History of Formula One

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season (15) and the most championship points (392). After a slow start to the 2012 season, Vettel won 4 races in a row and challenged Fernando Alonso and Ferrari all the way through. Eventually, the German Vettel took the lead from the Spanish Alonso and Vettel opened up a 13-point gap come the last round in Brazil. Vettel won his third consecutive Drivers' title after finishing 6th at Interlagos, while Alonso finished 2nd. 2013 also went Vettel's way: the superiority of the Red Bull in race trim allowed the German to open up a small lead early in the season, and starting with the Belgian Grand Prix (after F1's 4-week summer break), the superiority of the Red Bull car began to show. The British-based Austrian team had developed an engine-mapping system that gave their car a type of traction control (actual traction control systems are illegal), and Vettel used this to his considerable advantage. He won in Belgium and after that, the rest of the remaining races in the season (9 races total). The German and the Red Bull team simply ran away with the Drivers' and Constructors' Championships, both of which they won in India – Vettel won his 4th consecutive Drivers' Championship there. Come the Korean round, 2 rounds before the Indian one, Red Bull had developed a special aerodynamic diffuser that gave the cars a considerable cornering advantage. Vettel and his Australian teammate Mark Webber were leading 1–2 for most of those 9 races, and the cars often qualified in the top 3 grid spots; and when they qualified 1–2, it was often by considerable amounts of time.

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open-wheel racing cars had overtaken the industrial manufacturing powers such as Ferrari, Mercedes, Maserati and Alfa Romeo. The only major automotive manufacturer with a full works effort was Ferrari- which was really a manufacturer that made road cars to fund its racing in F1 and endurance racing. Whereas the big continental manufacturers, with much money to spend, built the whole car including the drivetrain systems themselves, (excluding BRM), the British teams, with only limited amounts of money only built their chassis; they bought their engines and gearboxes from independent manufacturers such as Coventry-Climax and later Ford/Cosworth engines, and Hewland gearboxes. The only British team that was also a manufacturer of road cars like Ferrari was Lotus; but even so, that company grew considerably but never to the size of Mercedes or Alfa Romeo. From 1957 to 1961, Formula One had transformed from a scattershot industrial manufacturer sideshow of technology to a seriously competitive business for team owners and engineers wanting to come up with new technologies to out-do the opposition and also to sell their technology to big manufacturers or other interested parties. People like Cooper and Lotus founders John Cooper and Colin Chapman proved that competitiveness and developing new automotive technology was about fresh thinking, not industrial might. These British teams were regularly beating manufacturer teams like Ferrari, whom company founder

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to create downforce, meaning there is less drag and dirty air behind the car. This promotes closer racing as it allows attacking cars to get up closer to the leading car, increasing the number of risky overtakes per race. This is done by simplifying the exterior of the car and instead using the floor to generate downforce, instead of sending air outwards or under the car into the diffuser. A newer front wing is designed to prevent outwash. Ground effect features in the car also allow the car to follow leading cars better by decreasing the effect of dirty air on its downforce. Bargeboards were eliminated and a newer front wing with simpler endplates to decrease the complexity of aerodynamic components. The front wings were also required to directly attach to the nosecone, which has an increased height. The wider rear wings are mounted higher, and regulations limit the teams' ability to use exhaust gases to increase downforce. The number of aerodynamic upgrades a team can make to the car was decreased, to cut the costs of competing. Although the cars used the same 1.6-litre turbocharged V6 hybrid engines from the previous era, the engines also included new sensors and standard components. This increases the FIA's ability to monitor the power units. However, there were changes made to the type of fuel in the engines. In 2022, the percentage of bio-components in fuel increased from 5.75% in previous years to 10%, moving to E10 (

3145:. In December 2005, the FIA announced that from the 2008 season, there would be only one tyre-supplier. Five days later, Michelin announced it would quit Formula One at the end of the 2006 season, leaving Bridgestone as the sole supplier from 2007. Renault and Fernando Alonso established early leads in both the Constructors' and Drivers' Championships. By mid-season, Ferrari appeared to be making a comeback. The Italian Grand Prix saw Schumacher reduce Alonso's lead to only two points as Alonso suffered an engine failure. The race also saw Ferrari pull ahead of Renault for the first time in 2006. The race results were largely overshadowed by Schumacher announcing, during the post-race press conference, that he would retire at the end of the season. An engine failure for Schumacher at the Japanese Grand Prix, along with costly puncture in the final round in Brazil allowed Alonso to secure the Drivers' Championship for the second year running, with Renault also securing the Constructors' Championship. 2316:. The V10 and V12 engines produced by the Japanese manufacturer proved to be just as good as the turbo V6s before them, and the V10 was the best engine over the two seasons it was used and developed by Honda. The championship was marred however by the fierce rivalry between the two men, culminating in a pair of clashes at the Japanese Grands Prix of 1989 and 1990. They both dominated Formula One from 1988 to 1990, winning 37 of the 48 Grand Prix staged and each scoring almost twice as many points as the third-place driver in those championships. In 1989 Prost 'closed the door' on his overtaking teammate while Senna later freely admitted to deliberately driving into Prost in the 1990 race, drawing stiff condemnation from all quarters of Formula One. Senna, however, was more concerned with the threat (and opportunity) afforded by the resurgent Williams, now powered by Renault (the French giant's innovative engine technology resulted in major progress) and designed by aerodynamics genius 2141:-powered Brabham team of Bernie Ecclestone, was the first-ever won by a turbocharged engine. By 1983, the dispute between FISA and FOCA had been resolved and although FOCA emerged with the stronger hand, the teams had seen the writing on the wall. Renault had proven in 1979 and 1980 that turbo-charged engines were a more efficient means of getting more performance from the powertrain with the FIA regulations. The turbo cars were faster on almost all of the high speed (Hockenheim, Österreichring, Monza, Silverstone) and high-altitude tracks (Interlagos, Kyalami), but by 1982, the turbo cars were fastest just about everywhere. The 1982 season made it obvious to all the competing Formula One teams that turbocharged engines were the way to go if anyone wanted to be competitive in Formula 1. By 1983, the reliability of the turbo-charged engines had been ironed out and made more reliable, and in 1984, only 3079:-era in Formula One. To keep costs down, the configuration had been made mandatory in 2000 (although only V10s had been in use since 1998, Toyota were planning on entering Formula One with a V12 and had to delay their entry by a year to redesign) so that engine builders would not develop and experiment with other configurations. Over this period, the statistics show the supremacy of the Renault and Ferrari engines, with Renault clinching six Constructors and five Drivers' Championships as engine suppliers for Williams and Benetton from 1992 to 1997, and their first-ever Drivers' and Constructors' Championships in a 100% Renault car in 2005. Ferrari also enjoyed great success in the V10 era, winning six Constructors' Championships and five Drivers' Championships from 1999 to 2004. 2788: 3295:

previous year but it remained too experimental; all of the teams' KERS systems needed more development, so none of them would be ready for 2009. Due to the global economic recession, many more rule changes were brought in to reduce the cost of participating in Formula One. Initially a standardised engine was proposed, but this idea was rejected by the teams, who came up with their own cost-cutting measures. These included a huge reduction in testing times and an increase in the required engine and gearbox mileage. Many teams voiced concerns over the cost of KERS and have suggested a standardised unit, but so far no such opportunity exists. The new rules and regulations saw a new order in 2009, with new teams

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increase in the size of the cockpit opening (to ensure driver egress was easy and to minimise possible side head impacts), introducing grooved tyres (to reduce cornering speeds by reducing grip) and narrower bodywork (this would complicate cooling and also reduce cornering speed), raising and reducing wing sizes and elements (cutting aerodynamic downforce, thus reducing cornering speed), and introducing comprehensive checks on stiffness tolerances and measurements to ensure cars conformed completely with the regulations (for example, weight tests on wings and bodywork to ensure that they maintained integrity and did not flex to give an aerodynamic advantage in a straight line).

1850: 813:, killing 83 people, was also a significant factor. The company would not return to Formula One for forty years. After Le Mans, four of the year's remaining Grands Prix were cancelled. The Monaco Grand Prix saw a spectacular incident when Ascari and his Lancia crashed into the harbour after missing a chicane. Ascari was pulled out of the water alive and apparently well. However, there was speculation over an undetected internal injury when four days later Ascari was killed at Monza while testing a sportscar. After Ascari's death, Lancia followed Mercedes out of the category, passing their engines, cars, information and technology to Ferrari. The 1507:

fuel tanks but the FIA decided to ban the technology for 1970. For 1969 Matra made the radical decision to withdraw its works team and build a new car using structural tanks for the Tyrrell team, even though it would be eligible for only a single season. The 1969 season started with cars using larger and more sophisticated wings than the previous year. When both Lotus cars broke their wings' struts and crashed at the Spanish Grand Prix, the FIA banned wings for the next race at Monaco. They were reintroduced later in the season but were to be restricted in size and height and attached directly to the chassis in a fixed position.

19: 2997: 3454: 1671: 3265: 3819: 902:, despite having many more wins than Hawthorn, lost the championship by one point. It was high sportsmanship that cost Moss the 1958 title. When Hawthorn was threatened with disqualification at the finish of the Portuguese Grand Prix for going in the wrong direction (to restart his car following a spin), Moss argued to stewards on Hawthorn's behalf. The points granted Hawthorn were the difference in the championship. This season also saw a woman driving in Formula One for the first time with 2343:, due to complaints that technology was determining the outcome of races more than driver skill, banned many such aids in 1994. However, many observers felt that the ban on driver aids was a ban in name only as the FIA did not have the technology or the methods to eliminate these features from the competition. Even this controversy did not diminish the pleasure British fans of the sport felt in 1992, when Nigel Mansell finally won the title, after a decade of trying, nor French fans in 717:, who had raced the Alfettas before the war, and his engine designer Aurelio Lampredi, were the first to understand that the 1.5-litre supercharged engine was a dead end: any increase in power meant more fuel to carry or more time lost in the pits for refuelling, so for the last races of 1950 Ferrari sent his 1.5-litre supercharged 125s to the museum, and fielded the new V12 4.5-litre normally aspirated 375s. With a fuel consumption of around 35 litres per 100 kilometres (8.1 mpg 608: 1287:

this day. There were also a number of non-championship races run outside Europe; the South African Grand Prix was occasionally one of these. British and English-native speaking drivers dominated the racing scene in the 1960s. Britons Graham Hill, Jim Clark, John Surtees and Jackie Stewart won 7 championships combined in that decade- Australian Jack Brabham won 2 championships, New Zealander Denny Hulme won a championship in 1967 and American Phil Hill won a championship in 1961.

3410:, to be leading the Drivers' Championship with two races left. A record four drivers were still in contention for the title going into the final round in Abu Dhabi. They were Alonso, Webber, Vettel and Hamilton (placing in that order in number of points before the race). They did not finish that way though, with Vettel winning the race and the title when the others finished too far down the field. Vettel became the youngest ever World Champion in the history of the sport. 2536: 3018:, Formula One saw Ferrari and BAR rapidly fade out of sight, as the works Renault team dominated the early part of the season, and Fernando Alonso forged a clear championship lead. In the latter part of the season, McLaren was significantly the stronger team, with consistently better results and a win tally of 6 from 7 races. However, their early record of poor reliability had meant that catching Renault in either Drivers' or Constructors' Championships was a tall order. 853: 3342: 2181: 1718:. The P34 was a good car, often finishing third or fourth and winning the Swedish Grand Prix, but it was not superior to the best 4-wheeled cars. 1976 also saw the Lotus team fitting brushes or plastic skirts under its rather uncompetitive 77; McLaren and Brabham also experimented with air-dams and splitters in an attempt to cause low-pressure areas under the car but found no significant effect on performance, in fact, nobody knew what was in Chapman's mind. 2400: 2480:

with similar characteristics to everyday unleaded petrol would be permitted. To reduce downforce, and therefore the cornering speed of the cars, a wooden "plank" was to be fitted beneath the central portion of the chassis, forcing a large section of the floor further away from the track. If the plank was worn over a certain tolerance (approximately 10 mm), the car would be deemed illegal. This wooden plank remains under F1 cars today.

1945: 1027:, in an attempt to curb speeds, Formula One was downgraded to 1.5-litre, non-supercharged engines (essentially the then-current Formula Two rules), a formula which would remain for the next five years. Forced induction was still an option, but limited to 750 cc, and no one seriously considered the option, as supercharging had proven limiting to fuel consumption. Ferrari could have used its already proven V6 powered mid-engined 1226:

Hours of Le Mans sportscar race. Coventry-Climax, formerly supplier to much of the field, pulled out of the sport leaving teams like Lotus to struggle with enlarged versions of obsolete Climax engines. Cooper turned to a development of an otherwise obsolete Maserati V12 that was originally designed for the Maserati 250 F in the late 1950s, while BRM made the choice to design an incredibly heavy and complex

1103: 1345: 1986:. The first group supported a strict limitation of ground effect to gain full advantage from their powerful turbos while the other relied on unrestricted ground effect to balance their horsepower deficit. There were also financial considerations. Faced with large constructors with unrestricted budgets, the smaller constructors wanted a larger share of Formula One's income to remain competitive. 1933:. This forced Lotus to hastily introduce the new 80 that overplayed the ground effect concept (it was originally intended to run with no drag-inducing wings, merely ground-effect sidepods) and never proved competitive. Renault persisted with the turbo engine, despite frequent breakdowns that resulted in the nickname of the 'Little Yellow Teapot', and finally won for the first time at Dijon in 729:. Alfa Romeo, at the time a state-owned company, decided to withdraw after a refusal of the Italian government to fund the expensive design of a new car. Surprisingly, Alfa Romeo involvement in racing was made with a very thin budget, using mostly pre-war technology and material during the two seasons. For instance, the team won two championships using only nine pre-war built engine blocks. 1703:. James Hunt, who knew that Hesketh's future was doomed by its lack of sponsorship (Lord Hesketh had tried to obtain major backing once he realised Hunt was a likely title contender and that he could no longer afford to run the team out of his own pocket), signed for McLaren. In 1976 Lauda's second successive title seemed inevitable until he crashed on the second lap at the 981:

beaten by the British teams but thoroughly outclassed- the British rear mid-engined cars had considerably better road holding than the front-engined cars. Although down on power, the British cars' superior handling and lesser demands on tyres more than made up the power deficit. It was obvious to everyone that rear-mid engined cars were the way to go at that point in time.

2496:, made the atmosphere even more chaotic for Formula One. Michael Schumacher had to fight desperately for his first World Drivers' Championship, as his Benetton team found itself in frequent violations of FIA regulations and Schumacher was suspended for two races as a result. Even his championship-clinching race in Australia was controversial, as he collided with rival 3433:(DRS) (a driver activated moveable flap on the cars rear wing), and a change in tyre supplier from Bridgestone to Pirelli. Vettel and Red Bull lead their respective championship from the start until the end of the season, dominating and taking their second successive titles. Vettel also became the youngest double world champion when he clinched the title at the 3156:. However, Hamilton surprised everyone with a run of nine consecutive podiums in his first nine races seeing him take a significant lead in the Drivers' Championship. Alonso's relationship with McLaren deteriorated as the season progressed, as he believed it was his right as world champion to be favoured above his teammate. A mistake by Hamilton in 3523:. All cars entering any Formula One championship race must run with 1.6-litre single turbocharged 6-cylinder engines with a rev limit of 15,000 rpm and maximum fuel flow of 100 kg/hr. New car regulations will also be enforced, and the minimum weight regulations will be raised from 642 kg (1,415 lb) to 690 kg (1,521 lb). 2445:), but no fatalities. The speed of Formula One cars had continuously risen over 8 years, despite turbocharged engines being made illegal, the width of tyres being reduced and driver aids eventually being removed. There was an "air of invincibility" in Formula One, a belief that the cars were inherently safe and no more drivers would die. 879:

to the highest placed car of each make, i.e. if a make finished 1st and 2nd they would receive only eight points and the 3rd placed car would receive 4 points. Indianapolis, which was included in the World Championship of Drivers (though no Formula One drivers competed), did not count towards the International Cup for F1 Manufacturers.

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Michael Schumacher collided with his championship rival at the final race, but unlike 1994 events turned against him. Schumacher not only found himself knocked out of the race, but was found to have deliberately tried to run Villeneuve off of the road. Schumacher was stripped of second place in the Championship and was disgraced.

658: – competed, although less successfully. A number of private cars also took part in local races. The Italian and German factory teams in those days often employed 2 to 3 drivers whose nationality was the same as the team's and at least 1 foreign driver; for example the Alfa Romeo team in 1950 consisted of 476:

I, or Formula 1 with the corresponding "Voiturette" formula being titled Formula B, Formula II, or Formula 2. When the 500cc formula was internationally recognised as Formula 3 in 1950 it was never titled as "Formula C" so the three International Formulae were then "officially" titled Formula 1, Formula 2 and Formula 3.

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driver status Lauda enjoyed immense respect from the Ferrari team, which did its best to give him a good car. There was in fact a very competitive field that year but no single challenger to the Austrian emerged and points taken away from Ferrari were shared between many teams and drivers. Surprisingly, the new

687:, winning every race but one in the championship with the pre-war "Alfetta" 158s. The sole exception was the Indianapolis 500, which was part of the championship (1950 to 1960), although not run to Formula One regulations and never contested by the teams that participated on the regular Formula One circuit ( 3401:

McLaren and Ferrari had better seasons in 2010, finishing respectively second and third among the constructors. The Drivers' Championship was very closely fought, with six drivers leading the championship at various points, in the joint longest ever (nineteen-race) season. For most of the season, the

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and Arrows, had closed their doors for good, while Benetton was bought out by Renault. Even more troubling was the one team in seemingly no danger of disappearing: Ferrari. While Formula One was no stranger to teams monopolizing the winner's stand, Ferrari's actions throughout the 2002 season annoyed

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Safety became a major issue in Formula One and the Belgian Grand Prix at Spa did not take place as the drivers boycotted the circuit after safety upgrades were not installed as demanded. Stewart won the 1969 title easily with the new Matra MS80, a spectacular achievement from a constructor and a team

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with a 2.7-litre four-cylinder Cooper-Climax. Love, who was in his forties and although seen as one of the finest drivers in Southern Africa was not a major star, led and finished second in that year's South African Grand Prix. Love's obsolete Cooper was originally designed for the short races of the

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V-8 engine that was to dominate Formula One for the next decade. Like the Repco the Cosworth was light and compact but it was a real racing engine using 4-valve DOHC heads and delivered much more power. Cosworth had aimed for 400 bhp (300 kW) and exceeded this when the engine first ran. The

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Ferrari was the great favorite with a 3-litre version of his well tested powerful sports car V12 design, but the new cars were very heavy, probably in an excess of self-confidence. An enlarged V6 held some promise but Surtees left mid-season after a dispute with team manager Eugenio Dragoni at the 24

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for much of its monocoque, although the car's design did not make best use of the new material. Given the shift to 1500 cc forced induction, it is surprising that any teams did not seriously consider fielding turbocharged versions of their 1500 cc naturally aspirated engines right from that

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Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, the Formula One World Championship was merely the tip of the iceberg when it came to races run to Formula One regulations. The total number of races run to Formula One regulations remained about the same as it had been before the introduction of the World Championship.

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Despite Ferrari's dominance (taking 15 wins from the 18 races), the battle back in the pack was much more open than 2002, as powerhouses McLaren and Williams got off to horrendous starts with radical new cars. As could have been expected, Renault was quick to capitalize on the misfortunes of the two

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started to reassert itself. The fight at the front, however, was very much between Häkkinen and Schumacher, each two-time champion, driving cars closely matched in performance. Ferrari had been steadily improving since their low point in the early 1990s and in 2000 Schumacher prevailed, becoming the

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While significant changes could not be made to cars in 1994, the FIA required all Formula One cars' airboxes to be perforated to reduce their "ram-air" effect, to reduce power. For the same reason special racing fuels, previously an exotic mixture of benzenes and toluenes, were banned and only those

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as the leader. Lauda signed for Brabham before the end of the 1977 championship, having taken the title easily before Enzo Ferrari refused him a car for the end of the season. His second title was mostly built on regularity and reliability. Despite his conflict with the "Commendatore" and his second

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McLaren, having fully recovered from the death of its founder, ended the 1973 season with three wins and several poles. The new M23, an updated interpretation of the Lotus 72 concept, appeared to many as the best design on the field. Fittipaldi made the choice to leave Lotus for McLaren that offered

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as the primary component. 1958 saw the introduction of an International Cup for F1 Manufacturers, with points allocated on an 8, 6, 4, 3, 2, 1 basis to the first six cars in the race (i.e. unlike in the Drivers' Championship, there was no point for fastest lap). Furthermore, points were only awarded

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Formula One was first defined in 1946 by the Commission Sportive Internationale (CSI) of the FIA, forerunner of FISA, as the premier single-seater racing category in worldwide motorsport to become effective in 1947. This new "International Formula" was initially known variously as Formula A, Formula

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to create downforce. This was the first time ground effect was used since venturi tunnels under cars were banned in 1983. In the previous cars, air led off the car in a chaotic pattern, creating "dirty air" that decreased the downforce of the car right behind it. The new 2022 car uses ground effect

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McLaren and Ferrari finished second and third in the standings once again, albeit much further behind. Button eventually took second place in the standings, with Webber in third once again. Vettel took 11 victories throughout the course of the year, broke the record for the most pole positions in a

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looked untouchable, but too often they took points from each other, allowing McLaren's Prost to stay in touch. Although Williams easily won the Constructors' Championship that year, it was not until the season-ending Grand Prix of Australia that the Drivers' title was decided, Prost making the most

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and the experienced Clay Regazzoni. Despite the failure of the new Lotus 76, Peterson managed to win Grands Prix with the four-year-old 72. Brabham driver Carlos Reutemann was also able to win with the new BT44 and young talent Jody Scheckter ended most of the races in the points, including winning

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By the late 1960s, overseas races outside Europe formed about a third of the championship in any year. The core of the season remained the European season run over the Northern Hemisphere summer, with overseas races usually falling at the start or end of the season, a pattern which has continued to

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was in an embarrassing position as it had already announced that current Formula One regulations would last until 1954 before switching to 2.5-litre atmospheric engines. Major manufacturers were already working to develop cars for the future regulation and it was obvious that nobody would develop a

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Championships for drivers or constructors were not introduced immediately. In the early years there were around 20 races held from late Spring to early Autumn (Fall) in Europe, although not all of these were considered significant. Most competitive cars came from Italy, particularly Maserati. Races

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while Rosberg won in 2016). This success was the result of Mercedes' development of the "split turbocharger", a system in which the compressor and turbine components of the turbo charger are placed at separate sides of the engine and connected by a rod running through the V of the engine. This new

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producing engines from 2015; Cosworth did not participate from 2014 and beyond. In-season engine development returned; the previous V8's development was frozen. The new turbo engines produce 600 bhp (the previous V8s produce approximately 750 hp); but the new energy recovery system (ERS)

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chassis in 1981, an innovation which, despite initial doubts over its likely performance in a crash, had been taken up by all the teams by the middle of the decade. The use of carbon fibre composite in place of aluminium honeycomb produced cars that were significantly lighter, yet also far stiffer

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died in a Formula 2 race in Germany. This was a tragedy for the sport and many of its fans and within the next few years, many of the drivers campaigned for more safety at races to stop more deaths from happening. The 1968 Matra's most innovative feature was the use of aviation-inspired structural

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taking it in 1951 with the Alfa-Romeo 159, an evolution of the 158. The Alfetta's engines were extremely powerful for their capacity: in 1951 the 159 engine was producing around 420 bhp (310 kW) but this was at the price of a fuel consumption of 125 to 175 litres per 100 km (2.26 to

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system; this new ERS system would give the drivers up to the equivalent of 160 hp when activated, whereas the previous KERS gave cars an extra 80 hp when activated. Since 2017 new rules about aerodynamics and the consistent improvement of the engines, that now reach around 1000 hp,

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in Europe and elsewhere may also have been a factor. This move saw the percentage of races held outside Formula One's traditional European home climb to around fifty percent – meaning the World Championship, which visits four of the six continents, truly deserves its name. 2004 was

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brought Michael Schumacher to the team from Benetton that year, essentially in exchange for his 1995 drivers Alesi and Berger. There was an immediate effect, in his first year with the Scuderia Schumacher won three races, more than the team had managed in the previous five years. Ferrari were not

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championship (the others being Mario Andretti, Emerson Fittipaldi, and Nigel Mansell). Villeneuve also became the only Canadian to have won a Formula 1 Drivers' title. The 1997 season was much closer than 1996, and Villeneuve only clinched the Drivers' Championship at the final race. Once again,

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for a decade) and of aerodynamic devices, commonly called wings. Further, maximum engine displacement was reduced from 3.5 to 3 litres. Further changes were mandated as the FIA continued to try to curb the increase in speeds of Formula One cars as the years progressed. These changes included the

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introduced mid-engined machines. Walker's team switched to a Lotus 18 chassis. Moss gave Lotus its first Formula One victory at Monaco but his season was ruined by a serious crash at Spa, Belgium. Brabham took a second title with his Cooper, but Moss returned in time to win the final race of the

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Discounting the Indianapolis 500, the World Championship was entirely based in Europe until 1953 when the season opened in Argentina. Since then, there has always been at least one race outside Europe each year. As planned, the World Championship races returned to Formula One regulations for the

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saw more changes in the way of rules and regulations. KERS and double diffusers were banned for the 2010 season, but new innovative features on the cars such as F-ducts were introduced. An allocated eight engines, per driver, for the whole season was also introduced as part of more cost-cutting

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and BMW both departed entirely in 2009 (BMW sold Sauber, a team it had bought in 2005 after its split with Williams even though in 2010 the team was still called BMW Sauber), Renault changed their involvement as a full works effort to engine supplier in 2011 and Cosworth departed entirely as an

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The most significant system introduced in F1 was the Kinetic Energy Recovery System (KERS), a system that stores energy, created by braking, through a flywheel; this energy is then channeled to the car's drivetrain to increase acceleration. A few well-funded teams had tested this technology the

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With controversy at last left behind, the Formula One teams flourished through the remainder of the 1980s and into the 1990s. Despite the overwhelming dominance of some teams during some seasons, this period is regarded (perhaps ironically) as one of the brightest spots in F1's 50-year history.

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By this time the innovations introduced by the Lotus 49 and 72 had changed car design. Fully stressed engine and variable flexibility suspension was now the norm, most cars had wedge shaped bodywork and airboxes towered over driver's heads. The main innovation of this era came in 1975, when the

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then produced a high mounted front wing connected to the front suspension. This last innovation was mostly used during practice as it required a lot of effort from the driver. By the end of the season, most teams were using sophisticated wings. There were several cases of wings, struts, or even

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while Enzo Ferrari adopted a conservative attitude, claiming "the horses pull the car rather than push it." It was probably disinformation: at the same time Ferrari was preparing for 1961 by designing mid-engined F2 and F1 cars. The Italian front-engined red cars were not only being effectively

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seasons. Ferrari's Formula One cars continued to race very successfully in non-championship Formula One and Formula Libre races through this period. Ironically, during this period the only World Championship race for which Formula One cars were eligible was the Indianapolis 500. In 1952 Ferrari

2875:. It seemed to many that it was possible to take the dictum of 'win at all costs' too far. Ratings and attendance noticeably declined in the latter half of 2002, a serious problem for a sport which was by far the most expensive (and, more importantly, most lucrative) in the world by this time. 2801:

After the banning of turbocharged engines in 1989, V10 became the most popular engine configuration in Formula One, because it offered the best compromise between power and fuel consumption. From the 1998 season onwards, all competing teams had V10 engines in their cars. V12s were powerful but

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of the early 1980s. Turbo engines were complex machines whose layout limited the ground effect 'tunnels' under the car. They were an emerging technology and so they were difficult and expensive to develop and build and make reliable. It was mostly manufacturer-supported teams, such as Renault,

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During the 2000s, Formula One cars had become extremely complex, efficient, and reliable, so much so that actual racing between drivers began to become less and less common. 2009 saw the introduction of many new rules and regulations (including engine RPM limits, an adjustable front wing, and

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estimated that it might be as much as 1,400 bhp (1,000 kW). First fuel consumption and then turbocharger boost were restricted to 4-bar in 1987 and 1.5-bar in 1988. By 1988, the turbos were only slightly more powerful than the lighter 3.5-litre naturally aspirated cars that had been

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D50). This allowed Chapman to design a monocoque that ended just after the driver's seat while the Brabham were still using a very classic tubular frame that supported the engine, the gearbox, and the rear suspension wishbones. The newborn DFV suffered from frequent failures due to excessive

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under heavy rain. The car was too heavy and complex compared to the new breed of mid-engined machines. By 1961, British specialist teams such as Lotus, Cooper and BRM, and later McLaren, Tyrrell and Williams- organizations created purely for producing, developing and competing purpose-built

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had a much less successful season in 2007 than in previous years and struggled to match the pace of McLaren and Ferrari. Ferrari also clinched the Constructors' Championship after McLaren's disqualification over the controversy over the suspicion that McLaren had Ferrari information.

3389:

returned to have a great season in 2010, thanks to their hiring of designer Adrian Newey in 2007. They won the Constructors' Championship in the penultimate round in Brazil, and Red Bull driver Sebastian Vettel won the championship in the final round of the 2010 season at Abu Dhabi.

1035:. The considerably more powerful and efficient engine Ferrari had led to the Maranello outfit dominating the 1961 season as the British teams scrambled to come up with a suitable engine. American Phil Hill won the 1961 title in a works Ferrari. His teammate, Wolfgang von Trips of 1901:

series in the early 1970s. The car exploited a loophole in the regulations, but the team, led by Bernie Ecclestone who had recently become president of the Formula One Constructors Association, withdrew the car before it had a chance to be banned after winning its only race with

3576:

after rule changes in aerodynamic design were implemented for 2017, but despite mid-season championship leads for Vettel in both seasons, Hamilton and Mercedes ultimately won the titles with multiple races to spare. Mercedes subsequently won both championships comfortably in

3164:

ruined his championship. Alonso, however, was not able to fully capitalise on the situation, and Ferrari's Kimi Räikkönen took the championship after a strong second half to the season. Räikkönen turned around a 17-point deficit with two races to go to win by a single point.

2350:

Lightweight television cameras attached to the cars became common in the early 1990s (following an American network TV practise actually pioneered in Australia). As well as boosting audience figures this also made the sport more attractive to sponsors beyond the traditional

2557:, things had settled down somewhat. The downgraded 3-litre formula had no effect of the domination of the Renault V10, and Schumacher took his second Drivers' title, and Benetton their first Constructors' title, with relative ease, defeating the Williams team of Hill and 972:

transaxle proved to be the Achilles heel of the Coopers, so Walker switched to a transaxle manufactured by ex-Maserati engineer Valerio Colotti. The special transmission turned out to be more unreliable than the standard part, and Brabham took the title with Moss second.

2956:

that cars competed without using these systems. This was done to ensure that costs were kept down for a competitive F1 team, as well as keeping the skill of driving a Formula 1 car relevant to the driver. However, the use of traction control was still permitted by the

821:, a record which would not be beaten for 46 years. Ferrari developed a new engine for 1957, the V6 "Dino" engine, it was competitive by 1958 and Mike Hawthorn became the first British F1 World Champion, though his victory was short-lived: he died the following winter. 1559:

title posthumously for Lotus. 1970 saw the introduction of slick tyres by Goodyear. Ferrari's new flat-12 engine proved to be more powerful than the Ford-Cosworth DFV; but slightly heavier. Their performance started to improve at the end of that season, and Belgian

2878:

A number of major car manufacturers had joined Formula One since 2000 – there were as many as eight manufacturers participating in Formula One at most. BMW and Honda had returned as works engine manufacturers in 2000, while Ford had rebranded the

1910:. Late in the season, Ronnie Peterson crashed into the barriers in the first lap at Monza and his Lotus burst into flames. James Hunt heroically pulled him out of the car and the medical prognosis was initially good but the Swede died the next day because of an 1534:

For 1970 Tyrrell was asked by Matra to use their V12, but decided to retain the Cosworth instead. As Matra was now a Chrysler affiliate and Tyrrell derived much of its income from Ford and Elf (associated with Renault) the partnership ended. Ken Tyrrell bought

1222:

point, Coventry Climax had considered it for their FWMW flat 16, but the company had decided to end its Formula 1 racing activities and the idea stopped there. It would be eleven years before a team exploited the 1500 cc forced induction option again.

2483:

Further, from 1995 designs were required to be drawn from a reference plane (template), and strict limitations were enforced as to the minimum and maximum tolerances for aspects of the vehicle such as the size of the cockpit opening (an idea well known in

3332:

to finish eleven points behind Button. Also, the major manufacturer teams were starting to disappear rapidly due to the worldwide economy crisis. In addition to Ford/Jaguar which had left in 2004, Honda had departed in 2008 also due to uncompetitiveness,

2851:, the season was a red-wash. Ferrari finished every race and won 15 of 17. Michael Schumacher scored more points than the second and third-placed drivers combined, after gaining a podium in all of the races (Schumacher had only a single third place, in 3615:

In 2022, the FIA designed a new set of rules designed to promote "closer racing." This mostly included aerodynamic changes. Citing a loss of downforce in a trailing car caused by dirty air, the FIA introduced a new type of car designed around using

3315:

After dominating the beginning of the season with six out of seven race wins, Jenson Button eventually clinched the Drivers' Championship in Brazil, with Brawn GP winning the Constructors' Championship in its only season, before being taken over by

1632:

the Swedish Grand Prix with the M23-lookalike Tyrrell 007. Lauda's season fizzled out after a crash on the first lap of the German Grand Prix. Only the last race of the season decided the Drivers' title between Fittipaldi, Regazzoni, and Scheckter.

1234:

V8 unit. With SOHC heads and no more than 330 bhp, the Repco was one of the least powerful of the new 3-litre engines but unlike the others it was light, reliable and available right from the start of the new rules. 1966 was Jack's year, while

3307:

to make the most of their car with a string of podium finishes and a race victory in Belgium, while a redesign of the McLaren challenger helped Lewis Hamilton to win two races and gain more points than any other driver after it was upgraded at the

3215:

again saw McLaren and Ferrari have the most competitive cars. However, the season was much more open, with winners from three other teams. After agonising defeat in 2007, Hamilton clinched the Drivers' Championship in dramatic fashion, overtaking

3713:

ranked champion drivers by the relative importance of car quality to driver skill, based on a study by Andrew Bell of the University of Sheffield, UK. This ranking considers the relative statistical significance of the car maker's contributions:

2951:

also saw a big change in technical regulations, including the banning of two electronic driver aid systems; namely fully-automatic gearboxes and launch control, both of which had been used for the last three seasons, marking the first time since

1611:

at Tyrrell. Stewart took the Drivers' title, but then at the final race of the season, the United States Grand Prix at Watkins Glen, Cevert crashed during Saturday practice in the notorious esses and was killed instantly. Stewart, temporary hire

3068:, which became their factory entry. The Williams team ceased their partnership with BMW as a result, entering a commercial arrangement with Cosworth instead. From 2006 manufacturer teams had an unprecedented level of involvement in the sport. 1969:

engine, still used by most teams more than a decade after its introduction, lent itself well to highly efficient ground effect aerodynamics. These two groups were represented by two political bodies – the sport's governing body

949:

and facing more substantial opposition. Powered by undersized engines, the Coopers remained outsiders in 1958 but as soon as the new 2.5-litre Coventry-Climax engine was available, the little British cars went on to dominate Formula One. The

2307:

In 1989, turbos were banned and new regulations allowing only naturally aspirated engines up to 3.5 litres were put in their place. The dominance of McLaren-Honda continued for the next 3 seasons, Prost winning the title in 1989, Senna in

1707:, suffering severe burns as well as lung and blood damage. He was given the last rites but unbelievably was back in his Ferrari six weeks later. He lost the championship by a single point to James Hunt in heavy rain at the final round at 2229:

car by finishing 2nd and rapidly closing on Prost, It was the start of a rivalry between the two men that would continue for nearly a decade. But in the early years, Prost held the advantage, driving for the McLaren team with the

2631:

Behind the title races, however, there were signs of trouble brewing in Formula One. The long-established, highly-respected Lotus name vanished from the starting grids, following Brabham's demise in mid-1992. French manufacturer

2220:

by a mere half-point, the closest ever finish in Formula One history. That half-point in itself was controversial in that it came at the rain-shortened Grand Prix of Monaco, which resulted in half points, Prost won the race, but

2942:, might be removed from the championship, but instead, the number of races was increased to eighteen. According to Ecclestone, the move was to increase Formula One's global reach, though the steady tightening of restrictions on 2947:

Michael Schumacher's most recent of his record seven World Championships. Schumacher also held the record for the most races won – with ninety-one, and now remains the driver with the second most wins ever. The

4629: 1550:

suspension, hip-mounted radiators, inboard front brakes, and an overhanging rear wing. The 72 originally had suspension problems, but once resolved the car quickly showed its superiority, and Lotus's new leader, the Austrian

4599: 3394:(formerly Brawn GP) had a much less successful and winless season than 2009 with their two new drivers – seven-time World Champion Michael Schumacher had returned to Formula One, but was regularly beaten by fellow German, 1616:, and Tyrrell withdrew from the race effectively handing the Constructors' title to Lotus. At the end of the season, Stewart made public his decision to retire, a decision that was already made before the U.S. Grand Prix. 2929:

In 2004, Ferrari and Schumacher returned to almost total dominance of the championships, winning both with ease – in the first thirteen races of the season, Schumacher managed to win twelve. A new race in

1805:

unit. Although supercharged engines were successful in the 1950s and the regulations allowing for turbocharged engines had existed for 11 years, no Formula One team had built one, feeling that the fuel consumption and

703:

being the only regular Formula One drivers to bother with the Indianapolis 500 during this period). The Indianapolis 500 would never be important for Formula One and was no longer part of the championship after 1960.

1474:

with full width wings mounted on struts high above the driver. Lotus replied with a full width wing directly connected to the rear suspension that required a redesign of suspension wishbones and transmission shafts.

3228:

had won the race, and would also have won the Drivers' Championship if it had not been for Hamilton's crucial overtake. Despite this, Ferrari secured the Constructors' Championship for the eighth time in ten years.

2371:

engine (which had been developed through the French marque's Le Mans sportscar racing program) which ultimately did not happen and Ferrari were looking to put the tumultuous seasons of 1991–93 behind them with

4196: 1575:

powered car, and with four-wheel drive again. After Jack Brabham's retirement, his old team went into a steep decline. Using their own chassis heavily inspired by the Matra MS80 but with conventional tanks,

1837:

design for racing. Goodyear saw the entry of Michelin as a serious threat and made a notable effort in research and development to develop its own radial tyres. Tyrrell's 1977 season was disastrous because

454:. In addition to the world championship series, non-championship Formula One races were held for many years, the last held in 1983 due to the rising cost of competition. National championships existed in 1623:

The 1974 season went to pre-season favourites McLaren and Fittipaldi but was a far closer result than expected. Ferrari bounced back from a dismal 1973 season with its first true monocoque cars, the

2257:

saw the Williams grow only stronger, with Piquet driving more consistent races to take his 3rd title ahead of Mansell who crashed in Japan in practice forcing him to sit out for the final 2 races.

1195:

its first victory at the end of the second season for the Japanese newcomer. This was the first victory by a Japanese car and, as of today, the only one by a car powered by a transverse engine.

2887:

and developed engines through its Cosworth subsidiary. In 2001, Renault also returned as a works engine maker and bought the Enstone-based Benetton team, which it rebranded as Renault in 2002.

2472:. The shock from the sudden injuries and deaths was stunning. Not only had two drivers been killed, but one of them was a triple world champion and arguably the best F1 driver at the time. The 2094:

in the MP4/1 showed that the new technology was sufficiently safe, with the violent accident leaving Watson unscathed, where similar previous incidents had resulted in death or serious injury.

1842:

was too busy to continue to develop the unique small tyres required by the P34. Without continuing development, the tyres became less competitive and the six-wheeled concept had to be dropped.

1171:

and Ferrari made considerable technological and financial effort to win the title. Ferrari used no less than three different engines in the season – the existing V6, a V8 and a

2740:(Michael's younger brother) proved to be a last hurrah of the privateer, not a sign of health in the sport. Even once-mighty Benetton champions only a few years before were barely surviving. 941:

where all the entries were technically private entrants using bought-in chassis) as well as the first win for a car powered by an engine built by another manufacturer. The next Grand Prix in

2902:

In 2003, despite heavy rule changes (such as a new points system) in order to prevent another year of Ferrari dominance, Schumacher won the championship once more. He was run close by both

2054:

The old fashioned DFV helped make the UK domestic Aurora Formula One series possible between 1978 and 1980. As in South Africa a generation before, second hand cars from manufacturers like

790:

and exotic alloys parts, "streamlined" bodywork and other advanced features, the brand new Mercedes began the 1954 season with Fangio taking pole position at the "Grand Prix de l'ACF" at

2272:

that resulted in the super-team of Prost and Senna winning 15 of 16 races, a record unmatched today. It was Senna who emerged the victor, claiming the first of his three World Titles.

630:. In 1950, the FIA responded with the first ever official World Championship for Drivers. The championship series, to be held across six of the 'major' Grands Prix of Europe plus the 1230:. The big winner was Jack Brabham, whose eponymous racing team took victory two years running with a light and compact spaceframe chassis powered by the aluminium-block stock-derived 4621: 1544: 4591: 3667:, winning a record 19 out of 22 Grands Prix held and finishing on the podium 21 times (also a record number for most podiums in a season) by the end of the championship. His team, 1376:

as lead driver. Clark took his last win at the 1968 season opening South African Grand Prix. On 7 April 1968, the double champion was killed at Hockenheim in a Formula Two event.

3421:

being dropped. When Ferrari asked Felipe Massa to move over to allow their No.1 driver Fernando Alonso into the lead of the race and take the win, they were fined $ 100,000. The

2260:

1987 also saw the return of atmospheric engines to Formula One, after the turbo-only year of 1986. Capacity was increased to 3.5 litres, and the turbo engines were restricted in

1283:; to run a full Grand Prix, Love added two auxiliary fuel tanks. Unfortunately, the auxiliary tank's fuel pump failed and forced him to refuel after having led most of the race. 2989:'s decision to pull out of Formula One at the end of 2004 exposed the vulnerabilities of some small teams. Not only was their works Jaguar team sold to Austrian drinks company 3209:

that all cars competed without using traction control. For the 2008 and 2009 seasons Fernando Alonso returned to Renault, but having little success he joined Ferrari in 2010.

1592:

championship by surprise with 25-year-old Brazilian driver Emerson Fittipaldi becoming the then youngest world champion. Stewart came second, his performance compromised by a

233: 2572:, the FIA mandated a much larger minimum size cockpit area, along with driver's head protection, to ensure the driver's head was less exposed (ironically, this limited 1711:

in Japan when he pitted his car and refused to continue, declaring that the risk was too great and that from now on he would refuse to race under extreme conditions.

3406:, or either McLaren's Lewis Hamilton or reigning World Champion Jenson Button (also at McLaren). But, the Ferrari of Fernando Alonso clawed back 47 points after the 745:

new car for only two years. The promoters of the World Championship Grands Prix, mindful of the lack of serious competition for the Alfettas, eventually all adopted

2476:

reacted swiftly and harshly with major changes to be enforced from that year onwards, and it was the beginning of the FIA's push to increase safety in Formula One.

3691:. Verstappen also broke the record for the highest Grand Prix win percentage for drivers, with a win rate percentage of 86.36%, beating the previous record set by 4514: 4044: 1773:

1977 also saw two radical technical innovations that would change the future of Formula One. The purpose of Lotus's experimentation in 1976 was revealed with the

1511:

that had only entered Formula One the previous year. It remains the only title won by a chassis built in France. 1969 also saw a brief resurgence of interest in

4436: 161: 3675:. Red Bull Racing won 21 out of 22 Grands Prix, breaking the team record for highest percentage of Grand Prix wins in a season at 95.45%, beating McLaren's 3649: 1031:

cars, but preferred to go one step forward by designing a very sophisticated car powered by a 120° V6, which was their first ever rear-mid engined car, the

191: 166: 4679: 2914:. It seemed that 2003 was the perfect balm to ease the memories of the previous season, with 8 different race winners (including first-time victories for 870:

Although the basic formula remained unchanged in 1958, races were shortened from around 500 km/300miles to 300 km/200 miles and cars had to use

525:- but this race was run on ice and some consider that it therefore was not a "proper" race (there is also some doubt whether it was a Formula 1 race or a 3565:

technology gave Mercedes and their customer teams many advantages over their competitors due to the need for less cooling and a more compact power unit.

1564:

won 3 races- but this proved to not be enough to overhaul Rindt's points total; Ickx later said he was happy to not have won the championship that year.

2806:

saw the grids of Formula One start to revert to normal, as Jordan rapidly faded out of sight, and Williams, looking forward to a new partnership with

2160:

After nearly 50 years the power achieved by the turbocharged cars could finally match the 640 hp (477 kW) produced by the supercharged 1937

2985:'s win in Monaco some consolation. Montoya and Räikkönen each managed a solitary win for their teams, which finished 4th and 5th in the results. The 2473: 2340: 1384: 1132:

design. This proved to be the greatest technological breakthrough since the introduction of mid-engined cars, but the Lotus was unreliable at first.

741: 444: 364: 131: 4104: 2359:

then seemed ripe to produce a stunning season. Ayrton Senna had moved to Williams to replace Prost, who retired from the sport. Young German driver

2091: 3585:

along with an additional constructors' title in 2021, with Hamilton managing to equal Michael Schumacher's record of seven World Championships. In

2261: 186: 2268:. Nevertheless, while turbo engines lasted, they dominated, with Williams-Honda winning easily in 1987, and then Honda teaming up with McLaren in 136: 2581:

championship contenders though and Damon Hill made a strong run to the title, finally claiming the crown after 3 years of almost but not quite.

2355:

companies. Safety improvements also meant that the major car manufacturers were more inclined to attach themselves to teams on a rolling basis.

817:

saw Fangio make good use of the Lancia-born Ferrari to win his fourth championship. Driving for Maserati, he took his fifth championship in the

1527:

had proved to be better means of increasing grip, and the technology was largely abandoned. Jacky Ickx finished second in the championship for

226: 3425:

decided that the rule was too vague, and there was nothing they could do to enforce it. This led to an end to the ban on team orders for the

2811:

first three-time Champion since Senna, and bringing the World Drivers' title to Ferrari for the first time since Jody Scheckter in 1979. The

2981:

who had finished 3rd at the US Grand Prix behind the Ferraris managed to clinch 2nd in the Constructors' Championship, leaving Renault 3rd,

3320:. Rubens Barrichello, Jenson Button's teammate, was second in the Drivers' Championship for the whole season until he had a problem at the 1971: 1201:

saw a 'Return to Power' as Formula One changed the engine rules once again, allowing engines of 3.0-litre normally aspirated, or 1.5-litre

2993:, but the few remaining small independent teams, who traditionally had used Ford engines, found their engine supply in a precarious state. 4079: 3593:

won the Drivers' Championship after a season-long battle with Hamilton to end the run of Mercedes only winning titles in the hybrid era.

2051:

only a few weeks later, helped bring this crisis into the spotlight, and helped both sides settle the dispute for the good of the sport.

1869:

made more radical and mature use of the ground effect concept. Many other teams began experimenting with the technology, but Lotus had a

1020:– Italian for garage teams, which is effectively how all these British teams operated – their cars were built in small sheds or garages. 2177:

introduced the previous year. The thirsty turbo engines briefly saw refuelling introduced into the sport, but this was banned for 1984.

1721:

The incident at Fuji damaged Lauda's relationship with Enzo Ferrari and Lauda officially became the second driver of the Scuderia with

3048:

Arguably, the final small specialist racing team disappeared with the September 2005 purchase of Minardi by Red Bull to be renamed as

1179:

and Ferrari. Surtees' title was especially notable, as he became the only driver ever to win the World Championship for both cars and

4211: 3780: 1663:. Despite entering only one car and refusing sponsorship the team finished 4th in the Constructors' Championship. That year also saw 1000: 243: 4462: 2168:, some engines were producing over 1,350 bhp (1,010 kW) in short bursts in qualifying. BMW's 1,000 bhp (750 kW) 2043:, probably due to high lateral acceleration causing a black out in Hockenheim's fast Ostkurve. The double blow struck to Ferrari in 794:

with the first lap over 200 km/h (124 mph) in Formula One before winning the race after a duel with other Mercedes driver

498:

There is some debate as to what can be considered to be the first Formula 1 race. The first race under the new regulations was the

2922:) and 5 different teams, including both Renault (for the first time in twenty years) and Jordan, who grabbed a lucky win in a wild 1364:

In 1968, Lotus lost its exclusive right to use the DFV. McLaren built a DFV-powered car and a new force appeared on the scene when

954:

season was effectively the start of the mid-engined revolution, and this season saw fierce competition between the works Cooper of

930: 627: 384: 179: 3168:

Both McLarens finished the Championship on 109 points. Fernando Alonso was placed third, behind Lewis Hamilton through countback.

2090:

which improved grip and therefore cornering speed. Significant skepticism regarding the use of carbon fiber chassis remained, but

1929:, despite the handicap of the Flat-12 that obstructed wind tunnels, produced wing-cars designs that were more effective than the 801:

The Mercedes cars swept the next two seasons with Fangio and Moss winning all but three of the races. However, at the end of the

329: 650:

were best positioned to dominate the early years. Other national manufacturers – such as the French manufacturer

116: 2070:

become the only woman to win a Formula One race when she triumphed at Brands Hatch in a Williams in a non-championship event.

4410: 2339:(Ferrari in 1990) All enabled cars to reach higher and higher speeds provided the teams were willing to spend the money. The 423: 266: 4756:

Automobile Historique N°45 Février 2005 – Lotus 72 (1973–1975) – Prolongations exceptionnelles

1567:

After Rindt's death, the Lotus team had a desultory 1971 season with its two new and inexperienced drivers –

2697: 2601: 1979: 1655:. Lauda took a relatively straightforward first Drivers' title in 1975. The main surprise of the season came when the tiny 4665: 3873:

Reportedly, the internal name of the project that gave birth to 78 was "Something for nothing", Lotus external consultant

3379:

point system for the top eight finishers (which had been running since 2003), was replaced with the drastically different

2938:

debuted in September. It was initially thought that in introducing these new races, older Grands Prix in Europe, like the

491:

cars. Non-supercharged 4.5-litre pre-war Grand Prix cars were allowed to race against the pre-war 1.5-litre supercharged '

4544: 3915: 3676: 3660: 3645: 3604: 3586: 3582: 3578: 3573: 3569: 3561: 3557: 3520: 3508: 3495: 3491: 3487: 3483: 3371: 3365: 3361: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3288: 3202: 3178: 3174: 3098: 3094: 3090: 3015: 2962: 2961:, and was used for the next three seasons, until an effort to ban the system led to the FIA finally outlawing it for the 2953: 2948: 2848: 2844: 2812: 2803: 2609: 2585: 2569: 2554: 2493: 2422: 2414: 2356: 2344: 2313: 2309: 2269: 2265: 2254: 2241: 2217: 2209: 2192: 2165: 2134: 2044: 2030: 2026: 2014: 749:

regulations for two years. However, Ferrari's dominance went on with the light 4-cylinder powered 500s, bringing Italian

47: 3953: 3556:

dominated the start of the hybrid era, winning 51 of the 59 races (31 for Hamilton and 20 for Rosberg) between 2014 and

1387:

decided to permit that year after the withdrawal of support from automobile related firms like BP, Shell and Firestone.

1290: 4048: 3874: 3198: 2824: 2561:. The Renault engine which powered both teams was virtually unbeatable, with only Ferrari claiming a single win at the 2324: 1008: 955: 674: 394: 324: 279: 141: 121: 3979: 3625:) fuels. This is designed to make Formula 1 more sustainable, as well as align better with road car fuel regulations. 4733: 4297: 4272: 4034:

Christian Moity, La Ferguson P 99 Climax (1961–1964). La preuve par quatre. Auto Passion n°136 May–June 2001 p. 42-49

2977:. Although failing to win a race, Button was a regular sight on the 2nd or 3rd step of the podium, and with teammate 4241: 770:, now based on a new 2.5-litre atmospheric engine regulation. This successfully brought more entrants to the field. 634:, was in effect a formalization of what had already been developing in Grand Prix racing during the previous years. 3271:

won both the Drivers' and Constructors' Championships in their debut (and only) season in the penultimate round in

3025:

Alonso had become Formula One's youngest ever champion. The Constructors' Championship looked even more likely for

2888: 2862:

While Ferrari celebrated their dominance, the sport itself was seen by many to be in trouble. Two more privateers,

2275: 2146: 1878: 1854: 1839: 1396: 1357: 1063:, were not part of the World Championship, but nonetheless continued to draw the top drivers and teams to compete. 1056: 1036: 344: 284: 248: 154: 3864:

Probably 285 bhp (213 kW) at its beginning and 330 bhp (250 kW) at final stage of development.

3303:

and their drivers leading the way, with Ferrari and McLaren having a poor season. However, Ferrari started by the

2744:

fronted his own team from 1997 to 1999 with backing from Ford but even then sold out as the team transformed into

2892: 2725: 2438: 2184: 1689: 211: 126: 3106: 2787: 2608:. The Finn was nearly untouchable as he took his first title while Schumacher and Villeneuve could only watch. 2145:

still struggled on with the old DFV engines. 1983 also saw the last non-championship Formula One race: The 1983

4787: 3541: 3041:. One statistic proved the two teams' dominance: they together won all but one of the races, the controversial 1819: 659: 297: 3940: 909:

1958 was a watershed in another crucial way for Formula One. Against a small field of Ferraris and Maseratis,

3375:

methods. The biggest change in the points scoring system in F1 history happened between 2009 & 2010. The

3131: 3042: 3008: 2935: 2872: 2795: 2732:

managing to survive somehow. The flourishing of Jordan in 1998 and 1999, under the leadership of Damon Hill,

2434: 1412: 1205:

or forced induction. 1966 was a transitional year for most teams, however, the year did see the first use of

443:

championships of the 1920s and 1930s, though the foundation of the modern Formula One began in 1946 with the

389: 369: 1523:

at the Canadian Grand Prix, although the front wheel transmission was actually disconnected. Wide tyres and

4025:

International Cup for F1 Manufacturers, FIA Year Book of Automobile Sport 1974, Grey section, pages 120–121

3796: 3528: 3457: 3391: 3045:, in which neither of the two teams participated, which was Schumacher and Ferrari's only win of the year. 2442: 778:

came to the formula, hiring the best drivers of the era: Ascari for Lancia, Fangio for Mercedes. Featuring

623: 216: 4718: 2815:

season saw Ferrari start to leave the rest of the grid behind, and Schumacher won the championship by the

1539:

701 chassis as an interim solution while developing his own car for the next season. The new wedge-shaped

4651: 4108: 3403: 2836: 2235: 2153:, won by reigning World Champion Keke Rosberg in a Williams-Ford/Cosworth in a close fight with American 1039:, died along with 14 spectators in a horrific crash on the first lap of the Italian Grand Prix at Monza. 206: 109: 3448: 1989:

The battles between FISA and FOCA during the first years of the 1980s overshadowed the events on track.

1849: 1696: 805:

Mercedes vanished as swiftly as they had come. They had proven the superiority of their technology, but

3516: 3512: 3206: 2449: 1890: 1785:

skirts. Generating radically increased downforce with significantly less drag, the Lotus 78s driven by

1731: 615: 522: 510: 3648:

and Red Bull winning the Constructors' Championship. Verstappen ended the season with 454 points, the

2644:

bought the team. And the colourful era of the small, private teams finally came to an end. Names like

2433:

in 1986. There had been several horrifying accidents (for example Nelson Piquet and Gerhard Berger at

993:

The mid-engined revolution rendered another potentially revolutionary car obsolete. The front-engined

890:

Drivers' Championship – becoming the first English driver to earn a title. The British

824: 3792: 3680: 3329: 3321: 3272: 3221: 3161: 3022: 2923: 2852: 2816: 1446:

The second innovation was the introduction of wings as seen previously on various cars including the

1404: 1291:

DFV engine, 12-cylinder engines, and the arrival of sponsorship, safety, and aerodynamics (1968–1976)

1275: 1052: 914: 864: 514: 416: 4385: 4186:

Bernard Canonne & Christophe Wilmart, 1906–2006 100 ans de Grand Prix. Rétroviseur November 2006

470: 4622:"Verstappen dominates for Japanese GP victory as Red Bull secure back-to-back constructors' titles" 3672: 3434: 2911: 2868: 2562: 2492:

The rapid introduction of all of these new rules and regulations, particularly those introduced in

1870: 903: 639: 507: 18: 3671:

achieved their sixth Constructors' Championship title, the second consecutively, at the preceding

3291:, and was initially limited to 19,000 rpm for 2007; this was lowered to 18,000 from 2009 to 2013. 3279:

disproportionate wing sizes) to encourage overtaking. Engine RPM reached 20,000 rpm (and over for

3029:, widely regarded as the faster car and with reliability much improved. However, a retirement for 1952:, the first turbocharged car to win a Grand Prix, had ground-effect aerodynamics permitted in 1979 1734:

and Hesketh, made excellent use of its legacy with Jody Scheckter finishing second to Niki Lauda.

447:'s (FIA) standardisation of rules, which was followed by a World Championship of Drivers in 1950. 3804: 3696: 3608: 3479: 3475: 3471: 3467: 3426: 3407: 3304: 3256: 3252: 3248: 3244: 3240: 3212: 3190: 3157: 3149: 3034: 2970: 2828: 2779: 2775: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2641: 2613: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2511: 2391: 2336: 2299: 2295: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2125: 2121: 2117: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2040: 2010: 1994: 1934: 1907: 1862: 1765: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1652: 1648: 1644: 1600: 1589: 1581: 1556: 1547: 1492: 1471: 1416: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1236: 1198: 1184: 1160: 1156: 1114: 1094: 1090: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1074: 1024: 1004: 977: 951: 895: 887: 844: 840: 836: 832: 818: 814: 802: 767: 758: 754: 726: 684: 602: 598: 594: 590: 586: 582: 578: 574: 550: 451: 440: 334: 302: 75: 4219: 2276:

3.5-litre naturally-aspirated engines, active suspension, and electronic driver aids (1989–1993)

1781:

to Formula One for the first time, using wing-profiled sidepods sealed to the ground by sliding

1555:, dominated the championship until he was killed at Monza when a brake shaft broke. He took the 4488: 3532: 3438: 3414: 3309: 3280: 3169: 3004: 2856: 2832: 2469: 2086: 2002: 1877:

won the Championship in the "Black Beauty", becoming the first driver to win both the American

1682: 1488: 1459: 1392: 1296: 1163:, the latter being the only occasion to date of a driver winning both the Championship and the 997: 942: 934: 922: 483:

regulations defined by engine capacity. The regulation expected to bring a new balance between

3663:, Verstappem cruised to his third consecutive Drivers' Championship title clinching it at the 3664: 3430: 2733: 2612:

provided a stiffer contest for the title. Villeneuve was out of the picture at the brand-new

2332: 2059: 1778: 1692: 1267:

to redesign several parts and allowing Hulme to win the World Drivers' Crown on reliability.

1259: 1141: 986: 806: 771: 737: 700: 692: 655: 499: 339: 3220:

in the Toyota to secure the fifth place he needed in the last corner of the last lap of the

4782: 3767:

The ranking illustrates that over time car quality has become more important. For example,

3617: 3596: 3536: 2996: 2919: 2701: 2188: 1424: 1380: 1192: 1060: 762:

entered four Formula One 375s with Alberto Ascari as lead driver, but with little success.

513:- but this was before the Formula was officially in place. The next contender is the 1947 409: 4358: 3460:

cars proved to be the most competitive at the start of the V6 turbo-hybrid era until 2021.

2751: 1667:

score the first points by a woman in Formula One for 6th place at the Spanish Grand Prix.

1483:

Lastly, the third innovation was the introduction of a full face helmet for drivers, with

8: 3499: 3152:

saw a much more competitive McLaren, with current world champion Alonso alongside rookie

3049: 2943: 2903: 2863: 2705: 2681: 2665: 2617: 2547: 2457: 2430: 2347:

when Alain Prost took his 4th Championship, both drivers piloting Williams-Renault cars.

1975: 1801:

made its first appearance powered by a 1.5-litre turbocharged engine, derived from their

1585: 1519:

became the one and the only driver to score a point with a 4WD, finishing sixth with the

1516: 1476: 1369: 946: 651: 530: 85: 2628:, but his efforts contributed to Ferrari's first Constructors' Championship since 1983. 1379:

The season saw three significant innovations. The first was the arrival of unrestricted

1175:, while Lotus was struggling with the teething troubles of a new car. The title went to 4764: 3824: 3788: 3768: 3742: 3718: 3545:

have made the cars finally faster than the 2004 ones, breaking numerous track records.

3232: 3111: 3030: 2986: 2939: 2907: 2880: 2791: 2589: 2539: 2453: 2410: 2364: 2360: 2161: 2138: 1727: 1568: 1206: 918: 898:, but ruined their Drivers' Championship aspirations by taking points off one another. 709: 696: 677: 611: 562: 488: 70: 3589:, Mercedes faced stiff competition from the Honda-powered Red Bull team, whose driver 3453: 3449:

Introduction of 1.6-litre turbocharged V6 hybrid power units and cost cap (2014–2021)

1608: 4729: 4335: 4293: 4268: 2717: 2669: 2573: 2328: 2063: 2036: 1998: 1983: 1957: 1802: 1536: 779: 546: 374: 90: 4313: 568: 3800: 3772: 3688: 3684: 3629: 3524: 3325: 3182: 2840: 2404: 2172:

was incapable of measuring the output of their qualifying engines –

1926: 1722: 1512: 1467: 1440: 1164: 1110: 994: 938: 825:

British independent specialist teams and the rear-mid engine revolution (1958–1961)

810: 643: 631: 23: 4592:"Verstappen secures third F1 world title as Piastri takes Sprint victory in Qatar" 3519:). The series is being run under the most radical engine regulation changes since 2895:. Mercedes continued its participation as engine manufacturer in association with 2625: 2605: 2452:

weekend this belief was crushed completely with the serious injuries sustained by

2067: 2066:

781, were built specifically for the series. In 1980 the series saw South African

1965:

which took that route. In contrast, the cheap, reliable, and narrow Ford-Cosworth

1124:

852: 3702: 3668: 3653: 3633: 3386: 3345: 3300: 3123: 3115: 3053: 3000: 2915: 2737: 2693: 2677: 2673: 2661: 2588:, another son of an F1 racing legend took the titles for Williams once again, as 2558: 2465: 2426: 2245: 1604: 1353: 1264: 1048: 926: 662: 471:

Early years and continuation of pre-World War II supercharged engines (1946–1950)

80: 4130: 3641: 3568:

Ferrari and their driver Sebastian Vettel emerged as strong title contenders in

1670: 4747: 4704: 4566: 4001: 3776: 3754: 3748: 3736: 3692: 3637: 3590: 3549: 3153: 2741: 2657: 2373: 2154: 2142: 1990: 1874: 1807: 1790: 1786: 1664: 1656: 1577: 1428: 1373: 1188: 1044: 1032: 969: 860: 783: 750: 688: 558: 554: 459: 4536: 3402:

title looked like it could have gone to either Red Bull's Sebastian Vettel or

3264: 2264:

and fuel capacity to limit their effect, with a total ban to be introduced in

1704: 1678: 4776: 3957: 3709: 3317: 3057: 2974: 2884: 2820: 2745: 2633: 2407: 2249: 2082: 2048: 2018: 1956:

The new technologies introduced by Renault and Lotus became entangled in the

1918: 1811: 1708: 1593: 1451: 1280: 962: 910: 899: 883: 856: 775: 670: 666: 526: 503: 379: 3839: 3560:

as well as all titles during that period (Hamilton was champion in 2014 and

3197:

from the 2008 season onwards, which prevented teams from using this kind of

3137:

2006 was the last season with two tyre manufacturers: Japanese manufacturer

725:) the 375s offered fierce opposition to the Alfettas towards the end of the 3818: 3760: 3553: 3395: 3225: 2982: 2621: 2461: 2317: 2222: 2196: 2150: 2006: 1966: 1949: 1938: 1894: 1886: 1798: 1552: 1531:, competitive again after dropping its Repco engines in favour of the DFV. 1447: 1388: 1254: 1202: 1176: 1106: 1013: 958: 714: 538: 534: 484: 480: 455: 261: 3901: 2535: 3730: 3429:. Other changes included a re-introduction KERS, the introduction of the 3418: 3186: 3138: 2978: 2637: 2213: 2173: 2169: 2047:, of the death of Gilles Villeneuve and the crippling injury to teammate 1826: 1815: 1715: 1572: 1496: 1432: 1365: 1243: 1240: 1210: 1180: 1137: 791: 746: 733: 705: 518: 436: 33: 3597:

Ground effect cars and aerodynamic changes for closer racing (2022–2025)

3437:, Red Bull took the Constructors' Championship at the following race in 3341: 2180: 1515:

with a record of four such cars on the field at the British Grand Prix.

607: 3852: 3217: 3119: 3061: 3038: 2819:

Grand Prix, which tied him as second quickest championship winner with

2752:

V10 engines and rise of road car manufacturer participation (2000–2005)

2576:

and contributed to accidents). As part of his plan to rebuild Ferrari,

2543: 2497: 2377: 2205: 2078: 2055: 1962: 1922: 1903: 1794: 1700: 1674: 1660: 1628: 1613: 1561: 1520: 1484: 1420: 1214: 1148: 1129: 1066: 982: 795: 492: 4069:

John Love, L'homme de Kyalami. Automobile historique (To be completed)

2616:

but Schumacher was in contention when he crashed and broke his leg at

2604:

took the Drivers' Crown for the next two years, both being claimed by

2425:, the previous death in Formula One was nearly a decade past, that of 2399: 966: 933:

in Formula One. It was also the first World Championship GP win for a

4152: 3878: 3724: 3127: 2910:, but Schumacher prevailed, taking the championship by two points at 2685: 2645: 2636:

found themselves in desperate straits, and were sold to Alain Prost.

2593: 2577: 2485: 2352: 1834: 1829:

to Formula One. Goodyear, who enjoyed a monopoly before the entry of

1524: 1503: 1152: 1133: 1125: 1028: 787: 3233:

Cost-cutting measures and departure of car manufacturers (2009–2013)

1944: 1914:. Hunt would retire after the following season's Monaco Grand Prix. 1571:

and Reine Wisell. The team spent a lot of time experimenting with a

3644:

dominated most races. The season ended with Verstappen winning the

3296: 3284: 3268: 3142: 2990: 2709: 1930: 1911: 1866: 1843: 1830: 1774: 1688:

For 1976, Fittipaldi made the surprising decision to drive for the

1540: 1455: 1436: 1349: 1271: 1250: 1227: 1168: 1121: 875: 647: 495:', while pre-war supercharged 3-litre Grand Prix cars were banned. 3064:

for the 2006 season. In June 2005, BMW bought a majority stake in

3021:

For a while, it looked close between Räikkönen and Alonso, but by

2859:(Round 11 of 17), becoming the earliest ever championship winner. 2195:, the only year before 2014 in which every car in the field had a 1997:, but attention there was already being focused on young Canadian 1147:

As soon as the car and the engine became reliable, the era of the

3784: 3622: 3177:

marked the seventh and final season, since its reintroduction in

3026: 2931: 2891:

joined the series in 2002, developing both chassis and engine at

2729: 2649: 2368: 2231: 2226: 2074: 2022: 1882: 1637: 1624: 1528: 1463: 1408: 1400: 1218: 1172: 891: 569:

Era of factory Italian and Mercedes front-engine cars (1950–1957)

2640:'s team floundered on, despite dismal results, until 1998, when 1258:

DFV was designed to be fully stressed (an idea pioneered by the

3334: 3065: 2721: 2689: 2653: 1898: 1102: 3703:

Relative importance of car quality to driver skill (1950–2020)

2802:

thirsty, while V8s were more fuel-efficient but lacked power.

2600:

At the end of 1997 Renault withdrew from Formula One. McLaren-

2097: 1344: 1209:, a technology which would later revolutionise the sport. The 4652:"All the records Red Bull set with its crushing 2023 display" 4080:"'SA was ahead of the curve' - 50 years of sponsorship in F1" 3069: 2896: 2713: 1782: 1454:

introduced modest front wings and a spoiler on Graham Hill's

1231: 871: 635: 4715:

FerrariWorld – see F1 racing cars 1940s–1990s

3352:

Drivers' and Constructors' Championships and both titles in

1810:(boost lag) would negate its superior power. Motor engineer 1395:, was the first Formula One team to paint their cars in the 3838:

Women had driven in Grands Prix prior to Formula One, e.g.

3771:

won 5 of his 7 titles (1994–2004) with a single car maker (

2367:

power for his Benetton. McLaren had high hopes for its new

4515:"10 things you need to know about the all-new 2022 F1 car" 3511:. Australia was the location of the end of the first era ( 4463:"Mercedes: 2022 F1 fuel the biggest change in hybrid era" 3679:

season, the only 2023 Grand Prix to elude them being the

3422: 3194: 3076: 3056:. Jordan had been bought by Russo-Canadian steel company 2958: 2855:). In this season, he wrapped up the championship at the 2807: 2716:

would no longer be seen on the starting grids, with only

2380:. The season was stunning but for all the wrong reasons. 2320:

which were to dominate Formula One for the next 7 years.

1889:"fan car", a revival of the "sucker car" concept used by 1620:

him true lead driver status that Chapman refused to him.

945:

was also won by the same Cooper car, this time driven by

4153:"8W - How? - Four-wheel drive in 1969 Grand Prix racing" 3791:

won his 5 titles (1951–1957) with four different teams:

2383: 1584:. Focusing again on the type 72 chassis, now fielded in 4437:"TECH TUESDAY: What's been banned under the 2021 rules" 3348:

prospered under the new rules with a runners-up in the

2847:

season that these systems were allowed to be used. For

2592:

became the 4th driver to take both the Formula One and

2468:

was left comatose after a crash two weeks later at the

479:

In the beginning, the formula was largely based on pre-

3855:

had been successful in Grand Prix racing in the 1930s.

2062:

were the order of the day, although some, such as the

1714:

The most radical innovation of 1976 was the 6-wheeled

990:

season, the U.S. Grand Prix at Riverside, California.

929:

Straight-4. This was the first victory for a car with

2238:

turbo engine which took three world titles in a row.

1487:

becoming the first driver to wear such helmet at the

906:

racing a private Maserati at the Belgian Grand Prix.

894:

team took the maiden Constructors' Championship that

4537:"F1's 2021 rule changes: 10 things you need to know" 3814: 3650:

highest number of points in one season ever recorded

1502:

1968 was the year that former double World Champion

1167:

in the same year. For 1964 Lotus introduced the new

1067:

Anglophone drivers and 1.5-litre engines (1962–1967)

3943:

Retrieved from www.conceptcarz.com on 28 April 2009

3507:Formula One entered its second turbocharged era in 3082: 1941:that featured both ground effect and turbo engine. 1439:B entered in the Red, Gold and White colors of the 1187:, the last race of the 1.5 litres Formula One, saw 450:The sport's history parallels the evolution of its 2969:older British teams, but the real shock came from 2500:(son of Graham) and ensured himself of the title. 4529: 3656:in second place and his teammate Pérez in third. 2164:, without a huge consumption of special fuel. By 1155:began. Clark won the title twice in three years, 965:in the Walker team's Cooper. The Getrag-modified 4774: 4742:Autosport 50th Anniversary Edition, 13 July 2000 4386:"Recession May Hit Formula One Later, if at All" 3982:. British Broadcasting Corporation. 11 June 1955 2934:made its debut in April and another new race in 2867:many; in particular, the staged finishes of the 1737: 1607:raced each other while Stewart was supported by 439:automobile racing has its roots in the European 4314:"Schumacher loses championship runner-up crown" 4173:François Hurel, V8 Cosworth. L'élément moteur. 4105:"Eagle Eye: The Eagle Gurney-Weslake F1 Effort" 1368:entered his team using Cosworth-powered French 1136:finished second that year leaving the title to 740:would make Ferrari effectively invincible. The 2503: 2323:In the early 1990s, teams started introducing 2208:, coming out of retirement for a hefty sum in 736:entries and an almost undriveable, unreliable 732:No Alfa Romeo, a supporting cast of privateer 4666:"F1 records broken by Max Verstappen in 2023" 2009:brought success to Frank Williams at last in 1825:The entry of Renault also brought Michelin's 1263:vibration from the flat-plane crank, forcing 417: 4584: 4234: 4218:. London: News International. Archived from 3205:season also marked the first time since the 2827:after a seven-year absence, starting at the 2248:-powered Williams cars of Nelson Piquet and 683:Alfa Romeo dominated all before them in the 4672: 3956:. Ddavid.com. 7 August 1938. Archived from 3779:won all of his 7 titles (2008–2020) with a 3628:After a slow season beginning dominated by 3540:would be twice as powerful as the previous 2098:1.5-litre turbo-charged engines (1983–1988) 1217:, used an aluminium-wood laminate known as 502:held on 1 September, the race being won by 26:Formula One cars from between 1950 and 2002 4045:"Fangio Ferrari 50 - Ferrari Owners' Club" 4021: 4019: 1993:took Ferrari's last title for 21 years in 1885:outbid Lotus in generating downforce with 1846:eventually left F1 after the 1984 season. 424: 410: 4506: 4203: 4047:. Ferrariownersclub.co.uk. Archived from 2085:(McLaren Project-4) introduced the first 1627:powered 312 B3s driven by young Austrian 1588:'s black and gold livery, Lotus took the 445:Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile 4726:Fundamentals of Motor Vehicle Technology 4383: 4287: 4262: 3783:engine (one of them in conjunction with 3452: 3340: 3263: 3105: 2995: 2786: 2534: 2464:in the race on 1 May 1994. Furthermore, 2398: 2253:of both Williams drivers tyre problems. 2179: 1943: 1881:championship and the Formula One title. 1848: 1669: 1343: 1101: 1016:referring to these new British teams as 851: 809:of one of their sportscars that year at 606: 17: 4723: 4434: 4107:. Allamericanracers.com. Archived from 4016: 3052:and run as a separate entity alongside 1643:Ferrari won the Constructors titles in 874:instead of various fuel mixtures using 713:1.61 mpg imp/1.88 mpg to 1.34 mpg US). 4775: 4567:"Formula 1 2022 Results and Standings" 4489:"What Engines Do F1 Cars Use In 2022?" 4486: 4460: 4131:"Safety Improvements in F1 Since 1963" 2823:. 2001 also saw the reintroduction of 2624:eventually lost by only two points to 2191:won the Constructors' Championship in 2137:drivers' title, won by Piquet for the 1636:Ferrari 312T appeared, its transverse 1246:, as Jack tried new parts on his car. 1003:raced in British Formula One races in 557:end their careers, while drivers like 4698: 4543:. Motorsport Network. November 2019. 4336:"Schumacher breaks leg in race crash" 2384:Safety, rules, and regulations (1994) 1640:allowing better weight distribution. 1270:1967 also saw a remarkable result by 385:Formula One Constructors' Association 4547:from the original on 19 January 2021 4356: 4242:"Race ace Senna killed in car crash" 4209: 3636:dominated the season. Their drivers 3548:The Mercedes team and their drivers 3037:secured the Constructors' title for 2225:made the stronger impression in his 1814:, who had observed the turbocharged 1543:was a very innovative car featuring 931:the engine mounted behind the driver 4748:The "Little Alfa" That Grew Too Big 4632:from the original on 5 October 2023 4602:from the original on 7 October 2023 3877:, one of the designers of the 1970 2843:, marking the first time since the 2244:provided another close finish. The 2081:'s Formula Two Project-4 team. The 1822:in the US, pushed for this choice. 1659:team won the Dutch Grand Prix with 1580:and Stewart easily took success in 1128:chassis instead of the traditional 48:2024 Formula One World Championship 13: 4512: 3980:"Le Mans disaster claims 77 lives" 3954:"Grand Prix Cars - Alfa Romeo 158" 1009:Oulton Park International Gold Cup 529:race). The third claimant is the 14: 4799: 4765:Histoire d’un sport: La formule 1 3328:, a Red Bull driver, who won the 3324:and was overtaken (in points) by 1603:, Lotus teammates Fittipaldi and 4705:The Official Formula One Website 4682:. The Economist. 17 October 2020 4487:Howson, George (25 March 2022). 4461:Cooper, Adam (4 February 2022). 4212:"Had Ayrton foreseen his death?" 3817: 3535:produced engines from 2014 with 3110:Fernando Alonso (Renault) leads 3083:2.4-litre V8 engines (2006–2008) 2565:for Alesi, his only career win. 2331:, (pioneered by Lotus in 1987), 2073:After several years in darkness 1360:, at a demonstration run in 2005 1120:In 1962, the Lotus team ran the 708:won the inaugural championship, 4658: 4644: 4614: 4559: 4480: 4454: 4428: 4403: 4384:Spurgeon, Brad (4 April 2009). 4377: 4357:Tran, Mark (15 November 2004). 4350: 4328: 4306: 4281: 4256: 4189: 4180: 4177:. 1 March 2006 N° 1535 p. 26-31 4167: 4145: 4123: 4097: 4072: 4063: 4037: 4028: 3867: 3858: 1797:unveiled the second when their 1253:, powered by the Ford-Cosworth 1043:Many famous races, such as the 1007:, winning the non-Championship 921:entered by the private team of 395:Grand Prix Drivers' Association 4435:Hughes, Mark; Piola, Georgio. 4359:"Red Bull buys Jaguar F1 team" 3994: 3972: 3946: 3934: 3908: 3902:"F1 rules and stats 2000–2009" 3894: 3845: 3832: 3707:In 2020, the British magazine 3413:After a controversial race in 3060:early in 2005 and was renamed 2456:in practice and the deaths of 1793:won five Grands Prix in 1977. 1249:In 1967, Lotus introduced the 624:Motorcycle World Championships 227:Race Promoters' Trophy winners 1: 4210:Hill, Damon (17 April 2004). 4002:"Drivers: Juan-Manuel Fangio" 3887: 3652:. He was 146 points ahead of 3132:2006 United States Grand Prix 3009:2005 United States Grand Prix 2796:2005 United States Grand Prix 1738:Ground-effect era (1977–1982) 1730:team, born from the ashes of 1431:to follow this example, with 1413:1968 South African Grand Prix 753:his two championships in the 390:Formula One Teams Association 370:FIA World Motor Sport Council 4720:. Retrieved 9 February 2006. 4316:. BBC News. 11 November 1997 3160:and a mechanical problem in 2327:, whose use spread rapidly. 1407:, painted in the colours of 1399:when they entered a private 7: 3646:World Drivers' Championship 3515:) and start of the second ( 3075:2005 marked the end of the 2504:3-litre engines (1995–1999) 1491:. Lotus won both titles in 1415:. In the next round at the 925:, and powered by a 2-litre 10: 4804: 4292:. Macmillan. p. 272. 4288:Hamilton, Maurice (1998). 4267:. Macmillan. p. 241. 4263:Hamilton, Maurice (1998). 4197:"Traction control and ABS" 3383:for the top-10 finishers. 3207:2001 San Marino Grand Prix 2899:, and part-owned McLaren. 1732:Frank Williams Racing Cars 1294: 1165:Indianapolis 500-Mile Race 572: 465: 3681:2023 Singapore Grand Prix 3417:, 2010 led to the ban on 3338:engine supplier in 2013. 3273:2009 Brazilian Grand Prix 2833:fully-automatic gearboxes 2025:team owner Ecclestone in 1372:chassis driven by ex-BRM 1053:BRDC International Trophy 865:1958 Argentine Grand Prix 515:Swedish Winter Grand Prix 4338:. BBC News. 11 July 1999 3810: 3435:2011 Japanese Grand Prix 3381:25–18–15–12–10–8–6–4–2–1 3033:in the season finale at 2333:semi-automatic gearboxes 2092:John Watson's 1981 crash 2017:, while young Brazilian 1397:livery of their sponsors 904:Maria Teresa de Filippis 545:saw pre-war heroes like 541:, which is irrefutable. 462:in the 1960s and 1970s. 4724:Hillier, V.A.W (1993). 4133:. Atlasf1.autosport.com 3427:2011 Formula One season 3150:2007 Formula One season 3118:), Jacques Villeneuve ( 3007:Formula One car at the 2971:British American Racing 2893:its facility in Cologne 2335:(Ferrari in 1989), and 1480:suspension collapsing. 1472:1968 Belgian Grand Prix 1470:went one better at the 1417:1968 Spanish Grand Prix 1185:1965 Mexican Grand Prix 1140:and his new V8 powered 1115:1964 British Grand Prix 798:, who finished second. 603:1957 Formula One season 599:1956 Formula One season 595:1955 Formula One season 591:1954 Formula One season 587:1953 Formula One season 583:1952 Formula One season 579:1951 Formula One season 575:1950 Formula One season 551:Manfred Von Brauchitsch 76:Formula One regulations 4728:. Nelson Thornes Ltd. 4709:Results Archive (2006) 4244:. BBC News. 1 May 1994 3920:motorsportmagazine.com 3916:"Formula Races - 1948" 3461: 3368: 3275: 3134: 3011: 2825:electronic driver aids 2798: 2550: 2460:during qualifying and 2429:during testing at the 2418: 2325:electronic driver aids 2212:, pipped his teammate 2200: 2087:carbon fiber composite 1953: 1925:team and surprisingly 1858: 1833:, was still using the 1685: 1683:1976 German Grand Prix 1489:1968 German Grand Prix 1460:1968 Monaco Grand Prix 1423:, initially using the 1361: 1239:went to his teammate, 1117: 917:driving a mid-engined 886:in a Ferrari took the 867: 619: 234:Points scoring systems 66:History of Formula One 27: 4788:History of motorsport 4628:. 24 September 2023. 3456: 3431:Drag reduction system 3344: 3267: 3193:were mandated by the 3109: 2999: 2918:, Kimi Räikkönen and 2790: 2734:Heinz-Harald Frentzen 2538: 2450:San Marino Grand Prix 2402: 2183: 2060:Fittipaldi Automotive 1947: 1852: 1693:Fittipaldi Automotive 1673: 1499:with Stewart second. 1347: 1105: 882:With Fangio retired, 855: 610: 573:Further information: 500:1946 Turin Grand Prix 452:technical regulations 21: 4555:– via YouTube. 3330:Abu Dhabi Grand Prix 3322:Brazilian Grand Prix 2924:Brazilian Grand Prix 2920:Giancarlo Fisichella 1921:, the up-and-coming 1906:at the wheel at the 1695:team of his brother 1545:variable flexibility 1443:'s Gold Leaf brand. 1425:British racing green 1061:Oulton Park Gold Cup 915:Argentine Grand Prix 618:to the title in 1951 249:Sponsorship liveries 180:Engine manufacturers 4668:. 26 November 2023. 4654:. 17 December 2023. 4051:on 21 February 2011 3881:, brought the idea. 3673:Japanese Grand Prix 3500:Formula One engines 3141:and French company 3050:Scuderia Toro Rosso 2944:tobacco advertising 2869:Austrian Grand Prix 2706:Leyton House Racing 2666:Life Racing Engines 2563:Canadian Grand Prix 2548:Canadian Grand Prix 2458:Roland Ratzenberger 2431:Circuit Paul Ricard 1976:Jean-Marie Balestre 1586:John Player Special 1517:Johnny Servoz-Gavin 1427:, became the first 1411:cigarettes, in the 1207:composite materials 947:Maurice Trintignant 565:rose to the front. 531:1947 Pau Grand Prix 86:Formula One engines 4707: – 4699:General references 4598:. 7 October 2023. 4390:The New York Times 3825:Formula One portal 3789:Juan Manuel Fangio 3769:Michael Schumacher 3743:Michael Schumacher 3719:Juan Manuel Fangio 3462: 3408:British Grand Prix 3369: 3305:British Grand Prix 3276: 3181:, that the use of 3135: 3112:Rubens Barrichello 3031:Juan Pablo Montoya 3012: 2987:Ford Motor Company 2940:British Grand Prix 2908:Juan Pablo Montoya 2829:Spanish Grand Prix 2799: 2792:Michael Schumacher 2590:Jacques Villeneuve 2551: 2540:Jacques Villeneuve 2454:Rubens Barrichello 2419: 2411:Michael Schumacher 2361:Michael Schumacher 2201: 2162:Mercedes-Benz W125 1954: 1908:Swedish Grand Prix 1859: 1686: 1677:practicing at the 1569:Emerson Fittipaldi 1391:, a South African 1362: 1297:Hunt–Lauda rivalry 1118: 868: 780:desmodromic valves 710:Juan Manuel Fangio 697:Juan Manuel Fangio 678:Juan Manuel Fangio 626:was introduced in 620: 612:Juan Manuel Fangio 563:Juan Manuel Fangio 489:normally aspirated 71:Formula One racing 28: 3787:). In the 1950s, 3310:German Grand Prix 3185:was permitted in 3072:also bought BAR. 2857:French Grand Prix 2831:, which included 2670:March Engineering 2574:driver visibility 2546:team at the 1996 2470:Monaco Grand Prix 2329:Active suspension 2147:Race of Champions 2037:Patrick Depailler 1999:Gilles Villeneuve 1984:Bernie Ecclestone 1057:Race of Champions 1051:Grands Prix, the 547:Rudolf Caracciola 533:which was won by 517:which was won by 434: 433: 375:Formula One Group 267:Red-flagged races 91:Formula One tyres 4795: 4769: 4761: 4739: 4692: 4691: 4689: 4687: 4676: 4670: 4669: 4662: 4656: 4655: 4648: 4642: 4641: 4639: 4637: 4618: 4612: 4611: 4609: 4607: 4588: 4582: 4581: 4579: 4577: 4563: 4557: 4556: 4554: 4552: 4533: 4527: 4526: 4524: 4522: 4510: 4504: 4503: 4501: 4499: 4484: 4478: 4477: 4475: 4473: 4458: 4452: 4451: 4449: 4447: 4432: 4426: 4425: 4423: 4421: 4407: 4401: 4400: 4398: 4396: 4381: 4375: 4374: 4372: 4370: 4354: 4348: 4347: 4345: 4343: 4332: 4326: 4325: 4323: 4321: 4310: 4304: 4303: 4285: 4279: 4278: 4260: 4254: 4253: 4251: 4249: 4238: 4232: 4231: 4229: 4227: 4207: 4201: 4200: 4193: 4187: 4184: 4178: 4171: 4165: 4164: 4162: 4160: 4149: 4143: 4142: 4140: 4138: 4127: 4121: 4120: 4118: 4116: 4111:on 28 April 2012 4101: 4095: 4094: 4092: 4090: 4076: 4070: 4067: 4061: 4060: 4058: 4056: 4041: 4035: 4032: 4026: 4023: 4014: 4013: 4011: 4009: 3998: 3992: 3991: 3989: 3987: 3976: 3970: 3969: 3967: 3965: 3950: 3944: 3938: 3932: 3931: 3929: 3927: 3912: 3906: 3905: 3898: 3882: 3871: 3865: 3862: 3856: 3851:The mid-engined 3849: 3843: 3836: 3827: 3822: 3821: 3665:Qatar Grand Prix 3630:Scuderia Ferrari 3377:10–8–6–5–4–3–2–1 3326:Sebastian Vettel 3222:final Grand Prix 3183:traction control 3003:qualifying in a 2841:traction control 2542:driving for the 2337:traction control 2216:to the title in 1818:engines used in 1777:, which brought 1723:Carlos Reutemann 1513:four-wheel drive 1441:Imperial Tobacco 1358:sponsor's livery 995:four-wheel drive 939:Indianapolis 500 675:Argentine driver 632:Indianapolis 500 426: 419: 412: 244:National colours 81:Formula One cars 60:Related articles 30: 29: 24:Scuderia Ferrari 4803: 4802: 4798: 4797: 4796: 4794: 4793: 4792: 4773: 4772: 4767: 4759: 4754:Pierre Ménard: 4745:Roderick Eime: 4736: 4701: 4696: 4695: 4685: 4683: 4680:"Man v machine" 4678: 4677: 4673: 4664: 4663: 4659: 4650: 4649: 4645: 4635: 4633: 4620: 4619: 4615: 4605: 4603: 4590: 4589: 4585: 4575: 4573: 4565: 4564: 4560: 4550: 4548: 4535: 4534: 4530: 4520: 4518: 4511: 4507: 4497: 4495: 4485: 4481: 4471: 4469: 4459: 4455: 4445: 4443: 4433: 4429: 4419: 4417: 4409: 4408: 4404: 4394: 4392: 4382: 4378: 4368: 4366: 4355: 4351: 4341: 4339: 4334: 4333: 4329: 4319: 4317: 4312: 4311: 4307: 4300: 4286: 4282: 4275: 4261: 4257: 4247: 4245: 4240: 4239: 4235: 4225: 4223: 4208: 4204: 4195: 4194: 4190: 4185: 4181: 4172: 4168: 4158: 4156: 4151: 4150: 4146: 4136: 4134: 4129: 4128: 4124: 4114: 4112: 4103: 4102: 4098: 4088: 4086: 4078: 4077: 4073: 4068: 4064: 4054: 4052: 4043: 4042: 4038: 4033: 4029: 4024: 4017: 4007: 4005: 4004:. grandprix.com 4000: 3999: 3995: 3985: 3983: 3978: 3977: 3973: 3963: 3961: 3960:on 7 April 2007 3952: 3951: 3947: 3939: 3935: 3925: 3923: 3914: 3913: 3909: 3904:. January 2009. 3900: 3899: 3895: 3890: 3885: 3872: 3868: 3863: 3859: 3850: 3846: 3837: 3833: 3823: 3816: 3813: 3705: 3669:Red Bull Racing 3654:Charles Leclerc 3634:Red Bull Racing 3599: 3451: 3387:Red Bull Racing 3346:Red Bull Racing 3301:Red Bull Racing 3235: 3189:. Standardised 3124:Ralf Schumacher 3085: 3054:Red Bull Racing 3043:U.S. Grand Prix 3001:Fernando Alonso 2916:Fernando Alonso 2754: 2738:Ralf Schumacher 2674:Onyx Grand Prix 2662:MasterCard Lola 2620:. His teammate 2559:David Coulthard 2506: 2466:Karl Wendlinger 2439:Martin Donnelly 2427:Elio de Angelis 2386: 2278: 2100: 2021:won titles for 1982:, headed up by 1820:Indy car racing 1740: 1699:, sponsored by 1609:François Cevert 1605:Ronnie Peterson 1356:to appear in a 1299: 1293: 1265:Keith Duckworth 1069: 937:(excepting the 935:private entrant 927:Coventry-Climax 827: 724: 720: 663:Giuseppe Farina 660:Italian drivers 654:or the British 605: 571: 473: 468: 430: 401: 400: 399: 359: 351: 350: 349: 319: 311: 310: 307: 289: 285:TV broadcasters 271: 253: 221: 198: 197: 173: 172: 148: 147: 104: 96: 95: 61: 53: 52: 43: 12: 11: 5: 4801: 4791: 4790: 4785: 4771: 4770: 4762: 4758:p. 60–71 4752: 4743: 4740: 4734: 4721: 4712: 4700: 4697: 4694: 4693: 4671: 4657: 4643: 4613: 4583: 4571:motorsport.com 4558: 4528: 4513:Stuart, Greg. 4505: 4479: 4467:motorsport.com 4453: 4427: 4402: 4376: 4349: 4327: 4305: 4298: 4290:Frank Williams 4280: 4273: 4265:Frank Williams 4255: 4233: 4222:on 4 June 2011 4202: 4199:. 7 July 2014. 4188: 4179: 4166: 4144: 4122: 4096: 4084:wheels24.co.za 4071: 4062: 4036: 4027: 4015: 3993: 3971: 3945: 3933: 3907: 3892: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3884: 3883: 3866: 3857: 3844: 3830: 3829: 3828: 3812: 3809: 3777:Lewis Hamilton 3765: 3764: 3758: 3755:Alberto Ascari 3752: 3749:Lewis Hamilton 3746: 3740: 3737:Jackie Stewart 3734: 3728: 3722: 3704: 3701: 3693:Alberto Ascari 3638:Max Verstappen 3613: 3612: 3598: 3595: 3591:Max Verstappen 3550:Lewis Hamilton 3517:Melbourne 2014 3505: 3504: 3450: 3447: 3262: 3261: 3234: 3231: 3154:Lewis Hamilton 3104: 3103: 3084: 3081: 2904:Kimi Räikkönen 2837:launch control 2785: 2784: 2753: 2750: 2742:Jackie Stewart 2533: 2532: 2505: 2502: 2397: 2396: 2385: 2382: 2374:Gerhard Berger 2305: 2304: 2277: 2274: 2262:boost pressure 2155:Danny Sullivan 2131: 2130: 2099: 2096: 2039:was killed in 1991:Jody Scheckter 1875:Mario Andretti 1791:Gunnar Nilsson 1787:Mario Andretti 1771: 1770: 1739: 1736: 1665:Lella Lombardi 1393:privateer team 1374:Jackie Stewart 1342: 1341: 1292: 1289: 1213:, designed by 1189:Richie Ginther 1100: 1099: 1068: 1065: 970:Traction Avant 861:Ferrari 246 F1 850: 849: 826: 823: 784:fuel injection 751:Alberto Ascari 722: 721:; 6.7 mpg 718: 689:Alberto Ascari 616:Alfa Romeo 159 570: 567: 559:Alberto Ascari 555:Tazio Nuvolari 472: 469: 467: 464: 460:United Kingdom 432: 431: 429: 428: 421: 414: 406: 403: 402: 398: 397: 392: 387: 382: 377: 372: 367: 361: 360: 357: 356: 353: 352: 348: 347: 342: 337: 332: 327: 321: 320: 317: 316: 313: 312: 309: 308: 306: 305: 300: 294: 291: 290: 288: 287: 282: 280:Female drivers 276: 273: 272: 270: 269: 264: 258: 255: 254: 252: 251: 246: 240: 237: 236: 230: 229: 223: 222: 220: 219: 214: 209: 203: 200: 199: 196: 195: 189: 182: 178: 175: 174: 171: 170: 164: 157: 153: 150: 149: 146: 145: 139: 134: 129: 124: 122:Sprint winners 119: 112: 108: 105: 102: 101: 98: 97: 94: 93: 88: 83: 78: 73: 68: 62: 59: 58: 55: 54: 51: 50: 44: 42:Current season 41: 40: 37: 36: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4800: 4789: 4786: 4784: 4781: 4780: 4778: 4766: 4763: 4757: 4753: 4750: 4749: 4744: 4741: 4737: 4735:0-7487-0531-7 4731: 4727: 4722: 4719: 4716: 4713: 4710: 4708: 4703: 4702: 4681: 4675: 4667: 4661: 4653: 4647: 4631: 4627: 4623: 4617: 4601: 4597: 4593: 4587: 4572: 4568: 4562: 4546: 4542: 4538: 4532: 4516: 4509: 4494: 4490: 4483: 4468: 4464: 4457: 4442: 4438: 4431: 4416: 4412: 4406: 4391: 4387: 4380: 4364: 4360: 4353: 4337: 4331: 4315: 4309: 4301: 4299:0-333-71716-3 4295: 4291: 4284: 4276: 4274:0-333-71716-3 4270: 4266: 4259: 4243: 4237: 4221: 4217: 4213: 4206: 4198: 4192: 4183: 4176: 4170: 4154: 4148: 4132: 4126: 4110: 4106: 4100: 4085: 4081: 4075: 4066: 4050: 4046: 4040: 4031: 4022: 4020: 4003: 3997: 3981: 3975: 3959: 3955: 3949: 3942: 3937: 3922:. 7 July 2014 3921: 3917: 3911: 3903: 3897: 3893: 3880: 3876: 3870: 3861: 3854: 3848: 3841: 3835: 3831: 3826: 3820: 3815: 3808: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3797:Mercedes-Benz 3794: 3790: 3786: 3782: 3781:Mercedes-Benz 3778: 3774: 3770: 3762: 3759: 3756: 3753: 3750: 3747: 3744: 3741: 3738: 3735: 3732: 3729: 3726: 3723: 3720: 3717: 3716: 3715: 3712: 3711: 3710:The Economist 3700: 3698: 3694: 3690: 3686: 3682: 3678: 3674: 3670: 3666: 3662: 3657: 3655: 3651: 3647: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3626: 3624: 3619: 3618:ground effect 3611: 3610: 3606: 3601: 3600: 3594: 3592: 3588: 3584: 3580: 3575: 3571: 3566: 3563: 3559: 3555: 3551: 3546: 3543: 3538: 3534: 3530: 3526: 3522: 3518: 3514: 3513:Adelaide 1988 3510: 3503: 3501: 3497: 3493: 3489: 3485: 3481: 3477: 3473: 3469: 3464: 3463: 3459: 3455: 3446: 3442: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3411: 3409: 3405: 3399: 3397: 3393: 3388: 3384: 3382: 3378: 3373: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3351: 3347: 3343: 3339: 3336: 3331: 3327: 3323: 3319: 3313: 3311: 3306: 3302: 3298: 3292: 3290: 3286: 3282: 3274: 3270: 3266: 3260: 3258: 3254: 3250: 3246: 3242: 3237: 3236: 3230: 3227: 3223: 3219: 3214: 3210: 3208: 3204: 3200: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3171: 3166: 3163: 3159: 3155: 3151: 3146: 3144: 3140: 3133: 3129: 3125: 3121: 3117: 3113: 3108: 3102: 3100: 3096: 3092: 3087: 3086: 3080: 3078: 3073: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3046: 3044: 3040: 3036: 3032: 3028: 3024: 3019: 3017: 3010: 3006: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2992: 2988: 2984: 2980: 2976: 2975:Jenson Button 2972: 2966: 2964: 2960: 2955: 2950: 2945: 2941: 2937: 2933: 2927: 2925: 2921: 2917: 2913: 2909: 2905: 2900: 2898: 2894: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2876: 2874: 2873:US Grand Prix 2870: 2865: 2860: 2858: 2854: 2850: 2846: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2830: 2826: 2822: 2821:Nigel Mansell 2818: 2814: 2809: 2805: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2783: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2756: 2755: 2749: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2727: 2723: 2719: 2715: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2675: 2671: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2647: 2643: 2639: 2635: 2629: 2627: 2626:Mika Häkkinen 2623: 2619: 2615: 2611: 2607: 2606:Mika Häkkinen 2603: 2598: 2595: 2591: 2587: 2582: 2579: 2575: 2571: 2566: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2531: 2529: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2508: 2507: 2501: 2499: 2495: 2490: 2487: 2481: 2477: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2446: 2444: 2440: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2416: 2413:drove to the 2412: 2409: 2406: 2401: 2395: 2393: 2388: 2387: 2381: 2379: 2375: 2370: 2366: 2362: 2358: 2354: 2348: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2334: 2330: 2326: 2321: 2319: 2315: 2311: 2303: 2301: 2297: 2293: 2289: 2285: 2280: 2279: 2273: 2271: 2267: 2263: 2258: 2256: 2251: 2250:Nigel Mansell 2247: 2243: 2239: 2237: 2233: 2228: 2224: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2198: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2175: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2158: 2156: 2152: 2148: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2129: 2127: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2111: 2107: 2102: 2101: 2095: 2093: 2088: 2084: 2083:McLaren MP4/1 2080: 2076: 2071: 2069: 2068:Desiré Wilson 2065: 2061: 2057: 2052: 2050: 2049:Didier Pironi 2046: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2020: 2019:Nelson Piquet 2016: 2012: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1987: 1985: 1981: 1977: 1973: 1968: 1964: 1961:Ferrari, and 1959: 1958:FISA–FOCA war 1951: 1946: 1942: 1940: 1936: 1932: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1915: 1913: 1909: 1905: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1856: 1855:Brabham BT46B 1851: 1847: 1845: 1841: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1823: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1812:Bernard Dudot 1809: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1779:ground effect 1776: 1769: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1742: 1741: 1735: 1733: 1729: 1724: 1719: 1717: 1712: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1694: 1691: 1684: 1680: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1666: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1641: 1639: 1633: 1630: 1626: 1621: 1617: 1615: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1597: 1595: 1594:stomach ulcer 1591: 1587: 1583: 1579: 1574: 1570: 1565: 1563: 1558: 1554: 1549: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1532: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1508: 1505: 1500: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1486: 1481: 1478: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1461: 1457: 1453: 1452:Colin Chapman 1449: 1444: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1382: 1377: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1359: 1355: 1352:, the second 1351: 1346: 1340: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1301: 1300: 1298: 1288: 1284: 1282: 1281:Tasman Series 1277: 1273: 1268: 1266: 1261: 1256: 1252: 1247: 1245: 1242: 1241:New Zealander 1238: 1233: 1229: 1223: 1220: 1216: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1154: 1150: 1145: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1098: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1071: 1070: 1064: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1040: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1021: 1019: 1015: 1010: 1006: 1002: 999: 996: 991: 988: 984: 979: 974: 971: 968: 964: 960: 957: 953: 948: 944: 940: 936: 932: 928: 924: 920: 916: 912: 911:Stirling Moss 907: 905: 901: 900:Stirling Moss 897: 893: 889: 885: 884:Mike Hawthorn 880: 877: 873: 866: 862: 858: 857:Mike Hawthorn 854: 848: 846: 842: 838: 834: 829: 828: 822: 820: 816: 812: 808: 804: 799: 797: 793: 789: 785: 781: 777: 776:Mercedes-Benz 773: 769: 763: 760: 756: 752: 748: 743: 739: 735: 730: 728: 716: 711: 707: 702: 698: 694: 690: 686: 681: 679: 676: 672: 671:Piero Taruffi 668: 667:Luigi Fagioli 664: 661: 657: 653: 649: 645: 641: 637: 633: 629: 625: 617: 613: 609: 604: 600: 596: 592: 588: 584: 580: 576: 566: 564: 560: 556: 552: 548: 542: 540: 536: 532: 528: 527:Formule Libre 524: 520: 516: 512: 509: 505: 504:Achille Varzi 501: 496: 494: 490: 486: 482: 477: 463: 461: 457: 453: 448: 446: 442: 438: 427: 422: 420: 415: 413: 408: 407: 405: 404: 396: 393: 391: 388: 386: 383: 381: 380:Liberty Media 378: 376: 373: 371: 368: 366: 363: 362: 358:Organisations 355: 354: 346: 343: 341: 338: 336: 333: 331: 328: 326: 323: 322: 315: 314: 304: 301: 299: 296: 295: 293: 292: 286: 283: 281: 278: 277: 275: 274: 268: 265: 263: 260: 259: 257: 256: 250: 247: 245: 242: 241: 239: 238: 235: 232: 231: 228: 225: 224: 218: 215: 213: 210: 208: 205: 204: 202: 201: 193: 190: 188: 184: 183: 181: 177: 176: 168: 165: 163: 159: 158: 156: 152: 151: 143: 140: 138: 135: 133: 130: 128: 125: 123: 120: 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Forix.com 4008:20 November 3986:20 November 3941:Formula One 3853:Auto Unions 3731:Alain Prost 3609:2023 season 3605:2022 season 3496:2021 season 3492:2020 season 3488:2019 season 3484:2018 season 3480:2017 season 3476:2016 season 3472:2015 season 3468:2014 season 3439:South Korea 3419:team orders 3404:Mark Webber 3392:Mercedes GP 3257:2013 season 3253:2012 season 3249:2011 season 3245:2010 season 3241:2009 season 3139:Bridgestone 3099:2008 season 3095:2007 season 3091:2006 season 2979:Takuma Sato 2949:2004 season 2780:2005 season 2776:2004 season 2772:2003 season 2768:2002 season 2764:2001 season 2760:2000 season 2682:Andrea Moda 2638:Ken Tyrrell 2618:Silverstone 2528:1999 season 2524:1998 season 2520:1997 season 2516:1996 season 2512:1995 season 2392:1994 season 2300:1993 season 2296:1992 season 2292:1991 season 2288:1990 season 2284:1989 season 2214:Alain Prost 2174:Paul Rosche 2170:dynamometer 2126:1988 season 2122:1987 season 2118:1986 season 2114:1985 season 2110:1984 season 2106:1983 season 1816:Offenhauser 1766:1982 season 1762:1981 season 1758:1980 season 1754:1979 season 1750:1978 season 1746:1977 season 1716:Tyrrell P34 1705:Nürburgring 1681:during the 1679:Nürburgring 1573:gas turbine 1548:torsion bar 1497:Graham Hill 1433:Graham Hill 1381:sponsorship 1366:Ken Tyrrell 1337:1976 season 1333:1975 season 1329:1974 season 1325:1973 season 1321:1972 season 1317:1971 season 1313:1970 season 1309:1969 season 1305:1968 season 1244:Denny Hulme 1211:McLaren M2B 1181:motorcycles 1138:Graham Hill 1095:1967 season 1091:1966 season 1087:1965 season 1083:1964 season 1079:1963 season 1075:1962 season 845:1961 season 841:1960 season 837:1959 season 833:1958 season 819:1957 season 815:1956 season 803:1955 season 792:Reims-Gueux 768:1954 season 747:Formula Two 734:Lago-Talbot 727:1951 season 706:Nino Farina 685:1950 season 614:drove this 521:driving an 519:Reg Parnell 511:158 Alfetta 493:voiturettes 437:Formula One 303:Video games 212:Grands Prix 127:Polesitters 34:Formula One 4777:Categories 4320:28 October 4248:28 October 4226:28 October 3888:References 3840:Hellé Nice 3793:Alfa Romeo 3415:Hockenheim 3218:Timo Glock 3199:technology 3062:Midland F1 2498:Damon Hill 2378:Jean Alesi 2206:Niki Lauda 2079:Ron Dennis 2003:Alan Jones 1963:Alfa Romeo 1904:Niki Lauda 1871:head start 1701:Copersucar 1675:Niki Lauda 1661:James Hunt 1629:Niki Lauda 1614:Chris Amon 1562:Jacky Ickx 1521:Matra MS84 1485:Dan Gurney 1429:works team 1421:Team Lotus 1295:See also: 1215:Robin Herd 1130:spaceframe 1018:garagistes 956:Australian 923:Rob Walker 796:Karl Kling 719:‑imp 640:Alfa Romeo 537:driving a 508:Alfa Romeo 441:Grand Prix 298:Fatalities 187:GP winners 162:GP winners 117:GP winners 4606:7 October 4541:Autosport 4441:Formula 1 4216:The Times 4175:Autohebdo 4159:4 October 4137:4 October 4115:9 January 4089:4 October 4055:4 October 3964:4 October 3879:March 701 3725:Jim Clark 3130:) at the 2973:, led by 2817:Hungarian 2686:Fondmetal 2646:Larrousse 2578:Jean Todt 2486:Champ Car 2353:cigarette 1937:with the 1917:For 1979 1857:"fan car" 1835:cross ply 1808:turbo lag 1803:sportscar 1690:Brazilian 1525:downforce 1504:Jim Clark 1458:B at the 1405:John Love 1276:John Love 1272:Rhodesian 1153:Jim Clark 1134:Jim Clark 1126:monocoque 1113:) at the 1029:Formula 2 807:the crash 788:magnesium 723:‑US 638:teams of 192:Champions 167:Champions 137:Champions 4717:(2006). 4630:Archived 4600:Archived 4545:Archived 4395:24 March 4365:. 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