1742:
40:
2901:
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2407:
was a
Palestinian Jewish native of Hebron, and his workâwhich was written from the perspective of both Arabic-speaking Jews and Muslim Palestiniansâincorporated diverse Arabic, Sephardic, and Middle Eastern themes. Shami holds a relatively unique place in Hebrew literature, since his writing is also
2390:
In parallel, a number of
Palestinian and Levantine Jewish writers were influenced by the resurgence of Hebrew literature, and adopted Hebrew for their writings. In contrast to the experiences of pioneers such as Bialik, who were Ashkenazi immigrants from Europe, the Levantine Jewish writers were
2057:'s allegorical drama "La-Yesharim Tehillah" (1743) may be regarded as the first product of modern Hebrew literature. It has been referred to as "a poem that in its classic perfection of style is second only to the Bible". Luzzatto's pupil in Amsterdam,
2331:
in particular worked to adapt Hebrew to the needs of the modern world, turning to Hebrew sources from all periods and locales to develop a language that went beyond the sacred and poetic and was capable of articulating the modern experience.
2537:
published the Hebrew novel "Arabesques", marking a milestone with the first major work of Hebrew literature written by a non-Jewish
Israeli. Shammas's novel has been translated into a number of foreign languages.
2819:
2431:
among others, also contributed a great deal to
Israeli-Hebrew literature through bringing international literature and literary figures into Hebrew circles through translation.
2391:
educated in Arabic literary traditions, and thus they incorporated many Arabic, Sephardic, and vernacular
Palestinian themes and linguistic elements in their writing. Novelist
2379:, which before his days existed primarily as an ancient, scholarly, or poetic tongue. Bialik, like other great literary figures from the early part of the 20th century such as
2335:
With the rise of the
Zionist movement amongst Jews in Europe, Ashkenazi Jews embraced Hebrew literature and began to dominate it for the first time. The foundations of modern
1905:
During the medieval period, the majority of Jewish and Hebrew literature was composed in
Islamic North Africa, Spain, Palestine, and the Middle East. Many works of medieval
2100:
In nineteenth-century
Galicia, poets, scholars, and popular writers who contributed to the dissemination of Hebrew and to the emancipation of the Jews of Galicia included:
2387:, spent his last years in Tel Aviv, and exerted a great influence on younger Hebrew writers; the impact of his work is evident throughout modern Hebrew literature.
1798:. Hebrew literature was produced in many different parts of the world throughout the medieval and modern eras, while contemporary Hebrew literature is largely
1770:
2222:
movement, and whose poems have been described as characterized by "religious piety and a mystic faith in Israel's future". The best known
Italian writer was
1810:
for novels and short stories that employ a unique blend of biblical, Talmudic and modern Hebrew, making him the first Hebrew writer to receive this award.
2188:
3098:
2641:. In the 2010s, thousands of new books are published in Hebrew each year, both translations from other languages and original works by Israeli authors.
2131:(1792â1841), a satirical poet whose collection of essays, "Ha-Tzofeh le-Bet Yisrael", is one of the purest works of modern Hebrew literature, attacking
2025:
Only one Hebrew poem by a woman is attested for the medieval period (and is both the first and the last for some centuries): composed by the wife of
2408:
recognized as
Palestinian literature; in 2004 Shami was recognized by the Palestinian Academic Society as one of the important Palestinian writers.
2287:(1808â67), the creator of the Hebrew novel, whose historical romance "Ahabat Tziyyon" exercised an important influence on the development of Hebrew.
2823:
2319:
intensified at the start of the twentieth century, Hebrew became the shared language of the various Jewish immigrant communities along with native
3966:
3149:
2160:
2088:
inspired interest in the Hebrew language that led to the founding of a quarterly review written in Hebrew. Other periodicals followed. Poetry by
1454:
2933:
3164:
1064:
2905:
2327:, who continued the literary traditions of earlier Sephardic and Arab-Jewish writers such as Maimonedes (Moshe ibn Maimoun) and al-Harizi.
2732:
2041:
in Hebrew, modern Jews developed new forms of fiction, poetry, and essay-writing, which are typically called "Modern Hebrew Literature".
1177:
1763:
1122:
2002:. These poems were added to the Hebrew-language liturgy. This liturgy was compiled in book form as "the siddur" by rabbis including
3207:
2842:
2395:, born in Jerusalem in 1886, served in the Ottoman army, and later taught Hebrew and Arabic in Damascus. In 1961, he was awarded the
3921:
1303:
1167:
2581:. Contemporary Israeli authors whose works have been translated into other languages and attained international recognition are
1756:
2963:
3988:
2970:
2010:. Later Spanish, Provençal, and Italian poets wrote both religious and secular poems; particularly prominent poets were
3245:
3035:
2926:
1567:
2080:, and European Jews gradually began to produce more literature in the mould of earlier Middle Eastern Jewish authors.
1512:
2854:
240:
3040:
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2175:
writers there was Jehudah Loeb Jeiteles (1773â1838), author of witty epigrams ("Bene ha-Ne'urim") and criticism of
1980:
2710:
3993:
3081:
2958:
846:
3877:
3872:
3240:
2049:
By the early eighteenth century, Jewish literature was still dominated by Sephardic authors, often writing in
1597:
3200:
2975:
2919:
1210:
1117:
1069:
895:
885:
1388:
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1406:
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herself was also noted for being a prolific writer and pioneer of Israeli children's literature as well.
2122:
1353:
1215:
943:
159:
3656:
2214:(1784â1854), Joseph Almanzi, Hayyim Salomon, Samuel Vita Lolli (1788â1843). Another figure of note was
851:
2416:
2187:, Hebrew-language authors included Solomon Lewison of Moor (1789â1822), author of "Melitzat Yeshurun";
2022:. Most were also active in translating Jewish rabbinic and secular literature from Arabic into Hebrew.
1807:
1730:
1725:
1706:
1701:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1557:
826:
222:
184:
154:
2271:
1383:
1091:
3154:
2518:
1617:
1478:
1251:
1205:
326:
179:
169:
2875:
2785:
2764:
2281:, known as the "father of poetry", whose poems "Shire Sefat Kodesh" were extraordinarily successful.
2069:("Yehudit"), continued his master's work, though his works are not as respected as were Luzzatto's.
3998:
3916:
3594:
3363:
3193:
2215:
1414:
1378:
549:
125:
1449:
1444:
1345:
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3938:
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3789:
3589:
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3338:
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2884:
2809:", section: "Lasting Legacy". My Jewish Learning. www.myjewishlearning.com. Retrieved 2016-07-16.
2419:
for novels and short stories that employ a unique blend of biblical, Talmudic and modern Hebrew.
1819:
1715:
1665:
1419:
1289:
1276:
1074:
424:
132:
120:
3811:
3688:
3323:
2092:
such as "Shire Tif'eret," or "Mosiade," made Wessely, so to speak, poet laureate of the period.
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3250:
3144:
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1911:
1552:
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1150:
986:
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783:
609:
336:
198:
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into Hebrew and to attack northern rationalism in the name of religious and national feeling.
1862:, c. 2000 BCE. Beyond comparison, the most important work of ancient Hebrew literature is the
3824:
3584:
3438:
2223:
2089:
2054:
1562:
1497:
1319:
594:
227:
217:
210:
900:
868:
3784:
3704:
3433:
3113:
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2384:
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2138:
1877:, compiled around 200 CE, is the primary rabbinic codification of laws as derived from the
1577:
1502:
1373:
1363:
1334:
981:
910:
905:
836:
504:
494:
831:
8:
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3819:
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3541:
3103:
2364:
2211:
2109:
2077:
2058:
2038:
2011:
1926:
1626:
1612:
1547:
1522:
1517:
1492:
1464:
1393:
1358:
861:
816:
619:
544:
232:
2367:(1873â1934) was one of the pioneers of modern Hebrew poets and came to be recognized as
139:
3905:
3846:
3841:
3719:
2942:
2444:
2412:
2352:
2344:
2328:
2316:
1930:
1855:
1803:
1799:
1607:
1532:
1330:
1112:
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841:
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366:
321:
284:
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205:
1572:
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3727:
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3641:
3169:
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2626:
2292:
2147:
2081:
2026:
1984:
1971:
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1746:
1602:
1507:
1487:
1469:
1459:
1220:
1049:
927:
805:
683:
564:
361:
149:
2695:, ed. and trans. by Peter Cole (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2007), p. 27.
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3350:
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3134:
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2546:
2320:
2116:
2019:
1966:
1962:
1954:
1934:
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1439:
1434:
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856:
673:
514:
383:
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189:
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115:
75:
52:
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3216:
3139:
3088:
3056:
2634:
2466:
2450:
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2348:
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2085:
1995:
1882:
1843:
1825:
1787:
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1424:
1368:
1172:
1102:
1044:
996:
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778:
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356:
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296:
164:
110:
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100:
95:
90:
80:
63:
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3428:
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3333:
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3002:
2879:
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2502:
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1958:
1398:
1271:
1194:
728:
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262:
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85:
31:
23:
2693:
The Dream of the Poem: Hebrew Poetry from Muslim and Christian Spain, 950-1492
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3066:
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2869:
2614:
2578:
2534:
2514:
2458:
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2432:
2428:
2424:
2404:
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2340:
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2015:
1999:
1950:
1906:
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70:
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describe life in the new state. These works also explore topics such as the
3836:
3752:
3684:
3526:
3486:
3466:
3413:
3093:
3076:
3071:
3061:
2638:
2630:
2610:
2566:
2462:
2396:
2392:
2284:
2196:
2180:
2050:
1979:). One work of fiction which was written in Hebrew was the "Fox Fables" by
1922:
1863:
1059:
1054:
970:
484:
409:
351:
144:
3911:
3757:
3481:
3423:
3108:
2602:
2574:
2558:
2470:
2449:
A new generation of Hebrew writers emerged with the establishment of the
2420:
2267:
2227:
2128:
2104:
2062:
2007:
953:
708:
509:
489:
2868: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1990:
Much medieval Jewish poetry was written in Hebrew, including liturgical
3801:
3007:
2618:
2598:
2542:
2522:
2474:
2400:
2380:
2324:
2192:
2066:
2003:
1946:
1028:
948:
743:
718:
519:
499:
399:
2822:. cms.education.gov.il (Israel Prize official website). Archived from
39:
3776:
3747:
2996:
2911:
2622:
2530:
2521:. Another topic was the tension between Jews of European origin, the
2296:
2156:
663:
404:
316:
3946:
Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament Scriptures
2210:
Italian Jews of the nineteenth-century who wrote in Hebrew included
3851:
3443:
3259:
2991:
2526:
2219:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2073:
1994:
in Palestine in the seventh and eighth centuries by Yose ben Yose,
1991:
1795:
938:
773:
733:
703:
658:
589:
279:
3185:
2900:
2873:
1794:, though there have been cases of literature written in Hebrew by
3129:
2594:
2510:
2506:
2486:
2312:
2200:
2184:
2132:
1942:
1894:
1851:
1429:
1011:
1001:
753:
738:
688:
624:
569:
539:
439:
341:
311:
269:
257:
247:
3742:
3651:
3646:
3631:
3626:
3576:
3531:
3516:
2513:. Many Hebrew writers in the late twentieth century dealt with
2368:
2336:
2300:
2299:
poet who has been characterized as "an implacable enemy of the
2164:
2142:
2135:
superstitions and prejudices in a vigorous and classical style.
1917:
1886:
1874:
1867:
1859:
1587:
1006:
880:
768:
763:
698:
693:
668:
648:
629:
614:
579:
574:
554:
534:
529:
454:
414:
306:
3887:
3732:
3636:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3546:
3491:
3476:
3471:
3461:
2226:(1800â65) was the first modern writer to introduce religious
1938:
1878:
1847:
1139:
758:
713:
653:
599:
584:
479:
2733:"Sex, Magic, Bigotry, Corruptionâand the First Hebrew Novel"
2295:, also known as "Leon Gordon" (1831â1892), was a well-known
3661:
3606:
3556:
3551:
3536:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
2525:, and Jews of Middle Eastern and Mediterranean origin, the
2339:
writing were laid by a group of literary pioneers from the
2203:
during the nineteenth century was the physician and writer
634:
604:
559:
394:
2375:. Bialik contributed significantly to the revival of the
2218:(1790â1860), who was one of the few female writers in the
1786:
consists of ancient, medieval, and modern writings in the
3566:
3521:
2253:(1826â1900), who introduced the romantic form into Hebrew
2141:(1800â1871), a lyric poet also known for his adaption of
2107:(1773â1839), writer and educator who, in 1819, published
723:
2241:
the poet and mathematician Jacob Eichenbaum (1796â1861)
2119:(1785â1840), a philosopher, theologian, and historian.
2759:
2757:
2755:
2753:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2453:
in 1948. This new generation included the novelists
1921:, as well as many works of fiction, were written in
1830:
2845:. In Freedman, David Noel; Myers, Allen C. (eds.).
2750:
2698:
2663:
2076:(Jewish enlightenment) movement worked to achieve
3980:
2505:and the rejection of some once-sacred ideals of
3967:Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament
1929:were more often written in Hebrew, including:
3201:
2927:
2820:"Israel Prize recipients in 1961 (in Hebrew)"
1764:
1297:
2159:, Hebrew-language authors included the poet
2029:, it laments Dunash's departure into exile.
1837:
2874:Richard Gottheil, N. Slouschz (1901â1906).
3208:
3194:
2934:
2920:
2533:. In 1986, the Palestinian-Israeli author
2125:(1790â1867), a rabbi, poet, and biographer
1771:
1757:
1304:
1290:
2807:Hayim Nahman Bialik: Jewish National Poet
2658:Modern Palestinian literature and culture
2078:political emancipation for Jews in Europe
2084:'s translation of the Hebrew Bible into
3981:
2941:
2730:
1965:(didactic ethical literature) such as
1885:, but the major commentary on it, the
3189:
2915:
2503:conflict between parents and children
2237:in the nineteenth century included:
2072:Later in the eighteenth century, the
1824:Literature in Hebrew begins with the
1790:. It is one of the primary forms of
2840:
2669:
1846:", since ancient times and with the
3215:
2519:conflict between Israelis and Arabs
2438:
2037:In addition to writing traditional
1838:
13:
3036:Jerusalem International Book Forum
14:
4010:
2893:
2843:"Chronology of the Old Testament"
16:Literature in the Hebrew Language
3041:Palestine Festival of Literature
2899:
2888:. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
2863:
2847:Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible
2274:, known as "the father of prose"
2233:Prominent Hebrew writers in the
2167:became an active center for the
2061:(1713â92), in his imitations of
1981:Berechiah ben Natronai ha-Nakdan
1740:
38:
2834:
2812:
2306:
2191:, a poet who was the father of
2095:
2044:
1983:, Hebrew fables which resemble
1909:literature such as Maimonides'
1900:
1065:List of Jews in the visual arts
2906:Hebrew language and literature
2799:
2778:
2731:Halkin, Hillel (11 May 2015).
2724:
2686:
2675:
2651:
2541:Modern Hebrew authors include
1813:
1178:Jewish athletes and Yom Kippur
1:
2644:
2199:. A notable Jewish author in
2032:
1941:and others; codifications of
1070:List of Jewish film directors
7:
2876:"LITERATURE, MODERN HEBREW"
2765:"Literature, Modern Hebrew"
2711:"Literature, Modern Hebrew"
2123:Solomon Judah Loeb Rapoport
1893:. Many works of classical
1831:
10:
4015:
3989:Hebrew-language literature
3251:Transliteration to English
2517:, women's issues, and the
2442:
2417:Nobel Prize for Literature
2065:("Gemul 'Atalyah") and of
1817:
1808:Nobel Prize for Literature
1168:Jewish Sports Hall of Fame
3930:
3865:
3810:
3775:
3718:
3675:
3575:
3452:
3406:
3390:
3383:
3306:
3268:
3223:
3122:
3049:
3023:
2984:
2949:
2841:Shea, William H. (2000).
2113:, the first Hebrew novel.
1889:, was largely written in
241:Jewish diaspora languages
3939:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar
2788:. JewishEncyclopedia.com
2767:. JewishEncyclopedia.com
2713:. JewishEncyclopedia.com
1897:were written in Hebrew.
2885:The Jewish Encyclopedia
2609:. Hebrew poets include
2272:Mordecai Aaron Ginzburg
1977:The Duties of the Heart
1820:Ancient Hebrew writings
1277:Category:Jewish culture
1075:Jews in American cinema
3994:Literature by language
3099:Prime Minister's Prize
2882:; et al. (eds.).
2279:Abraham Baer Lebensohn
2261:Micah Joseph Lebensohn
1912:Guide to the Perplexed
1151:List of Jews in sports
2224:Samuel David Luzzatto
2171:. One of the leading
2090:Naphtali Hirz Wessely
2055:Moses Hayyim Luzzatto
1747:Literature portal
1320:History of literature
3960:Strong's Concordance
3246:Ancient inscriptions
2682:Encyclopedia Judaica
2555:Amalia Kahana-Carmon
2421:Literary translators
2246:Isaac Baer Levinsohn
2244:the Haskalah leader
2139:Meir Halevy Letteris
1881:. It was written in
1156:Association football
495:Crossing the Red Sea
3953:BrownâDriverâBriggs
2964:writers association
2660:, by Ami Elad, 37ff
2365:Hayim Nahman Bialik
2110:Revealer of Secrets
2059:David Franco Mendes
2039:rabbinic literature
2012:Solomon ibn Gabirol
1927:rabbinic literature
1856:biblical patriarchs
1854:, the first of the
1548:Old Church Slavonic
1538:Maharashtri Prakrit
545:Gathering of Israel
223:Judeo-Tripolitanian
3802:Law of attenuation
3307:Reading traditions
2943:Israeli literature
2737:mosaicmagazine.com
2445:Israeli literature
2353:Yosef Haim Brenner
2345:Shmuel Yosef Agnon
2329:Eliezer Ben-Yehuda
1931:Torah commentaries
1800:Israeli literature
1543:Pre-Proto-Mongolic
1113:Biblical cosmology
1040:Ancient Jewish art
789:Valley of the ants
525:Conquest of Canaan
465:Sodom and Gomorrah
3976:
3975:
3832:Verbal morphology
3771:
3770:
3284:
3183:
3182:
2951:Hebrew literature
2904:Works related to
2786:"Barasch, Julius"
2627:Dalia Ravikovitch
2293:Judah Leib Gordon
2082:Moses Mendelssohn
2027:Dunash ben Labrat
1972:Chovot ha-Levavot
1839:×֜׊××Öš× ×ֲק×Öš×֜׊×
1792:Jewish literature
1784:Hebrew literature
1781:
1780:
1694:Modern by century
1435:Classical Chinese
1314:
1313:
1206:Ancient Israelite
1050:Judeo-Tat theatre
565:David and Goliath
4006:
3922:Unicode and HTML
3388:
3387:
3376:
3368:
3360:
3341:
3281:northern dialect
3278:
3210:
3203:
3196:
3187:
3186:
3031:Hebrew Book Week
2936:
2929:
2922:
2913:
2912:
2903:
2889:
2867:
2866:
2860:
2828:
2827:
2826:on 7 March 2012.
2816:
2810:
2803:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2793:
2782:
2776:
2775:
2773:
2772:
2761:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2728:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2707:
2696:
2690:
2684:
2679:
2673:
2667:
2661:
2655:
2563:Savyon Liebrecht
2547:Aharon Appelfeld
2465:, and the poets
2439:Contemporary era
2321:Palestinian Jews
2277:Lithuanian poet
2155:In 19th century
2117:Nachman Krochmal
2020:Yehuda al-Harizi
1967:Bahya ibn Paquda
1963:Musar literature
1935:Abraham ibn Ezra
1841:
1840:
1834:
1773:
1766:
1759:
1745:
1744:
1743:
1513:Gandhari Prakrit
1354:Ancient Egyptian
1325:
1316:
1315:
1306:
1299:
1292:
515:Ten Commandments
42:
19:
18:
4014:
4013:
4009:
4008:
4007:
4005:
4004:
4003:
3999:Hebrew language
3979:
3978:
3977:
3972:
3931:Reference works
3926:
3861:
3857:Vav-consecutive
3806:
3785:Biblical Hebrew
3767:
3714:
3699:Mater lectionis
3671:
3571:
3448:
3402:
3379:
3374:
3366:
3358:
3337:
3302:
3264:
3219:
3217:Hebrew language
3214:
3184:
3179:
3118:
3089:Jerusalem Prize
3050:Literary prizes
3045:
3024:Literary events
3019:
2980:
2945:
2940:
2896:
2880:Singer, Isidore
2864:
2857:
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2699:
2691:
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2656:
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2647:
2635:Meir Wieseltier
2467:Yehudah Amichai
2451:State of Israel
2447:
2441:
2427:, most notably
2403:. The novelist
2377:Hebrew language
2349:Moshe Smilansky
2309:
2251:Kalman Schulman
2216:Rachel Morpurgo
2195:; and the poet
2189:Gabriel SĂźdfeld
2098:
2047:
2035:
1961:; and works of
1903:
1883:Mishnaic Hebrew
1832:Leshon HaKodesh
1826:oral literature
1822:
1816:
1788:Hebrew language
1777:
1741:
1739:
1503:Byzantine Greek
1440:Classical Latin
1425:Ancient Prakrit
1323:
1322:
1310:
1281:
1263:
1262:
1261:
1241:
1240:
1227:
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1199:
1184:
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1173:Maccabiah Games
1145:
1144:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1097:
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1081:
1080:
1079:
1045:Yiddish theatre
1034:
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1017:
1016:
976:
975:
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959:
958:
933:
932:
917:
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901:Medieval Hebrew
811:
810:
795:
794:
793:
642:Jewish folklore
430:Forbidden Fruit
389:
388:
373:
372:
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357:Judeo-Malayalam
165:Lishanid Noshan
58:
57:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4012:
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3996:
3991:
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3942:
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3906:modern Israeli
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3808:
3807:
3805:
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3795:Philippi's law
3792:
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3724:
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3710:Plene scriptum
3707:
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3205:
3198:
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3177:
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3157:
3155:KinneretâZmora
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3114:Tchernichovsky
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3085:
3084:
3074:
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3027:
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3018:
3017:
3011:
3005:
3003:Sefer ve Sefel
3000:
2994:
2988:
2986:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2967:
2966:
2955:
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2924:
2916:
2910:
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2895:
2894:External links
2892:
2891:
2890:
2861:
2855:
2836:
2833:
2830:
2829:
2811:
2805:Plenn, Matt. "
2798:
2777:
2749:
2723:
2697:
2685:
2674:
2672:, p. 248.
2662:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2607:Yehoshua Sobol
2591:A. B. Yehoshua
2587:Yaakov Shabtai
2583:Ephraim Kishon
2571:Yaakov Shabtai
2551:David Grossman
2499:A. B. Yehoshua
2443:Main article:
2440:
2437:
2385:Tchernichovsky
2315:settlement in
2308:
2305:
2289:
2288:
2282:
2275:
2264:
2254:
2248:
2242:
2235:Russian empire
2205:Julius Barasch
2153:
2152:
2136:
2126:
2120:
2114:
2097:
2094:
2046:
2043:
2034:
2031:
1985:Aesop's fables
1959:Shulchan Aruch
1902:
1899:
1818:Main article:
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1479:Early medieval
1475:
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1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1420:Ancient Hebrew
1417:
1411:
1410:
1402:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1379:Hurro-Urartian
1376:
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1294:
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1280:
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1274:
1272:Portal:Judaism
1268:
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1234:
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1118:Mathematicians
1115:
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1023:
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1019:
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984:
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946:
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497:
492:
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482:
477:
472:
467:
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460:Tower of Babel
457:
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447:
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437:
432:
427:
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420:Garden of Eden
417:
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260:
250:
236:
235:
230:
225:
220:
218:Judeo-Moroccan
215:
214:
213:
211:Judeo-Baghdadi
195:
194:
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192:
182:
177:
172:
167:
162:
157:
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129:
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88:
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60:
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48:
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44:
43:
35:
34:
32:Jewish culture
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4011:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
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3957:
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3850:
3848:
3845:
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3840:
3838:
3837:Semitic roots
3835:
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3830:
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3826:
3823:
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3818:
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3815:
3813:
3809:
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3796:
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3791:
3790:Modern Hebrew
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3660:
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3653:
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3648:
3645:
3643:
3642:Kubutz/shuruk
3640:
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3628:
3625:
3623:
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3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
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3459:
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3327:
3325:
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3309:
3305:
3299:
3296:
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3252:
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3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3150:Kibutz-Poalim
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3121:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3104:Yitzhak Sadeh
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3083:
3080:
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3075:
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3048:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3028:
3026:
3022:
3015:
3014:Tzomet Sfarim
3012:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2983:
2977:
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2937:
2932:
2930:
2925:
2923:
2918:
2917:
2914:
2908:at Wikisource
2907:
2902:
2898:
2897:
2887:
2886:
2881:
2877:
2871:
2870:public domain
2862:
2858:
2856:9789053565032
2852:
2848:
2844:
2839:
2838:
2825:
2821:
2815:
2808:
2802:
2787:
2781:
2766:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2738:
2734:
2727:
2712:
2706:
2704:
2702:
2694:
2689:
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2678:
2671:
2666:
2659:
2654:
2650:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2615:Maya Bejerano
2612:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2579:Zeruya Shalev
2576:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2539:
2536:
2535:Anton Shammas
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2515:the Holocaust
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2477:. The novels
2476:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2459:Nathan Shaham
2456:
2455:Aharon Megged
2452:
2446:
2436:
2434:
2430:
2429:Leah Goldberg
2426:
2425:Modern Hebrew
2422:
2418:
2414:
2409:
2406:
2405:Yitzhaq Shami
2402:
2398:
2394:
2388:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2373:national poet
2370:
2366:
2362:
2361:Jacob Fichman
2358:
2357:David Shimoni
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2341:Second Aliyah
2338:
2333:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2286:
2283:
2280:
2276:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2258:romantic poet
2255:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2231:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2208:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2163:(1789â1862).
2162:
2161:Samuel Molder
2158:
2150:
2149:
2144:
2140:
2137:
2134:
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2127:
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2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2042:
2040:
2030:
2028:
2023:
2021:
2017:
2016:Yehuda Halevi
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
2000:Eleazar Kalir
1997:
1993:
1988:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1973:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1955:Arba'ah Turim
1952:
1951:Mishneh Torah
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1919:
1914:
1913:
1908:
1907:philosophical
1898:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1871:
1869:
1865:
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1857:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1844:Holy Language
1835:
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1827:
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1415:Ancient Greek
1413:
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1245:
1244:
1237:Other aspects
1236:
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947:
945:
942:
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937:
936:
929:
926:
925:
921:
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909:
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906:Modern Hebrew
904:
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897:
894:
892:
889:
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884:
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877:
874:
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872:
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870:
869:Jewish poetry
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860:
858:
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848:
845:
843:
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835:
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828:
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747:
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623:
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531:
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508:
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498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
475:Cain and Abel
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
450:Gog and Magog
448:
446:
445:Promised Land
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
421:
418:
416:
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385:
382:
381:
377:
376:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
347:Judeo-Marathi
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
328:
325:
323:
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
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268:
264:
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191:
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163:
161:
158:
156:
153:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
138:
137:
136:
135:
134:
133:Judeo-Aramaic
127:
124:
122:
119:
117:
114:
112:
109:
107:
104:
102:
99:
97:
94:
92:
89:
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82:
79:
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69:
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66:
65:
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51:
50:
46:
45:
41:
37:
36:
33:
30:
29:
25:
21:
20:
3965:
3958:
3951:
3944:
3937:
3897:
3753:Inverted nun
3738:Cantillation
3697:
3667:Sin/Shin dot
3439:Paleo-Hebrew
3255:from English
3077:Israel Prize
2950:
2883:
2849:. Eerdmans.
2846:
2835:Bibliography
2824:the original
2814:
2801:
2790:. Retrieved
2780:
2769:. Retrieved
2740:. Retrieved
2736:
2726:
2715:. Retrieved
2692:
2688:
2677:
2665:
2657:
2653:
2639:Yona Wallach
2631:Ronny Someck
2611:David Avidan
2567:Sami Michael
2540:
2494:
2490:
2482:
2478:
2463:Moshe Shamir
2448:
2410:
2397:Israel Prize
2393:Yehuda Burla
2389:
2334:
2310:
2307:20th century
2290:
2285:Abraham Mapu
2232:
2212:I. S. Reggio
2209:
2197:Simon Bacher
2181:superstition
2154:
2151:into Hebrew.
2146:
2108:
2099:
2096:19th century
2071:
2051:Judeo-Arabic
2048:
2045:18th century
2036:
2024:
1989:
1976:
1970:
1923:Judeo-Arabic
1916:
1910:
1904:
1901:Medieval era
1872:
1864:Hebrew Bible
1829:
1823:
1783:
1782:
1716:Contemporary
1666:Early modern
1405:
1344:
1257:Architecture
1055:Jewish dance
944:Philosophers
867:
866:
821:
640:
639:
485:Burning bush
425:Tree of Life
410:Adam and Eve
352:Judeo-Berber
238:
237:
199:Judeo-Arabic
197:
196:
150:LishĂĄn DidĂĄn
145:Lishana Deni
131:
130:
62:
61:
3758:Shekel sign
3720:Punctuation
3685:with Niqqud
3595:Palestinian
3384:Orthography
3364:Palestinian
2971:Playwrights
2603:Etgar Keret
2575:Meir Shalev
2559:Etgar Keret
2493:(1977) and
2481:(1968) and
2471:Amir Gilboa
2228:romanticism
2129:Isaac Erter
2105:Joseph Perl
2063:Jean Racine
2008:Saadia Gaon
1925:. Works of
1814:Ancient era
1802:. In 1966,
1553:Old English
1455:Old Persian
709:Baal Berith
510:Golden calf
505:Mount Sinai
490:Ten Plagues
367:KoinĂŠ Greek
285:Piedmontese
185:Palestinian
126:Palestinian
3983:Categories
3908:literature
3728:Diacritics
3590:Babylonian
3372:Babylonian
3123:Publishers
3082:recipients
3008:Steimatzky
2985:Bookstores
2792:2014-05-05
2771:2014-05-05
2717:2014-05-05
2645:References
2619:Erez Biton
2599:Irit Linur
2543:Ruth Almog
2523:Ashkenazim
2497:(1990) by
2485:(1987) by
2479:My Michael
2475:Haim Gouri
2401:literature
2381:Ahad Ha-Am
2343:including
2325:Old Yishuv
2268:Lithuanian
2193:Max Nordau
2067:Metastasio
2033:Modern era
2004:Amram Gaon
1957:, and the
1947:Maimonides
1945:, such as
1943:Jewish law
1918:The Kuzari
1718:by century
1668:by century
1629:by century
1573:Old Turkic
1558:Old German
1346:Bronze Age
1123:Scientists
949:Maimonides
928:Philosophy
886:Al-Andalus
806:Literature
719:Bar Juchne
520:Tabernacle
500:The Exodus
470:Noah's Ark
435:Patriarchs
327:Golpaygani
121:Babylonian
3777:Phonology
3748:Gershayim
3600:Samaritan
3375:(extinct)
3367:(extinct)
3359:(extinct)
3351:Samaritan
3324:Romaniote
3314:Ashkenazi
3224:Overviews
3057:Bernstein
2999:(defunct)
2997:Mini Book
2670:Shea 2000
2623:Dan Pagis
2531:Sephardim
2491:The Lover
2483:Black Box
2411:In 1966,
2317:Palestine
2297:satirical
2291:The poet
2263:(1828â52)
2157:Amsterdam
1848:teachings
1613:Tocharian
1568:Old Malay
1563:Old Khmer
1460:Old Tamil
1407:Classical
1247:Symbolism
1221:Ashkenazi
1108:Astronomy
997:Sephardic
987:Religious
911:Holocaust
837:Judeo-Tat
664:Leviathan
384:Mythology
322:Zarphatic
275:Catalanic
116:Samaritan
76:Ashkenazi
53:Languages
3917:Surnames
3893:Keyboard
3866:Academic
3852:Segolate
3847:Suffixes
3842:Prefixes
3820:Biblical
3763:Numerals
3677:Spelling
3585:Tiberian
3454:Alphabet
3444:Solitreo
3434:Crowning
3398:Biblical
3356:Tiberian
3346:Yemenite
3319:Sephardi
3293:Medieval
3288:Mishnaic
3276:Biblical
3260:Gematria
3236:Alphabet
3231:Language
2992:Comikaza
2527:Mizrahim
2495:Mr. Mani
2433:Goldberg
2415:won the
2220:Haskalah
2177:Hasidism
2173:Haskalah
2169:Haskalah
2074:Haskalah
1992:piyyutim
1842:), "The
1828:of the
1806:won the
1796:non-Jews
1627:Medieval
1528:Japanese
1523:Georgian
1498:Bactrian
1493:Armenian
1465:Sanskrit
1450:Phrygian
1445:Parthian
1394:Sumerian
1359:Akkadian
1252:Clothing
1211:Sephardi
1161:Baseball
1103:Medicine
939:Haskalah
891:Yemenite
881:Piyyutim
876:Biblical
862:Rabbinic
852:Yemenite
827:American
817:Biblical
774:Rephaite
734:Mazzikin
659:Behemoth
590:Mordecai
362:Krymchak
337:Hamedani
297:Gruzinic
280:Italkian
233:Yemenite
228:Djerbian
190:Galilean
180:Talmudic
175:Biblical
160:Betanure
111:Biblical
106:Mishnaic
101:Medieval
96:Tiberian
91:Yemenite
81:Sephardi
24:a series
22:Part of
3902:ancient
3878:Academy
3873:Revival
3812:Grammar
3689:missing
3429:Cursive
3419:Braille
3407:Scripts
3334:Mizrahi
3329:Italian
3241:History
3175:Shocken
3130:Am Oved
3067:Brenner
3016:(chain)
3010:(chain)
2959:Authors
2872::
2595:Amos Oz
2511:Zionism
2507:Judaism
2487:Amos Oz
2337:Israeli
2323:of the
2313:Zionist
2270:author
2201:Romania
2185:Hungary
2133:Hasidic
1895:midrash
1891:Aramaic
1852:Abraham
1608:Tibetan
1598:Sogdian
1533:Kannada
1430:Aramaic
1374:Hittite
1364:Elamite
1335:corpora
1331:Ancient
1216:Mizrahi
1195:Cuisine
1092:Science
1012:Zemirot
1002:Klezmer
992:Mizrahi
982:Secular
954:Strauss
847:English
842:Yiddish
784:Yossele
754:Armilus
744:Se'irim
739:Arariel
689:Estries
684:Bagdana
625:Gabriel
620:Michael
570:Solomon
540:Gehenna
440:Abraham
405:Genesis
342:Shuadit
332:Shirazi
312:Bukhori
292:Knaanic
270:Yevanic
263:Tetuani
258:Haketia
248:Yiddish
206:Yahudic
155:Barzani
140:HulaulĂĄ
86:Mizrahi
3898:Hebrew
3825:Modern
3743:Geresh
3652:Mappiq
3647:Dagesh
3632:Kamatz
3577:Niqqud
3532:Samech
3424:Ashuri
3339:Syrian
3298:Modern
3170:Pardes
3135:Bialik
3094:Lamdan
3072:Geffen
3062:Bialik
2853:
2742:17 May
2637:, and
2577:, and
2473:, and
2461:, and
2399:, for
2369:Israel
2301:Rabbis
2165:Prague
2143:Goethe
2086:German
2018:, and
1998:, and
1953:, the
1887:Gemara
1875:Mishna
1868:Tanakh
1860:Israel
1603:Telugu
1588:Sabaic
1508:Coptic
1488:Arabic
1470:Syriac
1399:Ugarit
1389:Lydian
1384:Luwian
1369:Hattic
1324:by era
1060:Humour
1007:Niggun
832:Ladino
822:Hebrew
779:Pardes
769:Alukah
764:Elioud
729:Naamah
699:Samael
694:Belial
674:Tannin
669:Shedim
649:Dybbuk
630:Dobiel
615:Azrael
580:Esther
575:Samson
555:Gideon
550:Daniel
535:Moloch
530:Yahweh
455:Nimrod
415:Lilith
317:Juhuri
307:Dzhidi
302:Karaim
253:Ladino
239:Other
170:Targum
71:Modern
64:Hebrew
3912:Names
3888:Ulpan
3883:Study
3733:Meteg
3657:Maqaf
3637:Holam
3627:PataḼ
3622:Segol
3617:Tzere
3612:Hiriq
3547:Tsadi
3517:Lamed
3492:Zayin
3477:Dalet
3472:Gimel
3414:Rashi
3165:Modan
3145:Gefen
3140:Carta
3109:Sapir
2976:Poets
2878:. In
2423:into
2413:Agnon
2266:the
2183:. In
2148:Faust
1996:Yanai
1939:Rashi
1879:Torah
1804:Agnon
1618:Welsh
1578:Norse
1518:Geʽez
1140:Sport
971:Music
857:Musar
759:Broxa
749:Dumah
714:Lilin
704:Re'em
679:Rahab
654:Golem
600:Satan
585:Haman
480:Moses
3693:full
3662:Rafe
3607:Shva
3562:Shin
3557:Resh
3537:Ayin
3462:Alef
3391:Eras
3269:Eras
3160:Mapa
2851:ISBN
2744:2015
2605:and
2529:and
2509:and
2489:and
2383:and
2359:and
2256:the
2179:and
2006:and
1915:and
1873:The
1731:21st
1726:20th
1707:19th
1702:18th
1686:17th
1681:16th
1676:15th
1657:14th
1652:13th
1647:12th
1642:11th
1637:10th
1593:Saka
1583:Pali
896:Epic
635:Ouza
610:Ruth
605:Ezra
560:Saul
395:Baal
3567:Tav
3552:Kuf
3542:Pei
3527:Nun
3522:Mem
3512:Kaf
3507:Yud
3502:Tet
3497:Ḥet
3487:Vav
3482:Hei
3467:Bet
2371:'s
2311:As
2303:".
2145:'s
1969:'s
1933:by
1870:).
1858:of
1850:of
1029:Art
724:Ziz
595:Job
3985::
3904:/
3900:/
3691:/
3687:/
3253:/
2752:^
2735:.
2700:^
2633:,
2629:,
2625:,
2621:,
2617:,
2613:,
2601:,
2597:,
2593:,
2589:,
2585:,
2573:,
2569:,
2565:,
2561:,
2557:,
2553:,
2549:,
2545:,
2469:,
2457:,
2363:.
2355:,
2351:,
2347:,
2207:.
2053:.
2014:,
1987:.
1949:'
1937:,
400:El
26:on
3342:)
3336:(
3283:)
3279:(
3209:e
3202:t
3195:v
2935:e
2928:t
2921:v
2859:.
2795:.
2774:.
2746:.
2720:.
1975:(
1866:(
1836:(
1772:e
1765:t
1758:v
1337:)
1333:(
1305:e
1298:t
1291:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
