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460:, responding positively to more moderate parts of the Shia opposition and met several of its representatives. Desiring to end Shiite opposition to the government, Fahd promised to work towards improving conditions for Shiites in Saudi Arabia. This took the form of, amongst other things, ordering the elimination of derogatory terms for Shiites from textbooks, removing certain other forms of explicit discrimination, and of allowing many Saudi Shiite exiles to return to Saudi Arabia.
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perpetrated several terrorist attacks in Saudi Arabia during late 1980s. After the diplomatic thaw between the Saudi
Arabian and Iranian governments in 1990, the group ceased its attacks in the early 1990s. A series of crackdowns launched by the Saudi government after the Khobar Towers bombing almost completely eradicated the organization.
452:
was attacked. Ra's Tanura refinery was also attacked. Several Saudi policemen were killed and wounded in clashes with
Hizbullah fighters. The Saudi authorities answered with widespread arrests among suspected Shia activists. The organization was also strongly suspected of being responsible for a
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outside the US Air Force base at Khobar in eastern Saudi Arabia, killing 19 American soldiers and wounding several hundred. Subsequent
American and Saudi investigations blamed Hizbullah al-Hijaz for the attack. From its founding in 1987, the Hezbollah al-Hejaz group had advocated violence and
492:
asserted in 2007 that he now believed that al-Qaeda was responsible for the Khobar attack. Back in the day, US had not taken al-Qaeda seriously. However, al-Qaeda never claimed responsibility for the attacks. Thomas
Hegghammer asserted that, during that period, al-Qaeda lacked the sufficient
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Although formally not a partner to the agreement and even voicing disagreements with it, Hizbullah al-Hejaz members were included in the amnesty and the organization generally abided by its terms. The organization’s members mainly refrained from overt opposition politics and concentrated on
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Others have said that on balance, the available evidence suggests Shiite responsibility. After the Khobar bombing most of the members and people associated with the
Hezbollah al-Hejaz were arrested by Saudi authorities. The organization practically ceased to exist.
439:
The
Hizbullah of the Hijaz was founded in May 1987 with active encouragement from Iran. Hijaz is generally used as the name of the western part of Saudi Arabia. Here it was denoting the whole country, as using the name Saudi Arabia would imply recognition of the
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The organization carried out several attacks in Saudi Arabia in the second half of the 1980s. In August 1987, an explosion occurred at a petroleum facility in Ra's al-Ju'ayma and in March the following year a petrochemical industry in
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From its inception in 1987, Hizbullah al-Hijaz was a cleric-based group aligned with Iran, modeling itself on
Lebanese Hizbullah. It advocated violence against the Saudi regime and carried out several terrorist attacks in the late
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Many of the members of the organization has since been released. Several others, including those indicted by US authorities, still remain in jail in Saudi Arabia without trial.
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401:" policy. Most of its members were arrested and the party practically ceased to exist. In 2014 it was designated a terrorist organization by the kingdom's government.
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of that year. Demonstrations of
Iranian pilgrims were violently suppressed, which led to a stampede that killed over 400, mainly Iranian, pilgrims.
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393:. In the years 1987–89 the party launched attacks against official Saudi targets inside and outside Saudi Arabia. After being implicated in the
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Relations between the two countries improved in the mid-1980s, but suddenly took a negative turn in 1987 after a violent episode during the
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507:, who was suspected of involvement in the Khobar bombing, was reportedly captured in Beirut in August 2015 and transferred to Saudi Arabia.
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number of attacks against Saudi targets abroad, such as diplomats etc. These attacks were never officially claimed by
Hezbollah al-Hejaz.
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HRW (2008) - Precarious
Justice - Arbitrary Detention and Unfair Trials in the Deficient - Criminal Justice System of Saudi Arabia
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Hegghammer, Thomas (2009). "Jihad, Yes, But Not Revolution: Explaining the Extraversion of Islamist Violence in Saudi Arabia".
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in 2001, several observers expressed doubts about the true culprits of the Khobar bombings. Former US Secretary of Defence
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in 1996, the party was outlawed in Saudi Arabia. The party was part of the Iranian government's "exporting the
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After the end of the Iran-Iraq war in 1988, relations again thawed between the two countries. In 1993,
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were tense and even hostile. A major source of conflict was the Saudi authorities’ treatment of the
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Terrorism charges have been brought against 13 members of the pro-Iran Saudi Hizballah
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985:"Hizbullah al-Hijaz: A History of The Most Radical Saudi Shi'a Opposition Group"
883:"Hizbullah al-Hijaz: A History of The Most Radical Saudi Shi'a Opposition Group"
833:"Hizbullah al-Hijaz: A History of The Most Radical Saudi Shi'a Opposition Group"
674:"Hizbullah al-Hijaz: A History of The Most Radical Saudi Shi'a Opposition Group"
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1997:
1947:
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753:"Embattled in Arabia. Shi'is and the Politics of Confrontation in Saudi Arabia"
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720:"Iran Planned to Revive 'Hezbollah Al-Hejaz' Under Al-Mughassil's Command"
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16:
Shia militant organization operating in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and Bahrain
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1073:
Saudi Arabia holding main suspect in 1996 Khobar Towers bombing: report
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929:"The Khobar Towers bombing: Its perpetrators and political fallout"
807:
The Shia Revival: How Conflicts within Islam Will Shape the Future
4106:
Organizations designated as terrorist by the United Arab Emirates
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1892:
1707:
1317:
425:. Another important factor was the Saudi support for Iraq in the
1243:
Organization for the Islamic Revolution in the Arabian Peninsula
3751:
1498:
776:
449:
1865:
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The alleged head of the military wing of Hezbollah al-Hejaz,
372:
1085:"Saudi Arabia declares Muslim Brotherhood a terrorist group"
779:"Saudi Arabia declares Muslim Brotherhood a terrorist group"
3656:
433:
282:
181:
510:
3071:
1022:
950:
Gareth Porter, Al Qaeda Excluded from the Suspects List
493:
technical capacity to launch such an extensive attack.
4101:
Organizations designated as terrorist by Saudi Arabia
1968:
Mujahideen Shura Council in the Environs of Jerusalem
4111:
Organizations based in Asia designated as terrorist
2687:
926:
770:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
4126:Paramilitary organisations based in Saudi Arabia
4047:
3557:Indonesian National Police headquarters shooting
2033:Liwa Assad Allah al-Ghalib fi al-Iraq wa al-Sham
777:Nancy A. Youssef and Adam Baron (7 March 2014).
1223:Arab Socialist Action Party – Arabian Peninsula
717:
389:. It was founded in May 1987 in Saudi Arabia's
464:religious, social and educational activities.
3757:Movement for Oneness and Jihad in West Africa
3642:
3472:2005 Indonesian beheadings of Christian girls
3057:
2673:
2209:Movement for Oneness and Jihad in West Africa
1656:
1478:
1297:
1155:
1087:. McClatchy /Kansas City Star. Archived from
809:. W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 201–2.
1110:مجلس الوزراء يعتمد قائمة التنظيمات الإرهابية
962:"Perry: U.S. eyed Iran attack after bombing"
798:
4121:Paramilitary organizations based in Kuwait
3649:
3635:
3567:Indonesian People's Da'wah Party crackdown
3064:
3050:
2987:Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (1996–2001)
2680:
2666:
1663:
1649:
1485:
1471:
1304:
1290:
1162:
1148:
1028:
982:
880:
830:
820:Saudi Shi'ites: New light on an old divide
758:. Combating Terrorism Center at West Point
671:
4071:Islamic political parties in Saudi Arabia
2219:Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries
1031:British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies
813:
576:List of political parties in Saudi Arabia
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
2869:Muslim United Liberation Tigers of Assam
2555:Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)
927:Shahir Shahidsaless (3 September 2015).
467:
3834:Islamic State - Central Africa Province
2608:Sexual violence in the Iraqi insurgency
2214:Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat
1988:People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran
667:
665:
663:
661:
659:
657:
655:
653:
651:
511:Designation as a terrorist organization
415:relations between Iran and Saudi Arabia
4048:
4116:Political parties established in 1987
3630:
3457:Australian Embassy bombing in Jakarta
3407:Christmas Eve 2000 Indonesia bombings
3382:Islamic insurgency in the Philippines
3247:Patani United Liberation Organisation
3045:
2661:
1644:
1629:
1628:
1466:
1285:
1202:Movement for Islamic Reform in Arabia
1143:
750:
3829:Islamic State – West Africa Province
3582:2024 Ulu Tiram police station attack
2864:Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami Bangladesh
2224:Shura Council of Mujahideen in Derna
1821:Al-Salafiya al-Jihadiya in the Sinai
804:
648:
601:Jaysh al-Mu'ammal (Iraq & Syria)
149:Abdelkarim Hussein Mohamed Al-Nasser
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
4056:1987 establishments in Saudi Arabia
3973:Jihadist insurgency in Burkina Faso
3844:Islamic State - Mozambique Province
3824:Islamic State in the Greater Sahara
3252:Pattani Islamic Mujahideen Movement
3162:Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters
2899:Students' Islamic Movement of India
596:Liwa Assad Allah (Iraq & Syria)
404:
365:
190:in the Arabian Peninsula after the
13:
3767:Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin
3262:United Mujahideen Front of Pattani
3187:Islamic Liberation Front of Patani
3177:Front for the Liberation of Champa
2849:Tehreek-e-Azaadi Jammu and Kashmir
1918:Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin
1530:National Islamic Alliance (Taalof)
1414:National Democratic Action Society
1377:National Democratic Action Society
718:Turki al-Suhail (25 August 2017).
591:Harakah Hezbollah al-Nujaba (Iraq)
14:
4172:
4131:Political parties in Saudi Arabia
3417:2000 Philippine consulate bombing
3343:Sekarmadji Maridjan Kartosoewirjo
2319:Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi
1814:Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula
1171:Political parties in Saudi Arabia
1118:
3963:Islamist insurgency in the Sahel
3572:Istana Negara attempted shooting
2879:Jagrata Muslim Janata Bangladesh
2204:Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group
1497:
1316:
1248:Organization of Saudi Communists
1228:Arabian Peninsula People's Union
1174:
983:Matthiesen, Toby (Spring 2010).
881:Matthiesen, Toby (Spring 2010).
831:Matthiesen, Toby (Spring 2010).
672:Matthiesen, Toby (Spring 2010).
549:
530:
329:
317:
304:
287:
275:
210:
133:
23:
4146:Saudi Arabian opposition groups
3985:Somali Civil War (2009–present)
3772:al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb
3552:2021 Makassar cathedral bombing
3482:2007 Basilan beheading incident
3432:Singapore embassies attack plot
2874:Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh
2689:Militant Islamism in South Asia
2582:Yemeni civil war (2014–present)
2504:Abdul-Malik Badreddin al-Houthi
2149:al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb
1958:Katibat al-Ghuraba al-Turkistan
1548:Islamic Constitutional Movement
1233:Communist Party in Saudi Arabia
1103:
1077:
1066:
1057:
976:
954:
943:
606:Harakah al-Sabireen (Palestine)
34:needs additional citations for
4151:Shia Islamic political parties
3507:2016 Movida Bar grenade attack
3492:2013 Ekayana Monastery bombing
1382:Progressive Democratic Tribune
920:
874:
824:
744:
711:
1:
4141:Republicanism in Saudi Arabia
3562:Datu Paglas market occupation
3517:2016 Samarinda church bombing
3387:Cross border attacks in Sabah
3232:Moro Islamic Liberation Front
3182:Indonesian Mujahedeen Council
2359:Abu Ubaidah Youssef al-Annabi
2199:Libyan Islamic Fighting Group
2098:Harakat Ansar Allah al-Awfiya
1978:Nour al-Din al-Zenki Movement
1913:Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades
641:
222:(mostly inactive since 1989)
4136:Rebel groups in Saudi Arabia
3978:Jihadist insurgency in Niger
3809:Ansar al-Sharia (Mauritania)
3542:2019 Jolo Cathedral bombings
3462:2005 Tentena market bombings
3293:Abdurajik Abubakar Janjalani
2598:Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen
2566:Libyan Crisis (2011–present)
2525:Israeli–Palestinian conflict
1676:Middle East and North Africa
1586:National Democratic Alliance
1581:Kuwaiti Progressive Movement
1313:Political parties in Bahrain
482:East Africa embassy bombings
169:(mostly inactive since 1989)
7:
3851:Ansar al-Sunna (Mozambique)
3442:2003 Marriott Hotel bombing
3217:Kumpulan Mujahidin Malaysia
2905:Karnataka Forum for Dignity
2844:Al-Badr (Jammu and Kashmir)
2434:Muhammad abd-al-Salam Faraj
2058:Abu al-Fadl al-Abbas Forces
2053:Liwa Abu al-Fadhal al-Abbas
2013:Harakat Hezbollah al-Nujaba
1953:Katibat al-Tawhid wal-Jihad
1923:Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad
1826:Ansar al-Islam in Kurdistan
1494:Political parties in Kuwait
751:Jones, Toby (3 June 2009).
569:
484:in 1998 and especially the
474:massive truck bomb exploded
10:
4177:
4161:Shia Islam in Saudi Arabia
3995:Insurgency in Cabo Delgado
3927:Adnan Abu Walid al-Sahrawi
3452:2004 SuperFerry 14 bombing
3212:Khalifa Islamiyah Mindanao
2884:Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami
2499:Jalal al-Din Ali al-Saghir
1774:Abu Hafs al-Masri Brigades
1554:Justice and Peace Alliance
631:Hezbollah Movement in Iraq
626:Hezbollah Movement in Iran
616:Islamic Movement (Nigeria)
505:Ahmed Ibrahim Al-Mughassil
409:The first years after the
385:organization operating in
153:Ahmed Ibrahim Al-Mughassil
4156:Terrorism in Saudi Arabia
4091:Islamist insurgent groups
4003:
3955:
3859:
3719:
3693:
3665:
3590:
3527:2018 Mako Brimob standoff
3370:South Thailand insurgency
3356:
3298:Ataullah abu Ammar Jununi
3270:
3242:Mujahidin Indonesia Timur
3167:Barisan Revolusi Nasional
3157:Ansar Khalifa Philippines
3139:
3113:
3080:
3005:
2979:
2918:
2804:Harkat-ul-Jihad al-Islami
2794:Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan
2771:
2745:
2695:
2621:
2590:
2517:
2299:Abu Abdulrahman al-Bilawi
2246:
2159:Ansar al-Sharia (Tunisia)
2144:Abu Salim Martyrs Brigade
2136:
2063:Kata'ib Sayyid al-Shuhada
1993:Sheikh Omar Hadid Brigade
1898:Palestinian Islamic Jihad
1761:
1754:
1728:
1683:
1638:
1609:List of political parties
1599:
1568:
1507:
1447:List of political parties
1437:
1401:
1362:
1344:National Justice Movement
1339:Al-Menber Islamic Society
1326:
1266:List of political parties
1256:
1215:
1184:
1043:10.1080/13530190903338938
342:
299:
270:
262:
254:
244:
228:
205:
174:
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125:
4086:Islamism in Saudi Arabia
3839:Islamic State in Somalia
3814:Allied Democratic Forces
3477:2005 Palu market bombing
3447:2004 Palopo cafe bombing
3412:2000 Sipadan kidnappings
3192:Jamaah Ansharusy Syariah
2910:Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan
2229:Tunisian Combatant Group
2123:Hassan Al-Basri Brigades
2108:1920 Revolution Brigades
1576:Civil Conservative Party
1429:Al Wafa Islamic Movement
1419:Bahrain Freedom Movement
1271:Politics of Saudi Arabia
621:Ansar-e Hezbollah (Iran)
586:Kata'ib Hezbollah (Iraq)
4061:Banned Islamist parties
3512:2016 Davao City bombing
2819:Ansarul Sharia Pakistan
2789:Jamaat al Dawa al Quran
2603:ISIL territorial claims
2577:War in Iraq (2013–2017)
2364:Abu Ubaidah al-Banshiri
2289:Abdullah Ahmed Abdullah
2154:Ansar al-Sharia (Libya)
2043:Shield of Islam Brigade
1841:Ansar al-Sharia (Yemen)
1836:Ansar al-Sharia (Syria)
1794:Al-Mustafa Army in Iraq
1769:Abdullah Azzam Brigades
1591:Popular Action Movement
1560:Kuwait Democratic Forum
1524:Islamic Salafi Alliance
1192:National Assembly Party
989:The Middle East Journal
887:The Middle East Journal
837:The Middle East Journal
678:The Middle East Journal
139:Hezbollah Al-Hejaz logo
4066:Independence movements
3804:Ansar al-Sharia (Mali)
3737:Al-Itihaad al-Islamiya
3706:Islamic fundamentalism
3427:Dos Palmas kidnappings
3397:1985 Borobudur bombing
3207:Jamaah Ansharut Tauhid
3202:Jamaah Ansharut Daulah
3126:Islamic fundamentalism
2894:Popular Front of India
2758:Islamic fundamentalism
2394:Abu Mohammad al-Julani
2264:Abu Muslim al-Turkmani
2259:Abu Mohammad al-Adnani
2189:al-Jama'a al-Islamiyya
2184:Egyptian Islamic Jihad
2179:Derna Protection Force
2048:Saraya Ansar al-Aqeeda
1741:Islamic fundamentalism
1387:Islamic Action Society
1327:Pro-government parties
379:Hizbollah in the Hijaz
347:2017–2020 Qatif unrest
258:Depleted and near dead
4013:Militant Islamism in
3990:Boko Haram insurgency
3660:in Sub-Saharan Africa
3600:Militant Islamism in
3522:2017 Jakarta bombings
3487:2009 Jakarta bombings
3015:Militant Islamism in
2966:Mullah Muhammad Rasul
2951:Mullah Akhtar Mansour
2931:Hibatullah Akhundzada
2631:Militant Islamism in
2269:Abu Suleiman al-Naser
2234:Uqba ibn Nafi Brigade
1933:Jaysh al-Ummah (Gaza)
1903:Islamic State of Iraq
611:Jaysh al-Mahdi (Iraq)
468:Khobar Towers bombing
395:Khobar Towers Bombing
249:Khobar Towers bombing
180:The overthrow of the
3732:Islamic Courts Union
3577:Astana Anyar bombing
3537:2018 Lamitan bombing
3502:2016 Jakarta attacks
3333:Noordin Mohammad Top
3257:Runda Kumpulan Kecil
2971:Hafiz Muhammad Saeed
2859:Harkat-ul-Mujahideen
2613:Holy Shrine Defender
2474:Abdelhamid Abou Zeid
2464:Abu Musab al-Zarqawi
2369:Abu Ubaidah al-Masri
2314:Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi
2309:Abu Omar al-Baghdadi
2294:Abdul Nasser Qardash
2284:Abdullah Yusuf Azzam
2169:Ansar Bait al-Maqdis
2103:Promised Day Brigade
2073:Kata'ib Jund al-Imam
1973:Masada al-Mujahideen
1846:Ansar Bait al-Maqdis
995:(2): 179, 188, 197.
557:United Arab Emirates
486:September 11 attacks
370:Party of God in the
337:United Arab Emirates
186:Establishment of an
58:"Hezbollah Al-Hejaz"
43:improve this article
4076:Islamism in Bahrain
3937:Ibrahim Malam Dicko
3897:Abdelmalek Droukdel
2484:Abu Muhsin al-Masri
2354:Abdelmalek Droukdel
2174:Armed Islamic Group
2068:Kata'ib al-Imam Ali
1536:Popular Action Bloc
1452:Politics of Bahrain
805:Nasr, Vali (2007).
732:on 1 September 2017
581:Hezbollah (Lebanon)
206:Active regions
4081:Islamism in Kuwait
3887:Mokhtar Belmokhtar
3872:Hassan Dahir Aweys
3867:Ali Yassin Mohamed
3797:Katibat Salaheddin
3614:Sub-Saharan Africa
3547:2020 Jolo bombings
3467:2005 Bali bombings
3437:2002 Bali bombings
3422:Rizal Day bombings
3392:Insurgency in Aceh
3375:Timeline of events
3313:Khadaffy Janjalani
3029:Sub-Saharan Africa
2941:Jalaluddin Haqqani
2926:Syed Ahmad Barelvi
2645:Sub-Saharan Africa
2550:Terrorism in Egypt
2545:Algerian Civil War
2535:Iranian Revolution
2530:Lebanese Civil War
2479:Abu Khayr al-Masri
2414:Juhayman al-Otaybi
2339:Tal'at Fu'ad Qasim
2329:Mokhtar Belmokhtar
2304:Abu Ayyub al-Masri
2128:Islamic Dawa Party
1886:Hezbollah Al-Hejaz
1789:Al-Ashtar Brigades
1614:Politics of Kuwait
1364:Opposition Parties
1238:Hezbollah Al-Hejaz
1197:Umma Islamic Party
964:. UPI. 6 June 2007
411:Iranian Revolution
399:Islamic revolution
358:Hezbollah Al-Hejaz
160:Dates of operation
126:Hezbollah Al-Hejaz
4096:Khomeinist groups
4043:
4042:
4037:
4036:
3882:Abdul Qadir Mumin
3711:Islamic terrorism
3701:Islamic extremism
3658:Militant Islamism
3624:
3623:
3532:Surabaya bombings
3237:Mujahedeen KOMPAK
3131:Islamic terrorism
3121:Islamic extremism
3075:in Southeast Asia
3073:Militant Islamism
3039:
3038:
2889:Indian Mujahideen
2834:Hizbul Mujahideen
2824:Haji Namdar Group
2799:Lashkar-e-Jhangvi
2763:Islamic terrorism
2753:Islamic extremism
2708:Deobandi jihadism
2655:
2654:
2469:Ayman al-Zawahiri
2439:Nasir al-Wuhayshi
2399:Omar Abdel-Rahman
2254:Abu Ali al-Anbari
2242:
2241:
2113:Turkish Hezbollah
2093:Jaysh al-Mu'ammal
2088:Sabireen Movement
2023:Badr Organization
2018:Kata'ib Hezbollah
2008:Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq
1746:Islamic terrorism
1736:Islamic extremism
1672:Militant Islamism
1622:
1621:
1509:National Assembly
1460:
1459:
1279:
1278:
931:. Middle East Eye
567:
566:
561:15 November 2014
421:in the Kingdom's
355:
354:
351:
223:
196:Equal rights for
119:
118:
111:
93:
4168:
3651:
3644:
3637:
3628:
3627:
3497:Mamasapano clash
3283:Abu Bakar Bashir
3278:Abdullah Sungkar
3197:Jemaah Islamiyah
3066:
3059:
3052:
3043:
3042:
2956:Baitullah Mehsud
2839:Jaish-e-Mohammed
2682:
2675:
2668:
2659:
2658:
2571:Syrian civil war
2509:Wathiq al-Battat
2454:Ibrahim al-Banna
2409:Hassan Nasrallah
2379:Saleh Al-Qaraawi
2194:Takfir wal-Hijra
2083:Liwa Zainebiyoun
1943:Jundallah (Iran)
1938:Jund Ansar Allah
1851:Army of Conquest
1809:Al-Qaeda in Iraq
1759:
1758:
1665:
1658:
1651:
1642:
1641:
1626:
1625:
1542:Thawabit Al-Umma
1502:
1501:
1487:
1480:
1473:
1464:
1463:
1321:
1320:
1306:
1299:
1292:
1283:
1282:
1179:
1178:
1164:
1157:
1150:
1141:
1140:
1112:
1107:
1101:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1081:
1075:
1070:
1064:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1026:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1015:
980:
974:
973:
971:
969:
958:
952:
947:
941:
940:
938:
936:
924:
918:
917:
915:
913:
878:
872:
871:
865:
863:
828:
822:
817:
811:
810:
802:
796:
795:
793:
791:
784:Kansas City Star
774:
768:
767:
765:
763:
757:
748:
742:
741:
739:
737:
728:. Archived from
715:
709:
708:
706:
704:
669:
636:Sadrist Movement
555:
553:
552:
535:
534:
533:
515:
514:
472:In June 1996, a
444:ruling dynasty.
434:Mecca pilgrimage
423:Eastern Province
405:Early Activities
391:Eastern Province
381:, is a militant
367:
349:
343:Battles and wars
335:
333:
332:
323:
321:
320:
310:
308:
307:
292:
291:
290:
281:
279:
278:
221:
216:
214:
213:
188:Islamic Republic
182:Saudi Government
170:
161:
137:
123:
122:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
4176:
4175:
4171:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4166:
4165:
4046:
4045:
4044:
4039:
4038:
4033:
3999:
3951:
3902:Abubakar Shekau
3855:
3715:
3689:
3678:Salafi jihadism
3661:
3655:
3625:
3620:
3586:
3363:
3352:
3348:Zulkifli Abdhir
3266:
3135:
3109:
3098:Salafi jihadism
3076:
3070:
3040:
3035:
3001:
2975:
2914:
2854:Lashkar-e-Taiba
2784:Haqqani network
2767:
2741:
2725:Salafi jihadism
2720:Salafi movement
2691:
2686:
2656:
2651:
2617:
2586:
2513:
2489:Qais al-Khazali
2419:Muqtada al-Sadr
2404:Osama bin Laden
2279:Anwar al-Awlaki
2238:
2132:
2078:Liwa Fatemiyoun
2038:Saraya al-Jihad
2003:Tawhid al-Jihad
1983:Peace Companies
1750:
1724:
1696:Salafi jihadism
1679:
1669:
1634:
1623:
1618:
1604:Portal:Politics
1595:
1564:
1503:
1496:
1491:
1461:
1456:
1442:Portal:Politics
1433:
1397:
1358:
1354:Economists Bloc
1322:
1315:
1310:
1280:
1275:
1261:Politics Portal
1252:
1211:
1180:
1173:
1168:
1134:Saudi Hezbollah
1121:
1116:
1115:
1108:
1104:
1094:
1092:
1091:on 8 March 2014
1083:
1082:
1078:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1027:
1023:
1013:
1011:
1001:10.3751/64.2.11
981:
977:
967:
965:
960:
959:
955:
948:
944:
934:
932:
925:
921:
911:
909:
899:10.3751/64.2.11
879:
875:
861:
859:
849:10.3751/64.2.11
829:
825:
818:
814:
803:
799:
789:
787:
775:
771:
761:
759:
755:
749:
745:
735:
733:
725:Asharq Al-Awsat
716:
712:
702:
700:
690:10.3751/64.2.11
670:
649:
644:
572:
550:
548:
531:
529:
513:
470:
407:
366:حزب الله الحجاز
330:
328:
327:
318:
316:
315:
305:
303:
288:
286:
285:
276:
274:
245:Notable attacks
237:
224:
220:(1987–present)
211:
209:
168:
159:
151:
140:
128:حزب الله الحجاز
127:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4174:
4164:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4041:
4040:
4035:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4030:
4029:
4027:Southeast Asia
4024:
4019:
4011:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3981:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3959:
3957:
3953:
3952:
3950:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3932:Sedane Ag Hita
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3912:Mohammed Yusuf
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3863:
3861:
3857:
3856:
3854:
3853:
3848:
3847:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3800:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3782:Al-Mourabitoun
3779:
3774:
3764:
3762:Al-Mulathameen
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3723:
3721:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3697:
3695:
3691:
3690:
3688:
3687:
3682:
3681:
3680:
3669:
3667:
3663:
3662:
3654:
3653:
3646:
3639:
3631:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3618:
3617:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3598:
3591:
3588:
3587:
3585:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3378:
3377:
3366:
3364:
3362:
3361:
3357:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3274:
3272:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3143:
3141:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3107:
3102:
3101:
3100:
3090:
3084:
3082:
3078:
3077:
3069:
3068:
3061:
3054:
3046:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3033:
3032:
3031:
3026:
3024:Southeast Asia
3021:
3013:
3006:
3003:
3002:
3000:
2999:
2997:Talibanization
2994:
2989:
2983:
2981:
2977:
2976:
2974:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2922:
2920:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2809:Lashkar-e-Omar
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2775:
2773:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2749:
2747:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2728:
2727:
2717:
2712:
2711:
2710:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2692:
2685:
2684:
2677:
2670:
2662:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2648:
2647:
2642:
2640:Southeast Asia
2637:
2629:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2594:
2592:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2573:(2012–present)
2568:
2563:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2521:
2519:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2449:Khalid Batarfi
2446:
2444:Qasim al-Raymi
2441:
2436:
2431:
2429:Shukri Mustafa
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2374:Saeed al-Masri
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2344:Massoud Rajavi
2341:
2336:
2334:Tariq al-Dahab
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2274:Ahmed al-Assir
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2250:
2248:
2244:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2164:Ansar ul Islam
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2140:
2138:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1998:Tahrir al-Sham
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1948:Khorasan group
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1928:Jaysh al-Islam
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1889:
1888:
1883:
1881:Quwat al-Ridha
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1801:
1799:Al-Nusra Front
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1765:
1763:
1756:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1732:
1730:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1716:
1715:
1705:
1700:
1699:
1698:
1687:
1685:
1681:
1680:
1668:
1667:
1660:
1653:
1645:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1572:
1570:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1557:
1551:
1545:
1539:
1533:
1527:
1521:
1514:
1512:
1505:
1504:
1490:
1489:
1482:
1475:
1467:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1405:
1403:
1402:Banned Parties
1399:
1398:
1396:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1368:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1323:
1309:
1308:
1301:
1294:
1286:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1219:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1209:
1207:Hizb ut-Tahrir
1204:
1199:
1194:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1181:
1167:
1166:
1159:
1152:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1136:GlobalSecurity
1131:
1120:
1119:External links
1117:
1114:
1113:
1102:
1076:
1065:
1056:
1037:(3): 395–496.
1021:
975:
953:
942:
919:
893:(2): 179–197.
873:
843:(2): 179–197.
823:
812:
797:
769:
743:
710:
684:(2): 179–197.
646:
645:
643:
640:
639:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
583:
578:
571:
568:
565:
564:
562:
559:
545:
544:
542:
539:
526:
525:
522:
519:
512:
509:
469:
466:
406:
403:
353:
352:
344:
340:
339:
314:(1987–present)
301:
297:
296:
272:
268:
267:
264:
260:
259:
256:
252:
251:
246:
242:
241:
232:
226:
225:
207:
203:
202:
201:
200:
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184:
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3942:Djaffar Dicko
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3917:Iyad Ag Ghaly
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3819:Islamic State
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3798:
3795:
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3792:Ansarul Islam
3790:
3788:
3787:Katiba Macina
3785:
3783:
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3720:Organisations
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3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3328:Murad Ebrahim
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3303:Azahari Husin
3301:
3299:
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3140:Organisations
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2990:
2988:
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2978:
2972:
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2964:
2962:
2961:Mohammed Omar
2959:
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2830:
2829:Ahrar-ul-Hind
2827:
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2820:
2817:
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2772:Organisations
2770:
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2564:
2561:
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2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2540:Iran–Iraq War
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2516:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2494:Hadi al-Amiri
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
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2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
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2390:
2389:Hassan Hattab
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
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2349:Maryam Rajavi
2347:
2345:
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2337:
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2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2324:Mohammed Atef
2322:
2320:
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2142:
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2135:
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2119:
2118:Hamas of Iraq
2116:
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2111:
2109:
2106:
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2019:
2016:
2014:
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1908:Islamic State
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1871:Hamas of Iraq
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1861:Baqir Brigade
1859:
1857:
1856:Army of Islam
1854:
1852:
1849:
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1839:
1837:
1834:
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1831:Ansar al-Sham
1829:
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1784:Ajnad al-Sham
1782:
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1779:Ahrar al-Sham
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
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1755:Organisations
1753:
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1571:
1569:Other parties
1567:
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541:7 March 2014
540:
538:
528:
527:
523:
520:
517:
516:
508:
506:
501:
498:
494:
491:
490:William Perry
487:
483:
478:
475:
465:
461:
459:
454:
451:
445:
443:
437:
435:
430:
428:
427:Iran–Iraq War
424:
420:
419:Shia minority
416:
412:
402:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
375:
374:
363:
359:
348:
345:
341:
338:
326:
325:United States
313:
302:
298:
295:
284:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
250:
247:
243:
240:
236:
235:Shia jihadism
233:
231:
227:
219:
208:
204:
199:
195:
193:
192:Iranian model
189:
185:
183:
179:
178:
177:
173:
167:
163:
157:
154:
150:
147:
143:
136:
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113:
110:
102:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
3922:Amadou Koufa
3742:Hizbul Islam
3685:Pan-Islamism
3323:Mahmud Ahmad
3222:Laskar Jihad
3105:Pan-Islamism
2946:Qari Hussain
2732:Pan-Islamism
2459:Ahmed Yassin
2424:Saif al-Adel
2137:North Africa
2028:Mukhtar Army
1963:Levant Front
1885:
1703:Pan-Islamism
1518:Independents
1424:Haq Movement
1237:
1105:
1093:. Retrieved
1089:the original
1079:
1068:
1059:
1034:
1030:
1024:
1012:. Retrieved
992:
988:
978:
966:. Retrieved
956:
945:
933:. Retrieved
922:
910:. Retrieved
890:
886:
876:
867:
860:. Retrieved
840:
836:
826:
815:
806:
800:
788:. Retrieved
782:
772:
760:. Retrieved
746:
734:. Retrieved
730:the original
723:
713:
701:. Retrieved
681:
677:
537:Saudi Arabia
502:
499:
495:
479:
471:
462:
455:
446:
438:
431:
408:
387:Saudi Arabia
378:
371:
369:
368:; literally
357:
356:
350:(suspected)
312:Saudi Arabia
218:Saudi Arabia
165:
120:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
4017:MENA region
3947:Musa Baluku
3604:MENA region
3338:Nur Misuari
3227:Maute group
3172:Darul Islam
3019:MENA region
2737:Pashtunwali
2562:(2003–2011)
1762:Middle East
524:References
198:Saudi Shias
4050:Categories
4022:South Asia
3907:Ahmad Umar
3877:Fuad Qalaf
3777:Ansar Dine
3747:Boko Haram
3727:Al-Shabaab
3609:South Asia
3402:Sauk Siege
3288:Abu Sabaya
3152:Al-Ma'unah
3147:Abu Sayyaf
2936:Riaz Basra
2635:South Asia
1713:Khomeinism
1391:Al Wahdawi
1349:Al Meethaq
1216:Historical
642:References
480:After the
239:Khomeinism
69:newspapers
3892:Abou Zeid
3694:Phenomena
3318:Les Kosem
3114:Phenomena
2814:Jundallah
2746:Phenomena
2715:Wahhabism
2384:Haji Bakr
1876:Hezbollah
1729:Phenomena
1720:Wahhabism
1630:Militant
1334:Al Asalah
1051:144377193
1014:19 August
1009:143684557
912:19 August
907:143684557
862:19 August
857:143684557
703:19 August
698:143684557
458:King Fahd
300:Opponents
294:Hezbollah
4009:Islamism
4007:Part of
3968:Mali War
3673:Jihadism
3666:Ideology
3596:Islamism
3594:Part of
3308:Dulmatin
3093:Jihadism
3088:Islamism
3081:Ideology
3011:Islamism
3009:Part of
2703:Deobandi
2696:Ideology
2627:Islamism
2625:Part of
2560:Iraq War
1804:Al-Qaeda
1691:Jihadism
1684:Ideology
1632:Islamism
1409:Al Wefaq
1372:Al Wefaq
762:16 April
736:9 August
570:See also
518:Country
230:Ideology
99:May 2018
3860:Leaders
3271:Leaders
2992:Shabana
2980:Related
2919:Leaders
2779:Taliban
2591:Related
2247:Leaders
1893:Houthis
1708:Qutbism
1674:in the
1394:Al Ekha
1185:Current
790:8 March
442:Al Saud
175:Motives
166:present
83:scholar
3956:Events
3752:Ansaru
3360:Events
2901:(SIMI)
2518:Events
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