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200:, the normal day-to-day operating group in Māori society seems to have been the smaller whānau. Each hapū had its own chief and normally operated independently of the tribe (iwi) group. By the 1820s Māori had realised the economic benefits of working in larger groups—especially when it came to trading with ships. The larger hapū could work more effectively to produce surplus
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migrations that hapū size and names were volatile, with hapū splitting into sister groups when they grew in size or when migrating. New hapū often adopted names from events associated with the migration. Likewise the same group of people would change their name according to different circumstances.
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iwi had five named hapū ranging in size from 51 to 165 people. Some were apparently overlooked, as an iwi register from 1874 showed two more hapū, but these had only 22 and 44 members respectively. The hapū of this iwi ranged in size from 22 to 188. In 1874, hapū still had a small male-female
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noted that even in times of war against another iwi, hapū usually operated independently. In the period of the Musket Wars (1807–1842) many of the battles involved fighting between competing hapū rather than different iwi. It was not uncommon for two hapū from the same iwi to clash.
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states the double meanings of the word hapū emphasise the importance of being born into a hapū group. As a metaphor this is "the members being born of the same womb", and "conveys the idea of growth, indicating that a hapū is capable of containing many whānau."
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imbalance overall with 6 of the 7 iwi having far more males than females. In the four-year period between the census and the register, all the hapū had grown significantly—at a time when popular opinion had it that the Māori population was in decline.
212:(1807–1842). Hapū would unite politically under their own chief, to form much larger armies of up to several thousand warriors, although it was common for hapū to retain independence within the larger group.
43:") functions as "the basic political unit within Māori society". A Māori person can belong to or have links to many hapū. Historically, each hapū had its own chief and normally operated independently of its
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gained 17. These population gains were at a time when the iwi had land confiscated by the government for their support of various anti-government movements. Some hapū in other iwi were larger.
246:, different hapū or comparatively small groups of individuals sold half of all the blocks sold under the Treaty. Richmond said that hapū or small groups sold all the land sold north of
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literally means "pregnant", and its usage in a socio-political context is a metaphor for the genealogical connection that unites hapū members. Similarly, the Māori word for land,
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and pigs in exchange for blankets, tobacco, axes and trade muskets. In warfare the hapū operated as the standard grouping for warriors during the period of the
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Hapū: a sub-tribe; most iwi are comprised of two or more hapū, although a number of smaller iwi have marae but no hapū.
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Name changes primarily asserted rights to resources given to a named hapū, or emphasised a link to an ancestor with
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Hapū were frequently the political unit that sold land to the
Europeans: in the 20 years after the signing of the
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in a particular area. Tau states that hapū names and locations have become more stable in more recent times.
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Appendix to
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He Hïnätore ki te Ao Mäori: A Glimpse into the Mäori World
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75:, can also mean "bones", indicating a link to ancestors.
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501:. Wellington, NZ: Bridget Williams. pp. 20–23.
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401:"...hapū means both pregnant and clan..."
184:Learn how and when to remove this message
432:Te Ara – The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
417:Te Ara – The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
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354:. Wellington, N.Z.:
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762:Tino rangatiratanga
742:Māori King movement
356:Ministry of Justice
27:New Zealand English
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619:Land confiscations
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155:verification
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892:Instruments
592:Musket Wars
252:Hawke's Bay
210:Musket Wars
122:gained 63,
118:gained 28,
1085:Categories
954:Navigation
837:Taha Māori
387:2021-09-18
335:2021-09-18
306:2021-09-18
296:"Glossary"
282:References
272:Wellington
268:Te Āti Awa
250:, some in
120:Ngāti Tama
116:Ngāti Patu
114:gained 8,
107:Whakatōhea
79:Definition
987:Mau rākau
977:Kī-o-rahi
909:Tattooing
870:Kapa haka
852:Whakapapa
795:Mythology
650:Australia
646:Diaspora
469:936552206
258:, in the
254:, in the
217:Ngāi Tahu
124:Ngāti Ira
112:Ngāti Rua
55:The word
51:Etymology
47:(tribe).
1032:Language
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942:Kaitiaki
914:Textiles
822:Religion
785:Funerals
714:Politics
694:Religion
558:Aotearoa
403:, Te Ara
374:50802782
276:Taranaki
248:Auckland
69:placenta
995:Cricket
982:Tapu ae
929:Science
904:Pounamu
800:Deities
780:Cuisine
772:Culture
634:Society
587:Moriori
567:History
260:Waikato
134:History
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704:Whānau
667:Hauora
612:Kūpapa
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264:Raglan
198:Pākehā
93:whānau
64:whenua
964:Sport
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887:Music
682:Marae
548:Māori
381:(PDF)
23:Māori
875:Haka
862:Arts
847:Taua
832:Tapu
790:Mana
672:Hapū
580:waka
483:ISBN
465:OCLC
455:ISBN
370:OCLC
360:ISBN
274:and
222:mana
202:flax
58:hapū
41:clan
34:hapū
29:, a
25:and
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677:Iwi
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164:by
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