51:
697:
1161:
43:
20:
71:
387:
555:
1908:
74:
73:
78:
77:
72:
79:
76:
1710:
158:, pierce phloem ducts to access the sugar rich sap; the excess fluid released by cicadas as honeydew is called "cicada rain". The sap continues to bleed after the insects have moved on, leaving a white sugar crust called manna.
195:
plant-hoppers on tree-trunks from below and induce them to excrete honeydew by head nodding behaviour. The plant-hopper then raises its abdomen and excretes a drop of honeydew almost right onto the snout of the gecko.
75:
1714:
1174:
Sidnei M, Noll FB, Zucchi R (2004). "Caste
Flexibility and Variation According to the Colony Cycle in the Swarm-founding Wasp, Parachartergus Fraternus (Gribodo) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Epiponini)".
127:
of the insects, allowing them to rapidly process the large volume of sap required to extract essential nutrients present at low concentrations. Honeydew is particularly common as a secretion in
249:
wasp species, collects honeydew to feed to their growing larvae. Recent research has also documented the use of honeydew by over 40 species of wild, native, mostly solitary bees in
California.
1747:
620:
cells, into which the bees regurgitate honey for storage. Other honey-producing species of bee store the substance in different structures, such as the pots made of wax and
378:, that is sometimes associated with honeydew. Exodus 16:31 provides a description: "it was like coriander seed, white, and the taste of it was like wafers made with honey."
207:. It also contaminates vehicles parked beneath trees, and can then be difficult to remove from glass and bodywork. Honeydew is also secreted by certain fungi, particularly
1119:
520:
1209:
Meiners JM, Griswold TL, Harris DJ, Ernest SK (August 2017). "Bees without
Flowers: Before Peak Bloom, Diverse Native Bees Find Insect-Produced Honeydew Sugars".
162:
may collect, or "milk", honeydew directly from aphids and other honeydew producers, which benefit from their presence due to their driving away predators such as
1009:
428:. Very dense insect populations may have some adverse effects. Different methods of controlling the insects, including natural and chemical, have been studied.
635:
of domesticated bees. The honey produced by honey bees is the most familiar to humans, thanks to its worldwide commercial production and availability. The
1573:
1805:
898:
1737:
1882:
1624:
1531:
484:. This injury can cause the tree to release a sweet honeydew, thought to attract wasps that can parasitize the weevil within its acorns.
605:
activity, and during storage in the hive, through water evaporation that concentrates the honey's sugars until it is thick and viscous.
848:"Sugar, amino acid and inorganic ion profiling of the honeydew from different hemipteran species feeding on Abies alba and Picea abies"
1120:"Honeydew Collecting in Malagasy Stingless Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) and Observations on Competition with Invasive Ants"
151:
with its precise makeup affected by factors such as insect species, host plant species, and whether a symbiotic organism is present.
1697:
597:) or the secretions of other insects, like the honeydew of aphids. This refinement takes place both within individual bees, through
1868:
1782:
1658:
1610:
1567:
1517:
1292:
1680:
1150:
819:
Maschwitz U, Dumpert K, Tuck KR (1986). "Ants feeding on anal exudate from tortricid larvae: a new type of trophobiosis".
50:
488:
sometimes collect this substance, in addition to honeydew from aphids feeding in oak forests, and use it to produce oak
1835:
1427:
1344:
1265:
1006:
949:
917:
528:. They secrete a sugary nectar that turns white when it hardens, resembling certain whitish flakes described in the
143:
butterflies and some moths also produce honeydew. In addition to various sugars, honeydew contains small amounts of
1367:
972:
Fölling M, Knogge C, Böhme W (February 2001). "Geckos are milking honeydew-producing planthoppers in
Madagascar".
1079:"Mosquito phytophagy – sources exploited, ecological function, and evolutionary transition to haematophagy"
589:. Honey is made and stored to nourish bee colonies. Bees produce honey by gathering and then refining the
1557:
1799:
1912:
598:
462:. Most trees are not able to produce sap if the phloem duct becomes damaged by mechanical processes.
59:
1160:
1933:
1849:
755:
241:
168:
1713:. USDA National Nutrient Database, Agricultural Research Service, Release 28. 2015. Archived from
1284:
The Best of the
Argonauts: The Redefinition of the Epic Hero in Book 1 of Apollonius's Argonautica
440:
forests, production of both the honeydew nectar and manna tends to increase in spring and autumn.
1938:
1591:
1498:
779:"Trophobiosis Between Formicidae and Hemiptera (Sternorrhyncha and Auchenorrhyncha): an Overview"
455:
54:
1742:
450:
eats both, licking the nectar from branches. Other species attracted to the nectar include the
1417:
1334:
1287:. Hellenistic culture and society. Vol. 10. University of California Press. p. 170.
1282:
1257:
939:
1848:
1590:
1497:
1026:
Peach DA, Gries R, Young N, Lakes R, Galloway E, Alamsetti SK, et al. (February 2019).
846:
Shaaban, Basel; Seeburger, Victoria; Schroeder, Annette; Lohaus, Gertrud (24 January 2020).
708:
1928:
696:
8:
700:
French honey from different floral sources, with visible differences in color and texture
514:
32:
1874:
1616:
1523:
1319:
1234:
1191:
1142:
1054:
1027:
989:
874:
847:
801:
451:
400:
84:
1864:
1831:
1778:
1654:
1620:
1606:
1563:
1527:
1513:
1473:
1423:
1340:
1288:
1261:
1238:
1226:
1100:
1059:
945:
879:
737:
733:
716:
509:
472:
1878:
1195:
1146:
993:
805:
1856:
1598:
1505:
1469:
1465:
1218:
1183:
1134:
1090:
1049:
1039:
981:
869:
859:
828:
793:
636:
565:
529:
459:
331:
204:
148:
19:
1771:
1684:
1677:
1013:
864:
778:
644:
288:
258:
1768:
1307:
750:
703:
Honey use and production has a long and varied history, with its beginnings in
651:
409:
297:
42:
1860:
1602:
1509:
985:
832:
797:
172:. Animals and plants in a mutually symbiotic arrangement with ants are called
1922:
1477:
1104:
686:
682:
643:
or apiculture, with the cultivation of stingless bees usually referred to as
631:
Honey for human consumption is collected from wild bee colonies, or from the
625:
525:
505:
216:
163:
1391:
1044:
228:
1698:"What is the relative sweetness of different sugars and sugar substitutes?"
1230:
1063:
883:
561:
447:
425:
386:
280:
187:
173:
132:
108:
673:(15 mL) of honey provides around 190 kilojoules (46 kilocalories) of
1138:
690:
674:
417:
324:
246:
136:
1419:
Insects and Plants: Parallel
Evolution & Adaptations, Second Edition
918:"Cicadas pee from trees. And they can urinate a lot, a new study finds"
704:
670:
640:
442:
371:
367:
336:
274:
200:
144:
140:
64:
1095:
1078:
1453:
729:
722:
662:
613:
586:
578:
493:
485:
405:
269:
220:
128:
116:
112:
35:
1222:
1187:
654:
437:
413:
266:
192:
181:
715:
depict humans foraging for honey at least 8,000 years ago. While
666:
658:
632:
617:
609:
211:. Honeydew is collected by certain species of birds, mosquitoes,
155:
1907:
845:
725:
678:
602:
594:
421:
303:
232:
120:
100:
554:
1769:
Prescott, Lansing; Harley, John P.; Klein, Donald A. (1999).
1690:
712:
621:
590:
574:
542:
489:
477:
375:
363:
316:
308:
284:, "this is what people call honeydew and from it bees feed."
224:
208:
104:
96:
24:
1804:. US Department of Agriculture, Farmers' Bulletin, No. 653.
899:"Sex-mad and spectacular: 17 incredible facts about cicadas"
1208:
312:
236:
212:
124:
685:
cannot grow in honey and sealed honey therefore does not
650:
Honey is sweet because of its high concentrations of the
582:
481:
262:
159:
28:
681:
and a distinctive flavor when used as a sweetener. Most
123:, the sugary, high-pressure liquid is forced out of the
616:. The honeycomb is made up of hundreds or thousands of
1593:
Stingless Bees: Their
Behaviour, Ecology and Evolution
1500:
Stingless Bees: Their
Behaviour, Ecology and Evolution
915:
612:. Within the hive is a structure made from wax called
446:
can produce even more manna than honeydew nectar. The
1025:
1016:, APSnet.org, The American Phytopathological Society
818:
340:, perhaps because of its mythological connotations:
1762:
1703:
374:, they are miraculously provided with a substance,
1840:
1770:
1672:
1670:
1456:(1990). "Honey from honeybees and other insects".
1448:
1446:
1117:
971:
693:contexts have proven edible even after millennia.
1651:The World History of Beekeeping and Honey Hunting
1920:
1642:
1597:. Fascinating Life Sciences. Springer New York.
1504:. Fascinating Life Sciences. Springer New York.
1173:
179:In Madagascar, some gecko species in the genera
1738:"The Science Behind Honey's Eternal Shelf Life"
1667:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1443:
412:. The honeydew producing insects preferred the
1555:
1820:
1729:
330:Honey-dew is referenced in the last lines of
1846:
1484:
1320:"Exodus 16 :: King James Version (KJV)"
677:. It has attractive chemical properties for
1797:
1711:"Full Report (All Nutrients): 19296, Honey"
1176:Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society
370:are wandering through the desert after the
1791:
1678:"Carbohydrates and the Sweetness of Honey"
1562:. International Bee Research Association.
1559:Directory of important world honey sources
1076:
944:. Cambridge University Press. p. 33.
1094:
1053:
1043:
916:John Dodge; Noel Brennan (May 15, 2024).
896:
873:
863:
492:, an unusual varietal sold by specialist
381:
252:
147:, other organic compounds, and inorganic
1556:Crane, Eva; Walker, P.; Day, R. (1984).
772:
770:
695:
385:
345:And all who heard should see them there,
295:, or "honey", drips from the Manna–ash (
69:
49:
41:
18:
1735:
1415:
1251:
1083:Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata
890:
776:
593:secretions of plants (primarily floral
424:, where they have been observed in the
223:, which process it into a dark, strong
115:and some other insects as they feed on
1921:
1588:
1495:
1332:
1280:
1028:"Aedes aegypti (L.) to Aphid Honeydew"
909:
119:. When their mouthpart penetrates the
1847:Quezada-Euán, José Javier G. (2018).
1648:
1452:
1422:. Sandhill Crane Press. p. 119.
1118:Koch H, Corcoran C, Jonker M (2011).
933:
931:
767:
732:stingless bees has been practiced by
581:substance made by several species of
349:His flashing eyes, his floating hair!
231:). This is highly prized in parts of
1808:from the original on 15 October 2023
1798:Hunt CL, Atwater HW (7 April 1915).
353:And close your eyes with holy dread,
1736:Geiling, Natasha (22 August 2013).
937:
347:And all should cry, Beware! Beware!
272:to the earth, and according to the
131:insects and is often the basis for
13:
1627:from the original on 20 April 2023
1534:from the original on 20 April 2023
941:Evolutionary Ecology of Marsupials
928:
608:Honey bees stockpile honey in the
476:) habitually bores into the young
14:
1950:
1900:
1885:from the original on 13 July 2024
1750:from the original on 10 June 2023
1576:from the original on 13 July 2023
728:, large-scale meliponiculture of
689:. Samples of honey discovered in
661:. It has about the same relative
535:
239:for its reputed medicinal value.
154:Honeydew-producing insects, like
1906:
1458:Ethology Ecology & Evolution
1159:
553:
541:This section is an excerpt from
357:And drunk the milk of Paradise.
351:Weave a circle round him thrice,
1546:
1409:
1384:
1360:
1326:
1312:
1301:
1274:
1245:
1202:
1167:
1111:
1070:
1801:Honey and Its Uses in the Home
1470:10.1080/03949370.1991.10721919
1019:
1000:
965:
839:
812:
585:, the best-known of which are
1:
1828:The Archaeology of Beekeeping
1368:"Oak honey comes from Acorns"
761:
431:
355:For he on honey-dew hath fed,
1830:, Cornell University Press,
1687:. Last accessed 1 June 2012.
865:10.1371/journal.pone.0228171
707:. Several cave paintings in
669:(table sugar). One standard
390:Honeydew puddle under a tree
7:
1777:. Boston: WCB/McGraw-Hill.
744:
499:
10:
1955:
1589:GrĂĽter, Christoph (2020).
1496:GrĂĽter, Christoph (2020).
1077:Peach DA, Gries G (2019).
974:Journal of Natural History
821:Journal of Natural History
540:
1861:10.1007/978-3-319-77785-6
1649:Crane, Ethel Eva (1999).
1603:10.1007/978-3-030-60090-7
1510:10.1007/978-3-030-60090-7
986:10.1080/00222930150215378
897:Elle Hunt (26 May 2021).
833:10.1080/00222938600770751
798:10.1080/00222930150215378
311:", nursed the infant god
88:"cicada rain" slow motion
60:Disholcaspis quercusmamma
27:produces honeydew for an
1851:Stingless Bees of Mexico
1700:. Retrieved 1 June 2012.
1696:Oregon State University
1392:"Miel Morbihan Bretagne"
756:List of honeydew sources
404:is attracted to certain
394:
242:Parachartergus fraternus
169:Crematogaster peringueyi
46:Honeydew drops on leaves
1308:Manna#Identifying manna
1211:The American Naturalist
1045:10.3390/insects10020043
465:
456:brush-tailed phascogale
166:or parasitic wasps—see
1676:National Honey Board.
786:Neotropical Entomology
701:
560:A jar of honey with a
521:Najacoccus serpentinus
391:
382:Nectar producing trees
360:
253:Religion and mythology
191:are known to approach
89:
67:
47:
39:
1855:. Springer New York.
938:Lee AK (1985-03-21).
699:
389:
342:
82:
57:sips honeydew from a
53:
45:
22:
1915:at Wikimedia Commons
1396:L'Abeille de Lanvaux
1139:10.4001/003.019.0111
639:of bees is known as
1683:1 July 2011 at the
777:Delabie JH (2001).
515:Trabutina mannipara
199:Honeydew can cause
1826:Crane, Eva (1983)
1416:Jolivet P (1992).
1372:The Raw Honey Shop
1333:Howard FW (2001).
1281:Clauss JJ (1993).
1260:. pp. 18–19.
1252:Faulkes A (1995).
1127:African Entomology
1012:2018-08-09 at the
709:Cuevas de la Araña
702:
470:The acorn weevil (
452:feathertail glider
401:Ommatissus lybicus
392:
301:), with which the
90:
85:Magicicada cassini
68:
48:
40:
1911:Media related to
1870:978-3-030-08539-1
1784:978-0-697-35439-6
1660:978-1-136-74670-3
1612:978-3-030-60089-1
1569:978-0-86098-141-1
1519:978-3-030-60089-1
1464:(sup1): 100–105.
1294:978-0-520-07925-0
1096:10.1111/eea.12852
705:prehistoric times
530:Hebrew scriptures
473:Curculio glandium
315:on the island of
205:ornamental plants
111:, and many other
80:
55:Bald-faced hornet
31:in an example of
16:Sugar-rich liquid
1946:
1910:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1854:
1844:
1838:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1795:
1789:
1788:
1776:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1717:on 12 March 2016
1707:
1701:
1694:
1688:
1674:
1665:
1664:
1646:
1640:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1596:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1550:
1544:
1543:
1541:
1539:
1503:
1493:
1482:
1481:
1450:
1441:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1413:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1403:
1388:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1378:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1336:Insects on Palms
1330:
1324:
1323:
1316:
1310:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1278:
1272:
1271:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1206:
1200:
1199:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1163:
1157:
1155:
1149:. Archived from
1124:
1115:
1109:
1108:
1098:
1074:
1068:
1067:
1057:
1047:
1023:
1017:
1004:
998:
997:
969:
963:
962:
960:
958:
935:
926:
925:
913:
907:
906:
894:
888:
887:
877:
867:
843:
837:
836:
827:(5): 1041–1050.
816:
810:
809:
783:
774:
566:American biscuit
557:
460:brown antechinus
332:Samuel Coleridge
81:
63:gall covered by
1954:
1953:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1944:
1943:
1934:Insect products
1919:
1918:
1903:
1898:
1888:
1886:
1871:
1845:
1841:
1825:
1821:
1811:
1809:
1796:
1792:
1785:
1767:
1763:
1753:
1751:
1734:
1730:
1720:
1718:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1695:
1691:
1685:Wayback Machine
1675:
1668:
1661:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1630:
1628:
1613:
1579:
1577:
1570:
1551:
1547:
1537:
1535:
1520:
1494:
1485:
1451:
1444:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1414:
1410:
1401:
1399:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1376:
1374:
1366:
1365:
1361:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1339:. p. 154.
1331:
1327:
1318:
1317:
1313:
1306:
1302:
1295:
1279:
1275:
1268:
1250:
1246:
1207:
1203:
1172:
1168:
1158:
1153:
1122:
1116:
1112:
1075:
1071:
1024:
1020:
1014:Wayback Machine
1005:
1001:
970:
966:
956:
954:
952:
936:
929:
914:
910:
895:
891:
858:(1): e0228171.
844:
840:
817:
813:
781:
775:
768:
764:
747:
742:
741:
652:monosaccharides
645:meliponiculture
577:is a sweet and
572:
571:
570:
569:
568:
558:
546:
538:
502:
468:
434:
416:variety to the
397:
384:
359:
356:
354:
352:
350:
348:
346:
307:, or "ash tree
289:Greek mythology
265:falls from the
259:Norse mythology
255:
70:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1952:
1942:
1941:
1939:Sternorrhyncha
1936:
1931:
1917:
1916:
1902:
1901:External links
1899:
1897:
1896:
1869:
1839:
1819:
1790:
1783:
1761:
1728:
1702:
1689:
1666:
1659:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1611:
1586:
1568:
1552:
1545:
1518:
1483:
1442:
1428:
1408:
1383:
1359:
1345:
1325:
1311:
1300:
1293:
1273:
1266:
1244:
1223:10.1086/692437
1217:(2): 281–291.
1201:
1188:10.2317/E-40.1
1166:
1156:on 2012-03-19.
1110:
1089:(2): 120–136.
1069:
1018:
999:
964:
950:
927:
908:
889:
838:
811:
792:(4): 501–516.
765:
763:
760:
759:
758:
753:
751:Lerp (biology)
746:
743:
718:Apis mellifera
691:archaeological
683:microorganisms
559:
552:
551:
550:
549:
548:
547:
539:
537:
536:Honeydew honey
534:
526:Tamarisk trees
501:
498:
467:
464:
433:
430:
410:date palm tree
396:
393:
383:
380:
362:In the Hebrew
343:
298:Fraxinus ornus
254:
251:
229:honeydew honey
217:stingless bees
103:, secreted by
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1951:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1914:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1853:
1852:
1843:
1837:
1836:0-8014-1609-4
1833:
1829:
1823:
1807:
1803:
1802:
1794:
1786:
1780:
1775:
1774:
1765:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1739:
1732:
1716:
1712:
1706:
1699:
1693:
1686:
1682:
1679:
1673:
1671:
1662:
1656:
1653:. Routledge.
1652:
1645:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1595:
1594:
1587:
1575:
1571:
1565:
1561:
1560:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1502:
1501:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1449:
1447:
1431:
1429:9781877743108
1425:
1421:
1420:
1412:
1397:
1393:
1387:
1373:
1369:
1363:
1348:
1346:9780851997056
1342:
1338:
1337:
1329:
1321:
1315:
1309:
1304:
1296:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1277:
1269:
1267:0-460-87616-3
1263:
1259:
1255:
1248:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1205:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1182:(4): 470–83.
1181:
1177:
1170:
1162:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1106:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1073:
1065:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1022:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1003:
995:
991:
987:
983:
980:(2): 279–84.
979:
975:
968:
953:
951:9780521252928
947:
943:
942:
934:
932:
923:
919:
912:
904:
900:
893:
885:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
857:
853:
849:
842:
834:
830:
826:
822:
815:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
780:
773:
771:
766:
757:
754:
752:
749:
748:
739:
738:pre-Columbian
735:
731:
727:
724:
720:
719:
714:
710:
706:
698:
694:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
653:
648:
646:
642:
638:
634:
629:
627:
626:stingless bee
623:
619:
615:
611:
606:
604:
600:
599:regurgitation
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
567:
563:
556:
544:
533:
531:
527:
523:
522:
517:
516:
511:
507:
506:scale insects
497:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
474:
463:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
444:
439:
429:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
402:
388:
379:
377:
373:
369:
365:
358:
341:
339:
338:
333:
328:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
305:
300:
299:
294:
290:
285:
283:
282:
277:
276:
271:
268:
264:
260:
250:
248:
244:
243:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
197:
194:
190:
189:
184:
183:
177:
175:
174:Myrmecophiles
171:
170:
165:
161:
157:
152:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
109:scale insects
106:
102:
99:-rich sticky
98:
94:
87:
86:
66:
62:
61:
56:
52:
44:
37:
34:
30:
26:
21:
1887:. Retrieved
1850:
1842:
1827:
1822:
1810:. Retrieved
1800:
1793:
1773:Microbiology
1772:
1764:
1752:. Retrieved
1741:
1731:
1719:. Retrieved
1715:the original
1705:
1692:
1650:
1644:
1629:. Retrieved
1592:
1578:. Retrieved
1558:
1548:
1536:. Retrieved
1499:
1461:
1457:
1433:. Retrieved
1418:
1411:
1400:. Retrieved
1395:
1386:
1375:. Retrieved
1371:
1362:
1350:. Retrieved
1335:
1328:
1314:
1303:
1283:
1276:
1253:
1247:
1214:
1210:
1204:
1179:
1175:
1169:
1151:the original
1133:(1): 36–41.
1130:
1126:
1113:
1086:
1082:
1072:
1035:
1031:
1021:
1007:Ergot of Rye
1002:
977:
973:
967:
955:. Retrieved
940:
921:
911:
902:
892:
855:
851:
841:
824:
820:
814:
789:
785:
717:
649:
630:
624:used by the
607:
573:
562:honey dipper
519:
513:
503:
471:
469:
448:sugar glider
441:
435:
426:Arava Valley
399:
398:
366:, while the
361:
344:
335:
329:
321:Hymn to Zeus
320:
302:
296:
292:
286:
281:Gylfaginning
279:
273:
256:
240:
198:
188:Lygodactylus
186:
180:
178:
167:
164:lady beetles
153:
137:caterpillars
133:trophobiosis
92:
91:
83:
58:
1929:Body fluids
1754:9 September
1743:Smithsonian
1398:(in French)
903:Guardian US
675:food energy
418:Deglet Noor
325:Callimachus
319:(as in the
145:amino acids
33:mutualistic
1923:Categories
1721:30 October
1454:Crane, Eva
1402:2022-09-25
1377:2022-09-25
762:References
671:tablespoon
641:beekeeping
587:honey bees
524:, feed on
494:beekeepers
486:Honey bees
443:Eucalyptus
432:Eucalyptus
368:Israelites
337:Kubla Khan
275:Prose Edda
221:honey bees
201:sooty mold
141:Lycaenidae
129:hemipteran
65:sooty mold
1621:227250633
1528:227250633
1478:0394-9370
1435:25 August
1352:25 August
1239:206004844
1105:1570-7458
1038:(2): 43.
957:25 August
730:New World
723:Old World
663:sweetness
637:husbandry
618:hexagonal
614:honeycomb
603:enzymatic
482:oak trees
406:cultivars
270:Yggdrasil
117:plant sap
113:true bugs
36:symbiosis
1913:Honeydew
1883:Archived
1879:51912114
1806:Archived
1748:Archived
1681:Archived
1625:Archived
1574:Archived
1532:Archived
1258:Everyman
1231:28731796
1196:84967255
1147:83522254
1064:30717169
1010:Archived
994:84918015
922:CBS NEWS
884:31978201
852:PLOS ONE
806:84918015
745:See also
655:fructose
500:Tamarisk
438:eucalypt
414:Medjhool
334:'s poem
267:ash tree
247:eusocial
203:on many
182:Phelsuma
93:Honeydew
1812:2 April
1580:13 July
1055:6409638
1032:Insects
875:6980476
667:sucrose
659:glucose
579:viscous
564:and an
508:in the
408:of the
156:cicadas
135:. Some
107:, some
1889:27 May
1877:
1867:
1834:
1781:
1657:
1631:27 May
1619:
1609:
1566:
1538:27 May
1526:
1516:
1476:
1426:
1343:
1291:
1264:
1237:
1229:
1194:
1145:
1103:
1062:
1052:
992:
948:
882:
872:
804:
740:times.
736:since
734:Mayans
726:insect
721:is an
679:baking
595:nectar
591:sugary
478:acorns
458:, and
422:Israel
372:Exodus
309:nymphs
304:Meliae
233:Europe
193:flatid
121:phloem
105:aphids
101:liquid
1875:S2CID
1617:S2CID
1524:S2CID
1235:S2CID
1192:S2CID
1154:(PDF)
1143:S2CID
1123:(PDF)
990:S2CID
802:S2CID
782:(PDF)
713:Spain
687:spoil
633:hives
622:resin
575:Honey
543:Honey
510:Sinai
490:honey
395:Dates
376:manna
364:Bible
317:Crete
278:book
225:honey
213:wasps
209:ergot
149:salts
97:sugar
95:is a
25:aphid
1891:2021
1865:ISBN
1832:ISBN
1814:2015
1779:ISBN
1756:2019
1723:2015
1655:ISBN
1633:2021
1607:ISBN
1582:2023
1564:ISBN
1540:2021
1514:ISBN
1474:ISSN
1437:2019
1424:ISBN
1354:2019
1341:ISBN
1289:ISBN
1262:ISBN
1254:Edda
1227:PMID
1101:ISSN
1060:PMID
959:2019
946:ISBN
880:PMID
657:and
610:hive
601:and
583:bees
518:and
504:Two
466:Oaks
313:Zeus
293:méli
245:, a
237:Asia
235:and
219:and
185:and
160:Ants
125:anus
1857:doi
1599:doi
1506:doi
1466:doi
1219:doi
1215:190
1184:doi
1135:doi
1091:doi
1087:168
1050:PMC
1040:doi
982:doi
870:PMC
860:doi
829:doi
794:doi
711:in
665:as
480:of
436:In
420:in
327:).
323:by
287:In
263:dew
257:In
139:of
29:ant
23:An
1925::
1881:.
1873:.
1863:.
1746:.
1740:.
1669:^
1623:.
1615:.
1605:.
1572:.
1530:.
1522:.
1512:.
1486:^
1472:.
1460:.
1445:^
1394:.
1370:.
1256:.
1233:.
1225:.
1213:.
1190:.
1180:77
1178:.
1141:.
1131:19
1129:.
1125:.
1099:.
1085:.
1081:.
1058:.
1048:.
1036:10
1034:.
1030:.
988:.
978:35
976:.
930:^
920:.
901:.
878:.
868:.
856:15
854:.
850:.
825:20
823:.
800:.
790:30
788:.
784:.
769:^
647:.
628:.
532:.
512:,
496:.
454:,
291:,
261:,
215:,
176:.
1893:.
1859::
1816:.
1787:.
1758:.
1725:.
1663:.
1635:.
1601::
1584:.
1542:.
1508::
1480:.
1468::
1462:3
1439:.
1405:.
1380:.
1356:.
1322:.
1297:.
1270:.
1241:.
1221::
1198:.
1186::
1137::
1107:.
1093::
1066:.
1042::
996:.
984::
961:.
924:.
905:.
886:.
862::
835:.
831::
808:.
796::
545:.
227:(
38:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)
