442:
418:
784:
430:
95:
394:
379:
42:
577:
406:
70:
691:
707:, Kashmir. In Pakistan and India, during the British colonial period, deodar wood was used extensively for construction of barracks, public buildings, bridges, canals and railway cars. Despite its durability, it is not a strong timber, and its brittle nature makes it unsuitable for delicate work where strength is required, such as chair-making.
654:
from this region are hardy to USDA zone 7 or even zone 6, tolerating temperatures down to about â30 °C (â22 °F). Named cultivars from this region include 'Eisregen', 'Eiswinter', 'Karl Fuchs', 'Kashmir', 'Polar Winter', and 'Shalimar'. Of these, 'Eisregen', 'Eiswinter', 'Karl Fuchs', and
698:
Deodar is in great demand as building material because of its durability, rot-resistant character and fine, close grain, which is capable of taking a high polish. Its historical use to construct religious temples and in landscaping around temples is well recorded. Its rot-resistant character also
755:. It has a characteristic woody odor which may change somewhat in the course of drying out. The crude oils are often yellowish or darker in color. Its applications include soap perfumes, household sprays, floor polishes, and insecticides, and is also used in microscope work as a clearing oil.
725:
The inner wood is aromatic and used to make incense. Inner wood is distilled into essential oil. As insects avoid this tree, the essential oil is used as insect repellent on the feet of horses, cattle and camels. It also has antifungal properties and has some potential for control of fungal
533:
631:, often planted in parks and large gardens for its drooping foliage. General cultivation is limited to areas with mild winters, with trees frequently killed by temperatures below about â25 °C (â13 °F), limiting it to
275:
tree reaching 40â50 metres (131â164 feet) tall, exceptionally 60 m (197 ft) with a trunk up to 3 m (10 ft) in diameter. It has a conic crown with level branches and drooping branchlets.
1149:
Zeng, Wei-Cai; Zhang, Zeng; Gao, Hong; Jia, Li-Rong; He, Qiang (2012). "Chemical
Composition, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oil from Pine Needle (Cedrus deodara)".
655:'Polar Winter' were selected in Germany from seed collected in Paktia; 'Kashmir' was a selection of the nursery trade, whereas 'Shalimar' originated from seeds collected in 1964 from
1398:
Sharma, C. M., & Khanduri, V. P. (2011). Pollen cone characteristics, pollen yield and pollen-mediated gene flow in Cedrus deodara. Current
Science (Bangalore), 102(3), 394â397
1052:
Willför, Stefan; Ali, Mumtaz; Karonen, Maarit; Reunanen, Markku; Arfan, Mohammad; Harlamow, Reija (2009). "Extractives in bark of different conifer species growing in
Pakistan".
1830:
729:
Because of its antifungal and insect repellent properties, rooms made of deodar cedar wood are used to store meat and food grains like oats and wheat in
529:
2403:
1799:
1029:
Pinaceae: drawings and descriptions of the genera Abies, Cedrus, Pseudolarix, Keteleeria, Nothotsuga, Tsuga, Cathaya, Pseudotsuga, Larix and Picea
2264:
517:
2342:
481:
2649:
469:
1823:
485:
2424:
2664:
283:
are needle-like, mostly 2.5â5 centimetres (1â2 inches) long, occasionally up to 7 cm (3 in) long, slender (1 millimetre or
2569:
2202:
477:
2582:
2277:
2215:
1003:
994:
1745:
1279:"Membrane stabilizing activity â a possible mechanism of action for the anti-inflammatory activity of Cedrus deodara wood oil"
2694:
2308:
1816:
1477:
1452:
1036:
2393:
2282:
2689:
2679:
1633:
803:, as the etymology of deodar suggests, it is worshiped as a divine tree. Deva, the first half of the Sanskrit term, means
441:
2556:
2163:
1242:
Tiwari, AK; Srinivas, PV; Kumar, SP; Rao, JM (2001). "Free radical scavenging active components from Cedrus deodara".
2674:
1645:
2481:
1778:
2704:
2595:
2347:
2251:
17:
2613:
2699:
2476:
2442:
2684:
2659:
2329:
1519:
999:
2194:
2181:
1839:
1705:
879:
875:
488:(3âČ,4âČ,5,6-tetrahydroxy-8-methyl dihydroflavonol). The main components of the needle essential oil include
417:
2103:
1277:
Shinde, U. A.; Phadke, A. S.; Nair, A. M.; Mungantiwar, A. A.; Dikshit, V. J.; Saraf, M. N. (1999-06-01).
2530:
2450:
2093:
2075:
916:
670:
429:
2608:
2587:
2437:
1563:
2220:
1353:
1278:
985:
2709:
2357:
2303:
1541:
393:
378:
1338:
2066:
1871:
1861:
1673:
1585:
656:
94:
2321:
963:
2669:
2429:
2189:
2129:
581:
1493:
2269:
2176:
2028:
1354:"Gastric antisecretory and antiulcer activities of Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud. in Wistar rats"
1733:
1325:
674:
205:
2383:
2243:
2295:
2137:
788:
8:
1949:
1898:
59:
2416:
2489:
1722:
1616:
1413:
Report on frost damage to trees in
Denmark after the severe 1981/82 and 1984/85 winters
1069:
792:
636:
635:
7 and warmer for reliable growth. It can succeed in rather cool-summer climates, as in
89:
1294:
1135:
2543:
2378:
2111:
2008:
1681:
1641:
1473:
1448:
1381:
1373:
1317:
1298:
1259:
1228:
1197:
1166:
1162:
1104:
1032:
890:
1118:
Adinarayana, D.; Seshadri, T.R. (1965). "Chemical investigation of the stem-bark of
1073:
940:
2548:
2494:
2000:
1941:
1866:
1749:
1365:
1290:
1251:
1224:
1193:
1158:
1131:
1100:
1061:
958:
883:
742:
738:
660:
405:
333: in) broad, and disintegrate when mature (in 12 months) to release the winged
222:
50:
2535:
2116:
2080:
2654:
2521:
2365:
895:
730:
647:
642:
The most cold-tolerant trees originate in the northwest of the species' range in
628:
521:
297:, and in dense clusters of 20â30 on short shoots; they vary from bright green to
2455:
2334:
1651:
726:
deterioration of spices during storage. The outer bark and stem are astringent.
2411:
1906:
1808:
903:
783:
734:
545:
294:
119:
1369:
669:
and the three cultivars 'Feelin' Blue', 'Pendula' and 'Aurea' have gained the
489:
2643:
2561:
2290:
2168:
2051:
1992:
1984:
1914:
1853:
1685:
1377:
1302:
949:
505:
79:
74:
2626:
2468:
1965:
1426:
1385:
1263:
1170:
1087:
Agrawal, P.K.; Agarwal, S.K.; Rastogi, R.P. (1980). "Dihydroflavonols from
764:
752:
525:
302:
2370:
41:
2316:
2228:
2060:
1352:
Kumar, Avadhesh; Singh, Vandana; Chaudhary, Amrendra Kumar (2011-03-24).
605:
589:
576:
549:
1764:
1184:
Agrawal, P.K.; Rastogi, R.P. (1982). "Two lignans from Cedrus deodara".
1065:
2574:
2207:
700:
473:
226:
132:
1255:
2233:
2150:
748:
719:
632:
465:
269:
257:
2600:
2022:
611:
It grows at altitudes of 1,500â3,200 m (5,000â10,000 ft).
2621:
2515:
2463:
2045:
704:
690:
651:
601:
553:
501:
497:
493:
298:
172:
2256:
2155:
2124:
1957:
1640:. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 1995.
835:
832:
643:
509:
272:
162:
152:
142:
2142:
815:. DÄru, the second part, is cognate with (related to) the words
2088:
860:
800:
513:
366:
280:
253:
182:
934:
932:
1591:. Royal Horticultural Society. December 2020. pp. 18, 19
772:
768:
597:
593:
385:
106:
1879:
1276:
929:
866:
334:
1051:
831:. Several Hindu legends refer to this tree. For example,
751:
is often used for its aromatic properties, especially in
699:
makes it an ideal wood for constructing the well-known
1241:
1211:
Agarwal, P.K.; Rastogi, R.P. (1981). "Terpenoids from
524:. Other compounds have been identified, including (â)-
1443:
Humphrey James, Welch (1993). Haddows, Gordon (ed.).
1086:
1351:
1117:
619:âDeodar is a wind-pollinated monoecious speciesâ.
1520:"RHS Plantfinder - Cedrus deodara 'Feelin' Blue'"
864:is to be searched there and there, together with
534:4,4',9-trihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxy-9,9'-epoxylignan
2641:
1838:
1318:"An insight into traditional system of medicine"
560:, which means "wood of the gods", a compound of
1148:
1617:"The Deodar Tree: the Himalayan 'Tree of God'"
1442:
1210:
1183:
1824:
964:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42304A2970751.en
1542:"RHS Plantfinder - Cedrus deodara 'Pendula'"
1472:(in German) (2nd ed.). Berlin: Parey.
907:featured a song called "Under the Deodar."
571:
1831:
1817:
1564:"RHS Plantfinder - Cedrus deodara 'Aurea'"
1244:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
938:
68:
40:
1461:
962:
512:(2.14%). The deodar cedar also contains
1610:
1608:
1606:
1438:
1436:
1031:. Koenigstein: Koeltz Scientific Books.
1022:
1020:
782:
689:
685:
575:
1762:
1671:
1614:
1406:
1404:
1004:United States Department of Agriculture
995:Germplasm Resources Information Network
14:
2642:
1763:Kipling, Rudyard (September 1, 2001).
1638:Flavours and fragances of plant origin
1628:
1626:
1045:
894:was an 1889 short story collection by
293: in thick), borne singly on long
2027:
2026:
1812:
1706:"Valmiki Ramayana - Kishkindha Kanda"
1672:Andrews, Arden Fanning (2021-09-10).
1603:
1433:
1315:
1026:
1017:
2482:a49348ae-b515-4cd6-856e-1a162aa68d48
2358:f4b98021-4316-4647-939e-0c5a1dc13a9e
1467:
1410:
1401:
763:The gum of the tree is used to make
532:, and a dibenzylbutyrolactollignan (
319:â5 in) long and 5â9 cm (2â
2650:IUCN Red List least concern species
1623:
978:
950:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
24:
2614:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60453340-2
710:
337:. The male cones are 4â6 cm (
25:
2721:
1793:
1447:. Bromyard: Landsman's Bookshop.
305:are barrel-shaped, 7â13 cm (
301:blue-green in colour. The female
2665:Flora of the Indian subcontinent
2443:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:676701-1
1802:Cedrus deodara - Himalayan Cedar
1615:McGowan, Chris (March 5, 2008).
1163:10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02767.x
659:, Kashmir and propagated at the
440:
428:
416:
404:
392:
377:
93:
1771:
1756:
1738:
1727:
1716:
1698:
1674:"An Incense for Every Occasion"
1665:
1578:
1556:
1534:
1512:
1486:
1445:The World Checklist of Conifers
1419:
1392:
1345:
1309:
1270:
1235:
614:
588:The species natively occurs in
516:and the phenolic sesquiterpene
365: in) long, and shed their
1767:– via Project Gutenberg.
1415:. Denmark: HĂžrsholm Arboretum.
1316:Mehta, Devanssh (2012-01-01).
1204:
1177:
1142:
1111:
1080:
622:
263:
13:
1:
1566:. Royal Horticultural Society
1544:. Royal Horticultural Society
1522:. Royal Horticultural Society
1500:. Royal Horticultural Society
1295:10.1016/S0367-326X(99)00030-1
1136:10.1016/S0040-4020(01)96989-3
1000:Agricultural Research Service
922:
2695:National symbols of Pakistan
1840:National symbols of Pakistan
1358:Journal of Ethnopharmacology
1229:10.1016/0031-9422(81)80031-3
1198:10.1016/0031-9422(82)80172-6
1105:10.1016/0031-9422(80)85133-8
548:, which is also the English
539:
455:
7:
2690:Least concern biota of Asia
2680:Trees of temperate climates
1800:Conifers Around the World:
917:List of Indian timber trees
910:
850:trees and in the woods of
671:Royal Horticultural Society
10:
2726:
778:
758:
464:contains large amounts of
2505:
2035:
1977:
1926:
1891:
1846:
1586:"AGM Plants - Ornamental"
1470:Handbuch der Nadelgehölze
1427:"Trees Near Their Limits"
1370:10.1016/j.jep.2010.12.019
627:It is widely grown as an
211:
204:
90:Scientific classification
88:
66:
57:
48:
39:
34:
2675:Medicinal plants of Asia
1872:Faith, Unity, Discipline
1862:State emblem of Pakistan
1468:Gerd, KrĂŒssmann (1983).
650:, Afghanistan. Selected
572:Distribution and habitat
1151:Journal of Food Science
680:
582:Kalpa, Himachal Pradesh
2705:Drought-tolerant trees
1918:(Mother of the Nation)
1902:(Father of the Nation)
1710:www.valmikiramayan.net
1333:Cite journal requires
1027:Aljos, Farjon (1990).
872:
796:
695:
585:
552:, is derived from the
435:Leaves and female cone
2700:Garden plants of Asia
1734:Wild Himalayan Cherry
878:of Pakistan, and the
840:
786:
693:
686:Construction material
675:Award of Garden Merit
579:
2685:Least concern plants
2660:Trees of Afghanistan
957:: e.T42304A2970751.
789:Ayubia National Park
468:. The wood contains
1950:Jasminum officinale
1899:Muhammad Ali Jinnah
1883:(national language)
1765:"Under the Deodars"
1494:"RHS Plantfinder -
1066:10.1515/HF.2009.095
939:Farjon, A. (2013).
606:North-Central India
594:South Western Tibet
399:Older tree in India
60:Conservation status
1723:Symplocos racemosa
1678:The New York Times
874:The deodar is the
797:
793:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
787:Cedrus deodara in
696:
677:(confirmed 2021).
637:Ushuaia, Argentina
586:
423:Close-up of leaves
252:, is a species of
2637:
2636:
2379:Open Tree of Life
2029:Taxon identifiers
2020:
2019:
2009:Pakistan Monument
1969:(national animal)
1961:(national animal)
1953:(national flower)
1857:(national anthem)
1479:978-3-489-62622-0
1454:978-0-900513-09-1
1411:Ădum, S. (1985).
1256:10.1021/jf010573a
1038:978-3-87429-298-6
901:The 1902 musical
891:Under the Deodars
842:In the stands of
602:Northern Pakistan
580:Trees growing in
568:"wood and tree".
233:
232:
83:
16:(Redirected from
2717:
2710:Ornamental trees
2630:
2629:
2617:
2616:
2604:
2603:
2591:
2590:
2578:
2577:
2565:
2564:
2552:
2551:
2539:
2538:
2526:
2525:
2524:
2498:
2497:
2485:
2484:
2472:
2471:
2459:
2458:
2446:
2445:
2433:
2432:
2420:
2419:
2407:
2406:
2397:
2396:
2387:
2386:
2374:
2373:
2361:
2360:
2351:
2350:
2338:
2337:
2335:NHMSYS0000457002
2325:
2324:
2312:
2311:
2299:
2298:
2286:
2285:
2273:
2272:
2260:
2259:
2247:
2246:
2237:
2236:
2224:
2223:
2211:
2210:
2198:
2197:
2185:
2184:
2172:
2171:
2159:
2158:
2146:
2145:
2133:
2132:
2120:
2119:
2107:
2106:
2097:
2096:
2084:
2083:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2056:
2055:
2054:
2024:
2023:
2013:
2005:
2001:Minar-e-Pakistan
1997:
1989:
1970:
1962:
1954:
1946:
1942:Chukar partridge
1938:
1919:
1911:
1903:
1884:
1876:
1867:Flag of Pakistan
1858:
1833:
1826:
1819:
1810:
1809:
1787:
1786:
1775:
1769:
1768:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1748:. Archived from
1742:
1736:
1731:
1725:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1692:
1669:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1659:
1650:. Archived from
1634:"Cedarwood Oils"
1630:
1621:
1620:
1612:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1590:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1560:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1490:
1484:
1483:
1465:
1459:
1458:
1440:
1431:
1430:
1423:
1417:
1416:
1408:
1399:
1396:
1390:
1389:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1336:
1331:
1329:
1321:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1239:
1233:
1232:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1192:(6): 1459â1461.
1181:
1175:
1174:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1115:
1109:
1108:
1084:
1078:
1077:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1024:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1010:
982:
976:
975:
973:
971:
966:
936:
884:Himachal Pradesh
743:Himachal Pradesh
661:Arnold Arboretum
657:Shalimar Gardens
590:East-Afghanistan
530:nortrachelogenin
520:, together with
447:Top view of cone
444:
432:
420:
408:
396:
381:
364:
363:
359:
356:
350:
349:
345:
342:
332:
331:
327:
324:
318:
317:
313:
310:
292:
291:
287:
217:
98:
97:
77:
72:
71:
51:Himachal Pradesh
44:
32:
31:
27:Species of plant
21:
2725:
2724:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2640:
2639:
2638:
2633:
2625:
2620:
2612:
2607:
2599:
2594:
2586:
2581:
2573:
2568:
2560:
2555:
2547:
2542:
2534:
2529:
2520:
2519:
2514:
2501:
2493:
2488:
2480:
2475:
2467:
2462:
2454:
2449:
2441:
2436:
2428:
2423:
2415:
2410:
2402:
2400:
2392:
2390:
2382:
2377:
2369:
2366:Observation.org
2364:
2356:
2354:
2346:
2341:
2333:
2328:
2320:
2315:
2307:
2302:
2294:
2289:
2281:
2276:
2268:
2263:
2255:
2250:
2242:
2240:
2232:
2227:
2219:
2214:
2206:
2201:
2193:
2188:
2180:
2175:
2167:
2162:
2154:
2149:
2141:
2136:
2128:
2123:
2115:
2110:
2102:
2100:
2092:
2087:
2079:
2074:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2050:
2049:
2044:
2031:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2003:
1995:
1987:
1973:
1968:
1960:
1952:
1945:(national bird)
1944:
1937:(national tree)
1936:
1922:
1917:
1910:(National poet)
1909:
1901:
1887:
1882:
1874:
1856:
1842:
1837:
1796:
1791:
1790:
1777:
1776:
1772:
1761:
1757:
1744:
1743:
1739:
1732:
1728:
1721:
1717:
1704:
1703:
1699:
1690:
1688:
1670:
1666:
1657:
1655:
1648:
1632:
1631:
1624:
1613:
1604:
1594:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1583:
1579:
1569:
1567:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1547:
1545:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1525:
1523:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1503:
1501:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1480:
1466:
1462:
1455:
1441:
1434:
1425:
1424:
1420:
1409:
1402:
1397:
1393:
1350:
1346:
1334:
1332:
1323:
1322:
1314:
1310:
1275:
1271:
1240:
1236:
1209:
1205:
1182:
1178:
1147:
1143:
1130:(12): 3727â30.
1116:
1112:
1085:
1081:
1050:
1046:
1039:
1025:
1018:
1008:
1006:
984:
983:
979:
969:
967:
937:
930:
925:
913:
896:Rudyard Kipling
781:
761:
713:
711:Herbal Ayurveda
688:
683:
648:Paktia Province
629:ornamental tree
625:
617:
574:
542:
522:isopimaric acid
458:
453:
452:
451:
448:
445:
436:
433:
424:
421:
412:
409:
400:
397:
388:
382:
361:
357:
354:
352:
347:
343:
340:
338:
329:
325:
322:
320:
315:
311:
308:
306:
289:
285:
284:
266:
246:Himalayan cedar
229:
219:
213:
200:
197:C. deodara
92:
84:
73:
69:
62:
49:Adult trees in
28:
23:
22:
18:Himalayan cedar
15:
12:
11:
5:
2723:
2713:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2670:Flora of Tibet
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2635:
2634:
2632:
2631:
2618:
2605:
2592:
2579:
2566:
2553:
2540:
2527:
2511:
2509:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2499:
2495:wfo-0000592532
2486:
2473:
2460:
2447:
2434:
2421:
2408:
2404:cedrus-deodara
2398:
2388:
2375:
2362:
2352:
2339:
2326:
2313:
2300:
2287:
2274:
2261:
2248:
2238:
2225:
2212:
2199:
2186:
2173:
2160:
2147:
2134:
2121:
2108:
2098:
2094:cedrus-deodara
2085:
2072:
2067:Cedrus deodara
2057:
2041:
2039:
2037:Cedrus deodara
2033:
2032:
2018:
2017:
2015:
2014:
2006:
1998:
1990:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1971:
1963:
1955:
1947:
1939:
1934:Cedrus deodara
1930:
1928:
1924:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1912:
1907:Muhammad Iqbal
1904:
1895:
1893:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1885:
1877:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1850:
1848:
1844:
1843:
1836:
1835:
1828:
1821:
1813:
1807:
1806:
1795:
1794:External links
1792:
1789:
1788:
1770:
1755:
1752:on 2016-11-28.
1737:
1726:
1715:
1697:
1664:
1646:
1622:
1602:
1577:
1555:
1533:
1511:
1485:
1478:
1460:
1453:
1432:
1418:
1400:
1391:
1364:(2): 294â297.
1344:
1335:|journal=
1308:
1289:(3): 251â257.
1269:
1250:(10): 4642â5.
1234:
1223:(6): 1319â21.
1217:Phytochemistry
1213:Cedrus deodara
1203:
1186:Phytochemistry
1176:
1141:
1120:Cedrus deodara
1110:
1093:Phytochemistry
1089:Cedrus deodara
1079:
1044:
1037:
1016:
988:Cedrus deodara
977:
943:Cedrus deodara
927:
926:
924:
921:
920:
919:
912:
909:
904:A Country Girl
780:
777:
760:
757:
712:
709:
687:
684:
682:
679:
624:
621:
616:
613:
573:
570:
546:botanical name
541:
538:
462:Cedrus deodara
457:
454:
450:
449:
446:
439:
437:
434:
427:
425:
422:
415:
413:
410:
403:
401:
398:
391:
389:
384:Young tree in
383:
376:
373:
372:
371:
268:It is a large
265:
262:
256:native to the
237:Cedrus deodara
231:
230:
220:
215:Cedrus deodara
209:
208:
202:
201:
194:
192:
188:
187:
180:
176:
175:
170:
166:
165:
160:
156:
155:
150:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
130:
123:
122:
117:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
86:
85:
67:
64:
63:
58:
55:
54:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2722:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2628:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2532:
2528:
2523:
2517:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2508:
2507:Pinus deodara
2504:
2496:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2452:
2448:
2444:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2399:
2395:
2389:
2385:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2353:
2349:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2239:
2235:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2099:
2095:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2077:
2073:
2068:
2062:
2058:
2053:
2047:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2025:
2010:
2007:
2002:
1999:
1994:
1993:Mazar-e-Quaid
1991:
1986:
1985:Faisal Mosque
1983:
1982:
1980:
1976:
1967:
1964:
1959:
1956:
1951:
1948:
1943:
1940:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1927:Other symbols
1925:
1916:
1915:Fatima Jinnah
1913:
1908:
1905:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1890:
1881:
1878:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1855:
1854:Qaumi Taranah
1852:
1851:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1834:
1829:
1827:
1822:
1820:
1815:
1814:
1811:
1804:
1803:
1798:
1797:
1784:
1780:
1774:
1766:
1759:
1751:
1747:
1741:
1735:
1730:
1724:
1719:
1711:
1707:
1701:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1668:
1654:on 2011-06-18
1653:
1649:
1647:92-5-103648-9
1643:
1639:
1635:
1629:
1627:
1618:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1587:
1581:
1565:
1559:
1543:
1537:
1521:
1515:
1499:
1497:
1496:Cedrus deodar
1489:
1481:
1475:
1471:
1464:
1456:
1450:
1446:
1439:
1437:
1428:
1422:
1414:
1407:
1405:
1395:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1348:
1340:
1327:
1319:
1312:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1273:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1238:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1207:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1180:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1157:(7): C824â9.
1156:
1152:
1145:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1114:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1083:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1054:Holzforschung
1048:
1040:
1034:
1030:
1023:
1021:
1005:
1001:
997:
996:
991:
989:
981:
965:
960:
956:
952:
951:
946:
944:
935:
933:
928:
918:
915:
914:
908:
906:
905:
899:
897:
893:
892:
887:
885:
881:
877:
876:national tree
871:
869:
868:
863:
862:
857:
853:
849:
845:
839:
837:
834:
830:
826:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
794:
790:
785:
776:
774:
770:
766:
756:
754:
750:
746:
744:
740:
736:
732:
727:
723:
721:
717:
708:
706:
702:
692:
678:
676:
672:
668:
664:
662:
658:
653:
649:
645:
640:
638:
634:
630:
620:
612:
609:
607:
603:
599:
598:Western Nepal
595:
591:
583:
578:
569:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
537:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
508:(3.14%), and
507:
506:caryophyllene
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
443:
438:
431:
426:
419:
414:
407:
402:
395:
390:
387:
380:
375:
374:
370:
368:
336:
304:
300:
296:
282:
277:
274:
271:
261:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
238:
228:
224:
218:
216:
210:
207:
206:Binomial name
203:
199:
198:
193:
190:
189:
186:
185:
181:
178:
177:
174:
171:
168:
167:
164:
161:
158:
157:
154:
151:
148:
147:
144:
141:
138:
137:
134:
131:
128:
125:
124:
121:
120:Tracheophytes
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
96:
91:
87:
81:
76:
75:Least Concern
65:
61:
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
35:Deodar cedar
33:
30:
19:
2506:
2036:
1966:Snow leopard
1933:
1847:Main symbols
1801:
1782:
1773:
1758:
1750:the original
1740:
1729:
1718:
1709:
1700:
1689:. Retrieved
1677:
1667:
1656:. Retrieved
1652:the original
1637:
1593:. Retrieved
1580:
1568:. Retrieved
1558:
1546:. Retrieved
1536:
1524:. Retrieved
1514:
1502:. Retrieved
1495:
1488:
1469:
1463:
1444:
1421:
1412:
1394:
1361:
1357:
1347:
1326:cite journal
1311:
1286:
1282:
1272:
1247:
1243:
1237:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1206:
1189:
1185:
1179:
1154:
1150:
1144:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1113:
1099:(5): 893â6.
1096:
1092:
1088:
1082:
1060:(5): 551â8.
1057:
1053:
1047:
1028:
1007:. Retrieved
993:
987:
980:
968:. Retrieved
954:
948:
942:
902:
900:
889:
888:
873:
865:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
841:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
798:
765:rope incense
762:
753:aromatherapy
747:
741:district of
728:
724:
715:
714:
697:
666:
665:
641:
626:
618:
615:Reproduction
610:
587:
565:
561:
557:
543:
526:matairesinol
518:himasecolone
461:
460:The bark of
459:
278:
267:
249:
245:
242:deodar cedar
241:
236:
235:
234:
214:
212:
196:
195:
183:
133:Gymnospermae
126:
113:
29:
2417:kew-2707322
2317:NatureServe
2229:iNaturalist
2061:Wikispecies
1996:(mausoleum)
1283:Fitoterapia
1124:Tetrahedron
970:19 November
718:is used in
623:Cultivation
550:common name
490:α-terpineol
482:cedrinoside
369:in autumn.
264:Description
2644:Categories
2601:60453340-2
2412:Plant List
2101:Calflora:
2012:(monument)
2004:(monument)
1978:Structures
1746:"Pakistan"
1691:2022-12-14
1658:2008-08-26
1570:21 January
1526:21 January
1504:21 January
923:References
880:state tree
795:, Pakistan
722:medicine.
716:C. deodara
701:houseboats
667:C. deodara
564:"god" and
504:(14.57%),
500:(17.01%),
496:(24.47%),
474:ampelopsin
470:cedeodarin
273:coniferous
139:Division:
2627:100357016
2522:Q17357490
2195:200005268
2182:200005268
1686:0362-4331
1378:0378-8741
1303:0367-326X
886:, India.
749:Cedar oil
720:Ayurvedic
652:cultivars
633:USDA zone
540:Etymology
492:(30.2%),
466:taxifolin
456:Chemistry
270:evergreen
258:Himalayas
191:Species:
153:Pinopsida
143:Pinophyta
103:Kingdom:
2622:Tropicos
2516:Wikidata
2477:VicFlora
2469:24900655
2464:Tropicos
2322:2.136824
2270:10943938
2257:676701-1
2046:Wikidata
1988:(mosque)
1779:"Shazam"
1386:21182918
1264:11600001
1171:22757704
1074:97003177
911:See also
852:Devadaru
705:Srinagar
558:devadÄru
554:Sanskrit
502:anethole
498:limonene
494:linalool
486:deodarin
299:glaucous
173:Pinaceae
169:Family:
80:IUCN 3.1
53:, India
2575:5284699
2304:MoBotPF
2208:5284698
2143:1033603
2125:Ecocrop
2052:Q146935
1958:Markhor
1875:(motto)
1595:15 June
1548:15 June
858:trees,
848:Padmaka
846:trees,
838:reads:
836:Ramayan
833:Valmiki
779:Culture
759:Incense
739:Kinnaur
644:Kashmir
584:, India
514:lignans
510:eugenol
360:⁄
346:⁄
328:⁄
314:⁄
288:⁄
179:Genus:
163:Pinales
159:Order:
149:Class:
107:Plantae
78: (
2655:Cedrus
2562:150650
2536:205594
2425:PLANTS
2384:924430
2371:116094
2355:NZOR:
2309:245529
2283:183408
2169:150649
2089:ARKive
2081:120997
1892:People
1783:Shazam
1684:
1644:
1476:
1451:
1384:
1376:
1301:
1262:
1169:
1072:
1035:
1009:24 May
861:Ravana
856:Deodar
844:Lodhra
827:, and
805:divine
801:Hindus
799:Among
737:, and
731:Shimla
604:, and
528:, (â)-
484:, and
478:cedrin
367:pollen
295:shoots
281:leaves
250:deodar
240:, the
184:Cedrus
2588:28442
2557:EUNIS
2549:4J25R
2430:CEDE2
2401:PPE:
2391:PFI:
2296:42304
2265:IRMNG
2244:13955
2241:IPA:
2234:69820
2164:EUNIS
2156:CEUDE
1589:(PDF)
1070:S2CID
854:, or
821:druid
817:durum
811:, or
809:deity
773:Tibet
769:Nepal
735:Kullu
556:term
411:Trunk
386:India
335:seeds
303:cones
254:cedar
248:, or
227:G.Don
223:Roxb.
127:Clade
114:Clade
2609:POWO
2596:IPNI
2583:GRIN
2570:GBIF
2531:APNI
2456:3295
2438:POWO
2394:8335
2348:3322
2343:NCBI
2291:IUCN
2278:ITIS
2252:IPNI
2221:9692
2216:GRIN
2203:GBIF
2151:EPPO
2130:4363
2117:S24D
2104:9302
2076:APNI
1880:Urdu
1682:ISSN
1642:ISBN
1597:2021
1572:2018
1550:2021
1528:2018
1506:2018
1474:ISBN
1449:ISBN
1382:PMID
1374:ISSN
1339:help
1299:ISSN
1260:PMID
1167:PMID
1033:ISBN
1011:2021
972:2021
955:2013
867:Sita
829:true
825:tree
813:deus
771:and
694:Wood
681:Uses
646:and
566:dÄru
562:deva
544:The
279:The
2544:CoL
2490:WFO
2451:RHS
2330:NBN
2190:FoC
2177:FNA
2138:EoL
2112:CoL
1366:doi
1362:134
1291:doi
1252:doi
1225:doi
1215:".
1194:doi
1159:doi
1132:doi
1122:".
1101:doi
1091:".
1062:doi
959:doi
882:of
767:in
703:of
673:'s
536:).
2646::
2624::
2611::
2598::
2585::
2572::
2559::
2546::
2533::
2518::
2492::
2479::
2466::
2453::
2440::
2427::
2414::
2381::
2368::
2345::
2332::
2319::
2306::
2293::
2280::
2267::
2254::
2231::
2218::
2205::
2192::
2179::
2166::
2153::
2140::
2127::
2114::
2091::
2078::
2063::
2048::
1781:.
1708:.
1680:.
1676:.
1636:.
1625:^
1605:^
1435:^
1403:^
1380:.
1372:.
1360:.
1356:.
1330::
1328:}}
1324:{{
1297:.
1287:70
1285:.
1281:.
1258:.
1248:49
1246:.
1221:20
1219:.
1190:21
1188:.
1165:.
1155:77
1153:.
1128:21
1126:.
1097:19
1095:.
1068:.
1058:63
1056:.
1019:^
1002:,
998:.
992:.
953:.
947:.
931:^
898:.
870:.
823:,
819:,
807:,
791:,
775:.
745:.
733:,
663:.
639:.
608:.
600:,
596:,
592:,
480:,
476:,
472:,
290:32
260:.
244:,
225:)
129::
116::
1832:e
1825:t
1818:v
1805:.
1785:.
1712:.
1694:.
1661:.
1619:.
1599:.
1574:.
1552:.
1530:.
1508:.
1498:"
1482:.
1457:.
1429:.
1388:.
1368::
1341:)
1337:(
1320:.
1305:.
1293::
1266:.
1254::
1231:.
1227::
1200:.
1196::
1173:.
1161::
1138:.
1134::
1107:.
1103::
1076:.
1064::
1041:.
1013:.
990:"
986:"
974:.
961::
945:"
941:"
362:4
358:1
355:+
353:2
351:â
348:2
344:1
341:+
339:1
330:2
326:1
323:+
321:3
316:4
312:3
309:+
307:2
286:1
221:(
82:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
