93:
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possession of the Arpad dynasty. As a point of interest, it is precisely the smallest ones, those set into the cross on the chest, that are attributed to St. Stephen. About a tiny fragment of the True Cross, a
Russian chronicler recording King Geza IIâs campaigns wrote that it had been the holy kingâs property and, despite its small size, it was a relic of great force. We are, perhaps, not off the track when surmising that the Hungarian crown was holy because it had once been reinforced with a fragment of the victory-bringing relic. . . . we know quite few reliquary crowns. To mention but the most obvious example, let us cite Charles Iâs crown provided with a cross containing a thorn relic.â
36:
1273:
470:
719:
1065:
1108:
53:
954:
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coat of arms. Since reliquary crosses frequently take such a double-barred form, the use of a patriarchal cross in the royal arms would be a direct reference to and representation of this royal relic. This association between the crown and this royal relic would also help to substantiate the theory that the Holy Crown was always intended to serve its historical role of legitimatizing the position of its wearer as the true divinely appointed king of
Hungary.
1385:
1000:
397:
269:
737:
634:
848:, around 1075. The gift was not a new crown, but rather an old crown designed for a woman that had to be selected from the Emperor's treasury and remodelled. The enamel pictures that become outdated were removed, since either represented earlier historical figures or were not appropriate for the Hungarian queen according to court protocol. It was in this form that the crown was sent to
1092:
2089:
482:
891:("Latin Crown") is made of four 5.2-cm-wide gold strips welded to the edge of a square central panel (7.2 Ă 7.2 cm); the strips are usually assumed to have been originally made for some other object, and adapted for the crown. It is not an independent object, as it has no function alone. It was designed to be attached to the top rim of the
2112:
990:
Later, it was the Crown itself, rather than the St. Stephen's cross reliquary that came to be regarded as holy through its traditional association with St. Stephen. Ăva KovĂĄcs further notes in this regard the early use of the patriarchal or double-barred cross and crown in the ancient
Hungarian royal
1225:
Most current academic knowledge about
Hungarian royal garments originates from this modern research. Following substantial U.S. political debate, the agreement to return the jewels contained many conditions to ensure the people of Hungary, rather than its Communist government, took possession of the
833:
The enamel plaques on the circular band, the panel depicting Christ
Pantokrator, and the picture of Emperor Michael were all affixed to the crown using different techniques. The picture of the emperor could not be attached to the rim in the same way as the Pantokrator picture on the front. The frame
965:
The cross is attached to the crown in a rough manner, rising from the midriff of Christ in the central enamel plaque at the top of the crown. This addition might have been made during the 16th century. The cross was knocked crooked during the 17th century when the crown was damaged, possibly by the
1571:
Zombori, I, Cséfalvay, P., Maria
Antonietta De Angelis: A Thousand Years of Christianity in Hungary â Hungariae Christianae Millennium â Published by the Hungarian Catholic Episcopal Conference, Budapest, 2001, for the exhibition in the Musea of Vatican, Vatican City, 10 October 2001 â 12 January
900:
The inscription on the pictures of the saints and the style of their lettering suggest the date when they were made. Amidst the antique-style capital letters, the T in Thomas and the second U in Paulus are formed in the style characteristic of the Latin letters used on
Byzantine coins, a practice
982:
in 1551, she broke the cross off the crownâs peak for her son, John
Sigismund. According to a contemporary Polish chronicler, John Sigismund wore this cross on his chest till the end of his life, "... because he who possesses this cross will again come into possession of the missing parts which,
905:
of a book. It is also possible, although it cannot be verified, that IstvĂĄn I received a crown as a gift from one of the popes, reciprocating his – historically documented – gifts. The picture of the apostles, however, based on their style, cannot be dated to around
598:
The differing styles and techniques used in making the enamel pictures and the fact that the inscriptions on the diadem are in Greek and on the bands in Latin suggest that the two parts were probably made in two different periods. However, there are no known representations in which the crown is
986:
Later, the cross became the property of
Sigismund Bathory who, persuaded by his confessor, bestowed it on Emperor Rudolf II. This was reported by an Italian envoy in Prague who also told the Isabella-John Sigismund story.â She also notes that âSeveral small fragments of the True Cross were in
578:
However, the legend is not supported by historical evidence. Mieszko I did not live at the same time as St. Stephen I or Pope
Sylvester II. Also, the "Greater Legend" of St Stephen, written around 1083, makes no mention of the Crown's Roman provenance: "in the fifth year after the death of his
1034:, which probably came from the treasury of St. IstvĂĄn, at the time of the creation of the crown there existed further expectation that the coronation insignia would eventually include additional gold works that could be linked to the first, beatified Hungarian king, IstvĂĄn.
1324:
at the National Museum due to its delicate, faint condition. Unlike the crown and accompanying insignia, the originally red coloured mantle is considered to date back to Stephen I, and was made circa 1030. Old records describe the robe as handiwork of the queen and her
563:
arrived at Rome first. In a dream, the Pope saw an angel who told him: "There will be another envoy from an unknown folk, who will ask for a crown also. Give them the crown, as they deserve it." The next day Astrik arrived, and the Pope gave the crown to him.
973:
and that it was the presence of the True Cross in the Holy Crown which made it holy. She states that âSzabolcs Vajay called to my attention a strange incident in the crownâs history which had completely escaped everybodyâs attention. Before Queen
1218:) alongside the bulk of the United States' gold reserves and other priceless historical items. After undergoing extensive historical research to verify the crown as genuine, it was returned to the people of Hungary by order of U.S. President
821:
of Tourkia" (Hungary). As was customary in the hierarchy of the Byzantine state, clear differentiation is made between style of the emperors and that of the Hungarian king by using a hellenized form of the common South Slavic word for "king"
210:, which may have had another function. The Holy Crown has probably been remodelled using elements of different origins. The date assigned to the present configuration of the Holy Crown is most commonly put around the late 12th century. The
583:
archives have found no record of the granting of the crown, despite the prestige that would accrue from such a discovery. Another document giving doubtful evidence is by Thietmar von Merseburg (died 1018): he wrote that Holy Roman Emperor
940:
to transform this Byzantine open crown into a closed crown (i.e., the type of crown proper to the autocrat, the senior emperor or monarch in Byzantine imperial protocol) and to provide a base for the reliquary cross at its summit (see
1920:(exhibition catalogue, Stuttgartâ2000), p. 535 Nr. 27.01.09. Mechthild Schulze-Dörrlamm, "Schwerter des 10. Jahrhunderts als Herrschaftszeichen der Ottonen", Jahrbuch des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums 59 (2012) 609â651 (p. 630).
909:
The intersecting bands are edged with beaded gold wire that close off the lower end of the bands and finish off the system of decoration. There are twelve pearls on the central panel and a total of seventy-two altogether on the
594:
The question to what extent the upper part of the Holy Crown belonged to the crown of King Stephen I remained open until 1978, when the coronation insignia was returned to Hungary and a thorough examination was carried out.
843:
with its pointed and arched plaques is identical to the form of the crowns of the Byzantine empresses â in other words it was a woman's crown. It was given by Emperor Michael Dukas VII to King GĂ©za's wife, known only as
933:
from a Greek monastery in Hungary. In order to get it to fit into its new role the apostles at the bottom of each of the four arms of this asterisk were cut off before it was very crudely attached to the inside of the
1272:
919:
The central panel is decorated with a square cloisonné enamel picture depicting Christ Pantokrator. Each band has two (altogether eight) pictures of standing apostles identical to the first eight listed in Acts 1.13.
834:
was folded upwards and the picture of the emperor was nailed to the edge. We can thus conclude that the picture of Michael VII was not originally designed for this crown, but was probably used first somewhere else.
3672:
966:
top of the iron chest housing the insignia being hastily closed without the crown having been placed in it properly. The cross has since been left in this slanted position, and is now typically depicted as such.
579:
father...they brought a Papal letter of blessing...and the Lordâs favoured one, Stephen, was chosen to be king, and was anointed with oil and auspiciously crowned with the diadem of royal honour". Moreover,
1428:
3666:
2330:
611:, which should be worn only on the occasion of a coronation, and for the rest of the time two crown guards (koronaĆr) guard it. Apart from this, there are only two other people who can touch it, the
1253:
3448:
2802:
1329:
and the mantle's middle back bears the king's only known portrait (which shows his crown was not the currently existing one). A circular inscription sewn in Latin identifies the coat as a bishop's
497:
2335:
2756:
2254:
1241:
2704:
2931:
1014:-type crowns with closed tops, as introduced in the Byzantine Empire. The presence of multiple pictures is also typical of Byzantine crowns. When the intersecting bands were added to the
245:
The shape is elliptic (width 203.9 mm, length 215.9 mm) and is larger than a normal human head. During coronations, the king had to wear a leather 'kapa' liner inside the crown.
3550:
3545:
2672:
3786:
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1354:
The ceremonial straight sword kept in the Holy Crown collection is a 14th-century Italian product. However, what is said to be an original coronation sword of Stephen I has been in
3814:
3660:
3575:
3565:
3555:
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The Holy Crown was made of gold and decorated with nineteen enamel "pantokrator" pictures (Greek meaning "master of all") as well as semi-precious stones, genuine pearls, and
2880:
383:
1659). Under this doctrine, the crown itself is a legal person identical to the state of Hungary. It is superior to the ruling monarch, who rules "in the name of the crown".
225:, when Hungary needed a new monarch it did not seek a crown to inaugurate a king, but a king worthy of the Crown. He also said "the Holy Crown is for the Hungarians what the
3908:
5246:
2971:
2943:
758:(1071â1078) is depicted. Below it to the left is the half-length picture of "Kon. Porphyrogennetos", this probably being either Emperor Michael's brother and co-emperor
198:
on enamel plaques in the lower crown. However, in popular tradition the Holy Crown was thought to be older and of Papal provenance, dating to the time of the first King
4299:
969:Ăva KovĂĄcs suggests that the present plain cross on the top of the crown is a replacement of an original double-barred reliquary cross containing three pieces of the
2790:
2258:
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2768:
2719:
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575:. Subsequently, the story of the crown sent by Sylvester II spread throughout the Christian world, and was published in 1613 by the crown guard PĂ©ter RĂ©vay.
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abandoned in the middle of the eleventh century. They may have decorated a reliquary box or a portable altar given to IstvĂĄn I by the pope, or possibly the
2762:
345:(queen). This consecration was supposed to empower the crown with divine force to help the future kings of Hungary under the "Doctrine of the Holy Crown" (
4753:
2585:
454:
3901:
3726:
1103:(1916). To date, he is the last monarch to be crowned with St. Stephen's Crown. Notice the size difference between the crown and the king's head.
5291:
3585:
1887:
92:
1056:, the rulers are holding identically shaped sceptres. Such short-staffed sceptres ending in orbs were not in use as insignia earlier or later.
1226:
jewels. The majority of the Hungarian-American population opposed the decision to return the crown. On January 6, 1978, US Secretary of State
5266:
4938:
4441:
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2499:
1720:
A. Gallus, "The structural aspect: towards a plural society", Quest for a new Central Europe, ed. J. VarsĂĄnyi, 1976, pp. 130-176, at p. 147
1591:. Corpus fontium historiae Byzantinae (New, revised ed.). Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies. p. 65.
221:
The name "Holy Crown" was first used in 1256. By the 14th century it became the unique symbol of royal power. As written by Crown Guard
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810:
136:
for most of its existence; kings were crowned with it since the twelfth century. The Crown symbolized the King's authority over the
4716:
4373:
3186:
1807:
1935:
BaĂĄn, IstvĂĄn (1997). "The Foundation of the Archbishopric of Kalocsa: The Byzantine Origin of the Second Archdiocese in Hungary".
5170:
3695:
2901:
1119:
The Holy Crown has had a varied history; having been stolen, hidden, lost, recovered, and taken abroad several times. During the
862:
461:
1956:
BaĂĄn, IstvĂĄn (1999). "The Metropolitanate of Tourkia: The Organization of the Byzantine Church in Hungary in the Middle Ages".
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414:
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while GĂ©za does not. The inscriptions of the emperorsâ names are in red, while the Hungarian king's is in dark blue or black.
4446:
4294:
2424:
2395:
1698:
1506:
637:
A sketch of the enamel icons of the Saints on the Holy Crown (top view, the crown's front side is on the bottom of the image)
524:, who was brought up in the Byzantine court and was briefly heir to the Byzantine throne. This was several decades after the
1835:
1787:
5261:
5251:
4760:
4226:
4180:
2072:
Vajay Sz. "De Corona Regia. Corona. Regni, Sacra Corona: Königskronen und Kronensymbolik in mittelalterlichen Ungarn", in
1646:
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4655:
4607:
4597:
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1916:, dated to the 10th century. A.âMerhautovĂĄ,âs.âv.â"SchwertâdesâheiligenâStephan", in: âA.âWieczorekâ/âH.-M.âHinzâ(eds.),
211:
153:
4519:
3327:
2666:
1976:
BĂ rĂ ny-Oberschall, Magda de (1949), "Localization of the Enamels of the Upper Hemisphere of the Holy Crown of Hungary",
4784:
4514:
4476:
4436:
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4421:
4166:
4159:
4030:
2436:
449:
5196:
4981:
4856:
4770:
4660:
4386:
2990:
1967:
1946:
1771:
1656:
1596:
1336:
The sceptre is considered the artistically most valuable piece of the Hungarian royal inventory. It contains a solid
436:
308:
4881:
4736:
4501:
3948:
2202:
1207:
3400:
2156:
2151:
4098:
3454:
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2750:
2556:
979:
763:
708:
2169:
2146:
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2919:
2004:
1077:
528:
of Stephen I marked the beginning of Hungarian statehood, variously given as Christmas 1000 or 1 January 1001.
418:
290:
3995:
3701:
2818:
2697:
5115:
5105:
4871:
2401:
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during the rule of BĂ©la III, who had been brought up in Constantinople, the bands were decorated just as the
613:
233:
169:
1369:
claimed to have belonged to King Stephen I, and seen in the Mantle portrait, was reportedly obtained by the
202:
crowned 1000/1001. It is one of two known Byzantine crowns to survive, the other being the slightly earlier
4961:
4833:
4706:
4496:
4451:
4366:
4134:
4057:
3460:
3139:
1156:
1049:
958:
827:
688:
485:
161:
137:
4617:
3707:
3251:
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3239:
3233:
3227:
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consented to Stephen's coronation, and that the Pope sent his blessings, but there is no mention a crown.
214:
regalia consists of the Holy Crown, the sceptre, the orb, and the mantle. The orb has the coat of arms of
5236:
5165:
5155:
5110:
4905:
4748:
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4524:
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1690:
History of the Mongols from the 9th to the 19th Century: The So-called Tartars of Russia and Central Asia
3606:
3123:
2609:
496:
According to the most accepted theory, in the publications of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the
5231:
5042:
5035:
5001:
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4633:
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4092:
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4043:
3943:
3383:
3272:
2681:
2276:
2164:
814:
3169:
457:. All images of the crown before the mid-17th century show the cross in its original upright position.
35:
4779:
4743:
4647:
4486:
4073:
3617:
3612:
2913:
2477:
2353:
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1299:
1003:
207:
2811:
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The two aquamarine stones with cut surfaces on the back of the diadem were added as replacements by
165:
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5145:
5080:
4946:
4917:
4819:
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4731:
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2430:
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1613:
712:
618:
2225:
1730:
805:
The contemporary Byzantine name for the Hungarians was "Turks", while the Hungarian branch of the
5150:
5029:
4996:
4927:
4891:
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4825:
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4711:
4696:
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3133:
2448:
2412:
2389:
1440:
1112:
1081:
1053:
806:
591:
There are also more romantic theories putting the origin of the crown into the far past in Asia.
407:
279:
4851:
321:
As with all European Christian crowns, the Holy Crown symbolizes a halo signifying the wearer's
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4991:
4461:
4106:
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3819:
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2264:
1317:
145:
1344:
caliphate. Its handle contains a wooden rod surrounded by very fine wrought silver ornaments.
1124:
536:
329:
held up the crown before his death (in the year 1038) to consecrate it and his kingdom to the
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translated by Peter Balban; translated and revised by Mary and Andras Boros-Kazai, pp. 79-80
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2418:
2371:
2195:
1627:
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453:
The oldest authentic representation of the Holy Crown from 1555. The crown depicted in the
326:
215:
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157:
125:
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191:
8:
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3145:
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2442:
2270:
1359:
930:
818:
700:
696:
560:
540:
469:
226:
3483:
1811:
1550:"De sacra corona regni Hungariae ortu, virtuti, victoria, fortuna... brevis commentarius
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of Hungary, the highest ecclesiastical title), who places it on the head of the king.
617:(the highest secular title), who puts it onto a pillow during the coronation, and the
5060:
5055:
4951:
4838:
4554:
4471:
4152:
4139:
4113:
3718:
3689:
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2597:
2527:
2365:
2128:
2108:
2000:
1963:
1942:
1767:
1694:
1652:
1592:
1502:
1348:
1064:
572:
539:, in which the "Pope" sent King Stephen I "his blessings and a crown". According to "
184:
2301:
1048:
with the orb at the end can also be dated to the time of St IstvĂĄn. On the seals of
5256:
5205:
5135:
5130:
5011:
4922:
4843:
4335:
4145:
4009:
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3648:
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2656:
2318:
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1978:
1279:
1171:). They were subsequently dug up and returned to the royal castle in Buda in 1853.
902:
660:) dangling from chains on each side of the diadem and one in the back. There is no
622:
608:
517:
356:
222:
203:
176:
129:
1321:
1190:. The crown jewels were transported to Western Europe and eventually given to the
1084:
in 1990. The National Assembly chose the pre-war coat of arms over the crown-less
1041:
indicates with all certainty that IstvĂĄn I and Queen Gizella had it made in 1031.
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3079:
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1957:
1936:
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has survived. On 1 January 2000, the Holy Crown of Hungary was moved to the
1260:
1100:
799:
767:
568:
141:
20:
3466:
1860:
232:
Since 2000, the Holy Crown has been on display in the central Domed Hall of the
5210:
5066:
3745:
3424:
3001:
2640:
2506:
2407:
2090:"The Social Life of the Byzantine Gift: The Royal Crown of Hungary Re-Invented"
1839:
1448:
1390:
1144:
865:. This view is confirmed by the fact that Grand Prince GĂ©za is depicted on the
775:
474:
195:
180:
113:
4218:
251:
The gold-silver alloys in the upper and the lower parts differ in alloy ratio.
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3865:
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took the crown and the coronation jewels with him after the collapse of the
3921:
3875:
3840:
3762:
1913:
1403:
1219:
1199:
1179:
1175:
1160:
704:
695:. On the rim to the right and left of Jesus are pictures of the archangels
580:
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banknote, issued in 2000, the millennium anniversary of the coronation of
1107:
4203:
3804:
3090:
2925:
2383:
1623:
1227:
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330:
52:
1128:
1123:(1000â1301), the coronation insignia was kept in the coronation city of
521:
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3113:
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1983:
1340:
ball decorated with engraved lions, a rare product of the 10th-century
1314:
1136:
970:
525:
421: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
293: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1619:
1247:
The portrayal of Stephen I on the Hungarian coronation pall from 1031
1211:
1148:
1069:
999:
785:
684:("Greek Crown") is 5.2 cm wide with a diameter of 20.5 cm.
642:
548:
380:
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1164:
1022:
was, perhaps with the intention of imitating the Byzantine pattern.
791:
771:
516:; and the uppermost cross, tilted at an angle. It was created under
396:
268:
19:"Hungarian crown" redirects here. For the Polish royal regalia, see
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and buried them in a wooden box in a willow forest, near Orsova in
1025:
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2037:
LĂĄszlĂł PĂ©ter, "The Holy Crown of Hungary, Visible and Invisible",
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Castle commemorating the guarding of the Crown there in 1805â1806
849:
532:
531:
Another version of the origin of the crown was written by bishop
68:
2018:
Denkschriften der Ăsterreichsischen akademie d. Wiss. Phil.hist.
1990:
Die Sankt Stephans-Krone und die Insinien des Königreichs Ungarn
1143:. In 1805â1806 the Crown was kept for about three months in the
571:
and breviaries in Hungary around 1200, naming the then-existing
3181:
3164:
1861:"Returning the Crown of Saint Stephen to post-Cold War Hungary"
1355:
1337:
1326:
544:
736:
633:
4330:
3737:
3196:
3156:
2494:
2211:
1748:, Eva Kovacs and Zsuzsa Lovag Budapest: Corvina Kiado, 1980;
1366:
823:
795:
779:
661:
489:
1310:
and the coronation sword were also moved to the Parliament.
1099:, taking his coronation oath at Holy Trinity Column outside
916:, symbolising the number of Christ's disciples (Acts 10.1).
2023:
FĂŒgedi E., "Medieval Coronations in Hungary in Studies" in
1588:
De Administrando Imperio by Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus
1140:
1091:
556:
552:
481:
983:
subjected to the power of the cross, had belonged to it".
559:", who is not named. Despite Astrik's haste, the envoy of
2180:
1610:
According to Constantine Porphyrogenitus, writing in his
1127:. Later, the crown was housed in one of three locations:
1670:
1668:
1572:
2002 â under the auspices of Prime Minister Viktor OrbĂĄn
770:. To the right there is a picture of the Hungarian King
3916:
1010:
The form of the Holy Crown is identical to that of the
628:
365:
Explanation of the Holy Crown of the Kingdom of Hungary
359:, a Crown Guard, expounded this doctrine in his works
1665:
1644:
1562:
NĂ©meth Zsolt: A magyar Szent Korona, BKL KiadĂł, 2007.
1290:
Uniquely in Europe, most of the medieval ensemble of
691:(1608â1619). The enamel picture on the front depicts
2122:
1999:, Penguin History of Art (now Yale), 2nd edn. 1979,
1380:
871:
without a crown, although carrying a royal sceptre.
855:
There is another view that the GĂ©za depicted on the
500:, the Holy Crown consists of three parts: the lower
5247:
11th-century establishments in the Byzantine Empire
2087:
1912:The sword has a walrus-tooth hilt decorated in the
1686:
2041:, Vol. 81, No. 3 (Jul., 2003), pp. 421â510,
1962:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 45â53.
1888:"Crown of St.Stephen Formally Returned to Hungary"
1030:Beside the using of the intersecting bands of the
1006:crowned with the Holy Crown as the King of Hungary
817:" (Hungary), and the head of this church was the "
599:separated: the Holy Crown is always shown as one.
1982:, Vol. 31, No. 2 (Jun., 1949), pp. 121â126,
1865:Association for Diplomatic Studies & Training
1580:
1578:
826:) for GĂ©za. The saints and the Greek rulers have
520:influence during the reign of the Hungarian King
5223:
1830:
1828:
1808:"Jimmy Carter Library: The Crown of St. Stephen"
1640:
1638:
1636:
1026:Links to the first Hungarian king, Saint Stephen
653:), and the cross on the top tilted at an angle.
175:The enamels on the crown are mainly or entirely
4248:
3673:Crown of the Virgin of the Tabernacle of Toledo
880:
703:, followed by half-length images of the Saints
673:
1575:
1059:
754:In the arched frame on the back of the diadem
248:The weight is 2056 g. (4 lb 8.52 oz)
239:
5272:Crowns of the coat of Arms of Austria-Hungary
4367:
4234:
3902:
3333:Imperial Crown of Mexico (2nd Mexican Empire)
3328:Imperial Crown of Mexico (1st Mexican Empire)
2196:
2065:Tóth E. "Das ungarische Krönungspectrum", in
1938:Early Christianity in Central and East Europe
1825:
1633:
923:Ăva KovĂĄcs and Zsuzsa Lovag suggest that the
645:. It has three parts: "abroncs" (rim, hoop) (
183:in the 1070s. The crown was presented by the
1680:
1351:instead of a simple cross, as on the crown.
373:De monarchia et Sacra Corona Regni Hungariae
361:Commentarius De Sacra Regni Hungariae Corona
333:. After this, Mary was depicted not only as
160:in 1916. The only kings not so crowned were
3815:Crown of Sri Vikrama Rajasinha of Sri Lanka
3787:Silver Crown of Emperor Tewodros (Ethiopia)
2016:Deér J., "Die Heilige Krone Ungarnsin", in
1630:), and is four days distant from Tourkia ."
1611:
1548:
1233:
1230:returned the Crown to Hungary in Budapest.
935:
924:
911:
892:
886:
866:
856:
838:
745:
727:
679:
16:Coronation crown used by Hungarian monarchs
4374:
4360:
4241:
4227:
3909:
3895:
2203:
2189:
34:
2455:Crown of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother
1741:
1739:
1278:The Holy Crown on the commemorative 2000
437:Learn how and when to remove this message
377:On the Monarchy and Holy Crown of Hungary
325:to rule. According to popular tradition,
309:Learn how and when to remove this message
3667:Crown of the Crowned Virgin of the Kings
3187:Imperial Crown of Empress Go-Sakuramachi
2331:Coronet of the Imperial Prince of Brazil
1788:"Hungary: Recovery of Crown Jewels 1945"
1764:Reflections on the Holy Crown of Hungary
1618:(ca. 950 AD) "Patzinakia, the
1106:
1090:
1080:, the crown was reincorporated into the
1063:
998:
961:, showing the cross in vertical position
952:
735:
717:
632:
535:around 1100â1110 at the request of King
480:
468:
460:
448:
91:
2902:Imperial Crown of the Holy Roman Empire
2803:Funeral Crown of Augustus II the Strong
2176:Exhibition of the Holy Crown of Hungary
1885:
1761:
1733:, Hungarian Institute, 1978, pp. 13-115
1651:. Oxford University Press. p. 51.
1584:
1501:. Penguin Random House UK. p. 79.
1139:(present-day Bratislava, Slovakia); or
994:
498:Hungarian Catholic Episcopal Conference
5224:
1736:
1723:
1565:
4355:
4222:
3890:
3240:Gold Crown of Geumnyeongchong Tumulus
2425:Small Diamond Crown of Queen Victoria
2396:Coronet of Frederick, Prince of Wales
2336:Coronet of Laurels of Princess Isabel
2184:
2039:The Slavonic and East European Review
1750:The Hungarian crown and other regalia
1585:Jenkins, Romilly James Heald (1967).
1186:, Austria, on 4 May 1945 by the
1037:The inscription embroidered onto the
194:; both are depicted and named in the
4381:
3649:Royal Crown of Spain (Tumular Crown)
2757:Crown of Sophia Charlotte of Hanover
2255:Brilliant Crown of Empress Elisabeth
1955:
1941:. Warszawa: Semper. pp. 67â74.
1934:
1674:
1496:
649:), "keresztpĂĄntok" (cross straps) (
629:Structure of the crown and its icons
419:adding citations to reliable sources
390:
291:adding citations to reliable sources
262:
258:
179:work, presumed to have been made in
5267:National symbols of Austria-Hungary
3403:(destroyed; replica: StarĂĄ ÄœubovĆa)
2932:Reliquary Crown of John the Baptist
2461:Coronet of Charles, Prince of Wales
1959:Byzanz und Ostmitteleuropa 950-1453
13:
5292:Byzantine EmpireâHungary relations
3246:Gold Crown of Seobongchong Tumulus
2437:Coronet of George, Prince of Wales
2147:The Holy Crown of Hungary (images)
2081:
2060:The Coronational Cloak and Sceptre
14:
5303:
3820:Great Crown of Victory (Thailand)
3551:Cap of Monomakh of the second set
3546:Crown of Tsar Michael Fyodorovich
2705:Ducal Crown of Brunswick-LĂŒneburg
2673:Crown of Queen Therese of Bavaria
2140:
2025:Mediaeval and Renaissance History
1997:Early Christian and Byzantine Art
1886:Hofmann, Paul (January 7, 1978).
929:was originally a large Byzantine
656:There are four hanging pendants (
5287:Material culture of royal courts
3372:Norwegian Crown Prince's Coronet
2109:10.1111/j.1467-8365.2008.00634.x
1988:BĂĄrĂĄny-Oberscall M. von (1974),
1383:
1271:
1252:
1240:
1208:United States Bullion Depository
897:and provides a dome-shaped top.
874:
813:'s jurisdiction, was named the "
787:GeĆbitzas pistĂłs krĂĄlÄs TourkĂas
781:ÎÎΩÎÎ΀ÎÎÏč Î ÎΣ΀ÎÏč ÎÎĄÎÎÎÏč ΀Î΄ΥÎÎÎÏč
667:
395:
267:
51:
2966:Salian Funeral Crowns of Spires
2954:Lily Crown of Empress Cunigunde
2797:Crown of Augustus II the Strong
2125:The Holy Crown of Hungary, Rome
1906:
1879:
1853:
1800:
1780:
1755:
1714:
1622:, stretches west as far as the
1465:
1347:The orb is unusual in having a
543:", St. Stephen sent Archbishop
465:The Holy Crown of Hungary, 1857
406:needs additional citations for
278:needs additional citations for
3661:Crown of Isabella I of Castile
3576:Crown of Empress Anna Ivanovna
3566:Altabas crown of the third set
3339:Funerary crown of Maximilian I
3234:Gold Crown of Hwangnamdaechong
2938:Reliquary Crown of Charlemagne
2920:Imperial Crowns of Charles VII
2032:Die Ungarischen Krönungsingien
1645:Carter Vaughn Findley (2004).
1556:
1542:
1533:
1524:
1515:
1490:
1421:
1259:The Crown, Sword, Sceptre and
1:
3556:Diamond Crown of Tsar Peter I
3401:Crown of BolesĆaw I the Brave
2663:Crown of the Queen of Bavaria
2402:Coronation Crown of George IV
2378:State Crown of Mary of Modena
2123:Kelleher, Patrick J. (1951).
1478:
1296:Hungarian Parliament Building
1265:Hungarian Parliament Building
567:Hartvikâs legend appeared in
555:to acquire a crown from the "
254:The lower part is asymmetric.
234:Hungarian Parliament Building
156:with it, with the last being
152:, more than fifty kings were
4442:Principality of Transylvania
4295:Coat of arms of Transylvania
3571:Crown of Empress Catherine I
3561:Diamond Crown of Tsar Ivan V
3449:Funeral Crown of Augustus II
3384:Crown of the Queen of Norway
3146:Crown of Constance of Sicily
3140:Grand Ducal Crown of Tuscany
3008:Tiara of Pope Pius IX (1846)
2689:Electoral Hat of Brandenburg
2170:Ecumenical Lexicon of Saints
2127:. American Academy in Rome.
2088:Hilsdale, Cecily J. (2008).
2056:A koronĂĄzĂĄsi palĂĄst Ă©s jogar
2049:Die heilige Krone von Ungarn
1687:Henry Hoyle Howorth (2008).
1628:Eastern Carpathian Mountains
1483:
1157:Hungarian Revolution of 1848
1050:Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor
786:
750:of the Holy Crown of Hungary
732:of the Holy Crown of Hungary
144:), and it was a key mark of
138:Lands of the Hungarian Crown
7:
5262:State ritual and ceremonies
5252:National symbols of Hungary
4477:Interwar Kingdom of Hungary
4250:National symbols of Hungary
3222:Gold Crown of Geumgwanchong
2960:Reliquary Crown of Henry II
2302:Crown of the Ćroda Treasure
2011:Tausend Jahre Stephanskrone
1746:Magyar koronazasi jelvenyek
1444:
1376:
1188:U.S. 86th Infantry Division
1078:Hungarian People's Republic
1060:The regalia in modern times
978:handed over the regalia to
240:Specifications of the Crown
229:is for the Jewish people".
124:, named in honour of Saint
10:
5308:
5242:11th-century introductions
3708:Crown of the Heir Apparent
3273:Ducal hat of Liechtenstein
3228:Gold Crown of Cheonmachong
2972:Reliquary Crown of Otto II
2944:Crown of Empress Cunigunde
2819:Royal Crown of WĂŒrttemberg
2641:Grand Ducal Crown of Baden
2277:Archducal hat of Joseph II
2210:
1927:
1892:United Press International
1693:. Cosimo, Inc. p. 3.
1648:The Turks in World History
1206:the crown was held at the
1151:(now Mukachevo, Ukraine).
1115:with the Holy Crown on top
942:
815:Metropolitanate of Tourkia
780:
756:Emperor Michael VII Doukas
78:2,056 grams (72.5 oz)
18:
5183:
5020:
4939:Universities and colleges
4913:
4904:
4810:
4801:
4687:
4678:
4593:
4584:
4510:
4402:
4393:
4318:
4282:
4256:
4192:
3929:
3828:
3795:
3772:
3755:
3736:
3717:
3682:
3635:
3599:
3528:
3499:
3476:
3393:
3364:
3348:
3320:
3299:
3282:
3275:(missing; replica: Vaduz)
3263:
3195:
3155:
3106:
3072:
3049:
2981:
2890:
2881:Crown of Queen Kapiʻolani
2865:
2847:
2830:
2619:
2566:
2537:
2520:
2487:
2478:Diamond Crown of Bulgaria
2470:
2360:Crown of Margaret of York
2354:Crown of Princess Blanche
2344:
2311:
2286:
2249:Imperial Crown of Austria
2235:
2218:
2157:The crown jewels (images)
1731:The Holy Crown of Hungary
1300:Hungarian National Museum
1198:for safekeeping from the
386:
208:Hungarian National Museum
82:
74:
64:
59:
50:
45:
33:
28:
4918:Anti-Hungarian sentiment
4598:Administrative divisions
4300:Coat of arms of Slavonia
3702:Crown of Queen Christina
3624:Crown of Stephen Bocskai
3618:Crown of Stefan UroĆĄ III
3356:Crown of the Netherlands
3063:Crown of Stephen Bocskai
3032:Tiara of Pope John XXIII
2610:Crown of Empress Eugénie
2431:Crown of Queen Alexandra
2325:Imperial Crown of Brazil
2296:Crown of Saint Wenceslas
2243:Archducal hat of Austria
2076:7, 1976m pp. 37â64.
1762:McGrath, Robert (2014).
1614:De Administrando Imperio
1530:BĂ rĂ ny-Oberschall (1949)
1414:
1234:Other coronation regalia
1222:on 6 January 1978.
948:
4826:Hungarian National Bank
4457:Austro-Hungarian Empire
4305:Coat of arms of Croatia
3312:Crown of Ranavalona III
2791:Electoral Hat of Saxony
2449:Imperial Crown of India
2413:Crown of Queen Adelaide
2390:State Crown of George I
1113:coat of arms of Hungary
1054:Rudolph III of Burgundy
861:is not King GĂ©za I but
807:Eastern Orthodox Church
762:or of his son and heir
619:Archbishop of Esztergom
602:
40:Front of the Holy Crown
4982:International rankings
4857:Science and technology
4737:Chief of General Staff
4432:OttomanâHungarian wars
3541:Crown of Kazan Tzardom
3519:Steel Crown of Romania
3461:Crown of Maria Josepha
2875:Crown of King KalÄkaua
2769:Crown of Queen Augusta
2720:Royal Crown of Hanover
2657:Royal Crown of Bavaria
2265:Archducal hat of Tyrol
2047:Tóth E., Szelényi K.,
1918:Europasâ Mitteâumâ1000
1612:
1549:
1460:
1452:
1445:Kruna svetoga Stjepana
1436:
1116:
1104:
1076:After the fall of the
1073:
1007:
962:
959:Matthias II of Hungary
936:
925:
912:
893:
887:
881:
867:
857:
839:
774:(1074â1077), with the
751:
746:
733:
728:
680:
674:
638:
493:
486:Matthias II of Hungary
478:
466:
458:
350:
337:(patron saint) of the
166:John Sigismund ZĂĄpolya
122:Crown of Saint Stephen
117:
109:
97:
96:Back of the Holy Crown
4427:Late Medieval Kingdom
4422:High Medieval Kingdom
4202:Former or historical
4196:Extant monarchies in
3455:Crown of Augustus III
3170:Emperor KĆmei Variant
3057:Holy Crown of Hungary
3038:Tiara of Pope Paul VI
3022:(Notre Dame, Indiana)
3020:Tiara of Pope Pius IX
2777:(Hohenzollern Castle)
2604:Crown of Napoleon III
2545:Crown of Christian IV
2030:KovĂĄcs Ă.-Lovag Zs.,
1836:"The Hungarian Crown"
1497:Rady, Martin (2020).
1461:SvÀtoƥtefanskå koruna
1196:Hungarian Crown Guard
1110:
1094:
1082:national coat of arms
1067:
1002:
956:
739:
721:
636:
484:
472:
464:
452:
120:), also known as the
102:Holy Crown of Hungary
95:
29:Holy Crown of Hungary
5171:World Heritage Sites
5043:Palaces and mansions
4407:Hungarian prehistory
3805:Raven Crown (Bhutan)
3643:Royal Crown of Spain
3591:Small Imperial Crown
3581:Great Imperial Crown
3443:Crown of Augustus II
3130:Crown of Theodelinda
3120:Royal Crown of Savoy
2751:Crown of Frederick I
2580:Crown of Saint Louis
2574:Crown of Charlemagne
2551:Crown of Christian V
2419:Imperial State Crown
2226:Helmet of Skanderbeg
2165:Stephan I of Hungary
2020:Kl, 91, Vienna 1966.
1992:, Vienna-Munich 1974
1894:. The New York Times
1842:on February 20, 2012
995:The crown as a whole
512:(cross straps), the
415:improve this article
287:improve this article
212:Hungarian coronation
200:Stephen I of Hungary
126:Stephen I of Hungary
3490:Diadem of the Stars
3307:Crown of Madagascar
2775:Crown of Wilhelm II
2598:Crown of Napoleon I
2443:Crown of Queen Mary
2271:Ducal hat of Styria
2009:Benda K.-FĂŒgedi E.
1867:. December 29, 2014
1360:St. Vitus Cathedral
1320:remains in a glass
1263:of Hungary, in the
931:liturgical asterisk
863:St Stephen's father
766:, both having been
561:Mieszko I of Poland
492:with the Holy Crown
46:Heraldic depictions
5237:Kingdom of Hungary
5121:Hungarian language
4972:Hungarian diaspora
4872:Telecommunications
4497:Revolution of 1956
4452:Revolution of 1848
4341:Stephen of Hungary
3696:Crown of the Queen
3655:Crown of Sancho IV
3607:KaraÄorÄeviÄ Crown
3507:Crown of Elisabeta
3040:(Washington, D.C.)
2996:Papier-mùché Tiara
2914:Crown of Rudolf II
2857:Crown of Faustin I
2763:Crown of Wilhelm I
2698:Brunswick-LĂŒneburg
2627:German State Crown
2557:Crown of the Queen
2067:Folia Archaeologia
1409:Holy Crown Society
1371:Holy Roman Emperor
1292:coronation regalia
1284:King Saint Stephen
1202:. For much of the
1192:United States Army
1182:were recovered in
1174:At the end of the
1117:
1105:
1074:
1046:coronation sceptre
1008:
963:
768:born in the purple
764:Constantine Doukas
760:Konstantios Doukas
752:
734:
724:Michael VII Doukas
722:Byzantine Emperor
693:Christ Pantokrator
639:
494:
479:
467:
459:
339:Kingdom of Hungary
188:Michael VII Doukas
150:history of Hungary
134:Kingdom of Hungary
98:
5232:Individual crowns
5219:
5218:
5179:
5178:
4962:Human trafficking
4900:
4899:
4797:
4796:
4761:Political parties
4707:Foreign relations
4674:
4673:
4580:
4579:
4492:People's Republic
4472:Treaty of Trianon
4349:
4348:
4216:
4215:
4010:Holy Roman Empire
3884:
3883:
3690:Crown of Eric XIV
3536:"Cap of Monomakh"
2592:Crown of Louis XV
2586:Crown of Henry IV
2528:Crown of Zvonimir
2372:St Edward's Crown
2366:Crown of Scotland
1700:978-1-60520-134-4
1508:978-0-241-33262-7
1349:patriarchal cross
1039:coronation mantle
800:land of the Turks
713:Cosmas and Damian
573:Pope Sylvester II
504:(rim, hoop), the
447:
446:
439:
319:
318:
311:
259:Holiness doctrine
192:GĂ©za I of Hungary
185:Byzantine Emperor
90:
89:
5299:
5199:
5192:
5090:
5083:
5076:
5069:
5045:
5038:
4941:
4911:
4910:
4848:
4828:
4808:
4807:
4787:
4773:
4685:
4684:
4650:
4643:
4636:
4608:Cities and towns
4591:
4590:
4437:Habsburg Kingdom
4400:
4399:
4376:
4369:
4362:
4353:
4352:
4336:Lady of Hungaria
4243:
4236:
4229:
4220:
4219:
4204:sovereign states
3911:
3904:
3897:
3888:
3887:
3851:Heir presumptive
3810:Shripech (Nepal)
3484:Crown of JoĂŁo VI
2319:Crown of Pedro I
2245:(Klosterneuburg)
2205:
2198:
2191:
2182:
2181:
2152:Sceptre (images)
2136:
2119:
2118:on 7 April 2016.
2117:
2111:. Archived from
2094:
2051:, Budapest 2000.
2034:, Budapest 1980.
2013:, Budapest 1988.
1995:Beckwith, John,
1979:The Art Bulletin
1973:
1952:
1921:
1910:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1883:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1847:
1838:. Archived from
1832:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1819:
1810:. Archived from
1804:
1798:
1797:
1795:
1794:
1784:
1778:
1777:
1759:
1753:
1743:
1734:
1729:Anthony Endrey,
1727:
1721:
1718:
1712:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1684:
1678:
1677:, p. 45-53.
1672:
1663:
1662:
1642:
1631:
1617:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1582:
1573:
1569:
1563:
1560:
1554:
1552:
1546:
1540:
1537:
1531:
1528:
1522:
1519:
1513:
1512:
1494:
1472:
1469:
1463:
1431:
1425:
1393:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1275:
1256:
1244:
1176:Second World War
957:An engraving of
939:
928:
915:
903:treasure binding
896:
890:
884:
870:
860:
842:
789:
783:
782:
749:
731:
689:King Matthias II
683:
677:
609:coronation crown
569:liturgical books
541:Hartvikâs legend
455:Fugger Chronicle
442:
435:
431:
428:
422:
399:
391:
314:
307:
303:
300:
294:
271:
263:
204:Monomachus Crown
142:Carpathian Basin
130:coronation crown
55:
38:
26:
25:
5307:
5306:
5302:
5301:
5300:
5298:
5297:
5296:
5277:Medieval crowns
5222:
5221:
5220:
5215:
5202:
5195:
5188:
5175:
5086:
5079:
5072:
5065:
5041:
5034:
5016:
5002:Public holidays
4937:
4896:
4846:
4824:
4793:
4785:
4771:
4727:Law enforcement
4670:
4646:
4639:
4632:
4576:
4506:
4487:Second Republic
4389:
4380:
4350:
4345:
4314:
4310:Sword of Attila
4278:
4252:
4247:
4217:
4212:
4188:
3925:
3915:
3885:
3880:
3824:
3791:
3782:Crowns of Egypt
3768:
3751:
3732:
3727:Crown of Tahiti
3713:
3678:
3631:
3613:NemanjiÄ Crowns
3595:
3524:
3495:
3472:
3419:Hungarian Crown
3389:
3378:Crown of Norway
3360:
3344:
3316:
3295:
3278:
3259:
3217:Crowns of Silla
3205:Crown of Baekje
3191:
3151:
3102:
3085:Empress's Crown
3080:Sasanian crowns
3068:
3045:
2977:
2974:(Halle (Saale))
2893:
2886:
2861:
2843:
2838:Crown of Greece
2826:
2615:
2562:
2533:
2516:
2483:
2466:
2340:
2307:
2282:
2231:
2214:
2209:
2143:
2115:
2092:
2084:
2082:Further reading
2079:
2074:Ungarn Jahrbuch
2062:), Szeged 2000.
1970:
1949:
1930:
1925:
1924:
1911:
1907:
1897:
1895:
1884:
1880:
1870:
1868:
1859:
1858:
1854:
1845:
1843:
1834:
1833:
1826:
1817:
1815:
1806:
1805:
1801:
1792:
1790:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1774:
1760:
1756:
1744:
1737:
1728:
1724:
1719:
1715:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1685:
1681:
1673:
1666:
1659:
1643:
1634:
1603:
1601:
1599:
1583:
1576:
1570:
1566:
1561:
1557:
1547:
1543:
1538:
1534:
1529:
1525:
1520:
1516:
1509:
1495:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1475:
1470:
1466:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1417:
1399:Hungarian Crown
1389:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1322:inert gas vault
1313:The very large
1286:
1276:
1267:
1261:Globus Cruciger
1257:
1248:
1245:
1236:
1101:Matthias Church
1062:
1028:
997:
951:
885:(cross straps)
877:
740:Hungarian King
670:
631:
607:The Crown is a
605:
443:
432:
426:
423:
412:
400:
389:
351:Szentkorona-tan
315:
304:
298:
295:
284:
272:
261:
242:
41:
24:
21:Hungarian Crown
17:
12:
11:
5:
5305:
5295:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5217:
5216:
5214:
5213:
5208:
5201:
5200:
5193:
5185:
5184:
5181:
5180:
5177:
5176:
5174:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5092:
5091:
5084:
5077:
5070:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5047:
5046:
5039:
5026:
5024:
5018:
5017:
5015:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4943:
4942:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4914:
4908:
4902:
4901:
4898:
4897:
4895:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4862:Stock exchange
4859:
4854:
4849:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4830:
4829:
4817:
4811:
4805:
4799:
4798:
4795:
4794:
4792:
4791:
4790:
4789:
4780:Prime Minister
4777:
4776:
4775:
4763:
4758:
4757:
4756:
4746:
4741:
4740:
4739:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4688:
4682:
4676:
4675:
4672:
4671:
4669:
4668:
4663:
4661:National parks
4658:
4653:
4652:
4651:
4644:
4637:
4625:
4620:
4618:Extreme points
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4594:
4588:
4582:
4581:
4578:
4577:
4575:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4558:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4511:
4508:
4507:
4505:
4504:
4502:Third Republic
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4467:First Republic
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4403:
4397:
4391:
4390:
4379:
4378:
4371:
4364:
4356:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4322:
4320:
4316:
4315:
4313:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4286:
4284:
4280:
4279:
4277:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4260:
4258:
4257:Constitutional
4254:
4253:
4246:
4245:
4238:
4231:
4223:
4214:
4213:
4211:
4210:
4200:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4187:
4186:
4185:
4184:
4177:
4167:United Kingdom
4163:
4156:
4149:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4110:
4103:
4102:
4101:
4089:
4084:
4077:
4070:
4069:
4068:
4061:
4054:
4047:
4040:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4006:
4001:
4000:
3999:
3992:
3985:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3930:
3927:
3926:
3914:
3913:
3906:
3899:
3891:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3832:
3830:
3826:
3825:
3823:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3801:
3799:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3784:
3778:
3776:
3770:
3769:
3767:
3766:
3759:
3757:
3753:
3752:
3750:
3749:
3746:Crown of Tonga
3742:
3740:
3734:
3733:
3731:
3730:
3723:
3721:
3715:
3714:
3712:
3711:
3705:
3699:
3693:
3686:
3684:
3680:
3679:
3677:
3676:
3670:
3664:
3658:
3652:
3646:
3639:
3637:
3633:
3632:
3630:
3629:
3628:
3627:
3621:
3610:
3603:
3601:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3532:
3530:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3522:
3516:
3513:Crown of Maria
3510:
3503:
3501:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3493:
3487:
3480:
3478:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3470:
3464:
3458:
3452:
3446:
3440:
3434:
3428:
3425:Homagial Crown
3422:
3416:
3410:
3404:
3397:
3395:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3387:
3381:
3375:
3368:
3366:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3358:
3352:
3350:
3346:
3345:
3343:
3342:
3336:
3330:
3324:
3322:
3318:
3317:
3315:
3314:
3309:
3303:
3301:
3297:
3296:
3294:
3293:
3290:Gediminas' Cap
3286:
3284:
3280:
3279:
3277:
3276:
3269:
3267:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3257:
3256:
3255:
3249:
3243:
3237:
3231:
3225:
3214:
3208:
3201:
3199:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3173:
3172:
3161:
3159:
3153:
3152:
3150:
3149:
3143:
3137:
3127:
3117:
3110:
3108:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3100:
3094:
3088:
3082:
3076:
3074:
3070:
3069:
3067:
3066:
3060:
3053:
3051:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3043:
3042:
3041:
3035:
3029:
3028:(Vatican City)
3026:Palatine Tiara
3023:
3017:
3016:(Vatican City)
3011:
3010:(Vatican City)
3005:
3004:(Vatican City)
3002:Napoleon Tiara
2999:
2998:(Vatican City)
2987:
2985:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2975:
2969:
2963:
2957:
2951:
2941:
2935:
2929:
2923:
2917:
2911:
2905:
2898:
2896:
2888:
2887:
2885:
2884:
2878:
2871:
2869:
2863:
2862:
2860:
2859:
2853:
2851:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2841:
2834:
2832:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2824:
2823:
2822:
2808:
2807:
2806:
2800:
2794:
2780:
2779:
2778:
2772:
2766:
2760:
2754:
2740:
2739:
2738:
2724:
2723:
2722:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2694:
2693:
2692:
2678:
2677:
2676:
2670:
2660:
2646:
2645:
2644:
2630:
2623:
2621:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2607:
2601:
2595:
2589:
2583:
2577:
2570:
2568:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2554:
2548:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2531:
2524:
2522:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2503:
2502:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2481:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2458:
2452:
2446:
2440:
2434:
2428:
2422:
2416:
2410:
2408:Diamond Diadem
2405:
2399:
2393:
2387:
2381:
2375:
2369:
2363:
2357:
2350:
2348:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2322:
2315:
2313:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2305:
2304:(Ćroda ĆlÄ
ska)
2299:
2292:
2290:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2280:
2274:
2268:
2262:
2252:
2246:
2239:
2237:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2229:
2222:
2220:
2216:
2215:
2208:
2207:
2200:
2193:
2185:
2179:
2178:
2173:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2142:
2141:External links
2139:
2138:
2137:
2120:
2103:(5): 602â631.
2083:
2080:
2078:
2077:
2070:
2063:
2052:
2045:
2035:
2028:
2021:
2014:
2007:
1993:
1986:
1974:
1968:
1953:
1947:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1922:
1905:
1878:
1852:
1824:
1799:
1779:
1772:
1766:. p. 59.
1754:
1735:
1722:
1713:
1699:
1679:
1664:
1657:
1632:
1620:Pecheneg realm
1597:
1574:
1564:
1555:
1541:
1532:
1523:
1514:
1507:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1464:
1441:Serbo-Croatian
1419:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1391:Hungary portal
1378:
1375:
1288:
1287:
1277:
1270:
1268:
1258:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1239:
1235:
1232:
1145:Palanok Castle
1125:Székesfehérvår
1088:arms of 1849.
1061:
1058:
1027:
1024:
1004:Franz Joseph I
996:
993:
950:
947:
876:
873:
811:Constantinople
669:
666:
630:
627:
604:
601:
537:Könyves Kålmån
445:
444:
403:
401:
394:
388:
385:
341:, but also as
317:
316:
275:
273:
266:
260:
257:
256:
255:
252:
249:
246:
241:
238:
218:(1310â1342).
196:Greek language
181:Constantinople
148:. Through the
88:
87:
84:
80:
79:
76:
72:
71:
66:
62:
61:
57:
56:
48:
47:
43:
42:
39:
31:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5304:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5282:Byzantine art
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5229:
5227:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5203:
5198:
5194:
5191:
5187:
5186:
5182:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5089:
5085:
5082:
5078:
5075:
5071:
5068:
5064:
5063:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5044:
5040:
5037:
5033:
5032:
5031:
5028:
5027:
5025:
5023:
5019:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4947:Family policy
4945:
4940:
4936:
4935:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4915:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4903:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4827:
4823:
4822:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4812:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4800:
4788:
4783:
4782:
4781:
4778:
4774:
4769:
4768:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4755:
4752:
4751:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4738:
4735:
4734:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4689:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4677:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4649:
4645:
4642:
4638:
4635:
4631:
4630:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4595:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4583:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4542:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4535:ĂrpĂĄd dynasty
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4512:
4509:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4447:RĂĄkĂłczi's War
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4404:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4392:
4388:
4384:
4377:
4372:
4370:
4365:
4363:
4358:
4357:
4354:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4321:
4319:Other symbols
4317:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4287:
4285:
4281:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4255:
4251:
4244:
4239:
4237:
4232:
4230:
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4224:
4221:
4209:
4205:
4201:
4199:
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4191:
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4182:
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4045:
4041:
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4038:
4034:
4033:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4011:
4007:
4005:
4002:
3998:
3997:
3993:
3991:
3990:
3986:
3984:
3983:
3979:
3978:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3961:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3931:
3928:
3923:
3919:
3912:
3907:
3905:
3900:
3898:
3893:
3892:
3889:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3846:Heir apparent
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3833:
3831:
3827:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3802:
3800:
3798:
3794:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3775:
3771:
3764:
3761:
3760:
3758:
3754:
3747:
3744:
3743:
3741:
3739:
3735:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3722:
3720:
3716:
3709:
3706:
3703:
3700:
3697:
3694:
3691:
3688:
3687:
3685:
3681:
3674:
3671:
3668:
3665:
3662:
3659:
3656:
3653:
3650:
3647:
3644:
3641:
3640:
3638:
3634:
3625:
3622:
3619:
3616:
3615:
3614:
3611:
3608:
3605:
3604:
3602:
3598:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3586:Maltese Crown
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3527:
3520:
3517:
3514:
3511:
3508:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3498:
3491:
3488:
3485:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3475:
3468:
3465:
3462:
3459:
3456:
3453:
3450:
3447:
3444:
3441:
3438:
3437:Queen's Crown
3435:
3432:
3431:Funeral Crown
3429:
3426:
3423:
3420:
3417:
3414:
3413:Muscovy Crown
3411:
3408:
3407:Swedish Crown
3405:
3402:
3399:
3398:
3396:
3392:
3385:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3373:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3363:
3357:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3347:
3340:
3337:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3325:
3323:
3319:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3298:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3281:
3274:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3266:
3265:Liechtenstein
3262:
3253:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3229:
3226:
3223:
3220:
3219:
3218:
3215:
3212:
3211:Crown of Gaya
3209:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3198:
3194:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3171:
3168:
3167:
3166:
3163:
3162:
3160:
3158:
3154:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3131:
3128:
3125:
3121:
3118:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3109:
3105:
3098:
3097:Pahlavi Crown
3095:
3092:
3089:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3071:
3064:
3061:
3058:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3048:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3021:
3018:
3015:
3014:Spanish Tiara
3012:
3009:
3006:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2992:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2984:
2980:
2973:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2945:
2942:
2939:
2936:
2933:
2930:
2927:
2924:
2921:
2918:
2915:
2912:
2909:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2895:
2889:
2882:
2879:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2870:
2868:
2864:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2829:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2813:
2809:
2804:
2801:
2798:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2767:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2745:
2741:
2736:
2735:Wendish Crown
2733:
2732:
2730:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2683:
2679:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2651:
2647:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2631:
2628:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2618:
2611:
2608:
2605:
2602:
2599:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2565:
2558:
2555:
2552:
2549:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2536:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2519:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2486:
2479:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2469:
2462:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2400:
2397:
2394:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2346:British Isles
2343:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2326:
2323:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2310:
2303:
2300:
2297:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2285:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2206:
2201:
2199:
2194:
2192:
2187:
2186:
2183:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2171:
2166:
2162:
2161:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2144:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2121:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2091:
2086:
2085:
2075:
2071:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2050:
2046:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2022:
2019:
2015:
2012:
2008:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1985:
1981:
1980:
1975:
1971:
1969:9783447041461
1965:
1961:
1960:
1954:
1950:
1948:9788386951338
1944:
1940:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1919:
1915:
1909:
1893:
1889:
1882:
1866:
1862:
1856:
1841:
1837:
1831:
1829:
1814:on 2017-06-01
1813:
1809:
1803:
1789:
1783:
1775:
1773:9781312515192
1769:
1765:
1758:
1751:
1747:
1742:
1740:
1732:
1726:
1717:
1702:
1696:
1692:
1691:
1683:
1676:
1671:
1669:
1660:
1658:9780195177268
1654:
1650:
1649:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1629:
1626:(or even the
1625:
1621:
1616:
1615:
1600:
1598:0-88402-021-5
1594:
1590:
1589:
1581:
1579:
1568:
1559:
1551:
1545:
1536:
1527:
1521:Beckwith, 214
1518:
1510:
1504:
1500:
1499:The Habsburgs
1493:
1489:
1468:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1437:Stephanskrone
1434:
1430:
1424:
1420:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1381:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1363:
1361:
1357:
1352:
1350:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1334:
1332:
1328:
1323:
1319:
1316:
1311:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1285:
1281:
1274:
1269:
1266:
1262:
1255:
1250:
1243:
1238:
1237:
1231:
1229:
1223:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1153:Lajos Kossuth
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1121:ĂrpĂĄd dynasty
1114:
1109:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1071:
1066:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1042:
1040:
1035:
1033:
1032:corona latina
1023:
1021:
1020:corona graeca
1017:
1016:corona graeca
1013:
1005:
1001:
992:
988:
984:
981:
977:
972:
967:
960:
955:
946:
944:
938:
937:corona graeca
932:
927:
926:corona latina
921:
917:
914:
913:corona latina
907:
904:
898:
895:
894:corona graeca
889:
888:corona latina
883:
882:keresztpĂĄntos
875:Corona Latina
872:
869:
868:corona gracea
864:
859:
858:corona graeca
853:
851:
847:
841:
840:corona graeca
835:
831:
829:
825:
820:
816:
812:
808:
803:
801:
797:
793:
788:
778:inscription:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
748:
747:corona graeca
743:
738:
730:
729:corona graeca
725:
720:
716:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
685:
682:
681:corona graeca
676:
668:Corona graeca
665:
663:
659:
654:
652:
651:corona latina
648:
647:corona graeca
644:
635:
626:
624:
620:
616:
615:
610:
600:
596:
592:
589:
587:
582:
576:
574:
570:
565:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
529:
527:
523:
519:
515:
514:corona latina
511:
510:keresztpĂĄntok
507:
506:corona graeca
503:
499:
491:
487:
483:
476:
471:
463:
456:
451:
441:
438:
430:
420:
416:
410:
409:
404:This section
402:
398:
393:
392:
384:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
313:
310:
302:
292:
288:
282:
281:
276:This section
274:
270:
265:
264:
253:
250:
247:
244:
243:
237:
235:
230:
228:
224:
219:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
186:
182:
178:
173:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
94:
85:
81:
77:
73:
70:
67:
63:
58:
54:
49:
44:
37:
32:
27:
22:
5030:Architecture
4997:Prostitution
4928:Demographics
4892:Unemployment
4882:Trade unions
4717:Intelligence
4712:Human rights
4697:Constitution
4572:Coat of arms
4549:
4530:List of wars
4515:Christianity
4482:World War II
4417:Principality
4290:Crown jewels
4289:
4269:Coat of arms
4207:
4197:
4179:
4172:
4165:
4158:
4151:
4144:
4112:
4105:
4091:
4079:
4072:
4063:
4056:
4049:
4042:
4035:
4015:
4008:
3994:
3987:
3980:
3958:
3922:crown jewels
3876:Royal family
3841:Crown jewels
3796:
3773:
3763:Crown of Rus
3748:(Nukuʻalofa)
3467:PĆock Diadem
3252:Silver Crown
3056:
2991:Papal tiaras
2810:
2782:
2742:
2726:
2711:
2696:
2680:
2648:
2632:
2559:(Copenhagen)
2553:(Copenhagen)
2547:(Copenhagen)
2507:Tongtianguan
2327:(PetrĂłpolis)
2321:(PetrĂłpolis)
2267:(Mariastein)
2168:
2124:
2113:the original
2100:
2096:
2073:
2066:
2059:
2055:
2048:
2038:
2031:
2024:
2017:
2010:
1996:
1989:
1977:
1958:
1937:
1917:
1914:Mammen style
1908:
1896:. Retrieved
1891:
1881:
1869:. Retrieved
1864:
1855:
1844:. Retrieved
1840:the original
1816:. Retrieved
1812:the original
1802:
1791:. Retrieved
1782:
1763:
1757:
1749:
1745:
1725:
1716:
1704:. Retrieved
1689:
1682:
1647:
1602:. Retrieved
1587:
1567:
1558:
1544:
1535:
1526:
1517:
1498:
1492:
1467:
1453:Sacra Corona
1423:
1404:Crown jewels
1373:circa 1100.
1364:
1362:since 1368.
1353:
1346:
1338:rock crystal
1335:
1312:
1289:
1224:
1220:Jimmy Carter
1200:Soviet Union
1180:crown jewels
1173:
1161:Transylvania
1118:
1075:
1068:A plaque at
1045:
1043:
1038:
1036:
1031:
1029:
1019:
1015:
1009:
989:
985:
968:
964:
943:§ Cross
922:
918:
908:
899:
878:
854:
836:
832:
819:Metropolitan
804:
753:
686:
678:(rim, hoop)
671:
655:
650:
646:
640:
612:
606:
597:
593:
590:
577:
566:
530:
513:
509:
508:; the upper
505:
501:
495:
433:
427:January 2013
424:
413:Please help
408:verification
405:
376:
372:
364:
360:
355:
342:
334:
327:St Stephen I
323:divine right
320:
305:
299:January 2013
296:
285:Please help
280:verification
277:
231:
220:
190:to the King
174:
132:used by the
121:
118:Sacra Corona
110:Szent Korona
101:
99:
5146:Spa culture
4977:Irredentism
4815:Agriculture
4744:Nationality
4462:World War I
4093:Netherlands
3996:WĂŒrttemberg
3710:(Stockholm)
3704:(Stockholm)
3698:(Stockholm)
3692:(Stockholm)
3521:(Bucharest)
3515:(Bucharest)
3509:(Bucharest)
3439:(destroyed)
3427:(destroyed)
3421:(destroyed)
3415:(destroyed)
3409:(destroyed)
3386:(Trondheim)
3380:(Trondheim)
3374:(Trondheim)
3349:Netherlands
3335:(destroyed)
3091:Kiani Crown
2926:Essen Crown
2821:(Stuttgart)
2812:WĂŒrttemberg
2728:Mecklenburg
2682:Brandenburg
2643:(Karlsruhe)
2606:(destroyed)
2588:(destroyed)
2582:(destroyed)
2576:(destroyed)
2386:(destroyed)
2384:Tudor Crown
2368:(Edinburgh)
2261:) (missing)
2097:Art History
1624:Siret River
1539:LĂĄszlĂł, 425
1228:Cyrus Vance
1133:Pest county
1012:kamelaukion
794:, faithful
790:, meaning "
357:PĂ©ter RĂ©vay
331:Virgin Mary
223:PĂ©ter RĂ©vay
162:Wladyslaw I
5226:Categories
5161:Television
5126:Literature
5116:Inventions
4967:Hungarians
4957:Healthcare
4847:(currency)
4749:Parliament
4550:Holy Crown
4283:Historical
4087:Montenegro
3924:by country
3836:Coronation
3729:(Punaauia)
3645:(heraldic)
3609:(Belgrade)
3300:Madagascar
3254:(Gyeongju)
3248:(Gyeongju)
3230:(Gyeongju)
3224:(Gyeongju)
3114:Iron Crown
3059:(Budapest)
2950:) (Munich)
2908:Iron Crown
2892:Holy Roman
2883:(Honolulu)
2877:(Honolulu)
2737:(heraldic)
2669:) (Munich)
2629:(heraldic)
2500:Yishanguan
2005:0140560335
1846:2009-08-27
1818:2016-12-12
1793:2008-12-17
1479:References
1315:coronation
971:True Cross
614:nĂĄdorispĂĄn
371:1613) and
146:legitimacy
128:, was the
5106:Festivals
4987:Languages
4933:Education
4887:Transport
4834:Companies
4766:President
4702:Elections
4656:Mountains
4628:Hydrology
4586:Geography
4206:shown in
4099:Jewellery
3765:(missing)
3669:(Seville)
3663:(Granada)
3620:(Cetinje)
3451:(Dresden)
3445:(Dresden)
3433:(missing)
3292:(missing)
3283:Lithuania
3148:(Palermo)
3142:(missing)
3136:) (Monza)
3126:) (Turin)
3034:(Bergamo)
2805:(Dresden)
2799:(Dresden)
2793:(Dresden)
2771:(missing)
2765:(missing)
2530:(missing)
2480:(missing)
2167:" in the
2133:603872168
2069:47, 2000.
2054:TĂłth E.,
1898:7 January
1871:7 January
1675:BaĂĄn 1999
1604:28 August
1484:Citations
1429:âčSee Tfdâș
1298:from the
1212:Fort Knox
1097:Charles I
980:Ferdinand
709:Demetrius
643:almandine
549:Esztergom
518:Byzantine
477:from 1613
475:Engraving
381:Frankfurt
347:Hungarian
216:Charles I
177:Byzantine
170:Joseph II
158:Charles I
106:Hungarian
5206:Category
5111:Folklore
5088:Sausages
5007:Religion
4867:Taxation
4852:Industry
4732:Military
4680:Politics
4603:Counties
4562:Nobility
4545:Monarchs
4525:Military
4520:Economic
4412:Pannonia
4387:articles
4174:Scotland
4160:Thailand
4125:Portugal
4081:Malaysia
4037:Lombardy
3949:Bulgaria
3861:Monarchy
3829:See also
3675:(Toledo)
3657:(Toledo)
3651:(Madrid)
3626:(Vienna)
3492:(Lisbon)
3486:(Lisbon)
3477:Portugal
3463:(Warsaw)
3457:(Warsaw)
3341:(Vienna)
3213:(Yongin)
3207:(Gongju)
3099:(Tehran)
3093:(Tehran)
3087:(Tehran)
3065:(Vienna)
2983:Holy See
2968:(Speyer)
2962:(Munich)
2956:(Munich)
2940:(Aachen)
2934:(Aachen)
2922:(Munich)
2916:(Vienna)
2904:(Vienna)
2840:(Athens)
2759:(Berlin)
2753:(Berlin)
2691:(Berlin)
2675:(Munich)
2659:(Munich)
2512:Mianguan
2471:Bulgaria
2463:(London)
2457:(London)
2451:(London)
2445:(London)
2439:(London)
2433:(London)
2427:(London)
2421:(London)
2415:(London)
2404:(London)
2398:(London)
2392:(London)
2380:(London)
2374:(London)
2362:(Aachen)
2356:(Munich)
2298:(Prague)
2279:(Vienna)
2251:(Vienna)
2228:(Vienna)
2027:3, 1981.
1377:See also
1331:chasuble
1216:Kentucky
1204:Cold War
1163:(today
1129:VisegrĂĄd
976:Isabella
846:Synadene
809:, under
658:pendilia
586:Otto III
526:crowning
522:BĂ©la III
369:Augsburg
227:Lost Ark
5257:Regalia
5190:Outline
5166:Theatre
5156:Symbols
5101:Fashion
5061:Cuisine
5036:Castles
5022:Culture
4906:Society
4877:Tourism
4844:Forint
4803:Economy
4754:Speaker
4692:Cabinet
4666:Regions
4634:Islands
4623:Geology
4613:Climate
4395:History
4383:Hungary
4208:italics
4130:Romania
4107:Nigeria
4058:Tuscany
4026:Ireland
4016:Hungary
3989:Prussia
3982:Bavaria
3976:Germany
3971:Georgia
3960:Denmark
3954:Czechia
3939:Austria
3934:Albania
3918:Regalia
3871:Regalia
3756:Ukraine
3500:Romania
3469:(PĆock)
3242:(Seoul)
3236:(Seoul)
3177:Kanmuri
3116:(Monza)
3050:Hungary
2928:(Essen)
2910:(Monza)
2744:Prussia
2713:Hanover
2650:Bavaria
2620:Germany
2612:(Paris)
2600:(Paris)
2594:(Paris)
2538:Denmark
2521:Croatia
2288:Bohemia
2236:Austria
2219:Albania
1928:Sources
1706:15 June
1553:, 1613.
1471:missing
1342:Fatimid
1327:sisters
1304:sceptre
1194:by the
1184:Mattsee
1169:Romania
1149:MunkĂĄcs
1137:Pozsony
1086:Kossuth
1070:MunkĂĄcs
850:Hungary
798:of the
744:on the
726:on the
701:Gabriel
697:Michael
675:abroncs
623:primate
581:Vatican
533:Hartvik
502:abroncs
335:patrona
206:in the
154:crowned
69:Hungary
65:Country
60:Details
5211:Portal
5081:Dishes
5056:Cinema
4952:Health
4839:Energy
4648:Rivers
4555:Regent
4385:
4326:SzĂłzat
4274:Anthem
4153:Sweden
4140:Serbia
4135:Russia
4120:Poland
4114:Norway
4065:Venice
4051:Sicily
4044:Naples
4004:Greece
3966:France
3944:Brazil
3774:Africa
3719:Tahiti
3683:Sweden
3600:Serbia
3529:Russia
3394:Poland
3365:Norway
3321:Mexico
3182:Raikan
3165:Benkan
2894:Empire
2867:Hawaii
2831:Greece
2784:Saxony
2567:France
2312:Brazil
2273:(Graz)
2212:Crowns
2131:
2003:
1966:
1945:
1770:
1697:
1655:
1595:
1505:
1457:Slovak
1433:German
1356:Prague
1318:mantle
1302:. The
1165:OrĆova
1052:, and
906:1000.
792:GĂ©za I
772:GĂ©za I
742:GĂ©za I
711:, and
705:George
545:Astrik
387:Origin
343:regina
168:, and
83:Arches
75:Weight
5197:Index
5151:Sport
5141:Names
5136:Music
5131:Media
5096:Dance
5012:Women
4923:Crime
4820:Banks
4641:Lakes
4331:Turul
4181:Wales
4146:Spain
4074:Japan
4031:Italy
3866:Queen
3738:Tonga
3636:Spain
3197:Korea
3157:Japan
3107:Italy
2849:Haiti
2634:Baden
2495:Futou
2488:China
2116:(PDF)
2093:(PDF)
2043:JSTOR
1984:JSTOR
1449:Latin
1415:Notes
1367:lance
1095:King
949:Cross
828:halos
824:Kralj
802:").
796:kralj
776:Greek
662:monde
490:medal
488:on a
140:(the
114:Latin
5074:Beer
5067:Wine
4992:LGBT
4786:list
4772:list
4567:Flag
4540:King
4264:Flag
4198:bold
4021:Iran
3920:and
3856:King
3797:Asia
3073:Iran
2129:OCLC
2001:ISBN
1964:ISBN
1943:ISBN
1900:2020
1873:2020
1768:ISBN
1708:2013
1695:ISBN
1653:ISBN
1606:2013
1593:ISBN
1503:ISBN
1178:the
1141:Buda
1131:(in
1111:The
1044:The
879:The
837:The
707:and
699:and
672:The
603:Type
557:Pope
553:Rome
100:The
5051:Art
4722:Law
2105:doi
1358:'s
1308:orb
1280:HUF
1147:at
1135:);
945:).
551:to
547:of
473:An
417:by
353:).
289:by
5228::
3134:it
3124:it
2948:de
2815::
2787::
2747::
2731::
2716::
2701::
2685::
2667:de
2653::
2637::
2259:de
2101:31
2099:.
2095:.
1890:.
1863:.
1827:^
1738:^
1667:^
1635:^
1577:^
1459::
1455:;
1451::
1447:;
1443::
1439:;
1435::
1365:A
1333:.
1306:,
1214:,
1167:,
852:.
715:.
664:.
379:,
367:,
349::
236:.
172:.
164:,
116::
112:,
108::
4375:e
4368:t
4361:v
4242:e
4235:t
4228:v
3910:e
3903:t
3896:v
3132:(
3122:(
2946:(
2665:(
2257:(
2204:e
2197:t
2190:v
2163:"
2135:.
2107::
2058:(
1972:.
1951:.
1902:.
1875:.
1849:.
1821:.
1796:.
1776:.
1710:.
1661:.
1608:.
1511:.
1210:(
822:(
784:(
621:(
440:)
434:(
429:)
425:(
411:.
375:(
363:(
312:)
306:(
301:)
297:(
283:.
104:(
86:4
23:.
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