20:
28:
121:. Many attempts have been made to try to fit it with known history, but it is an epic poem, telescoping and fictionalising history to a large extent; some verifiable historical information from the time are place names, surviving in Old Norse forms from the period 750–850, but it was probably collected later in
253:
have also been noted. The identification of persons in the poem with historical figures is equally confused. Additionally any historical date of the "Battle of Goths and Huns" (whatever the exact attribution to historical events) is several centuries earlier than the supposedly preceding events
188:
The historicity of the "Battle of the Goths and Huns", including the identification of people, places, and events, has been a matter of scholarly investigation since the 19th century, with no clear answer. Locations proposed for the setting include a number of places around the
322:. Only Angantýr was legitimate, so he inherited his father's kingdom. Hlöðr, whose mother was the daughter of Humli, king of the Huns, and who was born and raised among the Huns, claimed half the inheritance, Angantýr refused to split evenly and war ensued, claiming first
426:
to claim half of the Gothic realm as his inheritance. His demand refers to the forest on the boundary separating the Goths and the Huns and to a "holy grave", apparently an important sanctuary of the Goths, but its background is unknown.
283:
Some damaged verses were recorded differently by different editors, and the text shows signs of different dates of composition or recording in different parts of the text – including rich verses similar to those found in early
509:, Heiðrekr's old foster-father, says that this is more than enough for the son of a slave. On Hlöðr's return to the Hunnic realm, his grandfather Humli is enraged at the insult and gathers the army of the Huns.
272:, of which most are narrative not speech. Much of the saga is now in prose form, though it is thought that the original had been verse, with some textual evidence in the prose for a verse original.
1779:
2719:
167:
The poem itself is thought to have originally been a stand-alone work, separate from the saga. It has several analogues, containing similar or related content, including the
English
1769:
233:) in which the Lombard king Agelmundus (Agelmund) was killed; or a post-Attila (d. 453) conflict between the Gepids and Huns, possibly during the reign of the Gepid
2764:
1774:
1749:
1744:
921:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1739:
1734:
1729:
337:) and their king Gizurr have been inserted directly after the Huns, where one logically would expect the Goths and their king Angantyr to appear.
899:
864:
Hervarar saga ok Heiðreks [R] -and- Saga Heiðreks konúngs ens vitra [H] [The Saga of Hervor & King
Heidrek the Wise]
1724:
1719:
164:
are absent in H and truncated in R – the remainder of the text is found in better preserved 17th-century paper copies of these works.
2784:
1213:
1143:
711:
3754:
3749:
2994:
2182:
1619:
759:
1303:
2056:
892:
280:) supposes that it originally formed a complete narrative in itself, outside of the context it is now found in the saga.
128:
Most scholars place the tale sometime in the 4th and 5th centuries AD, with the battle taking place somewhere either in
2956:
2696:
2578:
845:
303:
Most editions number the stanzas, but the numbering may start from the first poetic stanza in the saga, not the poem.
3535:
1877:
1872:
1601:
745:
723:
611:
3221:
194:
160:(A.M. 544) early 14th century; and "R", a 15th-century parchment (MS 2845). The final parts of the saga including
885:
2126:
3744:
3295:
3228:
862:
3559:
3214:
149:
117:
2739:
19:
3246:
1203:
789:
3281:
2906:
2896:
1293:
821:
2004:
1411:
2987:
2061:
1904:
1173:
781:
3323:
2136:
1929:
930:
241:. The battle has alternatively been placed as early as 386 AD, a destruction of peoples under
3316:
2014:
415:
3139:
3044:
2841:
2459:
2041:
2009:
1949:
1924:
1123:
829:
3288:
3769:
3178:
3065:
1711:
112:
1629:
601:
3759:
3528:
2691:
2664:
2596:
803:
785:
3302:
2586:
2153:
1944:
3636:
2980:
2901:
190:
133:
3362:
8:
3764:
2258:
2066:
1659:
1153:
1035:
854:
833:
807:
755:
273:
175:
68:
1800:
315:
3502:
3330:
3162:
3093:
2754:
2474:
1496:
908:
793:
691:
122:
1954:
1571:
1556:
1396:
3274:
2961:
2951:
2810:
2774:
2601:
2163:
1566:
960:
741:
719:
607:
575:; the poem generally does not appear in Eddic poetry collections (exceptions include
3481:
2524:
2489:
2484:
2424:
1005:
3521:
3497:
2394:
1894:
1654:
1511:
1446:
935:
877:
58:
3564:
3398:
3309:
2681:
2202:
2071:
1939:
1336:
1093:
798:, vol. 1 Eddic Poetry, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 348–352, 565
3487:
3449:
3132:
3086:
3058:
3051:
2891:
2099:
1847:
912:
733:
250:
137:
3703:
3442:
2529:
2379:
2051:
3369:
3267:
3253:
3118:
3100:
2815:
2669:
2444:
2222:
2197:
2106:
1689:
1576:
1526:
1516:
1441:
296:
198:
129:
3171:
3148:
2552:
2547:
2036:
1075:
3774:
3738:
3698:
3545:
3474:
3125:
2805:
2800:
2749:
2734:
2676:
2624:
2504:
2499:
2434:
2429:
2349:
2339:
2238:
2212:
2121:
1795:
1551:
1386:
1256:
1208:
268:
238:
181:
3611:
3072:
2769:
2509:
2469:
2439:
2404:
2374:
2207:
2146:
2046:
2024:
1934:
1882:
1416:
1218:
3718:
3616:
3424:
3419:
3037:
3030:
3021:
2591:
1919:
1406:
1351:
990:
329:
The first verses frame peoples and their rulers. It is noteworthy that the
285:
246:
82:
54:
23:
Gizur challenging the Huns according to the Hlöðskviða (Hunnenschlachtlied)
3708:
3337:
3260:
2494:
2454:
2334:
2319:
1959:
1840:
1674:
1664:
1436:
290:
3005:
2759:
2729:
2639:
2479:
2409:
2389:
2369:
2344:
2273:
2263:
1361:
1288:
1070:
1010:
571:
202:
3713:
3688:
3435:
3155:
2820:
2606:
2449:
1805:
1491:
1366:
1356:
1321:
815:
423:
311:
156:
36:
3467:
3429:
2926:
2646:
2542:
2414:
2359:
2314:
2294:
2168:
1810:
1401:
319:
226:
214:
3344:
2534:
2309:
2111:
1451:
1376:
1371:
1326:
67: The location of the Goths in the poem which corresponds to the
3651:
3079:
2881:
2686:
2654:
2564:
2519:
2419:
2268:
2253:
2031:
1994:
1857:
1546:
1476:
1426:
1421:
1341:
995:
109:
3693:
3513:
2720:
Anthropomorphic wooden cult figurines of
Central and Northern Europe
2559:
2248:
2141:
1649:
1639:
1609:
1586:
1158:
939:
822:
Hervarar Saga og Heiðreks [The Saga of Hervör and
Heithrek]
718:. Garland Publishing, inc. New York & London. pp. 286–287.
695:
323:
3601:
2886:
2866:
2514:
2329:
2158:
2019:
1989:
1889:
1624:
1536:
1461:
1391:
1273:
1045:
985:
975:
699:
463:
263:
242:
3723:
2972:
2931:
2916:
2851:
2744:
2399:
2364:
2243:
2116:
1969:
1561:
1541:
1456:
1193:
1188:
1133:
1118:
1030:
1000:
606:. Vol. 20 (2 ed.). Walter de Gruyter. pp. 460–461.
387:
3667:
3626:
3606:
3585:
2876:
2464:
2384:
2354:
2299:
2217:
1830:
1644:
1614:
1316:
1268:
980:
738:
The Origin of Rus': Old
Scandinavian Sources Other than the Sagas
234:
230:
222:
169:
45:
3641:
2724:
2094:
1974:
1964:
1825:
1311:
1128:
1085:
1065:
1020:
952:
3672:
3631:
2324:
2289:
1999:
1909:
1899:
1852:
1694:
1634:
1346:
1283:
1246:
1198:
1113:
790:"(Book.5 § 5) The Hun's Cycle : Hlod and Angantheow's Lay"
475:
384:
378:
210:
1835:
1679:
1481:
1228:
1223:
1163:
1055:
795:
Corpus
Poeticum Boreale: The Poetry of the Old Northern Tongue
567:, the Gothic realm in Scythia, overrun by the Huns in the 370s
27:
3646:
3621:
3492:
2921:
2911:
2871:
2861:
2856:
2304:
2131:
2076:
1984:
1979:
1914:
1862:
1815:
1699:
1684:
1581:
1531:
1521:
1501:
1471:
1466:
1431:
1381:
1331:
1278:
1261:
1251:
1238:
1183:
1168:
1108:
1103:
1025:
970:
965:
506:
371:
330:
218:
2779:
1486:
2846:
2825:
2659:
2632:
2089:
2084:
1820:
1669:
1591:
1506:
1148:
1138:
1060:
1050:
1040:
1015:
564:
206:
72:
632:
1867:
1178:
1098:
600:
Eggers, M. (2002). "Myrkviðr". In Beck, Heinrich (ed.).
1770:
people, clan, and place names in
Germanic heroic legend
154:
There are two main sources for the saga, "H", from the
16:
Old Norse heroic poem about a battle of Goths and Huns.
644:
512:
The poem ends with Angantýr finding his brother dead:
193:; the actual battle has been identified as either the
668:
620:
249:. Similarities between the story in the saga and the
907:
820:
Also
Kershaw's translation alongside the Old Norse
266:
or parts of strophes interspersed among the text in
143:
326:, their sister, then Hlöðr himself as casualties.
3736:
505:Angantýr offers Hlöðr a third of his realm, and
780:
576:
413:Valdar is also named as a king of the Danes in
740:. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
714:. In Pulsiano, Phillip; Wolf, Kirsten (eds.).
583:), but contains some poetry in a similar style
3529:
2988:
893:
812:, Cambridge University Press, pp. 79–150
237:; another interpretation makes the Goths the
2622:
922:Mythological Norse people, items and places
603:Reallexikon der germansichen Altertumskunde
3536:
3522:
2995:
2981:
900:
886:
830:"13. The Battle of the Goths and the Huns"
104:and occasionally known by its German name
1720:List of figures in Germanic heroic legend
422:After Heiðrekr's death, Hlöðr travels to
26:
18:
844:
827:
802:
754:
732:
709:
690:
674:
663:
650:
638:
626:
580:
549:
496:
404:
277:
3737:
760:"The Battle of the Goths and the Huns"
716:Medieval Scandinavia, and encyclopedia
599:
213:; or a battle between the Gothic king
3543:
3517:
2976:
881:
867:, translated by Tunstall, Peter, 2005
593:
262:The poem is preserved as 29 separate
53: An older Gothic territory (see
514:
429:
339:
300:, whilst other lines are less rich.
3002:
1780:named weapons, armour and treasures
809:Stories and Ballads of the Far Past
314:, king of the Goths, had two sons,
13:
2957:Heathenry (new religious movement)
14:
3786:
873:
847:The Saga of King Heidrek the Wise
838:, Cambridge The University press
1620:Austri, Vestri, Norðri and Suðri
769:, vol. 14, pp. 141–163
195:Battle of the Catalaunian Plains
144:Texts, historicity, and analysis
102:The Battle of the Goths and Huns
71:, in the 4th century (see also
3755:Fiction set in the 5th century
3750:Fiction set in the 4th century
2057:Nine Daughters of Ægir and Rán
656:
1:
587:
35: The land of the Geats,
7:
2127:Tanngrisnir and Tanngnjóstr
835:Anglo-Saxon and Norse poems
577:Vigfússon & Powell 1883
558:
537:It will be never forgotten;
306:
10:
3791:
3229:Helgakviða Hundingsbana II
2794:Festivals and holy periods
683:
539:the Norns's doom is evil.
445:er stendr á stǫðum Danpar,
225:; or a battle between the
147:
3681:
3660:
3594:
3578:
3552:
3459:
3412:
3383:
3354:
3238:
3222:Helgakviða Hjörvarðssonar
3215:Helgakviða Hundingsbana I
3206:
3199:
3192:
3110:
3020:
3013:
2944:
2834:
2793:
2712:
2705:
2615:
2577:
2282:
2231:
2190:
2181:
2062:Nine Mothers of Heimdallr
1788:
1775:named animals and plants
1710:
1600:
1302:
1237:
1084:
951:
928:
919:
828:Kershaw, N., ed. (1922),
710:Pritsak, Omeljan (1993).
701:Eddukvæði (Sæmundar-Edda)
269:Hervarar saga ok Heiðreks
150:Hervarar saga ok Heiðreks
118:Hervarar saga ok Heiðreks
3296:Sigurðarkviða hin skamma
1883:Black elves (Svartálfar)
201:and the Visigoths under
61:in the early 3rd century
2765:Sacred trees and groves
2005:Hamskerpir and Garðrofa
1878:Light elves (Ljósálfar)
533:We are cursed, kinsman,
522:bani em ek þinn orðinn;
520:Bǫlvat es okkr, bróðir,
472:that fair-wrought stone
257:
197:(451 AD), between
100:), known in English as
57:) corresponding to the
3579:Connected by the sword
2623:
1873:Dark elves (Dökkálfar)
1522:Narfi (father of Nott)
531:
518:
458:
433:
368:of Huns was the ruler,
366:Of old they said Humli
364:
343:
254:recorded in the saga.
86:
24:
3282:Brot af Sigurðarkviðu
2015:Skinfaxi and Hrímfaxi
1294:Sister-wife of Njörðr
470:in Gothland standing,
449:þær er Heiðrekr átti,
443:stein þann inn fagra,
441:er stendr á Goðþjóðu,
136:, or further east in
30:
22:
3745:Old Norse literature
3637:Hjalmar and Ingeborg
2785:Wetlands and islands
1905:Fjörgyn and Fjörgynn
855:Tolkien, Christopher
756:Tolkien, Christopher
641:, pp. xxi–xxii.
526:illr er dómr norna.
486:and lustrous rings!
191:Carpathian Mountains
134:Carpathian Mountains
44: the island of
3247:Frá dauða Sinfjötla
2067:Narfi (son of Loki)
1214:Þorgerðr Hölgabrúðr
782:Vigfússon, Gudbrand
460:the renowned forest
437:er Myrkviðr heitir,
394:the English people
274:Christopher Tolkien
245:in a battle on the
69:Chernyakhov culture
3503:Icelandic language
3303:Helreið Brynhildar
3140:Völuspá hin skamma
3014:Mythological poems
2713:Religious practice
2687:Old Norse language
2154:Váli (son of Loki)
2042:Líf and Lífthrasir
1950:Árvakr and Alsviðr
1945:Horses of the Æsir
1925:Hati Hróðvitnisson
1066:Váli (son of Odin)
909:Old Norse religion
468:the hallowed grave
439:grǫf þá ina helgu,
392:Alrek the valiant
376:of Goths Angantyr,
229:and the Vulgares (
106:Hunnenschlachtlied
87:
25:
3732:
3731:
3511:
3510:
3408:
3407:
3379:
3378:
3324:Guðrúnarkviða III
3188:
3187:
3179:Hrafnagaldr Óðins
2970:
2969:
2962:Nordic Bronze Age
2952:Germanic paganism
2940:
2939:
2811:Germanic calendar
2775:Temple at Uppsala
2573:
2572:
2177:
2176:
2137:Þjálfi and Röskva
2081:Personifications
944:and other figures
556:
555:
552:, (103) pp.57–8)
535:your killer am I!
503:
502:
484:land and liegemen
482:owned by Heidrek,
435:hrís þat it mæra,
411:
410:
357:Alrekr inn frœkni
3782:
3538:
3531:
3524:
3515:
3514:
3498:Old Norse poetry
3384:Non-Codex Regius
3355:Jörmunrekkr Lays
3317:Guðrúnarkviða II
3204:
3203:
3197:
3196:
3111:Non-Codex Regius
3018:
3017:
2997:
2990:
2983:
2974:
2973:
2710:
2709:
2628:
2395:Grove of fetters
2188:
2187:
1895:Fjalar (rooster)
1655:Fjalar and Galar
949:
948:
902:
895:
888:
879:
878:
868:
858:
853:, translated by
852:
839:
813:
799:
770:
764:
751:
734:Pritsak, Omeljan
729:
705:
678:
672:
666:
662:For example see
660:
654:
648:
642:
636:
630:
624:
618:
617:
597:
515:
499:, (82) pp.48–9)
453:ok ljósa bauga.
447:hálfar herváðir,
430:
416:Guðrúnarkviða II
407:, (75) pp.45–6)
381:the Danes ruled,
340:
176:Orvar-Odd's Saga
80:
66:
59:Wielbark culture
52:
43:
34:
3790:
3789:
3785:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3780:
3779:
3735:
3734:
3733:
3728:
3677:
3656:
3590:
3574:
3548:
3542:
3512:
3507:
3488:Norse mythology
3455:
3450:Codex Wormianus
3404:
3375:
3350:
3289:Guðrúnarkviða I
3234:
3184:
3106:
3009:
3001:
2971:
2966:
2936:
2892:Norse cosmology
2830:
2789:
2701:
2697:Later influence
2611:
2569:
2283:Other locations
2278:
2227:
2173:
2100:Sumarr and Vetr
1784:
1706:
1596:
1397:Gjálp and Greip
1298:
1233:
1080:
945:
943:
934:
924:
915:
906:
876:
871:
861:
850:
788:, eds. (1883),
786:Powell, F. York
762:
748:
726:
686:
681:
673:
669:
661:
657:
653:, p. xxii.
649:
645:
637:
633:
625:
621:
614:
598:
594:
590:
561:
541:
538:
536:
534:
528:
525:
524:þat mun æ uppi,
523:
521:
488:
485:
483:
481:
479:
473:
471:
469:
467:
461:
455:
452:
450:
448:
446:
444:
442:
440:
438:
436:
396:
393:
391:
382:
377:
375:
369:
367:
361:
358:
356:
354:
352:
350:
348:
346:
309:
260:
251:Battle of Nedao
152:
146:
138:European Russia
85:
78:
76:
64:
62:
50:
48:
41:
39:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3788:
3778:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3730:
3729:
3727:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3685:
3683:
3679:
3678:
3676:
3675:
3670:
3664:
3662:
3658:
3657:
3655:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3598:
3596:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3588:
3582:
3580:
3576:
3575:
3573:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3556:
3554:
3550:
3549:
3541:
3540:
3533:
3526:
3518:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3493:Skaldic poetry
3490:
3485:
3478:
3471:
3463:
3461:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3453:
3446:
3439:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3416:
3414:
3410:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3403:
3402:
3395:
3387:
3385:
3381:
3380:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3373:
3366:
3358:
3356:
3352:
3351:
3349:
3348:
3341:
3334:
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3218:
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3183:
3182:
3175:
3168:
3167:
3166:
3159:
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3143:
3129:
3122:
3119:Baldrs draumar
3114:
3112:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3097:
3090:
3083:
3076:
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3015:
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2999:
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2587:Æsir–Vanir War
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2425:Hoddmímis holt
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2259:Körmt and Örmt
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1690:Sons of Ivaldi
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1036:Móði and Magni
1033:
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1008:
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874:External links
872:
870:
869:
859:
842:
841:
840:
824:
800:
777:
776:
772:
771:
752:
746:
730:
724:
707:
694:, ed. (1956),
692:Jónsson, Guðni
687:
685:
682:
680:
679:
677:, p. 198.
667:
655:
643:
631:
629:, p. 287.
619:
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568:
560:
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529:
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493:
490:
489:
480:half the armor
462:that is named
456:
409:
408:
401:
398:
397:
362:
359:enskri þjóðu.
355:en Vǫlum Kjár,
353:Valdarr Dǫnum,
351:Gotum Angantý,
345:Ár kváðu Humla
308:
305:
259:
256:
199:Flavius Aetius
148:Main article:
145:
142:
130:Central Europe
77:
63:
49:
40:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3787:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3770:Tyrfing cycle
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3699:Gamla Uppsala
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3587:
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3566:
3565:Hervararkviða
3563:
3561:
3560:Hervarar saga
3558:
3557:
3555:
3551:
3547:
3546:Tyrfing Cycle
3539:
3534:
3532:
3527:
3525:
3520:
3519:
3516:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
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3483:
3479:
3477:
3476:
3475:Eddica minora
3472:
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3421:
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3415:
3411:
3401:
3400:
3399:Hervararkviða
3396:
3394:
3393:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3382:
3372:
3371:
3367:
3365:
3364:
3360:
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3357:
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3346:
3342:
3340:
3339:
3335:
3333:
3332:
3331:Oddrúnargrátr
3328:
3326:
3325:
3321:
3319:
3318:
3314:
3312:
3311:
3310:Dráp Niflunga
3307:
3305:
3304:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3293:
3291:
3290:
3286:
3284:
3283:
3279:
3277:
3276:
3272:
3270:
3269:
3265:
3263:
3262:
3258:
3256:
3255:
3251:
3249:
3248:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3239:Niflung Cycle
3237:
3231:
3230:
3226:
3224:
3223:
3219:
3217:
3216:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3205:
3202:
3198:
3195:
3191:
3181:
3180:
3176:
3174:
3173:
3169:
3165:
3164:
3163:Fjölsvinnsmál
3160:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3152:
3151:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3141:
3137:
3136:
3135:
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3127:
3123:
3121:
3120:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3109:
3103:
3102:
3098:
3096:
3095:
3094:Völundarkviða
3091:
3089:
3088:
3084:
3082:
3081:
3077:
3075:
3074:
3070:
3068:
3067:
3063:
3061:
3060:
3056:
3054:
3053:
3049:
3047:
3046:
3045:Vafþrúðnismál
3042:
3040:
3039:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3028:
3027:
3025:
3023:
3019:
3016:
3012:
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2781:
2778:
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2756:
2755:Öndvegissúlur
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2735:Heitstrenging
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2708:
2704:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2682:Völsung Cycle
2680:
2678:
2677:Tyrfing Cycle
2675:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2662:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2649:
2648:
2644:
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2634:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2625:Gesta Danorum
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2598:
2597:Fróði's Peace
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2122:Shield-maiden
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1257:Ingunar-Freyr
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38:
29:
21:
3760:Eddic poetry
3719:Reidgotaland
3704:Glæsisvellir
3617:Gestumblindi
3569:
3553:Attestations
3480:
3473:
3466:
3448:
3443:Flateyjarbók
3441:
3434:
3425:AM 748 I 4to
3420:Codex Regius
3397:
3391:
3390:
3368:
3363:Guðrúnarhvöt
3361:
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3336:
3329:
3322:
3315:
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3273:
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3177:
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3066:Hárbarðsljóð
3064:
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3050:
3043:
3036:
3029:
3022:Codex Regius
3004:
2645:
2638:
2631:
2602:Hjaðningavíg
2380:Glæsisvellir
1920:Gullinbursti
1567:Útgarða-Loki
961:Almáttki áss
863:
846:
834:
808:
794:
775:Translations
766:
737:
715:
712:"Hlǫðskviða"
700:
696:"Hlöðskviða"
675:Pritsak 1981
670:
664:Tolkien 1960
658:
651:Tolkien 1960
646:
639:Tolkien 1960
634:
627:Pritsak 1993
622:
602:
595:
581:Jónsson 1956
570:
550:Tolkien 1960
532:
519:
511:
504:
497:Tolkien 1960
459:
451:lǫnd ok lýða
434:
421:
414:
412:
405:Tolkien 1960
365:
344:
334:
328:
310:
302:
295:
289:
286:eddaic poems
282:
278:Tolkien 1960
267:
261:
247:River Danube
187:
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174:
168:
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155:
153:
127:
116:
105:
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97:
93:
89:
88:
83:Roman Empire
55:Gothiscandza
3413:Manuscripts
3193:Heroic Lays
3172:Gróttasöngr
3149:Svipdagsmál
3006:Poetic Edda
2760:Reginnaglar
2692:Orthography
2665:Jómsvíkinga
2640:Poetic Edda
2553:Urðarbrunnr
2548:Mímisbrunnr
2480:Singasteinn
2410:Hindarfjall
2390:Gnipahellir
2370:Ginnungagap
2345:Fyrisvellir
2340:Fornsigtuna
2274:Vimur River
2264:Slidr River
2037:Jörmungandr
1447:Hrímgrímnir
1076:Vili and Vé
572:Poetic Edda
474:beside the
347:Húnum ráða,
203:Theodoric I
113:heroic poem
3765:Epic poems
3739:Categories
3612:Örvar-Oddr
3570:Hlöðskviða
3468:Prose Edda
3430:AM 738 4to
3392:Hlöðskviða
3207:Helgi Lays
3133:Hyndluljóð
3087:Þrymskviða
3073:Hymiskviða
3059:Skírnismál
3052:Grímnismál
2927:Viking Age
2902:Philosophy
2770:Sonargöltr
2655:Runestones
2647:Prose Edda
2592:Fimbulvetr
2543:Hvergelmir
2510:Valaskjálf
2470:Sessrúmnir
2440:Jötunheimr
2415:Hlidskjalf
2405:Himinbjörg
2375:Glaðsheimr
2360:Gastropnir
2315:Bilskirnir
2295:Amsvartnir
2208:Gjallarbrú
2191:Underworld
2147:Landvættir
2047:Loddfáfnir
2025:Svaðilfari
2010:Hófvarpnir
1955:Blóðughófi
1935:Hildisvíni
1811:Aurvandill
1572:Vafþrúðnir
1557:Þrúðgelmir
1417:Harðgreipr
588:References
370:Gizur the
227:Langobards
215:Ostrogotha
162:Hlöðskviða
98:Hlǫðsqviða
94:Hlǫðskviða
90:Hlöðskviða
81: The
3709:Munarvágr
3682:Locations
3652:Svafrlami
3482:Sólarljóð
3370:Hamðismál
3338:Atlakviða
3268:Fáfnismál
3261:Reginsmál
3254:Grípisspá
3101:Alvíssmál
3080:Lokasenna
2882:Mead hall
2816:Þorrablót
2670:Legendary
2565:Yggdrasil
2525:Víðbláinn
2520:Vanaheimr
2495:Þrymheimr
2490:Þrúðvangr
2485:Þrúðheimr
2455:Munarvágr
2445:Mímameiðr
2420:Hnitbjorg
2335:Fólkvangr
2320:Brávellir
2269:Vadgelmir
2254:Kerlaugar
2223:Niðafjöll
2183:Locations
2159:Valkyries
2107:Sæhrímnir
1995:Gulltoppr
1960:Falhófnir
1858:Einherjar
1841:Landdísir
1675:Mótsognir
1665:Hreiðmarr
1577:Víðblindi
1527:Sökkmímir
1517:Mögþrasir
1477:Hyrrokkin
1442:Hrímgerðr
1437:Hræsvelgr
1427:Helreginn
1422:Helblindi
1342:Bergelmir
1006:Ítreksjóð
913:mythology
767:Saga-Book
297:Hamðismál
291:Atlakviða
132:near the
115:found in
110:Old Norse
3714:Myrkviðr
3689:Arheimar
3602:Angantyr
3460:See also
3436:Hauksbók
3156:Grógaldr
3126:Rígsþula
2945:See also
2867:Hamingja
2821:Vetrnætr
2806:Dísablót
2801:Álfablót
2607:Ragnarök
2515:Valhalla
2505:Útgarðar
2450:Myrkviðr
2435:Járnviðr
2430:Iðavöllr
2350:Gálgviðr
2330:Fensalir
2239:Élivágar
2213:Náströnd
2203:Éljúðnir
2072:Níðhöggr
2020:Sleipnir
1990:Gullfaxi
1890:Fimafeng
1806:Auðumbla
1625:Billingr
1552:Þrívaldi
1537:Suttungr
1492:Járnsaxa
1462:Hrungnir
1392:Gillingr
1387:Geirröðr
1367:Fárbauti
1357:Býleistr
1322:Angrboða
1274:Gullveig
986:Heimdall
976:Dellingr
826:Also in
806:(1921),
736:(1981).
706:, e-text
559:See also
464:Mirkwood
424:Árheimar
383:and the
316:Angantýr
312:Heiðrekr
307:Extracts
288:such as
264:strophes
243:Odotheus
217:and the
205:and the
179:and the
157:Hauksbók
108:, is an
37:Götaland
3661:Dwarves
3627:Heidrek
3607:Arngrim
3586:Tyrfing
3345:Atlamál
3038:Hávamál
3031:Völuspá
2897:Numbers
2877:Kenning
2750:Worship
2706:Society
2616:Sources
2535:Vingólf
2530:Vígríðr
2500:Uppsala
2465:Okolnir
2385:Glitnir
2355:Gandvik
2310:Bifröst
2300:Andlang
2218:Niflhel
2164:Völundr
2112:Skírnir
2052:Móðguðr
1848:Dragons
1831:Byggvir
1660:Gandalf
1645:Dvalinn
1615:Andvari
1452:Hrímnir
1407:Gunnlöð
1377:Fornjót
1372:Fjölvar
1352:Bölþorn
1327:Aurboða
1317:Alvaldi
1269:Gersemi
1086:Ásynjur
991:Hermóðr
981:Forseti
931:Deities
684:Sources
235:Ardaric
231:Bulgars
223:Fastida
170:Widsith
46:Gotland
3694:Bolmsö
3668:Dvalin
3632:Hervor
3595:People
2740:Horses
2579:Events
2560:Ýdalir
2539:Wells
2475:Sindri
2460:Nóatún
2325:Brimir
2290:Asgard
2249:Ífingr
2232:Rivers
2142:Vættir
2000:Gyllir
1910:Fylgja
1900:Fenrir
1853:Draugs
1789:Others
1712:Heroes
1695:Brokkr
1650:Fáfnir
1640:Dúrnir
1635:Durinn
1610:Alvíss
1602:Dwarfs
1587:Vörnir
1497:Laufey
1362:Eggþér
1347:Bestla
1304:Jötnar
1289:Njörðr
1284:Kvasir
1247:Freyja
1199:Snotra
1159:Njörun
1114:Gefjon
1071:Víðarr
1011:Lóðurr
940:jötnar
936:dwarfs
857:, 1960
816:e-text
744:
722:
610:
476:Dniepr
379:Valdar
372:Gautar
335:Gautar
324:Hervör
211:Attila
209:under
92:(also
79:
65:
51:
42:
33:
3724:Samsø
3673:Durin
3647:Sifka
3622:Gizur
2932:Völva
2922:Skald
2917:Seiðr
2912:Runes
2907:Rings
2872:Heiti
2857:Galdr
2852:Félag
2842:Death
2835:Other
2745:Hörgr
2660:Sagas
2400:Heiðr
2365:Gimlé
2305:Barri
2244:Gjöll
2169:Vörðr
2132:Troll
2117:Sköll
2077:Norns
1985:Grani
1980:Glenr
1970:Glaðr
1940:Hjúki
1915:Garmr
1868:Elves
1863:Eldir
1836:Dísir
1816:Beyla
1750:Hi–Hy
1700:Eitri
1685:Regin
1630:Dáinn
1582:Vosud
1562:Þrymr
1542:Þjazi
1532:Surtr
1502:Leikn
1472:Hymir
1467:Hrymr
1457:Hroðr
1432:Hljod
1412:Gymir
1402:Gríðr
1382:Gangr
1332:Baugi
1279:Hnoss
1262:Yngvi
1252:Freyr
1239:Vanir
1219:Þrúðr
1194:Skaði
1189:Sjöfn
1184:Sigyn
1169:Rindr
1154:Nanna
1134:Iðunn
1119:Gerðr
1109:Fulla
1104:Frigg
1031:Mímir
1026:Meili
1001:Hœnir
971:Bragi
966:Baldr
851:(PDF)
763:(PDF)
507:Gizur
385:Valir
331:Geats
320:Hlöðr
221:king
219:Gepid
3775:Huns
3642:Hlöd
3544:The
3003:The
2862:Goði
2847:Ergi
2826:Yule
2725:Blót
2633:Edda
2095:Nótt
2090:Elli
2085:Dagr
2032:Jörð
1975:Glær
1965:Gísl
1826:Búri
1821:Borr
1801:Auðr
1745:H–He
1670:Litr
1592:Ymir
1547:Þökk
1512:Logi
1507:Litr
1337:Beli
1312:Ægir
1174:Sága
1149:Lofn
1144:Irpa
1139:Ilmr
1129:Hlín
1061:Ullr
1051:Thor
1041:Odin
1021:Máni
1016:Loki
996:Höðr
953:Æsir
911:and
742:ISBN
720:ISBN
608:ISBN
579:and
565:Oium
388:Kjár
318:and
258:Text
207:Huns
96:and
73:Oium
2887:Nīþ
2730:Hof
2198:Hel
1930:Hel
1765:T–Y
1760:P–S
1755:I–O
1740:F–G
1735:D–E
1730:B–C
1680:Ótr
1482:Iði
1229:Vör
1224:Vár
1209:Syn
1204:Sól
1179:Sif
1164:Rán
1124:Gná
1099:Eir
1094:Bil
1056:Týr
1046:Óðr
294:or
3741::
2780:Vé
1487:Ím
938:,
933:,
832:,
814:,
792:,
784:;
765:,
698:,
548:—(
495:—(
419:.
403:—(
185:.
140:.
125:.
75:).
3537:e
3530:t
3523:v
2996:e
2989:t
2982:v
1725:A
942:,
901:e
894:t
887:v
750:.
728:.
616:.
478:,
466:,
390:,
374:,
333:(
276:(
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