2294:
2265:
2144:
2087:
2022:
1868:
1829:
1702:
778:
1026:
913:("statute in favor of princes"). Frederick II, embittered but aiming to promote cohesion in Germany in preparation for his campaigns in northern Italy, pragmatically agreed to Henry’s confirmation of the charter. It was a charter of liberties for the leading German princes at the expense of the lesser nobility and the entirety of the commoners. The princes gained whole power of jurisdiction, and the power to strike their own coins. The emperor lost his right to establish new cities, castles and mints over their territories. The
1335:
936:
339:
51:
984:
1046:
away from the diminished monarchy. Rather than establish sovereign states however, many nobles tended to look after their families. Their many male heirs created more and smaller estates, and from a largely free class of officials previously formed, many of these assumed or acquired hereditary rights to administrative and legal offices. These trends compounded political fragmentation within
Germany. The period was ended in 1273 with the election of
1212:
1130:
1204:
5969:
927:“strong ruler” such as Frederick II would have even pragmatically agreed to legislation that was concessionary rather than cooperative, neither would the princes have insisted on such. Frederick II used the political loyalty and practical jurisdictions of the German aristocracy to support his kingly duty of imposing peace, order, and justice upon the German realm. This is shown clearly in the imperial
5938:
1012:. Almost every aspect in Frederick’s tightly-governed kingdom was regulated, from a rigorously centralized judiciary and bureaucracy, to commerce, coinage, financial policy, weights and measures, legal equality for all citizens, protections for women, and even provisions for the environment and public health. Per the Constitutions, Frederick II was
932:
peace. The inevitable result was the territorial particularism of churchmen, lay princes, and interstitial cities. However, Frederick II was a ruler of vast territories and “could not be everywhere at once”. The transference of jurisdiction was a practical solution to secure the further support of the German princes.
1045:
followed which saw several rival claimants elected as King of the Romans in
Germany. None of these claimants were able to achieve any position of authority much less the power and imperial grandeur of the Hohenstaufen. The German princes vied for individual advantage and managed to strip many powers
979:
excommunicated
Frederick again, and in 1245 he was condemned as a heretic by a church council. Although Frederick II was perhaps one of the most energetic, imaginative, and capable rulers of the entire Middle Ages, he seemed to be less concerned with drawing the disparate forces in Germany together.
906:
in 1224 to train future state officials and reigned over
Germany primarily through the allocation of royal prerogatives, leaving the sovereign authority and imperial estates to the ecclesiastical and secular princes. In 1232, Henry (VII), King of Germany and Frederick’s eldest son, was forced by the
926:
By the 1240s the crown was almost as rich in fiscal resources, towns, castles, enfeoffed retinues, monasteries, ecclesiastical advocacies, manors, tolls, and all other rights, revenues, and jurisdictions as it had ever been at any time since the death of Henry VI. It is unlikely that a particularly
822:
would receive the German crown. Faced with difficulties in Italy and confident that he would realize his wishes in
Germany at a later date, Henry returned to the south, where it appeared he might unify the peninsula under the Hohenstaufen name. After a series of military victories, however, he fell
1112:
During the political decentralization of the late
Staufer period, the population had grown from an estimated 8 million in 1200 to about 14 million in 1300, and the number of towns increased tenfold. The most heavily urbanized areas of Germany were in the south and the west. Towns often developed a
931:
issued at Mainz in 1235, which explicitly enjoined the princes as loyal vassals to exercise their own jurisdictions in their own localities. The jurisdictional autarky of the German princes was favoured by the crown itself in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries in the interests of order and local
901:
was the most brilliant and extraordinary of the
Hohenstaufen but he spent little time in Germany. His main concerns lay in Italy and the Kingdom of Sicily, where he ruled as an absolute monarch supported by a sophisticated administrative apparatus. The institutions of Sicily and Italy seemed to be
1021:
From 1240, Frederick II was determined to push through far-reaching reforms to establish the
Sicilian kingdom and Imperial Italy as unified state bound by a centralized administration. The new unified administration was taken over directly by the emperor and his highly trained Sicilian officials
922:
affirmed a division of labor between the emperor and the princes and laid much groundwork for the development of particularism and, perhaps even federalism in
Germany. Even so, from 1232 the vassals of the emperor had a veto over imperial legislative decisions and any new law established by the
5065:
born out of wedlock, who had been legitimised by the posterior marriage of his parents on his mother's deathbed (as referenced in the sources n. 27 and 28). Therefore, his son, Henry , was the last
Hohenstaufen who could have claimed full dynastic rights, albeit not being the last
1066:. By this time, the office of duke of Swabia had been fully subsumed into the office of the king, and without royal authority had become meaningless. In 1261, attempts to elect young Conradin king were unsuccessful. He also had to defend Sicily against an invasion, sponsored by
685:(Reign 2 January 1155 – 10 June 1190), known as Frederick Barbarossa because of his red beard, struggled throughout his reign to restore the power and prestige of the German monarchy against the dukes, whose power had grown both before and after the
1022:
whose jurisdiction now ranged across all of Italy. For the rest of Frederick’s reign, there was a continuous movement toward the extension and perfection of this new unified administrative system, with the emperor himself as the driving force.
431:
or variants thereof. Only in the 13th century would the name come to be applied to the family as a whole. Around 1215, a chronicler referred to the "emperors of Stauf". In 1247, the Emperor Frederick II himself referred to his family as the
716:
During Frederick's long stays in Italy, the German princes became stronger and began a successful colonization of Slavic lands. Offers of reduced taxes and manorial duties enticed many Germans to settle in the east in the course of the
823:
ill and died of natural causes in Sicily in 1197. His underage son Frederick could only succeed him in Sicily and Malta, while in the Empire the struggle between the House of Staufen and the House of Welf erupted once again.
835:, brother of late Henry VI, was designated to serve in his place. Other factions however favoured a Welf candidate. In 1198, two rival kings were chosen: the Hohenstaufen Philip of Swabia and the son of the deprived Duke
917:
was more a confirmation of political realities which had existed for generations in Germany than a wholesale denuding of royal power and it did not prevent imperial officials from enforcing Frederick’s prerogatives. The
627:, son-in-law and heir of Lothair and the most powerful prince in Germany, who had been passed over in the election, refused to acknowledge the new king, Conrad III deprived him of all his territories, giving the
705:, the alliance suffered many defeats but ultimately was able to deny the emperor a complete victory in Italy. Frederick returned to Germany. He had vanquished one notable opponent, his Welf cousin, Duke
980:
Frederick was pragmatic enough to realize that for all his ability and power, his time and focus could only be fully concentrated either north or south of the Alps, where the bulk of his resources lay.
863:. Frederick had returned to Germany in 1212 from Sicily, where he had grown up, and was elected king in 1215. When Otto died in 1218, Frederick became the undisputed ruler, and in 1220 was crowned
1117:
to the emperor. Colonization of the east also continued in the thirteenth century, most notably through the efforts of the Teutonic Knights. German merchants also began trading extensively on the
617:. A civil war between Frederick's dynasty and Lothair's ended with Frederick's submission in 1134. After Lothair's death in 1137, Frederick's brother Conrad was elected King as Conrad III.
1008:
set Frederick as perhaps the supreme lawgiver of the Middle Ages. The Constitutions drew upon decades of Siculo-Norman governmental tradition stretching back to his maternal grandfather,
1090:
on 26 February 1266. The king himself, refusing to flee, rushed into the midst of his enemies and was killed. Conradin's campaign to retake control ended with his defeat in 1268 at the
818:
in 1189 and 1194 respectively, a source of vast wealth. Henry failed to make royal and Imperial succession hereditary, but in 1196 he succeeded in gaining a pledge that his infant son
855:
initially had supported the Welfs, but when Otto, now sole elected monarch, moved to appropriate Sicily, Innocent changed sides and accepted young Frederick II and his ally, King
378:
by historians only in the 19th century to distinguish it from other castles of the same name. The name of the dynasty followed suit, but in recent decades, the trend in German
407:'. This term was commonly applied to conical hills in Swabia during the Middle Ages. It is a contemporary term for both the hill and the castle, although its spelling in the
693:
to find the finances needed to restore the king's power in Germany. He was soon crowned emperor in Italy, but decades of warfare on the peninsula yielded scant results. The
743:, and gave them greater importance. It was also during this period that castles and courts replaced monasteries as centers of culture. Growing out of this courtly culture,
601:, the two current male Staufers, by their mother Agnes, were grandsons of late Emperor Henry IV and nephews of Henry V. Frederick attempted to succeed to the throne of the
1102:. With Conradin, the direct line of the Dukes of Swabia finally ceased to exist, though most of the later emperors were descended from the Staufer dynasty indirectly.
6251:
5138:
550:. Nothing is known about Frederick's life before this event, but he proved to be an imperial ally throughout Henry's struggles against other Swabian lords, namely
1082:
king. Charles had been promised by the popes the Kingdom of Sicily, where he would replace the relatives of Frederick II. Charles had defeated Conradin's uncle
6241:
701:
in northern Italy were traditional enemies, but the fear of Imperial domination caused them to join ranks to fight Frederick. Under the skilled leadership of
5070:
descendant of the family. In fact, the last patrilineal descendant was Henry's first cousin once removed, Giovanna di Stevia (1280 – 1352), a daughter of
1018:
and ruled as an absolute monarch. The Constitutions have been regarded as perhaps the “birth certificate” of the modern continental European state.
6276:
5336:
887:
6001:
577:
were named the king's representatives in Germany when the king was in Italy. Around 1120, Frederick II married Judith of Bavaria from the rival
5648:
452:). The exact connection between the family and Waiblingen is not clear, but as a name for the family, it became very popular. The pro-imperial
5191:
1149:
689:
under his Salian predecessors. As royal access to the resources of the church in Germany was much reduced, Frederick was forced to go to
5027:
The earliest depictions of the Staufer arms show a single lion; for a short time augmented to two lions, and after 1196 three lions or
923:
emperor had to be approved by the princes. These provisions not withstanding, royal power in Germany remained strong under Frederick.
870:
Philip changed the coat of arms from a black lion on a gold shield to three leopards, probably derived from the arms of his Welf rival
902:
better political laboratories, more conducive to Frederick’s remarkable brand of innovation and absolutist tendencies. He founded the
6256:
2347:
831:
Because the election of a three-year-old boy to be German king appeared likely to make orderly rule difficult, the boy's uncle, Duke
674:. When King Conrad III died without adult heir in 1152, Frederick also succeeded him, taking both German royal and Imperial titles.
1288:
The first ruling Hohenstaufen, Conrad III, like the last one, Conrad IV, was never crowned emperor. After a 20-year period (Great
6246:
4641:
2313:
5288:
5973:
5847:
5795:
5770:
5751:
5732:
5617:
5590:
5517:
5486:
5437:
4611:
3200:
2284:
1041:, Frederick’s eldest surviving legitimate son and heir, enjoyed a strong position. However after Conrad’s death in 1254, The
713:
in 1180, but his hopes of restoring the power and prestige of the monarchy seemed unlikely to be met by the end of his life.
17:
5196:
964:
2889:
2432:
1683:
1386:
307:
5994:
3301:
1848:
4986:
1148:
On October 29, 1968, the 700th anniversary of the death of Konradin, a society known as "Society for Staufer History" (
5298:
3724:
724:
5708:
Arnold, Benjamin (2000). "Emperor Frederick II (1194–1250) and the political particularism of the German princes".
5671:
5062:
4944:
4331:
3284:
2613:
2148:
1820:
1466:
1354:
1269:
819:
299:
5894:
6271:
3254:
1833:
1420:
1316:
1251:
682:
671:
640:
614:
291:
6286:
5987:
5374:
5356:
4706:
2509:
2293:
2264:
2143:
2086:
2021:
1867:
1828:
1701:
1232:
968:
6075:
1188:
909:
31:
2843:
777:
330:. Under Hohenstaufen rule, the Holy Roman Empire reached its greatest territorial extent from 1155 to 1268.
6266:
4024:
3688:
3671:
3357:
3213:
2902:
2044:
2026:
1881:
1673:
1445:
1433:
1414:
1348:
1322:
1257:
803:
594:
570:
540:
496:
family. A local count Frederick (d. about 1075) is mentioned as progenitor in a pedigree drawn up by Abbot
472:
295:
5947:
5505:
Die Staufer: Eine mittelalterliche Herrscherdynastie - Bd. 1: Aufstieg und Machtentfaltung (975 bis 1190)
5003:
3942:
3652:
2583:
2061:
2011:
1569:
1439:
1404:
871:
840:
782:
690:
590:
528:
84:
5407:
Ein Tag auf Hohenstaufen Oder die schwäbischen Pilger: Eine kleine dramatische Skizze für Familienkreise
546:
At the same time, Duke Frederick I was engaged to the king's approximately seventeen-year-old daughter,
456:
faction of the Italian civic rivalries of the 13th and 14th centuries derived its name from Waiblingen.
6135:
5478:
Agnes von Waiblingen - Stammmutter der Staufer und Babenberger-Herzöge: Eine mittelalterliche Biografie
5368:
5166:
4050:
2036:
1038:
989:
811:
6261:
5953:
4260:
3983:
3741:
3705:
2550:
2069:
2053:
1451:
940:
311:
5814:
SDie Hinrichtung Konradins von Hohenstaufen – Reaktionen der Zeitgenossen und Rezeption der Nachwelt
5161:
4367:
4305:
2854:
2352:
2327:
2170:
1160:
266:
5453:
6281:
6185:
6030:
5317:
Deutsch: Mitteleuropa zur Zeit der StauferEnglish: Central Europe at the time of the Hohenstaufen
5207:
5058:
5008:
3996:
2337:
1083:
686:
359:
319:
279:
367:
6070:
5559:"Der Mythos der Staufer - eine schwäbische Königsdynastie wird erinnert und instrumentalisiert"
5133:
5040:
4624:
3320:
2269:
1479:
1360:
1275:
1216:
1001:
6205:
5837:
1142:
670:
Conrad's brother Duke Frederick II died in 1147, and was succeeded in Swabia by his son, Duke
6236:
6035:
5476:
5405:
5116:
2943:
2486:
2077:
1706:
1310:
1245:
1091:
1004:
promulgated in 1231 in the Kingdom of Sicily. The sophistication of the Constitutions or the
952:
598:
574:
551:
418:
1532:
735:
dynasty. With the German colonization, the Empire increased in size and came to include the
555:
505:
115:
6170:
5075:
4654:
3631:
2960:
2535:
2321:
2298:
1723:
1488:
1368:
1281:
1047:
903:
898:
644:
563:
471:
The origin remains unclear, however, Staufer counts are mentioned in a document of emperor
397:
94:
5662:
5225:
8:
6080:
4394:
4318:
4292:
3241:
2930:
2438:
2175:
2165:
1889:
1815:
1718:
1578:
1207:
Family tree of the Hohenstaufen emperors including their relation to succeeding dynasties
1176:
1171:
1164:
1087:
856:
656:
573:, in 1105. Frederick II remained a close ally of the Salians, he and his younger brother
445:
375:
370:) from the village of the same name in the valley below. The new name was applied to the
343:
315:
5533:
1037:
By the time of Frederick's death in 1250, the crown in Germany was still formidable and
6190:
6180:
6155:
6060:
6055:
6050:
5690:
5642:
4693:
4344:
4037:
3968:
3955:
3271:
2522:
1472:
1426:
1114:
1106:
1009:
864:
860:
843:. A long civil war began; Philip was about to win when he was murdered by the Bavarian
744:
740:
736:
702:
606:
602:
520:
500:
at the behest of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa in 1153. He held the office of a Swabian
303:
162:
147:
6215:
6140:
6130:
6125:
5843:
5791:
5613:
5586:
5513:
5509:
5482:
5433:
5330:
5294:
5071:
1380:
1079:
1042:
1030:
852:
815:
814:, and deaths in his wife's family gave him claim of succession and possession of the
787:
425:
283:
172:
157:
89:
79:
5558:
1025:
350:
The name Hohenstaufen was first used in the 14th century to distinguish the 'high' (
6160:
6150:
6120:
6105:
5680:
5045:
3601:
2600:
2091:
1457:
1263:
1181:
1105:
The last member of the dynasty was Manfred's son, Henry , who died in captivity at
1075:
960:
956:
832:
792:
728:
710:
636:
547:
488:
437:
244:
238:
197:
167:
6210:
6200:
6165:
6065:
5785:
5607:
5580:
5503:
5427:
5230:
5028:
4279:
1192:
1163:
which was built during the 1240s by the Emperor Frederick II was designated as a
1071:
994:
976:
972:
732:
632:
628:
624:
610:
484:
390:
275:
74:
5211:
6195:
6110:
6095:
6040:
5067:
3588:
3335:
3181:
2104:
1872:
1582:
1219:(dated 1216) shows him as a mounted knight with a shield and banner displaying
844:
836:
765:
706:
698:
660:
648:
536:
532:
501:
408:
379:
152:
137:
1334:
382:
has been to prefer the name 'Staufer', which is closer to contemporary usage.
6230:
6100:
6014:
5942:
5171:
2496:
2180:
1118:
1067:
944:
883:
799:
621:
593:, died without heirs in 1125, a controversy arose about the succession. Duke
578:
559:
492:
142:
5363:. Rome: Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana. Translated by Maria Paola Arena
935:
480:
400:
338:
6175:
6085:
5078:, also an illegitimate son of Frederick II (as referenced in source n. 26).
694:
363:
355:
323:
314:. The non-contemporary name of 'Hohenstaufen' is derived from the family's
1399:
Note: Some of the following dukes are already listed above as German Kings
1343:
Note: Some of the following kings are already listed above as German Kings
1195:) in Germany, France, Italy, Austria, Czech Republic and the Netherlands.
1153:
971:. The power struggle with the popes continued and resulted in Frederick's
739:. A quickening economic life in Germany increased the number of towns and
327:
50:
6090:
1289:
1113:
degree of independence, but many were subordinate to local rulers if not
1014:
983:
928:
848:
719:
524:
371:
287:
5979:
1062:
Conrad IV was succeeded as duke of Swabia by his only son, two-year-old
5898:
5884:
Cronica Fratris Salimbene di Adam, Ordinis Minorem, MGH SS XXXII p. 349
5812:
5694:
1180:
depicting in great detail the history of the House of Hohenstaufen, in
453:
441:
5315:
5263:
448:
referred to the Staufer as of the "royal lineage of the Waiblingens" (
6045:
6025:
1227:)as the Hohenstaufen coat of arms; the three lions (later shown just
1211:
1145:
was erected to commemorate Frederick I, and was inaugurated in 1896.
1051:
748:
664:
516:
1129:
5685:
5666:
4949:
4895:
4711:
2618:
2413:
1497:
1374:
1293:
1284:, king 1237–1254 (until 1250 under his father Emperor Frederick II)
1095:
1063:
963:
lands. A reconciliation with the Welfs took place in 1235, whereby
759:
125:
1305:
Note: The following kings are already listed above as German Kings
1203:
1094:, after which he was handed over to Charles, who had him publicly
6115:
6010:
5941:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
5920:
5839:
Sicily: Three Thousand Years of Human History - 7 - Hohenstaufens
781:
Emperor Frederick Barbarossa and his sons King Henry VI and Duke
753:
404:
5875:
Matthew of Paris, Mon. Germ. Hist. Scriptores XXVIII pp. 360-361
5968:
5201:
1099:
652:
497:
5265:
Die Staufer - Ursprung und Aufstieg eines Herrschergeschlechts
1239:
227:
806:. Elected king even before his father's death, Henry went to
274:, was a noble family of unclear origin that rose to rule the
253:
221:
967:, grandson of the late Saxon duke Henry the Lion, was named
723:. In 1163 Frederick waged a successful campaign against the
290:
from 1138 until 1254. The dynasty's most prominent rulers –
5635:
Geschichte Württembergs Erster Band Erste Hälfte (bis 1268)
5098:
1504:
1134:
807:
209:
206:
5739:
569:
Upon Frederick's death, he was succeeded by his son, Duke
215:
589:
When the last male member of the Salian dynasty, Emperor
417:, etc. The castle was built or at least acquired by Duke
5758:
5720:
5139:
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
1278:, king 1220–1235 (under his father Emperor Frederick II)
886:
had irrevocably weakened the Imperial authority and the
747:
literature reached its peak in lyrical love poetry, the
459:
In Italian historiography, the Staufer are known as the
5354:
5261:
4985:
For further detailed dynastic relationships, see also
1000:
Frederick II’s most profound legal legacy remains the
1198:
1187:
From 2000 to 2018, the Committee of Staufer Friends (
247:
224:
212:
562:
lords. Frederick's brother Otto was elevated to the
436:(Staufer house), but this was an isolated instance.
412:
250:
218:
5403:
955:, Frederick had assigned the military order of the
203:
200:
5582:The Two Cities: Medieval Europe 1050–1320 - pp 198
5112:
5110:
1033:at its greatest extent under Emperor Frederick II.
440:(d. 1158) associated the Staufer with the town of
5897:(in German). Lorch: Kloster Lorch. Archived from
882:The conflict between the Staufer dynasty and the
475:in 987 as descendants of counts of the region of
6252:1260s disestablishments in the Holy Roman Empire
6228:
5501:
609:) through a customary election, but lost to the
5835:
5474:
5132:
5107:
959:to complete the conquest and conversion of the
5783:
5750:sfn error: no target: CITEREFKantorowicz1937 (
5605:
5578:
5121:History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages
6242:1070s establishments in the Holy Roman Empire
5995:
5810:
5454:"Sighardinger (Sieghardinger, Sigehardinger)"
5421:
5419:
5417:
5392:Frederick Barbarossa: The Prince and the Myth
5123:. Vol. 5, Part 2, Cambridge University Press.
1057:
5829:
5777:
5769:sfn error: no target: CITEREFVan_Cleve1972 (
5731:sfn error: no target: CITEREFVan_Cleve1972 (
5481:. Tectum Wissenschaftsverlag. pp. 74–.
5335:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
5262:Thomas Oliver Schindler (20 February 2003).
1515:Simplified Hohenstaufen Dynasty family tree
424:Members of the family occasionally used the
5745:
5599:
5495:
5468:
5425:
1240:Holy Roman Emperors and Kings of the Romans
411:documents of the time varies considerably:
6002:
5988:
5647:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
5572:
5414:
5397:
2459:Detailed Hohenstaufen Dynasty family tree
49:
27:Medieval German royal and imperial dynasty
6009:
5764:
5726:
5684:
1363:1212–1217 (nominal king under his father)
1191:) has built thirty-eight Staufer steles (
414:Sthouf, Stophe, Stophen, Stoyphe, Estufin
5667:"Emperor Frederick II., The Hohenstaufe"
5386:
5384:
5314:rev, Droysen/Andrée; Th Lindner (1886),
1505:Family tree of the House of Hohenstaufen
1423:(Frederick III of Swabia)(r. 1147–1152)
1333:
1210:
1202:
1128:
1024:
982:
934:
776:
421:in the latter half of the 11th century.
337:
6277:Noble families of the Holy Roman Empire
5534:"Hohenstaufen dynasty | German dynasty"
5394:(Yale University Press, 2016), pp. 5–6.
5293:. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
677:
385:The name 'Staufen' itself derives from
14:
6229:
5707:
5661:
5632:
5556:
5290:A History of the Middle Ages, 300–1500
5286:
5257:
5255:
5253:
5251:
5249:
5099:Albrecht Rieber; Karl Reutter (1974).
2479:- Hohenstaufen (1138–1208; 1215–1254)
751:, and in narrative epic poems such as
697:and the prosperous city-states of the
5983:
5609:The Norman Kingdom of Sicily - p. 290
5429:Friedrich Barbarossa: Eine Biographie
5381:
5350:
5348:
5346:
4963:
4943:
4941:
4939:
4937:
4935:
4933:
4931:
4929:
4927:
4925:
4923:
4921:
4919:
4917:
4915:
4913:
4911:
4909:
4894:
4892:
4890:
4888:
4886:
4884:
4882:
4880:
4878:
4876:
4874:
4872:
4870:
4868:
4866:
4864:
4862:
4860:
4858:
4856:
4854:
4834:
4832:
4820:
4818:
4816:
4814:
4812:
4810:
4808:
4806:
4804:
4802:
4800:
4798:
4796:
4794:
4792:
4780:
4778:
4776:
4774:
4772:
4770:
4768:
4766:
4764:
4762:
4760:
4758:
4756:
4754:
4752:
4750:
4748:
4746:
4744:
4742:
4740:
4724:
4705:
4692:
4690:
4681:
4679:
4672:
4670:
4653:
4640:
4638:
4623:
4610:
4608:
4606:
4604:
4602:
4600:
4598:
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4213:
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4171:
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4023:
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4014:
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3995:
3982:
3967:
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3809:
3807:
3805:
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3799:
3781:
3779:
3777:
3771:
3755:
3740:
3738:
3723:
3704:
3687:
3685:
3670:
3651:
3649:
3630:
3621:
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3600:
3587:
3585:
3583:
3577:
3485:
3483:
3409:
3407:
3405:
3403:
3401:
3389:
3371:
3356:
3354:
3334:
3332:
3319:
3317:
3300:
3298:
3283:
3253:
3240:
3238:
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3212:
3210:
3199:
3180:
3106:
3104:
3084:
3056:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3020:
3018:
3016:
3014:
3002:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2972:
2970:
2959:
2942:
2929:
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2918:
2901:
2888:
2886:
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2882:
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2876:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2853:
2842:
2772:
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2768:
2766:
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2762:
2760:
2758:
2756:
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2720:
2718:
2716:
2682:
2670:
2654:
2652:
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2648:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2636:
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2632:
2630:
2612:
2599:
2582:
2580:
2578:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2549:
2547:
2534:
2508:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2423:
2421:
2412:
2410:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2398:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2380:
2374:
2372:
2370:
2368:
2366:
2345:
2336:
2334:
2320:
2318:
2291:
2289:
2262:
2224:
2190:
2163:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2127:
2121:
2119:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2084:
2082:
2068:
2066:
2052:
2050:
2043:
2041:
2019:
2017:
2010:
1952:
1902:
1880:
1878:
1865:
1863:
1856:
1847:
1845:
1826:
1813:
1787:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1716:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1681:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1632:
1600:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1577:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1554:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1540:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1523:
265:
5502:Wolfgang Stürner (30 October 2019).
1272:, king 1208–1250, emperor after 1220
1260:, king 1190–1197, emperor after 1191
1254:, king 1152–1190, emperor after 1155
798:Frederick died in 1190 while on the
641:Leopold IV, Margrave of Austria
584:
5842:. Steerforth Press. pp. 292–.
5550:
5313:
5246:
987:Frederick II with his falcon, from
826:
554:, Frederick's predecessor, and the
24:
5343:
4987:Family tree of the German monarchs
1393:
1329:
1231:) would later become known as the
1199:Members of the Hohenstaufen family
890:became the base for Staufer rule.
877:
810:to be crowned emperor. He married
25:
6298:
5961:
5836:Sandra Benjamin (20 April 2010).
5811:Lukas Strehle (19 October 2011).
5287:Riddle, John M. (13 March 2008).
5039:is attested in 1220. The seal of
1299:
907:German princes to promulgate the
6257:1268 disestablishments in Europe
5967:
5936:
5787:Frederick II: A Medieval Emperor
5672:The American Journal of Theology
5579:Malcolm Barber (2 August 2004).
5426:Knut Görich (22 November 2011).
5355:Hansmartin Schwarzmaier (2005).
2292:
2263:
2142:
2085:
2020:
1866:
1827:
1821:Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy
1700:
1467:Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
859:, who defeated Otto at the 1214
243:
196:
5913:
5887:
5878:
5869:
5856:
5804:
5701:
5655:
5633:Stälin, Paul Friedrich (1882).
5626:
5606:Donald Matthew (30 July 1992).
5526:
5475:Wilhelm Muschka (22 May 2012).
5446:
5307:
5052:
1421:Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor
1338:Arms of the Hohenstaufen Sicily
893:
322:at the northern fringes of the
5612:. Cambridge University Press.
5280:
5231:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
5218:
5185:
5154:
5126:
5092:
5021:
969:Duke of Brunswick and Lüneburg
802:and was succeeded by his son,
535:at Hohenstaufen Castle by the
13:
1:
6247:1079 establishments in Europe
5142:(5th ed.). HarperCollins
5085:
5043:(1216) shows three leopards (
910:Statutum in favorem principum
655:, and he agreed to join King
509:
56:
32:Hohenstaufen (disambiguation)
5921:"Was ist eine Stauferstele?"
5866:, Varese, Dell'Oglio, 1966).
5404:Adelbert von Keller (1823).
1446:Frederick VI, Duke of Swabia
1434:Frederick IV, Duke of Swabia
1415:Frederick II, Duke of Swabia
1225:three lions passant guardant
812:Princess Constance of Sicily
515:–1053) married Hildegard of
7:
5790:. Oxford University Press.
5710:Journal of Medieval History
5004:Dukes of Swabia family tree
4997:
2062:Margaret, Countess of Blois
1852:count palatine of the Rhine
1440:Frederick V, Duke of Swabia
1405:Frederick I, Duke of Swabia
772:
727:in order to re-install the
450:regia stirps Waiblingensium
10:
6303:
5637:. Gotha. pp. 389–393.
5373:: CS1 maint: postscript (
5167:Collins English Dictionary
2280:III King of Sicily, Italy,
2037:Constance, Queen of Sicily
1058:End of the Staufer dynasty
990:De arte venandi cum avibus
487:, who were related to the
466:
29:
6021:
5954:Federal Research Division
5361:Enciclopedia fridericiana
5103:(in German). p. 204.
4848:
4846:
4842:
4830:
4826:
4790:
4786:
4728:
4703:
4651:
4621:
4580:
4578:
4576:
4568:
4566:
4564:
4556:
4536:
4532:
4526:
4514:
4510:
4504:
4488:
4484:
4438:
4436:
4430:
4428:
4426:
4424:
4418:
4416:
4391:
4389:
4364:
4362:
4356:
4354:
4328:
4302:
4276:
4253:
4251:
4249:
4247:
4245:
4243:
4241:
4233:
4225:
4223:
4221:
4193:
4189:
4187:
4185:
4183:
4181:
4179:
4177:
4169:
4165:
4137:
4133:
4127:
4105:
4103:
4047:
3993:
3980:
3978:
3965:
3935:
3933:
3931:
3925:
3923:
3921:
3915:
3913:
3911:
3909:
3907:
3905:
3903:
3897:
3895:
3893:
3885:
3879:
3859:
3855:
3853:
3851:
3849:
3847:
3845:
3843:
3841:
3839:
3837:
3835:
3833:
3831:
3825:
3823:
3821:
3819:
3817:
3797:
3793:
3787:
3775:
3773:
3767:
3765:
3763:
3721:
3702:
3668:
3666:
3628:
3598:
3581:
3579:
3571:
3569:
3567:
3565:
3563:
3561:
3559:
3553:
3551:
3549:
3547:
3545:
3543:
3541:
3535:
3529:
3523:
3521:
3519:
3517:
3515:
3513:
3511:
3505:
3503:
3501:
3493:
3481:
3477:
3475:
3473:
3471:
3469:
3467:
3465:
3463:
3461:
3459:
3457:
3455:
3453:
3451:
3449:
3447:
3445:
3439:
3437:
3435:
3433:
3431:
3429:
3427:
3425:
3423:
3421:
3419:
3417:
3415:
3399:
3395:
3381:
3379:
3281:
3251:
3229:
3197:
3174:
3172:
3170:
3164:
3162:
3158:
3156:
3154:
3148:
3146:
3144:
3142:
3140:
3138:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3128:
3126:
3124:
3122:
3114:
3102:
3098:
3096:
3094:
3092:
3090:
3082:
3078:
3076:
3074:
3072:
3070:
3068:
3066:
3064:
3062:
3054:
3050:
3044:
3042:
3040:
3038:
3036:
3012:
3008:
2994:
2957:
2940:
2916:
2899:
2851:
2836:
2834:
2832:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2818:
2816:
2808:
2806:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2798:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2780:
2752:
2748:
2746:
2744:
2742:
2740:
2738:
2736:
2734:
2732:
2726:
2714:
2710:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2692:
2690:
2688:
2680:
2676:
2666:
2610:
2597:
2532:
2396:
2394:
2378:
2376:
2362:
2343:
2256:
2254:
2252:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2222:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2200:
2198:
2196:
2186:
2161:
2125:
2123:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1950:
1946:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1912:
1910:
1908:
1898:
1896:
1854:
1824:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1785:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1757:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1731:
1729:
1714:
1679:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1630:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1602:
1588:
1575:
1552:
1550:
1452:Conrad II, Duke of Swabia
1124:
523:(d. 1094/95), a niece of
180:
131:
121:
111:
103:
67:
48:
39:
5357:"Hohenstaufen, famiglia"
5074:, and grand-daughter of
5014:
2328:John III Doukas Vatatzes
2171:Isabella II of Jerusalem
1861:2.Irmengard of Henneberg
1859:Gottfried I of Sponheim)
1161:Castel del Monte, Apulia
1070:(Jacques Pantaléon) and
888:Norman kingdom of Sicily
643:. In 1147, Conrad heard
267:[ˌhoːənˈʃtaʊfn̩]
5784:David Abulafia (1992).
5538:Encyclopedia Britannica
5410:. Schwan. pp. 55–.
5208:Oxford University Press
5101:Die Pfalzkapelle in Ulm
5009:Guelphs and Ghibellines
2469:The colors denotes the
1137:, Czech Republic (2013)
1084:Manfred, King of Sicily
687:Investiture Controversy
605:(formally known as the
333:
6272:Italian noble families
5117:Gregorovius, Ferdinand
5041:Henry (VII) of Germany
1687:2.Agnes of Saarbrücken
1480:Henry (VII) of Germany
1339:
1292:1254–1273), the first
1236:
1208:
1138:
1034:
1002:Constitutions of Melfi
997:
948:
795:
615:Lothair of Supplinburg
413:
347:
306:and also reigned over
302:(1220) – ascended the
6287:Sicilian royal houses
5456:. Deutsche Biographie
5204:UK English Dictionary
5061:was himself a son of
2417:II as king of Sicily,
2309:III as duke of Swabia
2159:VII as duke of Swabia
2078:Berengaria of Castile
1843:III as duke of Swabia
1337:
1214:
1206:
1132:
1092:Battle of Tagliacozzo
1028:
986:
953:Golden Bull of Rimini
938:
783:Frederick V of Swabia
780:
552:Rudolf of Rheinfelden
419:Frederick I of Swabia
341:
320:Hohenstaufen mountain
270:), also known as the
18:House of Hohenstaufen
6076:Bourbon-Two Sicilies
5976:at Wikimedia Commons
5974:Hohenstaufen Dynasty
5076:Frederick of Antioch
2473:from the Houses of:
2419:IV as duke of Swabia
2314:Elisabeth of Bavaria
2307:I as king of Sicily,
2157:I as king of Sicily,
1724:Gertrude of Sulzbach
1252:Frederick Barbarossa
1233:Swabian coat of arms
1109:on 31 October 1318.
904:University of Naples
899:Emperor Frederick II
678:Frederick Barbarossa
645:Bernard of Clairvaux
564:Strasbourg bishopric
398:Early Modern English
366:(in the district of
95:Kingdom of Jerusalem
30:For other uses, see
6267:Holy Roman Emperors
5901:on 27 December 2012
2439:Peter III of Aragon
2285:Margaret of Austria
2176:Isabella of England
2166:Constance of Aragon
1890:Gertrude of Bavaria
1816:Adelaide of Vohburg
1719:Gertrude of Comburg
1579:Agnes of Waiblingen
1498:Conrad V (Conradin)
1170:The German artist,
1165:World Heritage Site
1143:Kyffhäuser Monument
1133:A Staufer stele in
1088:Battle of Benevento
1078:, a brother of the
1048:Rudolph of Habsburg
857:Philip II of France
657:Louis VII of France
541:Henry IV of Germany
446:Burchard of Ursberg
444:, and around 1230,
344:Hohenstaufen Castle
326:, near the town of
316:Hohenstaufen Castle
5895:"Staufer-Rundbild"
2278:II duke of Swabia,
1876:co-king of Germany
1533:Frederick of Büren
1473:Holy Roman Emperor
1427:Holy Roman Emperor
1340:
1296:was elected king.
1237:
1217:Henry II of Swabia
1209:
1139:
1074:(Guy Folques), by
1035:
1010:Roger II of Sicily
998:
975:in 1227. In 1239,
949:
865:Holy Roman Emperor
861:Battle of Bouvines
796:
745:Middle High German
737:Duchy of Pomerania
703:Pope Alexander III
607:King of the Romans
603:Holy Roman Emperor
506:Frederick of Büren
498:Wibald of Stavelot
348:
278:from 1079, and to
163:King of the Romans
148:Holy Roman Emperor
116:Frederick of Büren
6224:
6223:
6136:Habsburg-Lorraine
5972:Media related to
5862:(Carrara, Mario.
5849:978-1-58642-181-6
5797:978-0-19-508040-7
5619:978-0-521-26911-7
5592:978-1-134-68751-0
5519:978-3-17-035365-7
5510:Kohlhammer Verlag
5488:978-3-8288-5539-7
5439:978-3-406-62149-9
5369:cite encyclopedia
5234:. Merriam-Webster
5059:Manfred of Sicily
4995:
4994:
4969:
4968:
4961:
4907:
4722:
4701:
4688:
4677:
4668:
4649:
4636:
4619:
4402:
4379:
4352:
4326:
4313:
4300:
4287:
4274:
4089:
4080:
4071:
4062:
4045:
4019:
4010:
3991:
3976:
3963:
3753:
3736:
3719:
3700:
3683:
3664:
3647:
3636:
3626:
3617:
3606:
3596:
3369:
3351:
3340:
3330:
3315:
3296:
3279:
3259:
3249:
3236:
3227:
3208:
3195:
3186:
2968:
2955:
2938:
2925:
2914:
2897:
2868:
2859:
2849:
2628:
2608:
2595:
2562:
2545:
2530:
2504:
2503:
2451:
2450:
2447:
2446:
2441:
2356:Angelina Doukaina
2348:Beatrice of Savoy
2332:
2316:
2287:
2107:
2080:
2064:
2057:count of Burgundy
2039:
1892:
1684:Judith of Bavaria
1471:King in 1212 and
1425:King in 1152 and
1389:(Queen) 1282–1285
1152:) was founded in
1043:Great Interregnum
1031:Holy Roman Empire
853:Pope Innocent III
816:Kingdom of Sicily
788:Historia Welforum
725:Kingdom of Poland
585:Ruling in Germany
426:toponymic surname
284:Holy Roman Empire
188:
187:
173:Count of Burgundy
158:King of Jerusalem
90:Kingdom of Sicily
80:Holy Roman Empire
16:(Redirected from
6294:
6262:Kings in Germany
6004:
5997:
5990:
5981:
5980:
5971:
5957:
5940:
5939:
5929:
5928:
5917:
5911:
5910:
5908:
5906:
5891:
5885:
5882:
5876:
5873:
5867:
5860:
5854:
5853:
5833:
5827:
5826:
5824:
5822:
5808:
5802:
5801:
5781:
5775:
5774:
5762:
5756:
5755:
5746:Kantorowicz 1937
5743:
5737:
5736:
5724:
5718:
5717:
5705:
5699:
5698:
5688:
5659:
5653:
5652:
5646:
5638:
5630:
5624:
5623:
5603:
5597:
5596:
5576:
5570:
5569:
5567:
5565:
5554:
5548:
5547:
5545:
5544:
5530:
5524:
5523:
5499:
5493:
5492:
5472:
5466:
5465:
5463:
5461:
5450:
5444:
5443:
5423:
5412:
5411:
5401:
5395:
5388:
5379:
5378:
5372:
5364:
5352:
5341:
5340:
5334:
5326:
5325:
5324:
5311:
5305:
5304:
5284:
5278:
5277:
5275:
5273:
5259:
5244:
5243:
5241:
5239:
5222:
5216:
5215:
5210:. Archived from
5189:
5183:
5182:
5180:
5178:
5158:
5152:
5151:
5149:
5147:
5130:
5124:
5114:
5105:
5104:
5096:
5079:
5056:
5050:
5046:passant guardant
5025:
4948:
4899:
4710:
4697:
4686:
4675:
4657:
4645:
4628:
4615:
4398:
4371:
4335:
4322:
4309:
4296:
4283:
4264:
4087:
4078:
4069:
4054:
4028:
4017:
4002:
3987:
3972:
3946:
3745:
3729:Css. of Burgundy
3728:
3709:
3693:Css. of Burgundy
3692:
3675:
3656:
3639:
3634:
3624:
3609:
3604:
3594:
3361:
3343:
3338:
3324:
3305:
3289:Css. of Burgundy
3288:
3262:
3257:
3245:
3234:
3217:
3204:
3189:
3184:
2964:
2947:
2934:
2921:
2906:
2893:
2862:
2857:
2847:
2617:
2604:
2587:
2554:
2539:
2513:
2506:
2505:
2494:
2484:
2478:
2465:
2464:
2456:
2455:
2436:
2325:
2322:(Constance) Anna
2311:
2296:
2282:
2267:
2146:
2102:
2089:
2075:
2059:
2034:
2024:
1887:
1870:
1831:
1704:
1521:
1520:
1512:
1511:
1482:(r. 1216–1235),
1458:Philip of Swabia
1411:) (r. 1079–1105)
1266:, king 1198–1208
1264:Philip of Swabia
1248:, king 1138–1152
1177:Staufer-Rundbild
1076:Charles of Anjou
1006:Liber Augustalis
957:Teutonic Knights
947:, Apulia, Italy.
941:Castel del Monte
833:Philip of Swabia
827:Philip of Swabia
793:Weingarten Abbey
514:
511:
438:Otto of Freising
434:domus Stoffensis
416:
269:
264:
260:
259:
256:
255:
252:
249:
242:
234:
233:
230:
229:
226:
223:
220:
217:
214:
211:
208:
205:
202:
168:King of Burgundy
85:Kingdom of Italy
61:
58:
53:
37:
36:
21:
6302:
6301:
6297:
6296:
6295:
6293:
6292:
6291:
6227:
6226:
6225:
6220:
6017:
6008:
5964:
5949:Country Studies
5946:
5937:
5933:
5932:
5919:
5918:
5914:
5904:
5902:
5893:
5892:
5888:
5883:
5879:
5874:
5870:
5861:
5857:
5850:
5834:
5830:
5820:
5818:
5809:
5805:
5798:
5782:
5778:
5768:
5763:
5759:
5749:
5744:
5740:
5730:
5725:
5721:
5706:
5702:
5663:Köhler, Walther
5660:
5656:
5640:
5639:
5631:
5627:
5620:
5604:
5600:
5593:
5577:
5573:
5563:
5561:
5555:
5551:
5542:
5540:
5532:
5531:
5527:
5520:
5500:
5496:
5489:
5473:
5469:
5459:
5457:
5452:
5451:
5447:
5440:
5424:
5415:
5402:
5398:
5390:John B. Freed,
5389:
5382:
5366:
5365:
5353:
5344:
5328:
5327:
5322:
5320:
5312:
5308:
5301:
5285:
5281:
5271:
5269:
5260:
5247:
5237:
5235:
5224:
5223:
5219:
5195:
5190:
5186:
5176:
5174:
5160:
5159:
5155:
5145:
5143:
5131:
5127:
5115:
5108:
5097:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5082:
5057:
5053:
5031:. The tincture
5026:
5022:
5017:
5000:
4983:
4978:
4957:
4955:
4953:
4947:
4903:
4901:
4900:K. of Jerusalem
4898:
4718:
4716:
4714:
4709:
4699:
4696:
4685:
4683:
4674:
4664:
4662:
4661:King of Germany
4660:
4658:
4647:
4644:
4632:
4630:
4629:King of Germany
4627:
4617:
4614:
4400:
4397:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4347:
4343:
4339:
4337:
4336:King of Germany
4334:
4324:
4321:
4311:
4310:King of Castile
4308:
4298:
4295:
4285:
4282:
4270:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4086:
4077:
4068:
4058:
4056:
4055:Queen of Sicily
4053:
4040:
4036:
4032:
4030:
4029:King of Germany
4027:
4016:
4006:
4004:
4003:King of Bohemia
4001:
3998:
3989:
3986:
3974:
3971:
3958:
3954:
3950:
3948:
3947:King of Germany
3945:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3715:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3633:
3623:
3613:
3611:
3610:King of Germany
3608:
3603:
3593:
3590:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3347:
3345:
3344:King of Germany
3342:
3337:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3311:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3274:
3270:
3266:
3264:
3263:King of Germany
3261:
3256:
3247:
3244:
3233:
3223:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3206:
3203:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3183:
2966:
2963:
2951:
2949:
2948:King of Germany
2946:
2936:
2933:
2923:
2920:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2895:
2892:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2856:
2846:
2624:
2622:
2616:
2606:
2603:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2558:
2556:
2555:Duke of Bavaria
2553:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2515:
2514:King of Germany
2512:
2492:
2482:
2476:
2453:
2435:
2418:
2416:
2357:
2355:
2350:
2340:
2330:
2324:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2303:king of Germany
2301:
2297:
2281:
2279:
2277:
2274:king of Germany
2272:
2268:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2158:
2156:
2153:king of Germany
2151:
2147:
2101:
2099:
2096:king of Germany
2094:
2090:
2074:
2072:
2058:
2056:
2047:
2033:
2031:king of Germany
2029:
2025:
2014:
1886:
1884:
1875:
1871:
1860:
1858:
1851:
1842:
1839:king of Germany
1837:
1832:
1818:
1721:
1711:king of Germany
1709:
1705:
1686:
1676:
1581:
1572:
1509:
1507:
1491:(r. 1235–1254)
1469:(r. 1212–1216)
1460:(r. 1196–1208)
1396:
1394:Dukes of Swabia
1332:
1330:Kings of Sicily
1302:
1242:
1201:
1182:Lorch Monastery
1127:
1107:Castel dell'Ovo
1072:Pope Clement IV
1060:
995:Vatican Library
977:Pope Gregory IX
973:excommunication
896:
880:
878:Ruling in Italy
829:
775:
741:Imperial cities
680:
633:Albert the Bear
629:Duchy of Saxony
625:Henry the Proud
587:
512:
485:Duchy of Swabia
469:
336:
304:imperial throne
276:Duchy of Swabia
262:
246:
237:
236:
199:
195:
99:
75:Duchy of Swabia
63:
59:
44:
41:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6300:
6290:
6289:
6284:
6282:Salian dynasty
6279:
6274:
6269:
6264:
6259:
6254:
6249:
6244:
6239:
6222:
6221:
6219:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6198:
6193:
6188:
6183:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6143:
6138:
6133:
6128:
6123:
6118:
6113:
6108:
6103:
6098:
6093:
6088:
6083:
6078:
6073:
6068:
6063:
6058:
6053:
6048:
6043:
6038:
6033:
6028:
6022:
6019:
6018:
6007:
6006:
5999:
5992:
5984:
5978:
5977:
5963:
5962:External links
5960:
5959:
5958:
5931:
5930:
5912:
5886:
5877:
5868:
5855:
5848:
5828:
5803:
5796:
5776:
5767:, p. 446.
5765:Van Cleve 1972
5757:
5748:, p. 228.
5738:
5729:, p. 143.
5727:Van Cleve 1972
5719:
5700:
5686:10.1086/478355
5679:(2): 225–248.
5654:
5625:
5618:
5598:
5591:
5571:
5549:
5525:
5518:
5494:
5487:
5467:
5445:
5438:
5413:
5396:
5380:
5342:
5306:
5299:
5279:
5245:
5226:"Hohenstaufen"
5217:
5214:on 2020-03-22.
5197:"Hohenstaufen"
5192:"Hohenstaufen"
5184:
5162:"Hohenstaufen"
5153:
5134:"Hohenstaufen"
5125:
5106:
5090:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5081:
5080:
5051:
5019:
5018:
5016:
5013:
5012:
5011:
5006:
4999:
4996:
4993:
4992:
4975:
4974:
4971:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4942:
4940:
4938:
4936:
4934:
4932:
4930:
4928:
4926:
4924:
4922:
4920:
4918:
4916:
4914:
4912:
4910:
4908:
4893:
4891:
4889:
4887:
4885:
4883:
4881:
4879:
4877:
4875:
4873:
4871:
4869:
4867:
4865:
4863:
4861:
4859:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4851:
4849:
4847:
4845:
4843:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4835:
4833:
4831:
4829:
4827:
4825:
4823:
4821:
4819:
4817:
4815:
4813:
4811:
4809:
4807:
4805:
4803:
4801:
4799:
4797:
4795:
4793:
4791:
4789:
4787:
4785:
4783:
4781:
4779:
4777:
4775:
4773:
4771:
4769:
4767:
4765:
4763:
4761:
4759:
4757:
4755:
4753:
4751:
4749:
4747:
4745:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4737:
4735:
4733:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4725:
4723:
4704:
4702:
4691:
4689:
4680:
4678:
4671:
4669:
4652:
4650:
4639:
4637:
4622:
4620:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4603:
4601:
4599:
4597:
4595:
4593:
4591:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4583:
4581:
4579:
4577:
4575:
4573:
4571:
4569:
4567:
4565:
4563:
4561:
4559:
4557:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4545:
4543:
4541:
4539:
4537:
4535:
4533:
4531:
4529:
4527:
4525:
4523:
4521:
4519:
4517:
4515:
4513:
4511:
4509:
4507:
4505:
4503:
4501:
4499:
4497:
4495:
4493:
4491:
4489:
4487:
4485:
4483:
4481:
4479:
4477:
4475:
4473:
4471:
4469:
4467:
4465:
4463:
4461:
4459:
4457:
4455:
4453:
4451:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4443:
4441:
4439:
4437:
4435:
4433:
4431:
4429:
4427:
4425:
4423:
4421:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4413:
4411:
4409:
4407:
4405:
4403:
4392:
4390:
4388:
4386:
4384:
4382:
4380:
4365:
4363:
4361:
4359:
4357:
4355:
4353:
4329:
4327:
4316:
4314:
4312:1199/1201–1252
4303:
4301:
4290:
4288:
4277:
4275:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4252:
4250:
4248:
4246:
4244:
4242:
4240:
4238:
4236:
4234:
4232:
4230:
4228:
4226:
4224:
4222:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4214:
4212:
4210:
4208:
4206:
4204:
4202:
4200:
4198:
4196:
4194:
4192:
4190:
4188:
4186:
4184:
4182:
4180:
4178:
4176:
4174:
4172:
4170:
4168:
4166:
4164:
4162:
4160:
4158:
4156:
4154:
4152:
4150:
4148:
4146:
4144:
4142:
4140:
4138:
4136:
4134:
4132:
4130:
4128:
4126:
4124:
4122:
4120:
4118:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4110:
4108:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4098:
4096:
4094:
4092:
4090:
4083:
4081:
4074:
4072:
4065:
4063:
4048:
4046:
4022:
4020:
4013:
4011:
3994:
3992:
3981:
3979:
3977:
3966:
3964:
3939:
3938:
3936:
3934:
3932:
3930:
3928:
3926:
3924:
3922:
3920:
3918:
3916:
3914:
3912:
3910:
3908:
3906:
3904:
3902:
3900:
3898:
3896:
3894:
3892:
3890:
3888:
3886:
3884:
3882:
3880:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3872:
3870:
3868:
3866:
3864:
3862:
3860:
3858:
3856:
3854:
3852:
3850:
3848:
3846:
3844:
3842:
3840:
3838:
3836:
3834:
3832:
3830:
3828:
3826:
3824:
3822:
3820:
3818:
3816:
3814:
3812:
3810:
3808:
3806:
3804:
3802:
3800:
3798:
3796:
3794:
3792:
3790:
3788:
3786:
3784:
3782:
3780:
3778:
3776:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3764:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3754:
3746:Duke of Swabia
3739:
3737:
3722:
3720:
3710:Ct of Burgundy
3703:
3701:
3686:
3684:
3676:Duke of Swabia
3669:
3667:
3665:
3657:Duke of Swabia
3650:
3648:
3640:King of Sicily
3629:
3627:
3620:
3618:
3599:
3597:
3586:
3584:
3582:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3570:
3568:
3566:
3564:
3562:
3560:
3558:
3556:
3554:
3552:
3550:
3548:
3546:
3544:
3542:
3540:
3538:
3536:
3534:
3532:
3530:
3528:
3526:
3524:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3516:
3514:
3512:
3510:
3508:
3506:
3504:
3502:
3500:
3498:
3496:
3494:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3486:
3484:
3482:
3480:
3478:
3476:
3474:
3472:
3470:
3468:
3466:
3464:
3462:
3460:
3458:
3456:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3448:
3446:
3444:
3442:
3440:
3438:
3436:
3434:
3432:
3430:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3422:
3420:
3418:
3416:
3414:
3412:
3410:
3408:
3406:
3404:
3402:
3400:
3398:
3396:
3394:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3386:
3384:
3382:
3380:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3372:
3370:
3362:Duke of Swabia
3355:
3353:
3333:
3331:
3318:
3316:
3306:Count Palatine
3299:
3297:
3282:
3280:
3252:
3250:
3239:
3237:
3230:
3228:
3211:
3209:
3198:
3196:
3178:
3177:
3175:
3173:
3171:
3169:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3161:
3159:
3157:
3155:
3153:
3151:
3149:
3147:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3139:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3127:
3125:
3123:
3121:
3119:
3117:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3097:
3095:
3093:
3091:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3083:
3081:
3079:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3061:
3059:
3057:
3055:
3053:
3051:
3049:
3047:
3045:
3043:
3041:
3039:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3025:
3023:
3021:
3019:
3017:
3015:
3013:
3011:
3009:
3007:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2975:
2973:
2971:
2969:
2958:
2956:
2941:
2939:
2928:
2926:
2922:of Saarbrücken
2917:
2915:
2907:Duke of Swabia
2900:
2898:
2887:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2879:
2877:
2875:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2852:
2850:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2819:
2817:
2815:
2813:
2811:
2809:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2801:
2799:
2797:
2795:
2793:
2791:
2789:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2769:
2767:
2765:
2763:
2761:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2753:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2725:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2717:
2715:
2713:
2711:
2709:
2707:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2697:
2695:
2693:
2691:
2689:
2687:
2685:
2683:
2681:
2679:
2677:
2675:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2665:
2663:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2647:
2645:
2643:
2641:
2639:
2637:
2635:
2633:
2631:
2629:
2611:
2609:
2598:
2596:
2588:Duke of Swabia
2581:
2579:
2577:
2575:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2567:
2565:
2563:
2548:
2546:
2533:
2531:
2502:
2501:
2461:
2460:
2449:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2424:
2422:
2420:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2371:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2360:
2359:
2344:
2342:
2341:king of Sicily
2335:
2333:
2319:
2317:
2290:
2288:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2245:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2162:
2160:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2108:
2105:Irene Angelina
2100:duke of Swabia
2083:
2081:
2073:duke of Swabia
2067:
2065:
2051:
2049:
2048:duke of Swabia
2042:
2040:
2018:
2016:
2015:duke of Swabia
2008:
2007:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1885:duke of Swabia
1879:
1877:
1873:Henry Berengar
1864:
1862:
1857:1.(daughter of
1855:
1853:
1846:
1844:
1825:
1823:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1806:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1715:
1713:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1680:
1678:
1677:duke of Swabia
1671:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1576:
1574:
1573:duke of Swabia
1567:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1535:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1517:
1516:
1506:
1503:
1502:
1501:
1500:(r. 1254–1268)
1495:
1486:
1484:King 1220–1235
1477:
1464:
1455:
1454:(r. 1191–1196)
1449:
1448:(r. 1170–1191)
1443:
1442:(r. 1167–1170)
1437:
1436:(r. 1152–1167)
1431:
1418:
1417:(r. 1105–1147)
1412:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1390:
1384:
1378:
1377:1254–1258/1268
1372:
1366:
1365:
1364:
1352:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1301:
1300:Kings of Italy
1298:
1286:
1285:
1279:
1273:
1267:
1261:
1255:
1249:
1241:
1238:
1221:three leopards
1200:
1197:
1174:, painted his
1126:
1123:
1059:
1056:
1054:of Frederick.
965:Otto the Child
895:
892:
879:
876:
845:count palatine
837:Henry the Lion
828:
825:
774:
771:
766:Nibelungenlied
709:of Saxony and
707:Henry the Lion
699:Lombard League
679:
676:
667:which failed.
649:Second Crusade
586:
583:
533:Duke of Swabia
531:was appointed
502:count palatine
468:
465:
380:historiography
335:
332:
186:
185:
182:
178:
177:
176:
175:
170:
165:
160:
155:
153:King of Sicily
150:
145:
140:
138:Duke of Swabia
133:
129:
128:
123:
119:
118:
113:
109:
108:
105:
101:
100:
98:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
71:
69:
65:
64:
55:Coat of arms (
54:
46:
45:
42:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6299:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6270:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6258:
6255:
6253:
6250:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6234:
6232:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6187:
6184:
6182:
6179:
6177:
6174:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6094:
6092:
6089:
6087:
6084:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6071:Bourbon-Parma
6069:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6059:
6057:
6054:
6052:
6049:
6047:
6044:
6042:
6039:
6037:
6034:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6024:
6023:
6020:
6016:
6012:
6005:
6000:
5998:
5993:
5991:
5986:
5985:
5982:
5975:
5970:
5966:
5965:
5955:
5951:
5950:
5944:
5943:public domain
5935:
5934:
5926:
5925:Stauferstelen
5922:
5916:
5900:
5896:
5890:
5881:
5872:
5865:
5864:Gli Scaligeri
5859:
5851:
5845:
5841:
5840:
5832:
5816:
5815:
5807:
5799:
5793:
5789:
5788:
5780:
5772:
5766:
5761:
5753:
5747:
5742:
5734:
5728:
5723:
5716:(3): 239–252.
5715:
5711:
5704:
5696:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5678:
5674:
5673:
5668:
5664:
5658:
5650:
5644:
5636:
5629:
5621:
5615:
5611:
5610:
5602:
5594:
5588:
5585:. Routledge.
5584:
5583:
5575:
5560:
5553:
5539:
5535:
5529:
5521:
5515:
5511:
5507:
5506:
5498:
5490:
5484:
5480:
5479:
5471:
5455:
5449:
5441:
5435:
5431:
5430:
5422:
5420:
5418:
5409:
5408:
5400:
5393:
5387:
5385:
5376:
5370:
5362:
5358:
5351:
5349:
5347:
5338:
5332:
5319:
5318:
5310:
5302:
5300:9781442210042
5296:
5292:
5291:
5283:
5267:
5266:
5258:
5256:
5254:
5252:
5250:
5233:
5232:
5227:
5221:
5213:
5209:
5205:
5203:
5198:
5193:
5188:
5173:
5172:HarperCollins
5169:
5168:
5163:
5157:
5141:
5140:
5135:
5129:
5122:
5118:
5113:
5111:
5102:
5095:
5091:
5077:
5073:
5069:
5064:
5060:
5055:
5048:
5047:
5042:
5038:
5034:
5030:
5024:
5020:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5001:
4991:
4989:
4988:
4982:
4977:
4976:
4973:
4972:
4966:
4960:
4951:
4946:
4906:
4897:
4853:
4850:
4844:
4840:
4838:
4837:
4828:
4824:
4822:
4788:
4784:
4782:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4721:
4713:
4708:
4695:
4667:
4656:
4643:
4635:
4626:
4613:
4585:
4582:
4574:
4572:
4570:
4562:
4560:
4558:
4554:
4552:
4551:
4534:
4530:
4528:
4524:
4522:
4512:
4508:
4506:
4502:
4500:
4486:
4482:
4480:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4434:
4432:
4422:
4420:
4415:
4396:
4387:
4385:
4378:
4369:
4360:
4358:
4351:
4346:
4342:
4333:
4320:
4307:
4306:Ferdinand III
4294:
4281:
4273:
4262:
4258:
4255:
4239:
4237:
4235:
4231:
4229:
4227:
4219:
4217:
4216:
4191:
4175:
4173:
4167:
4163:
4161:
4135:
4131:
4129:
4125:
4123:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4102:
4061:
4052:
4044:
4039:
4035:
4026:
4009:
4000:
3985:
3970:
3962:
3957:
3953:
3944:
3940:
3937:
3929:
3927:
3919:
3917:
3901:
3899:
3891:
3889:
3887:
3883:
3881:
3877:
3875:
3874:
3857:
3829:
3827:
3815:
3813:
3795:
3791:
3789:
3785:
3783:
3770:
3761:
3759:
3758:
3752:
3743:
3735:
3726:
3718:
3712:btw.1167/1171
3707:
3699:
3690:
3682:
3673:
3663:
3654:
3646:
3637:
3616:
3607:
3592:
3576:
3573:
3557:
3555:
3539:
3537:
3533:
3531:
3527:
3525:
3509:
3507:
3499:
3497:
3495:
3491:
3489:
3488:
3479:
3443:
3441:
3413:
3411:
3397:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3368:
3359:
3350:
3341:
3322:
3314:
3303:
3295:
3286:
3278:
3273:
3269:
3260:
3243:
3226:
3215:
3202:
3187:
3179:
3176:
3168:
3166:
3160:
3152:
3150:
3136:
3120:
3118:
3116:
3112:
3110:
3109:
3100:
3088:
3086:
3080:
3060:
3058:
3052:
3048:
3046:
3034:
3032:
3010:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2992:
2990:
2988:
2986:
2984:
2982:
2981:
2962:
2954:
2945:
2932:
2913:
2904:
2891:
2860:
2845:
2841:
2838:
2814:
2812:
2810:
2786:
2784:
2782:
2778:
2776:
2775:
2750:
2730:
2728:
2724:
2722:
2712:
2696:
2694:
2686:
2684:
2678:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2658:
2657:
2627:
2620:
2615:
2602:
2594:
2585:
2561:
2552:
2537:
2529:
2524:
2520:
2511:
2507:
2500:
2498:
2490:
2488:
2480:
2474:
2472:
2467:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2458:
2457:
2454:
2444:
2440:
2434:
2415:
2403:
2401:
2365:
2361:
2354:
2349:
2339:
2331:Roman Emperor
2329:
2323:
2315:
2304:
2300:
2295:
2286:
2275:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2258:
2250:
2248:
2240:
2238:
2230:
2228:
2227:
2220:
2204:
2202:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2185:
2182:
2181:Bianca Lancia
2177:
2172:
2167:
2154:
2150:
2145:
2132:
2130:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2097:
2093:
2088:
2079:
2071:
2063:
2055:
2046:
2038:
2032:
2028:
2023:
2013:
2009:
2006:
1998:
1996:
1988:
1986:
1978:
1976:
1968:
1966:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1948:
1916:
1914:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1895:
1891:
1883:
1874:
1869:
1850:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1809:
1801:
1799:
1791:
1790:
1783:
1775:
1755:
1747:
1734:
1728:
1725:
1720:
1712:
1708:
1703:
1685:
1675:
1663:
1660:
1636:
1635:
1628:
1604:
1591:
1587:
1584:
1580:
1571:
1559:
1557:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1514:
1513:
1510:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1401:
1400:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1344:
1336:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1306:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1213:
1205:
1196:
1194:
1190:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1146:
1144:
1136:
1131:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1110:
1108:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1068:Pope Urban IV
1065:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1044:
1040:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1007:
1003:
996:
992:
991:
985:
981:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
946:
942:
937:
933:
930:
924:
921:
916:
912:
911:
905:
900:
891:
889:
885:
875:
873:
868:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
847:Otto VIII of
846:
842:
838:
834:
824:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
800:Third Crusade
794:
790:
789:
784:
779:
770:
768:
767:
762:
761:
756:
755:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
731:dukes of the
730:
726:
722:
721:
714:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
675:
673:
672:Frederick III
668:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
623:
618:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
582:
580:
579:House of Welf
576:
572:
567:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
544:
542:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
507:
503:
499:
495:
494:
493:Sieghardinger
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
464:
462:
457:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
430:
427:
422:
420:
415:
410:
406:
402:
399:
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392:
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373:
369:
365:
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357:
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345:
340:
331:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
268:
258:
240:
232:
193:
183:
179:
174:
171:
169:
166:
164:
161:
159:
156:
154:
151:
149:
146:
144:
143:King of Italy
141:
139:
136:
135:
134:
130:
127:
124:
120:
117:
114:
110:
106:
102:
96:
93:
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88:
86:
83:
81:
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76:
73:
72:
70:
66:
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38:
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19:
6237:Hohenstaufen
6146:Hohenstaufen
6145:
6086:Della Rovere
6036:Antelminelli
6011:Royal houses
5948:
5927:(in German).
5924:
5915:
5905:25 September
5903:. Retrieved
5899:the original
5889:
5880:
5871:
5863:
5858:
5838:
5831:
5821:February 28,
5819:. Retrieved
5813:
5806:
5786:
5779:
5760:
5741:
5722:
5713:
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5676:
5670:
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5634:
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5601:
5581:
5574:
5564:February 28,
5562:. Retrieved
5557:Klaus Graf.
5552:
5541:. Retrieved
5537:
5528:
5504:
5497:
5477:
5470:
5460:February 28,
5458:. Retrieved
5448:
5432:. C.H.Beck.
5428:
5406:
5399:
5391:
5360:
5321:, retrieved
5316:
5309:
5289:
5282:
5272:February 29,
5270:. Retrieved
5264:
5236:. Retrieved
5229:
5220:
5212:the original
5200:
5187:
5175:. Retrieved
5165:
5156:
5144:. Retrieved
5137:
5128:
5120:
5100:
5094:
5063:Frederick II
5054:
5044:
5036:
5032:
5023:
4984:
4980:
4979:
4958:
4904:
4719:
4665:
4633:
4376:
4349:
4340:
4332:Frederick II
4271:
4059:
4042:
4033:
4007:
3960:
3951:
3750:
3733:
3716:
3697:
3680:
3672:Frederick VI
3661:
3644:
3614:
3366:
3358:Frederick IV
3348:
3327:Hohenstaufen
3312:
3308:of the Rhine
3293:
3276:
3267:
3224:
2952:
2911:
2903:Frederick II
2625:
2592:
2559:
2542:c.1087/1089–
2527:
2518:
2499:(1208–1215)
2491:
2489:(1125–1137)
2481:
2475:
2470:
2468:
2452:
2302:
2273:
2152:
2149:Frederick II
2095:
2045:Frederick VI
2030:
1882:Frederick IV
1838:
1710:
1674:Frederick II
1508:
1493:King in 1237
1492:
1483:
1470:
1462:King in 1198
1461:
1424:
1408:
1398:
1397:
1387:Constance II
1342:
1341:
1304:
1303:
1287:
1270:Frederick II
1228:
1224:
1220:
1186:
1175:
1169:
1158:
1147:
1140:
1111:
1104:
1061:
1036:
1020:
1013:
1005:
999:
988:
951:By the 1226
950:
939:Frederick's
925:
919:
914:
908:
897:
894:Frederick II
881:
869:
830:
797:
786:
764:
758:
752:
718:
715:
681:
669:
635:and that of
620:Because the
619:
595:Frederick II
588:
571:Frederick II
568:
545:
527:. Their son
491:
476:
470:
463:(Swabians).
460:
458:
449:
433:
428:
423:
403:), meaning '
393:
386:
384:
364:Swabian Jura
356:conical hill
351:
349:
324:Swabian Jura
300:Frederick II
271:
192:Hohenstaufen
191:
189:
40:Hohenstaufen
6191:Pallavicini
6186:Palaiologos
6171:Montefeltro
6091:Della Torre
6081:Carolingian
6056:Bentivoglio
4959:r.1292–1323
4945:Frederick I
4905:r.1254–1268
4720:r.1288–1314
4666:r.1237–1254
4659:(of Sicily)
4648:c.1227–1273
4634:r.1220–1235
4625:Henry (VII)
4618:c.1204–1266
4368:Isabella II
4341:r.1212–1250
4272:r.1235–1248
4060:r.1194–1198
4034:r.1169–1197
3952:r.1198–1209
3751:r.1191–1196
3734:r.1205–1231
3725:Beatrice II
3717:r.1190–1200
3698:r.1200–1205
3681:r.1170–1191
3662:r.1167–1170
3653:Frederick V
3645:r.1166–1189
3615:r.1198–1208
3595:c.1181–1208
3367:r.1152–1167
3349:r.1147–1150
3313:r.1156–1195
3294:r.1148–1184
3268:r.1152–1190
3255:Frederick I
3225:r.1138–1176
2967:c.1110–1146
2965:of Sulzbach
2953:r.1138–1152
2937:d.1130/1131
2912:r.1105–1147
2867:c.1108–1139
2626:r.1095–1136
2614:Leopold III
2593:r.1079–1105
2584:Frederick I
2560:r.1120–1126
2540:of Northeim
2519:r.1125–1137
2487:Süpplinburg
2012:Frederick V
1834:Frederick I
1570:Frederick I
1361:Henry (VII)
1317:Frederick I
1290:interregnum
1276:Henry (VII)
1015:lex animata
993:, c. 1240,
849:Wittelsbach
839:, the Welf
791:, 1167/79,
720:Ostsiedlung
683:Frederick I
659:in a great
647:preach the
529:Frederick I
525:Pope Leo IX
513: 1020
372:hill castle
298:(1191) and
292:Frederick I
288:Middle Ages
286:during the
181:Dissolution
122:Final ruler
60: 1220
6231:Categories
6206:Trastámara
6141:Hauteville
5543:2020-02-12
5323:2020-02-12
5086:References
4715:of Meissen
4646:of Bavaria
4616:of Austria
4399:of England
4005:≈1205–1253
3997:Wenceslaus
3632:William II
3329:≈1133–1191
3285:Beatrice I
3258:Barbarossa
3246:of Vohburg
3214:Matthias I
3205:of England
2944:Conrad III
2935:of Comburg
2894:of Bavaria
2621:of Austria
2605:of Germany
2510:Lothair II
1836:Barbarossa
1707:Conrad III
1357:1198–1250
1311:Conrad III
1246:Conrad III
1172:Hans Kloss
763:, and the
661:expedition
504:; his son
481:Nördlingen
454:Ghibelline
442:Waiblingen
396:, akin to
280:royal rule
6181:Ordelaffi
6161:Malaspina
6156:Malatesta
6151:Imperiali
6061:Bonaparte
6051:Barcelona
6046:Anscarids
6026:Aleramici
5643:cite book
5194:(US) and
5119:(2010) .
4956:1257–1323
4902:1252–1268
4717:1240–1314
4707:Albert II
4700:1241–1270
4698:of Sicily
4687:1238–1253
4676:1226–1227
4673:Margareta
4663:1228–1254
4655:Conrad IV
4642:Elisabeth
4631:1211–1242
4401:1214–1241
4377:1212–1228
4374:Jerusalem
4350:1220–1250
4338:1194–1250
4325:1179–1222
4323:of Aragon
4319:Constance
4299:1205–1235
4297:of Swabia
4293:Elisabeth
4286:1201–1235
4284:of Swabia
4269:1207–1248
4088:1168–1184
4079:1181–1184
4057:1154–1198
4051:Constance
4043:1191–1197
4031:1165–1197
4008:1230–1253
3990:1202–1248
3988:of Swabia
3984:Kunigunde
3975:1198–1212
3973:of Swabia
3961:1209–1215
3949:1175–1218
3748:1173–1196
3742:Conrad II
3731:1193–1231
3695:1191–1205
3678:1167–1191
3659:1164–1170
3642:1155–1189
3625:1162–1174
3612:1177–1208
3605:of Swabia
3364:1145–1167
3346:1136–1150
3310:1135–1195
3291:1143–1184
3277:1155–1190
3265:1122–1190
3248:1135–1190
3235:1123–1195
3222:1119–1176
3207:1156–1189
3194:1129–1195
2950:1093–1152
2924:d. c.1147
2909:1090–1147
2896:1103–1131
2858:the Proud
2848:1115–1143
2623:1073–1136
2607:1072–1143
2590:1050–1105
2557:1075–1126
2528:1133–1137
2516:1075–1137
2433:Constance
2358:of Epirus
2299:Conrad IV
2070:Conrad II
1489:Conrad IV
1409:Friedrich
1383:1258–1266
1371:1250–1254
1355:Frederick
1351:1194–1197
1325:1191–1197
1319:1154–1190
1313:1128–1135
1282:Conrad IV
1167:in 1996.
1154:Göppingen
1115:immediate
1086:, in the
1039:Conrad IV
929:Landfried
851:in 1208.
820:Frederick
749:Minnesang
665:Holy Land
622:Welf duke
566:in 1082.
556:Zähringen
543:in 1079.
368:Göppingen
328:Göppingen
194:dynasty (
6216:Visconti
6131:Habsburg
6126:Grimaldi
5665:(1903).
5331:citation
5029:leopards
4998:See also
4896:Conradin
4694:Margaret
4612:Margaret
4395:Isabella
4372:Queen of
4261:Henry II
4025:Henry VI
3969:Beatrice
3635:the Good
3622:Beatrice
3591:Angelina
3339:Berengar
3242:Adelaide
3220:Lorraine
3218:Duke of
3190:Duke of
3185:the Lion
2961:Gertrude
2931:Gertrude
2844:Gertrude
2551:Henry IX
2536:Richenza
2471:monarchs
2414:Conradin
2027:Henry VI
1375:Conradin
1349:Henry VI
1323:Henry VI
1294:Habsburg
1258:Henry VI
1215:Seal of
1096:executed
1064:Conradin
961:Prussian
920:Statutum
915:Statutum
804:Henry VI
773:Henry VI
760:Parzival
729:Silesian
521:Dagsburg
517:Egisheim
489:Bavarian
473:Otto III
429:de Stauf
312:Burgundy
296:Henry VI
294:(1155),
126:Conradin
6121:Gonzaga
6116:Fregoso
6111:Fieschi
6106:Farnese
6041:Appiani
5695:3153729
5068:agnatic
4954:Meissen
4267:Brabant
4265:Duke of
4067:William
3943:Otto IV
3201:Matilda
3192:Bavaria
2865:Bavaria
2863:Duke of
2855:Henry X
2338:Manfred
1475:in 1220
1429:in 1155
1381:Manfred
1229:passant
872:Otto IV
841:Otto IV
754:Tristan
711:Bavaria
663:to the
637:Bavaria
591:Henry V
483:in the
477:Riesgau
467:Origins
405:chalice
376:Staufen
362:in the
360:Staufen
282:in the
272:Staufer
263:German:
112:Founder
104:Founded
68:Country
43:Staufer
6211:Valois
6201:Sforza
6166:Medici
6066:Borgia
5945:.
5846:
5817:. Grin
5794:
5693:
5616:
5589:
5516:
5485:
5436:
5297:
5268:. Grin
5238:18 May
5202:Lexico
5177:18 May
5146:18 May
5072:Conrad
4981:Notes:
4085:Gisela
4015:Renaud
3706:Otto I
3689:Joan I
3602:Philip
3321:Judith
3302:Conrad
3232:Bertha
2919:Agnes
2890:Judith
2493:
2483:
2477:
2353:Helena
2092:Philip
2054:Otto I
1849:Conrad
1583:SALIAN
1369:Conrad
1125:Legacy
1119:Baltic
1100:Naples
1080:French
1052:godson
945:Andria
695:Papacy
653:Speyer
599:Conrad
575:Conrad
537:Salian
358:named
132:Titles
6196:Savoy
6176:Murat
6096:Doria
6031:Anjou
6015:Italy
5691:JSTOR
5037:sable
5015:Notes
4712:Mgve.
4682:Henry
4280:Maria
4076:Agnes
3714:–1200
3589:Irene
3336:Henry
3182:Henry
2601:Agnes
2270:Henry
943:, in
733:Piast
691:Italy
613:duke
611:Saxon
548:Agnes
539:king
479:near
461:Svevi
409:Latin
401:stoup
394:stouf
387:Stauf
352:hohen
308:Italy
241:also
6101:Este
5907:2014
5844:ISBN
5823:2020
5792:ISBN
5771:help
5752:help
5733:help
5649:link
5614:ISBN
5587:ISBN
5566:2020
5514:ISBN
5483:ISBN
5462:2020
5434:ISBN
5375:link
5337:link
5295:ISBN
5274:2020
5240:2019
5179:2019
5148:2019
5035:and
4950:Mgve
4684:Otto
4070:1176
4018:1173
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2619:Mgve
2544:1141
2497:Welf
1159:The
1141:The
1135:Cheb
1050:, a
1029:The
884:Welf
808:Rome
597:and
560:Welf
558:and
346:ruin
342:The
334:Name
310:and
190:The
184:1318
107:1079
6013:of
5681:doi
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4038:HRE
3956:HRE
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2523:HRE
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318:on
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