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throughout life it decreases in frequency with age. The location of the sensory nerves that trigger the reflex suggests it is a response to a condition in the stomach. The component of the reflex that suppresses peristalsis in the esophagus while the airway is being actively blocked suggests the esophagus is involved. Additionally, hiccups are only described in mammals, the group of animals that share the trait of suckling their young.
43:
759:. First, the subject must exhale completely, then take a deep breath. Then, they must hold their breath for ten seconds. After ten seconds, they must take another small breath without exhaling, then hold their breath for five seconds. Again, without exhaling, they must take another small breath and hold their breath for five seconds. Upon exhaling, the hiccups should be gone.
771:". This study supports the use of FISST as an option to stop transient hiccups, with more than 90% of participants reporting better results than home remedies. HiccAway stops hiccups by forceful suction that is being generated by diaphragm contraction (phrenic nerve activity), followed by swallowing the water, which requires epiglottis closure.
560:
muscles of breathing and relaxing the muscles of the esophagus, then closing the vocal cords to prevent air from entering the lungs. This creates suction in the chest, pulling air from the stomach up into the esophagus. As the respiratory muscles relax the air is expelled through the mouth, effectively "burping" the animal.
729:, may cure hiccups in some people. For example, one technique is to relax the chest and shoulders and find the deepest points of the indentations directly below the protrusions of the collarbones. The index or middle fingers are inserted into the indents and pressed firmly for sixty seconds as long, deep breaths are taken.
819:
British singer
Christopher Sands hiccupped an estimated 10 million times in a 27-month period from February 2007 to May 2009. His condition, which meant that he could hardly eat or sleep, was eventually discovered to be caused by a tumor on his brain stem pushing on nerves causing him to hiccup every
555:
A leading hypothesis is that hiccups evolved to facilitate greater milk consumption in young mammals. The coordination of breathing and swallowing during suckling is a complicated process. Some air inevitably enters the stomach, occupying space that could otherwise be optimally used for calorie-rich
660:
Episodes of hiccups usually last under 30 minutes. Prolonged attacks, while rare, can be serious. Root causes of prolonged hiccups episodes are difficult to diagnose. Such attacks can cause significant morbidity and even death. An episode lasting more than a few minutes is termed a bout; a bout of
559:
The hypothesis suggests that the presence of an air bubble in the stomach stimulates the sensory (afferent) limb of the reflex through receptors in the stomach, esophagus and along the underside of the diaphragm. This triggers the active part of the hiccup (efferent limb), sharply contracting the
563:
There are a number of characteristics of hiccups that support this theory. The burping of a suckling infant may increase its capacity for milk by more than 15-25%, bringing a significant survival advantage. There is a strong tendency for infants to get hiccups, and although the reflex persists
762:
Drinking through a straw with the ears plugged is a folk remedy that can be successful. In 2021 a scientific tool with a similar basis was tested on 249 hiccups subjects; the results were published in the
Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). This device is named
354:
355:
300:. They become less frequent with advancing age. Intractable hiccups, lasting more than a month, are more common in adults. While males and females are affected equally often, men are more likely to develop protracted and intractable hiccups.
279:
Hiccups may occur individually, or they may occur in bouts. The rhythm of the hiccup, or the time between hiccups, tends to be relatively constant. A bout of hiccups generally resolves itself without intervention, although many
2266:
661:
over 48 hours is termed persistent or protracted. Hiccups lasting longer than a month are termed intractable. In many cases, only a single hemidiaphragm, usually the left one, is affected, although both may be involved.
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Hiccups are normally waited out, as any fit of them will usually pass quickly. Folk 'cures' for hiccups are common and varied. Hiccups are treated medically only in severe and persistent (termed "intractable") cases.
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Histogram of period (in seconds) between each hiccup in a sequence of 50 samples in about 10 minutes. Mean: 11.40 s. Median: 10.715 s. Standard deviation: 2.88 s. Data set ranges from 6.28 s to 21.36 s.
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276:. Once triggered, the reflex causes a strong contraction of the diaphragm followed about a quarter of a second later by closure of the vocal cords, which results in the "hic" sound.
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719:, drinking a glass of water upside-down, being frightened by someone, breathing into a bag, eating a large spoonful of peanut butter and placing sugar on or under the tongue.
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1607:
Straus C, Vasilakos K, Wilson RJ, Oshima T, Zelter M, Derenne JP, Similowski T, Whitelaw WA (February 2003). "A phylogenetic hypothesis for the origin of hiccough".
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An international respiratory research group composed of members from Canada, France, and Japan proposed that the hiccup is an evolutionary remnant of earlier
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Numerous medical remedies exist but no particular treatment is known to be especially effective, generally because of a lack of high-quality evidence.
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A breathing exercise called Supra-supramaximal inspiration (SSMI) has been shown to stop persistent hiccups. It combines the three principles of
2593:
1900:
2072:
Alvarez, James; Anderson, Jane
Margaret; Snyder, Patrick Larry; Mirahmadizadeh, Alireza; Godoy, Daniel Agustin; Fox, Mark; Seifi, Ali (2021).
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Lauterbach, E. C. (1999). "Hiccup and apparent myoclonus after hydrocodone: review of the opiate-related hiccup and myoclonus literature".
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Hiccups may be triggered by a number of common human conditions. In rare cases, they can be a sign of serious medical problems such as
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Seifi A, inventor. Hiccup relieving apparatus. US patent application publ. US 2020/0188619 A1. 18 June 2020. US20200188619A1.
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include pulling the knees up to the chest and leaning forward, sipping ice-cold water and swallowing some granulated sugar.
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996:
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Engleman EG, Lankton J, Lankton B (December 1971). "Granulated sugar as treatment for hiccups in conscious patients".
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The phylogenetic hypothesis may explain hiccups as an evolutionary remnant, held over from our amphibious ancestors.
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876:, it is said that hiccups occur when the person experiencing them is being talked about by someone not present.
1937:
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Odeh M, Bassan H, Oliven A (February 1990). "Termination of intractable hiccups with digital rectal massage".
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Although no clear pathophysiological mechanism has been described, hiccups is known to have been the initial
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are often used to attempt to shorten the duration. Medical treatment is occasionally necessary in cases of
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American
Charles Osborne (1894–1991) had hiccups for 68 years, from 1922 to 1990, and was entered in the
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approved the vagus nerve stimulator in 1997 as a way to control seizures in some patients with
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2349:(Harvard University Press; 2012). 246 pages; examines the evolutionary context for humans.
8:
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Witoonpanich R, Pirommai B, Tunlayadechanont S (2004). "Hiccups and multiple sclerosis".
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393:, of variable spacing and duration, and a brief (less than one half second), unexpected,
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2258:"Singer who hiccupped 20 million times in three years cured after brain tumour surgery"
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https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/c1/fa/54/c983a34c045f36/US20200188619A1.pdf
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2530:"Retrospective analysis of hiccups in patients at a community hospital from 1995–2000"
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Moretto, Emilia N; Wee, Bee; Wiffen, Philip J; Murchison, Andrew G (31 January 2013).
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gained media fame for hiccuping around 50 times per minute for more than five weeks.
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as the man with the longest attack of hiccups, an estimated 430 million hiccups.
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and inhibiting diaphragm activity by holding one's breath or rebreathing into a
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has been used with an intractable case of hiccups. "It sends rhythmic bursts of
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2074:"Evaluation of the Forced Inspiratory Suction and Swallow Tool to Stop Hiccups"
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gulp air and water across their gills via a rather simple motor reflex akin to
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437:
2168:"In pictures | Guinness medical record breakers | Longest attack of hiccups"
1562:"Systemic review: the pathogenesis and pharmacological treatment of hiccups"
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two seconds, 12 hours a day. His hiccups stopped in 2009 following surgery.
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1746:"Interventions for treating persistent and intractable hiccups in adults"
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Additionally, this group (C. Straus et al.) points out that hiccups and
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2513:"Wired: The Best Cure for Hiccups: Remind Your Brain You're Not a Fish"
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Journal of the
Medical Association of Thailand (Chotmaihet Thangphaet)
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There are many superstitious and folk remedies for hiccups, including
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hiccuping. The motor pathways that enable hiccuping form early during
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2017:
Morris, Luc G.; Marti, Jennifer L.; Ziff, David J. (1 January 2005).
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Acupressure's Potent Points: A Guide to Self-Care for Common
Ailments
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2234:"'Hiccup Girl' Jennifer Mee May Use Tourette's Defense, Says Lawyer"
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1382:"Case Report: From Irregular Hiccups to Acute Myocardial Infarction"
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Guadarrama-Conzuelo, F; Saad
Manzanera, A D (1 September 2019).
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1288:. University of Maryland Hospital for Children. Archived from
767:(Forced Inspiratory Suction and Swallow Tool) and branded as "
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Along with humans, hiccups have been studied and observed in
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Singultus, hiccough, synchronous diaphragmatic flutter (SDF)
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Curious
Behavior: Yawning, Laughing, Hiccupping, and Beyond
1606:
1511:"Singultus as an Unusual Debut of Plasmodium vivax Malaria"
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that may repeat several times per minute. The hiccup is an
183:
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spend 2.5% of their time hiccuping, possibly gulping like
591:
development, before the motor pathways that enable normal
296:
Hiccups affect people of all ages, even being observed in
1963:"The Two Mechanisms That Make Hiccup Cures Actually Work"
1743:
614:
192:
177:
2212:"Florida girl hiccuping again after returning to school"
1087:"Hiccups: An Occasional Sign of Esophageal Obstruction"
386:
A hiccup consists of a single or a series of breathing
1863:
1213:"Hiccups: A new explanation for the mysterious reflex"
1038:"Hiccups: A new explanation for the mysterious reflex"
1003:. WebMD. Archived from the original on 29 October 2008
1932:(1st ed.). New York: Bantam Books. p. 272.
1560:
Steger, M.; Schneemann, M.; Fox, M. (November 2015).
204:
180:
2382:
1903:. The People's Pharmacy (Lifehacker). Archived from
195:
186:
2353:Shubin, Neil (February 2008). "Fish Out of Water".
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174:
171:
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2256:
913:, a more serious form of hiccups found in equines
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2373:Hiccup related to reflex in fish and amphibians.
1820:
1021:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
707:coincided with terminating intractable hiccups.
633:, illustrating a possible shared physiology and
550:
2055:"Inventor Says His New Straw Will Cure Hiccups"
2016:
1795:"A Horrific Case of Hiccups, a Novel Treatment"
2573:"Skeptoid #914: Stopping Hiccups with Science"
30:"Hiccups" redirects here. For other uses, see
2601:
1172:
1170:
2200:(Sunrise ed.). 5 May 1991. p. 2.B.
417:
1649:
1206:
1204:
791:results from the association with the word
732:A simple treatment involves increasing the
522:
2608:
2594:
1566:Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
1389:The Permanente Journal – Kaiser Permanente
1313:
1167:
637:heritage. These proposals may explain why
567:
229:
2545:
2291:(in Hungarian). ujszo.com. Archived from
2194:"Survivor of 68-Year Hiccup Spell Dies".
2105:
2034:
1960:
1769:
1721:. Merck Sharp & Dohme. Archived from
1675:
1536:
1526:
1408:
1380:Rueckert, Kamiar Kersten (January 2020).
1236:
1061:
475:Pre-phrenic nucleus irritation of medulla
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
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744:. Other potential remedies suggested by
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27:Involuntary contraction of the diaphragm
2567:
2254:
1901:"MacGyver Tip: Cure hiccups with sugar"
1898:
1750:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
14:
3089:Symptoms and signs: Respiratory system
3081:
2352:
1712:
1600:
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774:
595:ventilation form. Thus, the hiccup is
2589:
2314:Schersch, Ursula (17 November 2010).
2289:"A régi babonák napjainkban is élnek"
2144:. Oxford Dictionaries. Archived from
2052:
2043:
1961:Klosowski, Thorin (30 January 2014).
1455:
1453:
1451:
1210:
1035:
981:
692:, which passes through the neck. The
326:
2269:from the original on 12 January 2022
2244:from the original on 1 January 2011.
1925:
1793:Schaffer, Amanda (10 January 2006).
725:, either through actual function or
65:adding citations to reliable sources
36:
1866:The New England Journal of Medicine
896:Getting the wind knocked out of you
24:
2519:. 25 February 2008. Archived from
2338:
2090:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.13933
1835:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1990.tb00134.x
1475:
1448:
1348:
1103:from the original on 8 August 2024
994:
613:gulping are inhibited by elevated
333:
25:
3105:
2378:
2255:Britten, Nick (11 January 2010).
2142:"Definition of hiccup in English"
1145:"Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease"
860:tradition, as well as among some
2316:"Schluckauf: Wer denkt an mich?"
2039:– via www.jem-journal.com.
1899:Boswell, Wendy (25 March 2007).
1328:10.1097/00002826-199903000-00004
755:, diaphragm immobilization, and
710:
541:in at least one documented case.
486:
369:Problems playing this file? See
349:
252:for "sob, hiccup"; also spelled
167:
41:
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2226:
2218:. 16 March 2007. Archived from
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2160:
2134:
2122:
2065:
2010:
1982:
1954:
1919:
1892:
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1814:
1786:
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1713:Porter, Robert S., ed. (2011).
1706:
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1643:
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1502:
1373:
1342:
1307:
1275:
1253:
1151:. PubMed Health. Archived from
1085:Hoffmann, Herbert (June 1982).
964:"Hiccups – Symptoms and causes"
508:
52:needs additional citations for
2036:10.1016/j.jemermed.2004.11.013
1762:10.1002/14651858.cd008768.pub2
1137:
1115:
1078:
1029:
956:
934:
787:. The alternative spelling of
13:
1:
2053:Ellis, Ralph (22 June 2021).
2023:Journal of Emergency Medicine
1650:Kahrilas, P; Shi, G. (1997).
1463:. MayoClinic.com. 3 June 2011
927:
551:The burping reflex hypothesis
463:vigorously or for a long time
1823:Journal of Internal Medicine
1702:. BBC News. 6 February 2003.
1149:A.D.A.M Medical Encyclopedia
694:Food and Drug Administration
664:
291:
7:
1926:Gach, Michael Reed (1990).
1878:10.1056/nejm197112232852622
1261:"When are hiccups serious?"
879:
783:itself was created through
655:
423:Food stuck in the esophagus
361:The sound of a human hiccup
10:
3110:
1316:Clinical Neuropharmacology
703:In one person, persistent
649:are not yet fully formed.
29:
2912:Precordial catch syndrome
2894:
2830:
2812:Cheyne–Stokes respiration
2794:
2736:
2727:
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418:Pathophysiological causes
412:
218:
159:
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757:positive airway pressure
523:Other known associations
448:or carbonated beverages
2995:Charcot–Leyden crystals
2507:BBC News: Why we hiccup
1719:The Merck Manual Online
1263:. Ohio State University
568:Phylogenetic hypothesis
433:Gastroesophageal reflux
258:involuntary contraction
32:Hiccup (disambiguation)
2712:Whispered pectoriloquy
2528:Cymet TC (June 2002).
1229:10.1002/bies.201100194
1183:Modern Drugs Discovery
1054:10.1002/bies.201100194
1036:Howes, Daniel (2012).
802:Guinness World Records
705:digital rectal massage
678:vagus nerve stimulator
620:and may be stopped by
383:
338:
868:, for example in the
599:antecedent to modern
579:. Amphibians such as
546:Evolutionary theories
469:myocardial infarction
381:
337:
2990:Curschmann's spirals
2838:Respiratory distress
2677:Pleural friction rub
2571:(12 December 2023).
2148:on 25 September 2016
1968:Lifehacker Australia
1668:10.1136/gut.41.5.712
61:improve this article
2345:Provine, Robert R.
2295:on 20 December 2016
2263:The Daily Telegraph
2240:. 27 October 2010.
1652:"Why do we hiccup?"
1528:10.7759/cureus.5548
1361:on 25 November 2010
1351:"Causes of Hiccups"
1177:Willis, FM (2003).
775:Society and culture
225:Otorhinolaryngology
3031:pulmonary embolism
3003:chronic bronchitis
2843:Respiratory arrest
2822:Ataxic respiration
2817:Kussmaul breathing
2807:Biot's respiration
2802:Agonal respiration
2698:Elicited findings
2642:Respiratory sounds
2621:respiratory system
2617:Signs and symptoms
2457:External resources
2197:Omaha World-Herald
1907:on 2 December 2009
1800:The New York Times
1725:on 14 October 2013
1621:10.1002/bies.10224
1401:10.7812/TPP/20.180
1295:on 10 January 2012
1211:Howes, D. (2012).
498:Multiple sclerosis
384:
339:
327:Signs and symptoms
270:involuntary action
3076:
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2890:
2889:
2502:
2501:
2222:on 18 March 2007.
2078:JAMA Network Open
1578:10.1111/apt.13374
1461:"Hiccups: Causes"
1283:"Hiccups Happen!"
1179:"Chronic hiccups"
1155:on 4 January 2014
639:premature infants
356:
244:(scientific name
238:
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141:Medical condition
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16:(Redirected from
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2761:Hyperventilation
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2619:relating to the
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2534:J Natl Med Assoc
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2523:on 22 July 2014.
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1457:
1446:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1435:
1429:. Archived from
1412:
1386:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1357:. Archived from
1349:Milano, Meadow.
1346:
1340:
1339:
1311:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1294:
1287:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1257:
1251:
1250:
1240:
1208:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1174:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1102:
1094:Gastroenterology
1091:
1082:
1076:
1075:
1065:
1033:
1027:
1026:
1020:
1012:
1010:
1008:
992:
979:
978:
976:
974:
960:
954:
953:
951:
949:
938:
734:partial pressure
535:Plasmodium vivax
358:
357:
336:
234:
233:
207:
202:
201:
198:
197:
194:
189:
188:
185:
182:
179:
176:
173:
144:
143:
132:
125:
121:
118:
112:
110:
69:
45:
37:
21:
3109:
3108:
3104:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3099:
3098:
3079:
3078:
3077:
3072:
3050:pulmonary edema
3042:Westermark sign
2959:Post-nasal drip
2954:Silhouette sign
2886:
2877:Mouth breathing
2826:
2790:
2766:Hypoventilation
2723:
2623:
2614:
2511:
2503:
2498:
2497:
2452:
2451:
2395:
2381:
2376:
2365:
2355:Natural History
2341:
2339:Further reading
2336:
2335:
2325:
2323:
2312:
2308:
2298:
2296:
2287:
2286:
2282:
2272:
2270:
2253:
2249:
2232:
2231:
2227:
2210:
2209:
2205:
2193:
2192:
2188:
2178:
2176:
2166:
2165:
2161:
2151:
2149:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2127:
2123:
2084:(6): e2113933.
2070:
2066:
2051:
2044:
2015:
2011:
2001:
1999:
1988:
1987:
1983:
1973:
1971:
1959:
1955:
1940:
1924:
1920:
1910:
1908:
1897:
1893:
1862:
1858:
1819:
1815:
1805:
1803:
1791:
1787:
1756:(1): CD008768.
1742:
1738:
1728:
1726:
1711:
1707:
1700:"Why we hiccup"
1698:
1697:
1693:
1648:
1644:
1605:
1601:
1558:
1554:
1507:
1503:
1490:(10): 1168–71.
1480:
1476:
1466:
1464:
1459:
1458:
1449:
1439:
1437:
1436:on 14 July 2021
1433:
1384:
1378:
1374:
1364:
1362:
1347:
1343:
1312:
1308:
1298:
1296:
1292:
1285:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1266:
1264:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1209:
1202:
1192:
1190:
1175:
1168:
1158:
1156:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1128:
1126:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1089:
1083:
1079:
1034:
1030:
1014:
1013:
1006:
1004:
995:Wilkes, Garry.
993:
982:
972:
970:
962:
961:
957:
947:
945:
944:. Home Remedies
940:
939:
935:
930:
882:
777:
739:
713:
667:
658:
625:
618:
570:
553:
548:
525:
511:
489:
477:
420:
415:
405:, or full body
376:
375:
367:
365:
364:
363:
362:
359:
350:
347:
340:
334:
329:
294:
228:
214:
208:-əp, -up
205:
191:
170:
166:
142:
133:
122:
116:
113:
70:
68:
58:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3107:
3097:
3096:
3091:
3074:
3073:
3071:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3059:
3058:
3046:
3045:
3044:
3039:
3027:
3026:
3025:
3013:
3012:
3011:
2999:
2998:
2997:
2992:
2980:
2979:
2978:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2920:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2898:
2896:
2892:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2872:Breath holding
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2845:
2840:
2834:
2832:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2798:
2796:
2792:
2791:
2789:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2752:
2751:
2740:
2738:
2731:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2696:
2695:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2639:
2633:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2613:
2612:
2605:
2598:
2590:
2584:
2583:
2569:Dunning, Brian
2565:
2563:WebMD: Hiccups
2560:
2525:
2509:
2500:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2484:
2473:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2454:
2453:
2450:
2449:
2438:
2427:
2412:
2396:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2387:Classification
2380:
2379:External links
2377:
2375:
2374:
2350:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2306:
2280:
2247:
2225:
2203:
2186:
2159:
2133:
2121:
2064:
2042:
2029:(1): 117–118.
2009:
1998:. 15 July 2017
1981:
1953:
1938:
1918:
1891:
1856:
1813:
1785:
1736:
1705:
1691:
1662:(5): 712–713.
1642:
1615:(2): 182–188.
1599:
1552:
1501:
1474:
1447:
1372:
1341:
1306:
1274:
1252:
1223:(6): 451–453.
1200:
1166:
1136:
1114:
1077:
1048:(6): 451–453.
1028:
980:
955:
932:
931:
929:
926:
925:
924:
919:
914:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
881:
878:
822:
821:
817:
806:
776:
773:
737:
727:placebo effect
712:
709:
688:by way of the
666:
663:
657:
654:
623:
616:
597:evolutionarily
569:
566:
552:
549:
547:
544:
543:
542:
524:
521:
520:
519:
514:Damage to the
510:
507:
506:
505:
500:
495:
488:
485:
484:
483:
481:Kidney failure
476:
473:
465:
464:
458:
452:
449:
443:
440:
435:
430:
427:Swallowing air
424:
419:
416:
414:
411:
366:
360:
348:
343:
342:
341:
332:
331:
330:
328:
325:
293:
290:
236:
235:
222:
216:
215:
213:
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163:
161:
157:
156:
153:
149:
148:
140:
135:
134:
117:September 2022
49:
47:
40:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3106:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3084:
3069:
3068:Golden S sign
3066:
3064:
3063:Hamman's sign
3061:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3052:
3051:
3047:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3034:
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3024:
3021:
3020:
3019:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3007:
3006:
3005:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2987:
2986:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2976:Hoover's sign
2974:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2924:Nail clubbing
2922:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2893:
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2823:
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2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2797:
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2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2750:
2747:
2746:
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2741:
2739:
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2732:
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2726:
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2708:
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2688:
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2683:
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2644:
2643:
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2634:
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2630:
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2618:
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2321:
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2243:
2239:
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2229:
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2217:
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2207:
2199:
2198:
2190:
2175:
2174:
2169:
2163:
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2143:
2137:
2131:
2125:
2117:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2068:
2060:
2056:
2049:
2047:
2037:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2013:
1997:
1996:
1991:
1985:
1970:
1969:
1964:
1957:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1935:
1931:
1930:
1922:
1906:
1902:
1895:
1887:
1883:
1879:
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1836:
1832:
1828:
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1801:
1796:
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1777:
1772:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
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1740:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1709:
1701:
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1687:
1683:
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1646:
1638:
1634:
1630:
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1614:
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1603:
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1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
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1534:
1529:
1524:
1520:
1516:
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1493:
1489:
1485:
1478:
1462:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
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1398:
1394:
1390:
1383:
1376:
1360:
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1345:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
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1291:
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1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
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1173:
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1140:
1124:
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1088:
1081:
1073:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1055:
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1047:
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1039:
1032:
1024:
1018:
1002:
998:
991:
989:
987:
985:
969:
965:
959:
943:
937:
933:
923:
920:
918:
915:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
883:
877:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
818:
815:
811:
807:
804:
803:
798:
797:
796:
794:
790:
786:
782:
772:
770:
766:
760:
758:
754:
749:
747:
743:
735:
730:
728:
724:
720:
718:
711:Folk remedies
708:
706:
701:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
674:
671:
662:
653:
650:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
629:
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619:
612:
607:
605:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
575:
565:
561:
557:
540:
537:
536:
531:
527:
526:
518:after surgery
517:
513:
512:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
490:
487:CNS disorders
482:
479:
478:
472:
470:
462:
459:
456:
453:
450:
447:
444:
441:
439:
438:Hiatal hernia
436:
434:
431:
428:
425:
422:
421:
410:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
389:
380:
374:
372:
346:
324:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
301:
299:
289:
287:
283:
282:home remedies
277:
275:
271:
267:
264:jerk) of the
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
232:
226:
223:
221:
217:
210:
209:
200:
165:
164:
162:
160:Pronunciation
158:
154:
150:
145:
139:
131:
128:
120:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78: –
77:
73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
3056:Kerley lines
3048:
3037:Hampton hump
3029:
3015:
3001:
2982:
2968:
2963:
2707:Pectoriloquy
2692:Death rattle
2687:Bronchophony
2629:Auscultation
2576:
2540:(6): 480–3.
2537:
2533:
2521:the original
2516:
2486:
2475:
2464:
2440:
2429:
2414:
2399:
2361:(1): 26–31.
2358:
2354:
2346:
2324:. Retrieved
2320:Der Standard
2319:
2309:
2297:. Retrieved
2293:the original
2283:
2271:. Retrieved
2262:
2250:
2228:
2220:the original
2206:
2195:
2189:
2177:. Retrieved
2171:
2162:
2150:. Retrieved
2146:the original
2136:
2124:
2081:
2077:
2067:
2058:
2026:
2022:
2012:
2000:. Retrieved
1993:
1984:
1974:16 September
1972:. Retrieved
1966:
1956:
1928:
1921:
1909:. Retrieved
1905:the original
1894:
1872:(26): 1489.
1869:
1865:
1859:
1829:(2): 145–6.
1826:
1822:
1816:
1804:. Retrieved
1798:
1788:
1753:
1749:
1739:
1727:. Retrieved
1723:the original
1718:
1708:
1694:
1659:
1655:
1645:
1612:
1608:
1602:
1569:
1565:
1555:
1521:(9): e5548.
1518:
1514:
1504:
1487:
1483:
1477:
1465:. Retrieved
1438:. Retrieved
1431:the original
1392:
1388:
1375:
1363:. Retrieved
1359:the original
1354:
1344:
1322:(2): 87–92.
1319:
1315:
1309:
1297:. Retrieved
1290:the original
1277:
1265:. Retrieved
1255:
1220:
1216:
1191:. Retrieved
1186:
1182:
1157:. Retrieved
1153:the original
1148:
1139:
1127:. Retrieved
1117:
1105:. Retrieved
1093:
1080:
1045:
1041:
1031:
1005:. Retrieved
1000:
971:. Retrieved
967:
958:
946:. Retrieved
936:
917:Vocal hiccup
823:
814:Jennifer Mee
800:
788:
780:
778:
768:
764:
761:
750:
731:
721:
717:headstanding
714:
702:
675:
672:
668:
659:
651:
635:evolutionary
608:
571:
562:
558:
554:
533:
509:Nerve damage
466:
442:Rapid eating
385:
368:
345:Hiccup sound
302:
295:
278:
272:involving a
253:
245:
241:
239:
138:
123:
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
3017:sarcoidosis
2907:In children
2749:Prematurity
2637:Stethoscope
2466:MedlinePlus
2322:(in German)
2002:25 December
1995:NHS Choices
1911:30 November
1440:31 December
973:20 November
968:Mayo Clinic
753:hypercapnia
746:NHS Choices
723:Acupressure
690:vagus nerve
682:electricity
645:, as their
604:respiration
577:respiration
516:vagus nerve
455:Opiate drug
451:Spicy foods
429:excessively
152:Other names
3083:Categories
3023:Kveim test
3009:Reid index
2944:Hemoptysis
2902:Chest pain
2862:Aerophagia
2702:Percussion
2488:Patient UK
2442:DiseasesDB
2299:3 December
2273:13 January
2265:. London.
2152:8 February
1948:1035683945
1939:0553349708
1355:Livestrong
1193:12 October
1129:6 February
948:5 November
928:References
901:Mr. Hiccup
874:Luo people
643:amphibians
503:Meningitis
371:media help
274:reflex arc
87:newspapers
2949:Epistaxis
2857:Trepopnea
2852:Platypnea
2848:Orthopnea
2786:Bradypnea
2776:Tachypnea
2771:Hyperpnea
2729:Breathing
2482:emerg/252
2477:eMedicine
2098:2574-3805
1990:"Hiccups"
1729:7 October
1715:"Hiccups"
1609:BioEssays
1586:1365-2036
1427:232066350
1267:18 August
1217:BioEssays
1123:"Hiccups"
1042:BioEssays
1001:eMedicine
997:"Hiccups"
942:"Hiccups"
834:Hungarian
812:teenager
808:In 2007,
785:imitation
779:The word
742:paper bag
665:Treatment
611:amphibian
585:mammalian
574:amphibian
388:diaphragm
292:Incidence
288:hiccups.
266:diaphragm
262:myoclonic
246:singultus
220:Specialty
3094:Reflexes
2929:Cyanosis
2917:Pleurisy
2867:Asphyxia
2781:Hypopnea
2717:Egophony
2682:Fremitus
2657:Crackles
2578:Skeptoid
2556:12078929
2369:19986878
2267:Archived
2242:Archived
2238:CBS News
2173:BBC News
2116:34143196
2059:Medscape
2019:"Errata"
1851:20742803
1806:24 April
1780:23440833
1637:14200209
1629:12539245
1594:26307025
1547:31695971
1496:15560692
1419:33635776
1395:(5): 1.
1336:10202603
1247:22377831
1107:8 August
1098:Archived
1072:22377831
1017:cite web
880:See also
870:folklore
858:Albanian
842:Romanian
789:hiccough
769:HiccAway
698:epilepsy
656:Duration
631:agonists
628:receptor
581:tadpoles
461:Laughing
395:shoulder
256:) is an
254:hiccough
76:"Hiccup"
2882:Snoring
2795:Pattern
2756:Dyspnea
2667:Stertor
2662:Rhonchi
2647:Stridor
2547:2594386
2436:D006606
2326:3 April
2107:8214157
1886:5122907
1843:2299306
1771:6452787
1686:9414986
1677:1891574
1538:6820320
1467:10 July
1410:8817908
1365:2 April
1299:2 April
1238:3504071
1159:18 July
1125:. WebMD
1063:3504071
1007:29 June
886:Choking
872:of the
850:Turkish
810:Florida
684:to the
539:malaria
530:symptom
446:Alcohol
399:abdomen
313:rabbits
286:chronic
248:, from
101:scholar
18:Hiccups
2984:asthma
2964:Hiccup
2939:Sputum
2672:Squawk
2652:Wheeze
2554:
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2493:Hiccup
2471:003068
2366:
2179:2 June
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911:Thumps
906:Sneeze
862:tribes
846:Slavic
838:Indian
830:German
826:Baltic
781:hiccup
556:milk.
493:Stroke
413:Causes
407:tremor
403:throat
391:spasms
321:horses
319:, and
242:hiccup
227:
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147:Hiccup
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2895:Other
2831:Other
2744:Apnea
2517:Wired
2425:786.8
2410:R06.6
2363:INIST
2216:MSNBC
1847:S2CID
1633:S2CID
1434:(PDF)
1423:S2CID
1385:(PDF)
1293:(PDF)
1286:(PDF)
1101:(PDF)
1090:(PDF)
891:Cough
866:Kenya
854:Greek
793:cough
765:FISST
736:of CO
686:brain
647:lungs
589:fetal
298:utero
250:Latin
108:JSTOR
94:books
2970:COPD
2737:Rate
2552:PMID
2447:5887
2431:MeSH
2420:9-CM
2328:2018
2301:2016
2275:2020
2181:2013
2154:2018
2112:PMID
2094:ISSN
2004:2017
1976:2016
1944:OCLC
1934:ISBN
1913:2009
1882:PMID
1839:PMID
1808:2008
1776:PMID
1754:2019
1731:2011
1682:PMID
1625:PMID
1590:PMID
1582:ISSN
1543:PMID
1492:PMID
1469:2013
1442:2020
1415:PMID
1367:2012
1332:PMID
1301:2012
1269:2024
1243:PMID
1195:2016
1161:2016
1131:2014
1109:2024
1068:PMID
1023:link
1009:2023
975:2023
950:2011
922:Yawn
856:and
622:GABA
601:lung
593:lung
317:dogs
309:rats
305:cats
80:news
2542:PMC
2416:ICD
2401:ICD
2359:117
2102:PMC
2086:doi
2031:doi
1874:doi
1870:285
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1664:doi
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