Knowledge

Heap (mathematics)

Source 📝

1220:
This reduces to the heap of a group if a particular morphism between the two objects is chosen as the identity. This intuitively relates the description of isomorphisms between two objects as a heap and the description of isomorphisms between multiple objects as a groupoid.
1516:
of semigroup theory to semiheaps and defined a ρ class to be those elements generating the same principle two-sided ideal. He then proved that no i-simple semiheap can have more than two ρ classes.
1619: 267: 2396: 2056: 1335: 1697: 1965: 1443: 1274: 742: 601: 409: 2328: 1030: 1216: 1106: 979: 377: 1840: 1392: 890: 834: 87: 794: 458: 2230: 2117: 1891: 1871: 933: 913: 765: 429: 2646: 92: 1722:, in 1974 K. A. Zareckii followed Mustafaev's lead to describe ideal equivalence, regularity classes, and ideal factors of a semiheap. 2345: 2574: 1996: 1530: 2584: 2504: 2466: 2682: 2744: 1283: 2235: 1652: 2674: 2497: 1457:. Thus a heap is more than a tweak of a group: it is a general concept including a group as a trivial case. 2749: 2137: 1896: 1409: 1240: 1487:
When the above construction is applied to a heap, the result is in fact a group. Note that the identity
607: 466: 385: 1125: 990: 1158: 1048: 2403: 1711: 1277: 1136: 940: 344: 1744: 1340: 2059: 839: 2708: 2660: 2616: 2561: 2546: 2531: 2472: 1990: 1630: 1513: 807: 48: 770: 434: 8: 2419: 1978:
is required to satisfy only the para-associative law but need not obey the identity law.
321: 298: 28: 2078: 320:, promulgator of semiheaps, heaps, and generalized heaps. Груда contrasts with группа ( 2399: 1986: 1876: 1856: 1512:
with an "i-simple semiheap" being one with no proper ideals. Mustafaeva translated the
918: 898: 750: 414: 2654: 2678: 2580: 2500: 2462: 1851: 1498: 1473: 1399: 42: 35: 2722: 2494:
Mathematics across the Iron Curtain: a history of the algebraic theory of semigroups
1850:
satisfies the identity law but not necessarily the para-associative law, that is, a
324:) which was taken into Russian by transliteration. Indeed, a heap has been called a 2650: 2642: 2063: 1454: 1450: 309: 20: 2704: 2657: 2612: 2558: 2543: 2528: 2469: 1509: 2459: 2407: 1633:
and the ternary operation of the semiheap applies at the left of a string from
2738: 2692: 1446: 915:
to be the identity of a new group on the set of integers, with the operation
317: 297:
is a semiheap in which every element is biunitary. It can be thought of as a
2669:(1979). "Inverse semigroups and generalised grouds". In A.F. Lavrik (ed.). 2666: 380: 1449:
was motivated to form this heap by his study of transition maps in an
1445:
so a mathematical structure has been formed by the ternary operation.
1981:
An example of a semigroud that is not in general a groud is given by
1505: 32: 1140: 1121: 893: 2342:
A semigroud is a generalised groud if the relation → defined by
1645:
can have at most 5 regularity classes. Mustafaev calls an ideal
308:
is derived from груда, Russian for "heap", "pile", or "stack".
2576:
Mal'cev, Protomodular, Homological and Semi-Abelian Categories
1120:
The heap of a group may be generalized again to the case of a
2695:(1968). "On the algebraic theory of coordinate atlases, II". 1614:{\displaystyle D(m,n)=\{a\mid \exists x\in S:a=a^{n}xa^{m}\}} 2726: 1491:
of the group can be chosen to be any element of the heap.
1041:
The previous two examples may be generalized to any group
2542:
L. G. Mustafaev (1965) "Regularity classes of semiheaps"
2527:
L. G. Mustafaev (1966) "Ideal equivalences of semiheaps"
262:{\displaystyle \forall a,b,c,d,e\in H\quad ,d,e]=,e]=].} 1725: 1703:= D(2,2), then every ideal is isolated and conversely. 2557:
K. A. Zareckii (1974) "Semiheaps of binary relations"
1508:, the structure of semiheaps is described in terms of 1139:. The elements of the heap may be identified with the 1115: 2645:(1929) "On a generalization of the associative law", 2348: 2238: 2140: 2081: 1999: 1899: 1879: 1859: 1747: 1655: 1533: 1412: 1343: 1286: 1243: 1161: 1051: 993: 943: 921: 901: 842: 810: 773: 753: 610: 469: 437: 417: 388: 347: 95: 51: 1520:He also described regularity classes of a semiheap 2390: 2322: 2224: 2111: 2050: 1959: 1885: 1865: 1834: 1691: 1613: 1437: 1386: 1329: 1268: 1210: 1100: 1024: 973: 927: 907: 884: 828: 788: 759: 736: 595: 452: 423: 403: 371: 261: 89:that satisfies a modified associativity property: 81: 2647:Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 1739:satisfies the partial para-associative condition 2736: 2391:{\displaystyle a\rightarrow b\Leftrightarrow =a} 2051:{\displaystyle =x\cdot y^{\mathrm {T} }\cdot z} 2691: 2572: 2514: 2512: 1608: 1555: 1406:. The result of this composition is also in 1330:{\displaystyle p,q,r\in {\mathcal {B}}(A,B)} 366: 354: 16:Algebraic structure with a ternary operation 2598: 2596: 2573:Borceux, Francis; Bourn, Dominique (2004). 2673:. Amer. Math. Soc. Transl. Vol. 113. 2602: 2496:, pages 264,5, History of Mathematics 41, 1692:{\displaystyle a^{n}\in B\implies a\in B.} 1676: 1672: 1224: 892:to produce a heap. We can then choose any 2579:. Springer Science & Business Media. 2509: 2450: 2448: 2446: 2444: 2442: 2440: 2438: 703: 672: 641: 562: 531: 500: 2593: 1108:using the multiplication and inverse of 2603:Moldavs'ka, Z. Ja. "Linear semiheaps". 2454:C.D. Hollings & M.V. Lawson (2017) 1497:: Every semiheap may be embedded in an 1143:from A to B, such that three morphisms 460:. Then it produces the following heap: 301:with the identity element "forgotten". 2737: 2665: 2483:Schein (1979) pp.101–102: footnote (o) 2435: 1468:: A semiheap with a biunitary element 1155:define a heap operation according to 2456:Wagner's Theory of Generalised Heaps 1726:Generalizations and related concepts 1045:by defining the ternary relation as 2406:. In a generalised groud, → is an 1960:{\displaystyle f(x,x,y)=f(y,x,x)=y} 1438:{\displaystyle {\mathcal {B}}(A,B)} 1269:{\displaystyle {\mathcal {B}}(A,B)} 1116:Heap of a groupoid with two objects 799: 336: 13: 2671:Twelve papers in logic and algebra 2036: 1564: 1415: 1307: 1246: 1036: 737:{\displaystyle =b,\,=a,\,=a,\,=b.} 596:{\displaystyle =a,\,=b,\,=b,\,=a,} 391: 96: 14: 2761: 2716: 2655:10.1090/S0002-9947-1929-1501476-0 2486: 2697:Trudy Sem. Vektor. Tenzor. Anal. 2134:is an idempotent semiheap where 796:would have given the same heap. 404:{\displaystyle \mathrm {C} _{2}} 2623: 132: 2566: 2551: 2536: 2521: 2477: 2379: 2361: 2358: 2352: 2317: 2302: 2284: 2281: 2275: 2260: 2242: 2239: 2219: 2216: 2198: 2183: 2177: 2174: 2156: 2141: 2100: 2082: 2018: 2000: 1948: 1930: 1921: 1903: 1826: 1823: 1805: 1790: 1784: 1769: 1751: 1748: 1673: 1549: 1537: 1432: 1420: 1362: 1344: 1324: 1312: 1263: 1251: 1180: 1162: 1070: 1052: 861: 843: 722: 704: 691: 673: 660: 642: 629: 611: 581: 563: 550: 532: 519: 501: 488: 470: 253: 250: 232: 217: 211: 202: 184: 175: 169: 154: 136: 133: 70: 52: 1: 2675:American Mathematical Society 2636: 2498:American Mathematical Society 2492:Christopher Hollings (2014) 1337:define the ternary operator 767:as the identity element and 314:Theory of Generalized Groups 7: 2413: 2323:{\displaystyle ,b,b]=,a,a]} 1460: 1025:{\displaystyle x^{-1}=2k-x} 331: 278:of a semiheap satisfies = 10: 2766: 2605:Dopovidi Ahad. Nauk Ukrain 1211:{\displaystyle =xy^{-1}z.} 1101:{\displaystyle =xy^{-1}z,} 431:the identity element, and 1699:He then proves that when 974:{\displaystyle x*y=x+y-k} 836:are integers, we can set 372:{\displaystyle H=\{a,b\}} 2428: 1893:satisfying the identity 1835:{\displaystyle ,d,e]=].} 1706:Studying the semiheap Z( 1476:with operation given by 1387:{\displaystyle =pq^{T}r} 316:(1937) which influenced 2745:Non-associative algebra 1712:heterogeneous relations 1278:heterogeneous relations 1225:Heterogeneous relations 2392: 2324: 2226: 2113: 2052: 1961: 1887: 1867: 1836: 1693: 1615: 1439: 1388: 1331: 1270: 1237:be different sets and 1212: 1102: 1026: 975: 929: 909: 886: 885:{\displaystyle =x-y+z} 830: 790: 761: 738: 597: 454: 425: 405: 373: 263: 83: 2393: 2325: 2227: 2114: 2060:matrix multiplication 2053: 1962: 1888: 1868: 1837: 1694: 1616: 1480:= and involution by 1472:may be considered an 1440: 1389: 1332: 1271: 1213: 1103: 1027: 976: 930: 910: 887: 831: 829:{\displaystyle x,y,z} 791: 762: 739: 598: 455: 426: 406: 374: 312:used the term in his 264: 84: 82:{\displaystyle \in H} 2346: 2236: 2138: 2079: 2075:is a semiheap where 1997: 1897: 1877: 1857: 1745: 1653: 1531: 1410: 1341: 1284: 1241: 1159: 1049: 991: 941: 919: 899: 840: 808: 789:{\displaystyle aa=b} 771: 751: 608: 467: 453:{\displaystyle bb=a} 435: 415: 386: 345: 93: 49: 2677:. pp. 89–182. 2629:Schein (1979) p.104 2225:{\displaystyle ]=]} 2073:idempotent semiheap 1993:of fixed size with 1504:As in the study of 1499:involuted semigroup 1474:involuted semigroup 29:algebraic structure 2750:Ternary operations 2423:-ary associativity 2402:(idempotence) and 2388: 2320: 2222: 2112:{\displaystyle =a} 2109: 2048: 1957: 1883: 1863: 1832: 1689: 1611: 1435: 1384: 1327: 1280:between them. For 1276:the collection of 1266: 1208: 1098: 1022: 971: 925: 905: 882: 826: 786: 757: 734: 593: 450: 421: 401: 369: 328:in English text.) 259: 79: 2586:978-1-4020-1961-6 2505:978-1-4704-1493-1 2467:978-3-319-63620-7 2132:generalised groud 1886:{\displaystyle X} 1866:{\displaystyle f} 1852:ternary operation 1514:Green's relations 1455:partial functions 1400:converse relation 1135:when viewed as a 928:{\displaystyle *} 908:{\displaystyle k} 760:{\displaystyle b} 424:{\displaystyle a} 273:biunitary element 43:ternary operation 2757: 2712: 2688: 2643:Anton Sushkevich 2630: 2627: 2621: 2620: 2611:: 888–890, 957. 2600: 2591: 2590: 2570: 2564: 2555: 2549: 2540: 2534: 2525: 2519: 2516: 2507: 2490: 2484: 2481: 2475: 2452: 2397: 2395: 2394: 2389: 2329: 2327: 2326: 2321: 2231: 2229: 2228: 2223: 2128:generalised heap 2118: 2116: 2115: 2110: 2064:matrix transpose 2058:where • denotes 2057: 2055: 2054: 2049: 2041: 2040: 2039: 1966: 1964: 1963: 1958: 1892: 1890: 1889: 1884: 1872: 1870: 1869: 1864: 1848:Malcev operation 1841: 1839: 1838: 1833: 1698: 1696: 1695: 1690: 1665: 1664: 1649:"isolated" when 1620: 1618: 1617: 1612: 1607: 1606: 1594: 1593: 1444: 1442: 1441: 1436: 1419: 1418: 1393: 1391: 1390: 1385: 1380: 1379: 1336: 1334: 1333: 1328: 1311: 1310: 1275: 1273: 1272: 1267: 1250: 1249: 1217: 1215: 1214: 1209: 1201: 1200: 1107: 1105: 1104: 1099: 1091: 1090: 1031: 1029: 1028: 1023: 1006: 1005: 980: 978: 977: 972: 934: 932: 931: 926: 914: 912: 911: 906: 891: 889: 888: 883: 835: 833: 832: 827: 800:Heap of integers 795: 793: 792: 787: 766: 764: 763: 758: 743: 741: 740: 735: 602: 600: 599: 594: 459: 457: 456: 451: 430: 428: 427: 422: 410: 408: 407: 402: 400: 399: 394: 378: 376: 375: 370: 337:Two element heap 310:Anton Sushkevich 268: 266: 265: 260: 88: 86: 85: 80: 31:consisting of a 21:abstract algebra 2765: 2764: 2760: 2759: 2758: 2756: 2755: 2754: 2735: 2734: 2723:Mal'cev variety 2719: 2685: 2639: 2634: 2633: 2628: 2624: 2601: 2594: 2587: 2571: 2567: 2556: 2552: 2541: 2537: 2526: 2522: 2517: 2510: 2491: 2487: 2482: 2478: 2453: 2436: 2431: 2416: 2347: 2344: 2343: 2237: 2234: 2233: 2139: 2136: 2135: 2080: 2077: 2076: 2035: 2034: 2030: 1998: 1995: 1994: 1898: 1895: 1894: 1878: 1875: 1874: 1858: 1855: 1854: 1746: 1743: 1742: 1728: 1660: 1656: 1654: 1651: 1650: 1641:He proves that 1602: 1598: 1589: 1585: 1532: 1529: 1528: 1463: 1414: 1413: 1411: 1408: 1407: 1375: 1371: 1342: 1339: 1338: 1306: 1305: 1285: 1282: 1281: 1245: 1244: 1242: 1239: 1238: 1227: 1193: 1189: 1160: 1157: 1156: 1118: 1083: 1079: 1050: 1047: 1046: 1039: 1037:Heap of a group 998: 994: 992: 989: 988: 942: 939: 938: 920: 917: 916: 900: 897: 896: 841: 838: 837: 809: 806: 805: 802: 772: 769: 768: 752: 749: 748: 609: 606: 605: 468: 465: 464: 436: 433: 432: 416: 413: 412: 395: 390: 389: 387: 384: 383: 346: 343: 342: 339: 334: 94: 91: 90: 50: 47: 46: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2763: 2753: 2752: 2747: 2733: 2732: 2718: 2717:External links 2715: 2714: 2713: 2699:(in Russian). 2689: 2683: 2663: 2649:31(1): 204–14 2638: 2635: 2632: 2631: 2622: 2607:. RSR Ser. A. 2592: 2585: 2565: 2550: 2535: 2520: 2508: 2485: 2476: 2460:Springer books 2433: 2432: 2430: 2427: 2426: 2425: 2415: 2412: 2408:order relation 2387: 2384: 2381: 2378: 2375: 2372: 2369: 2366: 2363: 2360: 2357: 2354: 2351: 2340: 2339: 2319: 2316: 2313: 2310: 2307: 2304: 2301: 2298: 2295: 2292: 2289: 2286: 2283: 2280: 2277: 2274: 2271: 2268: 2265: 2262: 2259: 2256: 2253: 2250: 2247: 2244: 2241: 2221: 2218: 2215: 2212: 2209: 2206: 2203: 2200: 2197: 2194: 2191: 2188: 2185: 2182: 2179: 2176: 2173: 2170: 2167: 2164: 2161: 2158: 2155: 2152: 2149: 2146: 2143: 2124: 2108: 2105: 2102: 2099: 2096: 2093: 2090: 2087: 2084: 2069: 2068: 2067: 2062:and T denotes 2047: 2044: 2038: 2033: 2029: 2026: 2023: 2020: 2017: 2014: 2011: 2008: 2005: 2002: 1968: 1956: 1953: 1950: 1947: 1944: 1941: 1938: 1935: 1932: 1929: 1926: 1923: 1920: 1917: 1914: 1911: 1908: 1905: 1902: 1882: 1862: 1844: 1843: 1842: 1831: 1828: 1825: 1822: 1819: 1816: 1813: 1810: 1807: 1804: 1801: 1798: 1795: 1792: 1789: 1786: 1783: 1780: 1777: 1774: 1771: 1768: 1765: 1762: 1759: 1756: 1753: 1750: 1727: 1724: 1688: 1685: 1682: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1668: 1663: 1659: 1639: 1638: 1629:have the same 1610: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1581: 1578: 1575: 1572: 1569: 1566: 1563: 1560: 1557: 1554: 1551: 1548: 1545: 1542: 1539: 1536: 1462: 1459: 1434: 1431: 1428: 1425: 1422: 1417: 1383: 1378: 1374: 1370: 1367: 1364: 1361: 1358: 1355: 1352: 1349: 1346: 1326: 1323: 1320: 1317: 1314: 1309: 1304: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1292: 1289: 1265: 1262: 1259: 1256: 1253: 1248: 1226: 1223: 1207: 1204: 1199: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1185: 1182: 1179: 1176: 1173: 1170: 1167: 1164: 1124:which has two 1117: 1114: 1097: 1094: 1089: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1075: 1072: 1069: 1066: 1063: 1060: 1057: 1054: 1038: 1035: 1034: 1033: 1021: 1018: 1015: 1012: 1009: 1004: 1001: 997: 982: 981: 970: 967: 964: 961: 958: 955: 952: 949: 946: 924: 904: 881: 878: 875: 872: 869: 866: 863: 860: 857: 854: 851: 848: 845: 825: 822: 819: 816: 813: 801: 798: 785: 782: 779: 776: 756: 745: 744: 733: 730: 727: 724: 721: 718: 715: 712: 709: 706: 702: 699: 696: 693: 690: 687: 684: 681: 678: 675: 671: 668: 665: 662: 659: 656: 653: 650: 647: 644: 640: 637: 634: 631: 628: 625: 622: 619: 616: 613: 603: 592: 589: 586: 583: 580: 577: 574: 571: 568: 565: 561: 558: 555: 552: 549: 546: 543: 540: 537: 534: 530: 527: 524: 521: 518: 515: 512: 509: 506: 503: 499: 496: 493: 490: 487: 484: 481: 478: 475: 472: 449: 446: 443: 440: 420: 411:, by defining 398: 393: 368: 365: 362: 359: 356: 353: 350: 338: 335: 333: 330: 258: 255: 252: 249: 246: 243: 240: 237: 234: 231: 228: 225: 222: 219: 216: 213: 210: 207: 204: 201: 198: 195: 192: 189: 186: 183: 180: 177: 174: 171: 168: 165: 162: 159: 156: 153: 150: 147: 144: 141: 138: 135: 131: 128: 125: 122: 119: 116: 113: 110: 107: 104: 101: 98: 78: 75: 72: 69: 66: 63: 60: 57: 54: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2762: 2751: 2748: 2746: 2743: 2742: 2740: 2731: 2729: 2724: 2721: 2720: 2710: 2706: 2702: 2698: 2694: 2693:Wagner, V. V. 2690: 2686: 2684:0-8218-3063-5 2680: 2676: 2672: 2668: 2667:Schein, Boris 2664: 2662: 2659: 2656: 2652: 2648: 2644: 2641: 2640: 2626: 2618: 2614: 2610: 2606: 2599: 2597: 2588: 2582: 2578: 2577: 2569: 2563: 2560: 2554: 2548: 2545: 2539: 2533: 2530: 2524: 2518:Vagner (1968) 2515: 2513: 2506: 2502: 2499: 2495: 2489: 2480: 2474: 2471: 2468: 2464: 2461: 2457: 2451: 2449: 2447: 2445: 2443: 2441: 2439: 2434: 2424: 2422: 2418: 2417: 2411: 2409: 2405: 2404:antisymmetric 2401: 2385: 2382: 2376: 2373: 2370: 2367: 2364: 2355: 2349: 2337: 2333: 2314: 2311: 2308: 2305: 2299: 2296: 2293: 2290: 2287: 2278: 2272: 2269: 2266: 2263: 2257: 2254: 2251: 2248: 2245: 2213: 2210: 2207: 2204: 2201: 2195: 2192: 2189: 2186: 2180: 2171: 2168: 2165: 2162: 2159: 2153: 2150: 2147: 2144: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2122: 2106: 2103: 2097: 2094: 2091: 2088: 2085: 2074: 2070: 2065: 2061: 2045: 2042: 2031: 2027: 2024: 2021: 2015: 2012: 2009: 2006: 2003: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1979: 1977: 1973: 1969: 1954: 1951: 1945: 1942: 1939: 1936: 1933: 1927: 1924: 1918: 1915: 1912: 1909: 1906: 1900: 1880: 1860: 1853: 1849: 1845: 1829: 1820: 1817: 1814: 1811: 1808: 1802: 1799: 1796: 1793: 1787: 1781: 1778: 1775: 1772: 1766: 1763: 1760: 1757: 1754: 1741: 1740: 1738: 1734: 1730: 1729: 1723: 1721: 1717: 1714:between sets 1713: 1709: 1704: 1702: 1686: 1683: 1680: 1677: 1669: 1666: 1661: 1657: 1648: 1644: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1573: 1570: 1567: 1561: 1558: 1552: 1546: 1543: 1540: 1534: 1527: 1526: 1525: 1523: 1518: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1502: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1490: 1485: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1458: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1447:Viktor Wagner 1429: 1426: 1423: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1381: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1365: 1359: 1356: 1353: 1350: 1347: 1321: 1318: 1315: 1302: 1299: 1296: 1293: 1290: 1287: 1279: 1260: 1257: 1254: 1236: 1232: 1222: 1218: 1205: 1202: 1197: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1183: 1177: 1174: 1171: 1168: 1165: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1127: 1123: 1113: 1111: 1095: 1092: 1087: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1073: 1067: 1064: 1061: 1058: 1055: 1044: 1019: 1016: 1013: 1010: 1007: 1002: 999: 995: 987: 986: 985: 968: 965: 962: 959: 956: 953: 950: 947: 944: 937: 936: 935: 922: 902: 895: 879: 876: 873: 870: 867: 864: 858: 855: 852: 849: 846: 823: 820: 817: 814: 811: 797: 783: 780: 777: 774: 754: 731: 728: 725: 719: 716: 713: 710: 707: 700: 697: 694: 688: 685: 682: 679: 676: 669: 666: 663: 657: 654: 651: 648: 645: 638: 635: 632: 626: 623: 620: 617: 614: 604: 590: 587: 584: 578: 575: 572: 569: 566: 559: 556: 553: 547: 544: 541: 538: 535: 528: 525: 522: 516: 513: 510: 507: 504: 497: 494: 491: 485: 482: 479: 476: 473: 463: 462: 461: 447: 444: 441: 438: 418: 396: 382: 363: 360: 357: 351: 348: 329: 327: 323: 319: 318:Viktor Wagner 315: 311: 307: 302: 300: 296: 291: 289: 285: 282:= for every 281: 277: 274: 269: 256: 247: 244: 241: 238: 235: 229: 226: 223: 220: 214: 208: 205: 199: 196: 193: 190: 187: 181: 178: 172: 166: 163: 160: 157: 151: 148: 145: 142: 139: 129: 126: 123: 120: 117: 114: 111: 108: 105: 102: 99: 76: 73: 67: 64: 61: 58: 55: 44: 40: 37: 34: 30: 26: 22: 2727: 2700: 2696: 2670: 2625: 2608: 2604: 2575: 2568: 2553: 2538: 2523: 2493: 2488: 2479: 2455: 2420: 2341: 2335: 2331: 2131: 2127: 2120: 2072: 1982: 1975: 1971: 1847: 1736: 1732: 1719: 1715: 1707: 1705: 1700: 1646: 1642: 1640: 1634: 1626: 1622: 1521: 1519: 1503: 1494: 1493: 1488: 1486: 1481: 1477: 1469: 1465: 1464: 1403: 1395: 1234: 1230: 1228: 1219: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1132: 1128: 1119: 1109: 1042: 1040: 984:and inverse 983: 803: 746: 381:cyclic group 340: 325: 313: 305: 303: 294: 292: 287: 283: 279: 275: 272: 270: 38: 24: 18: 2703:: 229–281. 1737:pseudogroud 2739:Categories 2637:References 1733:pseudoheap 1506:semigroups 1453:which are 2400:reflexive 2359:⇔ 2353:→ 2043:⋅ 2028:⋅ 1976:semigroud 1873:on a set 1681:∈ 1674:⟹ 1667:∈ 1571:∈ 1565:∃ 1562:∣ 1303:∈ 1195:− 1141:morphisms 1085:− 1017:− 1000:− 966:− 948:∗ 923:∗ 871:− 747:Defining 379:into the 304:The term 127:∈ 97:∀ 74:∈ 33:non-empty 2414:See also 2330:for all 2119:for all 1991:matrices 1972:semiheap 1461:Theorems 1137:category 1122:groupoid 332:Examples 45:denoted 25:semiheap 2725:at the 2709:0253970 2661:1501476 2617:0297918 2562:0364526 2547:0209386 2532:0202892 2473:3729305 1495:Theorem 1466:Theorem 1398:is the 1126:objects 894:integer 41:with a 2707:  2681:  2615:  2583:  2503:  2465:  1631:parity 1621:where 1510:ideals 1394:where 27:is an 2429:Notes 1710:) of 1451:atlas 341:Turn 326:groud 322:group 299:group 2679:ISBN 2609:1971 2581:ISBN 2501:ISBN 2463:ISBN 2334:and 2232:and 1987:ring 1718:and 1708:A, B 1625:and 1484:= . 1233:and 1229:Let 1131:and 306:heap 295:heap 23:, a 2730:Lab 2651:doi 2398:is 2130:or 2071:An 1989:of 1974:or 1735:or 1402:of 804:If 286:in 36:set 19:In 2741:: 2705:MR 2701:14 2658:MR 2613:MR 2595:^ 2559:MR 2544:MR 2529:MR 2511:^ 2470:MR 2458:, 2437:^ 2410:. 2126:A 1985:a 1970:A 1846:A 1731:A 1524:: 1501:. 1478:ab 1151:, 1147:, 1112:. 293:A 290:. 271:A 2728:n 2711:. 2687:. 2653:: 2619:. 2589:. 2421:n 2386:a 2383:= 2380:] 2377:a 2374:, 2371:b 2368:, 2365:a 2362:[ 2356:b 2350:a 2338:. 2336:b 2332:a 2318:] 2315:a 2312:, 2309:a 2306:, 2303:] 2300:b 2297:, 2294:b 2291:, 2288:x 2285:[ 2282:[ 2279:= 2276:] 2273:b 2270:, 2267:b 2264:, 2261:] 2258:a 2255:, 2252:a 2249:, 2246:x 2243:[ 2240:[ 2220:] 2217:] 2214:x 2211:, 2208:a 2205:, 2202:a 2199:[ 2196:, 2193:b 2190:, 2187:b 2184:[ 2181:= 2178:] 2175:] 2172:x 2169:, 2166:b 2163:, 2160:b 2157:[ 2154:, 2151:a 2148:, 2145:a 2142:[ 2123:. 2121:a 2107:a 2104:= 2101:] 2098:a 2095:, 2092:a 2089:, 2086:a 2083:[ 2066:. 2046:z 2037:T 2032:y 2025:x 2022:= 2019:] 2016:z 2013:, 2010:y 2007:, 2004:x 2001:[ 1983:M 1967:. 1955:y 1952:= 1949:) 1946:x 1943:, 1940:x 1937:, 1934:y 1931:( 1928:f 1925:= 1922:) 1919:y 1916:, 1913:x 1910:, 1907:x 1904:( 1901:f 1881:X 1861:f 1830:. 1827:] 1824:] 1821:e 1818:, 1815:d 1812:, 1809:c 1806:[ 1803:, 1800:b 1797:, 1794:a 1791:[ 1788:= 1785:] 1782:e 1779:, 1776:d 1773:, 1770:] 1767:c 1764:, 1761:b 1758:, 1755:a 1752:[ 1749:[ 1720:B 1716:A 1701:S 1687:. 1684:B 1678:a 1670:B 1662:n 1658:a 1647:B 1643:S 1637:. 1635:S 1627:m 1623:n 1609:} 1604:m 1600:a 1596:x 1591:n 1587:a 1583:= 1580:a 1577:: 1574:S 1568:x 1559:a 1556:{ 1553:= 1550:) 1547:n 1544:, 1541:m 1538:( 1535:D 1522:S 1489:e 1482:a 1470:e 1433:) 1430:B 1427:, 1424:A 1421:( 1416:B 1404:q 1396:q 1382:r 1377:T 1373:q 1369:p 1366:= 1363:] 1360:r 1357:, 1354:q 1351:, 1348:p 1345:[ 1325:) 1322:B 1319:, 1316:A 1313:( 1308:B 1300:r 1297:, 1294:q 1291:, 1288:p 1264:) 1261:B 1258:, 1255:A 1252:( 1247:B 1235:B 1231:A 1206:. 1203:z 1198:1 1191:y 1187:x 1184:= 1181:] 1178:z 1175:, 1172:y 1169:, 1166:x 1163:[ 1153:z 1149:y 1145:x 1133:B 1129:A 1110:G 1096:, 1093:z 1088:1 1081:y 1077:x 1074:= 1071:] 1068:z 1065:, 1062:y 1059:, 1056:x 1053:[ 1043:G 1032:. 1020:x 1014:k 1011:2 1008:= 1003:1 996:x 969:k 963:y 960:+ 957:x 954:= 951:y 945:x 903:k 880:z 877:+ 874:y 868:x 865:= 862:] 859:z 856:, 853:y 850:, 847:x 844:[ 824:z 821:, 818:y 815:, 812:x 784:b 781:= 778:a 775:a 755:b 732:. 729:b 726:= 723:] 720:b 717:, 714:b 711:, 708:b 705:[ 701:, 698:a 695:= 692:] 689:a 686:, 683:b 680:, 677:b 674:[ 670:, 667:a 664:= 661:] 658:b 655:, 652:b 649:, 646:a 643:[ 639:, 636:b 633:= 630:] 627:a 624:, 621:b 618:, 615:a 612:[ 591:, 588:a 585:= 582:] 579:b 576:, 573:a 570:, 567:b 564:[ 560:, 557:b 554:= 551:] 548:a 545:, 542:a 539:, 536:b 533:[ 529:, 526:b 523:= 520:] 517:b 514:, 511:a 508:, 505:a 502:[ 498:, 495:a 492:= 489:] 486:a 483:, 480:a 477:, 474:a 471:[ 448:a 445:= 442:b 439:b 419:a 397:2 392:C 367:} 364:b 361:, 358:a 355:{ 352:= 349:H 288:H 284:k 280:k 276:h 257:. 254:] 251:] 248:e 245:, 242:d 239:, 236:c 233:[ 230:, 227:b 224:, 221:a 218:[ 215:= 212:] 209:e 206:, 203:] 200:b 197:, 194:c 191:, 188:d 185:[ 182:, 179:a 176:[ 173:= 170:] 167:e 164:, 161:d 158:, 155:] 152:c 149:, 146:b 143:, 140:a 137:[ 134:[ 130:H 124:e 121:, 118:d 115:, 112:c 109:, 106:b 103:, 100:a 77:H 71:] 68:z 65:, 62:y 59:, 56:x 53:[ 39:H

Index

abstract algebra
algebraic structure
non-empty
set
ternary operation
group
Anton Sushkevich
Viktor Wagner
group
cyclic group
integer
groupoid
objects
category
morphisms
heterogeneous relations
converse relation
Viktor Wagner
atlas
partial functions
involuted semigroup
involuted semigroup
semigroups
ideals
Green's relations
parity
heterogeneous relations
ternary operation
ring
matrices

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.