History of Maharashtra

2736: 30: 4350:. In its early years in the late 1960s, the party specifically targeted immigrants to Mumbai from South India. Over the following decades, the party slowly expanded its base, and took over the Bombay Corporation in the 1980s. The original base of the party was lower middle- and working-class Marathi people in Mumbai and surrounding urban areas, while the leadership of the party came from educated upper caste Maharashtrians. However, since 1990s, strong men have emerged who control their local areas through intimidation and extortion. This has phenomenon has been named "dada-ization" of the party. In the early 1990s, some of the party leaders incited violence against Muslims, which resulted in riots between Hindus and Muslims. 3229: 3853: 2217: 4075: 4436: 2994: 2555: 9106: 2700: 3078: 4164: 4270: 3214: 2198: 3888: 4510:

employ over 5 million people at the height of the drought, leading to effective famine prevention. The effectiveness was also attributed to the direct pressure on the state government by the public, who perceived that employment via the relief works programme was their right. The public protested by marching, picketing, and even rioting. Nevertheless, the measures taken by the government were praised for being a model program for famine relief.

2427: 3880: 3194: 4493:'s vision of "rural development with local initiative". A 'special' status was accorded to the sugar cooperatives, and the government assumed the role of a mentor by acting as a stakeholder, guarantor, and regulator. Apart from sugar, cooperatives played a crucial role in dairy, cotton, and fertiliser industries. Support by the state government led to more than 25,000 cooperatives being set up by the 1990s in Maharashtra. 9792: 3614: 4451:(MIDC) in 1962 to spur growth in other areas of the state. In the decades since its formation, MIDC has acted as the primary industrial infrastructure development agency of the government of Maharashtra, and has established at least one industrial area in every district of the state. The areas with biggest industrial growth were the Pune metropolitan region and areas close to Mumbai, such as 4357:(BJP) secured an overwhelming majority in the state, challenging the INC's dominance in the state political landscape and beginning a period of coalition governments. Shiv Sena was the larger party in the coalition. For three successive elections from 1999 until 2014, the NCP and INC formed one coalition while Shiv Sena and the BJP formed another, and in which the INC–NCP alliance won. 4502:

passed "The Maharashtra Deletion of the Term 'Famine' Act, 1963". Despite this confidence, a severe drought in 1972 led to 25 million people in need. The relief measures undertaken by the Government of Maharashtra included employment, programmes aimed at creating productive assets such as tree plantation, conservation of soil, excavation of canals, and building

4391:. In early years, the party originally derived its support from the urban upper castes such as Brahmins and non-Maharashtrians. However, in the 21st century, the party was able to penetrate the Maratha group by fielding Maratha candidates in elections. The RSS was formed in the 1920s in Nagpur by Maharashtrian Brahmins, and remains dominated by that community. 3712:, appointed commissioners and left the district boundaries almost intact. One of the first tasks that the company undertook after deposing Bajirao II was to destroy hill forts previously under Maratha control to prevent Maratha forces regrouping in the hills. The forts destroyed included those in the Junnar region—such Shivaji's birthplace of Shivneri, 3285:. These leaders also did not come from the traditional aristocratic families of Maharashtra. All the young leaders chosen by Bajirao I or their descendants later became rulers in their own right during the Maratha Confederacy era. Historian K.K. Datta argues that Bajirao I "may very well be regarded as the second founder of the Maratha Empire". 3169:, lead their Maratha forces to fight individual battles against the forces of the Mughal Empire. Territory changed hands repeatedly during these years (1689–1707) of interminable warfare. As there was no central authority among the Marathas, Aurangzeb was forced to contest every inch of territory, at great cost in lives and money. 4501:

In 1963, the government of Maharashtra asserted that the agricultural situation in the state was constantly being watched and relief measures were taken as soon as any scarcity was detected. On the basis of this—and to assert that the word 'famine' had become obsolete in this context—the government

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was set up in early 1600s by Malik Amber and remained an important center because of patronage by the Mughals and later by the Nizams. During the Peshwa period in 1700s, Pune became the de facto political and business capital of the Maratha Empire. Like capitals, it also declined following the fall

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Large-scale employment to the deprived sections of Maharashtrian society brought in considerable amounts of food to the state. The implementation of the 'Scarcity Manuals' in the state prevented mortality rising from severe food shortages. The relief works initiated by the state government helped

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under the Angre family was dominant in the area until around the 1730sThe internecine conflicts between Kanhoji Angre's sons weakened the navy.The navy under Tulaji Angre was destroyeed by the combined action of the East India company and the Peshwa forces in 1755. The navy operated by other

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and its dialects were the dominant languages of the region. The Marathi language, which evolved from Maharashtri Prakrit, has been the common language since the 9th century. The oldest stone inscriptions in the Marathi language date to around 975 CE, and can be seen at the foot of the

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is a state in the western region of India. It is India's second-most populous state and third-largest state by area. The region that comprises the state has a long history dating back to approximately 1300–700 BCE, although the present-day state was not established until 1960 CE.

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accepted Islam and founded the present-day city of Nagpur. Centuries earlier, Khandkya Ballal Sah, a 13th century Gond king, founded the walled city of Chandrapur in southern Vidarbha region. The last Gond ruler was pensioned by Maratha leader Raghuji Bhonsale, who founded the

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The British ruled most of Maharashtra directly or indirectly through the princely states for more than a century and brought several changes. Areas that correspond to present day Maharashtra were under direct or indirect British rule, first under the

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Although the majority of the population in Maharashtra has lived in rural areas throughout history, cities and towns were founded or expanded when new rulers chose new capitals. Notable urban centers that were founded during sultanate period include

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Margabandhu, C. "Trade Contacts between Western India and the Graeco-Roman World in the early centuries of the Christian era." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient/Journal de l'histoire economique et sociale de l'Orient (1965):

3750:, who were nominally under the Satara state, became princely states after the lapse. The province of Berar was wrested from the Nizam by the colonial government in 1858 for non-payment of military expenses. The province formally became part of 4538:

on the phenomenon. The report cited "government's lack of interest, the absence of a safety net for farmers, and lack of access to information related to agriculture as the chief causes for the desperate condition of farmers in the state."

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Khedkar were prominent activists in the campaign to create a separate state of Maharashtra with Mumbai as its capital. On 1 May 1960, following mass protests and 105 deaths, Bombay State was divided into the new states of Maharashtra and

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was from western Maharashtra, specifically the coastal Konkan region. The census recorded for the city in the first half of the 20th century showed that nearly half the population of the city listed Marathi as their mother tongue.

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The Maratha Empire dominated the political scene in the Indian subcontinent from the beginning of the 18th century to the early 19th century. Maharashtra was the center of the Maratha Empire, with its capital being the city of

3114:(plots of land) as sources of economic power and were reluctant to part with them. They even initially opposed the emergence of Shivaji, because their economic interests were affected. In 1674, Shivaji crowned himself as the 3696:

beginning in the 17th century and used it as one of their main trading posts. The Company slowly expanded areas under its rule during the 18th century. Their conquest of Maharashtra was completed in 1818 with the defeat of

3471:: 25% of the revenue from states that submitted to Maratha power. The Marathas also had an elaborate land revenue system which was retained by the British East India Company when they gained control of Maratha territory. 4402:

caste, which accounts for 31% of the population of Maharashtra. They dominated the cooperative institutions, and with the resultant economic power, controlled politics from the village level up to the Assembly and

8131: 3541:, which functioned as the economic system of the village. Servants under this system provided services to the farmers and were responsible for tasks specific to their castes. In exchange for their services, the 2901:) by the 1630s, and most of the area of present-day Maharashtra by the end of 1600s. However, Mughal control was challenged multiple times during this period. Early in the century, the resistance was led by 8360: 3256:

family, controlled the Maratha army and later became the hereditary heads of the Maratha Empire from 1749 to 1818. During their reign, the Maratha empire reached its zenith in 1760, dominating most of the

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in Tamil Nadu. Aurangzeb waged continuous war in the Deccan for more than two decades with no resolution. The death of Aurangzeb in 1707 ended the conflict and initiated the decline of the Mughal Empire.

8595: 4463:, Maharashtra began to attract foreign capital, particularly in the information technology and engineering industries. The late 1990s and first decade of the 21st century saw huge development in the 10000: 4478:

Maharashtra has hundreds of private colleges and universities, including many religious and special-purpose institutions. Most of the private colleges were set up after the state government of

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Prior to Indian independence, manufacturing industry in what became Maharashtra was based mainly in the city of Mumbai. After the formation of Maharashtra, the state government established the

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party (INC) and its allies have ruled the state for a major part of the state's existence. After the brief tenures of Yashwantrao Chavan, who was inducted as defence minister by Prime Minister

2656:, Marathi became the official court language. The Yadava capital Devagiri became a magnet for learned scholars in Marathi to showcase their skills and find patronage. The origin and growth of 8843: 8366: 6052:"Swarming up from the Himalayas, the Marathas now ruled from the Indus and Himalayas in the north to the south tip of the peninsula. They were either masters directly or they took tribute." 5638:

PRÄNT, TARAF, SSDAROF SE, DSISDARO DIWAN, and SS DAR OF NORTH DIWAN. "MARATHA ADMINISTRATION." A Comprehensive History of Medieval India: Twelfth to the Mid-eighteenth Century (2011): 322.

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with fire pits. Some settlements show evidence of planning in the layout of rectangular houses and streets or lanes. In the Late Harappan period there was a large migration of people from

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being the first chief minister of the state. Since its inception, the state has seen huge growth in industry, increased urbanization, and migration of people from other states of India.

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for this task and adopted the Sanskrit-dominated dialect spoken by this caste in the city as the standard dialect for Marathi. Company rule came to an end when, under the terms of

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liberalised the education sector in 1982. Politicians and leaders involved in the huge cooperative movement in Maharashtra were instrumental in setting up the private institutes.

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that remained free until the advent of the Mughals. From the reign of Akbar to that of Aurangzeb, the Gonds were vassals of the Mughals. During the reign of Aurangzeb, Gond king

8850:. International Symposium on Climate Variability and Food Security in Developing Countries, 5–9 February 1987 New Delhi, India. Manila: International Rice Research Institute. 8045:

Anand, V., 2004. Multi-party accountability for environmentally sustainable industrial development: the challenge of active citizenship. PRIA Study Report, no. 4, March 2004.

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Habib, Irfan, and Faiz Habib. "INDIA IN THE SEVENTH CENTURY — A SURVEY OF POLITICAL GEOGRAPHY." Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, vol. 60, 1999, pp. 89–128. JSTOR,

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American Association for the Advancement of Science; Indian National Science Academy; International Rice Research Institute; Indian Council of Agricultural Research (1989).

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Abhang, C. J. (2014). UNPUBLISHED DOCUMENTS OF EAST INDIA COMPANY REGARDING DESTRUCTION OF FORTS IN JUNNER REGION. Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, 75, 448–454.

3578:, also served as capitals or regional headquarters during this period. All these places declined after they lost royal patronage due to the fall of their ruling dynasties. 7360: 2012: 6258:

Maloni, Ruby. “THE ANGRES AND THE ENGLISH—CONTENDERS FOR POWER ON THE WEST COAST OF INDIA.” Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, vol. 66, 2005, pp. 546–51. JSTOR,

3269:(general), was 20 years old at the time of his appointment as Peshwa in 1720. For his campaigns in North India, he actively promoted young leaders of his own age such as 8127: 5033: 6568:"The Indian empire : its history, topography, government, finance, commerce, and staple products : with a full account of the mutiny of the native troops ..." 4376:(MNS). Raj Thackeray, like his uncle, also tried to win support from the Marathi community by whipping up anti-immigrant sentiment in Maharashtra, for instance against 2889:

started capturing territories held by the Deccan sultanates towards the end of 16th century. The Mughals controlled most of present-day northern Maharashtra (including

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having been found in the region. Buddhism flourished during this period. Trade in Maharashtra flourished through international trade with the Greeks and later with the

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was the first of the European powers to establish ports and colonies in India. Their possessions in present day Maharashtra included the island of Mumbai, the port of

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income, absence of alternative income opportunities, and the absence of suitable counselling services. In 2004, the Mumbai High Court commissioned a report from the

4981: 8427: 2484:, the ruler of the Rashtrakuta Dynasty, "one of the four great kings of the world". The Chalukya dynasty and Rashtrakuta dynasty had their capitals in modern-day 7736: 5598:

Kosambi, Meera. “Commerce, Conquest and the Colonial City: Role of Locational Factors in Rise of Bombay.” Economic and Political Weekly 20, no. 1 (1985): 32–37.

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By the end of the 19th century, a modern manufacturing industry was developing in Mumbai. The main product was cotton, and the bulk of the work force in these

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People from Maharashtra played an important part in the nationalist, social, and religious reform movements of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Notable

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On 29 August 1947, the Constituent Assembly set up a Drafting Committee under the Chairmanship of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar to prepare a Draft Constitution for India.

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Fukazawa, H., 1972. Rural Servants in the 18th Century Maharashtrian Village—Demiurgic or Jajmani System?. Hitotsubashi journal of economics, 12(2), pp.14-40.

3530:(village record-keeper). These were hereditary positions. The Patil usually came from the Maratha caste, and the Kulkarni was usually from Marathi Brahmin or 7621:

Subramanian, R.R., A Tale of Two Cities: Reconstructing the 'Bajao Pungi, Hatao Lungi'campaign in Bombay, and the Birth of the 'Other'. Editorial Note, p.37.

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became important when the East India Company moved their operations from Surat in 1700s. They also invited different Gujarati mercantile classes—such as the

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Kulkarni, G.T. (1992). "Deccan (Maharashtra) Under the Muslim Rulers From Khaljis to Shivaji: A Study in Interaction, Professor S.M. Katre Felicitation".

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Sinopoli, C.M., 2001. On the edge of empire: Form and substance in the Satavahana dynasty. Empires: Perspectives from archaeology and history, p.163, 173.

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as the party's aims. In the 1930s, Jedhe merged the NBP with the Congress party, changing it from upper-caste-dominated to a more broadly based but still

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Kosambi, M. (1985). Commerce, Conquest and the Colonial City: Role of Locational Factors in Rise of Bombay. Economic and Political Weekly, 20(1), 32–37.

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in 1831. The book is still in print nearly two centuries after its publication. Molesworth also worked on standardizing Marathi. He employed Brahmins of

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during the 18th century, and later as a vassal of the British until the Indian independence. For a part of this period, the Nizam also had control over

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as depicted in 1813 by British artist Robert Melville Grindlay. The palace of the Purandares and courtiers of the Peshwas can be seen in the background.

8463: 5145: 4323:. During his career, Pawar split Congress twice, with significant consequences for state politics. In 1999, after his dispute with the party president 3526:. The lowest administrative unit was the village. Village society in Marathi areas included the Patil (head of the village), collector of revenue, and 4965: 4042:

was given in Mumbai and culminated in the transfer of power and the independence of India in 1947. Raosaheb and Achutrao Patwardhan, Nanasaheb Gore,

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MATE, M. S. (1996). URBAN CULTURE OF MEDIEVAL DECCAN (1300 A.D. TO 1650 A.D.). Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute, 56/57, 161–217.

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However, the Marathas were the greatest menace to Ali Vardi Khan. There were as many as five Maratha invasions in 1742, 1743, 1744, 1745 and 1748.

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Around the middle of the 12th century, as Chalukya power waned, the Yadavas declared independence. Their rule reached its peak under Singhana II.

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so far, as many as 10 (55%) have been Maratha. Since the 1980s, this group has also been active in setting up private educational institutions.

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loyally served different sultans at different periods in time. Since most of the population was Hindu and spoke Marathi, even sultans such as

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Before British rule, the Maharashtra region was divided into many revenue divisions. The medieval equivalent of a county or district was the

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launched an attack on the Marathas and Deccan sultanates of Adilshahi and Qutbshahi in 1681. Although he soon vanquished the sultanates, the

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Majumdar, Sumit K. (2012), India's Late, Late Industrial Revolution: Democratizing Entrepreneurship, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,

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that formed the seed of the Maratha Empire. To build his territory, he fought not only the Mughals and the Adilshahi, but also many Maratha

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Das, A. (2011), Farmers' suicide in India: implications for public mental health, International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 57(1), 21–29

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was Chief Minister from 1963 to 1975. The politics of the state in this period was also dominated by leaders such as Yashwantrao Chavan,

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Shivaji was an able administrator and established a government that paid the generals and ministers a salary rather than granting them

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of the Maratha Empire in 1818. Nagpur became prominent during the reign of the Raghujee Bhonsle and his descendants in the mid-1700s.

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tax on non-Muslims, temple destruction, and forcible conversions. Eventually these incidents largely ceased. For most of this period,

7687: 2360:. Most of these empires extended over large swathes of Indian territory. Some of the greatest monuments in Maharashtra, such as the 9758: 6479: 6064: 3913:. The Sarvajanik Sabha took an active part in relief efforts during the famine of 1875–76, and is considered the forerunner of the 3736:

from the defeated Maratha Empire in the Maharashtra region. Both these states were abolished by the 1850s by the company under the

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Shirgaonkar, Varsha S. "Eighteenth Century Deccan: Cultural History of the Peshwas." Aryan Books International, New Delhi (2010).

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If Konow is right, then the length of time for Ksatrapa rule in the Nasik-Karla-Junnar region would be at least thirty-five years.

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became a significant personality within the state in 1978 when he broke away from the INC to form an alliance government with the

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worship to forge a collective Maharashtrian identity for Marathi people. The Marathi social reformers of the colonial era include

9773: 2535: 2469:, who defeated Arab invaders in the 8th century. The name 'Maharashtra' appears on a 7th-century inscription by Pulakeshin II at 6846: 6339: 4848:

Deo, S. B. "The Genesis of Maharashtra History and Culture." Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute 43 (1984): 17-36.

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Omvedt, G.in 1973. Development of the Maharashtrian Class Structure, 1818 to 1931. Economic and Political Weekly, pp.1417-1432.

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Kamat, AR (October 1980). "Politico-economic developments in Maharashtra: a review of the post-independence period, - JSTOR".

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houses based in North Konkan, South Konkan, and Kolhapur. At different periods in their history, the Shilaharas served as the

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By 1760, the domain of the Marathas stretched across most of the Indian subcontinent. At its peak, the empire stretched from

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in 1956 (in yellowish green). After reorganization in 1956, regions of the state west of the red and blue lines merged with

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members of the Angre family remained operational but was in a state of decline by the 1770s, and ceased to exist by 1818.

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Gruère, G. & Sengupta, D. (2011), Bt cotton and farmer suicides in India: an evidence-based assessment, The Journal of

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of the Congress party was the last Chief Minister of Maharashtra under the Congress–NCP alliance that governed until 2014.

3323: 3300: 3180:. The Marathas also expanded further south into Southern India, defeating the independent local rulers there and capturing 2940:, and later his successors. The decline of Islamic rule in the Deccan region started when Shivaji annexed a portion of the 7331: 4761: 4331:(NCP); however, the party joined a Congress-led coalition to form the state government after the 1999 Assembly elections. 6374: 5902: 4132:

reorganized the Indian states along linguistic lines, and Bombay State was enlarged by the addition of the predominantly

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The non-Brahmin Hindu castes of Maharashtra started organizing at the beginning of the 20th century with the blessing of

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established in 1885. The most prominent personalities of Indian Nationalism in the late 19th and early 20th century were

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Prior to Indian independence, notable dynasties and entities that ruled the region included, in chronological order, the

2039: 1772: 7940: 6653:

Regani, Sarojini. “THE CESSION OF BERAR.” Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, vol. 20, 1957, pp. 252–59. JSTOR,

5546: 2735: 9766: 8438: 6631: 6330: 6273: 5735: 5556: 3925:, who were on opposite sides of the political spectrum and both from Pune. Tilak was instrumental in using Shivaji and 3864: 3299:. In 1737, the Marathas defeated a Mughal army at their capital, in the First Battle of Delhi. The Marathas continued 8663: 8646: 7493: 7142: 6935: 6884: 6741: 6384: 6357: 6347: 5988: 5957: 5778: 5583: 4717: 4535: 4506:. The public distribution system distributed food through fair-price shops. No deaths from starvation were reported. 3972:

and Baburao Javalkar, both of whom belonged to the Non-Brahmin Party (NBP). Their early goals included capturing the

3399: 3133:). He established an effective civil and military administration, built a powerful navy, and erected new forts (e.g. 2243:(ca. 1300–700 BCE) have been discovered throughout the state. The largest settlement discovered of the culture is at 249: 7965:

Dahiwale, S. M. (February 1995). "Consolidation of Maratha Dominance in Maharashtra Economic and Political Weekly".

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Shirgaonkar, Varsha S. "Peshwyanche Vilasi Jeevan." (Luxurious Life of Peshwas) Continental Prakashan, Pune (2012).

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Even as Aurangzeb drove west, deep into Maratha territory, the Marathas expanded eastwards into the Mughal lands of

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Causes of Farmer Suicides in Maharashtra: An Enquiry. Final Report Submitted to the Mumbai High Court 15 March 2005

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From 1954 to 1955, the people of Marathi-speaking areas strongly protested against being included in the bilingual

4046:, Yeshwantrao Chavan, Swami Ramanand Bharti, Nana Patil, Dhulappa Navale, V.S. Page, Vasant Patil, Dhondiram Mali, 6811: 2707:

In the early 14th century, the Yadava dynasty, which ruled most of present-day Maharashtra, was overthrown by the

10021: 9722: 8306: 6233: 5725: 4254: 7156: 3728:—and the important fort of Sinhagad overlooking the city of Pune. The company also created the vassal states of 3350:, wherein the strongest knights were granted semi-autonomy, creating a confederacy of Maratha states led by the 2691:

descent. Digambar Balkrishna Mokashi noted that the Yadava dynasty "seems to be the first true Maratha empire".

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The origins of industrial capitalism in India business strategies and the working classes in Bombay, 1900-1940

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in the second half of the 17th century. In the process, he became a symbol of Hindu resistance and self-rule.

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Although the Maratha Empire dominated most of India during the 18th century, they mostly ruled by collecting

3335: 2601:, the son of Subahu, from 860 to 880 CE. It is unclear where his capital was located; some argue that it was 1857: 9073: 9068: 7246: 5522:

India: Nation on the Move: An Overview of India's People, Culture, History, Economy, IT Industry, & More

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During the Middle Kingdoms the region of present-day Maharashtra formed part of many states, including the

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In 1775, the East India Company intervened in a Peshwa family succession struggle in Pune, leading to the

2106:. Ruins, monuments, tombs, forts, and places of worship left by these rulers are dotted around the state. 9852: 8546: 4384: 4180: 4153: 3751: 3296: 2118: 1967: 1837: 7013: 5239:

Cultural Politics in Modern India: Postcolonial prospects, colourful cosmopolitanism, global proximities

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The present state of Maharashtra came into being on 1 May 1960 as a Marathi-speaking state according to

4050:, Ashfaqulla Khan, and several other leaders from Maharashtra played a prominent role in this struggle. 9241: 8953: 8929: 8728: 8501: 5980: 5949: 5077: 4373: 4328: 3807: 2952:

Although Islamic rulers dominated most of Maharashtra region after the fall of Deogiri Yadavas, in the

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In the second half of the 17th century, the Mughals were constantly challenged by the Marathas under

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The Geopolitical Orbits of Ancient India: The Geographical Frames of the ... by Dilip K Chakrabarty

4305:. During its period of dominance, the INC enjoyed overwhelming support from the state's influential 9937: 9907: 9328: 9158: 7045:

Omvedt, G., 1973. Non-Brahmans and Communists in Bombay. Economic and Political Weekly, pp.749-759.

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For the better part of its existence, politics of the state was also dominated by the mainly rural

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Lesson in progress in a classroom at a Nagpur Government Boys School in 1870 during the British Raj

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Contradictions and conflict: a dialectical political anthropology of a University in Western India

9832: 9718: 8984: 8020: 7336: 5445: 4043: 4016: 3815: 3709: 3705: 3406: 3339: 3154: 2724: 2587: 2526:. Several battles over the Deccan Plateau were fought between these empires during the reigns of 2519: 2083: 1977: 1942: 1777: 1557: 1106: 658: 587: 6903:

Provincial Politics and Indian nationalism: Bombay and the Indian National Congress, 1880 - 1915

5573: 9995: 9947: 9942: 9183: 9168: 9163: 8092: 7191: 5907:(Digitally print. 1. pbk. version. ed.). Cambridge : Cambridge Univ Pr. pp. 117–121. 5122: 4784: 4527: 4464: 4354: 3930: 3902: 2849:

of Elichpur. These kingdoms often fought with each other. United, they decisively defeated the

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Emergence of an Industrial Labor Force in India: A Study of the Bombay Cotton Mills, 1854-1947

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Islamic Renaissance In South Asia (1707–1867): The Role Of Shah Waliallah & His Successors

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and rural agricultural cooperatives involved in the marketing of dairy and vegetable produce.

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on the Konkan coast. Portuguese colonies in India were ruled by a Portuguese viceroy based in

9970: 9922: 9208: 9203: 8651: 8207:

Lalvani, Mala (2008). "Sugar Co-operatives in Maharashtra: A Political Economy Perspective".

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Sovani, N.V., 1951. Social Survey of Kolhapur City Vol. Ii-Industry, Trade And Labour, pp=2-4

4877: 4032: 3981: 3918: 3683: 3434: 3029: 3025: 2914: 2399:, which ruled the area for the next 400 years. A notable ruler of the Satavahana dynasty was 2129:

was the largest, and extended over many modern Indian states. Other states grouped under the

1927: 1897: 1762: 1717: 1547: 1186: 1176: 1146: 878: 858: 719: 88: 50: 8544: 8271:"Problems and Prospects of the Cooperative Movement in India Under the Globalization Regime" 7993: 7887: 7828: 7634: 6731: 6699: 6594: 6307:

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were in charge of accounts whereas revenue collection was in the hands of Marathas who had

2716: 2174: 2130: 2007: 1862: 1847: 1792: 1433: 7695: 6736:. Engblom, Philip C (Translator). Albany: State University of New York Press. p. 18. 8: 9897: 9467: 9434: 9429: 9363: 9348: 8524: 8488: 8328:

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6626:(Digitally print. version. ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. pp. 81–82. 6349:

Gandhi's Tiger and Sita's Smile: Essays on Gender, Sexuality, and Culture - Google Books

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Palshikar, S; Birmal, N (18 December 2004). "Maharashtra: Towards a New Party System".

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John Briggs in Maharashtra: A Study of District Administration Under Early British rule

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Wilkinson, Steven (January 2005). "Elections in India: Behind the Congress Comeback".

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starts in two places in Maharashtra, namely Alandi and Dehu. In its present form, the

3091:

Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj was the founder of the Maratha Empire. He was born in the

3024:. The Portuguese ceded Mumbai to the British as a dowry when the Portuguese princess, 2480:

ruled Maharashtra from the 8th to the 10th century. The Arab traveler Sulaiman called

9990: 9917: 9902: 9867: 9738: 9505: 9424: 9406: 9305: 9295: 9290: 9277: 9256: 9036: 9012: 9008: 8988: 8957: 8933: 8919: 8902: 8878: 8851: 8821: 8810: 8800: 8777: 8752: 8732: 8718: 8704: 8676: 8659: 8642: 8228: 8096: 8026: 7999: 7893: 7863: 7836: 7667: 7640: 7581: 7533: 7499: 7252: 7225: 7195: 7162: 7138: 7089: 7019: 6977: 6941: 6907: 6880: 6852: 6817: 6785: 6764: 6737: 6710: 6627: 6600: 6380: 6353: 6326: 6279: 6239: 6176: 6151: 6109: 6070: 6025: 5984: 5953: 5908: 5874: 5840: 5819: 5774: 5758: 5731: 5704: 5677: 5619: 5579: 5552: 5525: 5466: 5419: 5375: 5294: 5267: 5242: 5195: 5006: 4810: 4713: 4688: 4684: 4676:

A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century

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A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century

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societies after independence. In fact, it was an integral part of the then-governing

4420: 4416: 4358: 4302: 4226: 4055: 3965: 3852: 3847: 3831: 3765:

dates back to 1820s. At that time, Sant Tukaram's descendants, and a devotee of Sant

3737: 3651: 3643: 3483: 3253: 2977: 2826: 2755: 2712: 2567: 2527: 2381: 2294:. Linguists and archeologists believe it is likely that Maharashtra was inhabited by 2216: 2114: 2091: 2087: 2002: 1972: 1882: 1877: 1822: 1767: 1597: 1487: 1466: 1422: 1392: 1096: 1026: 1016: 986: 468: 430: 310: 62: 8270: 6567: 3157:

lasted 27 years. This period also saw the capture and death of Shivaji's first son,

2473:

proclaiming sovereignty over the "three Mahārāshtrakas with their 99,000 villages".

9980: 9827: 9822: 9796: 9567: 9525: 9477: 9386: 9333: 9178: 8867: 8634: 8243: 8216: 7569: 7444: 6452: 5799: 5667: 4479: 4365: 4294: 4282: 4208: 4133: 3934: 3856: 3803: 3725: 3438: 3391: 3274: 3009: 2918: 2758:

governed the region as well as the wider Deccan region for the next 150 years from

2680: 2664: 2652:

was used as a court language by earlier Yadava rulers, but starting with the ruler

2634: 2617:

comes from Dridhaprahara's son, Seunachandra, who originally ruled a region called

2531: 2454: 2415: 2411:

language on their coins and the inscriptions on the walls of Buddhist monasteries.

2353: 2349: 2310: 2182: 2162: 2154: 1997: 1932: 1902: 1887: 1842: 1827: 1812: 1782: 1677: 1372: 1156: 1066: 945: 935: 888: 817: 796: 386: 376: 215: 150: 7914:"Maratha morcha: Over 150 MLAs, MLCs set to join the march in Nagpur on Wednesday" 6298:

Wink, A., 1983. Maratha revenue farming. Modern Asian Studies, 17(04), pp.591-628.

4435: 3814:

script. The most comprehensive Marathi–English dictionary was compiled by Captain

9957: 9577: 9520: 9515: 9487: 9459: 9449: 9444: 9439: 9416: 9401: 9338: 9315: 9300: 9026: 9002: 8974: 8970: 8947: 8923: 8915: 8892: 8845: 8794: 8793:(1997), African Rights (Organization) and International African Institute (ed.), 8746: 8722: 8614: 7370: 7309: 5671: 5369: 4858: 4613: 4456: 4408: 4192: 4145: 4078: 3969: 3954: 3906: 3758: 3659: 3618: 3575: 3359: 3308: 3288: 3177: 3134: 3037: 2739: 2708: 2642: 2575: 2543: 2466: 2345: 2325: 2279: 2251:

site, which had a mud fortification during this period, as well as an elliptical

2126: 2122: 2071: 1455: 1444: 1402: 1382: 1300: 1267: 848: 776: 736: 648: 608: 570: 488: 8500:

Schurman, R. (2013), Shadow space: suicides and the predicament of rural India,

7889:

State intervention and popular response: western India in the nineteenth century

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London; New York : London Print. and Pub. Co. – via Internet Archive.

3425:, this navy dominated the territorial waters of the western coast of India from 2993: 2873:

region between 1382 and 1601 before finally being annexed by the Mughal Empire.

9837: 9665: 9472: 9396: 9391: 9353: 9285: 9198: 9188: 5790:

Pearson, M.N. (February 1976). "Shivaji and the Decline of the Mughal Empire".

4518:

Since 1990s, there has been a huge increase in number of suicides committed by

4452: 4343: 4298: 4290: 4188: 4098: 4008: 4004: 3992: 3942: 3938: 3663: 3655: 3647: 3622: 3538: 3387: 3383: 3312: 3292: 3282: 3198: 3138: 3085: 3049: 2998: 2982: 2965: 2866: 2720: 2579: 2515: 2322: 2134: 2099: 1665: 1617: 1311: 1289: 1257: 1235: 1196: 1126: 1116: 976: 709: 519: 21: 8220: 7663:

Rise of the Plebeians?: The Changing Face of the Indian Legislative Assemblies

7158:

Rival Claims: Ethnic Violence and Territorial Autonomy Under Indian Federalism

4407:. Major past political figures of the Congress party from Maharashtra—such as 4027:, and leading to the Dalit movement that still endures. As the nation's first 2818:

adopted Marathi as the court language, for administration and record keeping.

10015: 9510: 9497: 9371: 9103: 7420: 6816:(first ed.). Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars. pp. 136–184. 4969: 4807:

A Population History of India:From the First Modern People to the Present Day

4609: 4388: 4377: 4369: 4339: 4229:, Medak, Nizamabad, and Mahaboobnagar districts of the new Telugu State (now 4117: 3898: 3639: 3602: 3422: 3375: 3338:

in the east. The northwestern expansion of the Marathas was halted after the

3270: 3217: 3060: 2882: 2783: 2638: 2598: 2571: 2523: 2458: 2377: 2337: 2306: 2248: 2240: 2221: 2095: 2067: 1587: 1527: 1352: 746: 699: 679: 553: 536: 498: 478: 413: 197: 187: 177: 120: 8765: 8629: 8525:"Risks, Farmers' Suicides and Agrarian Crisis in India: Is There A Way Out?" 7765:"Maharashtra CM Prithviraj Chavan's rivals get key posts for Assembly polls" 6128:

Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Bharatiya Itihasa Samiti, Ramesh Chandra Majumdar –

4342:, a cartoonist and journalist, to advocate and agitate for the interests of 4233:), to the east of Maharashtra. Maharashtra continues to have a dispute with 4128:, which was created from the former Bombay Presidency in 1950. In 1956, the 2554: 2113:

in the early 20th century, the region—along with the British-ruled areas of

9749: 9640: 8790: 4889: 4531: 4530:. Other reasons included the difficulty of farming semi-arid regions, poor 4468: 4324: 4320: 4316: 4310: 4176: 4168: 4125: 4094: 4086: 4082: 4062: 3977: 3819: 3733: 3729: 3667: 3594: 3450: 3418: 3363: 3355: 3033: 2973: 2969: 2703:

Tomb of Salabat Khan II, an example of architecture of Ahmadnagar Sultanate

2699: 2539: 2481: 2438: 2365: 2361: 2299: 2291: 2236: 2165:-speaking state in the 1950s, the state of Maharashtra was formed in 1960. 1707: 1697: 1577: 1567: 1497: 1332: 1322: 1206: 1136: 918: 838: 458: 322: 270: 138: 8302: 8276:. XIV International Economic History Congress, Helsinki 2006, Session 72. 7833:

Rise of the plebeians?: the changing face of Indian legislative assemblies

7573: 6596:

The Satara Raj, 1818-1848: A Study in History, Administration, and Culture

5398:

Social and Political Life in the Vijayanagara Empire (A.D. 1346-A.D. 1646)

3537:

Villages used a caste-based system of twelve hereditary trades called the

2694: 9592: 9582: 9226: 9113: 8675:(1. publ. ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 154. 8180:

Baviskar, B. S. (2007). "Cooperatives in Maharashtra: Challenges Ahead".

7769: 7224:(1st pbk. ed.). Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. p. 33. 4372:

in 2006. Raj Thackeray then left the party and formed a new party called

4183:

was formed to fight for a united Maharashtra for the Marathi people. The

3843: 3766: 3747: 3442: 3421:

during his rule. In the early part of the 1700s, under the leadership of

3347: 3278: 3245: 3119: 3077: 2961: 2902: 2626: 2591: 2434: 2287: 2146: 2103: 2059: 1727: 1687: 1647: 1046: 908: 898: 8464:"In 80% farmer-suicides due to debt, loans from banks, not moneylenders" 8193: 7737:"Clean yet invisible: Prithviraj Chavan quits as CM, did anyone notice?" 7248:

World cities beyond the West: globalization, development, and inequality

6325:(1. publ. ed.). New York: Cambridge University. pp. 22, xiii. 5328: 4747:"Substrate Languages in Old Indo-Aryan (Ṛgvedic, Middle and Late Vedic)" 4269: 3957:. Jyotirao Phule was a pioneer in opening schools for girls and Marathi 3213: 2766:. The early period of Islamic rule saw atrocities such as imposition of 2328:

ruled part of the region during the early part of the first millennium.

2197: 9695: 9630: 9610: 9587: 9246: 8341: 8268: 8166: 7978: 7722: 7608: 7467: 7405: 7068: 6654: 6581: 6409: 6259: 5811: 5730:(1. publ. ed.). New York: Cambridge University. pp. 101–105. 5187: 4925: 4196: 4137: 4111: 3980:

festivals from Brahmin domination. They combined nationalism with anti-

3811: 3789:(litter), having horses involved in the procession, and organizing the 3717: 3701: 3581: 3563: 3491: 3430: 3395: 3319: 3221: 3193: 2926: 2910: 2894: 2630: 1637: 1537: 1247: 7251:(Repr. ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 334. 6497: 6464: 5599: 5501: 4163: 3887: 2921:

in the Deccan region and was considered a great foe by Mughal emperor

2790:(revenue collection over a larger area). A number of families such as 2605:, while an early inscription suggests it was Chandradityapura (modern 9032: 8796:

Famine crimes: politics \& the disaster relief industry in Africa

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Guillaume P. Gruère, Purvi Mehta-Bhatt and Debdatta Sengupta (2008).

7741: 4998: 4895: 4472: 4404: 4364:

A split emerged within Shiv Sena when Bal Thackeray anointed his son

4335: 4234: 4230: 4157: 4090: 4051: 3879: 3567: 3523: 3499: 3495: 3482:

at times but was also in constant conflict with the Marathas was the

3262: 3150: 2957: 2956:

region of present-day Maharashtra—and adjoining areas of present day

2930: 2842: 2838: 2811: 2747: 2743: 2504: 2499:

Between 800 and 1200 CE, parts of Western Maharashtra, including the

2485: 2446: 2262:

Maharashtra was historically the name of a region which consisted of

2186: 1607: 8748:

Advanced Study in the History of Modern India: Volume One: 1707–1813

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Witzel, Michael (2000). "The Languages of Harappa". In Kenoyer, J..

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have been central to the economy and politics of Western Maharashtra

3834:

and the rest of British India came under the British crown in 1858.

2426: 9680: 9660: 9650: 9625: 9620: 9251: 9231: 9173: 8565:"Farmers suicide in India: magnitudes, trends and spatial patterns" 7085:

Religious Converts in India: Socio-political Study of Neo-Buddhists

6456: 4149: 4121: 4024: 3968:. The campaign took off in the early 1920s under the leadership of 3791: 3527: 3519: 3503: 3426: 3331: 3249: 3220:, the palace and administrative headquarters in Pune, was built by 3158: 3107: 2953: 2933:, who had ambitions to secure the Delhi throne for her son-in-law. 2922: 2898: 2890: 2870: 2862: 2846: 2834: 2822: 2787: 2777: 2759: 2649: 2622: 2606: 2583: 2493: 2404: 2267: 2263: 2244: 2206: 1957: 868: 333: 110: 100: 6480:"Forgotten Indian history: The brutal Maratha invasions of Bengal" 6005:"Forgotten Indian history: The brutal Maratha invasions of Bengal" 3141:) on the west coast of Maharashtra. He died around April 3, 1680. 2597:

The earliest historically attested ruler of the Seuna dynasty was

9690: 9645: 8269:

Banishree Das; Nirod Kumar Palai & Kumar Das (18 July 2006).

7797: 7161:. Ann arbor, MI, USA: University of Michigan press. p. 129. 6756: 4395: 4238: 4213: 3985: 3973: 3926: 3774: 3770: 3515: 3371: 3351: 3166: 3103: 3092: 3081: 3072: 2937: 2825:

sultanate in 1518, the Maharashtra region was split between five

2803: 2795: 2771: 2688: 2653: 2489: 2256: 2202: 1166: 71: 9064:

Maharashtra State Past Present & History In Marathi Language

8814: 8547:"Bt Cotton and Farmer Suicides in India: Reviewing the Evidence" 7659: 5487:"Malik Ambar (1548–1626): the rise and fall of military slavery" 3040:

from the Portuguese in 1739 and ruled these regions until 1774.

9685: 9675: 9670: 9572: 9557: 9547: 9236: 9134: 9126: 8641:

3 vols. London, Longmans, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green (1826).

8630:महाराष्ट्राचा गौरवशाली इतिहास / The History of Maharashtra..... 8596:

644 farmer suicides in Maharashtra since 2001, says TISS report

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Omvedt, Gail (1974). "Non-Brahmans and Nationalists in Poona".

6763:(2nd ed.). Pune: J.C. Furla, Shubhada Saraswat Prakashan. 6514: 4561: 4347: 4242: 4221: 3713: 3698: 3693: 3608: 3590: 3586: 3571: 3467: 3379: 3266: 3241: 3233: 3205:

in the 18th and early 19th century until it was usurped by the

3181: 2854: 2799: 2791: 2508: 2500: 2470: 2462: 2389: 2385: 2314: 2275: 2271: 2252: 2142: 966: 7340:. Dainik Bhaskar Group. Diligent Media Corporation. 1 May 2014 5264:

Sultans of the South: Arts of India's Deccan Courts, 1323-1687

4327:

over her foreign origins, Pawar left the party and formed the

3613: 2518:, including a large part of Maharashtra, was dominated by the 9791: 9655: 9635: 9615: 9562: 8059:"Pimpri-Chinchwad industrial belt: Placing Pune at the front" 7932: 7636:

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6566:

Martin, Robert Montgomery; Roberts, Emma (20 February 2019).

6443:(1985). "The Religious Complex in Eighteenth-Century Poona". 4991: 4680: 4523: 4399: 4000: 3996: 3958: 3742: 3670:. Apart from Hyderabad, other princely states came under the 3598: 3446: 3367: 3173: 3017: 3013: 2886: 2807: 2767: 2763: 2610: 2395:

Around 230 BCE, the Maharashtra region was taken over by the

2138: 8799:, African Rights & the International African Institute, 5019: 4946:

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2371: 2331: 2321:. Traders were the primary patrons of Buddhist monasteries. 2302:, as suggested by Dravidian names of places in Maharashtra. 9552: 7886:

Sirsikar, V.M. (1999). Kulkarni, A.R.; Wagle, N.K. (eds.).

7532:(2nd ed.). : Cambridge University Press. p. 142. 7498:(2nd ed.). : Cambridge University Press. p. 127. 7018:. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. p. 33. 5164: 4035:

and is considered the 'Father of the Indian Constitution'.

3901:

founded by Marathi leaders during 19th century include the

3823: 3642:. During this era, Maharashtra region was divided into the 3449:

naval ships and kept a check on their naval ambitions. The

3165:, his second son and successor, and later Rajaram's widow, 3130: 3056: 2229: 2178: 2150: 1627: 6275:

Coastal Histories: Society and Ecology in Pre-modern India

3810:. Carey also published the first dictionary of Marathi in 3098:

in 1630. Shivaji carved out an enclave from the declining

2913:

from 1607 to 1626. He increased the strength and power of

2754:

After the collapse of the Tughluqs in 1347, the breakaway

6786:"A dictionary, Marathi and English. 2d ed., rev. and enl" 5262:

Haidar, Navina Najat; Sardar, Marika (27 December 2011).

4633:

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3531: 3021: 8022:

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5026: 4734:

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4423:, and Sharad Pawar—have been from this group. Of the 18 2917:

and raised a large army. Malik Ambar was a proponent of

2660:

is directly linked with the rise of the Yadava dynasty.

2566:(12th–14th century) ruled a kingdom stretching from the 8396: 7688:"Shiv Sena politician convicted over 1992 Mumbai riots" 6502: 4003:

caste. Ambedkar disagreed with mainstream leaders like

2925:. He assisted the Mughal prince Khurram (later emperor 2695:

Medieval and early modern period (1206–18th century CE)

8776:, Oxford: Oxford University Press US, pp. 32–33, 5394: 5290:

Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals Part - II

8348: 7881: 7879: 4309:, as well as thousands of other cooperatives such as 4156:. The southernmost part of Bombay State was ceded to 3769:

named Haibatravbaba Arphalkar (who was a courtier of

3465:

One of the tools of the empire was the collection of

2775: 2421: 8717: 8516: 8408: 8372: 6083: 5945:

Land and Local Kingship in Eighteenth-Century Bengal

5507: 5216:"Kingdoms of South Asia – Indian Bahamani Sultanate" 5078:"India 2000 – States and Union Territories of India" 5057: 5055: 5034:"Nasik District Gazetteer: History – Ancient period" 4586:"Konkani vs Marathi: Language battles in golden Goa" 3570:. Places with history going back millennia, such as 2723:, and temporarily shifted his capital from Delhi to 2514:

From the early 11th century to the 12th century the

2161:

from the British in 1947 and a campaign to create a

8384: 7653: 6974:

Intersections: socio-cultural trends in Maharashtra

6940:(1. publ. ed.). New Delhi : Sage. p. 87. 6538: 6526: 5143: 4785:"Early Sources for South Asian Substrate Languages" 8866: 8774:The Political Economy of Hunger: Famine prevention 8696: 8084: 7876: 7831:. In Kumar, Sanjay; Jaffrelot, Christophe (eds.). 7632: 7183: 6848:Handbook of twentieth century literatures of India 6698: 6101: 5666: 4901: 3740:policy that refused succession of an adopted son. 7660:Christophe Jaffrelot; Sanjay Kumar (4 May 2012). 7448:. Deccan Chronicle Holdings Limited. 30 July 2014 7297: 6845:Deo, Shripad D. (1996). Natarajan, Nalini (ed.). 5605: 5321:Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute 5052: 3478:from local states. A significant state that paid 3344:Maratha authority in the north was re-established 3188: 3144: 10013: 8946:Metcalf, Barbara D.; Metcalf, Thomas R. (2012), 8244:"Sugar cooperatives on death bed in Maharashtra" 7639:. Princeton University Press. pp. 102–103. 6592: 6095: 5611: 5551:. Concept Publishing Company, 2007. p. 37. 5415:Warfare in Pre-British India - 1500BCE to 1740CE 4863:. Asiatic Society of Bombay. 1986. p. 219. 4485:Maharashtra was a pioneer in the development of 4054:was the first Chief Minister of the tri-lingual 4031:, Ambedkar played a pivotal role in writing the 3806:through the efforts of the Christian missionary 3781:. Haibatravbaba's changes involved carrying the 3545:were granted complex sets of hereditary rights ( 3295:, also expanded the Maratha rule in central and 2730: 2590:in Maharashtra). The Yadavas initially ruled as 2453:From the 6th century CE to the 8th century, the 8976:Modern India: The Origins of an Asian Democracy 8552:. International Food Policy Research Institute. 8532:Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research 7708: 7422:Politics in Maharashtra, Problems and Prospects 6421:Kosambi, Meera (1989). "Glory of Peshwa Pune". 5615:Student's Britannica: India (Set of 7 Vols.) 39 5578:. Concept Publishing Company. pp. 28, 68. 5148:. International Goan Convention. Archived from 4968:of Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300 by 4645: 4564:to be the final frontier of the Maratha Empire. 3991:Another notable Marathi figure of the time was 3506:or the Vidarbha region in eastern Maharashtra. 2746:, was built during the reign of Mughal Emperor 2558:Devgiri hill, the capital of the Yadava kingdom 2368:, were built during the time of these empires. 8945: 8914: 8586: 8584: 8522: 7862:. New Delhi: Mittal Publications. p. 27. 6851:. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. p. 212. 6520: 6173:Battles of the Honorourable East India Company 5367: 5286: 4712:. University of California Press. p. 87. 4449:Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation 3605:—to move to the port city to help with trade. 3066: 9774: 9089: 7822: 7820: 6996:Ramachandra Guha, "The Other Liberal Light," 6865: 6565: 6175:. A.P.H. Publishing Corporation. p. 63. 5344:"The Adil Shahi Kingdom (1510 CE to 1686 CE)" 5179: 4187:also advocated for a separate Gujarat state. 3494:region of present-day Maharashtra as well as 3043: 2988: 2511:of either the Rashtrakutas or the Chalukyas. 2457:ruled Maharashtra. Two prominent rulers were 2441:, was built during the 8th century CE by the 2040: 8981:The Short Oxford History of the Modern World 8437:. NCRB / Government of India. Archived from 7217: 6586: 6131:The History and Culture of the Indian People 6048:The Rediscovery of India: A New Subcontinent 5388: 5314: 5312: 5310: 5293:. Har-Anand Publications. pp. 188–189. 5261: 3625:and his associates were interned during the 3609:British rule and princely states (1818–1947) 3457: 2305:Maharashtra region later became part of the 8600: 8581: 7626: 6345: 6143: 5458: 5441:A Sketch of the Dynasties of Southern India 5411: 5280: 5266:. Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 186. 4839:Rath, Jayanti. "Queens and Coins of India." 2380:in the 4th and 3rd century BCE. One of the 9781: 9767: 9096: 9082: 8562: 7829:"Chapter 7 Maharashtra or Maratha Rashtra" 7817: 7190:. University of California Press. p. 6783: 6433: 5839:. Asian Educational Services. p. 28. 5832: 5703:. Cambridge University Press. p. 93. 5571: 5544: 5452: 5374:. Cambridge University Press. p. 16. 5361: 4353:In 1995, a coalition of Shiv Sena and the 4264: 3201:(1795 map) was the paramount power in the 2929:) in his struggle against his stepmother, 2853:of the south in 1565. The present area of 2786:(revenue collection at village level) and 2047: 2033: 8262: 8018: 7559: 6784:Molesworth, J. T. (James Thomas) (1857). 6696: 6372: 6231: 6164: 6062: 5866: 5697:Marshman, John Clark (18 November 2010). 5307: 5236: 5005:. Atlantic Monthly Pr. pp. 252–257. 4639: 4583: 4038:In 1942, the ultimatum to the British to 3995:, who led the campaign for the rights of 3859:, built in the early 20th century in the 3802:Company rule also saw standardization of 2629:, a later ruler in the dynasty, assisted 2549: 2372:Classical period (c. 200 BCE – c. 650 CE) 2332:Middle Kingdoms (200 BCE–13th century CE) 9976:Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu 8327: 8179: 8152: 8082: 7964: 7938: 7892:. Mumbai: Popular Prakashan. p. 9. 7885: 7529:The politics of India since independence 7495:The politics of India since independence 7428:. Poona: University of Poona. p. 8. 7418: 7391: 7081: 6619: 6445:Journal of the American Oriental Society 6170: 5696: 5649: 5572:Deogaonkar, Shashishekhar Gopal (1990). 5465:. Simon and Schuster. pp. 172–174. 5318: 5061: 4860:Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bombay 4710:Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300 4652:. Harvard University Press. p. 82. 4467:sector, and IT Parks were set up in the 4434: 4268: 4162: 4073: 3886: 3878: 3851: 3612: 3227: 3212: 3192: 3076: 2992: 2734: 2698: 2553: 2461:, who defeated the north Indian Emperor 2425: 2418:ruled from approximately 250 to 470 CE. 2215: 2196: 8820: 8772:, in Drèze, Jean; Sen, Amartya (eds.), 8700:Ancient Indian History and Civilization 8556: 8538: 8354: 8206: 8126:Bhosale, Jayashree (10 November 2007). 8125: 7358: 6899: 6871: 6760:Molesworth's Marathi-English dictionary 6729: 6477: 6439: 6420: 6017: 6011: 5860: 5826: 5789: 5783: 5405: 5237:Paranjape, Makarand (19 January 2016). 5185: 4809:. Oxford University Press. p. 26. 4089:, respectively; the rest of the state ( 3828:a proclamation issued by Queen Victoria 3708:. The governor of the new territories, 3409:, which resulted in a Maratha victory. 3161:, at the hands of the Mughals in 1689. 2407:invaders. This dynasty mainly used the 10014: 8283:from the original on 24 September 2015 8050: 8025:. Leiden: E.J. Brill. pp. 32–42. 7855: 7275:. Kolhapur Corporation. Archived from 7244: 7181: 7154: 7088:. Mittal Publications. pp. 1–20. 7054: 7011: 6970:"A Question of Maharashtrian identity" 6906:. Cambridge: Univ. Press. p. 92. 6809: 6318: 6271: 6198:280 years ago, Baroda had its own Navy 6069:. Adam Publishers & Distributors. 5972: 5941: 5900: 5723: 5650:Haig, Wolseley; Burn, Richard (1962). 5170: 5062:Kulkarni, Chidambara Martanda (1966). 4782: 4744: 4707: 3518:. The chief of the pargana was called 3509: 9762: 9077: 9024: 9000: 8969: 8764: 8744: 8668: 8414: 8402: 8378: 8309:from the original on 24 November 2014 8241: 8056: 7991: 7594: 7525: 7491: 7468:"The States Reorganisation Act, 1956" 6730:Mokashi, Digambar Balkrishna (1987). 6544: 6532: 6089: 6041: 5976:Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O 5519: 4804: 4672: 4496: 4289:, who died after one year in office, 3240:During much of the 18th century, the 3032:, the British monarch in 1661. Under 2574:, including present-day Maharashtra, 9028:India Under Colonial Rule: 1700–1885 9004:India under Colonial Rule: 1700–1885 8890: 8864: 8826:"Food security – by definition" 8789: 8606:Dandekar A, et al., Tata Institute. 8390: 8134:from the original on 10 October 2014 7826: 7110:"Some Facts of Constituent Assembly" 6967: 6655:http://www.jstor.org/stable/44304474 6582:http://www.jstor.org/stable/44158417 6508: 6478:Daniyal, Shoaib (21 December 2015). 6410:http://www.jstor.org/stable/42930498 6260:http://www.jstor.org/stable/44145870 5462:World's Great Men of Color, Volume I 5241:. Routledge India. pp. 34, 35. 5119:"Marathi - The Language of Warriors" 5064:Ancient Indian History & Culture 4997: 4926:http://www.jstor.org/stable/44144078 4666: 4584:Venkatesh, Karthik (5 August 2017). 4513: 4237:, to the south, over the regions of 4069: 3315:to further extend their boundaries. 2224:of Prakrit language, beginning with 2168:From the 4th century BCE until 875, 8250:from the original on 28 August 2011 7332:"The Samyukta Maharashtra movement" 7298:Radheshyam Jadhav (30 April 2010). 6933: 6844: 6623:The Indian princes and their states 6599:. Mittal Publications. p. 18. 6498:http://www.jstor.org/stable/4373936 6379:. Delhi: Mittal. pp. 118–119. 6105:An Advanced History of Modern India 5870:An Advanced History of Modern India 5600:http://www.jstor.org/stable/4373936 5520:Chary, Manish Telikicherla (2009). 5218:. The History Files, United Kingdom 5066:. Karnatak Pub. House. p. 233. 4870: 4754:Electronic Journal of Vedic Studies 3549:) to share in the village harvest. 3149:After Shivaji died, Mughal emperor 2290:inhabited this area, also known as 13: 8672:The new Cambridge history of India 8209:The Journal of Development Studies 7939:Kakodkar, Priyanka (1 July 2014). 7633:Thomas Blom Hansen (5 June 2018). 6976:. London: Sangam. pp. 59–70. 6877:Queen Victoria: A Personal History 6147:The Great Maratha Mahadaji Scindia 5545:Deogaonkar, Shashishekhar (2007). 5368:Stewart Gordon (1 February 2007). 4383:The BJP is closely related to the 3137:) and strengthened old ones (e.g. 2422:Chalukya and Rashtrakuta dynasties 14: 10038: 9057: 8949:A Concise History of Modern India 8925:A Concise History of Modern India 7218:Chandavarkar, Rajnarayan (2002). 6352:. Yoda Press, 2005. p. 316. 6238:. New Age International (P) Ltd. 5873:. Macmillan India. p. 1941. 5341: 4776: 4646:Nayanjot Lahiri (5 August 2015). 4439:Cooperative institutions such as 4368:as his successor over his nephew 4338:party was formed in the 1960s by 4011:, the government system, and the 3909:, the Arya Mahila Samaj, and the 3110:. The Watandars considered their 2433:, one of the 34 cave temples and 9790: 9104: 9069:Maharashtra Government's website 8751:, Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd, 8507: 8494: 8481: 8456: 8420: 8321: 8295: 8235: 8200: 8173: 8146: 8119: 8076: 8039: 8012: 7985: 7958: 7906: 7849: 7785: 7757: 7729: 7702: 7680: 7615: 7588: 7553: 7519: 7485: 7460: 7432: 7412: 7385: 7352: 7324: 7291: 7265: 7238: 7211: 7175: 7148: 7131: 7102: 7075: 7048: 7039: 7005: 6990: 6961: 6927: 6893: 6838: 6803: 6777: 6750: 6723: 6690: 6660: 6647: 6024:. S. Chand Limited. p. 42. 5618:. Popular Prakashan. p. 8. 5171:Murthy, A. V. Narasimha (1971). 5018:The quoted pages can be read at 4783:Witzel, Michael (October 1999). 4273:Present-day state of Maharashtra 4116:After India's independence, the 3999:, a caste that included his own 3863:of architecture, which combines 3552: 2947: 2893:, parts of Western Maharashtra, 2503:region, were ruled by different 2220:Lohagadwadi cave inscription in 2192: 28: 8622: 7801:. 28 April 2012. Archived from 7793:"Right man in the wrong polity" 7373:. Bennet, Coleman & Co. Ltd 7359:Bhagwat, Ramu (3 August 2013). 7312:. Bennet, Coleman & Co. Ltd 7300:"Samyukta Maharashtra movement" 6879:. Harper Collins. p. 221. 6613: 6574: 6559: 6550: 6490: 6471: 6414: 6402: 6393: 6366: 6312: 6301: 6292: 6265: 6252: 6225: 6189: 6150:. Sarup & Sons. p. 8. 6137: 6122: 6108:. Macmillan India. p. 16. 6056: 5997: 5966: 5935: 5921: 5894: 5767: 5751: 5717: 5690: 5670:; Gascoigne, Christina (1971). 5660: 5643: 5632: 5592: 5565: 5538: 5513: 5479: 5432: 5395:Bhasker Anand Saletore (1934). 5335: 5255: 5230: 5208: 5175:. Rao and Raghavan. p. 32. 5146:"Pre-Portuguese Culture of Goa" 5137: 5111: 5098: 5070: 4975: 4958: 4949: 4940: 4931: 4918: 4907: 4882: 4851: 4842: 4833: 4823: 4798: 4554: 4255:linguistic state reorganization 4219:In 1956, some Marathi-majority 4105: 3677: 3638:and then, from 1858, under the 3522:and record keepers were called 3412: 8057:Menon, Sudha (30 March 2002). 8019:Singh, R.; Lele, J.K. (1989). 7998:. Leiden : Brill. p. 50. 7941:"A quota for the ruling class" 5653:The Cambridge History of India 5612:Indu Ramchandani, ed. (2000). 4892:of Life in the Republic: p.440 4738: 4726: 4701: 4621: 4603: 4577: 4526:, mostly taken from banks and 4504:artificial lentic water bodies 3837: 3189:Expansion of Maratha influence 3145:Mughal–Maratha war (1681–1707) 3036:, the Marathas took Vasai and 2663:According to scholars such as 282:Ochre Coloured Pottery culture 1: 8330:Economic and Political Weekly 8182:Economic and Political Weekly 8155:Economic and Political Weekly 8091:. London: Routledge. p. 7967:Economic and Political Weekly 7711:Economic and Political Weekly 7694:. 9 July 2008. Archived from 7597:Economic and Political Weekly 7394:Economic and Political Weekly 7112:. 11 May 2011. Archived from 7057:Economic and Political Weekly 6620:Ramusack, Barbara N. (2007). 6423:Economic and Political Weekly 6373:Deshpande, Arvind M. (1987). 4542: 4248: 4225:were also transferred to the 4181:Samyukta Maharashtra Movement 3486:, alternatively known as the 3346:within a decade under Peshwa 2731:Bahmani and Deccan Sultanates 2376:Maharashtra was ruled by the 2228:, indicating the presence of 2125:. Among these, the erstwhile 1212: 951: 924: 823: 802: 725: 664: 593: 576: 559: 542: 525: 504: 419: 402: 156: 8770:"Famine Prevention in India" 7666:. Routledge. pp. 240–. 7155:Lacina, Bethany Ann (2017). 7012:Hansen, Thomas Blom (2002). 6934:Roy, Ramashray, ed. (2007). 6733:Palkhi: An Indian Pilgrimage 6278:. Primus Books. p. 66. 5929:An Advanced History of India 5792:The Journal of Asian Studies 5192:Palkhi: An Indian Pilgrimage 4571: 4461:1991 economic liberalization 3627:Indian independence movement 2232:settlement (2nd century BCE) 2111:Indian independence movement 367:Northern Black Polished Ware 7: 9966:Andaman and Nicobar Islands 8745:Mehta, Jaswant Lal (2005), 8697:Sailendra Nath Sen (1999). 8242:Patil, Anil (9 July 2007). 7859:Grassroot politics in India 7245:Gugler, Josef, ed. (2004). 6972:. In Kosambi, Meera (ed.). 6705:. London: Collins. p. 6102:Sailendra Nath Sen (2010). 5836:Delhi, the Capital of India 5656:. CUP Archive. p. 384. 5459:J.A. Rogers (17 May 2011). 5412:Kaushik Roy (3 June 2015). 5106:Yadav – Pahila Marathi Bana 4385:Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh 4154:Central Provinces and Berar 3752:Central Provinces and Berar 3417:Shivaji developed a potent 3067:Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj 2776: 2687:, the Seuna rulers were of 2392:, near present-day Mumbai. 2298:speakers during the middle 2119:Central Provinces and Berar 1963:Influence on Southeast Asia 10: 10043: 9242:Mumbai Metropolitan Region 8954:Cambridge University Press 8930:Cambridge University Press 8729:Cambridge University Press 8669:Eaton, Richard M. (2005). 8502:Journal of Peasant Studies 8428:"Farmer suicides in India" 7273:"History of Kolhapur City" 6521:Metcalf & Metcalf 2006 6441:Gokhale, Balkrishna Govind 6063:M.A.Ghazi (24 July 2018). 5981:Greenwood Publishing Group 5950:Cambridge University Press 5676:. Cape. pp. 239–246. 5444:. E. Keys. 1883. pp. 5418:. Routledge. p. 136. 5194:. SUNY Press. p. 37. 4937:Indian History - page B-57 4430: 4374:Maharashtra Navnirman Sena 4329:Nationalist Congress Party 4109: 3841: 3681: 3155:conflict with the Marathas 3118:(monarch) of his realm at 3070: 3047: 3044:Maratha Empire (1674–1818) 2989:Early European possessions 2876: 2821:After the break-up of the 2594:of the Western Chalukyas. 2437:known collectively as the 345:Black and Red ware culture 9956: 9803: 9747: 9704: 9601: 9538: 9496: 9458: 9415: 9362: 9314: 9276: 9265: 9217: 9144: 9120: 8847:Climate and Food Security 8703:. New Age International. 8656:Rise of the Maratha Power 8639:History of the Mahrattas, 8221:10.1080/00220380802265108 7992:Kurtz, Donald V. (1994). 7082:Shastree, Uttara (1996). 6593:Sumitra Kulkarni (1995). 6079:– via Google Books. 5524:. iUniverse. p. 96. 5508:Gordon, The Marathas 1993 5144:Professor George Moraes. 4560:Many historians consider 4387:(RSS) and is part of the 4380:and other north Indians. 4130:States Reorganisation Act 3303:against the Mughals, the 2641:. Seunachandra II helped 2259:to northern Maharashtra. 2211:Indus Valley civilization 356:Painted Grey Ware culture 228:Indus Valley Civilisation 8658:(1900); reprint (1999). 8083:Heitzman, James (2008). 7835:. New Delhi: Routledge. 7440:"Belgaum border dispute" 6900:Johnson, Gordon (1973). 6701:Living through the Blitz 6657:. Accessed 16 Oct. 2023. 6319:Gordon, Stewart (1993). 6262:. Accessed 29 Jan. 2024. 5942:McLane, John R. (2002). 5932:, Dr. K.K. Datta, p. 546 5901:Gordon, Stewart (2008). 5724:Gordon, Stewart (1993). 4928:. Accessed 18 Apr. 2023. 4745:Witzel, Michael (1999). 4547: 4487:agricultural cooperative 4279:Indian National Congress 4257:, with Congress party's 4029:Law and Justice Minister 3915:Indian National Congress 3773:, the Maratha rulers of 3301:their military campaigns 1007:Gurjara-Pratihara Empire 987:Eastern Chalukya Kingdom 588:Maha-Megha-Vahana Empire 8985:Oxford University Press 8523:Mishra, Srijit (2007). 8063:The Hindu Business Line 7856:Mishra, Sumita (2000). 7827:Vora, Rajendra (2009). 7526:Brass, Paul R. (2006). 7492:Brass, Paul R. (2006). 7419:Sirsikar, V.M. (1966). 7337:Daily News and Analysis 6697:Harrisson, Tom (1976). 6272:Sharma, Yogesh (2010). 6171:Naravane, M.S. (2014). 6133:: The Maratha supremacy 5287:Satish Chandra (2005). 5173:The Sevunas of Devagiri 4902:Sailendra Nath Sen 1999 4760:(1): 21. Archived from 4708:Thapar, Romila (2002). 4673:Singh, Upinder (2008). 4649:Ashoka in Ancient India 4265:Government and politics 4167:The enlarged bilingual 4124:, were integrated into 4044:Shreedhar Mahadev Joshi 4017:Dalit Buddhist movement 3816:James Thomas Molesworth 3777:), made changes to the 3710:Mountstuart Elphinstone 3706:Third Anglo-Maratha War 3407:First Anglo-Maratha War 3340:Third Battle of Panipat 2782:(hereditary rights) of 2719:conquered parts of the 2520:Western Chalukya Empire 2239:sites belonging to the 2121:—included many British 2084:Western Chalukya Empire 1107:Western Chalukya Empire 250:Mature Harappan culture 10022:History of Maharashtra 9604:municipal corporations 8724:The Marathas 1600–1818 8087:The city in South Asia 7182:Morris, David (1965). 7145:, retrieved 2013-12-07 6810:Chavan, Dilip (2013). 6322:The Marathas 1600-1818 5904:The Marathas 1600-1818 5727:The Marathas 1600–1818 5371:The Marathas 1600-1818 4982:Ancient Indian History 4465:information technology 4444: 4355:Bharatiya Janata Party 4274: 4172: 4102: 3931:Mahatma Jyotirao Phule 3903:Poona Sarvajanik Sabha 3894: 3884: 3876: 3630: 3490:. The Nizam ruled the 3265:, the most prominent 3237: 3225: 3210: 3088: 3006: 2861:before its capture by 2751: 2704: 2564:Seuna (Yadava) dynasty 2559: 2550:Seuna (Yadava) dynasty 2450: 2401:Gautamiputra Satakarni 2233: 2213: 2013:Science and technology 397:Three Crowned Kingdoms 239:Early Harappan culture 54:(2,500,000–250,000 BC) 9204:Maharashtrian cuisine 9025:Peers, D. M. (2013), 9001:Peers, D. M. (2006), 8652:Mahadev Govind Ranade 8613:9 August 2013 at the 7574:10.1353/jod.2005.0018 6232:Sridharan, K (2000). 6021:Modern Indian History 5973:Jaques, Tony (2007). 5575:The Gonds of Vidarbha 5548:The Gonds of Vidarbha 4438: 4272: 4171:between 1956 and 1960 4166: 4136:-speaking regions on 4097:to form the state of 4077: 4033:constitution of India 3919:Gopal Krishna Gokhale 3890: 3882: 3875:architectural styles. 3855: 3842:Further information: 3684:Company rule in India 3682:Further information: 3616: 3342:(1761). However, the 3231: 3216: 3196: 3080: 3026:Catherine of Braganza 2996: 2915:Murtaza Nizam Shah II 2738: 2702: 2582:. Its capital was at 2557: 2429: 2219: 2200: 1916:Specialised histories 1187:Kalachuris of Kalyani 1177:Kalachuris of Tripuri 859:Western Ganga Kingdom 787:Indo-Sassanid Kingdom 737:Western Satrap Empire 720:Indo-Parthian Kingdom 710:Indo-Scythian Kingdom 261:Late Harappan culture 22:History of South Asia 9728:Legislative Assembly 9539:Million-plus cities 7562:Journal of Democracy 7279:on 12 September 2014 6968:Lane, James (2000). 6873:Hibbert, Christopher 6668:"The wari tradition" 6346:Ruth Vanita (2005). 6201:. 27 September 2010. 6144:N.G. Rathod (1994). 6018:Mahajan, VD (2020). 4984:and Civilization by 4687:. pp. 229–233. 4340:Balashaheb Thackerey 4185:Mahagujarat Movement 4007:on issues including 3951:Vitthal Ramji Shinde 3892:New Palace, Kolhapur 3861:Indo-Saracenic style 3672:Deccan States Agency 3334:) in the north, and 3244:, belonging to the ( 3001:, controlled by the 2905:, the regent of the 2859:Sultanate of Gujarat 2831:Ahmadnagar Sultanate 2798:, Shirke, Ghorpade, 2717:Muhammad bin Tughluq 2685:J. Duncan M. Derrett 2633:in his war with the 2613:district). The name 2496:as court languages. 2431:Kailashanatha Temple 2282:. In ancient times, 2131:Deccan States Agency 1434:Ahmadnagar Sultanate 1236:Late medieval period 1147:Eastern Ganga Empire 879:Vishnukundina Empire 9723:Legislative Council 9364:Aurangabad division 8916:Metcalf, Barbara D. 8563:Nagraj, K. (2008). 8489:Development Studies 8444:on 24 February 2017 7745:. 27 September 2014 7361:"Linguistic states" 6678:on 8 September 2014 6511:, pp. 151–152. 6007:. 21 December 2015. 5833:Capper, J. (1918). 5108:" S.P. Dixit (1962) 4904:, pp. 172–176. 4805:Dyson, Tim (2018). 4307:sugar co-operatives 4205:Pralhad Keshav Atre 4201:Shripad Amrit Dange 4179:. In response, the 4142:Aurangabad Division 4015:. He initiated the 3947:Dhondo Keshav Karve 3923:Bal Gangadhar Tilak 3911:Satya Shodhak Samaj 3799:(specific groups). 3510:Society and culture 3458:Revenue system and 3291:, the ruler of the 3259:Indian subcontinent 3203:Indian subcontinent 3100:Adilshahi sultanate 2851:Vijayanagara Empire 2816:Ibrahim Adil Shah I 2742:, a replica of the 2478:Rashtrakuta dynasty 2384:of the Maurya king 2358:Rashtrakuta dynasty 2170:Maharashtri Prakrit 2109:At the time of the 2080:Rashtrakuta dynasty 1516:Early modern period 1363:Vijayanagara Empire 1343:Chitradurga Kingdom 1037:Bhauma-Kara Kingdom 449:Shaishunaga dynasty 9602:Other cities with 9194:Marathi literature 8920:Metcalf, Thomas R. 8899:Palgrave Macmillan 8894:A History of India 8869:A History of India 8824:(27 August 2010), 8791:Waal, Alexander De 8468:The Indian Express 7920:. 13 December 2016 7366:The Times of India 7305:The Times of India 5867:Sen, S.N. (2010). 5510:, pp. 72–102. 5323:. 51/52: 501–510. 5186:Mokashi, Digambar 5152:on 15 October 2006 5125:on 21 January 2007 5040:on 7 November 2006 5020:Google Book Search 4986:Sailendra Nath Sen 4816:978-0-19-8829-05-8 4764:on 6 February 2012 4497:Drought of 1972–73 4445: 4413:Yashwantrao Chavan 4287:Marotrao Kannamwar 4275: 4259:Yashwantrao Chavan 4173: 4103: 4093:) was merged with 4021:school of Buddhism 4013:partition of India 3988:-dominated party. 3895: 3885: 3877: 3690:East India Company 3636:East India Company 3631: 3488:Nizam of Hyderabad 3328:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 3305:Nizam of Hyderabad 3238: 3226: 3211: 3207:East India Company 3089: 3016:, and area around 3007: 3003:East India Company 2970:Gond tribal people 2907:Nizamshahi dynasty 2752: 2705: 2658:Marathi literature 2560: 2451: 2397:Satavahana dynasty 2342:Satavahana dynasty 2284:tribal communities 2234: 2214: 2088:Bahamani Sultanate 2076:Satavahana dynasty 1993:Partition of India 1858:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 1806:Regional histories 1751:National histories 1638:Travancore Kingdom 1608:Thondaiman Kingdom 1478:Golkonda Sultanate 1087:Somavamshi Kingdom 1057:Rashtrakuta Empire 997:Rashidun Caliphate 919:Kabul Shahi Empire 767:Nagas of Padmavati 690:Indo-Greek Kingdom 630:(230 BC – AD 1206) 323:Vedic Civilisation 271:Vedic Civilisation 168:Ahar-Banas culture 10009: 10008: 9986:Jammu and Kashmir 9958:Union territories 9818:Arunachal Pradesh 9756: 9755: 9739:Bombay High Court 9534: 9533: 9278:Amravati division 9257:North Maharashtra 9042:978-1-317-88286-2 9018:978-0-582-31738-3 8994:978-0-19-873113-9 8963:978-1-107-02649-0 8939:978-0-521-68225-1 8908:978-0-230-34549-2 8891:Robb, P. (2011), 8884:978-0-333-69129-8 8865:Robb, P. (2001), 8857:978-971-10-4210-3 8806:978-0-253-21158-3 8783:978-0-19-828636-3 8758:978-1-932705-54-6 8738:978-0-521-26883-7 8710:978-81-224-1198-0 8682:978-0-521-25484-7 8405:, pp. 92–93. 8215:(10): 1474–1505. 8188:(42): 4217–4219. 8102:978-0-415-57426-6 8032:978-90-04-08789-7 8005:978-90-04-09828-2 7899:978-81-7154-835-4 7869:978-81-7099-732-0 7842:978-0-415-46092-7 7805:on 6 October 2014 7717:(51): 5467–5472. 7698:on 18 April 2016. 7673:978-1-136-51662-7 7646:978-0-691-18862-1 7603:(40): 1669–1678. 7539:978-0-521-54305-7 7505:978-0-521-54305-7 7400:(40): 2551–2560. 7258:978-0-521-83003-4 7231:978-0-521-52595-4 7201:978-0-520-00885-4 7168:978-0-472-13024-5 7095:978-81-7099-629-3 7025:978-0-691-08840-2 6983:978-0-86311-824-1 6947:978-0-7619-3516-2 6913:978-0-521-20259-6 6858:978-0-313-28778-7 6823:978-1-4438-4250-1 6790:dsal.uchicago.edu 6770:978-81-86411-57-5 6606:978-81-7099-581-4 6523:, pp. 94–99. 6285:978-93-80607-00-9 6245:978-81-224-1245-1 6182:978-81-313-0034-3 6157:978-81-85431-52-9 6115:978-0-230-32885-3 6076:978-81-7435-400-6 6031:978-93-5283-619-2 5914:978-0-521-03316-9 5880:978-0-230-32885-3 5846:978-81-206-1282-2 5763:978-81-7305-391-7 5710:978-1-108-02104-3 5683:978-0-224-00580-7 5673:The Great Moghuls 5668:Gascoigne, Bamber 5625:978-0-85229-760-5 5531:978-1-4401-1635-3 5489:. British Library 5472:978-1-4516-5054-9 5425:978-1-317-58692-0 5381:978-0-521-03316-9 5348:Kamat's Potpourri 5300:978-81-241-1066-9 5273:978-0-300-17587-5 5248:978-1-138-95692-6 5201:978-0-88706-461-6 5085:Indianembassy.org 5012:978-0-8021-3797-5 4694:978-81-317-1120-0 4685:Pearson Education 4659:978-0-674-05777-7 4514:Farmers' suicides 4421:Vilasrao Deshmukh 4417:Shankarrao Chavan 4359:Prithviraj Chavan 4303:Shankarrao Chavan 4144:) from erstwhile 4070:Post-independence 4056:Bombay Presidency 4019:, creating a new 3966:Shahu of Kolhapur 3848:Bombay Presidency 3832:Bombay Presidency 3738:doctrine of lapse 3652:Central Provinces 3644:Bombay presidency 3484:Asaf Jahi dynasty 3322:in the south, to 3254:Chitpavan Brahmin 3084:, the founder of 2978:Bakht Buland Shah 2942:Bijapur Sultanate 2857:was ruled by the 2827:Deccan sultanates 2756:Bahmani Sultanate 2713:Ala-ud-din Khalji 2645:gain his throne. 2568:Tungabhadra River 2562:At its peak, the 2528:Raja Raja Chola I 2382:Major Rock Edicts 2115:Bombay Presidency 2092:Deccan sultanates 2057: 2056: 1742: 1741: 1736: 1735: 1656: 1655: 1558:Thanjavur Kingdom 1506: 1505: 1467:Bijapur Sultanate 1423:Deccan sultanates 1301:Tughlaq Sultanate 1248:Ghaznavid Dynasty 1226: 1225: 1097:Chaulukya Kingdom 1027:Mallabhum kingdom 1017:Umayyad Caliphate 757:Bharshiva Dynasty 653:(200 BC – AD 300) 643:(230 BC – AD 220) 639:Satavahana Empire 617: 616: 613:(247 BC – AD 224) 469:Macedonian Empire 443:(450 BC – AD 489) 431:Achaemenid Empire 301: 300: 206: 205: 129: 128: 79: 78: 63:Madrasian culture 10034: 9853:Himachal Pradesh 9797:History of India 9795: 9794: 9783: 9776: 9769: 9760: 9759: 9568:Pimpri-Chinchwad 9274: 9273: 9179:Marathi language 9132:Second capital: 9108: 9098: 9091: 9084: 9075: 9074: 9052: 9051: 9049: 9021: 8997: 8983:(2nd ed.), 8966: 8942: 8928:(2nd ed.), 8911: 8887: 8872: 8861: 8840: 8839: 8837: 8832:, Chennai, India 8817: 8786: 8761: 8741: 8714: 8693: 8691: 8689: 8635:James Grant Duff 8617: 8604: 8598: 8588: 8579: 8578: 8576: 8570:. Archived from 8569: 8560: 8554: 8553: 8551: 8542: 8536: 8535: 8529: 8520: 8514: 8511: 8505: 8504:, 40(3), 597–601 8498: 8492: 8491:, 47(2), 316–337 8485: 8479: 8478: 8476: 8474: 8460: 8454: 8453: 8451: 8449: 8443: 8432: 8424: 8418: 8412: 8406: 8400: 8394: 8388: 8382: 8376: 8370: 8364: 8358: 8352: 8346: 8345: 8325: 8319: 8318: 8316: 8314: 8303:"Mahanand Dairy" 8299: 8293: 8292: 8290: 8288: 8282: 8275: 8266: 8260: 8259: 8257: 8255: 8246:. Rediff India. 8239: 8233: 8232: 8204: 8198: 8197: 8177: 8171: 8170: 8150: 8144: 8143: 8141: 8139: 8123: 8117: 8116: 8111: 8109: 8090: 8080: 8074: 8073: 8071: 8069: 8054: 8048: 8043: 8037: 8036: 8016: 8010: 8009: 7989: 7983: 7982: 7962: 7956: 7955: 7953: 7951: 7936: 7930: 7929: 7927: 7925: 7910: 7904: 7903: 7883: 7874: 7873: 7853: 7847: 7846: 7824: 7815: 7814: 7812: 7810: 7789: 7783: 7782: 7780: 7778: 7773:. 16 August 2014 7761: 7755: 7754: 7752: 7750: 7733: 7727: 7726: 7706: 7700: 7699: 7684: 7678: 7677: 7657: 7651: 7650: 7630: 7624: 7619: 7613: 7612: 7592: 7586: 7585: 7557: 7551: 7550: 7548: 7546: 7523: 7517: 7516: 7514: 7512: 7489: 7483: 7482: 7480: 7478: 7472:Indiankanoon.org 7464: 7458: 7457: 7455: 7453: 7445:Deccan Chronicle 7436: 7430: 7429: 7427: 7416: 7410: 7409: 7389: 7383: 7382: 7380: 7378: 7356: 7350: 7349: 7347: 7345: 7328: 7322: 7321: 7319: 7317: 7295: 7289: 7288: 7286: 7284: 7269: 7263: 7262: 7242: 7236: 7235: 7215: 7209: 7208: 7189: 7179: 7173: 7172: 7152: 7146: 7135: 7129: 7128: 7123: 7121: 7106: 7100: 7099: 7079: 7073: 7072: 7063:(6/8): 201–219. 7052: 7046: 7043: 7037: 7036: 7034: 7032: 7009: 7003: 6994: 6988: 6987: 6965: 6959: 6958: 6956: 6954: 6931: 6925: 6924: 6922: 6920: 6897: 6891: 6890: 6869: 6863: 6862: 6842: 6836: 6834: 6832: 6830: 6807: 6801: 6800: 6798: 6796: 6781: 6775: 6774: 6754: 6748: 6747: 6727: 6721: 6720: 6704: 6694: 6688: 6687: 6685: 6683: 6674:. Archived from 6664: 6658: 6651: 6645: 6644: 6642: 6640: 6617: 6611: 6610: 6590: 6584: 6578: 6572: 6571: 6563: 6557: 6554: 6548: 6542: 6536: 6530: 6524: 6518: 6512: 6506: 6500: 6494: 6488: 6487: 6475: 6469: 6468: 6437: 6431: 6430: 6418: 6412: 6406: 6400: 6397: 6391: 6390: 6370: 6364: 6363: 6343: 6337: 6336: 6316: 6310: 6305: 6299: 6296: 6290: 6289: 6269: 6263: 6256: 6250: 6249: 6235:Sea: Our Saviour 6229: 6223: 6222: 6216: 6212: 6210: 6202: 6193: 6187: 6186: 6168: 6162: 6161: 6141: 6135: 6126: 6120: 6119: 6099: 6093: 6087: 6081: 6080: 6060: 6054: 6045: 6039: 6038: 6015: 6009: 6008: 6001: 5995: 5994: 5970: 5964: 5963: 5939: 5933: 5925: 5919: 5918: 5898: 5892: 5891: 5889: 5887: 5864: 5858: 5857: 5855: 5853: 5830: 5824: 5823: 5787: 5781: 5771: 5765: 5755: 5749: 5748: 5746: 5744: 5721: 5715: 5714: 5694: 5688: 5687: 5664: 5658: 5657: 5647: 5641: 5636: 5630: 5629: 5609: 5603: 5596: 5590: 5589: 5569: 5563: 5562: 5542: 5536: 5535: 5517: 5511: 5505: 5499: 5498: 5496: 5494: 5483: 5477: 5476: 5456: 5450: 5449: 5436: 5430: 5429: 5409: 5403: 5402: 5392: 5386: 5385: 5365: 5359: 5358: 5356: 5354: 5342:Kamat, Jyotsna. 5339: 5333: 5332: 5316: 5305: 5304: 5284: 5278: 5277: 5259: 5253: 5252: 5234: 5228: 5227: 5225: 5223: 5212: 5206: 5205: 5183: 5177: 5176: 5168: 5162: 5161: 5159: 5157: 5141: 5135: 5134: 5132: 5130: 5121:. Archived from 5115: 5109: 5102: 5096: 5095: 5093: 5091: 5082: 5074: 5068: 5067: 5059: 5050: 5049: 5047: 5045: 5036:. Archived from 5030: 5024: 5016: 5003:India: A History 4995: 4989: 4979: 4973: 4962: 4956: 4953: 4947: 4944: 4938: 4935: 4929: 4922: 4916: 4911: 4905: 4899: 4893: 4888:India Today: An 4886: 4880: 4874: 4868: 4867: 4855: 4849: 4846: 4840: 4837: 4831: 4827: 4821: 4820: 4802: 4796: 4795: 4789: 4780: 4774: 4773: 4771: 4769: 4751: 4742: 4736: 4730: 4724: 4723: 4705: 4699: 4698: 4670: 4664: 4663: 4643: 4637: 4625: 4619: 4607: 4601: 4600: 4598: 4596: 4581: 4565: 4558: 4520:farmers in India 4480:Vasantdada Patil 4366:Uddhav Thackeray 4295:Vasantdada Patil 4152:region from the 3935:Savitribai Phule 3857:Gateway of India 3795:(devotees) into 3726:Harishchandragad 3275:Malharrao Holkar 2919:guerilla warfare 2781: 2727:in Maharashtra. 2681:D. R. Bhandarkar 2665:George M. Moraes 2532:Rajendra Chola I 2455:Chalukya dynasty 2416:Vakataka dynasty 2354:Chalukya dynasty 2350:Vakataka dynasty 2226:Namo Arihantanam 2205:figure from the 2049: 2042: 2035: 1998:Pakistan studies 1838:Himachal Pradesh 1678:Portuguese India 1674: 1673: 1670: 1628:Sikh Confederacy 1524: 1523: 1520: 1373:Bengal Sultanate 1312:Sayyid Sultanate 1290:Khalji Sultanate 1279:Mamluk Sultanate 1244: 1243: 1240: 1221: 1217: 1214: 1157:Kakatiya Kingdom 1067:Paramara Kingdom 960: 956: 953: 929: 926: 869:Kamarupa Kingdom 832: 828: 825: 818:Kalabhras Empire 811: 807: 804: 730: 727: 714:(50 BC – AD 400) 694:(180 BC – AD 10) 673: 669: 666: 635: 634: 631: 602: 598: 595: 581: 578: 564: 561: 547: 544: 530: 527: 513: 509: 506: 424: 421: 407: 404: 387:Haryanka dynasty 377:Pradyota dynasty 319: 318: 315: 224: 223: 220: 161: 158: 151:Anarta tradition 147: 146: 143: 111:Mehrgarh culture 101:Bhirrana culture 97: 96: 93: 92:(10,800–3300 BC) 59: 58: 55: 45: 44: 32: 18: 17: 10042: 10041: 10037: 10036: 10035: 10033: 10032: 10031: 10012: 10011: 10010: 10005: 9952: 9799: 9789: 9787: 9757: 9752: 9743: 9714:Chief Ministers 9700: 9603: 9597: 9578:Kalyan-Dombivli 9540: 9530: 9492: 9460:Nashik division 9454: 9417:Nagpur division 9411: 9358: 9329:Mumbai Suburban 9316:Konkan division 9310: 9268: 9261: 9213: 9140: 9116: 9102: 9060: 9055: 9047: 9045: 9043: 9019: 9009:Pearson Longman 8995: 8964: 8940: 8909: 8885: 8858: 8835: 8833: 8807: 8784: 8759: 8739: 8719:Gordon, Stewart 8711: 8687: 8685: 8683: 8625: 8620: 8615:Wayback Machine 8605: 8601: 8589: 8582: 8577:on 12 May 2011. 8574: 8567: 8561: 8557: 8549: 8543: 8539: 8527: 8521: 8517: 8512: 8508: 8499: 8495: 8486: 8482: 8472: 8470: 8462: 8461: 8457: 8447: 8445: 8441: 8430: 8426: 8425: 8421: 8413: 8409: 8401: 8397: 8389: 8385: 8377: 8373: 8369:, pp. 379. 8365: 8361: 8353: 8349: 8326: 8322: 8312: 8310: 8301: 8300: 8296: 8286: 8284: 8280: 8273: 8267: 8263: 8253: 8251: 8240: 8236: 8205: 8201: 8178: 8174: 8151: 8147: 8137: 8135: 8124: 8120: 8107: 8105: 8103: 8081: 8077: 8067: 8065: 8055: 8051: 8044: 8040: 8033: 8017: 8013: 8006: 7990: 7986: 7963: 7959: 7949: 7947: 7937: 7933: 7923: 7921: 7912: 7911: 7907: 7900: 7884: 7877: 7870: 7854: 7850: 7843: 7825: 7818: 7808: 7806: 7791: 7790: 7786: 7776: 7774: 7763: 7762: 7758: 7748: 7746: 7735: 7734: 7730: 7707: 7703: 7686: 7685: 7681: 7674: 7658: 7654: 7647: 7631: 7627: 7620: 7616: 7593: 7589: 7558: 7554: 7544: 7542: 7540: 7524: 7520: 7510: 7508: 7506: 7490: 7486: 7476: 7474: 7466: 7465: 7461: 7451: 7449: 7438: 7437: 7433: 7425: 7417: 7413: 7390: 7386: 7376: 7374: 7371:The Times Group 7357: 7353: 7343: 7341: 7330: 7329: 7325: 7315: 7313: 7310:The Times Group 7296: 7292: 7282: 7280: 7271: 7270: 7266: 7259: 7243: 7239: 7232: 7216: 7212: 7202: 7180: 7176: 7169: 7153: 7149: 7136: 7132: 7119: 7117: 7108: 7107: 7103: 7096: 7080: 7076: 7053: 7049: 7044: 7040: 7030: 7028: 7026: 7010: 7006: 6995: 6991: 6984: 6966: 6962: 6952: 6950: 6948: 6932: 6928: 6918: 6916: 6914: 6898: 6894: 6887: 6870: 6866: 6859: 6843: 6839: 6828: 6826: 6824: 6808: 6804: 6794: 6792: 6782: 6778: 6771: 6755: 6751: 6744: 6728: 6724: 6717: 6695: 6691: 6681: 6679: 6666: 6665: 6661: 6652: 6648: 6638: 6636: 6634: 6618: 6614: 6607: 6591: 6587: 6579: 6575: 6564: 6560: 6555: 6551: 6543: 6539: 6531: 6527: 6519: 6515: 6507: 6503: 6495: 6491: 6476: 6472: 6438: 6434: 6419: 6415: 6407: 6403: 6398: 6394: 6387: 6371: 6367: 6360: 6344: 6340: 6333: 6317: 6313: 6306: 6302: 6297: 6293: 6286: 6270: 6266: 6257: 6253: 6246: 6230: 6226: 6214: 6213: 6204: 6203: 6195: 6194: 6190: 6183: 6169: 6165: 6158: 6142: 6138: 6127: 6123: 6116: 6100: 6096: 6088: 6084: 6077: 6061: 6057: 6046: 6042: 6032: 6016: 6012: 6003: 6002: 5998: 5991: 5983:. p. 516. 5971: 5967: 5960: 5952:. p. 166. 5940: 5936: 5926: 5922: 5915: 5899: 5895: 5885: 5883: 5881: 5865: 5861: 5851: 5849: 5847: 5831: 5827: 5804:10.2307/2053980 5788: 5784: 5772: 5768: 5756: 5752: 5742: 5740: 5738: 5722: 5718: 5711: 5695: 5691: 5684: 5665: 5661: 5648: 5644: 5637: 5633: 5626: 5610: 5606: 5597: 5593: 5586: 5570: 5566: 5559: 5543: 5539: 5532: 5518: 5514: 5506: 5502: 5492: 5490: 5485: 5484: 5480: 5473: 5457: 5453: 5438: 5437: 5433: 5426: 5410: 5406: 5393: 5389: 5382: 5366: 5362: 5352: 5350: 5340: 5336: 5317: 5308: 5301: 5285: 5281: 5274: 5260: 5256: 5249: 5235: 5231: 5221: 5219: 5214: 5213: 5209: 5202: 5190:(1 July 1987). 5184: 5180: 5169: 5165: 5155: 5153: 5142: 5138: 5128: 5126: 5117: 5116: 5112: 5103: 5099: 5089: 5087: 5080: 5076: 5075: 5071: 5060: 5053: 5043: 5041: 5032: 5031: 5027: 5013: 4996: 4992: 4980: 4976: 4966:Penguin History 4963: 4959: 4954: 4950: 4945: 4941: 4936: 4932: 4923: 4919: 4912: 4908: 4900: 4896: 4887: 4883: 4875: 4871: 4857: 4856: 4852: 4847: 4843: 4838: 4834: 4828: 4824: 4817: 4803: 4799: 4787: 4781: 4777: 4767: 4765: 4749: 4743: 4739: 4731: 4727: 4720: 4706: 4702: 4695: 4671: 4667: 4660: 4644: 4640: 4626: 4622: 4608: 4604: 4594: 4592: 4582: 4578: 4574: 4569: 4568: 4559: 4555: 4550: 4545: 4516: 4499: 4475:areas of Pune. 4457:Raigad district 4433: 4425:Chief Ministers 4409:Keshavrao Jedhe 4267: 4251: 4193:Keshavrao Jedhe 4146:Hyderabad state 4114: 4108: 4079:Hyderabad state 4072: 3970:Keshavrao Jedhe 3955:Pandita Ramabai 3907:Prarthana Samaj 3899:civil societies 3850: 3840: 3804:Marathi grammar 3759:Pandharpur Wari 3686: 3680: 3660:Hyderabad State 3656:princely states 3621:in Pune, where 3619:Aga Khan Palace 3611: 3555: 3512: 3463: 3415: 3309:Nawab of Bengal 3289:Raghoji Bhonsle 3191: 3147: 3135:Sindhudurg Fort 3075: 3069: 3052: 3046: 3038:Salsette Island 2991: 2950: 2879: 2829:: Nizamshah of 2762:and later from 2740:Bibi Ka Maqbara 2733: 2709:Delhi Sultanate 2697: 2643:Vikramaditya VI 2578:, and parts of 2576:North Karnataka 2552: 2544:Vikramaditya VI 2467:Vikramaditya II 2424: 2403:, who defeated 2388:was located at 2374: 2346:Kadamba dynasty 2334: 2326:Western Satraps 2300:Rigvedic period 2195: 2183:Shravanabelgola 2127:Hyderabad State 2072:Western Satraps 2053: 2024: 2023: 2022: 1917: 1909: 1908: 1907: 1807: 1799: 1798: 1797: 1752: 1744: 1743: 1738: 1737: 1671: 1668: 1666:Colonial states 1658: 1657: 1548:Madurai Kingdom 1521: 1518: 1508: 1507: 1456:Bidar Sultanate 1445:Berar sultanate 1413:Ladakh Kingdom 1403:Gajapati Empire 1383:Garhwal Kingdom 1268:Delhi Sultanate 1241: 1238: 1228: 1227: 1219: 1215: 1197:Chutiya Kingdom 1167:Zamorin Kingdom 958: 954: 946:Maukhari Empire 936:Chalukya Empire 927: 889:Maitraka Empire 830: 826: 809: 805: 797:Vakataka Empire 777:Sasanian Empire 728: 671: 667: 649:Kuninda Kingdom 632: 629: 627:Middle Kingdoms 619: 618: 609:Parthian Empire 600: 596: 579: 562: 545: 528: 511: 507: 422: 405: 316: 313: 303: 302: 221: 218: 208: 207: 159: 144: 141: 131: 130: 121:Edakkal culture 94: 91: 81: 80: 72:Soanian culture 56: 53: 42: 12: 11: 5: 10040: 10030: 10029: 10024: 10007: 10006: 10004: 10003: 9998: 9993: 9988: 9983: 9978: 9973: 9968: 9962: 9960: 9954: 9953: 9951: 9950: 9945: 9940: 9935: 9930: 9925: 9920: 9915: 9910: 9905: 9900: 9895: 9890: 9885: 9880: 9875: 9873:Madhya Pradesh 9870: 9865: 9860: 9855: 9850: 9845: 9840: 9835: 9830: 9825: 9820: 9815: 9813:Andhra Pradesh 9809: 9807: 9801: 9800: 9786: 9785: 9778: 9771: 9763: 9754: 9753: 9748: 9745: 9744: 9742: 9741: 9736: 9731: 9725: 9716: 9710: 9708: 9702: 9701: 9699: 9698: 9693: 9688: 9683: 9678: 9673: 9668: 9666:Mira-Bhayandar 9663: 9658: 9653: 9648: 9643: 9638: 9633: 9628: 9623: 9618: 9613: 9607: 9605: 9599: 9598: 9596: 9595: 9590: 9585: 9580: 9575: 9570: 9565: 9560: 9555: 9550: 9544: 9542: 9541:in Maharashtra 9536: 9535: 9532: 9531: 9529: 9528: 9523: 9518: 9513: 9508: 9502: 9500: 9494: 9493: 9491: 9490: 9485: 9480: 9475: 9470: 9464: 9462: 9456: 9455: 9453: 9452: 9447: 9442: 9437: 9432: 9427: 9421: 9419: 9413: 9412: 9410: 9409: 9404: 9399: 9394: 9389: 9384: 9379: 9374: 9368: 9366: 9360: 9359: 9357: 9356: 9351: 9346: 9341: 9336: 9331: 9326: 9320: 9318: 9312: 9311: 9309: 9308: 9303: 9298: 9293: 9288: 9282: 9280: 9271: 9267:Divisions and 9263: 9262: 9260: 9259: 9254: 9249: 9244: 9239: 9234: 9229: 9223: 9221: 9215: 9214: 9212: 9211: 9206: 9201: 9199:Marathi cinema 9196: 9191: 9189:Marathi people 9186: 9181: 9176: 9171: 9166: 9161: 9156: 9150: 9148: 9142: 9141: 9139: 9138: 9130: 9121: 9118: 9117: 9101: 9100: 9093: 9086: 9078: 9072: 9071: 9066: 9059: 9058:External links 9056: 9054: 9053: 9041: 9022: 9017: 8998: 8993: 8967: 8962: 8943: 8938: 8912: 8907: 8888: 8883: 8862: 8856: 8841: 8818: 8805: 8787: 8782: 8762: 8757: 8742: 8737: 8715: 8709: 8694: 8681: 8666: 8649: 8632: 8626: 8624: 8621: 8619: 8618: 8599: 8580: 8555: 8537: 8515: 8506: 8493: 8480: 8455: 8419: 8417:, pp. 93. 8407: 8395: 8383: 8371: 8359: 8347: 8336:(6): 340–342. 8320: 8294: 8261: 8234: 8199: 8172: 8161:(6): 341–342. 8145: 8118: 8101: 8075: 8049: 8038: 8031: 8011: 8004: 7984: 7973:(6): 336–342. 7957: 7931: 7905: 7898: 7875: 7868: 7848: 7841: 7816: 7784: 7756: 7728: 7701: 7679: 7672: 7652: 7645: 7625: 7614: 7587: 7568:(1): 153–167. 7552: 7538: 7518: 7504: 7484: 7459: 7431: 7411: 7384: 7351: 7323: 7290: 7264: 7257: 7237: 7230: 7210: 7200: 7174: 7167: 7147: 7130: 7116:on 11 May 2011 7101: 7094: 7074: 7047: 7038: 7024: 7004: 6989: 6982: 6960: 6946: 6926: 6912: 6892: 6885: 6864: 6857: 6837: 6822: 6802: 6776: 6769: 6749: 6742: 6722: 6715: 6689: 6672:Wari Santanchi 6659: 6646: 6633:978-0521039895 6632: 6612: 6605: 6585: 6573: 6558: 6549: 6537: 6525: 6513: 6501: 6489: 6470: 6457:10.2307/602730 6451:(4): 719–724. 6432: 6413: 6401: 6392: 6385: 6365: 6358: 6338: 6332:978-0521268837 6331: 6311: 6300: 6291: 6284: 6264: 6251: 6244: 6224: 6188: 6181: 6163: 6156: 6136: 6121: 6114: 6094: 6092:, p. 204. 6082: 6075: 6055: 6040: 6030: 6010: 5996: 5989: 5965: 5958: 5934: 5920: 5913: 5893: 5879: 5859: 5845: 5825: 5798:(2): 221–235. 5782: 5766: 5750: 5737:978-0521268837 5736: 5716: 5709: 5689: 5682: 5659: 5642: 5631: 5624: 5604: 5591: 5584: 5564: 5558:978-8180694745 5557: 5537: 5530: 5512: 5500: 5478: 5471: 5451: 5431: 5424: 5404: 5387: 5380: 5360: 5334: 5306: 5299: 5279: 5272: 5254: 5247: 5229: 5207: 5200: 5178: 5163: 5136: 5110: 5097: 5069: 5051: 5025: 5011: 5001:(1 May 2001). 4990: 4974: 4957: 4948: 4939: 4930: 4917: 4906: 4894: 4881: 4869: 4850: 4841: 4832: 4822: 4815: 4797: 4775: 4737: 4725: 4718: 4700: 4693: 4665: 4658: 4638: 4620: 4602: 4575: 4573: 4570: 4567: 4566: 4552: 4551: 4549: 4546: 4544: 4541: 4536:Tata Institute 4515: 4512: 4498: 4495: 4491:Congress party 4453:Thane district 4432: 4429: 4344:Marathi people 4299:Vasantrao Naik 4291:Vasantrao Naik 4266: 4263: 4250: 4247: 4189:Annabhau Sathe 4107: 4104: 4099:Andhra Pradesh 4071: 4068: 4048:Aruna Asif Ali 4009:untouchability 3993:B. R. Ambedkar 3943:Tarabai Shinde 3939:Justice Ranade 3839: 3836: 3679: 3676: 3664:Kolhapur State 3654:, and various 3648:Berar Province 3623:Mahatma Gandhi 3610: 3607: 3554: 3551: 3511: 3508: 3462: 3456: 3433:. It attacked 3414: 3411: 3313:Durrani Empire 3293:Nagpur Kingdom 3283:Pilaji Gaekwad 3199:Maratha Empire 3190: 3187: 3146: 3143: 3139:Vijaydurg Fort 3086:Maratha Empire 3071:Main article: 3068: 3065: 3050:Maratha Empire 3048:Main article: 3045: 3042: 2999:Bombay Harbour 2990: 2987: 2983:Nagpur kingdom 2966:Madhya Pradesh 2949: 2946: 2878: 2875: 2867:Faruqi dynasty 2845:of Bidar, and 2732: 2729: 2721:Deccan Plateau 2696: 2693: 2580:Madhya Pradesh 2551: 2548: 2516:Deccan Plateau 2423: 2420: 2414:The following 2373: 2370: 2333: 2330: 2207:Daimabad hoard 2194: 2191: 2185:in modern-day 2177:statue in the 2100:Maratha Empire 2055: 2054: 2052: 2051: 2044: 2037: 2029: 2026: 2025: 2021: 2020: 2015: 2010: 2005: 2000: 1995: 1990: 1985: 1980: 1975: 1970: 1965: 1960: 1955: 1950: 1945: 1940: 1935: 1930: 1925: 1919: 1918: 1915: 1914: 1911: 1910: 1906: 1905: 1900: 1895: 1890: 1885: 1880: 1875: 1870: 1865: 1860: 1855: 1850: 1845: 1840: 1835: 1830: 1825: 1820: 1815: 1809: 1808: 1805: 1804: 1801: 1800: 1796: 1795: 1790: 1785: 1780: 1775: 1770: 1765: 1760: 1754: 1753: 1750: 1749: 1746: 1745: 1740: 1739: 1734: 1733: 1730: 1724: 1723: 1720: 1714: 1713: 1710: 1704: 1703: 1700: 1694: 1693: 1690: 1684: 1683: 1680: 1672: 1664: 1663: 1660: 1659: 1654: 1653: 1650: 1644: 1643: 1640: 1634: 1633: 1630: 1624: 1623: 1620: 1618:Maratha Empire 1614: 1613: 1610: 1604: 1603: 1600: 1598:Sikkim Kingdom 1594: 1593: 1590: 1588:Marava Kingdom 1584: 1583: 1580: 1574: 1573: 1570: 1564: 1563: 1560: 1554: 1553: 1550: 1544: 1543: 1540: 1534: 1533: 1530: 1522: 1514: 1513: 1510: 1509: 1504: 1503: 1500: 1494: 1493: 1490: 1488:Keladi Kingdom 1484: 1483: 1480: 1473: 1472: 1469: 1462: 1461: 1458: 1451: 1450: 1447: 1440: 1439: 1436: 1429: 1428: 1425: 1419: 1418: 1415: 1409: 1408: 1405: 1399: 1398: 1395: 1393:Mysore Kingdom 1389: 1388: 1385: 1379: 1378: 1375: 1369: 1368: 1365: 1359: 1358: 1355: 1349: 1348: 1345: 1339: 1338: 1335: 1329: 1328: 1325: 1323:Lodi Sultanate 1318: 1317: 1314: 1307: 1306: 1303: 1296: 1295: 1292: 1285: 1284: 1281: 1274: 1273: 1270: 1264: 1263: 1260: 1258:Ghurid Dynasty 1254: 1253: 1250: 1242: 1234: 1233: 1230: 1229: 1224: 1223: 1209: 1203: 1202: 1199: 1193: 1192: 1189: 1183: 1182: 1179: 1173: 1172: 1169: 1163: 1162: 1159: 1153: 1152: 1149: 1143: 1142: 1139: 1133: 1132: 1129: 1127:Hoysala Empire 1123: 1122: 1119: 1117:Lohara Kingdom 1113: 1112: 1109: 1103: 1102: 1099: 1093: 1092: 1089: 1083: 1082: 1079: 1073: 1072: 1069: 1063: 1062: 1059: 1053: 1052: 1049: 1043: 1042: 1039: 1033: 1032: 1029: 1023: 1022: 1019: 1013: 1012: 1009: 1003: 1002: 999: 993: 992: 989: 983: 982: 979: 977:Tibetan Empire 973: 972: 969: 963: 962: 948: 942: 941: 938: 932: 931: 921: 915: 914: 911: 905: 904: 901: 895: 894: 891: 885: 884: 881: 875: 874: 871: 865: 864: 861: 855: 854: 851: 849:Kadamba Empire 845: 844: 841: 835: 834: 820: 814: 813: 799: 793: 792: 789: 783: 782: 779: 773: 772: 769: 763: 762: 759: 753: 752: 749: 743: 742: 739: 733: 732: 722: 716: 715: 712: 706: 705: 702: 696: 695: 692: 686: 685: 682: 676: 675: 661: 655: 654: 651: 645: 644: 641: 633: 625: 624: 621: 620: 615: 614: 611: 605: 604: 590: 584: 583: 573: 571:Pallava Empire 567: 566: 556: 550: 549: 539: 533: 532: 522: 516: 515: 501: 495: 494: 491: 489:Seleucid India 485: 484: 481: 475: 474: 471: 465: 464: 461: 455: 454: 451: 445: 444: 441: 437: 436: 433: 427: 426: 416: 414:Maha Janapadas 410: 409: 399: 393: 392: 389: 383: 382: 379: 373: 372: 369: 362: 361: 358: 351: 350: 349:(1300–1000 BC) 347: 340: 339: 336: 329: 328: 325: 317: 309: 308: 305: 304: 299: 298: 295: 288: 287: 286:(2000–1600 BC) 284: 277: 276: 273: 267: 266: 265:(1900–1300 BC) 263: 256: 255: 254:(2600–1900 BC) 252: 245: 244: 243:(3300–2600 BC) 241: 234: 233: 232:(3300–1300 BC) 230: 222: 219:(3300–1300 BC) 214: 213: 210: 209: 204: 203: 200: 194: 193: 192:(1600–1300 BC) 190: 184: 183: 180: 174: 173: 172:(3000–1500 BC) 170: 164: 163: 153: 145: 142:(3500–1500 BC) 137: 136: 133: 132: 127: 126: 125:(5000–3000 BC) 123: 117: 116: 115:(7000–3300 BC) 113: 107: 106: 105:(7570–6200 BC) 103: 95: 87: 86: 83: 82: 77: 76: 74: 68: 67: 65: 57: 49: 48: 43: 38: 37: 34: 33: 25: 24: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10039: 10028: 10025: 10023: 10020: 10019: 10017: 10002: 9999: 9997: 9994: 9992: 9989: 9987: 9984: 9982: 9979: 9977: 9974: 9972: 9969: 9967: 9964: 9963: 9961: 9959: 9955: 9949: 9946: 9944: 9941: 9939: 9938:Uttar Pradesh 9936: 9934: 9931: 9929: 9926: 9924: 9921: 9919: 9916: 9914: 9911: 9909: 9906: 9904: 9901: 9899: 9896: 9894: 9891: 9889: 9886: 9884: 9881: 9879: 9876: 9874: 9871: 9869: 9866: 9864: 9861: 9859: 9856: 9854: 9851: 9849: 9846: 9844: 9841: 9839: 9836: 9834: 9831: 9829: 9826: 9824: 9821: 9819: 9816: 9814: 9811: 9810: 9808: 9806: 9802: 9798: 9793: 9784: 9779: 9777: 9772: 9770: 9765: 9764: 9761: 9751: 9746: 9740: 9737: 9735: 9732: 9729: 9726: 9724: 9720: 9717: 9715: 9712: 9711: 9709: 9707: 9703: 9697: 9694: 9692: 9689: 9687: 9684: 9682: 9679: 9677: 9674: 9672: 9669: 9667: 9664: 9662: 9659: 9657: 9654: 9652: 9649: 9647: 9644: 9642: 9639: 9637: 9634: 9632: 9629: 9627: 9624: 9622: 9619: 9617: 9614: 9612: 9609: 9608: 9606: 9600: 9594: 9591: 9589: 9586: 9584: 9581: 9579: 9576: 9574: 9571: 9569: 9566: 9564: 9561: 9559: 9556: 9554: 9551: 9549: 9546: 9545: 9543: 9537: 9527: 9524: 9522: 9519: 9517: 9514: 9512: 9509: 9507: 9504: 9503: 9501: 9499: 9498:Pune division 9495: 9489: 9486: 9484: 9481: 9479: 9476: 9474: 9471: 9469: 9466: 9465: 9463: 9461: 9457: 9451: 9448: 9446: 9443: 9441: 9438: 9436: 9433: 9431: 9428: 9426: 9423: 9422: 9420: 9418: 9414: 9408: 9405: 9403: 9400: 9398: 9395: 9393: 9390: 9388: 9385: 9383: 9380: 9378: 9375: 9373: 9370: 9369: 9367: 9365: 9361: 9355: 9352: 9350: 9347: 9345: 9342: 9340: 9337: 9335: 9332: 9330: 9327: 9325: 9322: 9321: 9319: 9317: 9313: 9307: 9304: 9302: 9299: 9297: 9294: 9292: 9289: 9287: 9284: 9283: 9281: 9279: 9275: 9272: 9270: 9264: 9258: 9255: 9253: 9250: 9248: 9245: 9243: 9240: 9238: 9235: 9233: 9230: 9228: 9225: 9224: 9222: 9220: 9216: 9210: 9207: 9205: 9202: 9200: 9197: 9195: 9192: 9190: 9187: 9185: 9182: 9180: 9177: 9175: 9174:Highest point 9172: 9170: 9167: 9165: 9162: 9160: 9157: 9155: 9152: 9151: 9149: 9147: 9143: 9137: 9136: 9131: 9129: 9128: 9123: 9122: 9119: 9115: 9111: 9107: 9099: 9094: 9092: 9087: 9085: 9080: 9079: 9076: 9070: 9067: 9065: 9062: 9061: 9044: 9038: 9034: 9030: 9029: 9023: 9020: 9014: 9010: 9006: 9005: 8999: 8996: 8990: 8986: 8982: 8978: 8977: 8972: 8968: 8965: 8959: 8955: 8951: 8950: 8944: 8941: 8935: 8931: 8927: 8926: 8921: 8917: 8913: 8910: 8904: 8900: 8896: 8895: 8889: 8886: 8880: 8876: 8871: 8870: 8863: 8859: 8853: 8849: 8848: 8842: 8831: 8827: 8823: 8819: 8816: 8812: 8808: 8802: 8798: 8797: 8792: 8788: 8785: 8779: 8775: 8771: 8767: 8763: 8760: 8754: 8750: 8749: 8743: 8740: 8734: 8730: 8726: 8725: 8720: 8716: 8712: 8706: 8702: 8701: 8695: 8684: 8678: 8674: 8673: 8667: 8665: 8664:81-7117-181-8 8661: 8657: 8653: 8650: 8648: 8647:81-7020-956-0 8644: 8640: 8636: 8633: 8631: 8628: 8627: 8616: 8612: 8609: 8603: 8597: 8594:August 2005. 8593: 8587: 8585: 8573: 8566: 8559: 8548: 8541: 8533: 8526: 8519: 8510: 8503: 8497: 8490: 8484: 8469: 8465: 8459: 8440: 8436: 8429: 8423: 8416: 8411: 8404: 8399: 8393:, p. 15. 8392: 8387: 8381:, p. 89. 8380: 8375: 8368: 8363: 8356: 8351: 8343: 8339: 8335: 8331: 8324: 8308: 8304: 8298: 8279: 8272: 8265: 8249: 8245: 8238: 8230: 8226: 8222: 8218: 8214: 8210: 8203: 8195: 8191: 8187: 8183: 8176: 8168: 8164: 8160: 8156: 8149: 8133: 8129: 8122: 8115: 8104: 8098: 8094: 8089: 8088: 8079: 8064: 8060: 8053: 8047: 8042: 8034: 8028: 8024: 8023: 8015: 8007: 8001: 7997: 7996: 7988: 7980: 7976: 7972: 7968: 7961: 7946: 7942: 7935: 7919: 7915: 7909: 7901: 7895: 7891: 7890: 7882: 7880: 7871: 7865: 7861: 7860: 7852: 7844: 7838: 7834: 7830: 7823: 7821: 7804: 7800: 7799: 7794: 7788: 7772: 7771: 7766: 7760: 7744: 7743: 7738: 7732: 7724: 7720: 7716: 7712: 7705: 7697: 7693: 7689: 7683: 7675: 7669: 7665: 7664: 7656: 7648: 7642: 7638: 7637: 7629: 7623: 7618: 7610: 7606: 7602: 7598: 7591: 7583: 7579: 7575: 7571: 7567: 7563: 7556: 7541: 7535: 7531: 7530: 7522: 7507: 7501: 7497: 7496: 7488: 7473: 7469: 7463: 7447: 7446: 7441: 7435: 7424: 7423: 7415: 7407: 7403: 7399: 7395: 7388: 7372: 7368: 7367: 7362: 7355: 7339: 7338: 7333: 7327: 7311: 7307: 7306: 7301: 7294: 7278: 7274: 7268: 7260: 7254: 7250: 7249: 7241: 7233: 7227: 7223: 7222: 7214: 7207: 7203: 7197: 7193: 7188: 7187: 7178: 7170: 7164: 7160: 7159: 7151: 7144: 7143:1-107-01500-6 7140: 7134: 7127: 7115: 7111: 7105: 7097: 7091: 7087: 7086: 7078: 7070: 7066: 7062: 7058: 7051: 7042: 7027: 7021: 7017: 7016: 7008: 7002: 7000: 6993: 6985: 6979: 6975: 6971: 6964: 6949: 6943: 6939: 6938: 6930: 6915: 6909: 6905: 6904: 6896: 6888: 6886:0-00-638843-4 6882: 6878: 6874: 6868: 6860: 6854: 6850: 6849: 6841: 6825: 6819: 6815: 6814: 6806: 6791: 6787: 6780: 6772: 6766: 6762: 6761: 6753: 6745: 6743:0-88706-461-2 6739: 6735: 6734: 6726: 6718: 6712: 6708: 6703: 6702: 6693: 6677: 6673: 6669: 6663: 6656: 6650: 6635: 6629: 6625: 6624: 6616: 6608: 6602: 6598: 6597: 6589: 6583: 6577: 6569: 6562: 6553: 6547:, p. 50. 6546: 6541: 6535:, p. 83. 6534: 6529: 6522: 6517: 6510: 6505: 6499: 6493: 6485: 6481: 6474: 6466: 6462: 6458: 6454: 6450: 6446: 6442: 6436: 6428: 6424: 6417: 6411: 6405: 6396: 6388: 6386:9780836422504 6382: 6378: 6377: 6369: 6361: 6359:9788190227254 6355: 6351: 6350: 6342: 6334: 6328: 6324: 6323: 6315: 6309: 6304: 6295: 6287: 6281: 6277: 6276: 6268: 6261: 6255: 6247: 6241: 6237: 6236: 6228: 6220: 6208: 6200: 6199: 6192: 6184: 6178: 6174: 6167: 6159: 6153: 6149: 6148: 6140: 6134: 6132: 6125: 6117: 6111: 6107: 6106: 6098: 6091: 6086: 6078: 6072: 6068: 6067: 6059: 6053: 6049: 6044: 6037: 6033: 6027: 6023: 6022: 6014: 6006: 6000: 5992: 5990:9780313335389 5986: 5982: 5978: 5977: 5969: 5961: 5959:9780521526548 5955: 5951: 5947: 5946: 5938: 5931: 5930: 5924: 5916: 5910: 5906: 5905: 5897: 5882: 5876: 5872: 5871: 5863: 5848: 5842: 5838: 5837: 5829: 5821: 5817: 5813: 5809: 5805: 5801: 5797: 5793: 5786: 5780: 5779:81-7421-063-6 5776: 5770: 5764: 5760: 5754: 5739: 5733: 5729: 5728: 5720: 5712: 5706: 5702: 5701: 5693: 5685: 5679: 5675: 5674: 5669: 5663: 5655: 5654: 5646: 5640: 5635: 5627: 5621: 5617: 5616: 5608: 5601: 5595: 5587: 5585:9788180694745 5581: 5577: 5576: 5568: 5560: 5554: 5550: 5549: 5541: 5533: 5527: 5523: 5516: 5509: 5504: 5488: 5482: 5474: 5468: 5464: 5463: 5455: 5447: 5443: 5442: 5435: 5427: 5421: 5417: 5416: 5408: 5400: 5399: 5391: 5383: 5377: 5373: 5372: 5364: 5349: 5345: 5338: 5330: 5326: 5322: 5315: 5313: 5311: 5302: 5296: 5292: 5291: 5283: 5275: 5269: 5265: 5258: 5250: 5244: 5240: 5233: 5217: 5211: 5203: 5197: 5193: 5189: 5182: 5174: 5167: 5151: 5147: 5140: 5124: 5120: 5114: 5107: 5101: 5086: 5079: 5073: 5065: 5058: 5056: 5039: 5035: 5029: 5023: 5021: 5014: 5008: 5004: 5000: 4994: 4987: 4983: 4978: 4971: 4970:Romila Thapar 4967: 4961: 4952: 4943: 4934: 4927: 4921: 4915: 4910: 4903: 4898: 4891: 4885: 4879: 4873: 4866: 4862: 4861: 4854: 4845: 4836: 4826: 4818: 4812: 4808: 4801: 4793: 4792:Mother Tongue 4786: 4779: 4763: 4759: 4755: 4748: 4741: 4735: 4729: 4721: 4719:0-520-24225-4 4715: 4711: 4704: 4696: 4690: 4686: 4682: 4678: 4677: 4669: 4661: 4655: 4651: 4650: 4642: 4635: 4634: 4629: 4624: 4617: 4616: 4611: 4610:Upinder Singh 4606: 4591: 4587: 4580: 4576: 4563: 4557: 4553: 4540: 4537: 4533: 4529: 4525: 4521: 4511: 4507: 4505: 4494: 4492: 4488: 4483: 4481: 4476: 4474: 4470: 4466: 4462: 4458: 4454: 4450: 4442: 4437: 4428: 4426: 4422: 4418: 4414: 4410: 4406: 4401: 4397: 4392: 4390: 4389:Sangh Parivar 4386: 4381: 4379: 4375: 4371: 4370:Raj Thackeray 4367: 4362: 4360: 4356: 4351: 4349: 4345: 4341: 4337: 4332: 4330: 4326: 4322: 4318: 4314: 4312: 4311:credit unions 4308: 4304: 4300: 4296: 4292: 4288: 4284: 4280: 4271: 4262: 4260: 4256: 4246: 4244: 4240: 4236: 4232: 4228: 4224: 4223: 4217: 4215: 4210: 4206: 4202: 4198: 4194: 4190: 4186: 4182: 4178: 4170: 4165: 4161: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4147: 4143: 4139: 4135: 4131: 4127: 4123: 4119: 4118:Deccan States 4113: 4100: 4096: 4092: 4088: 4087:Mysore states 4084: 4080: 4076: 4067: 4064: 4059: 4057: 4053: 4049: 4045: 4041: 4036: 4034: 4030: 4026: 4022: 4018: 4014: 4010: 4006: 4002: 3998: 3994: 3989: 3987: 3983: 3979: 3975: 3971: 3967: 3962: 3960: 3956: 3952: 3948: 3944: 3940: 3936: 3932: 3928: 3924: 3920: 3916: 3912: 3908: 3904: 3900: 3893: 3889: 3881: 3874: 3870: 3866: 3862: 3858: 3854: 3849: 3845: 3835: 3833: 3829: 3825: 3821: 3817: 3813: 3809: 3808:William Carey 3805: 3800: 3798: 3794: 3793: 3788: 3784: 3780: 3776: 3772: 3768: 3764: 3760: 3755: 3753: 3749: 3745: 3744: 3739: 3735: 3731: 3727: 3723: 3719: 3715: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3700: 3695: 3691: 3685: 3675: 3673: 3669: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3653: 3649: 3645: 3641: 3640:British crown 3637: 3628: 3624: 3620: 3615: 3606: 3604: 3600: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3583: 3579: 3577: 3573: 3569: 3565: 3561: 3553:Urban centers 3550: 3548: 3544: 3540: 3535: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3521: 3517: 3507: 3505: 3501: 3498:and parts of 3497: 3493: 3489: 3485: 3481: 3477: 3472: 3470: 3469: 3461: 3455: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3423:Kanhoji Angre 3420: 3410: 3408: 3403: 3401: 3397: 3393: 3389: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3369: 3365: 3361: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3345: 3341: 3337: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3321: 3316: 3314: 3310: 3306: 3302: 3298: 3294: 3290: 3286: 3284: 3280: 3279:Puar brothers 3276: 3272: 3271:Ranoji Shinde 3268: 3264: 3260: 3255: 3251: 3247: 3243: 3235: 3230: 3223: 3219: 3218:Shaniwar Wada 3215: 3208: 3204: 3200: 3195: 3186: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3170: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3156: 3152: 3142: 3140: 3136: 3132: 3128: 3123: 3121: 3117: 3113: 3109: 3105: 3101: 3097: 3094: 3087: 3083: 3079: 3074: 3064: 3062: 3058: 3051: 3041: 3039: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3023: 3019: 3015: 3011: 3004: 3000: 2995: 2986: 2984: 2979: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2959: 2955: 2948:Gond kingdoms 2945: 2943: 2939: 2934: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2920: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2904: 2900: 2896: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2883:Mughal Empire 2874: 2872: 2868: 2865:in 1535. The 2864: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2844: 2841:of Golkonda, 2840: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2819: 2817: 2813: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2785: 2780: 2779: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2737: 2728: 2726: 2722: 2718: 2714: 2710: 2701: 2692: 2690: 2686: 2682: 2678: 2674: 2670: 2669:V. K. Rajwade 2666: 2661: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2646: 2644: 2640: 2639:Vakpati Munja 2636: 2632: 2628: 2624: 2621:(present-day 2620: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2600: 2599:Dridhaprahara 2595: 2593: 2589: 2586:(present-day 2585: 2581: 2577: 2573: 2572:Narmada River 2569: 2565: 2556: 2547: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2533: 2529: 2525: 2524:Chola dynasty 2521: 2517: 2512: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2497: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2483: 2479: 2474: 2472: 2468: 2464: 2460: 2459:Pulakeshin II 2456: 2448: 2444: 2440: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2419: 2417: 2412: 2410: 2406: 2402: 2398: 2393: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2378:Maurya Empire 2369: 2367: 2363: 2359: 2355: 2351: 2347: 2343: 2339: 2338:Maurya Empire 2329: 2327: 2324: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2307:Maurya Empire 2303: 2301: 2297: 2293: 2289: 2285: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2265: 2260: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2249:Late Harappan 2246: 2242: 2241:Jorwe culture 2238: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2222:Brahmi script 2218: 2212: 2208: 2204: 2199: 2193:Early history 2190: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2175:Lord Bahubali 2171: 2166: 2164: 2160: 2156: 2152: 2148: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2124: 2123:vassal states 2120: 2116: 2112: 2107: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2096:Mughal Empire 2093: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2069: 2068:Maurya Empire 2064: 2061: 2050: 2045: 2043: 2038: 2036: 2031: 2030: 2028: 2027: 2019: 2016: 2014: 2011: 2009: 2006: 2004: 2001: 1999: 1996: 1994: 1991: 1989: 1986: 1984: 1981: 1979: 1976: 1974: 1971: 1969: 1966: 1964: 1961: 1959: 1956: 1954: 1951: 1949: 1946: 1944: 1941: 1939: 1936: 1934: 1931: 1929: 1926: 1924: 1921: 1920: 1913: 1912: 1904: 1901: 1899: 1896: 1894: 1891: 1889: 1886: 1884: 1881: 1879: 1876: 1874: 1873:Uttar Pradesh 1871: 1869: 1866: 1864: 1861: 1859: 1856: 1854: 1851: 1849: 1846: 1844: 1841: 1839: 1836: 1834: 1831: 1829: 1826: 1824: 1821: 1819: 1816: 1814: 1811: 1810: 1803: 1802: 1794: 1791: 1789: 1786: 1784: 1781: 1779: 1776: 1774: 1771: 1769: 1766: 1764: 1761: 1759: 1756: 1755: 1748: 1747: 1731: 1729: 1726: 1725: 1721: 1719: 1716: 1715: 1711: 1709: 1706: 1705: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1695: 1691: 1689: 1686: 1685: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1675: 1667: 1662: 1661: 1651: 1649: 1646: 1645: 1641: 1639: 1636: 1635: 1631: 1629: 1626: 1625: 1621: 1619: 1616: 1615: 1611: 1609: 1606: 1605: 1601: 1599: 1596: 1595: 1591: 1589: 1586: 1585: 1581: 1579: 1576: 1575: 1571: 1569: 1566: 1565: 1561: 1559: 1556: 1555: 1551: 1549: 1546: 1545: 1541: 1539: 1536: 1535: 1531: 1529: 1528:Mughal Empire 1526: 1525: 1517: 1512: 1511: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1495: 1491: 1489: 1486: 1485: 1481: 1479: 1475: 1474: 1470: 1468: 1464: 1463: 1459: 1457: 1453: 1452: 1448: 1446: 1442: 1441: 1437: 1435: 1431: 1430: 1426: 1424: 1421: 1420: 1416: 1414: 1411: 1410: 1406: 1404: 1401: 1400: 1396: 1394: 1391: 1390: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1380: 1376: 1374: 1371: 1370: 1366: 1364: 1361: 1360: 1356: 1354: 1353:Reddy Kingdom 1351: 1350: 1346: 1344: 1341: 1340: 1336: 1334: 1331: 1330: 1326: 1324: 1320: 1319: 1315: 1313: 1309: 1308: 1304: 1302: 1298: 1297: 1293: 1291: 1287: 1286: 1282: 1280: 1276: 1275: 1271: 1269: 1266: 1265: 1261: 1259: 1256: 1255: 1251: 1249: 1246: 1245: 1237: 1232: 1231: 1210: 1208: 1205: 1204: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1194: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1184: 1180: 1178: 1175: 1174: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1164: 1160: 1158: 1155: 1154: 1150: 1148: 1145: 1144: 1140: 1138: 1135: 1134: 1130: 1128: 1125: 1124: 1120: 1118: 1115: 1114: 1110: 1108: 1105: 1104: 1100: 1098: 1095: 1094: 1090: 1088: 1085: 1084: 1080: 1078: 1077:Yadava Empire 1075: 1074: 1070: 1068: 1065: 1064: 1060: 1058: 1055: 1054: 1050: 1048: 1045: 1044: 1040: 1038: 1035: 1034: 1030: 1028: 1025: 1024: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1014: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1004: 1000: 998: 995: 994: 990: 988: 985: 984: 980: 978: 975: 974: 970: 968: 967:Harsha Empire 965: 964: 949: 947: 944: 943: 939: 937: 934: 933: 922: 920: 917: 916: 912: 910: 907: 906: 902: 900: 897: 896: 892: 890: 887: 886: 882: 880: 877: 876: 872: 870: 867: 866: 862: 860: 857: 856: 852: 850: 847: 846: 842: 840: 837: 836: 821: 819: 816: 815: 800: 798: 795: 794: 790: 788: 785: 784: 780: 778: 775: 774: 770: 768: 765: 764: 760: 758: 755: 754: 750: 748: 747:Kushan Empire 745: 744: 740: 738: 735: 734: 723: 721: 718: 717: 713: 711: 708: 707: 703: 701: 698: 697: 693: 691: 688: 687: 683: 681: 680:Shunga Empire 678: 677: 662: 660: 659:Mitra Dynasty 657: 656: 652: 650: 647: 646: 642: 640: 637: 636: 628: 623: 622: 612: 610: 607: 606: 601: AD 500 597: 250 BC 591: 589: 586: 585: 580: 250 AD 574: 572: 569: 568: 563: 300 BC 557: 555: 552: 551: 546: 300 BC 540: 538: 537:Chera Kingdom 535: 534: 529: 300 BC 523: 521: 520:Pandya Empire 518: 517: 512: 300 AD 508: 300 BC 502: 500: 499:Sangam period 497: 496: 492: 490: 487: 486: 482: 480: 479:Maurya Empire 477: 476: 472: 470: 467: 466: 462: 460: 457: 456: 452: 450: 447: 446: 442: 439: 438: 434: 432: 429: 428: 417: 415: 412: 411: 406: 600 BC 400: 398: 395: 394: 390: 388: 385: 384: 380: 378: 375: 374: 370: 368: 364: 363: 360:(1200–600 BC) 359: 357: 353: 352: 348: 346: 342: 341: 338:(1500–600 BC) 337: 335: 331: 330: 327:(1500–500 BC) 326: 324: 321: 320: 314:(1500–200 BC) 312: 307: 306: 297:(1600–500 BC) 296: 294: 290: 289: 285: 283: 279: 278: 275:(2000–500 BC) 274: 272: 269: 268: 264: 262: 258: 257: 253: 251: 247: 246: 242: 240: 236: 235: 231: 229: 226: 225: 217: 212: 211: 202:(1400–700 BC) 201: 199: 198:Jorwe culture 196: 195: 191: 189: 188:Malwa culture 186: 185: 182:(1600–750 BC) 181: 179: 178:Pandu culture 176: 175: 171: 169: 166: 165: 154: 152: 149: 148: 140: 135: 134: 124: 122: 119: 118: 114: 112: 109: 108: 104: 102: 99: 98: 90: 85: 84: 75: 73: 70: 69: 66: 64: 61: 60: 52: 47: 46: 41: 36: 35: 31: 27: 26: 23: 20: 19: 16: 9877: 9833:Chhattisgarh 9750:Portal:India 9641:Ichalkaranji 9153: 9133: 9125: 9046:, retrieved 9027: 9003: 8975: 8971:Brown, J. M. 8948: 8924: 8893: 8868: 8846: 8834:, retrieved 8829: 8795: 8773: 8747: 8723: 8699: 8686:. Retrieved 8671: 8655: 8638: 8623:Bibliography 8602: 8572:the original 8558: 8540: 8518: 8509: 8496: 8483: 8471:. Retrieved 8467: 8458: 8446:. Retrieved 8439:the original 8434: 8422: 8410: 8398: 8386: 8374: 8362: 8357:, p. 1. 8355:Sainath 2010 8350: 8333: 8329: 8323: 8313:28 September 8311:. Retrieved 8297: 8287:28 September 8285:. Retrieved 8264: 8252:. Retrieved 8237: 8212: 8208: 8202: 8185: 8181: 8175: 8158: 8154: 8148: 8136:. Retrieved 8121: 8113: 8106:. Retrieved 8086: 8078: 8066:. Retrieved 8062: 8052: 8041: 8021: 8014: 7994: 7987: 7970: 7966: 7960: 7948:. Retrieved 7944: 7934: 7922:. Retrieved 7917: 7908: 7888: 7858: 7851: 7832: 7809:29 September 7807:. Retrieved 7803:the original 7796: 7787: 7777:29 September 7775:. Retrieved 7768: 7759: 7749:29 September 7747:. Retrieved 7740: 7731: 7714: 7710: 7704: 7696:the original 7691: 7682: 7662: 7655: 7635: 7628: 7617: 7600: 7596: 7590: 7565: 7561: 7555: 7543:. Retrieved 7528: 7521: 7509:. Retrieved 7494: 7487: 7475:. Retrieved 7471: 7462: 7452:12 September 7450:. Retrieved 7443: 7434: 7421: 7414: 7397: 7393: 7387: 7377:12 September 7375:. Retrieved 7364: 7354: 7344:12 September 7342:. Retrieved 7335: 7326: 7316:12 September 7314:. Retrieved 7303: 7293: 7283:12 September 7281:. Retrieved 7277:the original 7267: 7247: 7240: 7220: 7213: 7205: 7185: 7177: 7157: 7150: 7133: 7125: 7118:. Retrieved 7114:the original 7104: 7084: 7077: 7060: 7056: 7050: 7041: 7029:. Retrieved 7014: 7007: 7001:22 June 2012 6999:New Republic 6998: 6992: 6973: 6963: 6951:. Retrieved 6936: 6929: 6919:20 September 6917:. Retrieved 6902: 6895: 6876: 6867: 6847: 6840: 6827:. Retrieved 6812: 6805: 6793:. Retrieved 6789: 6779: 6759: 6752: 6732: 6725: 6700: 6692: 6680:. Retrieved 6676:the original 6671: 6662: 6649: 6637:. Retrieved 6622: 6615: 6595: 6588: 6576: 6561: 6552: 6540: 6528: 6516: 6504: 6492: 6483: 6473: 6448: 6444: 6435: 6426: 6422: 6416: 6404: 6395: 6375: 6368: 6348: 6341: 6321: 6314: 6303: 6294: 6274: 6267: 6254: 6234: 6227: 6197: 6191: 6172: 6166: 6146: 6139: 6129: 6124: 6104: 6097: 6090:Mehta (2005) 6085: 6065: 6058: 6051: 6043: 6035: 6020: 6013: 5999: 5975: 5968: 5944: 5937: 5927: 5923: 5903: 5896: 5884:. Retrieved 5869: 5862: 5850:. Retrieved 5835: 5828: 5795: 5791: 5785: 5769: 5753: 5741:. Retrieved 5726: 5719: 5699: 5692: 5672: 5662: 5652: 5645: 5634: 5614: 5607: 5594: 5574: 5567: 5547: 5540: 5521: 5515: 5503: 5493:12 September 5491:. Retrieved 5481: 5461: 5454: 5440: 5434: 5414: 5407: 5401:. B.G. Paul. 5397: 5390: 5370: 5363: 5351:. Retrieved 5347: 5337: 5320: 5289: 5282: 5263: 5257: 5238: 5232: 5222:12 September 5220:. Retrieved 5210: 5191: 5181: 5172: 5166: 5154:. Retrieved 5150:the original 5139: 5127:. Retrieved 5123:the original 5113: 5105: 5100: 5088:. Retrieved 5084: 5072: 5063: 5042:. Retrieved 5038:the original 5028: 5017: 5002: 4993: 4977: 4960: 4951: 4942: 4933: 4920: 4909: 4897: 4890:Encyclopedia 4884: 4872: 4864: 4859: 4853: 4844: 4835: 4825: 4806: 4800: 4791: 4778: 4766:. Retrieved 4762:the original 4757: 4753: 4740: 4733: 4728: 4709: 4703: 4675: 4668: 4648: 4641: 4632: 4628:P. K. Basant 4623: 4614: 4605: 4593:. Retrieved 4589: 4579: 4556: 4532:agricultural 4517: 4508: 4500: 4484: 4477: 4459:. After the 4446: 4393: 4382: 4363: 4352: 4333: 4325:Sonia Gandhi 4321:Janata party 4317:Sharad Pawar 4315: 4276: 4252: 4220: 4218: 4177:Bombay State 4174: 4169:Bombay state 4126:Bombay State 4120:, including 4115: 4106:Bombay State 4095:Andhra State 4063:cotton mills 4060: 4037: 3990: 3978:Shiv Jayanti 3963: 3896: 3873:Hindu temple 3869:Indo-Islamic 3820:Thomas Candy 3801: 3796: 3790: 3786: 3782: 3778: 3762: 3756: 3741: 3687: 3678:Company rule 3668:Sangli State 3632: 3580: 3556: 3546: 3542: 3536: 3513: 3479: 3475: 3473: 3466: 3464: 3459: 3451:Maratha Navy 3416: 3413:Maratha Navy 3404: 3326:(modern-day 3317: 3287: 3239: 3232:The town of 3171: 3148: 3126: 3124: 3115: 3111: 3090: 3059:and briefly 3053: 3034:Chimaji Appa 3008: 2972:established 2951: 2935: 2880: 2837:of Bijapur, 2820: 2753: 2706: 2677:A.S. Altekar 2673:C. V. Vaidya 2662: 2647: 2618: 2614: 2596: 2561: 2540:Someshvara I 2536:Jayasimha II 2513: 2498: 2482:Amoghavarsha 2475: 2452: 2439:Ellora Caves 2413: 2394: 2375: 2366:Ellora Caves 2362:Ajanta Caves 2335: 2323:Indo-Sythian 2319:Roman Empire 2304: 2292:Dandakaranya 2261: 2237:Chalcolithic 2235: 2225: 2167: 2159:independence 2157:. Following 2108: 2065: 2058: 1938:Demographics 1928:Architecture 1867: 1708:French India 1698:Danish India 1578:Bengal Subah 1568:Bhoi dynasty 1498:Koch Kingdom 1333:Ahom Kingdom 1207:Deva Kingdom 899:Huna Kingdom 839:Gupta Empire 741:(AD 35–405 ) 700:Kanva Empire 672: 50 BC 554:Chola Empire 493:(312–303 BC) 483:(321–184 BC) 473:(330–323 BC) 463:(380–321 BC) 459:Nanda Empire 453:(424–345 BC) 435:(550–330 BC) 391:(684–424 BC) 381:(799–684 BC) 371:(700–200 BC) 293:Swat culture 139:Chalcolithic 51:Palaeolithic 15: 10027:Maharashtra 9996:Lakshadweep 9948:West Bengal 9943:Uttarakhand 9878:Maharashtra 9719:Legislature 9593:Navi Mumbai 9583:Vasai-Virar 9114:Maharashtra 8766:Drèze, Jean 8435:NCRB report 8254:27 December 8108:14 November 7770:India Today 7477:27 February 6953:8 September 6829:13 December 6682:8 September 6215:|work= 5090:27 February 4988:: p.383-384 4972:: p.365-366 4636:, pp. 92–96 4441:sugar mills 3941:, feminist 3933:, his wife 3844:British Raj 3838:British Raj 3767:Dnyaneshwar 3757:The annual 3692:controlled 3419:naval force 3348:Madhavrao I 3120:Raigad Fort 3116:Chhatrapati 2962:Chhatisgarh 2903:Malik Ambar 2627:Bhillama II 2592:feudatories 2443:Rashtrakuta 2435:monasteries 2313:of emperor 2288:Bhil people 2104:British Raj 2060:Maharashtra 1923:Agriculture 1893:South India 1868:Maharashtra 1818:Balochistan 1758:Afghanistan 1732:(1858–1947) 1728:British Raj 1722:(1757–1858) 1718:Company Raj 1712:(1759–1954) 1702:(1620–1869) 1692:(1605–1825) 1688:Dutch India 1682:(1510–1961) 1669:(1510–1961) 1652:(1799–1849) 1648:Sikh Empire 1642:(1729–1947) 1632:(1707–1799) 1622:(1674–1818) 1612:(1650–1948) 1602:(1642–1975) 1592:(1600–1750) 1582:(1576–1757) 1572:(1541–1804) 1562:(1532–1673) 1552:(1529–1736) 1542:(1540–1556) 1532:(1526–1858) 1519:(1526–1858) 1502:(1515–1947) 1492:(1499–1763) 1482:(1518–1687) 1471:(1492–1686) 1460:(1492–1619) 1449:(1490–1574) 1438:(1490–1636) 1427:(1490–1596) 1417:(1470–1842) 1407:(1434–1541) 1397:(1399–1947) 1387:(1358–1803) 1377:(1352–1576) 1367:(1336–1646) 1357:(1325–1448) 1347:(1300–1779) 1337:(1228–1826) 1327:(1451–1526) 1316:(1414–1451) 1305:(1320–1414) 1294:(1290–1320) 1283:(1206–1290) 1272:(1206–1526) 1262:(1170–1206) 1239:(1206–1526) 1220: 1300 1216: 1200 1201:(1187–1673) 1191:(1156–1184) 1171:(1102–1766) 1161:(1083–1323) 1151:(1078–1434) 1141:(1070–1230) 1137:Sena Empire 1131:(1040–1347) 1121:(1003–1320) 1047:Pala Empire 909:Rai Kingdom 751:(AD 60–240) 684:(185–73 BC) 440:Ror Dynasty 160: 3950 10016:Categories 10001:Puducherry 9971:Chandigarh 9923:Tamil Nadu 9706:Government 9696:Ulhasnagar 9631:Chandrapur 9611:Ahmednagar 9588:Aurangabad 9468:Ahmednagar 9435:Gadchiroli 9430:Chandrapur 9377:Aurangabad 9349:Sindhudurg 9247:Marathwada 8822:Sainath, P 8592:InfoChange 8415:Drèze 1991 8403:Drèze 1991 8379:Drèze 1991 8068:29 January 7950:27 October 7924:27 October 7545:1 February 7511:1 February 7031:10 January 6716:0002160099 6639:13 October 6545:Peers 2006 6533:Brown 1994 5353:4 December 5188:Balkrishna 4999:Keay, John 4543:References 4249:Since 1960 4197:S.M. Joshi 4138:Marathwada 4112:Akola Pact 4110:See also: 4040:quit India 3818:and Major 3812:devanagari 3718:Narayangad 3702:Bajirao II 3582:Aurangabad 3576:Daulatabad 3564:Ahmadnagar 3543:balutedars 3492:Marathwada 3439:Portuguese 3431:Savantwadi 3390:, and the 3320:Tamil Nadu 3311:, and the 3297:East India 3222:Baji Rao I 3030:Charles II 3028:, married 2927:Shah Jahan 2911:Ahmednagar 2895:Marathwada 2869:ruled the 2725:Daulatabad 2631:Tailapa II 2619:Seunadesha 2603:Shrinagara 2588:Daulatabad 2181:temple at 2155:Sawantwadi 2003:Philosophy 1983:Metallurgy 1973:Literature 1898:Tamil Nadu 1763:Bangladesh 1538:Sur Empire 1252:(977–1186) 1218: – c. 1181:(675–1210) 1111:(973–1189) 1101:(942–1244) 1091:(882–1110) 1081:(850–1334) 1071:(800–1327) 1051:(750–1174) 1031:(694–1947) 1011:(650–1036) 991:(624–1075) 959: 700 957: – c. 955: 550 928: 500 873:(350–1100) 863:(350–1000) 831: 600 829: – c. 827: 250 810: 500 808: – c. 806: 250 729: 130 704:(75–26 BC) 670: – c. 668: 150 599: – c. 565:– AD 1279) 548:– AD 1102) 531:– AD 1345) 510: – c. 423: 600 408:– AD 1600) 216:Bronze Age 9928:Telangana 9913:Rajasthan 9888:Meghalaya 9863:Karnataka 9858:Jharkhand 9483:Nandurbar 9382:Osmanabad 9344:Ratnagiri 9269:Districts 9159:Geography 9124:Capital: 9048:13 August 9033:Routledge 8836:5 October 8830:The Hindu 8391:Waal 1997 8229:154425894 8138:6 October 7945:The Hindu 7918:Firstpost 7742:Firstpost 7582:154957863 6509:Robb 2001 6484:Scroll.in 6429:(5): 247. 6217:ignored ( 6207:cite book 5886:6 January 5852:6 January 5820:162482005 5156:1 October 5129:3 January 5044:1 October 4572:Citations 4473:Hinjewadi 4405:Lok Sabha 4336:Shiv Sena 4235:Karnataka 4231:Telangana 4091:Telangana 4058:in 1937. 4052:B.G. Kher 3754:in 1903. 3743:Jagirdars 3568:Ellichpur 3539:Balutedar 3524:Deshpande 3500:Karnataka 3496:Telangana 3384:Bhonsales 3263:Bajirao I 3178:Hyderabad 3151:Aurangzeb 3108:Watandars 3063:as well. 3005:(c. 1731) 2997:Ships in 2958:Telengana 2931:Nur Jahan 2843:Bidarshah 2839:Qutubshah 2812:Nimbalkar 2788:deshmukhi 2748:Aurangzeb 2744:Taj Mahal 2715:. Later, 2505:Shilahara 2488:and used 2486:Karnataka 2447:Krishna I 2296:Dravidian 2270:, Mulak, 2187:Karnataka 2133:included 1953:Education 1943:Dynasties 1863:Rajasthan 1848:Karnataka 1793:Sri Lanka 1061:(753–982) 1041:(736–916) 1021:(661–750) 1001:(632–661) 981:(618–841) 971:(606–647) 940:(543–753) 913:(489–632) 903:(475–576) 893:(475–767) 883:(420–624) 853:(345–525) 843:(280–550) 791:(230–360) 781:(224–651) 771:(210–340) 761:(170–350) 724:(AD 21 – 582:– AD 800) 334:Janapadas 162:–1900 BC) 89:Neolithic 9898:Nagaland 9681:Parbhani 9661:Malegaon 9651:Kolhapur 9626:Bhiwandi 9621:Amravati 9506:Kolhapur 9425:Bhandara 9407:Parbhani 9306:Yavatmal 9296:Buldhana 9291:Amravati 9252:Vidarbha 9232:Khandesh 8973:(1994), 8922:(2006), 8875:Palgrave 8815:97029463 8768:(1991), 8721:(1993), 8688:25 March 8611:Archived 8534:(IGIDR). 8473:25 March 8448:25 March 8307:Archived 8278:Archived 8248:Archived 8194:40276570 8132:Archived 6875:(2000). 5329:42930434 4830:316-322. 4768:22 March 4630:(2012), 4612:(2008), 4590:LiveMint 4227:Adilabad 4209:Gopalrao 4150:Vidarbha 4122:Kolhapur 4025:Navayana 3982:casteism 3961:castes. 3792:varkaris 3771:Scindias 3746:such as 3658:such as 3528:Kulkarni 3520:Deshmukh 3427:Bilimora 3372:Scindias 3352:Gaekwads 3332:Pakistan 3324:Peshawar 3252:Marathi 3250:Deshmukh 3224:in 1730. 3159:Sambhaji 3010:Portugal 2974:kingdoms 2954:Vidarbha 2923:Jehangir 2891:Khandesh 2871:Khandesh 2863:Portugal 2847:Imadshah 2835:Adilshah 2823:Bahamani 2802:, More, 2772:Brahmins 2760:Gulbarga 2650:Sanskrit 2635:Paramara 2623:Khandesh 2607:Chandwad 2584:Devagiri 2522:and the 2494:Sanskrit 2405:Scythian 2268:Vidarbha 2264:Aparanta 2245:Daimabad 2135:Kolhapur 2018:Timeline 2008:Religion 1988:Military 1978:Maritime 1968:Language 1958:Indology 1788:Pakistan 1778:Maldives 1476: – 1465: – 1454: – 1443: – 1432: – 1321: – 1310: – 1299: – 1288: – 1277: – 425:–300 BC) 365: – 354: – 343: – 332: – 311:Iron Age 291: – 280: – 259: – 248: – 237: – 9933:Tripura 9893:Mizoram 9883:Manipur 9848:Haryana 9843:Gujarat 9691:Solapur 9646:Jalgaon 9526:Solapur 9478:Jalgaon 9387:Hingoli 9334:Palghar 9219:Regions 9184:Culture 9169:Tourism 9164:Economy 9154:History 8590:Staff, 8342:4402382 8167:4402382 7979:4402382 7798:Tehelka 7723:4415934 7692:Reuters 7609:4369147 7406:4405925 7206:konkan. 7120:30 July 7069:4363419 6795:29 June 5812:2053980 5743:20 July 4618:, p.232 4595:29 June 4431:Economy 4396:Maratha 4378:Biharis 4239:Belgaum 4222:talukas 4214:Gujarat 4134:Marathi 4023:called 3986:Maratha 3974:Ganpati 3927:Ganesha 3865:British 3775:Gwalior 3722:Chavand 3704:in the 3534:caste. 3516:pargana 3435:British 3376:Gwalior 3360:Holkars 3242:Peshwas 3167:Tarabai 3163:Rajaram 3104:Bijapur 3093:Bhonsle 3082:Shivaji 3073:Shivaji 2938:Shivaji 2877:Mughals 2804:Mahadik 2796:Bhosale 2784:patilki 2689:Maratha 2654:Simhana 2609:in the 2570:to the 2509:vassals 2490:Kannada 2409:Prakrit 2309:, with 2280:Kuntala 2278:), and 2257:Gujarat 2203:Harappa 2163:Marathi 1948:Economy 1933:Coinage 1853:Kashmir 1833:Gujarat 930:– 1026) 40:Outline 9991:Ladakh 9918:Sikkim 9908:Punjab 9903:Odisha 9868:Kerala 9805:States 9734:Police 9686:Sangli 9676:Panvel 9671:Nanded 9573:Nashik 9558:Nagpur 9548:Mumbai 9521:Satara 9516:Sangli 9488:Nashik 9450:Wardha 9445:Nagpur 9440:Gondia 9402:Nanded 9339:Raigad 9324:Mumbai 9301:Washim 9237:Konkan 9209:Sports 9146:Topics 9135:Nagpur 9127:Mumbai 9039: 9015: 8991: 8960: 8936: 8905: 8881: 8854: 8813: 8803: 8780: 8755: 8735: 8707: 8679: 8662: 8645: 8340: 8227: 8192: 8165: 8099: 8029: 8002: 7977: 7896: 7866: 7839: 7721: 7670: 7643: 7607: 7580: 7536: 7502: 7404: 7255: 7228: 7198: 7165: 7141: 7092: 7067: 7022: 6980: 6944: 6910: 6883: 6855: 6820: 6767: 6740: 6713: 6630: 6603: 6465:602730 6463: 6383: 6356: 6329: 6282: 6242: 6179: 6154: 6112: 6073: 6050:Cite: 6028: 5987: 5956: 5911: 5877: 5843: 5818: 5810: 5777: 5761: 5734: 5707: 5680: 5622: 5582: 5555: 5528: 5469: 5422: 5378: 5327: 5297: 5270: 5245: 5198: 5009: 4813: 4716: 4691: 4656: 4562:Attock 4348:Mumbai 4301:, and 4285:, and 4243:Karwar 4207:, and 4158:Mysore 4083:Bombay 4005:Gandhi 3997:Dalits 3953:, and 3905:, the 3830:, the 3797:dindis 3787:palkhi 3783:paduka 3734:Nagpur 3730:Satara 3714:Hadsar 3699:Peshwa 3694:Mumbai 3666:, and 3601:, and 3595:Bhatia 3591:Parsee 3587:Mumbai 3572:Junnar 3566:, and 3560:Chakan 3480:chauth 3476:chauth 3468:chauth 3460:chauth 3445:, and 3388:Nagpur 3382:, the 3380:Ujjain 3370:, the 3364:Indore 3358:, the 3356:Baroda 3336:Bengal 3307:, the 3281:, and 3277:, the 3267:Peshwa 3234:Saswad 3112:watans 3061:Satara 2964:, and 2897:, and 2885:under 2855:Mumbai 2810:, and 2808:Ghatge 2800:Jadhav 2792:Shinde 2778:watans 2711:ruler 2683:, and 2542:, and 2501:Konkan 2471:Aihole 2465:, and 2463:Harsha 2390:Sopara 2386:Ashoka 2356:, and 2315:Ashoka 2311:edicts 2276:Asmaka 2272:Assaka 2253:temple 2153:, and 2143:Sangli 2117:, and 2102:, and 1883:Odisha 1878:Punjab 1823:Bengal 1768:Bhutan 9981:Delhi 9828:Bihar 9823:Assam 9656:Latur 9636:Dhule 9616:Akola 9563:Thane 9473:Dhule 9397:Latur 9392:Jalna 9354:Thane 9286:Akola 9110:State 8575:(PDF) 8568:(PDF) 8550:(PDF) 8528:(PDF) 8442:(PDF) 8431:(PDF) 8338:JSTOR 8281:(PDF) 8274:(PDF) 8225:S2CID 8190:JSTOR 8163:JSTOR 8114:pune. 7975:JSTOR 7719:JSTOR 7605:JSTOR 7578:S2CID 7426:(PDF) 7402:JSTOR 7065:JSTOR 6461:JSTOR 5816:S2CID 5808:JSTOR 5325:JSTOR 5081:(PDF) 4794:: 25. 4788:(PDF) 4750:(PDF) 4681:Delhi 4548:Notes 4528:NBFCs 4524:loans 4469:Aundh 4400:Kunbi 4283:Nehru 4001:Mahar 3959:Dalit 3785:in a 3748:Aundh 3603:Bohra 3599:Khoja 3547:watan 3504:Berar 3447:Siddi 3443:Dutch 3400:Dewas 3392:Puars 3368:Malwa 3182:Jinji 3174:Malwa 3131:fiefs 3127:jagir 3018:Vasai 3014:Chaul 2968:—the 2899:Berar 2887:Akbar 2768:Jizya 2764:Bidar 2637:king 2615:Seuna 2611:Nasik 2445:king 2201:Late 2147:Aundh 2139:Miraj 1903:Tibet 1888:Sindh 1843:Kabul 1828:Bihar 1813:Assam 1783:Nepal 1773:India 9553:Pune 9511:Pune 9372:Beed 9227:Desh 9050:2019 9037:ISBN 9013:ISBN 8989:ISBN 8958:ISBN 8934:ISBN 8903:ISBN 8879:ISBN 8852:ISBN 8838:2010 8811:LCCN 8801:ISBN 8778:ISBN 8753:ISBN 8733:ISBN 8705:ISBN 8690:2016 8677:ISBN 8660:ISBN 8643:ISBN 8475:2019 8450:2019 8315:2014 8289:2015 8256:2011 8140:2014 8110:2016 8097:ISBN 8070:2012 8027:ISBN 8000:ISBN 7952:2017 7926:2017 7894:ISBN 7864:ISBN 7837:ISBN 7811:2014 7779:2014 7751:2014 7668:ISBN 7641:ISBN 7547:2017 7534:ISBN 7513:2017 7500:ISBN 7479:2016 7454:2014 7379:2014 7346:2014 7318:2014 7285:2014 7253:ISBN 7226:ISBN 7196:ISBN 7163:ISBN 7139:ISBN 7122:2019 7090:ISBN 7033:2017 7020:ISBN 6978:ISBN 6955:2016 6942:ISBN 6921:2016 6908:ISBN 6881:ISBN 6853:ISBN 6831:2016 6818:ISBN 6797:2019 6765:ISBN 6738:ISBN 6711:ISBN 6684:2014 6641:2016 6628:ISBN 6601:ISBN 6381:ISBN 6354:ISBN 6327:ISBN 6280:ISBN 6240:ISBN 6219:help 6177:ISBN 6152:ISBN 6110:ISBN 6071:ISBN 6026:ISBN 5985:ISBN 5954:ISBN 5909:ISBN 5888:2017 5875:ISBN 5854:2017 5841:ISBN 5775:ISBN 5759:ISBN 5745:2016 5732:ISBN 5705:ISBN 5678:ISBN 5620:ISBN 5580:ISBN 5553:ISBN 5526:ISBN 5495:2014 5467:ISBN 5448:–28. 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