664:. At FSU he carried out fundamental research on: Carbon vapour with Professor Alan Marshall; Open framework condensed phase systems with strategically important electrical and magnetic behaviour with Professors Naresh Dalal (FSU) and Tony Cheetham (Cambridge); and the mechanism of formation and properties of nano-structured systems. In addition, he participated in research initiatives at FSU that probed the astrochemistry of fullerenes, metallofullerenes, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in stellar/circumstellar space, as well as their relevance to stardust.
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644:. Kroto's 1985 paper entitled "C60: Buckminsterfullerene", published with colleagues J. R. Heath, S. C. O'Brien, R. F. Curl, and R. E. Smalley, was honored by a Citation for Chemical Breakthrough Award from the Division of History of Chemistry of the American Chemical Society, presented to Rice University in 2015. The discovery of fullerenes was recognized in 2010 by the designation of a
695:. Short for the Global Educational Outreach for Science, Engineering and Technology, GEOSET is an ever-growing online cache of recorded teaching modules that are freely downloadable to educators and the public. The program aims to increase knowledge of the sciences by creating a global repository of educational videos and presentations from leading universities and institutions.
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row elements e.g. S, Se and P. A particularly important breakthrough (with Sussex colleague John Nixon) was the creation of several new phosphorus species detected by microwave spectroscopy. This work resulted in the birth of the field(s) of phosphaalkene and phosphaalkyne chemistry. These species contain carbon double and triple bonded to phosphorus (C=P and C≡P) such as
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676:, a UK educational charity that created high quality science films including lectures and interviews with Nobel Laureates, discussion programmes, careers and teaching resources for TV and Internet Broadcast. Vega produced over 280 programmes, that streamed for free from the Vega website which acted as a TV science channel. The trust closed in 2012.
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etc. He produced artwork after receiving graphic awards in the Sunday Times Book Jacket Design competition (1964) and the Moet
Hennesy/Louis Vuitton Science pour l'Art Prize (1994). Other notable graphical works include the design of the Nobel UK Stamp for Chemistry (2001) and features at the Royal Academy (London) Summer Exhibition (2004).
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The discovery of buckminsterfullerene caused Kroto to postpone his dream of setting up an art and graphic design studio – he had been doing graphics semi-professionally for years. However, Kroto's graphic design work resulted in numerous posters, letterheads, logos, book/journal covers, medal design,
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in
England. During his time at Sussex from 1967 to 1985, he carried out research mainly focused on the spectroscopic studies of new and novel unstable and semi-stable species. This work resulted in the birth of the various fields of new chemistry involving carbon multiply bonded to second and third
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In 1975, he became a full professor of
Chemistry. This coincided with laboratory microwave measurements with Sussex colleague David Walton on long linear carbon chain molecules, leading to radio astronomy observations with Canadian astronomers surprisingly revealing that these unusual carbonaceous
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related a story about how Kroto gave him advice and support to fight
Louisiana's creationism law, a law that allows public school science teachers to attack evolution and how Kroto defended the scientific findings of global warming. In an obituary published in the journal
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Jain, P; Ramachandran, V; Clark, RJ; Zhou, HD; Toby, BH; Dalal, NS; Kroto, HW; Cheetham, AK (2009). "Multiferroic
Behavior Associated with an Order−Disorder Hydrogen Bonding Transition in Metal−Organic Frameworks (MOFs) with the Perovskite ABX3 Architecture".
489:
Kroto was educated at Bolton School and went to the
University of Sheffield in 1958, where he obtained a first-class honours BSc degree in Chemistry (1961) and a PhD in Molecular Spectroscopy (1964). During his time at Sheffield he also was the art editor of
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In 1963, Kroto married
Margaret Henrietta Hunter, also a student of the University of Sheffield at the time. The couple had two sons. Throughout his life, Kroto was a lover of film, theatre, art, and music and published his own artwork.
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Although raised Jewish, Kroto stated that religion never made any sense to him. He was a humanist who claimed to have three religions: Amnesty
Internationalism, atheism, and humour. He was a distinguished supporter of the
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set. Kroto credited
Meccano, as well as his aiding his father in the latter's balloon factory after World War II – amongst other things – with developing skills useful in scientific research. He developed an interest in
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Dunk, Paul W.; Kaiser, Nathan K.; Hendrickson, Christopher L.; Quinn, John P.; Ewels, Christopher P.; Nakanishi, Yusuke; Sasaki, Yuki; Shinohara, Hisanori; Marshall, Alan G.; Kroto, Harold W. (2012).
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life." He held that scientists had a responsibility to work for the benefit of the entire species. On 15 September 2010, Kroto, along with 54 other public figures, signed an open letter published in
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molecule is a molecule with the same symmetry pattern as a football, consisting of 12 pentagons and 20 hexagons of carbon atoms. Kroto named the molecule buckminsterfullerene, after
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on the pretext that Iraq had weapons of mass destruction, Kroto initiated and organised the publication of a letter to be signed by a dozen UK Nobel
Laureates and published in
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Kroto praised the increase of organized online information as an "Educational Revolution" and named it as the "GooYouWiki" world referring to Google, YouTube and Knowledge.
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Simmons, Nigel P. C.; Nixon, John F.; Kroto, Harold W.; Hopkinson, Michael J. (1976). "The detection of unstable molecules by microwave spectroscopy: phospha-alkenes".
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766:'s Lunch with a Laureate program where middle and high school students had the opportunity to engage in an informal conversation with a Nobel Prize–winning scientist.
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described him as "(spending much of his later life) jetting around the world to extol scientific education in a world he saw as blinded by religion." Slate's
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James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy Rice University | Events | Civic Scientist Lecture – Robert F. Curl Jr., Ph.D., and Sir Harry W. Kroto, Ph.D
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Kroto was a "devout atheist" who thought that beliefs in immortality derive from lack of the courage to accept human mortality. He was a patron of the
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species exist in relatively large abundances in interstellar space as well as the outer atmospheres of certain stars – the carbon-rich red giants.
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Harold Walter Kroto Biography – life, family, parents, name, wife, school, mother, young, born, college, time, year, Studied Chemistry in College
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Dunk, PW; Mulet-Gas, M; Nakanishi, Y; Kaiser, NK; Rodríguez-Fortea, A; Shinohara, H; Poblet, JM; Marshall, AG; Kroto, HW (19 December 2014).
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2310:"Metallofullerene and Fullerene Formation from Condensing Carbon Gas under Conditions of Stellar Outflows and Implication to Stardust"
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at Rice University) which simulated the chemical reactions in the atmospheres of the red giant stars demonstrated that stable
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Kroto, H. W.; Heath, J. R.; O'Brien, S. C.; Curl, R. F.; Smalley, R. E. (14 November 1985). "C60: Buckminsterfullerene".
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discovery caused Kroto to shift the focus of his research from spectroscopy in order to probe the consequences of the C
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1011:, American Carbon Society Medal for Achievement in Carbon Science, 1997 (shared with Robert Curl and Richard Smalley)
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468:. The declaration was signed by a total of 76 Nobel Laureates and handed to then-President of the French Republic,
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In 2004, Kroto left the University of Sussex to take up a new position as Francis Eppes Professor of Chemistry at
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In 1985, on the basis of the Sussex studies and the stellar discoveries, laboratory experiments (with co-workers
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at the Richard E. Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology at Rice University in Houston, Texas.
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After obtaining his PhD, Kroto spent two-years as a postdoctoral fellow in the molecular spectroscopy group of
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structural concept (and prove it correct) and to exploit the implications for chemistry and material science.
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Citation for Chemical Breakthrough Award, Division of History of Chemistry, American Chemical Society, 2015
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containing chains of carbon atoms with numerous multiple bonds. He started his work with an interest in
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Dunk, PW; Adjizian, JJ; Kaiser, NK; Quinn, JP; Blakney, GT; Ewels, CP; Marshall, AG; Kroto, HW (2013).
1908:; Ibberson, Richard M.; Matthewman, Judy C.; Prassides, Kosmas; Dennis, T. John S.; Hare, Jonathan P.;
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in New Jersey carrying out Raman studies of liquid phase interactions and worked on quantum chemistry.
498:(compounds with carbon phosphorus double bonds), his doctoral studies included unpublished research on
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Humanism and Its Aspirations: Humanist Manifesto III, a Successor to the Humanist Manifesto of 1933
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802:. He also delivered the IPhO 2012 lecture at the International Physics Olympiad held in Estonia.
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Professorship in the chemistry department at Florida State University, carrying out research in
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2023:. School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. 2015. Archived from
1987:. School of Chemical Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. 2015. Archived from
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in the Canary Islands, delivering a lecture about his life in science, chemistry, and design.
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2011, a convention "dedicated to scientific inquiry and critical thinking" organized by the
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wrote a memorial for Kroto in which he mentioned Kroto's "passionate hatred of religion."
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2261:"Bottom-up formation of endohedral mono-metallofullerenes is directed by charge transfer"
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could form spontaneously from a condensing carbon vapour. The co-investigators directed
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In 2009, Kroto spearheaded the development of a second science education initiative,
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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had the best chemistry department in the United Kingdom, he went to Sheffield.
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2826:"Think About It: Nobel Prize Winner Sir Harold Kroto Throws Down the Gauntlet"
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He wrote a set of articles, mostly opinion pieces, from 2002 to 2003 for the
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International Prize for New Materials American Physical Society, 1992 (with
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3465:"Packed Programme of Events For University of Leicester's 80th Anniversary"
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Avery, L. W.; Broten, N. W.; MacLeod, J. M.; Oka, T.; Kroto, H. W. (1976).
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causes people to accept unethical or inhumane actions: "The only mistake
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706:. It was composed by his friend the Nobel Peace Prize Laureate the late
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3587:"Professor Sir Harold Walter Kroto Honorary Degree of Doctor of Science"
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3113:"Harry Kroto Helped Spur Wave of Research in Nanotechnology: 1939–2016"
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1513:"Harold Kroto, Chemist who helped illuminate molecules, dies at 76"],
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Kroto promoted science education and was a critic of religious faith.
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Kroto ended his career as the Francis Eppes Professor of Chemistry at
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Hewlett Packard Europhysics Prize, 1994 (with Wolfgang Kraetschmer,
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2593:. Bakerinstitute.org (13 October 2010). Retrieved 25 December 2011.
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Studies of refractory clusters produced from a pulsed arc source
441:– who subsequently became a university professor) felt that the
2708:"Sir Harold Kroto and David Eicher join Starmus Festival Board"
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1703:"Detection of the Heavy Interstellar Molecule Cyanodiacetylene"
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417:. In 1955, Harold's father shortened the family name to Kroto.
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3650:"Richard E. Smalley, Robert F. Curl, Jr., and Harold W. Kroto"
3337:"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement"
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Others, From Professor Sir Joseph Rotblat (15 February 2003).
1842:"Richard E. Smalley, Robert F. Curl, Jr., and Harold W. Kroto"
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1817:"Discovery of Fullerenes National Historic Chemical Landmark"
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2368:"Sodium aids metallofullerene formation in stellar outflows"
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sense of humour similar to that of the British comedy group
1588:"Harry W. Kroto Quotes (Author of Nanotubes and Nanowires)"
1392:"Harry Kroto (1939–2016) Discoverer of new forms of carbon"
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AGH University of Science and Technology in Kraków (Poland)
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North Campus contains two buildings named after Kroto: The
1042:
Foreign Associate of the National Academy of Sciences, 2007
394:
3062:"Sir Harry Kroto, Nobel prize-winning chemist, dies at 76"
3028:"Harold Kroto, Nobel Prize Winning Chemist, Is Dead at 76"
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in Ottawa, Canada, and the subsequent year (1966–1967) at
453:. In 2003 he was one of 22 Nobel Laureates who signed the
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1329:"Sir Harold Walter Kroto. 7 October 1939 – 30 April 2016"
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Kroto won numerous awards, individually and with others:
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while the British authorities interned his father on the
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Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications
1553:"Сколтех | Сколковский институт науки и технологий"
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University of Limburg (now Hasselt University) (Belgium)
624:
This research is significant for the discovery of a new
351:. He was the recipient of many other honors and awards.
3237:"Medal of Achievement in Carbon Science and Technology"
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433:, and mathematics in secondary school, and because his
248:
The spectra of unstable molecules under high resolution
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Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
3188:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 587.
2526:"Abstracts of Kroto's Times Higher Education Articles"
1557:Сколтех | Сколковский институт науки и технологий
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Surface Engineered Surgical Tools and Medical Devices
1700:
1472:. Notablebiographies.com. Retrieved 25 December 2011.
1447:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1147:
University of Dalhousie (Halifax, NovaScotia, Canada)
4064:
3515:. Manchester Metropolitan University. Archived from
1879:
1334:
Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society
1005:, 1996 (shared with Robert Curl and Richard Smalley)
724:
From 2002 to 2004, Kroto served as president of the
561:
308:
3561:"Public Art students set to honour Sir Harry Kroto"
2852:"Letters: Harsh judgments on the pope and religion"
1504:
1171:
University of Chemical Technology – Beijing (China)
502:, O=C=C=C=O, and this led to a general interest in
3026:
3024:
1434:
545:In 1967, Kroto began teaching and research at the
3722:The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot
3628:"Nobel prize winner joins Exeter closure protest"
3289:The Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society
3139:"Lessons Learned From Nobel Laureate Harry Kroto"
2400:. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
2374:. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
1898:
331:; 7 October 1939 – 30 April 2016) was an English
7132:
1216:Returned due to closure of Chemistry Departments
992:Royal Society of Chemistry Longstaff Medal, 1993
479:
6620:Memoirs and Proceedings of the Chemical Society
2904:"Sir Harry Kroto Official page on Asteroid Day"
2878:"Asteroid Day tries to save life as we know it"
2008:
2006:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1761:
1628:"Humanism and Its Aspirations: Notable Signers"
1378:
1376:
1017:Faraday Award and Lecture (Royal Society), 2001
989:Italgas Prize for Innovation in Chemistry, 1992
6416:Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts
6257:Issues in Environmental Science and Technology
5978:
5709:
3377:
2228:"Boron vapour trail leads to heterofullerenes"
1888:"C60, the Celestial Sphere that Fell to Earth"
749:James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy
6941:
6725:Proceedings of the Chemical Society of London
6196:Radiochemistry Group Young Researcher's Award
6171:Materials for Industry - Derek Birchall Award
5964:
5695:
4295:
4050:
3742:
3059:
1608:. British Humanist Association. 26 April 2011
7276:Presidents of the Royal Society of Chemistry
3181:
3053:
2896:
2003:
1804:
1373:
7281:Deaths from motor neuron disease in England
6585:Journal of the Royal Institute of Chemistry
6310:Annual Reports on the Progress of Chemistry
2976:
2974:
2805:
2730:"Welcome to Harry Kroto's Personal Website"
2434:
2244:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2126:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2093:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
598:at graphite and examined the results. The C
413:, where he was a contemporary of the actor
6948:
6934:
6697:Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences
5971:
5957:
5702:
5688:
4302:
4288:
4057:
4043:
3749:
3735:
3710:
3696:
3209:
3207:
3205:
2226:Richards2012-12-18T00:00:00+00:00, Caryl.
2108:Bennett2012-05-28T00:00:00+01:00, Hayley.
2075:Cartwright2012-05-30T00:00:00+01:00, Jon.
2014:"Citation for Chemical Breakthrough Award"
1571:"The Science Studio with Sir Harold Kroto"
1014:Blackett Lectureship (Royal Society), 1999
762:In October 2010 Kroto participated in the
41:
6627:Memoirs of the Chemical Society of London
6444:Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry
6388:Chemistry Education Research and Practice
6069:Robert Boyle Prize for Analytical Science
3177:
3175:
3173:
3171:
3169:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3161:
3159:
2343:
2333:
2284:
2202:
1726:
1417:
1382:
1358:1983/20b6819b-46c4-4dc3-aa2b-dccedae2486e
1356:
1346:
1301:
1299:
1138:Gustavus Adolphus College (Minnesota, US)
854:Pope Benedict XVI's state visit to the UK
462:Mainau Declaration 2015 on Climate Change
3626:agencies, Staff and (30 November 2004).
3625:
2971:
2870:
2632:. Mgu.ac.in. Retrieved 25 December 2011.
2144:Journal of the American Chemical Society
2077:"Tiny buckyball grown around metal atom"
1975:
1973:
1598:
1026:Erasmus Medal of Academia Europaea, 2002
678:
565:
7176:English people of Polish-Jewish descent
3202:
3182:Jackson, Mark J.; Ahmed, Waqar (2007).
3136:
3110:
3087:
2110:"Buckyballs grow by gobbling up carbon"
1484:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1309:. London: Royal Society. Archived from
1132:Manchester Metropolitan University (UK)
1087:Université Libre de Bruxelles (Belgium)
1029:Copley Medal of the Royal Society, 2002
668:Educational outreach and public service
7133:
3563:. University of Bolton. Archived from
3361:. The Kavli Foundation. Archived from
3156:
2984:. University of Sussex. Archived from
2548:. Rsc.org. Retrieved 25 December 2011.
2472:
1745:. University of Sussex. Archived from
1296:
1253:
889:
420:As a child, he became fascinated by a
385:origin. His father's family came from
7171:Academics of the University of Sussex
7166:Alumni of the University of Sheffield
6955:
6929:
6915:1904 petition to the Chemical Society
5952:
5683:
4283:
4038:
3730:
2928:
2179:"Closed Network Growth of Fullerenes"
1970:
1323:
946:
3489:. University of Hull. Archived from
3239:. The Carbon Society. Archived from
1743:"Harold Kroto: University of Sussex"
1475:
1264:(PhD thesis). University of Sussex.
1150:University of Strathclyde (Scotland)
1135:Hong Kong City University (HK China)
764:USA Science and Engineering Festival
656:Research at Florida State University
541:Research at the University of Sussex
518:; he later developed an interest in
409:during World War II. Kroto attended
6711:Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
6381:Proceedings of the Chemical Society
3041:from the original on 3 January 2022
2954:
1834:
1453:"The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1996"
1317:
1247:
1204:Vietnam National University (Hanoi)
1114:University of Sheffield-Hallam (UK)
1080:
1049:National Historic Chemical Landmark
821:
728:. In 2004, he was appointed to the
646:National Historic Chemical Landmark
13:
6683:Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry
6346:Catalysis Science & Technology
6186:Perkin Prize for Organic Chemistry
3642:
2929:Kroto, Harry (28 September 2008).
2546:RSC Presidents 1980 to Present Day
1254:Barran, Perdita Elizabeth (1998).
1210:University of Primorska (Slovenia)
1207:University of Edinburgh (Scotland)
1077:and the Kroto Research Institute.
1051:, American Chemical Society, 2010.
393:from Nazi Germany; his father was
14:
7297:
6353:Catalysts and Catalysed Reactions
6029:Applied Inorganic Chemistry Award
3708:National Portrait Gallery, London
3663:
3359:"Science Society Kavli Lecturers"
3025:Nicholas St. Fluer (4 May 2016).
2475:"Nobel laureates against the war"
1956:"Sir Harold Kroto - Biographical"
1198:Universidad Complutense de Madrid
1126:University of Bielefeld (Germany)
1117:University of Aberdeen (Scotland)
1039:Order of Cherubini (Torino), 2005
880:
719:Times Higher Education Supplement
698:In 2003, prior to the Blair/Bush
562:Discovery of buckminsterfullerene
7246:People educated at Bolton School
7231:Florida State University faculty
7118:
7106:
7094:
7069:
7068:
6884:Society for Analytical Chemistry
6409:Energy and Environmental Science
6124:Harrison-Meldola Memorial Prizes
6104:Faraday Medal (electrochemistry)
4532:
3385:"Supplement, 30th December 1995"
3111:Hagerty, James R. (6 May 2016).
2756:"Professor Sir Harold Kroto FRS"
2460:"5 days of opening minds (2013)"
1885:
1866:
1111:Yokohama City University (Japan)
1105:University of Helsinki (Finland)
1090:University of Stockholm (Sweden)
859:Kroto was an early Signatory of
812:
283:
6592:Jubilee of the Chemical Society
6481:Journal of the Chemical Society
4251:Oxford–AstraZeneca Vaccine Team
3619:
3601:
3579:
3553:
3531:
3505:
3479:
3457:
3431:
3405:
3351:
3345:American Academy of Achievement
3329:
3307:
3277:
3255:
3229:
3130:
3104:
3088:Dawkins, Richard (2 May 2016).
3081:
3018:
3000:
2948:
2922:
2844:
2818:
2799:
2774:
2748:
2722:
2700:
2682:
2661:
2635:
2623:
2596:
2577:
2551:
2539:
2518:
2492:
2466:
2452:
2412:
2386:
2360:
2301:
2252:
2219:
2170:
2134:
2101:
2068:
2042:
1948:
1869:"Architects of the Microcosmos"
1860:
1735:
1694:
1671:
1646:
1634:. American Humanist Association
1620:
1580:
1563:
1545:
1528:"A Round Peg in a Square World"
1195:University of Poitiers (France)
1192:University of Tel Aviv (Israel)
1123:University of Aveiro (Portugal)
1034:American Academy of Achievement
1023:(Manchester Lit and Phil), 1998
954:
894:Kroto died on 30 April 2016 in
866:In 2008, Kroto was critical of
842:made was to promise returns in
834:. He referred to his view that
790:Committee for Skeptical Inquiry
672:In 1995, he jointly set up the
143:
7286:Recipients of the Dalton Medal
7241:Recipients of the Copley Medal
6451:Journal of Materials Chemistry
6211:Supramolecular Chemistry Award
6129:Edward Harrison Memorial Prize
3513:"Honorary Graduates 1991–2005"
3215:"Fellows of the Royal Society"
2955:Ray, Barry (16 October 2012).
2906:. Asteroid Day. Archived from
2050:"Sir Harold Kroto FSU Profile"
1520:
1463:
1235:List of Jewish Nobel laureates
1201:Naresuan University (Thailand)
1168:Polytechnico di Torino (Italy)
1162:Queens University Belfast (NI)
1141:University College London (UK)
935:described Kroto as having an "
870:for directing the teaching of
852:, stating their opposition to
368:
1:
3961:William Lionel Wilkinson
3589:. The University of Edinburgh
3487:"Honorary Graduates – F to R"
3445:. The University of Sheffield
3419:. The University of Sheffield
2420:"Vega Science Trust to Close"
1490:"Harry Kroto – Autobiography"
1240:
1177:Florida Southern College (US)
1153:University of Manchester (UK)
1144:University of Patras (Greece)
1108:University of Nottingham (UK)
904:amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
747:on 29 April 2010, and at the
578:, Sean C. O'Brien, Yuan Liu,
480:Education and academic career
466:Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting
464:on the final day of the 65th
7211:Fellows of the Royal Society
7151:Nobel laureates in Chemistry
6879:Royal Institute of Chemistry
6641:Methods in Organic Synthesis
6059:Bioinorganic Chemistry Award
3720:, Nobel Luminaries Project,
3670:Harry Kroto personal website
3613:Times Higher Education (THE)
3137:Kopplin, Zack (5 May 2016).
3092:. Richard Dawkins Foundation
3060:Davis, Nicola (2 May 2016).
2760:British Humanist Association
2398:PNAS Science Session Podcast
1174:University of Liverpool (UK)
1120:University of Leicester (UK)
1096:University of Sheffield (UK)
828:British Humanist Association
805:In 2014, Kroto spoke at the
510:, but when he learned about
484:
472:, as part of the successful
451:British Humanist Association
7:
4008:Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard
3967:Robert Hughes Williams
3915:Colin James Pennycuick
3677:at Florida State University
3541:. University College London
3539:"Honorary Graduates of UCL"
2931:"Blinded by a divine light"
2858:. London. 15 September 2010
1228:
1189:University of Hartford (US)
1183:University of Chiba (Japan)
1099:University of Kingston (UK)
1071:The University of Sheffield
973:Fellow of the Royal Society
721:, a weekly UK publication.
16:English chemist (1939–2016)
10:
7302:
6997:Sir Joseph 'J. J.' Thomson
6181:Nyholm Prize for Education
5980:Royal Society of Chemistry
5780:Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo
3683:at University of Sheffield
3413:"Kroto Research Institute"
3263:"Kroto wins Faraday Award"
2982:"Welcome to the Kroto Lab"
1606:"Distinguished supporters"
1032:Golden Plate Award of the
966:Royal Society of Chemistry
726:Royal Society of Chemistry
460:In 2015, Kroto signed the
329:Harold Walter Krotoschiner
57:Harold Walter Krotoschiner
7236:British nanotechnologists
7066:
6965:
6892:
6861:
6748:
6273:
6224:
6099:Faraday Lectureship Prize
6014:
5986:
5876:
5851:
5826:
5817:Robert Coleman Richardson
5795:
5770:
5750:
5719:
5338:
5039:
4780:
4541:
4530:
4321:
4073:
3990:
3772:
3655:Science History Institute
3609:"Kroto protests cutbacks"
3467:. University of Leicester
2806:AC Grayling (July 2009).
1846:Science History Institute
1821:American Chemical Society
1707:The Astrophysical Journal
1658:www.mainaudeclaration.org
1186:University of Bolton (UK)
1165:University of Surrey (UK)
1159:University of Durham (UK)
1102:University of Sussex (UK)
771:Mahatma Gandhi University
650:American Chemical Society
606:who had conceived of the
570:Buckminsterfullerene, C60
531:National Research Council
303:
272:
268:
258:
240:
219:
209:
202:
161:
153:
133:Margaret Henrietta Hunter
127:
117:
107:
97:
78:
73:, Cambridgeshire, England
52:
40:
23:
7057:Sir Konstantin Novoselov
6676:New Journal of Chemistry
6374:Chemical Society Reviews
6146:Interdisciplinary Prizes
6114:John B. Goodenough Award
5456:Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
4735:Wendell Meredith Stanley
4315:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
3800:Malcolm H. Chisholm
3704:Portraits of Harry Kroto
2620:. usasciencefestival.org
2422:. The Vega Science Trust
1221:Hertfordshire University
1003:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
902:, from complications of
830:. He was a supporter of
662:Florida State University
514:it inclined him towards
356:Florida State University
337:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
227:Florida State University
169:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
7256:Scientists at Bell Labs
7161:English Nobel laureates
7156:British Nobel laureates
6669:Natural Product Updates
6662:Natural Product Reports
6523:Chemical Communications
6360:Chemical Communications
6206:Sir George Stokes Award
6024:Applied Catalysis Award
3689:from Vega Science Trust
3317:. The Academia Europaea
3315:"Erasmus Medal Winners"
3117:The Wall Street Journal
3008:"大阳城2021集团娱乐网址-官方版首页下载"
2808:"The curse of religion"
2782:"Harry W. Kroto quotes"
2604:"Lunch with a Laureate"
2589:14 October 2010 at the
2335:10.1073/pnas.1315928110
1180:Keio University (Japan)
1129:University of Hull (UK)
1075:Kroto Innovation Centre
915:The Wall Street Journal
443:University of Sheffield
347:for their discovery of
320:Sir Harold Walter Kroto
112:University of Sheffield
6250:Education in Chemistry
6044:Beilby Medal and Prize
5882:Nobel Prize recipients
5869:(Canada/United States)
5828:Physiology or Medicine
5620:Emmanuelle Charpentier
5608:M. Stanley Whittingham
4579:Hans von Euler-Chelpin
3785:Michael Ashburner
3265:. University of Sussex
2669:"CSIcon Official Site"
2643:"SCIcon 2011 Speakers"
2504:Times Higher Education
1492:. The Nobel Foundation
1348:10.1098/rsbm.2017.0003
1307:"Sir Harold Kroto FRS"
688:
571:
397:. Harry was raised in
92:, East Sussex, England
7015:Sir Cyril Hinshelwood
6991:Sir Ernest Rutherford
6119:Green Chemistry Award
6039:Geoffrey Barker Medal
4990:Christian B. Anfinsen
4630:Frédéric Joliot-Curie
2394:"Supernova Chemistry"
2265:Nature Communications
2183:Nature Communications
1517:, 5 May 2016, pg. B14
1065:1996 New Year Honours
874:alongside evolution.
832:Amnesty International
714:on 15 February 2003.
682:
628:of carbon known as a
569:
335:. He shared the 1996
187:Michael Faraday Prize
6973:Henry Edward Schunck
6648:Molecular BioSystems
6530:Faraday Transactions
6339:Biomaterials Science
6297:Analytical Abstracts
6109:Gibson-Fawcett Award
6089:Corday-Morgan Prizes
5652:Karl Barry Sharpless
5149:Dudley R. Herschbach
4974:Luis Federico Leloir
4243:Jocelyn Bell Burnell
3998:Edward Norton Lorenz
3012:www.stamp-photos.com
1906:David, William I. F.
1688:10.1039/C39760000513
1654:"Mainau Declaration"
1313:on 17 November 2015.
1045:Kavli Lecturer, 2007
999:and Richard Smalley)
792:in association with
759:on 13 October 2010.
683:Sir Harold Kroto at
634:allotropes of carbon
547:University of Sussex
474:COP21 climate summit
360:University of Sussex
232:University of Sussex
122:Buckminsterfullerene
7251:People from Wisbech
7051:Lord Rees of Ludlow
6798:Edward William Abel
6793:John Howard Purnell
6690:Perkin Transactions
6553:Perkin Transactions
6437:Integrative Biology
6423:Faraday Discussions
6402:Dalton Transactions
6084:Chartered Scientist
5842:Rolf M. Zinkernagel
5811:Douglas D. Osheroff
5644:Carolyn R. Bertozzi
5556:Jean-Pierre Sauvage
5293:Jens Christian Skou
5261:F. Sherwood Rowland
5173:Charles J. Pedersen
5137:Herbert A. Hauptman
4830:Vincent du Vigneaud
4447:Richard Willstätter
4331:Jacobus van 't Hoff
4267:Gregory Paul Winter
4018:Bengt I. Samuelsson
3905:Michael E. McIntyre
3820:Simon Conway Morris
3675:Sir Harold W. Kroto
3493:on 19 December 2016
3341:www.achievement.org
2326:2013PNAS..11018081D
2320:(45): 18081–18086.
2277:2014NatCo...5.5844D
2195:2012NatCo...3..855D
2150:(38): 13625–13627.
1926:1991Natur.353..147D
1782:1985Natur.318..162K
1719:1976ApJ...205L.173A
1410:2016Natur.533..470H
890:Death and reactions
437:chemistry teacher (
7045:Sir Bernard Lovell
7003:Sir Lawrence Bragg
6606:Materials Horizons
6304:Analytical Methods
6201:Charles Rees Award
6141:Hickinbottom Award
5763:Wisława Szymborska
5741:Richard E. Smalley
5729:Robert F. Curl Jr.
5604:John B. Goodenough
5532:William E. Moerner
5412:Richard R. Schrock
5384:Roderick MacKinnon
5356:K. Barry Sharpless
5181:Johann Deisenhofer
5010:Geoffrey Wilkinson
5006:Ernst Otto Fischer
4930:Robert S. Mulliken
4866:Jaroslav Heyrovský
4814:Hermann Staudinger
4634:Irène Joliot-Curie
4227:John B. Goodenough
4003:Yasutomi Nishizuka
3695:on Nobelprize.org
3615:. 26 January 2001.
3393:. 29 December 1995
3390:The London Gazette
3295:on 19 January 2016
3034:The New York Times
2710:. STARMUS Festival
2286:10.1038/ncomms6844
2204:10.1038/ncomms1853
1892:Vega Science Trust
1873:Vega Science Trust
1532:Vega Science Trust
1515:The New York Times
1284:on 3 November 2018
1278:uk.bl.ethos.244325
947:Honours and awards
906:at the age of 76.
800:Center for Inquiry
795:Skeptical Inquirer
708:Sir Joseph Rotblat
689:
674:Vega Science Trust
604:Buckminster Fuller
572:
552:cyanophosphaethyne
455:Humanist Manifesto
373:Kroto was born in
7221:Carbon scientists
7191:English humanists
7082:
7081:
7039:Sir Roger Penrose
7033:Sir Walter Bodmer
6958:Dalton Medallists
6923:
6922:
6853:Carol V. Robinson
6843:Dominic Tildesley
6838:Lesley Yellowlees
6718:Polymer Chemistry
6244:CrystEngCommunity
6176:Ludwig Mond Award
6079:Chartered Chemist
6054:Bill Newton Award
5946:
5945:
5853:Economic Sciences
5677:
5676:
5660:Moungi G. Bawendi
5580:Richard Henderson
5424:Roger D. Kornberg
5392:Aaron Ciechanover
5225:Rudolph A. Marcus
5129:Robert Merrifield
5065:Peter D. Mitchell
4838:Cyril Hinshelwood
4599:Friedrich Bergius
4523:Richard Zsigmondy
4439:Theodore Richards
4387:Ernest Rutherford
4277:
4276:
4219:Jeffrey I. Gordon
4203:Richard Henderson
4066:Copley Medallists
4032:
4031:
3920:John Albert Raven
3860:Eric Jakeman
3845:Nicholas C. Handy
3835:Robert Fettiplace
3810:Peter Clarricoats
3681:About Harry Kroto
3225:on 16 March 2015.
2988:on 8 January 2016
2736:on 8 October 2013
2156:10.1021/ja904156s
1920:(6340): 147–149.
1776:(6042): 162–163.
1592:www.goodreads.com
1325:Legon, Anthony C.
1224:Exeter University
1059:Kroto was made a
798:magazine and the
745:Auburn University
710:and published in
535:Bell Laboratories
516:quantum chemistry
508:organic chemistry
470:François Hollande
317:
316:
289:
259:Doctoral students
204:Scientific career
7293:
7266:English sceptics
7261:Scripps Research
7226:Knights Bachelor
7186:English chemists
7181:English atheists
7123:
7122:
7111:
7110:
7109:
7099:
7098:
7097:
7090:
7076:
7072:
7071:
7027:Sir Harold Kroto
7009:Patrick Blackett
6985:Osborne Reynolds
6979:Sir Henry Roscoe
6959:
6950:
6943:
6936:
6927:
6926:
6910:Burlington House
6869:Chemical Society
6813:Sir Harold Kroto
6367:Chemical Science
6156:Liversidge Award
6151:Lord Lewis Prize
5973:
5966:
5959:
5950:
5949:
5884:
5863:(United Kingdom)
5836:Peter C. Doherty
5805:David Morris Lee
5786:José Ramos-Horta
5737:(United Kingdom)
5704:
5697:
5690:
5681:
5680:
5670:
5668:Alexei I. Ekimov
5654:
5648:Morten P. Meldal
5638:
5626:
5614:
5598:
5582:
5572:Jacques Dubochet
5566:
5550:
5534:
5518:
5502:
5496:Robert Lefkowitz
5490:
5482:
5466:
5460:Thomas A. Steitz
5450:
5434:
5426:
5418:
5408:Robert H. Grubbs
5402:
5386:
5374:
5358:
5331:
5329:Hideki Shirakawa
5315:
5307:
5295:
5279:
5263:
5247:
5239:
5227:
5219:
5217:Richard R. Ernst
5211:
5203:
5191:
5175:
5159:
5143:
5131:
5123:
5115:
5107:
5095:
5093:Frederick Sanger
5079:
5073:Herbert C. Brown
5067:
5059:
5051:
5049:William Lipscomb
5032:
5020:
5012:
5000:
4984:
4982:Gerhard Herzberg
4976:
4968:
4956:
4948:
4932:
4924:
4916:
4908:
4896:
4884:
4876:
4868:
4860:
4858:Frederick Sanger
4852:
4844:
4842:Nikolay Semyonov
4832:
4824:
4816:
4808:
4796:
4794:Glenn T. Seaborg
4773:
4761:
4753:
4745:
4737:
4721:
4719:Artturi Virtanen
4713:
4705:
4703:George de Hevesy
4697:
4696:
4690:
4689:
4683:
4682:
4676:
4664:
4656:
4644:
4636:
4624:
4616:
4615:
4609:
4601:
4589:
4581:
4569:
4561:
4559:Heinrich Wieland
4553:
4551:Theodor Svedberg
4536:
4535:
4525:
4517:
4516:
4510:
4502:
4494:
4486:
4478:
4477:
4471:
4463:
4462:
4456:
4455:
4449:
4441:
4433:
4425:
4413:
4405:
4397:
4389:
4381:
4373:
4365:
4363:Adolf von Baeyer
4357:
4349:
4347:Svante Arrhenius
4341:
4333:
4304:
4297:
4290:
4281:
4280:
4270:
4262:
4254:
4246:
4238:
4230:
4222:
4214:
4206:
4198:
4190:
4182:
4174:
4166:
4158:
4146:
4138:
4130:
4122:
4114:
4106:
4098:
4090:
4082:
4059:
4052:
4045:
4036:
4035:
3945:Azim Surani
3930:Man Mohan Sharma
3890:Harry Kroto
3855:Jonathan Hodgkin
3840:Erwin Gabathuler
3751:
3744:
3737:
3728:
3727:
3714:
3700:
3693:Sir Harold Kroto
3659:
3636:
3635:
3623:
3617:
3616:
3605:
3599:
3598:
3596:
3594:
3583:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3572:
3557:
3551:
3550:
3548:
3546:
3535:
3529:
3528:
3526:
3524:
3509:
3503:
3502:
3500:
3498:
3483:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3472:
3461:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3435:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3409:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3398:
3381:
3375:
3374:
3372:
3370:
3365:on 29 March 2018
3355:
3349:
3348:
3333:
3327:
3326:
3324:
3322:
3311:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3300:
3291:. Archived from
3281:
3275:
3274:
3272:
3270:
3259:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3248:
3233:
3227:
3226:
3221:. Archived from
3211:
3200:
3199:
3179:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3149:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3123:
3108:
3102:
3101:
3099:
3097:
3085:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3074:
3057:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3046:
3030:
3022:
3016:
3015:
3004:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2978:
2969:
2968:
2966:
2964:
2952:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2941:
2926:
2920:
2919:
2917:
2915:
2900:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2889:
2874:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2863:
2848:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2832:on 13 April 2016
2828:. Archived from
2822:
2816:
2815:
2803:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2778:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2767:
2752:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2732:. Archived from
2726:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2715:
2704:
2698:
2697:
2686:
2680:
2679:
2677:
2675:
2665:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2654:
2649:on 14 April 2012
2645:. Archived from
2639:
2633:
2627:
2621:
2619:
2617:
2615:
2610:on 21 April 2010
2606:. Archived from
2600:
2594:
2581:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2565:on 30 March 2014
2561:. Archived from
2555:
2549:
2543:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2532:
2522:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2511:
2496:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2485:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2456:
2450:
2449:
2438:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2416:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2405:
2390:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2364:
2358:
2357:
2347:
2337:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2288:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2243:
2235:
2223:
2217:
2216:
2206:
2174:
2168:
2167:
2138:
2132:
2131:
2125:
2117:
2105:
2099:
2098:
2092:
2084:
2072:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2056:on 30 March 2014
2052:. Archived from
2046:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2029:
2018:
2010:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1977:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1934:10.1038/353147a0
1910:Kroto, Harold W.
1902:
1896:
1895:
1883:
1877:
1876:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1838:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1813:
1802:
1801:
1790:10.1038/318162a0
1765:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1754:
1739:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1675:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1624:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1567:
1561:
1560:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1524:
1518:
1511:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1486:
1473:
1467:
1461:
1460:
1449:
1432:
1431:
1421:
1380:
1371:
1370:
1360:
1350:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1303:
1294:
1293:
1291:
1289:
1280:. Archived from
1251:
1081:Honorary degrees
822:Personal beliefs
807:Starmus Festival
700:invasion of Iraq
527:Gerhard Herzberg
326:
313:
310:
291:
290:
254:
147:
145:
85:
66:
64:
45:
35:
21:
20:
7301:
7300:
7296:
7295:
7294:
7292:
7291:
7290:
7271:Spectroscopists
7206:Jewish chemists
7201:Jewish atheists
7131:
7130:
7129:
7117:
7107:
7105:
7095:
7093:
7085:
7083:
7078:
7074:
7062:
7021:Dorothy Hodgkin
6961:
6957:
6954:
6924:
6919:
6888:
6874:Faraday Society
6857:
6803:Anthony Ledwith
6778:John Mason Ward
6744:
6430:Green Chemistry
6277:
6269:
6264:The Merck Index
6233:Chemistry World
6220:
6161:Longstaff Prize
6094:De Gennes Prize
6074:Centenary Prize
6049:Becquerel Medal
6010:
5982:
5977:
5947:
5942:
5880:
5872:
5867:William Vickrey
5847:
5822:
5819:(United States)
5813:(United States)
5807:(United States)
5791:
5766:
5746:
5743:(United States)
5735:Harold W. Kroto
5731:(United States)
5715:
5708:
5678:
5673:
5657:
5641:
5632:David MacMillan
5629:
5624:Jennifer Doudna
5617:
5601:
5585:
5569:
5560:Fraser Stoddart
5553:
5544:Paul L. Modrich
5537:
5521:
5505:
5493:
5485:
5480:Ei-ichi Negishi
5472:Richard F. Heck
5469:
5453:
5440:Osamu Shimomura
5437:
5429:
5421:
5405:
5389:
5377:
5361:
5348:William Knowles
5345:
5334:
5325:Alan MacDiarmid
5318:
5310:
5298:
5282:
5277:Richard Smalley
5266:
5253:Paul J. Crutzen
5250:
5242:
5230:
5222:
5214:
5206:
5194:
5178:
5169:Jean-Marie Lehn
5162:
5146:
5134:
5126:
5118:
5110:
5098:
5082:
5070:
5062:
5054:
5046:
5035:
5030:Vladimir Prelog
5023:
5015:
5003:
4987:
4979:
4971:
4959:
4951:
4935:
4927:
4922:Robert Woodward
4919:
4914:Dorothy Hodgkin
4911:
4899:
4887:
4879:
4871:
4863:
4855:
4847:
4835:
4827:
4819:
4811:
4799:
4787:
4776:
4764:
4759:William Giauque
4756:
4748:
4743:Robert Robinson
4740:
4727:James B. Sumner
4724:
4716:
4708:
4700:
4694:
4693:
4687:
4686:
4680:
4679:
4674:Leopold Ružička
4670:Adolf Butenandt
4667:
4659:
4647:
4639:
4627:
4619:
4613:
4612:
4607:Irving Langmuir
4604:
4592:
4584:
4572:
4564:
4556:
4548:
4537:
4533:
4528:
4520:
4514:
4513:
4505:
4497:
4492:Frederick Soddy
4489:
4481:
4475:
4474:
4466:
4460:
4459:
4453:
4452:
4444:
4436:
4428:
4419:Victor Grignard
4416:
4408:
4400:
4395:Wilhelm Ostwald
4392:
4384:
4376:
4368:
4360:
4352:
4344:
4336:
4328:
4317:
4308:
4278:
4273:
4265:
4257:
4249:
4241:
4233:
4225:
4217:
4209:
4201:
4193:
4185:
4177:
4169:
4161:
4149:
4141:
4133:
4125:
4119:Stephen Hawking
4117:
4109:
4101:
4093:
4085:
4077:
4069:
4063:
4033:
4028:
3986:
3955:Herman Waldmann
3865:George Jellicoe
3825:Andrew Crawford
3815:John G. Collier
3768:
3755:
3666:
3648:
3645:
3643:Further reading
3640:
3639:
3624:
3620:
3607:
3606:
3602:
3592:
3590:
3585:
3584:
3580:
3570:
3568:
3567:on 10 June 2016
3559:
3558:
3554:
3544:
3542:
3537:
3536:
3532:
3522:
3520:
3511:
3510:
3506:
3496:
3494:
3485:
3484:
3480:
3470:
3468:
3463:
3462:
3458:
3448:
3446:
3443:sheffield.ac.uk
3437:
3436:
3432:
3422:
3420:
3417:sheffield.ac.uk
3411:
3410:
3406:
3396:
3394:
3383:
3382:
3378:
3368:
3366:
3357:
3356:
3352:
3335:
3334:
3330:
3320:
3318:
3313:
3312:
3308:
3298:
3296:
3283:
3282:
3278:
3268:
3266:
3261:
3260:
3256:
3246:
3244:
3235:
3234:
3230:
3213:
3212:
3203:
3196:
3180:
3157:
3147:
3145:
3135:
3131:
3121:
3119:
3109:
3105:
3095:
3093:
3086:
3082:
3072:
3070:
3058:
3054:
3044:
3042:
3023:
3019:
3006:
3005:
3001:
2991:
2989:
2980:
2979:
2972:
2962:
2960:
2953:
2949:
2939:
2937:
2927:
2923:
2913:
2911:
2902:
2901:
2897:
2887:
2885:
2876:
2875:
2871:
2861:
2859:
2850:
2849:
2845:
2835:
2833:
2824:
2823:
2819:
2804:
2800:
2790:
2788:
2780:
2779:
2775:
2765:
2763:
2754:
2753:
2749:
2739:
2737:
2728:
2727:
2723:
2713:
2711:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2673:
2671:
2667:
2666:
2662:
2652:
2650:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2628:
2624:
2613:
2611:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2591:Wayback Machine
2582:
2578:
2568:
2566:
2557:
2556:
2552:
2544:
2540:
2530:
2528:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2509:
2507:
2498:
2497:
2493:
2483:
2481:
2471:
2467:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2442:"GEOSET Studio"
2440:
2439:
2435:
2425:
2423:
2418:
2417:
2413:
2403:
2401:
2392:
2391:
2387:
2377:
2375:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2306:
2302:
2257:
2253:
2237:
2236:
2232:Chemistry World
2224:
2220:
2175:
2171:
2139:
2135:
2119:
2118:
2114:Chemistry World
2106:
2102:
2086:
2085:
2081:Chemistry World
2073:
2069:
2059:
2057:
2048:
2047:
2043:
2033:
2031:
2027:
2016:
2012:
2011:
2004:
1994:
1992:
1991:on 21 June 2016
1981:"2015 Awardees"
1979:
1978:
1971:
1961:
1959:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1903:
1899:
1884:
1880:
1865:
1861:
1851:
1849:
1840:
1839:
1835:
1825:
1823:
1815:
1814:
1805:
1766:
1762:
1752:
1750:
1749:on 9 March 2016
1741:
1740:
1736:
1699:
1695:
1682:(13): 513–515.
1676:
1672:
1662:
1660:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1637:
1635:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1611:
1609:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1586:
1585:
1581:
1573:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1536:
1534:
1526:
1525:
1521:
1512:
1505:
1495:
1493:
1488:
1487:
1476:
1468:
1464:
1451:
1450:
1435:
1419:10.1038/533470a
1388:Curl, Robert F.
1384:Heath, James R.
1381:
1374:
1322:
1318:
1305:
1304:
1297:
1287:
1285:
1252:
1248:
1243:
1231:
1213:
1083:
1061:Knight Bachelor
1057:
984:Richard Smalley
962:Tilden Lecturer
957:
949:
910:Richard Dawkins
892:
883:
836:religious dogma
824:
815:
784:Kroto spoke at
753:Rice University
670:
658:
620:
616:
601:
591:
584:Richard Smalley
564:
543:
500:carbon suboxide
487:
482:
371:
345:Richard Smalley
322:
307:
299:
298:
297:
296:
295:
292:
284:
281:
252:
236:
198:
175:Knight Bachelor
149:
146: 1963)
141:
137:
134:
108:Alma mater
93:
87:
83:
74:
68:
62:
60:
59:
58:
48:
36:
31:
29:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7299:
7289:
7288:
7283:
7278:
7273:
7268:
7263:
7258:
7253:
7248:
7243:
7238:
7233:
7228:
7223:
7218:
7213:
7208:
7203:
7198:
7193:
7188:
7183:
7178:
7173:
7168:
7163:
7158:
7153:
7148:
7143:
7128:
7127:
7115:
7103:
7101:United Kingdom
7080:
7079:
7067:
7064:
7063:
7061:
7060:
7054:
7048:
7042:
7036:
7030:
7024:
7018:
7012:
7006:
7000:
6994:
6988:
6982:
6976:
6969:
6967:
6963:
6962:
6953:
6952:
6945:
6938:
6930:
6921:
6920:
6918:
6917:
6912:
6907:
6902:
6900:Art collection
6896:
6894:
6890:
6889:
6887:
6886:
6881:
6876:
6871:
6865:
6863:
6859:
6858:
6856:
6855:
6850:
6845:
6840:
6835:
6833:David Phillips
6830:
6825:
6820:
6818:Simon Campbell
6815:
6810:
6805:
6800:
6795:
6790:
6785:
6780:
6775:
6770:
6768:Richard Norman
6765:
6760:
6754:
6752:
6746:
6745:
6743:
6742:
6735:
6728:
6721:
6714:
6707:
6700:
6693:
6686:
6679:
6672:
6665:
6658:
6651:
6644:
6637:
6630:
6623:
6616:
6609:
6602:
6595:
6588:
6581:
6580:
6579:
6572:
6571:
6570:
6563:
6549:
6548:
6547:
6540:
6526:
6519:
6512:
6505:
6498:
6491:
6477:
6476:
6475:
6468:
6461:
6447:
6440:
6433:
6426:
6419:
6412:
6405:
6398:
6391:
6384:
6377:
6370:
6363:
6356:
6349:
6342:
6335:
6334:
6333:
6326:
6319:
6307:
6300:
6293:
6285:
6283:
6271:
6270:
6268:
6267:
6260:
6253:
6246:
6241:
6236:
6228:
6226:
6222:
6221:
6219:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6198:
6193:
6188:
6183:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6143:
6138:
6137:
6136:
6131:
6121:
6116:
6111:
6106:
6101:
6096:
6091:
6086:
6081:
6076:
6071:
6066:
6061:
6056:
6051:
6046:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6026:
6020:
6018:
6012:
6011:
6009:
6008:
6007:
6006:
6001:
5990:
5988:
5984:
5983:
5976:
5975:
5968:
5961:
5953:
5944:
5943:
5941:
5940:
5935:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5877:
5874:
5873:
5871:
5870:
5864:
5861:James Mirrlees
5857:
5855:
5849:
5848:
5846:
5845:
5839:
5832:
5830:
5824:
5823:
5821:
5820:
5814:
5808:
5801:
5799:
5793:
5792:
5790:
5789:
5783:
5776:
5774:
5768:
5767:
5761:
5759:
5748:
5747:
5745:
5744:
5738:
5732:
5725:
5723:
5717:
5716:
5707:
5706:
5699:
5692:
5684:
5675:
5674:
5672:
5671:
5655:
5639:
5627:
5615:
5599:
5592:Gregory Winter
5588:Frances Arnold
5583:
5567:
5551:
5535:
5519:
5512:Michael Levitt
5508:Martin Karplus
5503:
5491:
5483:
5467:
5451:
5448:Roger Y. Tsien
5444:Martin Chalfie
5435:
5427:
5419:
5403:
5387:
5375:
5359:
5342:
5340:
5336:
5335:
5333:
5332:
5321:Alan J. Heeger
5316:
5308:
5296:
5289:John E. Walker
5280:
5264:
5248:
5240:
5228:
5220:
5212:
5204:
5192:
5189:Hartmut Michel
5176:
5165:Donald J. Cram
5160:
5144:
5132:
5124:
5116:
5108:
5105:Roald Hoffmann
5096:
5089:Walter Gilbert
5080:
5068:
5060:
5057:Ilya Prigogine
5052:
5043:
5041:
5037:
5036:
5034:
5033:
5026:John Cornforth
5021:
5013:
5001:
4994:Stanford Moore
4985:
4977:
4969:
4957:
4949:
4942:Ronald Norrish
4933:
4925:
4917:
4909:
4897:
4885:
4877:
4869:
4861:
4853:
4850:Alexander Todd
4845:
4833:
4825:
4817:
4809:
4797:
4790:Edwin McMillan
4784:
4782:
4778:
4777:
4775:
4774:
4762:
4754:
4746:
4738:
4722:
4714:
4706:
4698:
4691:
4684:
4677:
4665:
4657:
4650:Norman Haworth
4645:
4637:
4625:
4617:
4610:
4602:
4590:
4582:
4570:
4562:
4554:
4545:
4543:
4539:
4538:
4531:
4529:
4527:
4526:
4518:
4511:
4503:
4495:
4487:
4484:Walther Nernst
4479:
4472:
4464:
4457:
4450:
4442:
4434:
4426:
4414:
4406:
4398:
4390:
4382:
4379:Eduard Buchner
4374:
4366:
4358:
4355:William Ramsay
4350:
4342:
4334:
4325:
4323:
4319:
4318:
4307:
4306:
4299:
4292:
4284:
4275:
4274:
4272:
4271:
4263:
4255:
4247:
4239:
4231:
4223:
4215:
4207:
4199:
4191:
4183:
4175:
4171:John E. Walker
4167:
4159:
4147:
4139:
4131:
4123:
4115:
4107:
4099:
4091:
4083:
4079:Jacques Miller
4074:
4071:
4070:
4068:(2001–present)
4062:
4061:
4054:
4047:
4039:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4026:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3994:
3992:
3988:
3987:
3985:
3984:
3979:
3977:Gregory Winter
3974:
3969:
3964:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3910:Derek W. Moore
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3870:Louise Johnson
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3776:
3774:
3770:
3769:
3754:
3753:
3746:
3739:
3731:
3725:
3724:
3715:
3701:
3690:
3684:
3678:
3672:
3665:
3664:External links
3662:
3661:
3660:
3644:
3641:
3638:
3637:
3618:
3600:
3578:
3552:
3530:
3519:on 1 July 2016
3504:
3478:
3456:
3439:"North Campus"
3430:
3404:
3376:
3350:
3328:
3306:
3276:
3254:
3228:
3201:
3194:
3155:
3129:
3103:
3080:
3052:
3017:
2999:
2970:
2947:
2921:
2910:on 4 June 2016
2895:
2884:. 13 June 2015
2869:
2843:
2817:
2798:
2773:
2747:
2721:
2699:
2681:
2660:
2634:
2622:
2595:
2576:
2550:
2538:
2517:
2506:. 19 June 2003
2491:
2465:
2451:
2446:geoset.fsu.edu
2433:
2411:
2385:
2359:
2300:
2251:
2218:
2169:
2133:
2100:
2067:
2041:
2002:
1969:
1947:
1897:
1878:
1859:
1833:
1803:
1760:
1734:
1728:10.1086/182117
1693:
1670:
1645:
1619:
1597:
1579:
1562:
1544:
1519:
1503:
1474:
1462:
1457:NobelPrize.org
1433:
1372:
1316:
1295:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1238:
1237:
1230:
1227:
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1199:
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1160:
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1127:
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1109:
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1100:
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1018:
1015:
1012:
1006:
1000:
993:
990:
987:
976:
969:
958:
956:
953:
948:
945:
933:James R. Heath
891:
888:
882:
881:Graphic design
879:
823:
820:
814:
811:
738:nanotechnology
669:
666:
657:
654:
640:, diamond and
618:
614:
613:In 1985, the C
608:geodesic domes
599:
589:
576:James R. Heath
563:
560:
542:
539:
520:astrochemistry
496:phosphaalkenes
486:
483:
481:
478:
370:
367:
315:
314:
305:
301:
300:
293:
282:
277:
276:
275:
274:
273:
270:
269:
266:
265:
263:Perdita Barran
260:
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237:
235:
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229:
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221:
217:
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207:
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165:
163:
159:
158:
155:
151:
150:
139:
135:
132:
131:
129:
125:
124:
119:
118:Known for
115:
114:
109:
105:
104:
99:
95:
94:
88:
86:(aged 76)
80:
76:
75:
69:
67:7 October 1939
56:
54:
50:
49:
46:
38:
37:
30:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7298:
7287:
7284:
7282:
7279:
7277:
7274:
7272:
7269:
7267:
7264:
7262:
7259:
7257:
7254:
7252:
7249:
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7244:
7242:
7239:
7237:
7234:
7232:
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7214:
7212:
7209:
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7092:
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6854:
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6811:
6809:
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6622:
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6610:
6608:
6607:
6603:
6601:
6600:
6599:Lab on a Chip
6596:
6594:
6593:
6589:
6587:
6586:
6582:
6578:
6577:
6573:
6569:
6568:
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6506:
6504:
6503:
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6431:
6427:
6425:
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6420:
6418:
6417:
6413:
6411:
6410:
6406:
6404:
6403:
6399:
6397:
6396:
6392:
6390:
6389:
6385:
6383:
6382:
6378:
6376:
6375:
6371:
6369:
6368:
6364:
6362:
6361:
6357:
6355:
6354:
6350:
6348:
6347:
6343:
6341:
6340:
6336:
6332:
6331:
6327:
6325:
6324:
6320:
6318:
6317:
6313:
6312:
6311:
6308:
6306:
6305:
6301:
6299:
6298:
6294:
6292:
6291:
6287:
6286:
6284:
6281:
6280:peer reviewed
6276:
6272:
6266:
6265:
6261:
6259:
6258:
6254:
6252:
6251:
6247:
6245:
6242:
6240:
6237:
6235:
6234:
6230:
6229:
6227:
6223:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6191:Polanyi Medal
6189:
6187:
6184:
6182:
6179:
6177:
6174:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6135:
6134:Meldola Medal
6132:
6130:
6127:
6126:
6125:
6122:
6120:
6117:
6115:
6112:
6110:
6107:
6105:
6102:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6085:
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6080:
6077:
6075:
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6067:
6065:
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6060:
6057:
6055:
6052:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6021:
6019:
6017:
6013:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5996:
5995:
5992:
5991:
5989:
5985:
5981:
5974:
5969:
5967:
5962:
5960:
5955:
5954:
5951:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5883:
5879:
5878:
5875:
5868:
5865:
5862:
5859:
5858:
5856:
5854:
5850:
5844:(Switzerland)
5843:
5840:
5837:
5834:
5833:
5831:
5829:
5825:
5818:
5815:
5812:
5809:
5806:
5803:
5802:
5800:
5798:
5794:
5787:
5784:
5781:
5778:
5777:
5775:
5773:
5769:
5764:
5760:
5757:
5753:
5749:
5742:
5739:
5736:
5733:
5730:
5727:
5726:
5724:
5722:
5718:
5713:
5705:
5700:
5698:
5693:
5691:
5686:
5685:
5682:
5669:
5665:
5664:Louis E. Brus
5661:
5656:
5653:
5649:
5645:
5640:
5637:
5636:Benjamin List
5633:
5628:
5625:
5621:
5616:
5613:
5612:Akira Yoshino
5609:
5605:
5600:
5597:
5593:
5589:
5584:
5581:
5577:
5576:Joachim Frank
5573:
5568:
5565:
5561:
5557:
5552:
5549:
5545:
5541:
5540:Tomas Lindahl
5536:
5533:
5529:
5525:
5520:
5517:
5516:Arieh Warshel
5513:
5509:
5504:
5501:
5500:Brian Kobilka
5497:
5492:
5489:
5488:Dan Shechtman
5484:
5481:
5477:
5473:
5468:
5465:
5464:Ada E. Yonath
5461:
5457:
5452:
5449:
5445:
5441:
5436:
5433:
5428:
5425:
5420:
5417:
5413:
5409:
5404:
5401:
5397:
5396:Avram Hershko
5393:
5388:
5385:
5381:
5376:
5373:
5372:Kurt Wüthrich
5369:
5368:Koichi Tanaka
5365:
5360:
5357:
5353:
5349:
5344:
5343:
5341:
5337:
5330:
5326:
5322:
5317:
5314:
5309:
5306:
5302:
5297:
5294:
5290:
5286:
5285:Paul D. Boyer
5281:
5278:
5274:
5270:
5265:
5262:
5258:
5254:
5249:
5246:
5241:
5238:
5237:Michael Smith
5234:
5229:
5226:
5221:
5218:
5213:
5210:
5205:
5202:
5198:
5197:Sidney Altman
5193:
5190:
5186:
5182:
5177:
5174:
5170:
5166:
5161:
5158:
5154:
5150:
5145:
5142:
5138:
5133:
5130:
5125:
5122:
5117:
5114:
5109:
5106:
5102:
5101:Kenichi Fukui
5097:
5094:
5090:
5086:
5081:
5078:
5074:
5069:
5066:
5061:
5058:
5053:
5050:
5045:
5044:
5042:
5038:
5031:
5027:
5022:
5019:
5014:
5011:
5007:
5002:
4999:
4998:William Stein
4995:
4991:
4986:
4983:
4978:
4975:
4970:
4967:
4963:
4958:
4955:
4950:
4947:
4946:George Porter
4943:
4939:
4938:Manfred Eigen
4934:
4931:
4926:
4923:
4918:
4915:
4910:
4907:
4903:
4898:
4895:
4891:
4886:
4883:
4882:Melvin Calvin
4878:
4875:
4874:Willard Libby
4870:
4867:
4862:
4859:
4854:
4851:
4846:
4843:
4839:
4834:
4831:
4826:
4823:
4822:Linus Pauling
4818:
4815:
4810:
4807:
4806:Richard Synge
4803:
4802:Archer Martin
4798:
4795:
4791:
4786:
4785:
4783:
4779:
4772:
4768:
4763:
4760:
4755:
4752:
4751:Arne Tiselius
4747:
4744:
4739:
4736:
4732:
4731:John Northrop
4728:
4723:
4720:
4715:
4712:
4707:
4704:
4699:
4692:
4685:
4678:
4675:
4671:
4666:
4663:
4658:
4655:
4651:
4646:
4643:
4638:
4635:
4631:
4626:
4623:
4618:
4611:
4608:
4603:
4600:
4596:
4591:
4588:
4583:
4580:
4576:
4575:Arthur Harden
4571:
4568:
4567:Adolf Windaus
4563:
4560:
4555:
4552:
4547:
4546:
4544:
4540:
4524:
4519:
4512:
4509:
4504:
4501:
4500:Francis Aston
4496:
4493:
4488:
4485:
4480:
4473:
4470:
4465:
4458:
4451:
4448:
4443:
4440:
4435:
4432:
4431:Alfred Werner
4427:
4424:
4423:Paul Sabatier
4420:
4415:
4412:
4407:
4404:
4399:
4396:
4391:
4388:
4383:
4380:
4375:
4372:
4371:Henri Moissan
4367:
4364:
4359:
4356:
4351:
4348:
4343:
4340:
4335:
4332:
4327:
4326:
4324:
4320:
4316:
4312:
4305:
4300:
4298:
4293:
4291:
4286:
4285:
4282:
4268:
4264:
4260:
4256:
4252:
4248:
4244:
4240:
4236:
4232:
4228:
4224:
4220:
4216:
4212:
4208:
4204:
4200:
4196:
4192:
4188:
4187:Alec Jeffreys
4184:
4180:
4176:
4172:
4168:
4164:
4160:
4156:
4155:Tomas Lindahl
4152:
4148:
4144:
4140:
4136:
4135:Roger Penrose
4132:
4128:
4124:
4120:
4116:
4112:
4108:
4104:
4100:
4096:
4092:
4088:
4084:
4080:
4076:
4075:
4072:
4067:
4060:
4055:
4053:
4048:
4046:
4041:
4040:
4037:
4024:
4023:Lyman Spitzer
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3995:
3993:
3989:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3972:Alan Williams
3970:
3968:
3965:
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3958:
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3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3895:Steven V. Ley
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3880:Carole Jordan
3878:
3876:
3875:Vaughan Jones
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3830:Leslie Dutton
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3762:Royal Society
3759:
3752:
3747:
3745:
3740:
3738:
3733:
3732:
3729:
3723:
3719:
3716:
3713:
3709:
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3699:
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3588:
3582:
3566:
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3508:
3492:
3488:
3482:
3466:
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3444:
3440:
3434:
3418:
3414:
3408:
3392:
3391:
3386:
3380:
3364:
3360:
3354:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3332:
3316:
3310:
3294:
3290:
3286:
3280:
3264:
3258:
3243:on 7 May 2016
3242:
3238:
3232:
3224:
3220:
3219:Royal Society
3216:
3210:
3208:
3206:
3197:
3195:9780387270289
3191:
3187:
3186:
3178:
3176:
3174:
3172:
3170:
3168:
3166:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3144:
3140:
3133:
3118:
3114:
3107:
3091:
3090:"Harry Kroto"
3084:
3069:
3068:
3063:
3056:
3040:
3036:
3035:
3029:
3021:
3013:
3009:
3003:
2987:
2983:
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2975:
2958:
2951:
2936:
2932:
2925:
2909:
2905:
2899:
2883:
2879:
2873:
2857:
2853:
2847:
2831:
2827:
2821:
2813:
2809:
2802:
2787:
2783:
2777:
2762:. 24 May 2012
2761:
2757:
2751:
2735:
2731:
2725:
2709:
2703:
2695:
2691:
2685:
2670:
2664:
2648:
2644:
2638:
2631:
2626:
2609:
2605:
2599:
2592:
2588:
2585:
2580:
2564:
2560:
2559:"FSU Profile"
2554:
2547:
2542:
2527:
2521:
2505:
2501:
2500:"Harry Kroto"
2495:
2480:
2476:
2469:
2461:
2455:
2447:
2443:
2437:
2421:
2415:
2399:
2395:
2389:
2373:
2369:
2363:
2355:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2304:
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2287:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2255:
2247:
2241:
2233:
2229:
2222:
2214:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2173:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2137:
2129:
2123:
2115:
2111:
2104:
2096:
2090:
2082:
2078:
2071:
2055:
2051:
2045:
2030:on 6 May 2017
2026:
2022:
2015:
2009:
2007:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1976:
1974:
1958:. Nobel Prize
1957:
1951:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1901:
1893:
1889:
1886:Dean, Chris.
1882:
1874:
1870:
1867:Dean, Chris.
1863:
1847:
1843:
1837:
1822:
1818:
1812:
1810:
1808:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1764:
1748:
1744:
1738:
1729:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1697:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1674:
1659:
1655:
1649:
1633:
1629:
1623:
1607:
1601:
1593:
1589:
1583:
1572:
1566:
1558:
1554:
1548:
1533:
1529:
1523:
1516:
1510:
1508:
1491:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1471:
1466:
1458:
1454:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1429:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1404:(7604): 470.
1403:
1399:
1398:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1379:
1377:
1368:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1330:
1326:
1320:
1312:
1308:
1302:
1300:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1258:
1250:
1246:
1236:
1233:
1232:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
998:
994:
991:
988:
985:
981:
977:
975:(FRS) in 1990
974:
970:
967:
963:
960:
959:
952:
944:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
921:
917:
916:
911:
907:
905:
901:
897:
887:
878:
875:
873:
869:
868:Michael Reiss
864:
862:
857:
855:
851:
850:
845:
841:
840:Bernie Madoff
837:
833:
829:
819:
813:Personal life
810:
808:
803:
801:
797:
796:
791:
787:
782:
780:
776:
772:
767:
765:
760:
758:
754:
750:
746:
741:
739:
735:
731:
730:Francis Eppes
727:
722:
720:
715:
713:
709:
705:
701:
696:
694:
686:
681:
677:
675:
665:
663:
653:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
622:
611:
609:
605:
597:
593:
585:
581:
577:
568:
559:
555:
553:
548:
538:
536:
532:
528:
523:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
477:
475:
471:
467:
463:
458:
456:
452:
446:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
423:
418:
416:
412:
411:Bolton School
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
366:
363:
361:
357:
352:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
325:
321:
312:
306:
302:
294:recorded 2014
280:
279:Kroto's voice
271:
267:
264:
261:
257:
250:
249:
245:
243:
239:
233:
230:
228:
225:
224:
222:
218:
215:
212:
208:
205:
201:
194:
191:
188:
185:
182:
179:
176:
173:
170:
167:
166:
164:
160:
156:
152:
130:
126:
123:
120:
116:
113:
110:
106:
103:
102:Bolton School
100:
96:
91:
82:30 April 2016
81:
77:
72:
55:
51:
47:Kroto in 2010
44:
39:
34:
22:
19:
7196:English Jews
7026:
6905:Blue plaques
6828:David Garner
6812:
6788:Charles Rees
6783:Rex Richards
6763:John Cadogan
6737:
6732:RSC Advances
6730:
6723:
6716:
6709:
6704:PhysChemComm
6702:
6695:
6688:
6681:
6674:
6667:
6660:
6653:
6646:
6639:
6632:
6625:
6618:
6611:
6604:
6597:
6590:
6583:
6576:Transactions
6574:
6565:
6558:
6551:
6542:
6535:
6528:
6521:
6514:
6507:
6500:
6493:
6486:
6479:
6470:
6463:
6456:
6449:
6442:
6435:
6428:
6421:
6414:
6407:
6400:
6395:CrystEngComm
6393:
6386:
6379:
6372:
6365:
6358:
6351:
6344:
6337:
6328:
6321:
6314:
6309:
6302:
6295:
6288:
6262:
6255:
6248:
6231:
6225:Publications
6216:Tilden Prize
6166:Marlow Award
6064:Bourke Award
6004:Hon. Fellows
5912:
5788:(East Timor)
5782:(East Timor)
5734:
5596:George Smith
5476:Akira Suzuki
5432:Gerhard Ertl
5416:Yves Chauvin
5364:John B. Fenn
5352:Ryoji Noyori
5339:2001–present
5313:Ahmed Zewail
5273:Harold Kroto
5272:
5257:Mario Molina
5185:Robert Huber
5157:John Polanyi
5141:Jerome Karle
5077:Georg Wittig
4962:Derek Barton
4954:Lars Onsager
4906:Giulio Natta
4902:Karl Ziegler
4894:John Kendrew
4662:Richard Kuhn
4587:Hans Fischer
4403:Otto Wallach
4339:Emil Fischer
4211:Andrew Wiles
4163:Dan McKenzie
4143:Martin Evans
4102:
4013:E. O. Wilson
3959:
3940:George Stark
3935:Allan Snyder
3889:
3658:. June 2016.
3653:
3632:the Guardian
3631:
3621:
3612:
3603:
3591:. Retrieved
3581:
3569:. Retrieved
3565:the original
3555:
3543:. Retrieved
3533:
3521:. Retrieved
3517:the original
3507:
3495:. Retrieved
3491:the original
3481:
3469:. Retrieved
3459:
3447:. Retrieved
3442:
3433:
3421:. Retrieved
3416:
3407:
3395:. Retrieved
3388:
3379:
3367:. Retrieved
3363:the original
3353:
3340:
3331:
3319:. Retrieved
3309:
3297:. Retrieved
3293:the original
3288:
3279:
3267:. Retrieved
3257:
3245:. Retrieved
3241:the original
3231:
3223:the original
3184:
3146:. Retrieved
3142:
3132:
3120:. Retrieved
3116:
3106:
3094:. Retrieved
3083:
3071:. Retrieved
3067:The Guardian
3065:
3055:
3043:. Retrieved
3032:
3020:
3011:
3002:
2990:. Retrieved
2986:the original
2961:. Retrieved
2950:
2938:. Retrieved
2935:The Guardian
2934:
2924:
2912:. Retrieved
2908:the original
2898:
2886:. Retrieved
2882:The Observer
2881:
2872:
2862:16 September
2860:. Retrieved
2856:The Guardian
2855:
2846:
2834:. Retrieved
2830:the original
2820:
2812:The Guardian
2811:
2801:
2789:. Retrieved
2785:
2776:
2764:. Retrieved
2750:
2738:. Retrieved
2734:the original
2724:
2712:. Retrieved
2702:
2693:
2684:
2672:. Retrieved
2663:
2651:. Retrieved
2647:the original
2637:
2625:
2612:. Retrieved
2608:the original
2598:
2579:
2567:. Retrieved
2563:the original
2553:
2541:
2529:. Retrieved
2520:
2508:. Retrieved
2503:
2494:
2482:. Retrieved
2478:
2468:
2454:
2445:
2436:
2424:. Retrieved
2414:
2402:. Retrieved
2397:
2388:
2376:. Retrieved
2371:
2362:
2317:
2313:
2303:
2268:
2264:
2254:
2231:
2221:
2186:
2182:
2172:
2147:
2143:
2136:
2113:
2103:
2080:
2070:
2058:. Retrieved
2054:the original
2044:
2032:. Retrieved
2025:the original
2021:illinois.edu
2020:
1993:. Retrieved
1989:the original
1985:illinois.edu
1984:
1960:. Retrieved
1950:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1900:
1891:
1881:
1872:
1862:
1850:. Retrieved
1845:
1836:
1824:. Retrieved
1820:
1773:
1769:
1763:
1751:. Retrieved
1747:the original
1737:
1710:
1706:
1696:
1679:
1673:
1661:. Retrieved
1657:
1648:
1636:. Retrieved
1631:
1622:
1610:. Retrieved
1600:
1591:
1582:
1565:
1556:
1547:
1535:. Retrieved
1531:
1522:
1514:
1494:. Retrieved
1465:
1456:
1401:
1395:
1338:
1332:
1319:
1311:the original
1286:. Retrieved
1282:the original
1261:
1256:
1249:
1069:
1058:
1021:Dalton Medal
1009:Carbon Medal
955:Major awards
950:
941:Monty Python
924:
920:Zack Kopplin
913:
908:
893:
884:
876:
865:
861:Asteroid Day
858:
849:The Guardian
847:
843:
825:
816:
804:
793:
783:
769:He spoke at
768:
761:
743:He spoke at
742:
723:
716:
711:
703:
697:
690:
671:
659:
623:
612:
573:
556:
544:
524:
512:spectroscopy
491:
488:
459:
447:
439:Harry Heaney
419:
415:Ian McKellen
372:
364:
353:
328:
319:
318:
246:
220:Institutions
203:
193:Copley Medal
181:Dalton Medal
84:(2016-04-30)
18:
7146:2016 deaths
7141:1939 births
6862:Formed from
6848:John Holman
6823:James Feast
6758:Ewart Jones
6739:Soft Matter
6634:Metallomics
6613:MedChemComm
6034:Bader Award
5838:(Australia)
5712:Nobel Prize
5564:Ben Feringa
5548:Aziz Sancar
5528:Stefan Hell
5524:Eric Betzig
5301:Walter Kohn
5269:Robert Curl
5245:George Olah
5233:Kary Mullis
5209:Elias Corey
5201:Thomas Cech
5153:Yuan T. Lee
5121:Henry Taube
4654:Paul Karrer
4642:Peter Debye
4622:Harold Urey
4508:Fritz Pregl
4469:Fritz Haber
4411:Marie Curie
4259:Martin Rees
4235:Alan Fersht
4195:Peter Higgs
4103:Harry Kroto
4095:John Gurdon
3950:Bob Vaughan
3805:Robin Clark
3795:David Brown
3780:Roger Angel
3718:Harry Kroto
2836:6 September
2694:www.uttv.ee
2531:6 September
2510:6 September
2484:8 September
1848:. June 2016
1638:7 September
1341:: 413–442.
997:Don Huffman
980:Robert Curl
929:Robert Curl
900:East Sussex
872:creationism
757:Robert Curl
734:nanoscience
580:Robert Curl
407:enemy alien
403:Isle of Man
379:Isle of Ely
369:Early years
341:Robert Curl
28:Harry Kroto
7135:Categories
6966:Recipients
6808:Steven Ley
6773:Jack Lewis
6750:Presidents
6239:ChemSpider
5994:Fellowship
5987:Membership
5752:Literature
5400:Irwin Rose
5380:Peter Agre
5305:John Pople
5113:Aaron Klug
5018:Paul Flory
4966:Odd Hassel
4890:Max Perutz
4771:Kurt Alder
4767:Otto Diels
4595:Carl Bosch
4179:Andre Geim
4127:Robert May
4111:Paul Nurse
4087:John Pople
3982:Semir Zeki
3925:David Read
3900:Lew Mander
3885:John Knott
3850:Allen Hill
3790:David Bohm
3285:"About us"
3217:. London:
2614:9 December
2569:29 January
2189:(5): 855.
2060:29 January
1663:11 January
1288:3 November
1262:jisc.ac.uk
1241:References
971:Elected a
476:in Paris.
435:sixth form
349:fullerenes
63:1939-10-07
7113:Biography
6655:Nanoscale
6516:Abstracts
5721:Chemistry
5714:laureates
5085:Paul Berg
5040:1976–2000
4781:1951–1975
4711:Otto Hahn
4542:1926–1950
4322:1901–1925
4311:Laureates
4151:David Cox
3397:21 August
2791:31 August
2786:Goodreads
2479:The Times
1612:21 August
1537:23 August
1496:21 August
1367:0080-4606
968:, 1981–82
712:The Times
704:The Times
632:. Other
630:fullerene
626:allotrope
592:molecules
504:molecules
485:Education
427:chemistry
214:Chemistry
98:Education
7075:Category
6275:Journals
5765:(Poland)
3764:elected
3039:Archived
2674:12 April
2653:12 April
2587:Archived
2354:24145444
2295:25524825
2271:: 5844.
2240:cite web
2213:22617295
2164:19725496
2122:cite web
2089:cite web
1852:21 March
1713:: L173.
1428:27225112
1390:(2016).
1327:(2017).
1270:53686642
1229:See also
775:Kottayam
642:graphene
638:graphite
636:include
391:refugees
387:Bojanowo
383:Silesian
154:Children
7125:Science
7087:Portals
6290:Analyst
5999:Fellows
5797:Physics
4313:of the
3991:Foreign
3773:Fellows
3766:in 1990
3760:of the
3758:Fellows
3706:at the
3449:6 March
3423:6 March
2888:13 June
2630:Erudite
2345:3831496
2322:Bibcode
2273:Bibcode
2191:Bibcode
1942:4345630
1922:Bibcode
1826:18 July
1798:4314237
1778:Bibcode
1715:Bibcode
1406:Bibcode
1063:in the
964:of the
648:by the
529:at the
431:physics
422:Meccano
375:Wisbech
333:chemist
304:Website
148:
140:
136:
71:Wisbech
7059:(2016)
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