1032:(Nevada), February 3, 1900, p. 2, col. 5. "The programme is made up largely of specialties. Whatever the feeling of a long-suffering public, the honkatonk vocalists never will permit 'Sweet Rosie O'Grady' and 'Just One Girl' to perish from the earth, and coon songs are sung as May Irwin never did and never will sing them. Always at least one drama is presented, the entire company, vocalists, dancers and all, participating. Among the most popular plays are 'The Dalton Boys' and 'Mildred, the She-Devil of the Plains,' for the old traditions still are respected to a certain extent, though the participation of the audience is no longer solicited."
465:
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One theory is that the "tonk" portion of the name may have come from the brand name of piano made by
William Tonk & Bros., an American manufacturer of large upright pianos (established 1881), which made a piano with the decal "Ernest A. Tonk". The Tonk brothers, William and Max, established the
1020:, Sunday, September 5, 1915, p. 1., col. 1. "There is scarcely an old-time gambler in the United States who does not remember the Reeves gambling house and 'honkytonk' in Guthrie. ... a stage and rows of curtained boxes, was built as an addition for the purposes of a free-and-easy variety show."
428:
and E.C. Abbott referred to honky-tonks in the cowtowns of Kansas, Nebraska, and
Montana in the 1870s and 1880s. Their recollections contain lurid accounts of the women and violence accompanying the shows. However, in contemporary accounts these were nearly always called
324:" which formed so great a part of this notorious district. In these establishments, which were often of enormous size, much liquor was dispensed at the tables which crowded the floor, and entertainment of doubtful quality was given on a stage at one end of the room.
825:(Oklahoma), February 26, 1894, p. 2, col. 1. (Oklahoma Historical Society, Microfilm #110). "The honk-a-tonk last night was well attended by ball heads, bachelors and leading citizens. Most of them are inclined to kick themselves this morning for being sold."
639:, helped establish the honky-tonk style and Tubb as one of its foremost practitioners. Tubb, from Crisp, Texas, was a fan of Jimmie Rodgers and fused Western swing, which had been using electric guitars for years, with other "country" sounds.
382:", and that "the name itself became synonymous with a style of music. Related to the classic blues in tonal structure, honky-tonk has a tempo that is slightly stepped up. It is rhythmically suited for many African-American dance."
421:) and to the theaters housing them. The earliest mention of them in print refers to them as "variety theaters" and describe the entertainment as "variety shows". The theaters often had an attached gambling house and always a bar.
153:; the style evolved in response to an environment in which pianos were often poorly cared for, tending to be out of tune and having some nonfunctioning keys. This honky-tonk music was an important influence on the
798:, July 26, 1892, p. 6: "Fort Worth, Tex. (...) A youth named Goodman, who arrived here from Wilbarger county entered Andrews' honkatonk on Fifteenth street and was ordered out on account of his age." (
260:
Tonk Bros. Manufacturing
Company in 1873, so such an etymology is possible, however, these pianos were not manufactured until 1889, at which point the term seems to have already been established.
244:
trails extending from Dallas and Fort Worth, Texas, into south central
Oklahoma, suggesting that the term may have been a localism spread by cowboys driving cattle to market. The sound of
688:" (1969) was based on the sound of 1940s honky-tonk artists like Hank Williams and referred to the reputation of honky-tonk bars as centres of prostitution. In the 1970s,
1048:
510:; the style evolved in response to an environment in which the pianos were often poorly cared for, tending to be out of tune and having some nonfunctioning keys.
1256:
525:'s hit "Honky Tonk Train Blues." Lewis recorded the latter many times from 1927 into the 1950s, and the song was covered by many other musicians, including
1649:
452:. The Rough Riders were recruited from the ranches of Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Indian Territories, so the term was still in popular use during the
1378:
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786:(Dallas, Texas), August 6, 1890: "Myself and him set and talked awhile and he got up and said he wanted to go to the honk-a-tonk (variety show)."
2292:
2282:
624:. Lyrics tended to focus on working-class life, with frequently tragic themes of lost love, adultery, loneliness, alcoholism, and self-pity.
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and widely reprinted in other newspapers. The article, however, reads more like a humorous legend or fable, so its veracity is questionable.
574:
In the years before World War II, the music industry began to refer to honky-tonk music played from Texas and
Oklahoma to the West Coast as
2082:
1055:: "I went to Dodge City, the honkatonk town, cleaned up an bought a suit of clothes, and left for San Antonio, reaching home July 1, 1885."
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for the entertainment of its patrons and the style of music played in such establishments. It can also refer to the type of piano (
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437:, which was sometimes mistakenly applied to a small, portable barrel organ that was frequently played by organ grinders and
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335:, the principal differences being that the prices were lower and that the former establishment made no pretense of "
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being played from Texas and
Oklahoma to the West Coast as "honky-tonk" music. In the 1950s, honky-tonk entered its
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wrote in their 1916 hit song "Down in Honky Tonk Town", "It's underneath the ground, where all the fun is found."
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clientele. Some honky-tonks offered dancing to music played by pianists or small bands, and some were centers of
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In this context of the term’s meaning and its possible origin, an example from roughly the same period is the
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in
Oklahoma. Early uses of the term in print mostly appear along a corridor roughly coinciding with
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The honky-tonk sound has a full rhythm section playing a two-beat rhythm with a crisp backbeat.
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1064:"Col. Emerson's Novel Party; Rough Rider Veteran Gives 'Old Forty-niners' Honky-Tonk Fandango
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378:. Katrina Hazzard-Gordon wrote that the honky-tonk was "the first urban manifestation of the
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608:). The vocals were originally rough and nasal, as exemplified by the singer-songwriters
252:) and the types of places that were called honky-tonks suggests that the term may be an
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reference to the loud, boisterous music and noise heard at these establishments.
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Type of bar that provides musical entertainment and a style of music played there
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constituted perhaps the most vivid spots in their generally uneventful lives.
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dated June 28, 1874, stating, "The police spent a busy day today raiding the
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The honky tonk, as a matter of fact, was the predecessor of the present-day
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Southwest
Shuffle: Pioneers of Honky Tonk, Western Swing, and Country Jazz
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An early source purporting to explain the derivation of the term (spelled
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The origin of the term "honky-tonk" is disputed, originally referring to
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He took the sound to
Nashville, where he was the first musician to play
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piano style. Before World War II, the music industry began to refer to
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Honky-tonks were rough establishments, providing country music in the
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The name originated on the
Barbary Coast and was applied to the low "
580:. More recently, the term has come to refer to the primary sound in
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773:, “Peoriana” collection, Peoria Public Library, pp. 2335–2342
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In recollections long after the frontiers closed, writers such as
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289:'Honky-Tonk' Origin Told", which was probably in response to the
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is unknown. The earliest known use in print is an article in the
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692:'s brand of rough honky-tonk was represented by artists such as
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71:) used to play such music. Bars of this kind are common in the
1106:"Walking The Floor Over You" Sheet Music by George IV Hamilton
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Trail Drivers of Texas: Interesting Sketches of Early Cowboys
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men of a few years ago knew very well, as the honky-tonks of
230:) (which used the term to refer to an adult establishment in
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471:, an influential honky-tonker from the 1940s and early 1950s
79:
United States. Many prominent country music artists such as
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The Rolling Stones: It's Only Rock and Roll: Song by Song
107:
began their careers as amateur musicians in honky-tonks.
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to be commonly known as honky-tonk music was a style of
1268:
Jazz of the Southwest: An Oral History of Western Swing
1238:
We Pointed Them North: Recollections of a Cowpuncher
1208:
1213:, London: Greenwood Publishing Group, p. 407,
1211:
Encyclopedia of Prostitution and Sex Work, Volume 2
1165:
Honky Tonk Angel: The Intimate Story of Patsy Cline
588:became accepted there. Originally, it featured the
405:originally referred to bawdy variety shows in the
133:to be commonly known as honky-tonk was a style of
35:is the oldest Honky Tonk in Nashville, Tennessee.
2274:
1650:Index of drinking establishment–related articles
1183:
678:ended honky-tonk's initial period of dominance.
401:Although the derivation of the term is unknown,
841:
396:
347:song “They Call Me Sister Honky-Tonk,” sung by
849:"Piano Manufacturers New York State 1789–1911"
444:As late as 1913, Col. Edwin Emerson, a former
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214:There are subsequent citations from 1890 in
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126:) and to the actual theaters showing them.
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1083:Popular Music in America: The Beat Goes On
551:line and driving, slow beat, was an early
267:) was an article published in 1900 by the
938:(Nevada), February 3, 1900, p. 2, col. 5.
571:" were hits on the popular music charts.
563:was another honky-tonk piano man, whose "
1695:
1287:Cowboy Culture: A Saga of Five Centuries
463:
448:commander, hosted a honky-tonk party in
114:variety shows in areas of the old West (
27:
2090:
650:. In the 1950s, honky tonk entered its
2275:
670:(which melded honky-tonk country with
521:'s 1938 record "Honky Tonk Music" and
433:shows, possibly derived from the term
2293:Culture of the Southern United States
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1388:
1146:University of Illinois Press. p. 28.
1122:Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum
684:' number-one single and gold record "
674:) and the slick country music of the
2283:Culture of the Western United States
1242:Norman: University of Oklahoma Press
887:
285:of July 28, 1929, with the headline
1353:Pierce, Bob; Ashley, Larry (1996).
971:"I'm No Angel (1933) - Soundtracks"
627:Copyrighted and released in 1941, "
13:
2012:West Country / Scrumpy and Western
1310:Austin: University of Texas Press.
1257:Honkatonk (1900, from wild geese?)
1255:American Dialect Society (2005). "
1209:Melissa Hope Ditmore, ed. (2006),
1001:. Temple University Press. p. 84.
888:Tonk, William (January 21, 2019).
867:Tonk Manufacturing Company records
303:Do you know what a honky tonk is?
14:
2319:
1272:Austin: University of Texas Press
802:Honky Tonk (Not from Tonk Pianos)
1304:Hunter, J. Marvin (ed.) (1993).
994:Hazzard-Gordon, Katrina (1990).
513:Honky-tonk music influenced the
2298:Types of drinking establishment
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1188:, Schirmer Books, p. 88,
912:"World Wide Words: Honky-tonk"
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483:are the dominant instruments.
1:
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584:, developing in Nashville as
517:piano style, as indicated by
2288:History of the American West
1340:Wyatt Earp: Frontier Marshal
397:Origins of the establishment
192:
7:
1985:Newfoundland & Labrador
1371:Boys Night Out in Leadville
890:"Memoirs of a Manufacturer"
732:List of public house topics
715:
23:Honky Tonk (disambiguation)
10:
2324:
1374:. Retrieved July 16, 2006.
1291:University Press of Kansas
1263:. Retrieved July 16, 2006.
1081:Campbell, Michael (2011).
1072:, February 23, 1913. p. C7
629:Walking the Floor Over You
274:
20:
2225:
2161:
2098:
2022:
1928:
1883:Traditional country music
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1637:
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1422:
1312:Reprint of 1925 edition.
1184:Appleford, Steve (1997),
951:'Honky-Tonk' Origin Told"
900:– via Google Books.
654:, with the popularity of
165:, with the popularity of
1261:American Dialect Society
1142:Morrison, Craig (1952).
635:, his sixth release for
459:
1731:Christian country music
1528:Military officers' club
1416:Drinking establishments
1327:. New York: Routledge.
1266:Boyd, Jean Ann (1998).
960:. July 28, 1929. p. 16.
955:(subscription required)
784:The Dallas Morning News
217:The Dallas Morning News
197:The origin of the term
33:Tootsie's Orchid Lounge
2163:African-American music
1848:Neotraditional country
1342:. Pocket. Reprint ed.
1323:Kienzle, Rich (2003).
1051:July 16, 2006, at the
1044:Trail Drivers of Texas
569:Walkin' to New Orleans
547:Combo, with a sinuous
472:
341:
36:
1888:Truck-driving country
1377:Tennessean Tootsies'
1338:Lake, Stuart (1994).
1236:Abbott, E.C. (2000).
467:
301:
31:
1285:Dary, David (1989).
1030:Reno Evening Gazette
936:Reno Evening Gazette
869:. January 21, 1873.
823:The Daily Ardmoreite
796:Galveston Daily News
454:Spanish–American War
345:Harvey Oliver Brooks
237:The Daily Ardmoreite
223:Galveston Daily News
21:For other uses, see
2092:American folk music
1913:Texas country music
1863:Progressive country
1773:Alternative country
1108:, SheetMusicNow.com
1018:The Daily Oklahoman
606:Hawaiian folk music
494:playing related to
368:alcoholic beverages
137:playing related to
1968:Cape Breton fiddle
1736:Country en Español
1379:56th Birthday Bash
1355:Pierce Piano Atlas
1070:The New York Times
836:Pierce Piano Atlas
767:Underworld – Women
737:The Honky Tonk Man
682:The Rolling Stones
473:
279:An article in the
234:), and in 1894 in
211:and honkytonks."
120:Indian Territories
37:
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2030:Appalachian music
1953:Bakersfield sound
1741:Country and Irish
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958:Los Angeles Times
519:Jelly Roll Morton
351:in the 1933 film
282:Los Angeles Times
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1898:New Mexico music
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1563:(Western) saloon
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686:Honky Tonk Women
672:rhythm and blues
534:twelve-bar blues
498:but emphasizing
417:Territories and
391:Charles McCarron
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228:Galveston, Texas
141:but emphasizing
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664:Lefty Frizzell
648:Grand Ole Opry
565:Blueberry Hill
527:Oscar Peterson
461:
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220:, 1892 in the
204:Peoria Journal
194:
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175:Lefty Frizzell
89:Lefty Frizzell
81:Jimmie Rodgers
63:that provides
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614:Hank Williams
611:
610:Floyd Tillman
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586:Western swing
583:
582:country music
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562:
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553:rock and roll
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469:Hank Williams
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315:Barbary Coast
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291:Sophie Tucker
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187:Hank Williams
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155:boogie-woogie
152:
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105:Merle Haggard
102:
101:Johnny Horton
98:
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93:Hank Williams
90:
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66:
65:country music
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
43:(also called
42:
34:
30:
24:
16:
2251:
2127:Folk revival
1973:MĂ©tis fiddle
1768:Country rock
1655:List of bars
1568:Saloon (bar)
1492:
1381:October 2016
1369:
1354:
1339:
1324:
1305:
1286:
1267:
1237:
1231:Bibliography
1210:
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1017:
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995:
990:
978:. Retrieved
974:
965:
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943:
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931:
919:. Retrieved
915:
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894:. Retrieved
883:
866:
861:
852:
843:
835:
830:
822:
818:
806:, retrieved
801:
795:
791:
783:
779:
766:
760:
694:Gary Stewart
680:
660:Hank Locklin
641:
626:
618:George Jones
602:steel guitar
575:
573:
545:Bill Doggett
537:instrumental
531:
512:
485:
477:Steel guitar
474:
443:
434:
423:
402:
400:
384:
376:prostitution
366:and serving
357:
353:I’m No Angel
342:
326:
319:
305:
302:
294:
280:
278:
269:New York Sun
268:
264:
262:
258:
254:onomatopoeic
249:
245:
242:cattle drive
235:
221:
215:
213:
202:
198:
196:
183:George Jones
171:Hank Locklin
128:
109:
59:) is both a
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
38:
15:
2308:Honky-tonks
2129:(1950s–60s)
2103:Appalachian
2035:Cajun music
1812:Psychobilly
1763:Country rap
1751:Bro-country
1746:Country pop
1724:Traditional
1719:Progressive
1473:Coffeehouse
1463:Cider house
1438:Beer garden
1357:. 10th ed.
1118:Ernest Tubb
921:January 21,
896:January 21,
656:Webb Pierce
633:Ernest Tubb
622:Faron Young
598:string bass
561:Fats Domino
557:New Orleans
488:music genre
446:Rough Rider
435:hurdy-gurdy
431:hurdy-gurdy
387:Chris Smith
250:honk-a-tonk
179:Faron Young
167:Webb Pierce
131:music genre
122:and mostly
97:Patsy Cline
85:Ernest Tubb
49:honkey-tonk
2277:Categories
2257:Rockabilly
2252:Honky-tonk
2240:Roots rock
2210:Spirituals
2138:New Mexico
1941:Australian
1843:Honky-tonk
1834:Swamp rock
1819:Roots rock
1807:Gothabilly
1802:Rockabilly
1756:Cowboy pop
1602:By country
1588:Toddy shop
1553:Ratskeller
1513:Juke joint
1493:Honky tonk
1167:. p. 39.
1144:Go Cat Go!
1089:. p. 127.
753:References
727:Juke joint
668:rockabilly
652:golden age
541:Honky Tonk
502:more than
486:The first
426:Wyatt Earp
403:honky tonk
360:Deep South
333:night club
296:Honky Tonk
246:honky-tonk
232:Fort Worth
199:honky-tonk
163:golden age
145:more than
129:The first
69:tack piano
53:honky tonk
41:honky-tonk
2247:Bluegrass
2235:Americana
2181:Dixieland
2120:Swamp pop
1946:Bush band
1778:Americana
1714:Bluegrass
1609:Australia
1548:Pulqueria
1533:Nightclub
1508:Juice bar
1468:Cigar bar
1448:Biker bar
1443:Beer hall
875:713358409
549:saxophone
543:" by the
364:Southwest
307:Seafaring
265:honkatonk
193:Etymology
77:Southwest
45:honkatonk
2143:Red dirt
2108:Old-time
2002:Nigerian
1958:Canadian
1936:Atlantan
1903:Red dirt
1638:See also
1593:Wine bar
1583:Tiki bar
1573:Teahouse
1483:Fern bar
1478:Dive bar
1434:(saloon)
1049:Archived
1046:, p. 832
1041:Hunter,
980:June 16,
975:IMDb.com
892:. Presto
834:Pierce,
722:Dive bar
716:See also
411:Oklahoma
349:Mae West
116:Oklahoma
2205:Ragtime
2153:Western
2023:Related
1853:Norteño
1785:Cowpunk
1619:Ireland
1558:Shebeen
1523:Meyhane
1503:Izakaya
1498:Ice bar
1488:Gay bar
1458:Cantina
1453:Brewpub
808:July 9,
567:" and "
559:native
508:harmony
496:ragtime
439:buskers
329:cabaret
275:History
209:bagnios
151:harmony
139:ragtime
2215:Gospel
2193:Zydeco
2188:Creole
2148:Tejano
1908:Tejano
1707:Genres
1700:genres
1578:Tavern
1538:Ouzeri
1361:
1346:
1331:
1316:
1297:
1278:
1248:
1217:
1192:
1171:
1150:
1093:
1005:
996:Jookin
873:
708:, and
631:", by
600:, and
594:fiddle
590:guitar
504:melody
500:rhythm
481:fiddle
415:Indian
185:, and
147:melody
143:rhythm
118:, the
2171:Blues
2115:Cajun
1518:Jumak
998:'
771:(PDF)
747:Honky
637:Decca
555:hit.
492:piano
460:Music
419:Texas
370:to a
337:class
322:dives
135:piano
124:Texas
112:bawdy
73:South
55:, or
2176:Jazz
1359:ISBN
1344:ISBN
1329:ISBN
1314:ISBN
1295:ISBN
1276:ISBN
1246:ISBN
1215:ISBN
1190:ISBN
1169:ISBN
1148:ISBN
1091:ISBN
1003:ISBN
982:2024
923:2019
898:2019
871:OCLC
810:2006
620:and
612:and
532:The
479:and
413:and
407:West
389:and
380:jook
362:and
248:(or
103:and
75:and
57:tonk
2200:Jug
1543:Pub
1432:Bar
1259:".
1068:".
646:on
506:or
385:As
339:."
331:or
313:'s
149:or
61:bar
2279::
2007:UK
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226:(
25:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
