230:
1215:
306:
406:
374:. The Queen's Hospital opened in June 1917, and with its convalescent units provided over 1,000 beds. There, Gillies and his colleagues developed many innovative plastic surgery techniques; more than 11,000 operations were performed on over 5,000 men. The hospital, later to become
440:
Gillies acted as a consultant to the
Ministry of Health, the RAF and the Admiralty. He organised plastic surgery units in various parts of Britain and inspired colleagues to do the same, including pioneering plastic surgeon Stewart Harrison who founded the plastic surgery unit at
44:
355:. He saw him remove a tumour on a patient's face, and cover it with jaw skin taken from the patient. Gillies became enthusiastic about the work and on his return to England persuaded the army's chief surgeon,
1599:
1514:
567:
on the front of that house now commemorates his life and work. In
Cambridge, in 2015, Gonville and Caius College built twelve houses and named the road "Gillies Close" (
370:
The ward rapidly proved inadequate for the increasingly large number of patients in need of treatment, and a new hospital devoted to facial repairs was developed at
1524:
1604:
1554:
501:, at 20 Devonshire Place, Marylebone. Despite earning an estimated £30,000 per year between the First and Second World Wars he left an estate of only £21,161.
344:, who was not allowed to operate unsupervised but was attempting to develop jaw repair work. Gillies, eager after seeing Valadier experimenting with nascent
1395:
953:"Harold Gillies, pioneer of modern plastic surgery, and Donald Morton, pioneer of modern surgical oncology: Master problem-solvers and surgical role models"
1302:
Slevin, Tom (2008). "The Wound and the First World War: 'Cartesian' Surgeries to
Embodied Being in Psychoanalysis, Electrification and Skin Grafting".
1574:
549:
670:
1594:
1539:
808:
1569:
847:
482:
On his work for Cowell and Dillon, Gillies remarked: “If it gives real happiness, that is the most that any surgeon or medicine can give.”
1589:
1534:
417:, including many famous patients, and travelled extensively, lecturing, teaching and promoting the most advanced techniques worldwide.
205:
29:
1149:
517:
in World War II. John was shot down over France on 23 May 1940, and became a POW for the duration of the war. Harold's youngest son
509:
Gillies married
Kathleen Margaret Jackson on 9 November 1911, in London. They had four children. His eldest son, John Gillies, flew
276:, where despite a stiff elbow sustained sliding down the banisters at home as a child, he was an excellent sportsman. He was a golf
880:
394:
265:
209:
171:
33:
1092:
1519:
1584:
1272:
784:
383:
273:
99:
1559:
1458:
728:
292:
and won the Luther Holden
Research Scholarship in 1910. He was also Lecturer on Plastic Surgery in that medical school.
1359:
533:
697:
229:
1544:
1529:
1248:
733:
606:
472:. In 1951 he and colleagues carried out one of the first modern gender-affirming surgeries, from male to female, on
461:
Instead of retiring at the end of the Second World War
Gillies had to keep working as he had insufficient savings.
375:
568:
494:
at the age of 78 while undertaking a major operation on the damaged leg of an 18-year-old girl on 3 August 1960.
1564:
1399:
428:. This was the point at which McIndoe became committed to plastic surgery, in which he too became pre-eminent.
288:
medical practice. At Caius he became a freemason and rose to be Master of Caius Lodge. Gilles was a student at
997:
1021:
Indian
Journal of Plastic Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Plastic Surgeons of India
536:
in 1908, 1925, 1926 and 1927. He won the 1913 St. George's Grand
Challenge Cup and was runner-up in the 1914
1415:
425:
289:
1454:
925:
583:
360:
269:
822:
1579:
1474:
1150:"Transgender Pioneers: Roberta Cowell, Michael Dillon and Harold Gillies - Thackray Museum of Medicine"
537:
952:
674:
1549:
465:
341:
333:
1332:
885:
450:
277:
1435:
776:
The facemaker : a visionary surgeon's battle to mend the disfigured soldiers of World War I
1218:
1122:
518:
356:
755:
545:
390:
221:
for the techniques he devised to repair the faces of soldiers coming back from the trenches.
1509:
1504:
1261:
Reconstructing Faces: The Art and
Wartime Surgery of Gillies, Pickerill, McIndoe and Mowlem
529:
510:
442:
257:
1241:
The
Facemaker: A Visionary Surgeon's Battle to Mend the Disfigured Soldiers of World War I
8:
1074:
596:
514:
214:
1479:
1319:
1127:
1051:
1016:
802:
647:
630:
553:
352:
281:
900:
1323:
1278:
1268:
1244:
1056:
1038:
974:
855:
790:
780:
602:
498:
421:
313:
189:
1311:
1046:
1028:
964:
642:
571:
449:, Basingstoke. During this period, and after the war, he trained many doctors from
414:
235:
109:
317:
218:
1290:
969:
671:"Walter Ernest O'Neil Yeo – One of the first people to undergo Plastic Surgery"
522:
473:
469:
241:
183:
794:
320:
in 1917. The photograph shows him before (left) and after (right) receiving a
1498:
1315:
1282:
1042:
1033:
859:
612:
575:
541:
379:
345:
1363:
1060:
978:
823:"BBC - WW2 People's War - Harold Delf Gillies, plastic surgeon (1882-1960)"
774:
723:
446:
437:
349:
321:
177:
1259:
848:"Review | Disfigured soldiers of World War I found a hero in their healer"
479:
Gillies made a visit to New Zealand in 1956 after an absence of 51 years.
340:, near Boulogne, he acted as medical minder to a French-American dentist,
564:
329:
285:
253:
305:
413:
Between the wars Gillies developed a substantial private practice with
309:
87:
579:
560:
364:
1379:
445:, Berkshire. His own work continued at Rooksdown House, part of the
337:
284:. In 1910, he acquired a position working as an ENT specialist for
476:, using a flap technique, which became the standard for 40 years.
424:, to join the practice, and also suggested he apply for a post at
348:
techniques, then decided to leave for Paris, to meet the renowned
249:
68:
43:
1419:
280:
in 1903, 1904 and 1905 and also a rowing blue, competing in the
1229:
491:
405:
371:
532:
every year from 1906 to 1931 and represented England in their
261:
957:
Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery
1439:
464:
In 1946, he and a colleague carried out one of the first
359:, that a facial injury ward should be established at the
456:
409:
Frognal House, formerly Queen Mary's Hospital, in 2002
1600:
Commanders Second Class of the Order of the Dannebrog
881:"'The Facemaker' Review: Repairing the Wounds of War"
213:(17 June 1882 – 10 September 1960) was a New Zealand
1515:
Fellows of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
1243:(Hardback). New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux.
1174:
1172:
1170:
1436:"Harold Delf Gillies, plastic surgeon (1882–1960)"
673:. The Yeo Society. 28 August 2008. Archived from
389:For his war services Gillies was knighted in the
1496:
1167:
528:Gillies was an amateur golfer. He played in the
1525:Alumni of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge
316:, is assumed to be the first person to receive
1605:New Zealand military personnel of World War I
1555:Surgeons specializing in transgender medicine
1017:"Icon of this issue: Sir Archibald McIndoe"
721:
631:"The Principles and Art of Plastic Surgery"
559:For many years his home was at 71 Frognal,
1360:"Harold Gillies – Aesthetic Reconstructor"
1238:
1120:
807:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
772:
663:
616:The Principles and Art of Plastic Surgery.
386:after whom Sydney, Australia, was named).
42:
1050:
1032:
968:
646:
521:followed his father into medicine. Actor
134:Plastic surgery, sex reassignment surgery
1575:20th-century New Zealand medical doctors
1475:"The First Man-Made Man (first chapter)"
1116:
1114:
950:
695:
589:
404:
304:
228:
1472:
1337:The New York Times (Sunday Book Review)
1330:
998:"Pickerill and Gillies Great War Story"
753:
397:, commented, "Better late than never".
395:Sir William Arbuthnot Lane, 1st Baronet
16:New Zealand plastic surgeon (1882–1960)
1497:
1301:
1257:
1014:
1595:British Army personnel of World War I
1540:Cambridge University Boat Club rowers
1289:
1181:
1111:
992:
990:
988:
628:
497:Gillies died on 10 September 1960 at
274:Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge
100:Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge
1570:20th-century British medical doctors
1222:interview with Leslie Fitzharris on
574:8ZD) in his honour. Gillies Lane at
420:In 1930 Gillies invited his cousin,
1459:Dictionary of New Zealand Biography
1267:. Dunedin: Otago University Press.
729:Dictionary of New Zealand Biography
715:
698:"'Horror of war without its glory'"
696:Modjeska, Drusilla (11 July 2014).
457:Pioneering gender-affirming surgery
400:
13:
1455:"Gillies, Harold Delf (1882–1960)"
985:
14:
1616:
1590:Royal Army Medical Corps officers
1535:Health professionals from Dunedin
1352:
1331:Seymour, Miranda (23 July 2010).
756:"The Embryo Project Encyclopedia"
734:Ministry for Culture and Heritage
1473:Kennedy, Pagan (18 March 2007).
1398:. Surgical Tutor. Archived from
1213:
1192:. 12 September 1960. p. 14.
951:Thompson, J.F. (December 2023).
926:"Pupil speeches honour soldiers"
504:
382:(the birthplace and property of
1382:. Queen Mary's Hospital, Sidcup
1200:
1142:
1085:
1067:
1008:
944:
918:
760:Harold Delf Gillies (1882-1960)
431:
154:
1295:Gillies: Surgeon Extraordinary
901:"The birth of plastic surgery"
893:
873:
840:
815:
766:
754:McInnis, Riley (31 May 2022).
747:
689:
586:, similarly commemorates him.
300:
1:
1520:New Zealand otolaryngologists
1015:Pandya, Wg Cdr Ankur (2015).
930:Otago Daily Times Online News
656:
534:annual match against Scotland
384:Thomas Townshend, Lord Sydney
224:
120:
1585:New Zealand plastic surgeons
1438:. WW2 People's War Archive.
1396:"Harold Gillies (1882–1960)"
1239:Fitzharris, Lindsey (2022).
1121:Mary Roach (18 March 2007).
779:(First ed.). New York.
773:Fitzharris, Lindsey (2022).
598:Plastic Surgery of the Face.
453:nations in plastic surgery.
7:
1560:Hill-McIndoe-Gillies family
1297:(Hardback). Michael Joseph.
584:Cambridge Military Hospital
548:in 1925. His older brother
361:Cambridge Military Hospital
270:Whanganui Collegiate School
112:and pioneer plastic surgeon
10:
1621:
1258:Meikle, Murray C. (2013).
970:10.1016/j.bjps.2023.09.047
622:
601:Henry Frowde. 1920, 1983.
538:Golf Illustrated Gold Vase
490:Gillies suffered a slight
328:Following the outbreak of
312:, a sailor injured at the
1362:. NZ Edge. Archived from
1212:
1207:
702:The Sydney Morning Herald
426:St Bartholomew's Hospital
295:
290:St Bartholomew's Hospital
164:
144:Kathleen Margaret Jackson
138:
130:
116:
105:
95:
76:
50:
41:
23:
1545:New Zealand male golfers
1530:British plastic surgeons
1316:10.1177/1357034X08090697
1034:10.4103/0970-0358.173100
485:
466:gender-affirming surgery
342:Auguste Charles Valadier
334:Royal Army Medical Corps
272:and studied medicine at
886:The Wall Street Journal
468:from female to male on
233:Gillies caricatured in
202:Sir Harold Delf Gillies
1188:"Sir Harold Gillies".
724:"Gillies, Harold Delf"
722:Wright-St Clair, Rex.
519:Michael Thomas Gillies
410:
357:William Arbuthnot-Lane
336:. Initially posted to
325:
245:
1565:20th-century surgeons
1099:. London. 7 July 2011
629:Davis, A. D. (1957).
590:Selected publications
447:Park Prewett Hospital
408:
391:1930 Birthday Honours
376:Queen Mary's Hospital
324:performed by Gillies.
308:
232:
217:and father of modern
1154:thackraymuseum.co.uk
1123:"Girls Will Be Boys"
905:National Army Museum
530:Amateur Championship
443:Wexham Park Hospital
258:Member of Parliament
248:Gillies was born in
1097:The Daily Telegraph
1075:"Archibald McIndoe"
635:California Medicine
525:is his descendant.
515:No. 92 Squadron RAF
492:cerebral thrombosis
55:Harold Delf Gillies
1480:The New York Times
1380:"Gillies Archives"
1366:on 16 October 2009
1128:The New York Times
1093:"Stewart Harrison"
618:Butterworth. 1958.
554:Australian Amateur
546:President's Putter
411:
353:Hippolyte Morestin
326:
246:
25:Sir Harold Gillies
1580:Archibald McIndoe
1274:978-1-877578-39-7
1235:
1234:
1178:Meikle. Page 196.
1079:nzhistory.govt.nz
1002:nzhistory.govt.nz
786:978-0-374-71966-1
499:The London Clinic
422:Archibald McIndoe
314:Battle of Jutland
199:
198:
190:Archibald McIndoe
117:Years active
90:, London, England
80:10 September 1960
1612:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1422:on 28 April 2007
1418:. Archived from
1416:"Project Facade"
1411:
1409:
1407:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1327:
1304:Body and Society
1298:
1286:
1266:
1254:
1217:
1216:
1205:
1204:
1194:
1193:
1185:
1179:
1176:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1118:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1071:
1065:
1064:
1054:
1036:
1012:
1006:
1005:
1004:. 8 August 2014.
994:
983:
982:
972:
948:
942:
941:
939:
937:
922:
916:
915:
913:
911:
897:
891:
890:
877:
871:
870:
868:
866:
854:. 13 July 2022.
844:
838:
837:
835:
833:
819:
813:
812:
806:
798:
770:
764:
763:
751:
745:
744:
742:
740:
719:
713:
712:
710:
708:
693:
687:
686:
684:
682:
667:
652:
650:
415:Rainsford Mowlem
401:Private practice
286:Sir Milsom Rees'
238:'s Personalities
215:otolaryngologist
212:
158:
156:
125:
122:
110:Otolaryngologist
83:
64:
62:
46:
36:
21:
20:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1550:Amateur golfers
1495:
1494:
1485:
1483:
1463:
1461:
1453:
1444:
1442:
1434:
1425:
1423:
1414:
1405:
1403:
1394:
1385:
1383:
1378:
1369:
1367:
1358:
1355:
1342:
1340:
1291:Pound, Reginald
1275:
1264:
1251:
1214:
1208:External videos
1203:
1198:
1197:
1187:
1186:
1182:
1177:
1168:
1158:
1156:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1133:
1131:
1119:
1112:
1102:
1100:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1013:
1009:
996:
995:
986:
949:
945:
935:
933:
932:. 11 April 2017
924:
923:
919:
909:
907:
899:
898:
894:
879:
878:
874:
864:
862:
852:Washington Post
846:
845:
841:
831:
829:
821:
820:
816:
800:
799:
787:
771:
767:
752:
748:
738:
736:
720:
716:
706:
704:
694:
690:
680:
678:
677:on 28 July 2018
669:
668:
664:
659:
625:
592:
507:
488:
459:
434:
403:
318:plastic surgery
303:
298:
227:
219:plastic surgery
204:
195:
160:
157: 1911)
152:
148:
145:
123:
96:Alma mater
91:
85:
81:
72:
66:
60:
58:
57:
56:
37:
28:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1618:
1608:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1493:
1492:
1470:
1451:
1432:
1412:
1392:
1376:
1354:
1353:External links
1351:
1350:
1349:
1328:
1299:
1287:
1273:
1255:
1249:
1233:
1232:
1226:, 11 July 2022
1210:
1209:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1180:
1166:
1141:
1110:
1084:
1066:
1027:(3): 234–235.
1007:
984:
943:
917:
892:
889:. 27 May 2022.
872:
839:
814:
785:
765:
746:
714:
688:
661:
660:
658:
655:
654:
653:
624:
621:
620:
619:
609:
591:
588:
523:Daniel Gillies
506:
503:
487:
484:
474:Roberta Cowell
470:Michael Dillon
458:
455:
433:
430:
402:
399:
332:he joined the
302:
299:
297:
294:
282:1904 Boat Race
268:. He attended
266:Robert Gillies
242:George Belcher
226:
223:
197:
196:
194:
193:
187:
184:Daniel Gillies
181:
175:
172:Robert Gillies
168:
166:
162:
161:
150:
146:
143:
142:
140:
136:
135:
132:
131:Known for
128:
127:
118:
114:
113:
107:
103:
102:
97:
93:
92:
86:
84:(aged 78)
78:
74:
73:
67:
54:
52:
48:
47:
39:
38:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1617:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1402:on 3 May 2009
1401:
1397:
1393:
1381:
1377:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1356:
1338:
1334:
1333:"Carrying on"
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1270:
1263:
1262:
1256:
1252:
1250:9780374282301
1246:
1242:
1237:
1236:
1231:
1227:
1225:
1224:The Facemaker
1221:
1211:
1206:
1191:
1184:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1155:
1151:
1145:
1130:
1129:
1124:
1117:
1115:
1098:
1094:
1088:
1080:
1076:
1070:
1062:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1011:
1003:
999:
993:
991:
989:
980:
976:
971:
966:
962:
958:
954:
947:
931:
927:
921:
906:
902:
896:
888:
887:
882:
876:
861:
857:
853:
849:
843:
828:
827:www.bbc.co.uk
824:
818:
810:
804:
796:
792:
788:
782:
778:
777:
769:
761:
757:
750:
735:
731:
730:
725:
718:
703:
699:
692:
676:
672:
666:
662:
649:
644:
640:
636:
632:
627:
626:
617:
614:
610:
608:
607:0-906923-08-5
604:
600:
599:
594:
593:
587:
585:
582:, the former
581:
577:
576:Gun Hill Park
573:
570:
566:
562:
557:
555:
552:won the 1899
551:
547:
544:. He won the
543:
542:Harold Hilton
539:
535:
531:
526:
524:
520:
516:
512:
505:Personal life
502:
500:
495:
493:
483:
480:
477:
475:
471:
467:
462:
454:
452:
448:
444:
439:
429:
427:
423:
418:
416:
407:
398:
396:
392:
387:
385:
381:
380:Frognal House
377:
373:
368:
366:
362:
358:
354:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
293:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
256:, the son of
255:
251:
243:
239:
237:
231:
222:
220:
216:
211:
207:
203:
191:
188:
185:
182:
179:
176:
173:
170:
169:
167:
163:
141:
137:
133:
129:
119:
115:
111:
108:
106:Occupation(s)
104:
101:
98:
94:
89:
79:
75:
71:, New Zealand
70:
53:
49:
45:
40:
35:
31:
22:
19:
1484:. Retrieved
1478:
1462:. Retrieved
1443:. Retrieved
1424:. Retrieved
1420:the original
1404:. Retrieved
1400:the original
1384:. Retrieved
1368:. Retrieved
1364:the original
1341:. Retrieved
1336:
1310:(2): 39–61.
1307:
1303:
1294:
1260:
1240:
1223:
1219:
1201:Bibliography
1189:
1183:
1157:. Retrieved
1153:
1144:
1132:. Retrieved
1126:
1101:. Retrieved
1096:
1087:
1078:
1069:
1024:
1020:
1010:
1001:
960:
956:
946:
936:14 September
934:. Retrieved
929:
920:
910:11 September
908:. Retrieved
904:
895:
884:
875:
865:14 September
863:. Retrieved
851:
842:
832:14 September
830:. Retrieved
826:
817:
775:
768:
759:
749:
737:. Retrieved
727:
717:
707:14 September
705:. Retrieved
701:
691:
679:. Retrieved
675:the original
665:
638:
634:
615:
611:Gillies HD,
597:
595:Gillies HD.
563:, London. A
558:
527:
508:
496:
489:
481:
478:
463:
460:
451:Commonwealth
438:World War II
435:
432:World War II
419:
412:
388:
369:
350:oral surgeon
327:
322:flap surgery
247:
234:
201:
200:
186:(descendant)
178:Mick Gillies
82:(1960-09-10)
65:17 June 1882
18:
1510:1960 deaths
1505:1882 births
1426:20 February
1406:20 February
1386:20 February
1370:20 February
613:Millard DR.
565:blue plaque
330:World War I
301:World War I
254:New Zealand
124: 1910
1499:Categories
1339:. New York
1265:(Hardback)
795:1317719622
739:31 January
657:References
346:skin graft
310:Walter Yeo
225:Early life
88:Marylebone
61:1882-06-17
1324:144441785
1283:870975648
1190:The Times
1043:0970-0358
963:: 24–32.
860:0190-8286
803:cite book
641:(1): 67.
580:Aldershot
561:Hampstead
540:, behind
511:Spitfires
378:, was at
365:Aldershot
165:Relatives
1486:25 March
1464:25 March
1445:25 March
1293:(1964).
1134:25 March
1103:26 March
1061:26933276
979:37804644
569:postcode
338:Wimereux
192:(cousin)
174:(father)
1220:Q&A
1052:4750255
648:1512094
623:Reviews
550:Charles
436:During
250:Dunedin
159:
151:
147:
69:Dunedin
1322:
1281:
1271:
1247:
1230:C-SPAN
1159:28 May
1059:
1049:
1041:
977:
858:
793:
783:
645:
605:
372:Sidcup
296:Career
244:, 1929
139:Spouse
1343:5 May
1320:S2CID
681:5 May
513:with
486:Death
262:Otago
236:Punch
208:
180:(son)
153:(
149:
126:–1960
32:
1488:2007
1466:2007
1447:2007
1428:2009
1408:2009
1388:2009
1372:2009
1345:2022
1279:OCLC
1269:ISBN
1245:ISBN
1161:2024
1136:2007
1105:2019
1057:PMID
1039:ISSN
975:PMID
938:2024
912:2024
867:2024
856:ISSN
834:2024
809:link
791:OCLC
781:ISBN
741:2021
709:2024
683:2012
603:ISBN
278:blue
210:FRCS
77:Died
51:Born
34:FRCS
1440:BBC
1312:doi
1047:PMC
1029:doi
965:doi
643:PMC
578:in
572:CB5
260:in
240:by
206:OBE
30:OBE
1501::
1477:.
1457:.
1335:.
1318:.
1308:14
1306:.
1277:.
1228:,
1169:^
1152:.
1125:.
1113:^
1095:.
1077:.
1055:.
1045:.
1037:.
1025:48
1023:.
1019:.
1000:.
987:^
973:.
961:87
959:.
955:.
928:.
903:.
883:.
850:.
825:.
805:}}
801:{{
789:.
758:.
732:.
726:.
700:.
639:87
637:.
633:.
556:.
393:.
367:.
363:,
264:,
252:,
155:m.
121:c.
1490:.
1468:.
1449:.
1430:.
1410:.
1390:.
1374:.
1347:.
1326:.
1314::
1285:.
1253:.
1163:.
1138:.
1107:.
1081:.
1063:.
1031::
981:.
967::
940:.
914:.
869:.
836:.
811:)
797:.
762:.
743:.
711:.
685:.
651:.
63:)
59:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
