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McCaffrey, who, with his sons, now cultivates the old vines, producing annually about 8,000 gallons of the best vintage. One of the strangest things to be mentioned concerning this ancient vineyard is this: It has not been plowed or cultivated for 30 years. It produces a good crop of wild oats for hay year after year, but no plow is permitted to disturb the soil. The old man declines to explain how he never fails to have a full crop while his neighbors have none. Here upon the sides of an ancient old adobe building is a vine which starting near the door, divides and sends a branch in opposite directions, and after making a circuit of the building, more than 100 feet, both ends have been grafted together, forming a complete hoop around the building.
581:. Thus in the early 1800s California commercial viticulture was mostly based in Southern California. While Jean-Louis Vignes is recognized as California's first documented importer of European wine vines, planted on his land in Los Angeles in 1833. he was quickly followed by William Wolfskill, another major early wine maker in California, who purchased his first vineyard in 1838 in the Los Angeles area. By 1858 he owned 55,000 vines across 145 acres. Vignes and Wolfskill were the two major figures in California wine making in the 1830s and 1840s. Their success attracted others and increased interest in wine cultivation in Southern California.
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raised this grape for sacramental wine, but the residents of the Pueblo developed a taste for drinking wine. The fermentation process consisted of placing the grapes into a cowhide hung loosely from four trees or posts. A popular drink was the fortified wine known as
Angelica It is unknown if Reyes was the first commercial winemaker in Los Angeles, but he appears to have supported his family solely from his role in producing wine. In 1831, Reyes had the good fortune of becoming the neighbor of newly arrived French cooper and distiller Jean- Louis Vignes who would serve as a mentor to young Reyes.
1211:, Mr. Clarke writes that California "was the catalyst and then the locomotive for change that finally pried open the ancient European wineland's rigid grip on the hierarchy of quality wine and led the way in proving that there are hundreds if not thousands of places around the world where good to great wine can be made." He observes that "until the exploits of California's modern pioneers of the 1960s and '70's, no-one had ever before challenged the right of Europe's, and in particular, France's vineyards, to be regarded as the only source of great wine in the world."
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grapes, the two men worked well together and became friends with Vignes serving as a mentor to Reyes in improving the quality of the wine. The
Mission grape grew well and yielded large quantities of wine, but Vignes was not satisfied with the results even after attempting to discern if aging it would improve the taste. The common practice at the time was to drink the wine as soon as it was fermented unless it were to be made into Angelica, a fortified wine distilled similarly to Port. Vignes decided it was necessary to import better vines from Bordeaux,
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728:, a Hungarian soldier, merchant and promoter, made several trips to import cuttings from 165 of the greatest European vineyards to California. Some of this endeavor was at his personal expense and some through grants from the state. Considered one of the founders of the California wine industry, Haraszthy contributed his enthusiasm and optimism for the future of wine, along with considerable personal effort and risk. He founded
527:. Journals kept at San Juan Capistrano show that between May 1779 and 1781, the padres supervised six campesinos from Baja California in planting 2,000 grapevines at the mission. The first winery in Alta California was built in San Juan Capistrano in 1783; both red and white wines (sweet and dry), brandy, and a port-like fortified wine called Angelica were all produced from the Mission grape. Father Serra founded eight other
637:(whose population grew from 1,000 to 25,000 between January 1848 and December 1849). This resulted in a significant increase in demand for wine and spurred wine production in the area within 100 miles of San Francisco. In the earlies 1850, local wineries mainly supplied gold miners. The 1850s saw planting and wine production expand in earnest in many parts of Northern California, including in
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Vignes' European
Bordeaux grapes that would flourish in the fertile Santa Monica Canyon. The exact date of Vignes first vintage from the European vines is unknown. However, it was may have been 1837, because in 1857 he ran an advertisement claiming that some of his wines were 20 years old. The wood for the barrels came from land Vignes owned in the
997:. The science teacher was a fast learner and soon established Christian Brothers as one of the leading brands in the state's budding wine industry; Brother Timothy's smiling face in advertisements and promotional materials became one of the most familiar images for wine consumers across the country.
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and began making his own wine. Originally a
Prussian political dissident, Krug learned the trade of the vintner as an apprentice to Haraszthy in the Sonoma Valley. The land on which Krug founded his winery was part of his wife's (Carolina Bale's) dowry. Krug became an important leader of winemaking
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In 1829, 17 acres of
Mission Grape vines were planted in Pueblo de Los Angeles by Ysidro Reyes, (grandson of Juan Francisco Reyes the 3rd & 5th Alcade de Pueblo) Ysidro Reyes had been born at Mission San Gabriel where he had learned to cultivate and ferment this hardy grape. All of the Missions
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who grew quality vines, and the first who aged his wines. By the time Ysidro Reyes left Pueblo de Los
Angeles in 1839 to plant the vineyard of his newly awarded Rancho Boca de Santa Monica, he had become a skilled vintner, with an excellent source for aging barrels and a wagon load of grafts from
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The oldest vineyard in
California is the San Jose Vineyard situated under the mountains in Santa Barbara county, between Goléta and San Marcos Pass. It was the property of the Church up to 1853, when it was sold by the Archbishop of the Los Angeles Diocese to an eccentric old pioneer named James
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tree found near the entrance. He planted a vineyard and started preparing to make wine. Vignes's early experiments, while waiting for his own vines to mature, were with his neighbor Ysidro Reyes' newly producing vineyards. During the three years that it took for Vignes' vines to begin producing
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was the oldest winery in
California and the site is designated as a California Historical Landmark designated July 31, 1953. The historic wine production site in Santa Clara County was situated on the eastern slopes of the Santa Cruz Mountains where today resides winemakers and growers of the
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Through a loophole allowing each home to "make 200 gallons of non-intoxicating cider and fruit juice per year," thousands of otherwise law-abiding citizens became home winemakers and bootleggers. Prices for fresh grapes shot up, because of the increased demand and a railroad shortage of
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By the time of
National Repeal, effective December 5, 1933, the industry was in ruins. Although some wineries managed to survive by obtaining permits to make wines used for medicinal, sacramental and non-beverage additive purposes, production dropped 94% from 1919 to 1925.
874:, the American wine industry was flourishing. By 1900, America had a fully developed and proud commercial wine producing business. Many California wines received medals in European competitions. Barrels of California wine were being regularly exported to Australia,
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the
European vinifera vines onto American riparia rootsocks. So, there began a long, laborious process of grafting every wine vine in Europe over to American rootstocks. It was only in this manner that the European wine industry could be retrieved from extinction.
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In 1840, Jean-Louis Vignes made the first recorded shipment of California wine. The Los Angeles market was too small for his production, and he loaded a shipment on the Monsoon, bound for Northern California. By 1842, he made regular shipments to
1008:. It was the first new large-scale winery to be established in the valley since before prohibition. Following the establishment of the Mondavi estate, the number of wineries in the valley continued to grow, as did the region's reputation.
597:, was the most extensive vineyard in California. Vignes owned over 40,000 vines and produced 150,000 bottles, or 1000 barrels, per year. As a prominent citizen of Los Angeles, Jean-Louis Vignes met and entertained such well known men as
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was conducted 20 months after the seminal Paris Wine Tasting. Spurrier flew in from Paris to participate in the evaluations, which were held at the Vintners Club. The California wines swept the rankings in both red and white categories.
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left France for California, and ended up becoming winemaker at Almaden Vineyards and Wine company, leading to his other pioneering wine and champagne vintner pursuits in the Santa Clara Valley and Santa Cruz Mountains.
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markets along with the company's other labels have attracted new entry level wine consumers to the fold but also has alienated many of the smaller vintners in the state by placing some downward pressure on pricing.
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Wine critics argued that French reds would age better than the California reds, so this was tested. The same red vintages judged in 1976 were submitted on the tenth anniversary of the Paris Wine Tasting at the
1163:. White wines were not evaluated on the belief that they were past their prime. At both events, a California vintage was declared champion, while the French entries received lower rankings than 1976.
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Upon arriving in Los Angeles in 1831, Jean Louis Vignes had bought and cultivated 104 acres of land located between the original Pueblo and the banks of the Los Angeles River. He named his property
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Growers began replanting fine wine variety vineyards to juice grape varieties that shipped well. The massive plantings produced a constant surplus of low-quality grapes that persisted until 1971.
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was also very instrumental in the creation of the modern wine industry. After an earlier career as a teacher, he transferred to the order's Mont La Salle located on Mount Veeder in the
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Prohibition left a legacy of distorting the role of alcohol in American life and ruining a fledgling world-class wine industry, which took decades of work to overcome. Research at the
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1139:, general manager/part owner of Chateau Montelena said: "Not bad for kids from the sticks." The 1976 event led to expanding the recognition and prestige of vintners in the
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1969:
906:. Thirty-three states had gone dry at the outbreak of World War I. Wartime Prohibition was enacted in 1919, followed by the Volstead National Prohibition Act and the
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has a long and continuing history, and in the late twentieth century became recognized as producing some of the world's finest wine. While wine is made in all fifty
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By the late 1960s and early 1970s, the quality of some California wines was outstanding but few took notice as the market favored French brands. On May 24, 1976, a
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greatly assisted the new breed of vintners who arrived in California in the 1960s and who were committed to producing wine of the highest international standards.
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572:. The vines transited around Cape Horn. To preserve their roots during the long trip, they were inserted in moss and potato slices. Vignes became the first
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633:, triggered the wine industry of California. The Gold Rush brought an influx of people to Northern California, many of whom arrived and settled in
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is indigenous to North America and native vine varieties had developed resistance. European vines had no such evolutionary protection. By 1865,
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1044:, etc.). Robert Mondavi was one of the first to label the majority of his wines by varietal names and was tireless in promoting the practice.
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in 1935 to become the wine chemist for the order's expanding wine operations. The Christian Brothers had grown grapes since 1882 made wine in
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In 1863, species of native American grapes were taken to Botanical Gardens in England. These cuttings carried a species of root louse called
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California had 713 bonded wineries before Prohibition; it took more than half a century, until 1986, before that many were again operating.
531:. Hence, he has been called the "Father of California Wine". The variety he planted, presumably descended from Spain, became known as the
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625:(1848–1855) had a major effect on the geography, economy, and history of wine growing in California. The discovery of gold in 1848 at
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950:(BV) founder and owner Georges de Latour hired Tchelisticheff in 1938. He introduced several new techniques and procedures, such as
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is produced in the state. California would be the fourth largest producer of wine in the world if it were an independent nation.
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vintages, six Californians and four French, the California wines placed three of the top four. Six of the nine judges ranked
1015:, a prominent journalist and wine writer of the 1950s and 1960s introduced the German idea of labeling wines using varietal (
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1977:
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the story and historical documents re. Charles Krug, Jacob Beringer/Beringer Bros., and Cesare/Robert Mondavi (in German)
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613:. His wine was drunk all over California and samples were sent to President Tyler in Washington, D.C. and to France.
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style winery in the USA. Captain Niebaum's wines became world-renowned. His Inglenook wines won gold medals at the
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Southern California Wine & Wine Industry Collection at Cal Poly Pomona University Library Special Collections
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to the U.S. Constitution in 1920, forbidding the "manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors."
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1123:' '73 vintage ranked number one. George Taber, the sole journalist who attended the event, penned the article
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Californian Burgundy, 1906 poster from the London wine merchants showing a bottle on Glacier Point, Yosemite
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Although conflicting accounts exist, the first recorded planting of a vineyard was probably by the Spanish
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The Judgment of Paris: California vs France and the Historic 1976 Paris Tasting That Revolutionized Wine
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Some California wine makers began to produce quality wines but still had difficulty marketing them.
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Newer regions, producing award-winning wines, have entered the California wine industry, including
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results with the California wines sweeping primer French vintages according to local judges. As
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has caused recent waves in the business of California wine marketing. The company's low priced
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1196:. Five Californian reds finished in the top spots before the highest-ranked Bordeaux, a 1970
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who previously had worked for Agoston Haraszthy and Patchett founded his namesake winery in
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In the 1870s, El Dorado County was California's third-largest wine-producing area. In 1879
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As home to both Buena Vista winery, California's second-oldest commercial winery, and
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Gold Seal "Champagne" California sparkling wine made by A. Finke's Widow, 1892 ad in
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San Francisco Alta, July 31, 1882. Reprinted from the New York Times, August 8, 1882
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1889 advertisement for California wine by J. Gundlach & Co. of the Sonoma Valley
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1427:(Exploring San Jose Winery, Sipping Angelica, and Tasting in De la Guerra’s Bodega)
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is generally credited with ushering in the modern era of winemaking in California.
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701:. The winery is no longer in operation and the Almaden Vineyards company moved to
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The Tasting that Changed the Wine World: 'The Judgment of Paris' 30th Anniversary
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wine connoisseur, merchant and founder of France's first private wine school,
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nearly all the vineyards of Europe. Many methods were attempted to eradicate
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1508:. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. pp. 11–20.
1119:, six Californians and four French, were sniffed, sipped, swished and spat,
681:. Many of these are still major centers of wine cultivation and production.
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1949:
1541:. The American Historical Society. Chicago and New York 1923. Page 31
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broke away from his family's Charles Krug estate to found his own in
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Vineyards, rocks, and soils : the wine lover's guide to geology
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The destruction of the American wine industry would come not from
1737:"When the valley met the vine: A perfect storm, and the big five"
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in 1683 implanting the first variety named "Misionéro". In 1779,
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1631:(Urban vintners, tasting rooms make their mark in San Francisco)
1474:. Fourth Edition. Dawson's Book Shop, Los Angeles 1984. Page 200
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in 1854 and established the first winery there in 1858. In 1861
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Vines in the Sun: A Journey Through the California Vineyards.
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event in the viticulture industry occurred to celebrate the
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is known as the birthplace of the California wine industry.
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barrels, cold fermentation, vineyard frost prevention, and
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and dominated California wine production until about 1880.
2010:
Puckette, Madeline; Hammack, Justin (September 22, 2015).
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During the period when the Europeans were contending with
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planted a small vineyard in Napa Valley in the mid-1830s,
1654:. Office of Historic Preservation, California State Parks
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event organized by Steven Spurrier, on both sides of the
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In the early 21st century, vintners have begun reviving
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missionaries under the direction of the Spanish Father
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which attacks and feeds on the vine roots and leaves.
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2735:
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives
1967:
1676:"John Patchett: Introducing one of Napa's pioneers"
1501:
751:winery, California's oldest family-run winery, the
54:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1945:"California reds win by a nose in tasting rematch"
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1704:
1674:
1331:
1204:' 1971 Monte Bello received the number one honor.
967:Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools
1943:Hamilton, Alan; Sanderson, David (May 25, 2006).
1942:
1767:"The hidden figures behind the Judgment of Paris"
1323:
1180:, occurring simultaneously on 24 May 2006 at the
1079:where renown French oenophiles participated in a
914:refrigerated freight cars in which to ship them.
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1838:
2009:
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1461:William Morrow and Co. New York, 1949. Page 212
2018:. Penguin Publishing Group. pp. 214–215.
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828:but all proved temporary and none economical.
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1424:"Santa Barbara's Ancient Wines, Then and Now"
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1033:names borrowed from famous European regions (
779:in the Napa Valley. He was also a mentor for
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1472:Sixty Years in Southern California 1853-1913
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1607:) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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1554:John Howell. San Francisco. 1929. Page 120
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1832:
791:, all of whom became important vintners.
766:planted the first commercial vineyard in
617:Wine industry during California Gold Rush
114:Learn how and when to remove this message
1970:"California wine gets back to its roots"
1758:
793:
732:and promoted vine planting over much of
712:
127:
2016:Wine Folly: The Essential Guide to Wine
1910:
1858:
1790:Taber, George M. (September 13, 2005).
1779:from the original on February 14, 2019.
1733:
1486:
1298:
1099:regions. After the judges compared ten
835:, a horticulturist in Texas, suggested
2753:
1867:"The Day California Wines Came of Age"
1854:from the original on November 8, 2015.
1702:
1646:
1644:
1505:The California Wine Industry 1830-1895
1362:
544:
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1968:van der Vink, Julia (July 24, 2013).
1706:"A peek at Napa Valley's hidden past"
1564:
1562:
1560:
1192:, Britain's oldest wine merchant, in
1157:French Institute Wine Tasting of 1986
744:for casks when oak supplies ran low.
491:Vineyards during Spanish colonization
2004:Oz Clarke's New encyclopedia of Wine
1673:Brennan, Nancy (November 21, 2010).
1569:Maltman, Alex, 1944- (May 3, 2018).
1439:from the original on October 4, 2020
1356:
1209:Oz Clarke's New encyclopedia of Wine
52:adding citations to reliable sources
23:
1765:Mobley, Esther (October 24, 2018).
1641:
1628:"S.F. becomes the new Wine Country"
1330:MacNeil, Karen (February 1, 2000).
1161:Wine Spectator Wine Tasting of 1986
483:, up to 90% (by some estimates) of
13:
1996:
1557:
1528:Foucrier, Annick. Op. Cit. Page 53
1483:Foucrier, Annick. Op. Cit. Page 62
1148:San Francisco Wine Tasting of 1978
1143:, specifically, the Golden State.
938:
416:Bibliography of California history
14:
2787:
2090:
2033:
1839:Taber, George M. (June 7, 1976).
1734:Gaughan, Timothy (July 3, 2009).
1703:Heeger, Jack (December 7, 2004).
1552:Seventy Five Years in California.
1329:
929:University of California at Davis
1746:. Napa, CA: Lee Enterprises, Inc
1715:. Napa, CA: Lee Enterprises, Inc
1422:Kettmann, Matt (April 5, 2018).
904:Prohibition in the United States
705:. In 1878, pioneering winemaker
599:General William Tecumseh Sherman
431:
161:
28:
1961:
1936:
1892:
1865:Peterson, Thane (May 8, 2001).
1727:
1696:
1666:
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1522:
1338:. Workman Publishing. pp.
39:needs additional citations for
2766:Economic history of California
1919:
1822:
1789:
1477:
1464:
1451:
1403:Modugno, Tom (June 22, 2015).
1387:
893:
719:Pacific Wine and Spirit Review
1:
1637:. Hearst Communications, Inc.
1539:History of Los Angeles County
1291:
1222:which is sold exclusively by
965:Brother Timothy; a member of
820:. Over the next 20 years, it
593:and San Francisco. By 1849,
2776:Food and drink in California
2730:American Vineyard Foundation
2045:Californian Wine Regions Map
1626:Bonné, Jon (July 19, 2009).
1502:Carosso, Vincent P. (1951).
1369:Professional Friends of Wine
63:"History of California wine"
7:
1306:"Discover California Wines"
1286:History of California bread
1264:
1107:'s '73 vintage number one;
525:Mission San Juan Capistrano
519:planted California's first
421:Bibliography of Los Angeles
183:Province of Las Californias
10:
2792:
2718:American Viticultural Area
2006:. NY: Harcourt Brace, 1999
1405:"Goleta's Oldest Building"
1076:Paris Wine Tasting of 1976
1053:United States Bicentennial
1000:In 1965, Napa Valley icon
17:
2771:Agriculture in California
2710:
2649:
2599:
2359:
2098:
1432:Santa Barbara Independent
1310:California Wine Institute
1244:Red Hills Lake County AVA
1234:county in the south, the
1198:Château Mouton-Rothschild
1117:Cabernet Sauvignons (red)
1091:and France's prestigious
1089:California's wine regions
1537:McGroarty, John Steven.
1251:heirloom grape varieties
1121:Stag's Leap Wine Cellars
1113:Spring Mountain Vineyard
724:In the 1850s and 1860s,
579:San Bernardino Mountains
559:after the centuries-old
20:History of American wine
1772:San Francisco Chronicle
1131:magazine reporting the
960:malolactic fermentation
933:Fresno State University
857:Napa County, California
845:Captain Gustave Niebaum
822:inhabited and decimated
816:had spread to vines in
738:non-irrigated vineyards
611:Thomas ap Catesby Jones
2624:Twenty-first Amendment
1550:Davis, William Heath.
1271:Wineries in California
1190:Berry Bros. & Rudd
853:Rutherford, California
799:
721:
695:Santa Clara Valley AVA
542:
501:Eusebio Francisco Kino
198:Conquest of California
133:
2641:Vine and Olive Colony
2040:The Judgment of Paris
1906:on February 10, 2015.
1798:. Scribner. pp.
1712:American Canyon Eagle
1276:California cult wines
1214:Fred Franzia and his
995:repeal of Prohibition
797:
716:
684:Established in 1852,
537:
438:California portal
393:Santa Catalina Island
131:
18:Further information:
2619:Eighteenth Amendment
2055:Napa Valley Wine Co.
1743:Napa Valley Register
1682:Napa Valley Register
1083:to compare the best
1006:Oakville, California
979:Martinez, California
859:). It was the first
855:a small village (in
623:California Gold Rush
208:California Gold Rush
48:improve this article
1980:on February 2, 2017
1880:on October 18, 2007
1841:"Judgment of Paris"
1375:on January 11, 2017
1365:"Wine 101: History"
1216:Bronco Wine Company
1101:Chardonnays (white)
971:Mayacamas Mountains
944:André Tchelistcheff
878:, Central America,
734:Northern California
607:William Heath Davis
545:Early wine industry
529:California missions
388:San Fernando Valley
203:Interim governments
193:California Republic
1957:on March 11, 2007.
1111:came in third and
1071:Patricia Gallagher
985:they legally made
948:Beaulieu Vineyards
867:of Paris in 1889.
800:
730:Buena Vista Winery
722:
703:Madera, California
690:Santa Clara Valley
686:Old Almaden Winery
134:
2748:
2747:
2561:St. Vincent grape
2025:978-0-399-57596-9
1809:978-0-7432-4751-1
1582:978-0-19-086329-6
1470:Newmark, Harris,
1349:978-1-56305-434-1
1236:Santa Ynez Valley
1220:Charles Shaw wine
1168:pearl anniversary
1125:Judgment of Paris
1115:fourth. When ten
1105:Chateau Montelena
1062:L’Academie du Vin
1013:Frank Schoonmaker
749:Gundlach Bundschu
726:Agoston Haraszthy
699:Almaden Vineyards
472:
471:
124:
123:
116:
98:
2783:
2442:Gamay Beaujolais
2085:
2078:
2071:
2062:
2061:
2029:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1976:. Archived from
1965:
1959:
1958:
1953:. Archived from
1940:
1934:
1917:
1908:
1907:
1902:. Archived from
1896:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1879:
1873:. Archived from
1862:
1856:
1855:
1845:
1836:
1830:
1820:
1814:
1813:
1797:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1762:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1739:
1731:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1708:
1700:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1678:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1652:"Almaden Winery"
1648:
1639:
1638:
1632:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1602:
1594:
1575:. New York, NY.
1566:
1555:
1548:
1542:
1535:
1529:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1499:
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1481:
1475:
1468:
1462:
1455:
1449:
1448:
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1444:
1428:
1419:
1413:
1412:
1400:
1394:
1391:
1385:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1371:. Archived from
1360:
1354:
1353:
1337:
1327:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1302:
1200:, placed sixth.
1186:Napa, California
1174:, was entitled,
1109:Chalone Vineyard
1073:, organized the
1069:, with American
987:sacramental wine
849:Inglenook Winery
833:Thomas V. Munson
659:El Dorado County
631:El Dorado County
505:MisiĂłn San Bruno
464:
457:
450:
436:
435:
434:
165:
154:
136:
135:
119:
112:
108:
105:
99:
97:
56:
32:
24:
2791:
2790:
2786:
2785:
2784:
2782:
2781:
2780:
2761:California wine
2751:
2750:
2749:
2744:
2706:
2645:
2595:
2524:Rogers' Hybrids
2360:Grape cultivars
2355:
2094:
2089:
2036:
2026:
1999:
1997:Further reading
1994:
1993:
1983:
1981:
1966:
1962:
1941:
1937:
1918:
1911:
1900:"Vintners Club"
1898:
1897:
1893:
1883:
1881:
1878:(Movable Feast)
1877:
1863:
1859:
1844:(Modern Living)
1843:
1837:
1833:
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1810:
1788:
1784:
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1701:
1697:
1687:
1685:
1671:
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1642:
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1624:
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1596:
1595:
1583:
1567:
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1549:
1545:
1536:
1532:
1527:
1523:
1516:
1500:
1487:
1482:
1478:
1469:
1465:
1457:Idwall, Jones.
1456:
1452:
1442:
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1426:
1420:
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1328:
1324:
1314:
1312:
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1299:
1294:
1267:
1232:Temecula Valley
1202:Ridge Vineyards
1194:London, England
1067:Steven Spurrier
941:
939:Wine revolution
896:
785:Charles Wetmore
619:
570:Sauvignon blanc
547:
509:Baja California
493:
476:California wine
468:
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369:
274:
188:Alta California
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152:
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109:
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2789:
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2301:South Carolina
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2034:External links
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1409:Goleta History
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1334:The Wine Bible
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1289:
1288:
1283:
1281:Wine Institute
1278:
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1255:Trousseau Gris
1246:in the north.
1172:Atlantic Ocean
1029:) rather than
1002:Robert Mondavi
993:following the
940:
937:
908:18th Amendment
895:
892:
789:Jacob Beringer
740:and suggested
655:Trinity County
618:
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566:Cabernet Franc
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517:JunĂpero Serra
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2099:Wine by state
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2092:American wine
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2017:
2013:
2008:
2005:
2002:Clarke, Oz.,
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1871:Business Week
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1848:TIME Magazine
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1081:blind tasting
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764:John Patchett
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59:Find sources:
53:
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37:This article
35:
31:
26:
25:
21:
16:
2711:Other topics
2692:South Dakota
2629:Volstead Act
2608:
2487:Minnesota 78
2397:Cayuga White
2306:South Dakota
2296:Rhode Island
2291:Pennsylvania
2271:North Dakota
2015:
2012:"California"
2003:
1982:. Retrieved
1978:the original
1973:
1963:
1955:the original
1948:
1938:
1920:Taber (2005)
1904:the original
1894:
1882:. Retrieved
1875:the original
1870:
1860:
1847:
1834:
1823:Taber (2005)
1818:
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2507:Olmo grapes
2472:La Crescent
2221:Mississippi
2136:Connecticut
1658:October 14,
1137:Jim Barrett
983:Prohibition
894:Prohibition
768:Napa Valley
707:Paul Masson
667:Napa County
663:Lake County
647:Yuba County
639:Santa Clara
561:white alder
499:Missionary
481:U.S. states
305:Los Angeles
178:Before 1900
151:History of
2755:Categories
2687:New Mexico
2682:New Jersey
2609:California
2571:Traminette
2422:Corot noir
2336:Washington
2256:New Mexico
2251:New Jersey
2126:California
1688:January 4,
1591:1023575788
1292:References
1253:, such as
1242:, and the
1022:Chardonnay
1018:Pinot noir
956:French Oak
952:aging wine
900:phylloxera
890:and Asia.
872:phylloxera
826:phylloxera
814:phylloxera
810:Phylloxera
805:phylloxera
781:Karl Wente
776:St. Helena
574:Californio
513:Franciscan
330:Sacramento
240:Newspapers
213:Since 1900
153:California
74:newspapers
2566:St. Pepin
2544:Massasoit
2482:Marquette
2477:La Crosse
2457:Jaeger 70
2452:Ives noir
2437:Frontenac
2432:Edelweiss
2412:Chardonel
2367:Alexander
2346:Wisconsin
2311:Tennessee
2216:Minnesota
2191:Louisiana
1950:The Times
1599:cite book
1259:Valdiguié
1188:, and at
1141:New World
1049:watershed
981:. During
954:in small
902:but from
758:Although
340:San Diego
325:Riverside
250:Railroads
104:July 2013
2740:Meritage
2702:Virginia
2677:Missouri
2667:Illinois
2650:Wineries
2634:Vine-Glo
2586:Vignoles
2576:Thomcord
2467:Lakemont
2462:Kay Gray
2427:Delaware
2331:Virginia
2281:Oklahoma
2261:New York
2236:Nebraska
2226:Missouri
2211:Michigan
2201:Maryland
2186:Kentucky
2166:Illinois
2141:Delaware
2131:Colorado
2121:Arkansas
1984:July 27,
1884:July 19,
1852:Archived
1777:Archived
1437:Archived
1379:April 6,
1315:July 11,
1265:See also
1159:and the
1133:shocking
1097:Burgundy
1093:Bordeaux
1036:Burgundy
1026:Riesling
973:west of
861:Bordeaux
837:grafting
831:Finally
818:Provence
679:Stockton
595:El Aliso
591:Monterey
556:El Aliso
521:vineyard
398:Yosemite
383:Bay Area
350:San Jose
320:Piedmont
315:Pasadena
265:Eugenics
255:Highways
230:Maritime
142:a series
140:Part of
2601:History
2539:Herbert
2512:Royalty
2492:Niagara
2417:Clinton
2407:Concord
2402:Cassady
2392:Catawba
2351:Wyoming
2326:Vermont
2231:Montana
2171:Indiana
2151:Georgia
2146:Florida
2116:Arizona
2106:Alabama
1974:Fortune
1800:306–308
1340:636–643
1238:in the
1057:British
1042:, Rhine
1040:Chablis
884:Germany
880:England
742:redwood
374:Regions
365:Visalia
310:Oakland
290:Anaheim
260:Slavery
170:Periods
88:scholar
2672:Kansas
2534:Goethe
2502:Noiret
2497:Norton
2447:Himrod
2372:Agawam
2286:Oregon
2241:Nevada
2181:Kansas
2156:Hawaii
2111:Alaska
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1635:SFGate
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888:Mexico
876:Canada
677:, and
675:Merced
497:Jesuit
300:Fresno
280:Cities
221:Topics
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2529:Flora
2519:Onaka
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2161:Idaho
1922:, pp.
1182:Copia
1087:from
1085:wines
295:Chico
245:Bread
95:JSTOR
81:books
2723:list
2697:Utah
2377:Beta
2321:Utah
2276:Ohio
2176:Iowa
2020:ISBN
1986:2013
1886:2006
1804:ISBN
1752:2011
1721:2011
1690:2011
1660:2012
1613:link
1609:link
1605:link
1587:OCLC
1577:ISBN
1510:ISBN
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1381:2007
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1257:and
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