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Henry Maudslay

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320: 496: 449: 642: 54: 311:, but was having problems sealing both the piston and the piston rod where it fitted into the cylinder. The usual method was hemp packing but the pressures were too high for this to work. Maudslay came up with the idea of a leather cup washer, which gave a perfect seal but offered no resistance to movement when the pressure was released. The new hydraulic press worked perfectly thereafter. But Maudslay, who had made a major contribution to its success, received little credit for it. 580: 471:, which still survive, including some of the original machinery. The machines were capable of making 130,000 ships' blocks a year, needing only ten unskilled men to operate them compared with the 110 skilled workers needed before their installation. This was the first well-known example of specialized machinery used for machining in an assembly-line type factory. 603:. After many difficulties this first tunnel under the Thames was completed in 1842. The tunnel would not have been possible without the innovative tunneling shield designed by Marc Brunel and built by Maudslay Sons & Field at their Lambeth works. Maudslay also supplied the steam-driven pumps that were important for keeping the tunnel workings dry. 368:
that it traveled in proportion to the turning of the work. This allowed screw threads to be precisely cut. Changing the gears gave various pitches. The ability of the slide-rest lathe to produce precision parts revolutionised the production of machine components. He standardized the screw threads used in his workshop and produced sets of
1080:) This is a collection of essays by various specialists, and comprises biographies of Maudslay, Roberts, Napier, Clement, Whitworth, Nasmyth and Muir, as well as an account of the London Engineering Scene at the time of Maudslay, and an account of the firm from the death of Maudslay in 1831 until its demise in 1904. 258:
at the Arsenal. After two years, he was transferred to a carpenter's shop followed by a blacksmith's forge, where at the age of fifteen he began training as a blacksmith. He seems to have specialised in the lighter, more complex kind of forge work. During his time at the Arsenal, Maudslay also worked
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Maudslay designed a tool holder into which the cutting tool would be clamped, and which would slide on accurately planed surfaces to allow the cutting tool to move in either direction. The slide rest was positioned by a leadscrew to which power was transmitted through a pair of changeable gears so
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When Maudslay began working for Bramah, the typical lathe was worked by a treadle and the workman held the cutting tool against the work. This did not allow for precision, especially in cutting iron, so screw threads were usually made by chipping and filing (that is, with skilled freehand use of
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In 1797, after having worked for Bramah for eight years, Maudslay was refused a wage increase to 30s a week so he decided to set up his own business. In 1798 he obtained a small shop and smithy in Wells Street, off Oxford Street. In 1800 he moved to larger premises in Margaret Street, Cavendish
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In 1791 he married Bramah's housemaid, Sarah Tindel, together they had a daughter Isabel Maudslay and four sons: Thomas Henry, the eldest, and Joseph, the youngest, subsequently joined their father in business. William, the second, became a civil engineer and was one of the founders of the
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Near the end of his life Maudslay developed an interest in astronomy and began to construct a telescope. He intended to buy a house in Norwood and build a private observatory there, but died before he was able to accomplish his plan. In January 1831 he caught a chill while crossing the
511:. The type of engine he used for ships was a side-lever design, in which a beam was mounted alongside the cylinder. This reduced height in the cramped engine rooms of steamers. His first marine engine was built in 1815, of 17 h.p., and fitted to a Thames steamer named the 363:
were rare; metal screws, when made at all, were usually for use in wood. Metal bolts passing through wood framing to a metal fastening on the other side were usually fastened in non-threaded ways (such as clinching or upsetting against a washer).
552:, the first purpose-built transatlantic steamship. They patented a double cylinder direct acting engine in 1839. They introduced some of the earliest screw propulsion units for ships, including one for the first Admiralty screw steamship, 399:
may have done that in 1775; evidence is scant), but he did introduce the three-part combination of lead screw, slide rest, and change gears, sparking a great advance in machine tools and in the engineering use of screw threads.
696:. Maudslay played his part in the development of mechanical engineering when it was in its infancy, but he was especially pioneering in the development of machine tools to be used in engineering workshops across the world. 431:
By 1810, Maudslay was employing 80 workers and running out of room at his workshop, hence moved to larger premises in Westminster Bridge Road, Lambeth. Maudslay also recruited a promising young Admiralty draughtsman,
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called for his services on the recommendation of one of his employees. Bramah was surprised that he was only eighteen, but Maudslay demonstrated his ability and started work at Bramah's workshop in
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based on the tumbler principle, but had difficulty manufacturing at an economic price. Maudslay built the lock that was displayed in Bramah's shop window with a notice offering a reward of 200
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that would make nuts and bolts consistently to those standards, so that any bolt of the appropriate size would fit any nut of the same size. This was a major advance in workshop technology.
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to anyone who could pick it. It resisted all efforts for 47 years. Maudslay designed and made a set of special tools and machines that allowed the lock to be made at an economic price.
463:, his first major commission was to build a series of 42 woodworking machines to produce wooden rigging blocks (each ship required thousands) for the Navy under Sir 766:. Many books have spelled his surname with an "e" as "Maudsley"; but this seems to be an error propagated via citation of earlier books containing the same error. 533:
The marine engine business was developed by Henry's third son, Joseph Maudslay (1801 - 1861). He had trained in shipbuilding at Northfleet and, with
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for the query "Henry+Maudsley"+lathe (quotes inclusive) returns several hundred results that clearly are meant to refer to the same identity.
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Maudslay's company was one of the most important British engineering manufactories of the nineteenth century, finally closing in 1904.
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Quentin R. Skrabec, Jr. (2005). "The Metallurgic Age: The Victorian Flowering of Invention and Industrial Science". p. 169. McFarland
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after visiting a friend in France. He was ill for four weeks and died on 14 February 1831. He was buried in the churchyard of
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Maudslay had shown himself to be so talented that after one year the nineteen-year-old was made manager of Bramah's workshop.
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Whitaker), the young widow of Joseph Laundy. His father was wounded in action and so in 1756 became an 'artificer' at the
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Maudslay's early screw-cutting lathes of circa 1797 while working for Joseph Bramah, and 1800 in his own business.
487:). He called it the "Lord Chancellor", as it was used to settle any questions regarding accuracy of workmanship. 1223: 613: 1233: 568: 234:), where he remained until 1776 and died in 1780. The family lived in an alley that no longer exists, off 1126: 1213: 1203: 669: 319: 630: 264: 34: 1085:
The Portsmouth Block Mills: Bentham, Brunel and the start of the Royal Navy's Industrial Revolution
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of North Lambeth. In 1838, after Henry's death, the Lambeth works supplied a 750 h.p. engine for
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In Maudslay's surname, as in other British names with terminal unstressed syllable
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An entire chapter devoted to the Portsmouth machinery, of 18 pages and 7 plates.
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The Portsmouth Blockmaking Machinery: A Pioneering Enterprise in Mass Production
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with his machine tool technology. His most influential invention was the
596: 369: 356: 292: 211: 520: 484: 388: 384: 376: 947:...the first instance of the use of machine tools for mass production. 483:
capable of measuring to one ten-thousandth of an inch (0.0001 in ≈ 3
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Bagust, Harold, "The Greater Genius?", 2006, Ian Allan Publishing,
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Maudslay's Lambeth works began to specialize in the production of
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Rolt, L.T.C., "Great Engineers", 1962, G. Bell and Sons Ltd, ISBN
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Many of the tools made by Maudslay are in the collection of the
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technology. His inventions were an important foundation for the
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Many outstanding engineers trained in his workshop, including
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Maudslay was the fifth of seven children of Henry Maudslay, a
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to cut metal, circa 1800, enabled the manufacture of standard
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have claimed), and may not have been the first to combine a
938: 758: 519:, the first steam-powered vessel to be commissioned by the 231: 85: 1148:); and by Lindsay Publications, Inc., Bradley, Illinois ( 523:. In 1829 a side-lever engine of 400 h.p. completed for 1140:. Reprinted by McGraw-Hill, New York and London, 1926 ( 816:, vol. 13, p. 81, accessed on ancestry.co.uk 2016-12-20 633:; he designed the memorial located in its Lady Chapel. 16:
English inventor and machine tool innovator (1771–1831)
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sizes for the first time. This allowed the concept of
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was the largest marine engine existing at that time.
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thereof; it therefore sounds the same as "Maudsley"
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Maudslay developed the first industrially practical
1016: 743: 740: 467:. The machines were installed in the purpose-built 1100: 1070:Henry Maudslay and the Pioneers of the Machine Age 1174:Pioneers of the Machine Tool Industry information 1131:, New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 1001:"London, England, Marriages and Banns, 1754-1921" 1185: 970:The Cyclopaedia of Arts, Science, and Literature 58:Portrait by Pierre Louis ('Henri') Grevedon 1827 926: 924: 583:Interior of the Thames Tunnel, mid-19th century 160: 33:"Maudslay" redirects here. For other uses, see 892: 890: 649:Maudslay laid an important foundation for the 275:Maudslay acquired such a good reputation that 854: 852: 850: 796:Marshall, George W. (George William) (1882). 709: 422: 254:monkey", one of the boys employed in filling 921: 567:design. They exhibited their engines at the 887: 250:Maudslay began work at the age of 12 as a " 194:sizes. Standard screw thread sizes allowed 961: 847: 726:, the terminal syllable is pronounced as / 52: 1068:John Cantrell and Gillian Cookson, eds., 414: 291:Bramah designed and patented an improved 795: 640: 578: 515:. In 1823 a Maudslay engine powered the 494: 447: 443: 318: 175:. He is considered a founding father of 858: 1186: 1072:, 2002, Tempus Publishing, Ltd, pb., ( 977: 865:(2 ed.). H.M. Stationery Office. 840: 838: 836: 834: 832: 830: 828: 826: 824: 822: 440:when Maudslay's sons became partners. 314: 1098: 331:in 1800, allowing standardisation of 1167:Picture of Maudslay's original lathe 967: 1229:People of the Industrial Revolution 1121: 1022: 819: 812:MAUDSLAY, Henry (1771–1831), 13: 1128:English and American Tool Builders 1041:. Yourdictionary.com. 22 May 2016. 930: 479:Maudslay invented the first bench 302: 283:, St Giles.Keith Reginald Gilbert 14: 1245: 1160: 490: 859:Gilbert, Keith Reginald (1971). 814:Dictionary of National Biography 736: 606: 574: 270: 186:Maudslay's invention of a metal 1103:The First Industrial Revolution 1062: 1031: 1007: 862:Henry Maudslay: Machine Builder 1209:British steam engine engineers 1107:. Cambridge University Press. 968:Rees, A. (1819). "Machinery". 952: 910: 899: 806: 789: 614:Institution of Civil Engineers 499:Engines of the Paddle Steamer 286: 1: 782: 619: 569:1862 International Exhibition 474: 205: 1219:English mechanical engineers 1013:Some sources say 15 February 375:Maudslay did not invent the 263:had installed an innovative 259:at the Royal Foundry, where 7: 1180: (archived 3 July 2007) 769: 10: 1250: 710:Pronunciation and spelling 459:Following earlier work by 423:Henry Maudslay and Company 161:pronunciation and spelling 32: 25: 18: 636: 631:St Mary Magdalen Woolwich 265:horizontal boring machine 245: 150: 142: 135: 127: 119: 96: 63: 51: 44: 35:Maudslay (disambiguation) 972:. Vol. XXI. London. 539:Maudslay, Sons and Field 438:Maudslay, Sons and Field 26:Not to be confused with 1099:Deane, Phyllis (1965). 543:Isambard Kingdom Brunel 452:Rigging block from HMS 198:and the development of 146:Machine tool technology 19:For the RAF pilot, see 1039:"Henry Maudsley Facts" 931:Gilbert, K.R. (1965). 776:Maudslay Motor Company 704:Science Museum, London 646: 584: 504: 469:Portsmouth Block Mills 456: 415:Promotion and ambition 324: 307:Bramah had designed a 242:and Beresford Street. 1224:Machine tool builders 659:interchangeable parts 651:Industrial Revolution 644: 582: 498: 451: 444:Block making machines 337:interchangeable parts 322: 196:interchangeable parts 181:Industrial Revolution 1234:People from Woolwich 958:Deane 1965, page 131 661:(a prerequisite for 589:Marc Isambard Brunel 509:marine steam engines 465:Marc Isambard Brunel 403:Maudslay's original 1123:Roe, Joseph Wickham 655:screw-cutting lathe 645:A bust of Maudslay. 595:, intended to link 405:screw-cutting lathe 379:(as others such as 329:screw-cutting lathe 315:Screw cutting lathe 143:Significant advance 21:Henry Eric Maudslay 647: 591:began work on the 585: 505: 457: 395:all on one lathe ( 325: 169:tool and die maker 137:Engineering career 1214:English engineers 1204:English inventors 1154:978-0-917914-73-7 872:978-0-11-290108-2 688:(inventor of the 154: 153: 114:, London, England 1241: 1139: 1118: 1106: 1083:Coad, Jonathan, 1056: 1049: 1043: 1042: 1035: 1029: 1020: 1014: 1011: 1005: 1004: 997: 991: 981: 975: 973: 965: 959: 956: 950: 949: 928: 919: 914: 908: 903: 897: 894: 885: 884: 856: 845: 842: 817: 810: 804: 803: 793: 765: 764: 761: 760: 757: 754: 751: 748: 745: 742: 682:Joseph Whitworth 236:Beresford Square 218:, and Margaret ( 107: 105: 100:14 February 1831 74: 72: 56: 42: 41: 1249: 1248: 1244: 1243: 1242: 1240: 1239: 1238: 1184: 1183: 1178:Wayback Machine 1163: 1115: 1065: 1060: 1059: 1050: 1046: 1037: 1036: 1032: 1021: 1017: 1012: 1008: 999: 998: 994: 982: 978: 966: 962: 957: 953: 929: 922: 915: 911: 906:Roe 1916:36-40. 904: 900: 895: 888: 873: 857: 848: 843: 820: 811: 807: 799:The genealogist 794: 790: 785: 772: 739: 735: 712: 670:Richard Roberts 663:mass production 639: 627:English Channel 622: 609: 577: 493: 477: 446: 425: 417: 317: 309:hydraulic press 305: 303:Hydraulic press 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1829 500: 478: 458: 453: 434:Joshua Field 430: 426: 418: 402: 393:change gears 374: 366: 349: 333:screw thread 326: 306: 293:type of lock 290: 274: 249: 240:Powis Street 219: 209: 192:screw thread 185: 177:machine tool 165:machine tool 156: 155: 136: 39: 1199:1831 deaths 1194:1771 births 597:Rotherhithe 411:in London. 287:Bramah lock 212:wheelwright 167:innovator, 120:Nationality 1188:Categories 941:, for the 881:1014342154 783:References 620:Later life 521:Royal Navy 481:micrometer 475:Micrometer 407:is at the 389:slide-rest 385:lead screw 377:slide-rest 256:cartridges 238:, between 206:Early life 128:Occupation 104:1831-02-15 71:1771-08-22 732:reduction 587:In 1825, 561:John Penn 554:HMS  525:HMS  517:Lightning 267:in 1772. 230:(then in 1146:27-24075 1137:16011753 1125:(1916), 1087:, 2005, 1023:Roe 1916 770:See also 718:such as 513:Richmond 428:Square. 228:Woolwich 173:inventor 131:Engineer 78:Woolwich 1176:at the 730:/ or a 724:Barclay 720:Lindsay 601:Wapping 556:Rattler 454:Victory 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Index

Henry Eric Maudslay
Henry Maudsley
Maudslay (disambiguation)

Woolwich
London
Kent
England
Lambeth
pronunciation and spelling
machine tool
tool and die maker
inventor
machine tool
Industrial Revolution
lathe
screw thread
interchangeable parts
mass production
wheelwright
Royal Engineers
Royal Arsenal
Woolwich
Kent
Beresford Square
Powis Street
powder
cartridges
Jan Verbruggen
horizontal boring machine

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