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38:
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1403:
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faster operation between downtown and
Riverside (35 minutes versus 40 minutes) than the conventional trains they replaced. While other government entities were subsidizing passenger operations around the United States, it was the only example at that time of a government entity taking on the entire cost of what had been a private operation, and the only case of a commuter rail line converted to light rail. By 1960, the line was estimated to reduce rush hour congestion in downtown Boston by seven percent.
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1034:
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as part of systemwide rebranding. Ridership on the surface section of the D branch has remained relatively constant since 1959 - a 2010-2011 count found 24,632 weekday boardings. Short sections of the
Highland branch remained connected at both ends for freight service until the 1970s. The Lower Falls
1292:
The conversion of the
Highland branch into a light rail line was pioneering in several ways. Amid a backdrop of failing private passenger service in the United States, it was the first time a government entity in that country had assumed full responsibility for losses on a route. It was also the only
1470:
had bought the B&A in 1900 primarily for long-distance service. After the New York
Central electrified several suburban lines around New York City, the public asked for similar improvements around Boston. The New York Central studied third-rail electrification of the Highland branch and the main
1585:
on July 4, 1959. Total construction costs came to $ 8 million. Daily ridership was 25,000, ten times what the B&A trains had carried at the end. The project was "ahead of schedule and under budget", and ridership exceeded projections. The faster acceleration of the electric streetcars permitted
1525:
business had ceased to be profitable for most railroads in the United States. Causes included high structural costs of doing business, loss of demand outside of rush hour, and restrictive regulations. The Boston-area railroads were not immune to these trends, and as the decade wore on sought to end
1491:
By
November 1912, the Highland branch had 30 daily round trips, plus several Needham trains operating via Newton Highlands. This frequency dropped by one-quarter by 1919 (with many Highland branch trains not completing the circuit on the main line), then stayed constant for two decades. The B&A
1478:
Trains which traveled from Boston to
Riverside via the Highland branch returned via the main line, thus completing the "circuit". In 1904 a round trip took 1 hour and 15 minutes. The B&A main line was quadruple-tracked between Boston and Riverside; tracks 3 and 4 were used by suburban trains.
1541:
line in 1956, for a total estimated cost of $ 9 million. The MTA was attracted to the project because it could extend rapid transit service quickly and cheaply. The state legislature approved the purchase and a total expenditure of $ 9.2 million on June 20, 1957. By the time the New York
Central
1487:
rather than the
Highland branch to avoid congestion at the Cook Street junction. From 1911 to 1914, the New Haven operated "Needham Circuit" service operating via Needham and Newton Highlands. In 1926, the Newton Lower Falls branch was rerouted to join the Highland branch south of Riverside. The
1450:
along the branch, following a similar project a decade earlier on the main line through Newton. The line's elevation was lowered by as much as 10.5-foot (3.2 m) in some places in order to permit road traffic to cross overhead. Lower levels were added at Newton
Highlands and Newton Centre to
1410:
The citizens of Newton were dissatisfied with their service to Boston and since the early 1870s and had pressured both the Boston and Albany and the New York and New
England to improve service, without result. Among these proposals was for the NY&NE to sell part of its Woonsocket line to the
1430:
In 1883 the New York and New England sold the line between Brookline and Newton Highlands to the B&A for $ 411,400. The B&A completed the missing 3 miles (4.8 km) and opened the new branch on May 16, 1886. To encourage commuter traffic the B&A offered reduced-fare commutation
1633:
At Newton Highlands the New York and New England Railroad diverged at Cook Street Junction for Woonsocket. The Highland branch turned back toward the B&A main line, running northwest through Waban. It rejoined the main line at Riverside Junction, 12.25 miles (19.71 km) from Boston.
1733:
Most of the stations were demolished during the light rail conversion to provide additional parking spaces. However, four structures remain: the station buildings at Newton Centre, Newton Highlands, and Woodland, plus part of the baggage and express building at Newton Centre. (None of the
1577:. Streetcar stations with automobile parking were built at all the former station sites; Riverside and Woodland were both relocated to the southeast. Additional construction included a yard at Riverside; a loop, busway, and connection with the existing yard at Reservoir; an additional
1589:
Though successful, the conversion was cheaply constructed, and further upgrades were soon needed. From June 1960 to January 1961, the MTA enlarged Riverside Yard and added a maintenance facility, upgraded the power infrastructure, and improved the signalling system. In 1967, the
1542:
ended the seven inbound and nine outbound daily trains on May 31, 1958, daily patronage on the branch had fallen to 2,200 passengers. The MTA bought the Highland branch from the Boston and Albany on June 24, 1958 for $ 600,000. Even as the MTA took this action, the
1520:
in 1926. The next major round of planning in the mid-1940s suggested the same conversion, along with a branch to Needham. The idea returned in the mid-1950s as a combination of factors, both general and specific, made the concept attractive. The
1630:. The grade crossing elimination project of 1905–1907 lowered the line in this area to 18 inches (460 mm) above the lake's surface level. The B&A installed a drainage system to mitigate the heightened flood risk.
1640:
1427:
by a group of Newton citizens in 1882, with the stated goal of completing the circuit by building a 7-mile (11 km) line from Brookline to Riverside, prompted the two railroads to take action.
1359:
in 1863. The Charles River Branch Railroad also constructed its own track parallel to the Brookline branch. From 1858, freight trains carrying gravel from Needham quarries to fill the
1699:
designed a number of additional stations for the B&A, several of which were for the Highland branch. These included replacements for six of the former NY&NE stations -
1676:
for the railroad in 1881, was commissioned to design several stations for the B&A. These included the three stations opened on the new section through Newton Highlands (
1599:
branch between Newton Lower Falls and Riverside was out of service after 1972, leaving just the short section at Riverside Yard; the branch was formally abandoned in 1976.
1901:
1289:
in 1852. The B&A bought the line in 1883 and extended to Riverside, rejoining its main line there. The MTA electrified the line when it rebuilt it for light rail use.
2587:"National Register Information System – Woodland, Newton Highlands, and Newton Centre Railroad Stations, and Baggage and Express Building (#76002137)"
1668:
The creation of the circuit service over the Highland branch coincided with a "major program of capital investment and improvements" by the Boston and Albany. Architect
1316:'s Brookline branch, which opened on April 10, 1848. This line stretched 1.55 miles (2.49 km) from a junction with the Boston and Worcester main line south of
1431:
tickets. The introduction of frequent service to Boston led a population boom in Newton. Three new stations on the extension opened as they were completed:
1742:. The structures at Newton Centre and Newton Highlands are in use by businesses, while the run-down Woodland station is used for storage by a golf course.
1647:
1475:
in 1911, but did not find it to be cost-effective. The lines instead continued to use steam power until diesel locomotives were substituted around 1950.
1451:
accommodate the depressed tracks. At this time service over the line was almost exclusively passenger, with just one scheduled freight train per day. An
2922:
1496:(CTC) in 1932, improving the flow of traffic between the branch and the main line. By 1950, the Highland branch saw just seven daily round trips.
1569:
Construction on the new light rail line began on July 10, 1958. A new 1,150-foot (350 m)-long tunnel was built to connect with the existing
3055:
1343:
was founded in 1849 to extend service west from Brookline. Beginning in 1851, the railroad built 6.1 miles (9.8 km) from Brookline to
2469:
2449:
1739:
1534:
1255:
3060:
2155:
1551:
1383:
1213:
1332:. Construction costs were roughly $ 42,000. Brookline had previously only been reachable by road (horsecar service on what is now
1581:; and overhead electrification including a new substation at the South Boston power station. The MTA reopened the branch as the
1530:
over part of the B&A main line would reduce its capacity going forward. By 1957, daily ridership was just 3,100 passengers.
1488:
branch ran with overhead electrification between Newton Lower Falls and Riverside until 1930, then with locomotives until 1957.
2156:
Air View: Present Rapid Transit System - Boston Elevated Railway and Proposed Extensions of Rapid Transit into Suburban Boston
3050:
3045:
3008:
2910:
2883:
2864:
2845:
2776:
2727:
2708:
2689:
1527:
2591:
1735:
1627:
716:
1258:(MTA), the predecessor of the current Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA), which reopened it in 1959 as a
2633:
Allen, John (1999). "Inner Zone Commuter Rail as an Opportunity for Light Rail: Lessons from Boston's Riverside Line".
2462:
1626:, which opened in 1870. An even closer encounter took place in Newton Centre, where the line ran within a few feet of
2443:
1692:. The three new stations were intended to attract real estate development to what were then lightly populated areas.
1379:
1282:
1516:
had first proposed replacing the conventional train service on the Highland branch with streetcars running from the
2312:
1347:. This extension opened on November 24, 1852, at a cost not exceeding $ 253,000. The line was further extended to
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1161:
676:
636:
2201:
1412:
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2255:
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2613:
1340:
1313:
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1206:
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1689:
1611:. From there the branch continued southwest into Brookline. Shadowing the branch for this portion was the "
979:
596:
197:
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1616:
1513:
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1484:
1456:
516:
436:
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2016:
1615:", a partially-completed series of parks and waterways. At Brookline the line turned west and left the
1367:
1247:
1153:
79:
2786:
1869:
1839:, p. 89: "The cost of the Charles River Branch road to the date of consolidation was $ 253,808."
1723:
1673:
1650:
An 1894 map of the proposed Emerald Necklace park system. The Newton Circuit Railroad is at top right
1607:
The Highland branch diverged from the Boston and Albany main line at Brookline Junction, adjacent to
1543:
1467:
1371:
1116:
1660:
2981:
2920:
Ochsner, Jeffrey Karl (June 1988). "Architecture for the Boston & Albany Railroad: 1881–1894".
2152:
1727:
1704:
1700:
1416:
1375:
1356:
1325:
1274:
1199:
1443:
in December 1888. The level crossing at Aspinwall Avenue was replaced with a road bridge in 1892.
2791:
1734:
Olmsted-designed landscaping survived.) On March 25, 1976, the four structures were added to the
1712:
1708:
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1821:
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1307:
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1896:
1864:
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1967:
1719:
1517:
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1243:
64:
2317:
932:
282:
1504:
1423:. This would create a loop or "circuit" between Boston and Riverside. The founding of the
1386:. New York and New England trains used the B&A's route via Brookline to reach Boston.
8:
2260:
1716:
1595:
1582:
1570:
1561:
1555:
1263:
42:
Newton Centre station after the 1905–1907 grade crossing project lowered the right-of-way
20:
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3004:
2969:
2959:
2939:
2906:
2895:
2879:
2860:
2841:
2828:
2808:
2772:
2758:. No. 65. Connecticut Valley Chapter of the National Railway Historical Society.
2723:
2704:
2685:
2674:
2664:
2652:
2067:
1402:
1333:
885:
838:
2153:
Boston Elevated Railway; Massachusetts Department of Public Utilities (April 1945),
2023:. Boston Society of Civil Engineers: 11. December 1906 – via Internet Archive.
2931:
2800:
2644:
1685:
1612:
1436:
1420:
1360:
2963:
1483:
opened in 1906, the New Haven rerouted most trains on the Charles River line via
1312:
What became the Highland branch was built in stages. The initial segment was the
37:
1715:
in 1894 - plus Riverside in 1894. Most originally had their grounds designed by
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2219:
1578:
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1317:
170:
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2943:
2812:
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1681:
1677:
1547:
1522:
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1432:
1049:
242:
2754:
Dana, Edward (October 1960 – July 1961). "Riverside Line Extension, 1959".
2071:
1608:
142:
3001:
A Field Guide to Southern New England Railroad Depots and Freight Houses
2066:. New York: National Railway Publication Co. January 1904. p. 236.
2820:
1538:
1537:(MTA) first proposed buying the Highland branch and rebuilding it as a
1259:
3021:"Grade Crossing Abolition at Newton Highlands and Newton Centre, Mass"
2951:
1760:, p. 4: "The entire cost of the branch is not yet ascertained..."
1446:
Between 1905–1907 the Boston and Albany undertook a project to remove
1293:
example of converting an extant commuter rail line to light rail use.
1269:
The first section of what became the Highland branch was built by the
2902:
2720:
Streetcar Lines of the Hub: Boston's MTA Through Riverside and Beyond
2804:
2648:
2935:
2625:
Annual Report of the Directors of the Boston and Worcester Railroad
1730:
in 1902 as "disappointing...a brick structure of an earlier date."
1526:
or reduce their money-losing commuter operations. In addition, the
1672:, who had been involved with the B&A since 1867 and designed
1336:
did not begin until 1859), and the branch was quickly a success.
1664:
The Richardson-designed former Woodland station building in 1959
1594:(which had replaced the MTA in 1964) designated the line as the
2060:
2739:"Remote Control with C.T.C. Equipment on Boston & Albany"
2622:
2612:
1781:
1757:
2615:
Report of the Directors of the Boston and Worcester Railroad
1823:
Report of the Directors of the Boston and Worcester Railroad
1688:), plus a new building (completed in 1884) for the existing
1591:
1366:
By the early 1870s the Boston and Worcester had become the
1363:
for development made up most of the traffic on the line.
2965:
History of the Railroads and Canals of the United States
1695:
After Richardson's death in 1886, his successor firm of
1905:. Vol. 9, no. 10. March 8, 1884. p. 117.
1374:
system. The tracks beyond Brookline, which now reached
2789:(Summer 1962). "The Decline of Railroad Commutation".
2202:"State Must Act This Week To Keep Old Colony Running"
1974:. July 8, 1892. p. 2 – via Newspapers.com.
1722:. Ignored in this renewal program was the circa-1870
1987:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1926:
1924:
1546:was reducing service on its lines radiating out of
2923:Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians
2894:
2701:Tremont Street Subway: A Century of Public Service
2673:
2168:
2166:
2107:
2105:
2032:
2030:
2767:. Images of America. Charleston, South Carolina:
2680:. Images of America. Charleston, South Carolina:
2437:"Changes to Transit Service in the MBTA district"
2256:"MTA Has Plan To Extend Lines On B&A Roadbed"
1936:
1826:. Boston and Worcester Railroad. 1853. p. 9.
1370:(B&A), itself destined to become part of the
3037:
2124:
2122:
2120:
1978:
1921:
1149:
1112:
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820:
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578:
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2618:. Boston: Dutton & Wentworth. June 5, 1848.
2238:
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2195:
2193:
2163:
2102:
2027:
1847:
1845:
1804:
1802:
2855:Humphrey, Thomas J.; Clark, Norton D. (1986).
2836:Humphrey, Thomas J.; Clark, Norton D. (1985).
2698:
2671:
2374:
2307:
2305:
2292:
2290:
1793:
1622:In Chestnut Hill the line passed south of the
1254:. The line was closed in 1958 and sold to the
16:Suburban railway line in Boston, Massachusetts
2994:. Vol. 2, no. 11. pp. 564–570.
2897:H.H. Richardson: Complete Architectural Works
2854:
2835:
2117:
2096:
2084:
2048:
2036:
1991:
1411:B&A, which would then build west through
1207:
2672:Cheney, Frank; Sammarco, Anthony M. (1999).
2233:
2190:
1842:
1799:
2838:Boston's Commuter Rail: The First 150 Years
2699:Clarke, Bradley H.; Cummings, O.R. (1997).
2302:
2287:
2470:Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority
1740:Newton Railroad Stations Historic District
1250:in 1886 to serve the growing community of
1214:
1200:
2762:
2557:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2428:
1942:
1552:New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad
1384:New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad
1320:southwest to the current location of the
3019:Whitney, Walter C. (November 30, 1907).
2980:
2573:
2455:
2313:"Boston Rides Old Rail Line On 20c Fare"
1659:
1560:
1503:
1401:
1393:
3018:
2919:
2892:
2542:
2530:
2518:
2506:
2494:
2003:
1954:
1930:
1915:
1883:
1857:
1528:extension of the Massachusetts Turnpike
1406:A 1910 postcard of Beaconsfield station
19:For current service on this route, see
3038:
2876:The Rail Lines of Southern New England
2857:Boston's Commuter Rail: Second Section
2785:
2736:
2717:
2548:
2422:
2398:
2362:
2350:
2199:
2184:
2172:
2111:
1463:'s Beaconsfield Hotel opened in 1907.
2859:. Boston Street Railway Association.
2840:. Boston Street Railway Association.
2722:. Boston Street Railway Association.
2703:. Boston Street Railway Association.
2632:
2410:
2386:
2200:Hurley, Cornelius F. (May 26, 1958).
2128:
1897:"Annual Reports: Boston & Albany"
1554:threatened to end all service on the
3056:Rail infrastructure in Massachusetts
2958:
2873:
2753:
2592:National Register of Historic Places
2579:
2482:
2296:
2242:
2140:
1851:
1836:
1808:
1769:
1736:National Register of Historic Places
1508:A PCC streetcar at Reservoir in 1967
2998:
2561:
2434:
1389:
1069:
332:
324:
13:
2463:"Ridership and Service Statistics"
1782:Boston and Worcester Railroad 1850
1758:Boston and Worcester Railroad 1848
1419:, on its main line from Boston to
1328:, with an intermediate station at
766:
758:
14:
3072:
2878:(2 ed.). Branch Line Press.
2628:. Boston: Eastburn's Press. 1850.
2448:Page numbers are accurate to the
2444:Boston Street Railway Association
1380:New York and New England Railroad
1283:New York and New England Railroad
1242:, was a suburban railway line in
3061:Boston and Albany Railroad lines
2336:
2279:
2225:
1707:in 1888, Newton Centre in 1891,
1639:
1565:A train at Eliot station in 2016
1398:A 1907 postcard of Waban station
1138:
1101:
1094:
1075:
1068:
1061:
1039:
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1032:
1025:
1005:
998:
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951:
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857:
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773:
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2321:. November 15, 1959. p. 43
2248:
2178:
2146:
2134:
2090:
2078:
2054:
2042:
2009:
1997:
1960:
1948:
1909:
1889:
1877:
1514:Massachusetts state legislature
1492:upgraded Brookline Junction to
1076:
1026:
283:Trinity Place/Huntington Avenue
2893:Ochsner, Jeffery Karl (1982).
2737:Curran, J. W. (October 1932).
2636:Transportation Research Record
2264:. September 6, 1956. p. 9
2063:Official Guide of the Railways
1830:
1814:
1787:
1775:
1763:
1751:
1535:Metropolitan Transit Authority
1499:
1256:Metropolitan Transit Authority
1062:
1:
2606:
2159:– via Wikimedia Commons
1968:"Aspinwall Av. to be Bridged"
1865:"The Newton Circuit Railroad"
1341:Charles River Branch Railroad
1314:Boston and Worcester Railroad
1301:
1279:Charles River Branch Railroad
1271:Boston and Worcester Railroad
1139:
1102:
1006:
999:
992:
851:
774:
736:
729:
359:
340:
302:
295:
215:
129:12.25 mi (19.71 km)
3051:Railway lines closed in 1958
3046:Railway lines opened in 1886
2564:, pp. 198–200, 261, 274
898:
366:
137:Grade-separated double track
7:
2718:Clarke, Bradley H. (2015).
1697:Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge
1655:
1494:centralized traffic control
1339:Based on this success, the
1095:
1040:
952:
945:
905:
858:
811:
689:
649:
609:
569:
529:
489:
449:
409:
255:
10:
3077:
2874:Karr, Ronald Dale (2017).
2763:Fleishman, Thelma (1999).
2375:Cheney & Sammarco 1999
1902:St. Louis Railway Register
1794:Clarke & Cummings 1997
1368:Boston and Albany Railroad
1305:
1296:
1248:Boston and Albany Railroad
1154:Boston and Albany Railroad
80:Boston and Albany Railroad
18:
2999:Roy, John H. Jr. (2007).
2982:Robinson, Charles Mulford
2450:December 21, 2018 version
2097:Humphrey & Clark 1985
2085:Humphrey & Clark 1985
2049:Humphrey & Clark 1986
2037:Humphrey & Clark 1986
1992:Humphrey & Clark 1985
1870:American Railroad Journal
1544:Boston and Maine Railroad
1468:New York Central Railroad
1372:New York Central Railroad
1322:Brookline Village station
1147:
1132:
1117:Newton Lower Falls Branch
1110:
1088:
1084:
1055:
1048:
1019:
1014:
985:
978:
938:
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891:
884:
844:
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52:
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35:
30:
1745:
1728:Charles Mulford Robinson
1602:
1376:Woonsocket, Rhode Island
1357:Woonsocket, Rhode Island
1355:) the next year, and to
2792:Business History Review
2756:Transportation Bulletin
1670:Henry Hobson Richardson
1624:Chestnut Hill Reservoir
1425:Newton Circuit Railroad
1285:, extended the line to
1262:line, now known as the
1246:. It was opened by the
1240:Newton Highlands branch
3025:The Engineering Record
2986:"A Railroad Beautiful"
2207:North Adams Transcript
2017:"New Engineering Work"
1665:
1566:
1509:
1461:Henry Melville Whitney
1407:
1399:
1382:, a forerunner of the
1308:Charles River Railroad
1281:, a forerunner of the
3003:. Branch Line Press.
2597:National Park Service
2472:. 2014. p. 2.17.
1873:: 415. June 17, 1882.
1720:Frederick Law Olmsted
1690:Chestnut Hill station
1663:
1579:station at Park Drive
1564:
1518:Tremont Street Subway
1507:
1439:soon afterwards; and
1405:
1397:
1252:Newton, Massachusetts
1244:Boston, Massachusetts
1123:to Newton Lower Falls
745:Cook Street Junction
65:Boston, Massachusetts
2318:The Pittsburgh Press
1435:on August 16, 1886;
1238:, also known as the
789:Charles River Branch
243:Boston South Station
2435:Belcher, Jonathan.
2261:The Berkshire Eagle
1717:landscape architect
1596:Green Line D branch
1556:Old Colony Railroad
1273:between Boston and
1266:of the Green Line.
1015:Riverside Junction
311:Brookline Junction
21:Green Line D branch
2991:House & Garden
2960:Poor, Henry Varnum
2769:Arcadia Publishing
2682:Arcadia Publishing
2545:, pp. 127–131
2187:, pp. 173–175
2006:, pp. 586–589
1957:, pp. 360–366
1918:, pp. 111–112
1772:, pp. 104–105
1674:Auburndale station
1666:
1571:Beacon Street Line
1567:
1510:
1408:
1400:
1378:, belonged to the
1345:Newton Upper Falls
1287:Newton Upper Falls
3010:978-0-942147-08-7
2984:(November 1902).
2912:978-0-262-15023-1
2885:978-0-942147-12-4
2866:978-0-938315-02-5
2847:978-0-685-41294-7
2787:Hilton, George W.
2778:978-0-7385-3774-0
2743:Railway Signaling
2729:978-0-938315-07-0
2710:978-0-938315-04-9
2691:978-0-7385-0087-4
2468:(14th ed.).
1724:Brookline station
1459:to serve magnate
1334:Huntington Avenue
1232:
1231:
1228:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1188:
1187:
1167:
1166:
1127:
1126:
974:
973:
927:
926:
880:
879:
833:
832:
799:
798:
711:
710:
671:
670:
631:
630:
591:
590:
551:
550:
511:
510:
471:
470:
431:
430:
388:
387:
277:
276:
237:
236:
3068:
3032:
3014:
2995:
2977:
2955:
2916:
2900:
2889:
2870:
2851:
2832:
2782:
2759:
2750:
2733:
2714:
2695:
2679:
2676:Boston in Motion
2668:
2629:
2619:
2601:
2600:
2583:
2577:
2571:
2565:
2559:
2546:
2540:
2534:
2528:
2522:
2516:
2510:
2504:
2498:
2492:
2486:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2467:
2459:
2453:
2447:
2441:
2432:
2426:
2420:
2414:
2408:
2402:
2396:
2390:
2384:
2378:
2372:
2366:
2360:
2354:
2348:
2342:
2341:
2340:
2334:
2328:
2326:
2309:
2300:
2294:
2285:
2284:
2283:
2277:
2271:
2269:
2252:
2246:
2240:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2223:
2217:
2215:
2197:
2188:
2182:
2176:
2170:
2161:
2160:
2150:
2144:
2138:
2132:
2126:
2115:
2109:
2100:
2094:
2088:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2058:
2052:
2046:
2040:
2034:
2025:
2024:
2021:Monthly Bulletin
2013:
2007:
2001:
1995:
1989:
1976:
1975:
1964:
1958:
1952:
1946:
1940:
1934:
1928:
1919:
1913:
1907:
1906:
1893:
1887:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1861:
1855:
1849:
1840:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1818:
1812:
1806:
1797:
1791:
1785:
1779:
1773:
1767:
1761:
1755:
1701:Newton Highlands
1643:
1613:Emerald Necklace
1421:Albany, New York
1413:Newton Highlands
1390:Suburban service
1216:
1209:
1202:
1196:
1150:
1142:
1141:
1113:
1105:
1104:
1098:
1097:
1079:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1065:
1064:
1043:
1042:
1036:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1009:
1008:
1002:
1001:
995:
994:
962:
955:
954:
948:
947:
915:
908:
907:
901:
900:
868:
861:
860:
854:
853:
821:
814:
813:
785:
777:
776:
769:
768:
761:
760:
739:
738:
732:
731:
717:Newton Highlands
699:
692:
691:
659:
652:
651:
619:
612:
611:
579:
572:
571:
539:
532:
531:
499:
492:
491:
459:
452:
451:
419:
412:
411:
376:
369:
368:
362:
361:
343:
342:
335:
334:
327:
326:
305:
304:
298:
297:
265:
258:
257:
225:
218:
217:
206:
205:
193:
179:
178:
173:
167:
163:
161:
160:
156:
153:
116:
114:
101:
99:
40:
28:
27:
3076:
3075:
3071:
3070:
3069:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3036:
3035:
3011:
2968:. Vol. 1.
2913:
2886:
2867:
2848:
2805:10.2307/3111454
2779:
2730:
2711:
2692:
2649:10.3141/1677-05
2609:
2604:
2599:. July 9, 2010.
2585:
2584:
2580:
2572:
2568:
2560:
2549:
2541:
2537:
2529:
2525:
2517:
2513:
2505:
2501:
2493:
2489:
2481:
2477:
2465:
2461:
2460:
2456:
2439:
2433:
2429:
2421:
2417:
2409:
2405:
2397:
2393:
2385:
2381:
2373:
2369:
2361:
2357:
2349:
2345:
2335:
2324:
2322:
2311:
2310:
2303:
2295:
2288:
2278:
2267:
2265:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2241:
2234:
2224:
2213:
2211:
2198:
2191:
2183:
2179:
2171:
2164:
2151:
2147:
2139:
2135:
2127:
2118:
2110:
2103:
2095:
2091:
2083:
2079:
2059:
2055:
2047:
2043:
2035:
2028:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2002:
1998:
1990:
1979:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1953:
1949:
1941:
1937:
1929:
1922:
1914:
1910:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1882:
1878:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1850:
1843:
1835:
1831:
1820:
1819:
1815:
1807:
1800:
1792:
1788:
1780:
1776:
1768:
1764:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1726:, dismissed by
1709:Brookline Hills
1658:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1644:
1605:
1573:tunnel west of
1502:
1471:line as far as
1448:grade crossings
1392:
1351:(later part of
1330:Longwood Avenue
1318:Governor Square
1310:
1304:
1299:
1236:Highland branch
1220:
1194:
1143:
1106:
1099:
1080:
1073:
1066:
1044:
1037:
1030:
1010:
1003:
996:
976:
956:
949:
929:
909:
902:
882:
862:
855:
835:
815:
778:
771:
770:
763:
762:
740:
733:
713:
693:
673:
653:
633:
613:
593:
573:
553:
533:
517:Brookline Hills
513:
493:
473:
453:
433:
413:
398:
390:
370:
363:
344:
337:
336:
329:
328:
306:
299:
279:
259:
239:
219:
200:
184:
169:
165:
158:
154:
151:
149:
148:4 ft
147:
112:
110:
97:
95:
43:
31:Highland branch
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3074:
3064:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3034:
3033:
3031:(22): 586–589.
3016:
3009:
2996:
2978:
2956:
2936:10.2307/990324
2930:(2): 109–131.
2917:
2911:
2890:
2884:
2871:
2865:
2852:
2846:
2833:
2799:(2): 171–187.
2783:
2777:
2760:
2751:
2749:(10): 293–295.
2734:
2728:
2715:
2709:
2696:
2690:
2669:
2630:
2620:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2578:
2566:
2547:
2535:
2523:
2511:
2499:
2487:
2475:
2454:
2446:. p. 301.
2427:
2415:
2403:
2391:
2379:
2367:
2355:
2343:
2331:Newspapers.com
2301:
2286:
2274:Newspapers.com
2247:
2232:
2220:Newspapers.com
2189:
2177:
2162:
2145:
2133:
2116:
2101:
2089:
2077:
2053:
2041:
2026:
2008:
1996:
1977:
1959:
1947:
1943:Fleishman 1999
1935:
1920:
1908:
1888:
1876:
1856:
1841:
1829:
1813:
1798:
1786:
1774:
1762:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1657:
1654:
1646:
1645:
1638:
1637:
1636:
1604:
1601:
1583:Riverside Line
1575:Kenmore Square
1501:
1498:
1481:Needham cutoff
1453:infill station
1391:
1388:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1218:
1211:
1204:
1195:This diagram:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1157:
1156:
1146:
1144:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1119:
1109:
1107:
1100:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1074:
1067:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1045:
1038:
1031:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1004:
997:
990:
988:
986:
983:
982:
977:
972:
971:
967:
966:
959:
957:
950:
943:
941:
939:
936:
935:
930:
925:
924:
920:
919:
912:
910:
903:
896:
894:
892:
889:
888:
883:
878:
877:
873:
872:
865:
863:
856:
849:
847:
845:
842:
841:
836:
831:
830:
826:
825:
818:
816:
809:
807:
805:
802:
801:
797:
796:
792:
791:
781:
779:
772:
764:
756:
755:
754:
752:
750:
747:
746:
743:
741:
734:
727:
725:
723:
720:
719:
714:
709:
708:
704:
703:
696:
694:
687:
685:
683:
680:
679:
674:
669:
668:
664:
663:
656:
654:
647:
645:
643:
640:
639:
634:
629:
628:
624:
623:
616:
614:
607:
605:
603:
600:
599:
594:
589:
588:
584:
583:
576:
574:
567:
565:
563:
560:
559:
554:
549:
548:
544:
543:
536:
534:
527:
525:
523:
520:
519:
514:
509:
508:
504:
503:
496:
494:
487:
485:
483:
480:
479:
474:
469:
468:
464:
463:
456:
454:
447:
445:
443:
440:
439:
434:
429:
428:
424:
423:
416:
414:
407:
405:
403:
400:
399:
396:
391:
386:
385:
381:
380:
373:
371:
364:
357:
355:
353:
350:
349:
347:
345:
338:
330:
322:
321:
320:
318:
316:
313:
312:
309:
307:
300:
293:
291:
289:
286:
285:
280:
275:
274:
270:
269:
262:
260:
253:
251:
249:
246:
245:
240:
235:
234:
230:
229:
222:
220:
213:
211:
209:
202:
201:
196:
186:
185:
182:
175:
174:
171:standard gauge
145:
139:
138:
135:
131:
130:
127:
123:
122:
118:
117:
107:
103:
102:
92:
88:
87:
83:
82:
77:
73:
72:
68:
67:
62:
58:
57:
54:
50:
49:
45:
44:
41:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3073:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3006:
3002:
2997:
2993:
2992:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2966:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2924:
2918:
2914:
2908:
2904:
2899:
2898:
2891:
2887:
2881:
2877:
2872:
2868:
2862:
2858:
2853:
2849:
2843:
2839:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2798:
2794:
2793:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2761:
2757:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2735:
2731:
2725:
2721:
2716:
2712:
2706:
2702:
2697:
2693:
2687:
2683:
2678:
2677:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2637:
2631:
2627:
2626:
2621:
2617:
2616:
2611:
2610:
2598:
2594:
2593:
2588:
2582:
2576:, p. 568
2575:
2574:Robinson 1902
2570:
2563:
2558:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2544:
2539:
2533:, p. 116
2532:
2527:
2521:, p. 109
2520:
2515:
2509:, p. 587
2508:
2503:
2497:, p. 586
2496:
2491:
2485:, p. 345
2484:
2479:
2471:
2464:
2458:
2451:
2445:
2438:
2431:
2425:, p. 160
2424:
2419:
2412:
2407:
2401:, p. 181
2400:
2395:
2388:
2383:
2377:, p. 129
2376:
2371:
2365:, p. 177
2364:
2359:
2352:
2347:
2339:
2332:
2320:
2319:
2314:
2308:
2306:
2298:
2293:
2291:
2282:
2275:
2263:
2262:
2257:
2251:
2244:
2239:
2237:
2228:
2221:
2209:
2208:
2203:
2196:
2194:
2186:
2181:
2175:, p. 155
2174:
2169:
2167:
2158:
2157:
2149:
2142:
2137:
2130:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2114:, p. 293
2113:
2108:
2106:
2098:
2093:
2086:
2081:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2064:
2057:
2050:
2045:
2038:
2033:
2031:
2022:
2018:
2012:
2005:
2000:
1993:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1973:
1969:
1963:
1956:
1951:
1944:
1939:
1933:, p. 114
1932:
1927:
1925:
1917:
1912:
1904:
1903:
1898:
1892:
1886:, p. 111
1885:
1880:
1872:
1871:
1866:
1860:
1854:, p. 352
1853:
1848:
1846:
1838:
1833:
1825:
1824:
1817:
1811:, p. 351
1810:
1805:
1803:
1795:
1790:
1783:
1778:
1771:
1766:
1759:
1754:
1750:
1743:
1741:
1737:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1718:
1714:
1711:in 1892, and
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1693:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1662:
1648:
1642:
1635:
1631:
1629:
1625:
1620:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1600:
1597:
1593:
1587:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1563:
1559:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1548:North Station
1545:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1529:
1524:
1523:commuter rail
1519:
1515:
1506:
1497:
1495:
1489:
1486:
1482:
1476:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1428:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1404:
1396:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1309:
1294:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1277:in 1848. The
1276:
1272:
1267:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1217:
1212:
1210:
1205:
1203:
1198:
1197:
1192:
1191:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1171:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1145:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1122:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1108:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1082:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1050:Charles River
1046:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1012:
989:
987:
984:
981:
970:19.71 km
969:
968:
965:12.25 mi
964:
963:
958:
942:
940:
937:
934:
922:
921:
918:11.56 mi
917:
916:
911:
895:
893:
890:
887:
876:16.96 km
875:
874:
871:10.54 mi
870:
869:
864:
848:
846:
843:
840:
829:15.61 km
828:
827:
823:
822:
817:
808:
806:
803:
795:to Woonsocket
794:
793:
790:
787:
786:
780:
753:
751:
748:
742:
726:
724:
721:
718:
707:14.39 km
706:
705:
701:
700:
695:
686:
684:
681:
678:
677:Newton Centre
667:13.05 km
666:
665:
661:
660:
655:
646:
644:
641:
638:
637:Chestnut Hill
626:
625:
621:
620:
615:
606:
604:
601:
598:
586:
585:
581:
580:
575:
566:
564:
561:
558:
546:
545:
541:
540:
535:
526:
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521:
518:
506:
505:
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495:
486:
484:
481:
478:
466:
465:
461:
460:
455:
446:
444:
441:
438:
426:
425:
421:
420:
415:
406:
404:
401:
397:(closed 1893)
395:
383:
382:
378:
377:
372:
356:
354:
351:
346:
319:
317:
314:
308:
292:
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272:
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212:
210:
207:
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203:
199:
195:
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188:
187:
181:
180:
176:
172:
166:1,435 mm
146:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
119:
108:
104:
93:
89:
84:
81:
78:
74:
69:
66:
63:
59:
55:
51:
46:
39:
34:
29:
26:
22:
3028:
3024:
3015:</ref>
3000:
2989:
2964:
2927:
2921:
2896:
2875:
2856:
2837:
2796:
2790:
2764:
2755:
2746:
2742:
2719:
2700:
2675:
2643:(1): 40–47.
2640:
2634:
2624:
2614:
2590:
2581:
2569:
2543:Ochsner 1988
2538:
2531:Ochsner 1988
2526:
2519:Ochsner 1988
2514:
2507:Whitney 1907
2502:
2495:Whitney 1907
2490:
2478:
2457:
2430:
2418:
2413:, p. 40
2406:
2394:
2389:, p. 43
2382:
2370:
2358:
2346:
2329:– via
2323:. Retrieved
2316:
2272:– via
2266:. Retrieved
2259:
2250:
2245:, p. 17
2218:– via
2212:. Retrieved
2205:
2180:
2154:
2148:
2136:
2131:, p. 42
2099:, p. 45
2092:
2087:, p. 21
2080:
2061:
2056:
2051:, p. 34
2044:
2020:
2011:
2004:Whitney 1907
1999:
1994:, p. 22
1972:Boston Globe
1971:
1962:
1955:Ochsner 1982
1950:
1945:, p. 27
1938:
1931:Ochsner 1988
1916:Ochsner 1988
1911:
1900:
1891:
1884:Ochsner 1988
1879:
1868:
1859:
1832:
1822:
1816:
1796:, p. 60
1789:
1777:
1765:
1753:
1732:
1694:
1667:
1632:
1628:Crystal Lake
1621:
1606:
1588:
1568:
1532:
1511:
1490:
1485:Forest Hills
1477:
1465:
1457:Beaconsfield
1445:
1429:
1424:
1409:
1365:
1349:Great Plains
1338:
1311:
1291:
1268:
1239:
1235:
1233:
923:18.6 km
824:9.70 mi
702:8.94 mi
662:8.11 mi
627:10.7 km
622:6.65 mi
587:8.37 km
582:5.20 mi
557:Beaconsfield
547:8.37 km
542:5.20 mi
507:7.13 km
502:4.43 mi
467:6.26 km
462:3.89 mi
427:5.09 km
422:3.16 mi
384:4.86 km
379:3.02 mi
189:
25:
2423:Clarke 2015
2399:Hilton 1962
2363:Hilton 1962
2353:, p. 4
2351:Clarke 2015
2299:, p. 4
2210:. p. 7
2185:Hilton 1962
2173:Clarke 2015
2143:, p. 2
2112:Curran 1932
2039:, p. 4
1784:, p. 7
1617:Muddy River
1609:Fenway Park
1500:Sale to MTA
273:1.9 km
268:1.2 mi
143:Track gauge
126:Line length
3040:Categories
2607:References
2411:Allen 1999
2387:Allen 1999
2129:Allen 1999
1539:light rail
1479:After the
1473:Framingham
1306:See also:
1302:Precursors
1260:light rail
2974:950951354
2944:0037-9808
2903:MIT Press
2829:155828018
2813:0007-6805
2665:111002264
2657:0361-1981
2483:Karr 2017
2297:Dana 1961
2243:Dana 1961
2141:Dana 1961
1852:Karr 2017
1837:Poor 1860
1809:Karr 2017
1770:Poor 1860
1705:Reservoir
1703:in 1887,
1417:Riverside
1326:Brookline
1275:Brookline
980:Riverside
597:Reservoir
477:Brookline
233:0 km
228:0 mi
183:Route map
134:Character
121:Technical
2962:(1860).
2562:Roy 2007
1713:Longwood
1686:Woodland
1656:Stations
1619:behind.
1550:and the
1437:Woodland
1361:Back Bay
1264:D branch
933:Woodland
437:Longwood
162: in
48:Overview
2821:3111454
2325:June 8,
2268:June 8,
2214:June 8,
2072:6340864
1738:as the
1558:lines.
1353:Needham
1297:History
157:⁄
111: (
96: (
86:History
71:Service
3007:
2972:
2952:990324
2950:
2942:
2909:
2882:
2863:
2844:
2827:
2819:
2811:
2775:
2765:Newton
2726:
2707:
2688:
2663:
2655:
2070:
1684:, and
1168:
1162:Albany
1128:
800:
394:Chapel
198:Legend
190:
106:Closed
91:Opened
76:System
61:Locale
56:Closed
53:Status
2948:JSTOR
2825:S2CID
2817:JSTOR
2661:S2CID
2466:(PDF)
2440:(PDF)
1746:Notes
1682:Waban
1678:Eliot
1603:Route
1441:Eliot
1433:Waban
1148:
1111:
975:
960:
928:
913:
886:Waban
881:
866:
839:Eliot
834:
819:
783:
712:
697:
672:
657:
632:
617:
592:
577:
552:
537:
512:
497:
472:
457:
432:
417:
389:
374:
278:
263:
238:
223:
3005:ISBN
2970:OCLC
2940:ISSN
2907:ISBN
2880:ISBN
2861:ISBN
2842:ISBN
2809:ISSN
2773:ISBN
2724:ISBN
2705:ISBN
2686:ISBN
2653:ISSN
2641:1677
2327:2018
2270:2018
2216:2018
2068:OCLC
1592:MBTA
1533:The
1512:The
1466:The
1234:The
1215:edit
1208:talk
1201:view
113:1958
109:1958
98:1886
94:1886
2932:doi
2801:doi
2645:doi
1455:at
1415:to
1324:in
1160:to
3042::
3029:56
3027:.
3023:.
2988:.
2946:.
2938:.
2928:47
2926:.
2905:.
2901:.
2823:.
2815:.
2807:.
2797:36
2795:.
2771:.
2747:25
2745:.
2741:.
2684:.
2659:.
2651:.
2639:.
2595:.
2589:.
2550:^
2442:.
2315:.
2304:^
2289:^
2258:.
2235:^
2204:.
2192:^
2165:^
2119:^
2104:^
2029:^
2019:.
1980:^
1970:.
1923:^
1899:.
1867:.
1844:^
1801:^
1680:,
168:)
3013:.
2976:.
2954:.
2934::
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2888:.
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2831:.
2803::
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2452:.
2333:.
2276:.
2222:.
2074:.
164:(
159:2
155:1
152:+
150:8
115:)
100:)
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
