307:
975:
921:
916:
876:
830:
325:
320:
314:
1144:
1089:
1670:
1629:
1599:
1593:
1297:
1252:
1240:
1184:
1104:
1015:
1010:
882:
638:
274:
217:
149:
63:
1139:
1665:
1604:
1567:
1552:
1498:
1440:
1327:
1207:
1164:
1074:
1054:
985:
941:
853:
791:
762:
703:
698:
644:
589:
584:
534:
482:
361:
187:
145:
117:
479:
Les rabbins du Sud de la France au Moyen Age et leurs Ă©crits. Les Sages de
Provincia
125:
1521:
1463:
1357:
1282:
1264:
1222:
1213:
1119:
1094:
1064:
1033:
1021:
1000:
911:
815:
809:
756:
713:
682:
656:
633:
594:
212:
164:
1588:
1583:
1504:
1435:
1425:
1415:
1405:
1372:
1337:
1332:
1228:
1134:
1099:
1079:
1049:
936:
825:
803:
723:
666:
661:
510:
438:
418:
375:
294:
176:
94:
23:
780:
751:
718:
409:
384:
1654:
1400:
1084:
820:
785:
768:
708:
650:
423:
393:
1480:
1322:
1270:
990:
931:
728:
628:
573:
565:
228:
160:
1169:
865:
746:
671:
236:
232:
133:
121:
190:, when France annexed Venaissin, the Provençal rite was replaced by the
1614:
1362:
859:
623:
428:
413:
404:
348:
195:
153:
871:
738:
310:
141:
137:
109:
98:
67:
55:
840:
557:
481:. Institut R' Yesha'ya Bakish, Hotsaat Bakish, Montpellier, 118 p.
379:
113:
105:
51:
159:
There was a distinctive Provençal liturgy used by the Jews of the
1455:
1387:
1194:
995:
459:
86:
966:
282:
59:
43:
1490:
1217:
1069:
980:
614:
331:
79:
47:
526:
286:
171:. This liturgy was intermediate in character between the
148:
were closer to those of
Provence than to those of the
37:
449:
1652:
542:
169:expulsion of the Jews from the rest of France
93:scholars and the Old French (similar to the
549:
535:
140:'s political and cultural domain, such as
1653:
194:liturgy, which is used by the Jews of
530:
179:, and was in some ways closer to the
128:(which is informally transliterated
522:The Shem-Tov Bonet Kalonymos family
355:
224:Moses ben Joseph ben Merwan ha-Levi
27:
13:
345:Solomon ben Abraham of Montpellier
14:
1697:
78:and Hachmei Provençal term for a
1288:Isaac ben Mordecai of Regensburg
66:scholarship in the times of the
1293:Ephraim ben Isaac of Regensburg
450:Members of the Kalonymus Family
297:, the source for the city-name
201:
97:) tradition represented by the
62:, which was a great center for
1431:Moses ben Isaac ben ha-Nessiah
1277:Judah ben Samuel of Regensburg
1115:Elhanan ben Isaac of Dampierre
1110:Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre
494:
338:
146:Jewish traditions of Catalonia
1:
1150:Samuel ben Solomon of Falaise
1045:Abraham ben Joseph of Orleans
901:Abraham ben Isaac of Narbonne
688:Shem Tov ben Abraham ibn Gaon
471:
399:Shem-Tob ben Isaac of Tortosa
347:who led the movement against
243:Abraham ben Isaac of Narbonne
167:, who remained following the
1635:Judah Leon ben Moses Mosconi
1548:Eliezer ben Samuel of Verona
1247:Yaakov ben Moshe Levi Moelin
1006:Samson ben Joseph of Falaise
556:
7:
1511:Isaiah di Trani the Younger
1155:Judah ben Isaac Messer Leon
907:Levi ben Abraham ben Hayyim
775:Zerachiah ha-Levi of Girona
694:Meir ben Solomon Abi-Sahula
444:Jedaiah ben Abraham Bedersi
265:Zerachiah ha-Levi of Girona
206:
38:
10:
1702:
1411:Eliyahu Menachem of London
1303:Eliezer ben Isaac ha-Gadol
1180:Elijah ben Menahem HaZaken
1125:Samson ben Abraham of Sens
889:David ben Levi of Narbonne
434:Gerson ben Solomon Catalan
1576:
1543:Moses ben Meir of Ferrara
1489:
1454:
1421:Jacob ben Judah of London
1386:
1193:
1160:Joseph ben Samuel Bonfils
965:
839:
737:
613:
564:
16:Jewish rabbis of Provence
1620:Isaac ben Jacob ha-Lavan
1610:Isaac ben Samuel of Acre
1130:Isaac ben Eliezer Halevi
1060:Haim ben Hananel HaCohen
1028:Moses ben Jacob of Coucy
952:Aaron ben Jacob ha-Kohen
600:Samuel ben Jacob ibn Jam
258:
253:Aaron ben Jacob ha-Kohen
248:Isaac ben Merwan ha-Levi
1476:Avigdor Cohen of Vienna
1368:Isaac ben Asher ha-Levi
1313:Yehuda HaKohen ben Meir
1259:Eliezer ben Joel HaLevi
1203:Meshullam ben Kalonymus
456:Kalonymus ben Kalonymus
330:Rava Shlomo Yitzchaki (
108:but to the entirety of
70:. The singular form is
1348:Jacob ben Judah Landau
1343:Joel ben Isaac ha-Levi
1318:Meir ben Baruch Halevi
927:Abraham of Montpellier
798:Simeon ben Zemah Duran
500:For this liturgy, see
1686:Jewish French history
1563:Isaac ben Melchizedek
1558:Joseph Colon Trabotto
1243:(Maharam MeRotenberg)
903:(Raavad II, HaEshkol)
677:Isaac ben Moses Arama
605:Shemariah ben Elhanan
580:Chananel ben Chushiel
313:haYarhi, and his son
220:and his great family.
1640:Nethanel ben Isaiah‎
1625:Nathan ben Abraham I
1517:Obadiah of Bertinoro
1235:Mordechai ben Hillel
1175:Shemaiah of Soissons
466:Kalonymus ben Todros
192:Portuguese Sephardic
144:. In some ways, the
1529:(Shibbolei HaLeket)
1446:Berechiah de Nicole
1396:Aaron of Canterbury
1378:Isaac Asir HaTikvah
1353:Samuel ben Natronai
1308:Judah ben Kalonymus
1273:(Hagahot Maimuniot)
976:Rabbi Abin ha-Gadol
922:Asher ben Meshullam
917:Meshullam ben Jacob
877:Isaac ben Abba Mari
831:Judah ben Barzillai
326:Asher ben Meshullam
321:Meshullam ben Jacob
132:), and the city of
1630:Hillel ben Eliakim
1600:Zerahiah the Greek
1594:Tobiah ben Eliezer
1466:(Terumat HaDeshen)
1298:Samson ben Eliezer
1253:Eliezer ben Nathan
1241:Meir of Rothenburg
1210:(Rabbeinu Gershom)
1185:Ephraim ben Samson
1105:Eliezer of Touques
1016:Eliezer ben Samuel
1011:Yom Tov of Falaise
883:Abraham ben Nathan
679:(Akeidat Yitzchak)
617:(except Catalonia)
509:2011-07-19 at the
403:The famous family
275:Abraham ben Nathan
218:Makhir of Narbonne
150:Kingdom of Castile
1681:Judaism in France
1648:
1647:
1605:Isaac ben Dorbolo
1568:Judah Messer Leon
1553:Hillel ben Samuel
1499:Nathan ben Jehiel
1441:Yom Tov of Joigny
1328:Israel of Bamberg
1279:(Yehudah haHasid)
1208:Gershom ben Judah
1165:Menahem ben Helbo
1075:Peretz ben Elijah
1055:Judah ben Yom Tov
986:List of Tosafists
969:(except Provence)
957:Jonathan of Lunel
947:Isaac of Narbonne
942:Samuel ibn Tibbon
854:Abraham ben David
792:Isaac ben Sheshet
763:Shlomo ibn Aderet
704:Maimon ben Joseph
699:Isaac ibn Ghiyyat
645:Joseph ibn Migash
590:Zechariah Aghmati
585:Dunash ben Labrat
487:979-10-90638-06-8
477:Y. Maser (2016),
362:Abraham ben David
188:French Revolution
118:Rabbinical Hebrew
64:Rabbinical Jewish
39:sages of Provence
36:
1693:
1522:Menahem Recanati
1464:Israel Isserlein
1358:Alexander Suslin
1283:Yaakov ben Yakar
1265:Eleazar of Worms
1223:Asher ben Jehiel
1214:Simeon bar Isaac
1145:Samuel of Évreux
1120:Baruch ben Isaac
1095:Samson of Chinon
1090:Jacob of Orléans
1065:Yechiel of Paris
1034:Judah ben Nathan
1022:Isaac ben Samuel
1001:Solomon ben Meir
912:Moshe ha-Darshan
895:Moses ben Joseph
849:Hachmei Provence
816:Azriel of Gerona
812:(Nimmukei Yosef)
810:Joseph ibn Habib
806:(Maggid Mishneh)
771:(Rabbeinu Yonah)
757:Nissim of Gerona
714:Abraham ibn Daud
683:Rabbenu Yerucham
657:Bahya ibn Paquda
639:Yom Tov Asevilli
634:Abraham ibn Ezra
595:Nissim ben Jacob
551:
544:
537:
528:
527:
514:
498:
356:Rest of Provence
213:Moses ha-Darshan
183:than to either.
165:Comtat Venaissin
112:. This includes
42:) refers to the
41:
31:
29:
20:Hachmei Provence
1701:
1700:
1696:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1644:
1589:Elijah Mizrachi
1584:Isaac Abarbanel
1572:
1505:Isaiah di Trani
1485:
1470:Isaac of Vienna
1450:
1436:Moses of London
1426:Josce of London
1416:Hagin Deulacres
1406:Elias of London
1382:
1373:Simha of Speyer
1338:Judah ben Asher
1333:Ephraim of Bonn
1229:Jacob ben Asher
1189:
1140:Moses of Évreux
1135:Meir ben Samuel
1100:Jacob of Chinon
1080:Eliezer of Toul
1050:Elijah of Paris
961:
937:Isaac the Blind
835:
826:Judah ben Yakar
804:Vidal of Tolosa
733:
724:Jonah ibn Janah
667:David Abudirham
662:Bahya ben Asher
609:
560:
555:
518:
517:
513:, Avignon 1776.
511:Wayback Machine
499:
495:
474:
452:
439:Abraham Bedersi
419:Bonet de Lattes
390:Nathan ben Meir
376:Isaac the Blind
358:
341:
305:Yonatan HaKohen
261:
209:
204:
177:Nusach Ashkenaz
95:Nusach Ashkenaz
17:
12:
11:
5:
1699:
1689:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1676:Provençal Jews
1673:
1668:
1663:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1591:
1586:
1580:
1578:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1508:
1502:
1495:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1484:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1467:
1460:
1458:
1452:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1392:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1274:
1268:
1262:
1256:
1250:
1244:
1238:
1232:
1231:(Baal HaTurim)
1226:
1220:
1211:
1205:
1199:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1031:
1025:
1019:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
972:
970:
963:
962:
960:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
898:
892:
886:
880:
874:
869:
863:
857:
851:
845:
843:
837:
836:
834:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
807:
801:
795:
789:
783:
781:Hasdai Crescas
778:
772:
766:
760:
754:
752:Menachem Meiri
749:
743:
741:
735:
734:
732:
731:
726:
721:
719:Moses ibn Ezra
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
685:
680:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
648:
642:
636:
631:
626:
620:
618:
611:
610:
608:
607:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
570:
568:
562:
561:
554:
553:
546:
539:
531:
525:
524:
516:
515:
503:Seder ha-Tamid
492:
491:
490:
489:
473:
470:
469:
468:
463:
451:
448:
447:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
410:Caslari family
407:
401:
396:
387:
385:Menachem Meiri
382:
372:
357:
354:
353:
352:
340:
337:
336:
335:
328:
323:
318:
308:
302:
272:
260:
257:
256:
255:
250:
245:
240:
226:
221:
215:
208:
205:
203:
200:
173:Sephardi rites
85:In matters of
46:, "sages" or "
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1698:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1661:French rabbis
1659:
1658:
1656:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1533:Benjamin Anaw
1531:
1528:
1527:Zedekiah Anaw
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1488:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1401:Aaron of York
1399:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1385:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1192:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1085:Chaim Paltiel
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
973:
971:
968:
964:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
878:
875:
873:
870:
867:
864:
861:
858:
855:
852:
850:
847:
846:
844:
842:
838:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
821:Moshe Chalava
819:
817:
814:
811:
808:
805:
802:
799:
796:
793:
790:
787:
786:Aharon HaLevi
784:
782:
779:
777:(Baal HaMaor)
776:
773:
770:
769:Yonah Gerondi
767:
764:
761:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
744:
742:
740:
736:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
709:Isaac Aboab I
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
689:
686:
684:
681:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
652:
651:Meir Abulafia
649:
646:
643:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
621:
619:
616:
612:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
575:
572:
571:
569:
567:
563:
559:
552:
547:
545:
540:
538:
533:
532:
529:
523:
520:
519:
512:
508:
505:
504:
497:
493:
488:
484:
480:
476:
475:
467:
464:
461:
457:
454:
453:
445:
442:
440:
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161:Papal enclave
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1596:(Lekach Tov)
1481:Isaac Tyrnau
1323:Israel Bruna
1271:Meir HaKohen
1024:(Ri HaZaken)
991:Rabbeinu Tam
932:Joseph Caspi
848:
729:Abraham Saba
629:Judah Halevi
574:Isaac Alfasi
566:North Africa
502:
496:
478:
369:
365:
334:) (disputed)
298:
290:
278:
268:
229:Joseph Kimhi
202:Partial list
185:
181:Italian rite
158:
129:
103:
84:
71:
19:
18:
1501:(the Aruch)
1237:(Mordechai)
1170:Simeon Kara
1040:Bechor Shor
891:(HaMichtam)
866:David Kimhi
747:Nachmanides
690:(Migdal Oz)
672:Joseph Albo
647:(Ri Migash)
378:, a famous
339:Montpellier
289:, which is
269:Baal haMaor
237:Moses Kimhi
233:David Kimhi
134:Montpellier
122:Old Occitan
28:חכמי ×¤×¨×•×‘× ×ˇ
1655:Categories
1615:Moses Taku
1538:Judah Anav
1472:(Or Zarua)
1363:Jacob Weil
885:(HaManhig)
860:Gersonides
800:(Tashbatz)
624:Maimonides
472:References
429:Gersonides
414:Carpentras
405:Ibn Tibbon
349:Maimonides
196:Carpentras
186:After the
154:al-Andalus
1671:Tosafists
1577:Elsewhere
1267:(Rokeach)
1261:(Raavyah)
1255:(Ra'aven)
1249:(Maharil)
879:(HaIttur)
872:Abba Mari
739:Catalonia
380:Kabbalist
370:RABaD III
311:Abba Mari
307:of Lunel.
277:haYarhi (
231:and sons
142:Perpignan
138:Catalonia
110:Occitania
99:Tosafists
76:Sephardic
68:Tosafists
56:Occitania
33:romanized
1666:Rishonim
1018:(Yereim)
862:(Ralbag)
856:(Raavad)
841:Provence
794:(Rivash)
765:(Rashba)
558:Rishonim
507:Archived
374:His son
207:Narbonne
175:and the
114:Narbonne
106:Provence
52:Provence
44:hekhamim
1456:Austria
1388:England
1195:Germany
1036:(Rivan)
1030:(Semag)
996:Rashbam
897:(Rambi)
868:(Radak)
788:(Ra'ah)
653:(Ramah)
641:(Ritva)
460:Avignon
198:today.
91:Spanish
87:halakha
35::
1513:(Riaz)
1225:(Rosh)
967:France
485:
295:French
283:Hebrew
279:Yareah
72:hakham
60:France
54:, now
50:," of
48:rabbis
24:Hebrew
1507:(Rid)
1491:Italy
1218:Mainz
1070:Rivam
981:Rashi
759:(Ran)
615:Spain
576:(Rif)
366:RABaD
332:Rashi
315:Isaac
299:Lunel
259:Lunel
130:Lunil
126:Lunel
80:rabbi
74:is a
483:ISBN
291:Lune
287:moon
285:for
267:the
235:and
152:and
120:and
1216:of
458:of
412:of
392:of
368:or
293:in
281:is
163:of
124:),
58:in
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301:).
156:.
101:.
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30:,
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550:e
543:t
536:v
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22:(
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