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Harold L. George

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128: 786: 742: 156: 146: 137: 764: 516: 108: 753: 775: 31: 183: 647:, both hired by George in 1946. In August 1953, Ramo and Wooldridge resigned. George followed a few months later to help form the Ramo-Wooldridge Corporation, competing directly with Hughes by developing ballistic missile defenses. In 1958, Ramo-Wooldridge would merge with Thompson Products, to become Thompson Ramo Wooldridge, which was shortened to 708:
In his directorship of ACTS, George is known today as the unofficial leader of the men in the Army Air Corps who closed ranks and pushed exclusively toward the concept of daylight precision bombing as a strategic, war-winning doctrine. Though he played a fundamental role in the development of U.S.
639:. Eaker and George transformed Hughes Aircraft into a very profitable military contractor, reaching $ 100M in sales in 1948. George expanded the company beyond the manufacture of aircraft to focus on the new field of military electronics, primarily by bringing together expert electronics designer 615:, and expanded the personnel from 11,000 to 300,000. For this major contribution to his country, George received the Distinguished Service Medal, Legion of Merit, Distinguished Flying Cross, and Air Medal, as well as decorations from Great Britain, France, Brazil, Peru and China. 598:
and tasked to become not just a delivery service of aircraft from factory to the field, but a worldwide cargo and personnel air transportation service. George led it brilliantly throughout World War II, with the able assistance of many staff officers including his deputy, General
488:(ACTS) where he helped refine the precision daylight bomber doctrine taught there. He was promoted to captain during the assignment, on December 1, 1931. Following graduation, George became an instructor at ACTS, teaching air tactics and precision bombing doctrine, and became 658:, in 1952, and in 1954 he was elected mayor, a one-year term. He served a second term in 1959. During his second term, George established an annual award to honor outstanding Beverly Hills police officers, given in the name of Clinton H. Anderson, the city's police chief. 618:
After the war he served for a while as director of information for the USAAF and as senior Air Force representative of the military staff of the United Nations. He retired from active duty December 31, 1946, with the rank of lieutenant general dating back to March 1945.
512:". In 1934, George was made director of the Department of Air Tactics and Strategy, and vigorously promoted the doctrine of precision bombing in which massed air fleets of heavy bombers would be commanded independently of naval or ground warfare needs. 718:
presented annually to the pilot, copilot and/or crew of a United States certified commercial airline selected by a Federal Aviation committee to have demonstrated ability, judgment and/or heroism above and beyond normal operational
582:, an estimate of air resources needed in the event of war that became the plan for the air war against Germany. He was promoted to colonel on January 2, 1942, and to brigadier general on April 19, 1942, when he took command of the 610:
New organizations were formed and new cross-ocean routes were established in the face of the enemy and under difficult conditions. George took the ferrying command from 130 obsolescent aircraft to 3,000 modern
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squadrons of the new 2nd Day Bombardment Group, Second Army Air Service. In the week in which it saw action in November 1918, just prior to the armistice, the 163d flew 69 sorties in support of the
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bomber. Promoted to the temporary rank of lieutenant colonel on December 30, 1940, he also filled the position of Executive Officer of the 2nd Bombardment Wing from January 1941.
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and influenced a significant group of airmen passing through the school, ones who had powerful influence during and after World War II. He has been described as the leader of the
1451: 457:, and helped develop air-to-ship tactics. In August 1925, George went to Washington as chief of the Bombardment Section in the Operations Division of the Office of the Chief of 1426: 1421: 583: 709:
air power strategy, he is perhaps better known as the first commander of Air Transport Command—the man who guided and expanded that organization throughout World War II.
433:, Texas. On July 1, 1920, when the Air Service became a combat arm of the line, he transferred to it in the permanent grade of 1st lieutenant. He next served with the 1350: 574:, a unit of the newly created USAAF Air Staff in Washington. In that capacity he assembled a small group of "bomber mafia" members (including Hansell, Kuter, and 988: 883: 693: 532: 1431: 696:. On February 24, 1986, George died in Laguna Hills. He was survived by his wife Violette; three daughters and one son. George was interred at the 931: 595: 301: 204: 1481: 1406: 450: 1501: 666: 1496: 1411: 461:. Later that year, still at the rank of first lieutenant, he was one of several young air officers to testify at Mitchell's court-martial. 1491: 1466: 1169: 768: 238: 1476: 1441: 473: 1359: 352:, and married Anna Virginia Helms on August 10. In October George resigned his reserve commission to become a flying cadet with the 697: 93: 746: 422:
and became convinced that Mitchell's vision of an independent Air Force was the best future direction for the American military.
234: 1261: 304:, taking it from 130 obsolescent aircraft to 3,000 modern transports, operated by 300,000 airmen. Following the war, he helped 399:. George observed that massed bombers, flying in formation, swamped enemy defenses and so reduced the attacker's casualties. 1456: 1416: 879: 1295: 372: 353: 186: 1315: 1378: 1077: 1031: 985: 681: 426: 407: 508:, George researched, debated and codified what the men believed would be a war-winning strategy that Wilson termed " 1436: 677: 551:
as a part of Air Corps goodwill flights in February 1938 and November 1939, and received for his participation the
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Hughes: The Private Diaries, Memos and Letters : the Definitive Biography of the First American Billionaire
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George attended the ASSC School of Military Aeronautics (an eight-week ground school) set up on the campus of
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Research paper submitted to the Research Department at Air Command and Staff College, Maxwell Air Force Base
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has, since 1956, awarded the "Lieutenant General Harold L. George Civilian Airmanship Award", a trophy "
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that September with an initial assignment to the 7th Aviation Instruction Center (bombardment) at
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George was promoted to the temporary rank of major in July 1936. He graduated from the
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Of Courtiers and Kings: More Stories of Supreme Court Law Clerks and Their Justices
837: 536: 380: 1368: 1319: 1299: 1173: 1017: 992: 873:"Biographical Data on Air Force General Officers, 1917-1952, Volume 1 – A thru L" 757: 640: 628: 520: 305: 242: 1352:
Anonymous Warrior: The Contributions of Harold L. George to Strategic Air Power.
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as a reserve officer. A month later, he went on active duty with the Cavalry at
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with the development of a complete aircraft production and bombing strategy.
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bestows the "Lieutenant General Harold Lee George Educational Grant Award."
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In 1991 he was inducted into the Airlift/Tanker Association Hall of Fame.
543:, the following year and returned to Langley as commanding officer of the 752: 685: 600: 340:
and on May 21, 1917, received his commission as second lieutenant in the
333: 286:. George helped shape America's bomber strategy for the war by assisting 214: 644: 454: 392: 82: 843:
List of accidents and incidents involving military aircraft (pre-1925)
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After moving there in 1948, George was elected to the City Council of
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Laguna-Hills, California (CA) Political Contributions by Individuals.
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List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 3)
779: 345: 246: 676:. That year, he collected and donated more than $ 21,000 to various 524: 282:, the men who advocated for an independent military arm composed of 774: 648: 446: 349: 263: 30: 481: 402:
In 1919, George clerked part time for U.S. Supreme Court Justice
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become a very profitable company, and was twice elected mayor of
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In July 1941, George was appointed assistant chief of staff for
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pioneer who helped shape and promote the concept of daylight
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Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
1064:. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia Press. p. 69. 563:, which in 1937 had become the first unit equipped with the 1447:
United States Army Command and General Staff College alumni
449:, from 1921 to 1925. There George assisted Mitchell in his 297:, and served as that organization's first Wing Commander. 669:. George was relieved from active duty November 4, 1955. 1472:
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
1193:"Harold L. George, Ex-Beverly Hills Mayor, Dies at 93." 375:
and a new commission on March 28, 1918. George went to
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United States Army Air Forces generals of World War II
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Air Force History and Museums Program. Third imprint.
882:. pp. 642–644. USAF historical studies: no. 91. 1427:
Law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States
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United States Army Air Service pilots of World War I
262:(July 19, 1893 – February 24, 1986) was an American 1361:
History of the Air Corps Tactical School 1920–1940.
661:In 1955, George was recalled to active duty in the 864: 1388: 665:for eight months as a special consultant to the 328:, but decided to interrupt his studies when the 965:Davis-Monthan Aviation Field Register. People: 797: 104: 1333:"Airlift/Tanker Association Hall of Fame 1991" 1209:"Clinton H. Anderson; Ex-Beverly Hills Chief." 1060:Cushman, Clare, Todd C. Peppers, eds. (2015). 961: 959: 957: 955: 953: 951: 949: 519:Majors Harold L. George, Vincent L. Meloy and 324:, to Horace and Susan E. George. He attended 946: 1023:Air Warfare: An International Encyclopedia 1013: 1011: 1009: 1007: 1005: 1003: 1001: 425:After the war, George was assigned to the 29: 16:United States Air Force general, born 1893 1432:National University School of Law alumni 926: 924: 698:United States Air Force Academy Cemetery 514: 94:United States Air Force Academy Cemetery 1184: 1182: 1107: 998: 922: 920: 918: 916: 914: 912: 910: 908: 906: 904: 870: 1389: 1349:Edkins, Craig R., Major, USAF. (1997) 1045: 1036: 559:. In 1940, George took command of the 1482:People from Beverly Hills, California 1407:People from Somerville, Massachusetts 1253: 1241:. U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs 986:"Origins of The Order of Daedalians." 932:"Lieutenant General Harold L. George" 293:In 1934, George helped institute the 1502:People from Laguna Hills, California 1179: 901: 889:from the original on August 31, 2021 880:Air Force Historical Research Agency 827:Lieutenant General - March 16, 1945. 635:, along with fellow bomber advocate 622: 594:In June 1942, ACFC was redesignated 553:Order of the Southern Cross (Knight) 464:In July 1929, George was ordered to 383:. Two months later he was posted to 300:During World War II, George led the 1497:Mayors of Beverly Hills, California 1412:George Washington University alumni 413: 354:Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps 35:Lieutenant General Harold L. George 13: 815:Lieutenant Colonel - February 1941 373:rating of Reserve Military Aviator 320:George was born July 19, 1893, in 14: 1513: 1492:20th-century American politicians 1467:Recipients of the Legion of Merit 1259: 476:. In September, 1931, he went to 408:National University School of Law 406:, and graduated in 1920 from the 1477:United States Air Force generals 1442:Air Corps Tactical School alumni 803:Second Lieutenant - May 21, 1917 784: 773: 762: 751: 740: 589: 533:Command and General Staff School 270:. An outspoken proponent of the 181: 154: 144: 135: 126: 106: 1325: 1313:"Named Education Grant Awards." 1305: 1285: 1276: 1227: 1214: 1198: 1159: 1143: 1134: 1125: 1116: 315: 1176:Retrieved on January 25, 2010. 1083: 1054: 974: 821:Brigadier General - April 1942 731: 672:By 1984, George was living in 627:George accepted a position at 1: 1224:Retrieved on January 2, 2010. 1211:Retrieved on January 2, 2010. 1195:Retrieved on January 2, 2010. 1156:Retrieved on January 2, 2010. 995:Retrieved on January 2, 2010. 971:. Retrieved on July 17, 2009. 853: 806:First Lieutenant - April 1921 798:Effective dates of promotion 332:became directly involved in 326:George Washington University 7: 1457:Recipients of the Air Medal 1417:United States Army officers 1322:Retrieved on July 17, 2009. 1302:Retrieved on July 17, 2009. 1165:The City of Beverly Hills. 871:Fogerty, Robert P. (1953). 831: 809:Captain - December 31, 1931 791:Order of the Southern Cross 747:Distinguished Service Medal 694:"Helms for Senate" campaign 690:National Congressional Club 492:leader of the influential " 252:Order of the Southern Cross 235:Distinguished Service Medal 10: 1518: 1026:, ABC-CLIO, 2002, p. 252. 769:Distinguished Flying Cross 584:Air Corps Ferrying Command 239:Distinguished Flying Cross 1358:Finney, Robert T. (1998) 824:Major General - June 1942 703: 656:Beverly Hills, California 643:and engineer-businessman 603:, peacetime president of 555:, from the government of 545:96th Bombardment Squadron 486:Air Corps Tactical School 441:, Virginia, and with the 435:14th Bombardment Squadron 427:49th Bombardment Squadron 322:Somerville, Massachusetts 310:Beverly Hills, California 276:Air Corps Tactical School 230: 210: 197:96th Bombardment Squadron 192: 177: 167: 120: 100: 88: 68: 48: 40: 28: 21: 1239:Veterans Legacy Memorial 674:Laguna Hills, California 667:Air Force Chief of Staff 420:William "Billy" Mitchell 1437:Aerial warfare pioneers 1311:Air Force Aid Society. 1150:Encyclopædia Britannica 663:United States Air Force 468:for two years with the 443:Aberdeen Proving Ground 397:Meuse-Argonne Offensive 274:, George taught at the 220:Meuse-Argonne Offensive 162:United States Air Force 1487:California Republicans 1367:Hack, Richard. (2007) 1092:Official Army Register 818:Colonel - January 1942 572:Air War Plans Division 528: 523:as goodwill pilots to 418:In France, George met 410:with an LL.B. degree. 363:and learned to fly at 288:Air War Plans Division 1291:Order of Daedalians. 1262:"The Tactical School" 1207:, December 16, 1989. 982:Air University Review 789:1939 - Knight of the 723:Air Force Aid Society 596:Air Transport Command 518: 510:industrial web theory 451:bombing demonstration 302:Air Transport Command 272:industrial web theory 205:Air Transport Command 168:Years of service 132:U.S. Army Air Service 1264:. AIR FORCE Magazine 984:, July–August 1984. 736:George was awarded: 565:B-17 Flying Fortress 561:2d Bombardment Group 361:Princeton University 336:. George joined the 201:2d Bombardment Group 150:U.S. Army Air Forces 1282:Edkins, 1997, p. 1. 1235:"Harold Lee George" 1140:Hack, 2007, p. 187. 1131:Hack, 2007, p. 180. 1122:Finney, 1998, p. 66 1113:Edkins, 1997, p. 2. 1051:Edkins, 1997, p. 7. 1042:Edkins, 1997, p. 5. 714:Order of Daedalians 682:conservative causes 613:military transports 470:5th Composite Group 295:Order of Daedalians 141:U.S. Army Air Corps 1318:2010-02-17 at the 1298:2009-06-11 at the 1191:, March 30, 1986. 1172:2011-09-27 at the 991:2017-01-07 at the 980:George, Harold L. 700:on March 3, 1986. 529: 498:Haywood S. Hansell 484:, to study at the 389:163d Aero Squadron 338:United States Army 187:Lieutenant General 1373:, Phoenix Books. 1293:"List of Awards". 1205:Los Angeles Times 1189:Los Angeles Times 968:Harold Lee George 812:Major - July 1936 623:Post-war activity 605:American Airlines 576:Kenneth N. Walker 547:. George flew to 502:Laurence S. Kuter 385:Ourches-sur-Meuse 268:precision bombing 260:Harold Lee George 257: 256: 72:February 24, 1986 44:Harold Lee George 1509: 1337: 1336: 1329: 1323: 1309: 1303: 1289: 1283: 1280: 1274: 1273: 1271: 1269: 1257: 1251: 1250: 1248: 1246: 1231: 1225: 1218: 1212: 1202: 1196: 1186: 1177: 1163: 1157: 1147: 1141: 1138: 1132: 1129: 1123: 1120: 1114: 1111: 1105: 1104: 1102: 1100: 1087: 1081: 1058: 1052: 1049: 1043: 1040: 1034: 1020:; Michael Fopp. 1018:Boyne, Walter J. 1015: 996: 978: 972: 963: 944: 943: 941: 939: 934:. U.S. Air Force 928: 899: 898: 896: 894: 888: 877: 868: 838:Aviation history 788: 777: 766: 755: 744: 678:Republican Party 537:Fort Leavenworth 414:Bombing advocate 404:James McReynolds 393:DH-4B day bomber 381:Clermont-Ferrand 371:, receiving his 185: 160: 158: 157: 148: 139: 130: 122: 116: 112: 110: 109: 75: 33: 23:Harold L. George 19: 18: 1517: 1516: 1512: 1511: 1510: 1508: 1507: 1506: 1387: 1386: 1383: 1340: 1331: 1330: 1326: 1320:Wayback Machine 1310: 1306: 1300:Wayback Machine 1290: 1286: 1281: 1277: 1267: 1265: 1260:Boyne, Walter. 1258: 1254: 1244: 1242: 1233: 1232: 1228: 1220:City-data.com. 1219: 1215: 1203: 1199: 1187: 1180: 1174:Wayback Machine 1164: 1160: 1148: 1144: 1139: 1135: 1130: 1126: 1121: 1117: 1112: 1108: 1098: 1096: 1089: 1088: 1084: 1059: 1055: 1050: 1046: 1041: 1037: 1016: 999: 993:Wayback Machine 979: 975: 964: 947: 937: 935: 930: 929: 902: 892: 890: 886: 875: 869: 865: 856: 834: 800: 758:Legion of Merit 734: 706: 680:candidates and 641:Dean Wooldridge 629:Hughes Aircraft 625: 592: 521:Caleb V. Haynes 416: 318: 306:Hughes Aircraft 249: 245: 243:Legion of Merit 241: 237: 203: 199: 172: 155: 153: 152: 143: 134: 107: 105: 96: 89:Place of burial 77: 73: 53: 36: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1515: 1505: 1504: 1499: 1494: 1489: 1484: 1479: 1474: 1469: 1464: 1459: 1454: 1449: 1444: 1439: 1434: 1429: 1424: 1419: 1414: 1409: 1404: 1399: 1382: 1381: 1365: 1356: 1346: 1345: 1344: 1339: 1338: 1324: 1304: 1284: 1275: 1252: 1226: 1213: 1197: 1178: 1167:"Past Mayors." 1158: 1142: 1133: 1124: 1115: 1106: 1082: 1053: 1044: 1035: 997: 973: 945: 900: 862: 861: 860: 855: 852: 851: 850: 845: 840: 833: 830: 829: 828: 825: 822: 819: 816: 813: 810: 807: 804: 799: 796: 795: 794: 782: 771: 760: 749: 733: 730: 705: 702: 684:including the 624: 621: 591: 588: 415: 412: 317: 314: 255: 254: 250:Knight of the 232: 228: 227: 223: 222: 212: 208: 207: 194: 190: 189: 179: 175: 174: 169: 165: 164: 124: 118: 117: 102: 98: 97: 92: 90: 86: 85: 76:(aged 92) 70: 66: 65: 50: 46: 45: 42: 38: 37: 34: 26: 25: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1514: 1503: 1500: 1498: 1495: 1493: 1490: 1488: 1485: 1483: 1480: 1478: 1475: 1473: 1470: 1468: 1465: 1463: 1460: 1458: 1455: 1453: 1450: 1448: 1445: 1443: 1440: 1438: 1435: 1433: 1430: 1428: 1425: 1423: 1420: 1418: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1408: 1405: 1403: 1400: 1398: 1395: 1394: 1392: 1385: 1380: 1379:1-59777-549-5 1376: 1372: 1371: 1366: 1363: 1362: 1357: 1354: 1353: 1348: 1347: 1342: 1341: 1334: 1328: 1321: 1317: 1314: 1308: 1301: 1297: 1294: 1288: 1279: 1263: 1256: 1240: 1236: 1230: 1223: 1217: 1210: 1206: 1201: 1194: 1190: 1185: 1183: 1175: 1171: 1168: 1162: 1155: 1151: 1146: 1137: 1128: 1119: 1110: 1094: 1093: 1086: 1079: 1078:9780813937274 1075: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1057: 1048: 1039: 1033: 1032:1-57607-345-9 1029: 1025: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1012: 1010: 1008: 1006: 1004: 1002: 994: 990: 987: 983: 977: 970: 969: 962: 960: 958: 956: 954: 952: 950: 933: 927: 925: 923: 921: 919: 917: 915: 913: 911: 909: 907: 905: 885: 881: 874: 867: 863: 858: 857: 849: 846: 844: 841: 839: 836: 835: 826: 823: 820: 817: 814: 811: 808: 805: 802: 801: 792: 787: 783: 781: 776: 772: 770: 765: 761: 759: 754: 750: 748: 743: 739: 738: 737: 729: 726: 724: 720: 719:requirements. 715: 710: 701: 699: 695: 691: 687: 683: 679: 675: 670: 668: 664: 659: 657: 652: 650: 646: 642: 638: 634: 633:Howard Hughes 630: 620: 616: 614: 608: 606: 602: 597: 590:Air transport 587: 585: 581: 578:) to prepare 577: 573: 568: 566: 562: 558: 554: 550: 549:South America 546: 542: 538: 534: 526: 522: 517: 513: 511: 507: 506:Donald Wilson 503: 499: 495: 491: 487: 483: 479: 478:Maxwell Field 475: 471: 467: 462: 460: 456: 452: 448: 444: 440: 439:Langley Field 436: 432: 428: 423: 421: 411: 409: 405: 400: 398: 394: 391:, one of two 390: 386: 382: 378: 374: 370: 366: 362: 357: 355: 351: 347: 343: 339: 335: 331: 330:United States 327: 323: 313: 311: 307: 303: 298: 296: 291: 289: 285: 284:heavy bombers 281: 277: 273: 269: 265: 261: 253: 248: 244: 240: 236: 233: 229: 226: 221: 218: 217: 216: 213: 209: 206: 202: 198: 195: 191: 188: 184: 180: 176: 170: 166: 163: 151: 147: 142: 138: 133: 129: 125: 119: 115: 114:United States 103: 99: 95: 91: 87: 84: 80: 71: 67: 64: 63:United States 60: 59:Massachusetts 56: 52:July 19, 1893 51: 47: 43: 39: 32: 27: 20: 1384: 1369: 1360: 1351: 1343:Bibliography 1327: 1307: 1287: 1278: 1266:. Retrieved 1255: 1243:. Retrieved 1238: 1229: 1216: 1204: 1200: 1188: 1161: 1149: 1145: 1136: 1127: 1118: 1109: 1097:. Retrieved 1091: 1085: 1061: 1056: 1047: 1038: 1022: 981: 976: 967: 936:. Retrieved 891:. Retrieved 866: 778:   767:   756:   745:   735: 727: 717: 711: 707: 671: 660: 653: 637:Ira C. Eaker 631:to work for 626: 617: 609: 593: 569: 530: 494:Bomber Mafia 489: 463: 453:against old 424: 417: 401: 358: 319: 316:Early career 299: 292: 280:Bomber Mafia 259: 258: 225:World War II 211:Battles/wars 79:Laguna Hills 74:(1986-02-24) 1402:1986 deaths 1397:1893 births 893:November 9, 732:Recognition 686:Jesse Helms 601:C. R. Smith 459:Air Service 455:battleships 431:Kelly Field 334:World War I 215:World War I 1391:Categories 1070:0813937272 854:References 645:Simon Ramo 527:, Colombia 474:Luke Field 365:Love Field 171:1917–1946, 101:Allegiance 83:California 55:Somerville 41:Birth name 780:Air Medal 688:-founded 651:in 1965. 387:with the 346:Fort Myer 247:Air Medal 1316:Archived 1296:Archived 1170:Archived 1154:TRW Inc. 989:Archived 884:Archived 832:See also 793:(Brazil) 692:and the 586:(ACFC). 496:". With 490:de facto 447:Maryland 350:Virginia 264:aviation 193:Commands 173:and 1955 121:Service/ 1268:27 July 938:July 1, 482:Alabama 342:Cavalry 1377:  1245:May 2, 1099:May 2, 1076:  1068:  1030:  721:" The 704:Legacy 580:AWPD–1 557:Brazil 541:Kansas 525:Bogotá 466:Hawaii 377:France 231:Awards 159:  123:branch 111:  887:(PDF) 876:(PDF) 859:Notes 369:Texas 1375:ISBN 1270:2008 1247:2024 1101:2024 1074:ISBN 1066:ISBN 1028:ISBN 940:2014 895:2021 712:The 504:and 178:Rank 69:Died 49:Born 649:TRW 535:at 472:at 437:at 429:at 1393:: 1237:. 1181:^ 1152:. 1072:, 1000:^ 948:^ 903:^ 878:. 607:. 539:, 500:, 480:, 445:, 367:, 356:. 348:, 312:. 81:, 61:, 57:, 1335:. 1272:. 1249:. 1103:. 1080:. 942:. 897:.

Index


Somerville
Massachusetts
United States
Laguna Hills
California
United States Air Force Academy Cemetery
United States

U.S. Army Air Service

U.S. Army Air Corps

U.S. Army Air Forces
United States Air Force

Lieutenant General
96th Bombardment Squadron
2d Bombardment Group
Air Transport Command
World War I
Meuse-Argonne Offensive
World War II
Distinguished Service Medal
Distinguished Flying Cross
Legion of Merit
Air Medal
Order of the Southern Cross
aviation
precision bombing

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