27:
35:
200:
115:, thus permitting the organism to pull the entire body into the substrate when the holdfast is contracted. The holdfasts of organisms that live on smooth surfaces (such as the surface of a boulder) have flattened bases which adhere to the surface. The organism derives no nutrition from this intimate contact with the substrate, as the process of liberating nutrients from the substrate requires
100:
Holdfasts vary in shape and form depending on both the species and the substrate type. The holdfasts of organisms that live in muddy substrates often have complex tangles of root-like growths. These projections are called
159:
241:
183:
151:
111:. The holdfasts of organisms that live in sandy substrates are bulb-like and very flexible, such as those of
94:
260:
20:
119:
eroding the substrate away, thereby increasing the risk of the organism falling off the substrate.
234:
45:
26:
215:
265:
67:
8:
227:
179:
155:
211:
64:
130:, in that they have no absorbent function, instead serving only as an anchor.
254:
34:
83:
16:
Root-like structure that anchors aquatic sessile organisms, such as seaweed
103:
127:
38:
42:
86:
112:
79:
71:
199:
116:
108:
90:
207:
75:
123:
60:
49:
107:
and similar structures of the same name are found on
252:
235:
145:
30:Holdfast torn from the sea floor by a storm
242:
228:
126:and other algae differ from the roots of
33:
25:
253:
194:
13:
14:
277:
198:
178:. p. 232 & 235. Collins BBC
168:
139:
1:
133:
63:-like structure that anchors
214:. You can help Knowledge by
7:
122:The claw-like holdfasts of
10:
282:
193:
18:
21:Holdfast (disambiguation)
210:-related article is a
174:Attenborough, D.1984.
152:Natural History Museum
52:
31:
146:D. N. Thomas (2002).
37:
29:
19:For other uses, see
70:organisms, such as
53:
32:
223:
222:
176:The Living Planet
161:978-0-565-09175-0
273:
261:Plant morphology
244:
237:
230:
202:
195:
186:
172:
166:
165:
143:
74:, other sessile
41:holdfasts on an
281:
280:
276:
275:
274:
272:
271:
270:
251:
250:
249:
248:
191:
189:
173:
169:
162:
144:
140:
136:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
279:
269:
268:
263:
247:
246:
239:
232:
224:
221:
220:
203:
188:
187:
167:
160:
137:
135:
132:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
278:
267:
264:
262:
259:
258:
256:
245:
240:
238:
233:
231:
226:
225:
219:
217:
213:
209:
204:
201:
197:
196:
192:
185:
184:0-563-20207-6
181:
177:
171:
163:
157:
153:
149:
142:
138:
131:
129:
125:
120:
118:
117:enzymatically
114:
110:
106:
105:
98:
96:
92:
88:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
66:
62:
58:
51:
47:
44:
40:
36:
28:
22:
216:expanding it
205:
190:
175:
170:
147:
141:
121:
102:
99:
56:
54:
266:Algae stubs
128:land plants
255:Categories
154:, London.
134:References
87:cnidarians
78:, stalked
46:hardground
43:Ordovician
95:substrate
93:, to the
39:Eocrinoid
148:Seaweeds
113:sea pens
80:crinoids
57:holdfast
109:lichens
104:haptera
91:sponges
84:benthic
72:seaweed
68:sessile
65:aquatic
182:
158:
89:, and
206:This
124:kelps
76:algae
59:is a
212:stub
208:alga
180:ISBN
156:ISBN
61:root
50:Utah
48:in
257::
150:.
97:.
82:,
55:A
243:e
236:t
229:v
218:.
164:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
_holdfast.jpg)
