597:
40:
221:, and was instrumental in hunting efforts, including tracking and finding a wounded caribou in February 1855 when the men were beginning to starve and show signs of scurvy. It was due to Henrik's ability and effort that the important sledging journey to Cape Constitution was completed. For these efforts, Hendrik's agreed upon salary was two barrels of flour and 52 pounds of salt pork.
260:' American expedition of 1860–1861. At the end of August 1860, Hayes touched at Cape York and picked up Hans, his wife, and child. On 21 December, Hans and astronomer August Sonntag began their ice journey—a journey from which Sonntag did not return. Hans managed to eventually reach an Inuit settlement, saving his own life. The
347:
before proceeding to the northernmost reaches of
Greenland. The expedition encountered problems with pack ice and scurvy, spending one winter locked in the ice. Hendrik's hunting and handling of dogsleds contributed both to the exploration and the survival and ultimate rescue of the most of the crew.
313:
managed to provide food for the entire party; they were eventually picked up by a sealer in April 1873. Following this journey, Hendrik made a trip to
America, including visits to Washington D.C. and New York, before returning home to Fiskernaes.
214:. He established his worth in the winter of 1854, when participating in a search for four of the men who were lying frozen and disabled somewhere northwest of the ship, which was beset in the ice in Rensellaer Bay.
3139:
351:
Hendrik retired from expedition support and worked as boatswain and laborer at the
Greenland settlements. His arctic journeys made him wealthy by the standards of his community.
3743:
268:
on 15 August 1861, near which
Hendrik and his family would remain for the next three years. Following that, they returned to Fiskernaes.
2301:
624:
1262:
3768:
3682:
897:
905:
217:
Hendrik located their sledge track, which brought the rescue party to the men. He also assisted with communication with the local
3257:
2263:
676:
2854:
2452:
2040:
3646:
3773:
1592:
2457:
3540:
3221:
3043:
2933:
2702:
1291:
1240:
2991:
2572:
2511:
296:
under
Captain Budington. Hans joined the voyage, along with his wife and four children. Hall died during the voyage of
3763:
3014:
548:
496:
3758:
3092:
482:
3778:
3323:
3309:
3283:
3120:
1091:
617:
2014:
375:
3146:
3116:
1459:
1449:
1033:
735:
2757:
2919:
2429:
1562:
461:
3753:
2828:
2714:
2557:
1603:
1064:
832:
237:
3783:
3276:
2898:
2732:
2673:
2627:
856:
745:
488:
3636:
2361:
2335:
2328:
1779:
1680:
1672:
1655:
1273:
819:
671:
610:
229:
207:
197:
121:
2068:
3459:
3069:
2765:
2564:
2349:
2231:
2034:
1916:
1767:
1616:
1554:
1541:
1414:
1140:
792:
333:
323:
139:
309:
During the party's six-month drift on a gradually-shrinking ice-floe, Hendrik and the
Canadian Inuk
3609:
3200:
3194:
3112:
2986:
2771:
2497:
2373:
2223:
2111:
1895:
911:
3676:
3339:
2492:
2366:
2286:
1795:
1622:
824:
540:
455:
3614:
3180:
1112:
2447:
3619:
3588:
3393:
3346:
3245:
3049:
2968:
2911:
2660:
2654:
2504:
2462:
2424:
2404:
1999:
1774:
1610:
1520:
1502:
1419:
1390:
1380:
1268:
1205:
979:
241:
1660:
510:
3738:
3733:
3473:
3465:
3408:
2996:
2860:
2786:
2778:
2578:
2518:
2477:
2090:
2081:
1952:
1947:
1851:
1715:
1472:
1434:
1041:
811:
779:
723:
703:
293:
158:
2841:
1246:
1229:
8:
3594:
3516:
2981:
2904:
2820:
2601:
2593:
2542:
2182:
2140:
1635:
1598:
1487:
1251:
1121:
924:
729:
329:
211:
1234:
596:
300:
on 8 November 1871. Hendrik was among the party left behind after Hall's death when the
3748:
3315:
3207:
3188:
2752:
2727:
2269:
2163:
2127:
2103:
1994:
1841:
1816:
1812:
1802:
1708:
1686:
1665:
1546:
1536:
1283:
1171:
1099:
772:
763:
755:
666:
646:
533:
506:
301:
286:
280:
257:
131:
126:
3687:
3493:
3487:
3443:
3428:
3357:
3329:
3237:
3174:
3084:
3056:
3036:
2974:
2882:
2846:
2720:
2687:
2680:
2633:
2615:
2532:
2281:
2150:
2098:
2004:
1957:
1885:
1874:
1586:
1576:
1568:
1464:
1454:
1365:
1360:
1343:
1309:
1176:
1163:
984:
890:
848:
843:
633:
569:
544:
516:
492:
465:
381:
225:
3704:
3436:
3128:
3008:
2834:
2807:
2747:
2622:
2552:
2537:
2276:
2205:
2200:
2174:
2169:
2051:
1974:
1927:
1694:
1514:
1479:
1375:
1370:
1304:
1218:
1000:
992:
878:
798:
750:
740:
713:
565:
337:
203:
559:
3694:
3641:
3626:
3532:
3527:
3451:
3416:
3352:
3251:
3166:
3133:
2865:
2648:
2640:
2609:
2525:
2485:
2239:
2195:
2135:
2059:
2029:
2024:
1984:
1962:
1910:
1846:
1836:
1787:
1509:
1494:
1347:
1316:
1278:
1028:
956:
950:
873:
838:
698:
478:
172:
89:
67:
2217:
179:
to publish an account of his travels. He was born in the southern settlement of
3668:
3651:
3604:
3563:
3553:
3522:
3381:
3371:
3263:
3213:
3078:
3028:
3001:
2946:
2742:
2737:
2586:
2439:
2293:
2255:
2212:
2145:
2119:
2073:
2046:
2019:
1989:
1932:
1890:
1880:
1760:
1753:
1650:
1630:
1442:
1402:
1333:
1129:
1104:
1059:
1023:
1017:
1009:
969:
964:
938:
918:
686:
385:
180:
63:
3727:
3631:
3573:
3568:
3558:
3508:
3503:
3479:
3423:
3300:
3294:
3289:
2888:
2799:
2792:
2547:
2342:
2321:
2189:
1967:
1937:
1905:
1900:
1737:
1643:
1526:
1321:
1134:
1084:
1077:
1069:
974:
883:
718:
588:
573:
520:
469:
3662:
3656:
3268:
3232:
3098:
2925:
2875:
2814:
2668:
2356:
2307:
2157:
1979:
1942:
1922:
1863:
1397:
1385:
1328:
1256:
1157:
1054:
1048:
945:
933:
806:
784:
708:
661:
592:
528:
100:
3699:
3599:
3547:
3365:
3152:
2940:
2315:
2247:
2009:
1868:
1831:
1731:
1723:
1531:
867:
344:
39:
3498:
3401:
3385:
3227:
3160:
3061:
2470:
2419:
2379:
1701:
1427:
1355:
1297:
690:
658:
228:, in western Greenland, where he married. In a report submitted by Sir
3020:
1857:
1409:
1192:
310:
265:
168:
602:
2952:
297:
3579:
2959:
1224:
1200:
1188:
85:
1746:
1825:
1150:
1211:
218:
176:
431:
240:
in search of
Franklin, it was reported by the Inut near
2416:
421:
419:
336:
of 1875–1876. Hendrik presumably joined the crew of
416:
252:Hendrik made his second northern voyage aboard the
224:After the Grinnell expedition, Hendrik returned to
532:
404:
392:
3725:
561:Hans, the Eskimo: His Story of Arctic Adventure
535:The Polar Passion: The Quest for the North Pole
3744:19th-century indigenous people of the Americas
618:
457:Memoirs of Hans Hendrik, the Arctic traveller
306:broke loose of the ice and failed to return.
191:
317:
202:Hendrik was hired by the American explorer
167:; 2 June 1832 – 11 August 1889) was a
625:
611:
595:
505:
437:
369:
367:
365:
363:
38:
3683:Pole of Inaccessibility research station
3258:Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition
476:
453:
373:
360:
244:that Hans was residing at Whale Sound.
3726:
515:. Cincinnati: U.S. Book and Bible Co.
2402:
644:
632:
606:
527:
425:
410:
398:
271:
557:
328:Hendrik's last sea voyage was under
247:
3044:Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition
1241:Norse colonization of North America
13:
2573:United States Exploring Expedition
14:
3795:
3647:Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station
3015:Australasian Antarctic Expedition
582:
3541:Amundsen's South Pole expedition
2934:Amundsen's South Pole expedition
484:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
3769:Greenlandic non-fiction writers
446:
285:Hendrik's third journey on the
186:
1:
2920:Japanese Antarctic Expedition
2855:Scottish Antarctic Expedition
2403:
3277:Soviet Antarctic Expeditions
3093:Shackleton–Rowett Expedition
2899:French Antarctic Expeditions
2829:Swedish Antarctic Expedition
2715:Belgian Antarctic Expedition
833:Lady Franklin Bay Expedition
380:. London: Trubner & Co.
354:
7:
3774:Greenlandic polar explorers
2362:Nuclear-powered icebreakers
2041:Austro-Hungarian Expedition
906:Andrée's balloon expedition
489:University of Toronto Press
10:
3800:
1563:Franklin's lost expedition
1263:Christian IV's expeditions
645:
512:Thirty years in the Arctic
321:
278:
230:Francis Leopold McClintock
208:second Grinnell expedition
198:Second Grinnell expedition
195:
192:Second Grinnell expedition
122:Second Grinnell expedition
3380:
3111:
2698:
2438:
2415:
2411:
2398:
1917:Great Northern Expedition
1811:
1593:Rae–Richardson expedition
1342:
1187:
793:British Arctic Expedition
685:
657:
653:
640:
334:British Arctic expedition
324:British Arctic expedition
318:British Arctic expedition
236:, near the conclusion of
162:
148:
140:British Arctic expedition
114:
106:
96:
74:
49:
37:
30:
23:
3764:Greenlandic Inuit people
3201:British Antarctic Survey
3195:Captain Arturo Prat Base
2440:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
541:McClelland & Stewart
31:
3759:Explorers of the Arctic
3677:Pole of inaccessibility
3340:Antarctic Treaty System
1681:2nd Grinnell expedition
477:Holland, C. A. (1982).
377:Memoirs of Hans Hendrik
210:to search for the lost
3779:People from Sermersooq
3347:Transglobe Expedition
3246:Operation Deep Freeze
2655:Challenger expedition
1521:Coppermine expedition
1042:Drifting ice stations
589:Works by Hans Hendrik
292:of 1871–1873, led by
454:Hendrik, H. (1878).
374:Hendrik, H. (1878).
294:Charles Francis Hall
16:Greenlandic explorer
3754:Explorers of Canada
3517:South magnetic pole
2183:Brusilov expedition
1292:Danish colonization
730:North magnetic pole
558:Rich, E. G (1934).
330:George Strong Nares
212:Franklin expedition
110:Arctic exploration
3784:Polaris expedition
3208:Operation Windmill
3189:Operation Highjump
2164:Rusanov expedition
2069:A. E. Nordenskiöld
1813:North East Passage
1617:McClure expedition
281:Polaris expedition
258:Isaac Israel Hayes
238:his own expedition
206:for the 1853–1855
3721:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3713:
3712:
3175:Operation Tabarin
3037:Far Eastern Party
2883:Nimrod Expedition
2394:
2393:
2390:
2389:
1953:M. Pronchishcheva
1875:Siberian Cossacks
1344:Northwest Passage
677:Research stations
634:Polar exploration
507:McClintock, F. L.
248:Hayes' expedition
234:21 September 1859
226:Qeqertarsuatsiaat
152:
151:
127:Hayes' expedition
3791:
3222:Ronne Expedition
2707:
2701:
2565:Dumont d'Urville
2413:
2412:
2400:
2399:
1948:V. Pronchishchev
655:
654:
642:
641:
627:
620:
613:
604:
603:
599:
577:
566:Houghton Mifflin
554:
538:
524:
502:
487:. Vol. 11.
473:
441:
435:
429:
423:
414:
408:
402:
396:
390:
389:
371:
235:
204:Elisha Kent Kane
175:, and the first
166:
81:
59:
57:
42:
21:
20:
3799:
3798:
3794:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3788:
3724:
3723:
3722:
3709:
3384:
3376:
3252:McMurdo Station
3121:Modern research
3119:
3107:
2842:O. Nordenskjöld
2705:
2699:
2694:
2610:Ross expedition
2434:
2407:
2386:
1815:
1807:
1348:Northern Canada
1346:
1338:
1191:
1183:
689:
681:
649:
636:
631:
585:
580:
551:
499:
479:"Hendrik, Hans"
449:
444:
438:McClintock 1859
436:
432:
424:
417:
409:
405:
397:
393:
372:
361:
357:
326:
320:
283:
277:
250:
233:
200:
194:
189:
173:Arctic explorer
144:
92:
90:North Greenland
83:
79:
70:
68:South Greenland
61:
55:
53:
45:
44:Hendrik in 1883
33:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3797:
3787:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3719:
3718:
3715:
3714:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3691:
3690:
3685:
3673:
3672:
3671:
3669:Vostok Station
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3623:
3622:
3620:Cherry-Garrard
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3585:
3584:
3583:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3537:
3536:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3513:
3512:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3484:
3483:
3482:
3470:
3469:
3468:
3460:Southern Cross
3456:
3455:
3454:
3441:
3440:
3439:
3426:
3421:
3420:
3419:
3406:
3405:
3404:
3390:
3388:
3382:Farthest South
3378:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3369:
3362:
3361:
3360:
3355:
3343:
3336:
3335:
3334:
3333:
3332:
3320:
3319:
3318:
3306:
3305:
3304:
3297:
3292:
3273:
3272:
3271:
3266:
3254:
3249:
3242:
3241:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3218:
3217:
3216:
3204:
3197:
3192:
3185:
3184:
3183:
3171:
3170:
3169:
3157:
3156:
3155:
3143:
3136:
3131:
3125:
3123:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3105:
3104:
3103:
3089:
3088:
3087:
3079:Ross Sea party
3075:
3066:
3065:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3040:
3033:
3032:
3031:
3026:
3011:
3006:
3005:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2965:
2964:
2963:
2956:
2949:
2944:
2930:
2929:
2928:
2916:
2915:
2914:
2909:
2895:
2894:
2893:
2879:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2863:
2851:
2850:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2825:
2824:
2823:
2818:
2804:
2803:
2802:
2797:
2783:
2782:
2781:
2776:
2773:Southern Cross
2766:Southern Cross
2762:
2761:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2710:
2708:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2691:
2690:
2678:
2677:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2651:
2646:
2645:
2644:
2631:
2625:
2606:
2605:
2604:
2591:
2590:
2589:
2584:
2569:
2568:
2567:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2529:
2528:
2516:
2515:
2514:
2512:Bellingshausen
2502:
2495:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2475:
2474:
2473:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2444:
2442:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2409:
2408:
2396:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2384:
2383:
2382:
2371:
2359:
2354:
2347:
2340:
2339:
2338:
2326:
2325:
2324:
2312:
2311:
2310:
2298:
2297:
2296:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2273:
2272:
2260:
2259:
2258:
2244:
2243:
2242:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2209:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2179:
2178:
2177:
2172:
2160:
2155:
2154:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2108:
2107:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2071:
2056:
2055:
2054:
2049:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1821:
1819:
1817:Russian Arctic
1809:
1808:
1806:
1805:
1800:
1799:
1798:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1777:
1763:
1758:
1757:
1756:
1742:
1741:
1740:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1713:
1712:
1711:
1699:
1698:
1697:
1692:
1677:
1676:
1675:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1647:
1646:
1641:
1633:
1628:
1613:
1608:
1607:
1606:
1601:
1589:
1584:
1583:
1582:
1574:
1559:
1558:
1557:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1506:
1505:
1492:
1491:
1490:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1446:
1445:
1432:
1431:
1430:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1406:
1405:
1400:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1352:
1350:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1325:
1324:
1319:
1307:
1302:
1301:
1300:
1288:
1287:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1259:
1254:
1252:Snæbjörn galti
1249:
1244:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1215:
1208:
1203:
1197:
1195:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1181:
1180:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1154:
1147:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1119:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1102:
1088:
1081:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1045:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1014:
1013:
1012:
998:
989:
988:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
953:
948:
943:
942:
941:
936:
921:
916:
915:
914:
902:
901:
900:
888:
887:
886:
881:
876:
871:
853:
852:
851:
846:
841:
829:
828:
827:
822:
817:
809:
804:
789:
788:
787:
782:
777:
760:
759:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
695:
693:
687:Farthest North
683:
682:
680:
679:
674:
669:
664:
651:
650:
638:
637:
630:
629:
622:
615:
607:
601:
600:
584:
583:External links
581:
579:
578:
555:
549:
525:
503:
497:
474:
450:
448:
445:
443:
442:
440:, p. 471.
430:
428:, p. 103.
415:
403:
391:
358:
356:
353:
322:Main article:
319:
316:
279:Main article:
276:
270:
249:
246:
196:Main article:
193:
190:
188:
185:
150:
149:
146:
145:
143:
142:
137:
129:
124:
118:
116:
112:
111:
108:
107:Known for
104:
103:
98:
94:
93:
84:
82:(aged 57)
78:11 August 1889
76:
72:
71:
62:
51:
47:
46:
43:
35:
34:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3796:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3680:
3679:
3678:
3674:
3670:
3667:
3666:
3665:
3664:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3592:
3591:
3590:
3586:
3582:
3581:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3544:
3543:
3542:
3538:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3520:
3519:
3518:
3514:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3485:
3481:
3478:
3477:
3476:
3475:
3471:
3467:
3464:
3463:
3462:
3461:
3457:
3453:
3450:
3449:
3448:
3447:
3442:
3438:
3435:
3434:
3433:
3432:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3418:
3415:
3414:
3413:
3412:
3407:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3398:
3397:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3379:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3367:
3363:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3350:
3349:
3348:
3344:
3342:
3341:
3337:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3326:
3325:
3321:
3317:
3314:
3313:
3312:
3311:
3307:
3303:
3302:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3286:
3285:
3281:
3280:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3225:
3224:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3212:
3211:
3210:
3209:
3205:
3203:
3202:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3186:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3165:
3164:
3163:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3149:
3148:
3144:
3142:
3141:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3102:
3101:
3097:
3096:
3095:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3083:
3082:
3081:
3080:
3076:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3067:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3052:
3048:
3047:
3046:
3045:
3041:
3039:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3019:
3018:
3017:
3016:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2977:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2955:
2954:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2942:
2938:
2937:
2936:
2935:
2931:
2927:
2924:
2923:
2922:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2907:
2903:
2902:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2892:
2891:
2887:
2886:
2885:
2884:
2880:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2868:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2857:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2837:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2816:
2812:
2811:
2810:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2800:Discovery Hut
2798:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2790:
2789:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2774:
2770:
2769:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2718:
2717:
2716:
2712:
2711:
2709:
2704:
2697:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2684:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2664:
2659:
2658:
2657:
2656:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2642:
2638:
2637:
2632:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2613:
2612:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2600:
2599:
2598:
2597:
2592:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2582:
2577:
2576:
2575:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2527:
2524:
2523:
2522:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2507:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2487:
2484:
2483:
2482:
2481:
2476:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2467:
2466:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2437:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2401:
2397:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2372:
2370:
2369:
2365:
2364:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2346:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2332:
2331:
2330:A. Sibiryakov
2327:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2318:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2306:
2305:
2304:
2303:
2302:Glavsevmorput
2299:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2266:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2251:
2250:
2245:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2234:
2228:
2227:
2226:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2165:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2132:
2131:
2130:
2125:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2094:
2089:
2088:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2079:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2057:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1919:
1918:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1859:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1804:
1801:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1743:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1734:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1714:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1705:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1685:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1671:
1670:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1639:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1626:
1621:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1605:
1604:J. Richardson
1602:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1567:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1553:
1552:
1551:
1550:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1493:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1484:
1483:
1478:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1444:
1441:
1440:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1429:
1426:
1425:
1424:
1423:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1393:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1366:M. Corte-Real
1364:
1362:
1361:G. Corte-Real
1359:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1284:C. Richardson
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1161:
1160:
1159:
1155:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1146:
1145:
1144:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1118:
1117:
1116:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1093:Georgiy Sedov
1089:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1020:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1006:
1005:
1004:
999:
997:
996:
995:
990:
986:
983:
981:
980:Riiser-Larsen
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
962:
961:
960:
959:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
940:
937:
935:
932:
931:
930:
929:
928:
922:
920:
917:
913:
910:
909:
908:
907:
903:
899:
896:
895:
894:
893:
889:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
869:
865:
864:
863:
862:
860:
854:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
836:
835:
834:
830:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
815:
810:
808:
805:
803:
802:
797:
796:
795:
794:
790:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
775:
771:
770:
769:
768:
766:
761:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
733:
732:
731:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
696:
694:
692:
688:
684:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
659:
656:
652:
648:
643:
639:
635:
628:
623:
621:
616:
614:
609:
608:
605:
598:
594:
590:
587:
586:
575:
571:
567:
563:
562:
556:
552:
550:9780771066214
546:
542:
537:
536:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
513:
508:
504:
500:
498:9780802033673
494:
490:
486:
485:
480:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
458:
452:
451:
439:
434:
427:
422:
420:
413:, p. 89.
412:
407:
401:, p. 66.
400:
395:
387:
383:
379:
378:
370:
368:
366:
364:
359:
352:
349:
346:
342:
341:
335:
331:
325:
315:
312:
307:
305:
304:
299:
295:
291:
289:
282:
274:
269:
267:
263:
262:United States
259:
255:
254:United States
245:
243:
239:
231:
227:
222:
220:
215:
213:
209:
205:
199:
184:
182:
178:
174:
171:interpreter,
170:
165:
160:
156:
147:
141:
138:
136:
134:
130:
128:
125:
123:
120:
119:
117:
113:
109:
105:
102:
99:
95:
91:
87:
77:
73:
69:
65:
52:
48:
41:
36:
29:
22:
19:
3675:
3663:Pole of Cold
3661:
3587:
3578:
3546:
3539:
3515:
3486:
3472:
3466:Borchgrevink
3458:
3445:
3430:
3410:
3395:
3364:
3345:
3338:
3322:
3308:
3299:
3282:
3275:
3256:
3244:
3220:
3206:
3199:
3187:
3173:
3159:
3145:
3138:
3099:
3091:
3077:
3070:
3068:
3050:
3042:
3035:
3022:
3013:
2975:
2967:
2958:
2951:
2939:
2932:
2918:
2906:Pourquoi-Pas
2905:
2897:
2889:
2881:
2876:Orcadas Base
2874:
2866:
2853:
2847:C. A. Larsen
2835:
2827:
2813:
2806:
2793:
2785:
2779:Borchgrevink
2772:
2764:
2721:
2713:
2688:C. A. Larsen
2681:
2662:
2653:
2635:
2617:
2608:
2595:
2580:
2571:
2558:
2519:
2505:
2498:
2479:
2464:
2374:
2367:
2350:
2343:
2329:
2314:
2300:
2287:
2262:
2248:
2246:
2232:
2230:
2224:
2222:
2188:
2181:
2162:
2128:
2126:
2112:
2110:
2092:
2082:
2080:
2060:
2058:
2039:
1915:
1873:
1856:
1824:
1788:
1786:
1766:
1765:
1745:
1744:
1730:
1717:
1702:
1688:
1679:
1666:
1637:
1625:Investigator
1624:
1615:
1591:
1578:
1570:
1561:
1548:
1519:
1496:
1481:
1466:
1436:
1421:
1391:
1310:
1290:
1261:
1257:Erik the Red
1239:
1217:
1210:
1167:submersibles
1164:
1158:Arktika 2007
1156:
1149:
1142:
1139:
1123:
1114:
1111:
1092:
1090:
1083:
1076:
1047:
1040:
1016:
1002:
1001:
993:
991:
957:
955:
926:
923:
912:S. A. Andrée
904:
891:
866:
858:
855:
831:
813:
800:
791:
773:
764:
762:
728:
593:Open Library
560:
534:
529:Mowat, F. M.
511:
483:
456:
447:Bibliography
433:
406:
394:
376:
350:
339:
327:
308:
302:
287:
284:
272:
261:
253:
251:
223:
216:
201:
163:
155:Hans Hendrik
154:
153:
132:
80:(1889-08-11)
25:Hans Hendrik
18:
3739:1889 deaths
3734:1832 births
3366:Lake Vostok
3316:Tryoshnikov
3238:Schlossbach
3129:Christensen
3071:James Caird
2992:E. R. Evans
2758:Dobrowolski
2728:de Gerlache
2430:Expeditions
2316:Aviaarktika
2270:Samoylovich
2141:Kolomeitsev
2035:Middendorff
1995:Gedenshtrom
1415:I. Fyodorov
1177:Chilingarov
1065:E. Fyodorov
672:Expeditions
539:. Toronto:
345:Smith Sound
187:Expeditions
181:Fiskenæsset
159:Greenlandic
115:Expeditions
101:Greenlandic
97:Nationality
64:Fiskenæsset
60:2 June 1832
3728:Categories
3589:Terra Nova
3494:Shackleton
3437:J. C. Ross
3396:Resolution
3386:South Pole
3161:New Swabia
3085:Mackintosh
3057:Shackleton
2976:Terra Nova
2969:Terra Nova
2703:Heroic Age
2663:Challenger
2623:J. C. Ross
2533:Bransfield
2465:Resolution
2380:icebreaker
2344:Chelyuskin
2085:expedition
2063:Expedition
2005:Matyushkin
1963:Kh. Laptev
1958:Chelyuskin
1852:Heemskerck
1842:Chancellor
1837:Willoughby
1832:Koch boats
1775:Stefansson
1709:McClintock
1673:Inglefield
1515:J. C. Ross
1422:Resolution
1274:Cunningham
1172:Sagalevich
861:expedition
820:Stephenson
780:C. F. Hall
767:expedition
741:J. C. Ross
704:Heemskerck
691:North Pole
564:. Boston:
460:. London:
426:Mowat 1973
411:Mowat 1973
399:Mowat 1973
386:1048791295
290:expedition
275:expedition
135:expedition
56:1832-06-02
3749:Castaways
3688:Tolstikov
3474:Discovery
3444:HMS
3429:HMS
3411:Adventure
3409:HMS
3394:HMS
3330:Tolstikov
3051:Endurance
2836:Antarctic
2821:Drygalski
2794:Discovery
2787:Discovery
2748:Arctowski
2661:HMS
2634:HMS
2628:Abernethy
2616:HMS
2594:USS
2581:Vincennes
2579:USS
2559:Astrolabe
2499:San Telmo
2480:Adventure
2478:HMS
2463:HMS
2458:Kerguelen
2420:Continent
2405:Antarctic
2282:Urvantsev
2240:Vilkitsky
2093:Jeannette
2091:USS
2083:Jeannette
2047:Weyprecht
2025:Pakhtusov
1975:Chichagov
1968:D. Laptev
1911:Permyakov
1886:Stadukhin
1881:Perfilyev
1858:Mangazeya
1796:H. Larsen
1761:Rasmussen
1716:HMS
1687:USS
1636:HMS
1623:HMS
1587:Collinson
1577:HMS
1569:HMS
1547:HMS
1495:HMS
1480:HMS
1465:HMS
1450:Mackenzie
1437:Discovery
1435:HMS
1420:HMS
1392:Discovery
1371:Frobisher
1334:Rasmussen
1247:Gunnbjörn
1193:Greenland
1122:USS
1113:USS
985:Ellsworth
927:Roosevelt
857:Nansen's
814:Discovery
812:HMS
799:HMS
746:Abernethy
714:Marmaduke
574:465629159
521:769247777
470:716198107
355:Footnotes
338:HMS
311:Ebierbing
266:Upernavik
242:Cape York
169:Kalaallit
3700:A. Fuchs
3657:V. Fuchs
3637:McKinley
3600:E. Evans
3559:Bjaaland
3554:Amundsen
3504:Marshall
3417:Furneaux
3269:V. Fuchs
3233:E. Ronne
3228:F. Ronne
3167:Ritscher
3021:SY
3009:Filchner
2953:Framheim
2947:Amundsen
2753:Racoviță
2738:Amundsen
2733:Lecointe
2602:Ringgold
2596:Porpoise
2486:Furneaux
2322:Shevelev
2277:Begichev
2256:Amundsen
2218:Nagórski
2196:Brusilov
2190:Sv. Anna
2104:Melville
2074:Palander
2030:Tsivolko
1990:Sannikov
1985:Billings
1928:Chirikov
1847:Barentsz
1789:St. Roch
1780:Bartlett
1754:Amundsen
1738:Sverdrup
1638:Resolute
1527:Franklin
1455:Kotzebue
1322:Sverdrup
1305:Scoresby
1279:Lindenov
1130:Plaisted
1115:Nautilus
1060:Shirshov
1034:Belyakov
1029:Baydukov
1003:Nautilus
965:Amundsen
925:SS
884:Sverdrup
879:Johansen
849:Brainard
844:Lockwood
699:Barentsz
531:(1973).
509:(1859).
298:apoplexy
264:reached
3705:Messner
3652:Hillary
3632:Balchen
3580:Polheim
3574:Wisting
3452:Crozier
3424:Weddell
3402:J. Cook
3372:Kapitsa
3353:Fiennes
3295:Klenova
3264:Hillary
3214:Ketchum
3140:BANZARE
3115:·
2960:Polheim
2926:Shirase
2912:Charcot
2722:Belgica
2641:Crozier
2553:Morrell
2548:Weddell
2526:Lazarev
2471:J. Cook
2425:History
2375:Arktika
2351:Krassin
2336:Voronin
2308:Schmidt
2294:Ushakov
2233:Vaygach
2201:Albanov
2170:Rusanov
2151:Kolchak
2146:Matisen
2120:Makarov
2099:De Long
2000:Wrangel
1980:Lyakhov
1933:Malygin
1891:Dezhnev
1718:Pandora
1689:Advance
1656:Kennedy
1651:Belcher
1644:Kellett
1631:McClure
1555:Beechey
1549:Blossom
1542:Simpson
1510:Crozier
1503:Hoppner
1460:J. Ross
1428:J. Cook
1376:Gilbert
1269:J. Hall
1235:Ingólfr
1225:Naddodd
1219:Vikings
1206:Brendan
1201:Pytheas
1189:Iceland
1143:Arktika
1135:Herbert
1100:Badygin
1070:Krenkel
1055:Papanin
1024:Chkalov
1010:Wilkins
975:Wisting
919:F. Cook
825:Markham
785:Bessels
774:Polaris
765:Polaris
736:J. Ross
719:Carolus
667:History
462:Trübner
332:in the
303:Polaris
288:Polaris
273:Polaris
164:Suersaq
133:Polaris
86:Godhavn
32:Suersaq
3615:Bowers
3610:Wilson
3569:Hassel
3564:Helmer
3533:Mackay
3523:Mawson
3488:Nimrod
3446:Terror
3431:Erebus
3358:Burton
3153:Rymill
3029:Mawson
3023:Aurora
3002:Lashly
2987:Wilson
2890:Nimrod
2867:Scotia
2674:Murray
2649:Cooper
2636:Terror
2618:Erebus
2587:Wilkes
2538:Palmer
2506:Vostok
2453:Bouvet
2377:-class
2357:Gakkel
2225:Taymyr
2206:Konrad
2175:Kuchin
2113:Yermak
2020:Lavrov
1938:Ovtsyn
1923:Bering
1901:Ivanov
1864:Hudson
1826:Pomors
1803:Cowper
1768:Karluk
1667:Isabel
1661:Bellot
1611:Austin
1579:Terror
1571:Erebus
1467:Griper
1443:Clerke
1403:Baffin
1386:Hudson
1317:Nansen
1230:Garðar
1151:Barneo
1018:ANT-25
994:Italia
970:Nobile
939:Henson
898:Amedeo
874:Nansen
839:Greely
709:Hudson
647:Arctic
572:
547:
519:
495:
468:
384:
256:under
3695:Crary
3642:Dufek
3605:Oates
3595:Scott
3528:David
3509:Adams
3480:Barne
3301:Mirny
3290:Somov
3100:Quest
2997:Crean
2982:Scott
2861:Bruce
2815:Gauss
2808:Gauss
2682:Jason
2669:Nares
2543:Davis
2520:Mirny
2493:Smith
2448:Roché
2368:Lenin
2288:Sadko
2213:Wiese
2158:Sedov
2129:Zarya
2052:Payer
2015:Litke
2010:Anjou
1943:Minin
1906:Vagin
1896:Popov
1869:Poole
1724:Young
1537:Dease
1482:Hecla
1473:Parry
1398:Bylot
1381:Davis
1356:Cabot
1329:Peary
1311:Jason
1298:Egede
1212:Papar
1124:Skate
1105:Wiese
1085:NP-37
1078:NP-36
958:Norge
946:Sedov
934:Peary
892:Jason
807:Nares
801:Alert
756:Hayes
724:Parry
662:Ocean
340:Alert
219:Inuit
3627:Byrd
3548:Fram
3499:Wild
3181:Marr
3147:BGLE
3134:Byrd
3062:Wild
2941:Fram
2743:Cook
2264:AARI
2249:Maud
2136:Toll
2061:Vega
1747:Gjøa
1732:Fram
1695:Kane
1532:Back
1497:Fury
1488:Lyon
1410:Munk
1049:NP-1
951:Byrd
868:Fram
859:Fram
751:Kane
570:OCLC
545:ISBN
517:OCLC
493:ISBN
466:OCLC
382:OCLC
177:Inuk
75:Died
50:Born
3324:3rd
3310:2nd
3284:1st
3117:IGY
3113:IPY
1703:Fox
1599:Rae
1165:Mir
1141:NS
591:at
343:at
232:on
3730::
2229:/
568:.
543:.
491:.
481:.
464:.
418:^
362:^
183:.
161::
88:,
66:,
2706:"
2700:"
2643:)
2639:(
2630:)
2621:(
626:e
619:t
612:v
576:.
553:.
523:.
501:.
472:.
388:.
157:(
58:)
54:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)