429:
410:
687:. This derives its name from a pub established by 1765, in a building previously known as The White Horse and used by a smith or farrier. It has been claimed the premises had been associated with the Cutlers' Company. However the company has advised a contributor it has never had an association with the area. Meanwhile the use of the symbol by the Cutlers due to the presence of ivory in sword and cutlery handles is just one of diverse world-wide uses of the term over a long period. These include the titles of several other public houses in London. Stephen Humphrey, a historian of the Elephant and Castle, addresses the various origin theories and demonstrates the naming of the pub that subsequently gave its name to the area was random.
471:
487:
455:
647:
394:
778:
375:
580:
184:
39:
196:
754:
655:
726:
1099:
539:, of its own will, stopped, and uttered the cry or moan, peculiarly piteous, by which its kind always protest against an overload, and sometimes crave attention and rest. The master thereupon bestirred himself, waking, as it were, from sleep. He threw the curtains of the houdah up, looked at the sun, surveyed the country on every side long and carefully, as if to identify an appointed place.”
428:
634:
writing, "Caesar had one large elephant, which was equipped with armor and carried archers and slingers in its tower. When this unknown creature entered the river, the
Britons and their horses fled and the Roman army crossed over." However, he may have confused this incident with the use of a similar
926:
The other has a more informative scene of a war elephant , with mahout and a turreted howdah bearing two warriors, one wearing a
Macedonian helmet, suggesting a more southerly origin for the type: very Indian, at first sight, but it seems that adding a mini-fortress to an elephant's back was a Greek
520:
conveys naught of dread, except, perhaps, in the more fancy of the eternal frosted desolateness reigning at such vast altitudes, and the natural conceit of what a fearfulness it would be to lose oneself in such inhuman solitudes." It also appears in
Chapter 11 of
531:(1873), in which we are told "The Parsee, who was an accomplished elephant driver, covered his back with a sort of saddle-cloth, and attached to each of his flanks some curiously uncomfortable howdahs.” It is mentioned in the first chapter of
665:
Alternatively, modern uses may derive from later contacts with howdahs. Fanciful images of war elephants with elaborate castles on their back date to 12th century Spain, as at right.
332:, openly criticize their use, citing evidence that howdahs can cause permanent damage to an elephant's spine, lungs, and other organs and can significantly shorten the animal's life.
486:
409:
927:
invention, so this is a successor to those elephants with which Indian kings used to bribe westerners. The cloth below the howdah is decorated with a Greek sea monster (ketos).
470:
945:
348:
kings during the "Second urbanisation" (c. 600 – c. 200 BCE) who rode on chariot mounted on elephants or howdahs when going on distant expeditions.
393:
454:
841:
1485:
374:
324:
Today, howdahs are used mainly for tourist or commercial purposes in South East Asia and are the subject of controversy as
1131:
1002:
1081:
899:
122:
103:
919:
1536:
1511:
1461:
1410:
603:
and more recently has been used in
England since the 13th century, and in Denmark since at least the 17th century.
282:. It was also a symbol of wealth for the owner and as a result might be elaborately decorated, even with expensive
75:
527:
302:
188:
310:
1431:
845:
676:, for his menagerie in the Tower of London in 1254, this being the first elephant in England since Claudius.
574:
329:
60:
82:
915:
886:
532:
437:
849:
794:
on Camels, mainly used for carrying women in long distances or weddings, now it is only rented for weddings.
1480:
1466:
1521:
1436:
1073:
607:
89:
1426:
1311:
646:
1531:
1516:
640:
966:
994:
988:
777:
71:
1371:
1208:
1124:
1103:
990:
The Keys of Middle-earth: Discovering
Medieval Literature Through the Fiction of J. R. R. Tolkien
56:
49:
1196:
782:
568:
1441:
1336:
1191:
1171:
953:
821:
738:
730:
715:
547:
341:
221:
1472:
673:
599:
on its back, being used especially to symbolize strength. The symbol was used in Europe in
325:
8:
1228:
742:
680:
600:
584:
1069:
274:, used most often in the past to carry wealthy people during progresses or processions,
1541:
1506:
1161:
1117:
984:
669:
579:
461:
298:
516:(1851), writes "To the native Indian of Peru, the continual site of the snow-howdahed
1331:
1296:
1288:
1233:
1077:
998:
895:
659:
595:
A derived symbol used in Europe is the "elephant and castle": an elephant carrying a
441:
157:
183:
96:
1048:
939:
804:
699:
445:
1526:
1361:
1356:
1238:
1223:
1218:
1201:
507:
384:
357:
153:
618:, in the 1st century BC. Elephants were used in the Roman campaigns against the
440:
with military elephant carrying a howdah fortress manned by a soldier wearing a
1258:
1243:
1213:
1043:
766:
434:
364:, has a gallery dedicated to an array of Hathi Howdah, used by the Maharaja of
212:
1500:
1396:
1351:
1301:
1263:
980:
815:
719:
477:
345:
306:
294:
290:
161:
27:
305:
and that is used traditionally during the
Elephant Procession of the famous
1391:
1366:
711:
691:
690:
The elephant and castle symbol has been used since the 13th century in the
619:
757:
703:
522:
707:
493:
946:"Monsters of Military Might: Elephants in Hellenistic History and Art"
888:
Metalwork from the
Hellenized East : catalogue of the collections
668:
Notably, 13th century
English use may come from the elephant given by
552:
1030:
631:
536:
512:
318:
38:
1140:
695:
636:
623:
283:
267:
263:
753:
16:
Carriage placed on the back of an elephant, camel, or other animal
1253:
654:
615:
611:
542:
361:
314:
275:
171:
725:
658:
The "elephant and castle" from the 14th-century choir stalls in
610:
war elephants, and turreted elephants feature on the coinage of
1306:
1098:
809:
737:
The symbol of an elephant and castle has also been used in the
684:
596:
588:
232:
195:
20:
679:
Today the symbol is most known in the United
Kingdom from the
1346:
1166:
770:
627:
556:
517:
365:
271:
1109:
415:
Hathi Howdah or
Elephant seat in the Mehrangarh Fort Museum.
894:. Malibu, Calif.: J. Paul Getty Museum. 1993. p. 9.
351:
279:
246:), which means "bed carried by a camel", also known as
818:, large handguns used to defend howdahs from predators
226:
63:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
875:. Calcutta: Firma K.L. Mukhopadhvay. p. 105.
630:, and against the Britons, the ancient historian
1498:
702:of the Corbet family, feudal barons of Caus, of
650:12th century Spanish painting of a war elephant.
510:in Chapter 42 ("The Whiteness of the Whale") of
943:
773:howdah used to be a common means of transport.
270:, or occasionally some other animal such as a
1125:
842:"n.Howdah not to do it- MEF Lift the Covers!"
562:
1287:
924:. London: Thames & Hudson. p. 200.
241:
235:
1486:List of elephants in mythology and religion
979:
501:
257:
251:
1419:
1132:
1118:
1074:Travels in the Mogul Empire, AD 1656-1668
714:. It was used in the 17th century by the
123:Learn how and when to remove this message
914:
870:
776:
752:
724:
653:
645:
578:
476:Howdah were used extensively during the
194:
182:
1154:
1044:"World Wide Words: Elephant and Castle"
1019:Corpus Nummorum Numidiae Mauretaniaeque
1499:
1384:
1184:
496:inspired "elephant and castle" imagery
352:Howdah Gallery, Mehrangarh Fort Museum
266:which is positioned on the back of an
1113:
420:
61:adding citations to reliable sources
32:
1324:
368:, mostly for ceremonial occasions.
236:
13:
1021:(Paris 1955) 103, nº. 276, pl. 247
873:The. Classical. Accounts.of. India
321:, has a gallery of royal howdahs.
14:
1553:
1091:
1462:Cultural depictions of elephants
1097:
485:
469:
453:
427:
408:
392:
373:
187:Howdahs on the elephants of the
37:
1063:
748:
569:Elephant and Castle § Name
528:Around the World in Eighty Days
340:A passage from Roman historian
48:needs additional citations for
1036:
1024:
1011:
973:
932:
908:
879:
864:
846:Millennium Elephant Foundation
834:
718:, which led to its use on the
575:History of elephants in Europe
330:Millennium Elephant Foundation
1:
1139:
938:Color image, courtesy of the
827:
559:with howdahs on their backs.
1481:List of fictional pachyderms
1467:List of individual elephants
790:Turkmens traditionally used
344:describes the lifestyles of
7:
1076:. Oxford University Press.
812:, the driver of an elephant
798:
328:and organizations, such as
252:
242:
227:
10:
1558:
572:
566:
563:Elephant and castle symbol
525:' classic adventure novel
335:
25:
18:
1454:
1409:
1280:
1147:
698:, and forms the heraldic
606:In antiquity, the Romans
444:helmet. 2nd century BCE,
403:, Mehrangarh Fort Museum.
258:
216:
167:
149:
142:
137:
871:Majumdar, R. C. (1960).
781:The Viceroy's Howdah at
745:in Denmark, since 1693.
502:References in literature
301:, which was used by the
289:Notable howdahs are the
19:Not to be confused with
1537:Hindi words and phrases
1512:Animal-powered vehicles
1209:African forest elephant
535:: “Exactly at noon the
1197:North African elephant
961:Cite journal requires
786:
783:Viceregal Lodge, Simla
761:
734:
683:intersection in south
662:
651:
592:
311:Mehrangarh Fort Museum
303:Maharaja of Travancore
200:
192:
189:Maharaja of Travancore
1473:Elephant Encyclopedia
1192:African bush elephant
1172:Seismic communication
944:van Oppen de Ruiter.
822:Persian war elephants
780:
756:
739:Order of the Elephant
731:Order of the Elephant
728:
716:Royal African Company
657:
649:
582:
567:Further information:
548:The Lord of the Rings
198:
186:
26:For the handgun, see
1106:at Wikimedia Commons
993:. Palgrave. p.
674:Henry III of England
506:The American author
326:animal rights groups
293:, on display at the
231:), derived from the
199:Elephant with howdah
57:improve this article
1229:Sri Lankan elephant
985:Solopova, Elizabeth
760:with howdah (1855).
681:Elephant and Castle
641:conquest of Britain
601:classical antiquity
585:Elephant and Castle
1522:Elephants in India
921:The Greeks in Asia
787:
762:
735:
729:The collar of the
670:Louis IX of France
663:
652:
593:
462:Qutb Shahi dynasty
299:Thiruvananthapuram
201:
193:
1494:
1493:
1450:
1449:
1405:
1404:
1380:
1379:
1332:Ballista elephant
1320:
1319:
1297:Elephant crushing
1276:
1274:
1273:
1234:Sumatran elephant
1180:
1179:
1102:Media related to
1070:Bernier, Francois
660:Chester Cathedral
421:Howdah for armies
225:
178:
177:
158:Deccan Sultanates
133:
132:
125:
107:
1549:
1532:Culture of India
1517:Animal equipment
1417:
1416:
1382:
1381:
1322:
1321:
1285:
1284:
1275:
1182:
1181:
1152:
1151:
1134:
1127:
1120:
1111:
1110:
1101:
1085:
1067:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1049:World Wide Words
1040:
1034:
1028:
1022:
1015:
1009:
1008:
977:
971:
970:
964:
959:
957:
949:
940:Hermitage Museum
936:
930:
929:
912:
906:
905:
893:
883:
877:
876:
868:
862:
861:
859:
857:
848:. Archived from
838:
635:war elephant in
587:intersection in
489:
473:
457:
446:Hermitage Museum
431:
412:
396:
377:
261:
260:
255:
245:
239:
238:
230:
220:
218:
135:
134:
128:
121:
117:
114:
108:
106:
65:
41:
33:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1551:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1546:
1497:
1496:
1495:
1490:
1446:
1401:
1376:
1362:Temple elephant
1316:
1270:
1239:Syrian elephant
1224:Indian elephant
1219:Borneo elephant
1202:Desert elephant
1176:
1143:
1138:
1094:
1089:
1088:
1068:
1064:
1054:
1052:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1033:, (VIII, 23.5).
1029:
1025:
1016:
1012:
1005:
978:
974:
962:
960:
951:
950:
937:
933:
913:
909:
902:
891:
885:
884:
880:
869:
865:
855:
853:
852:on 26 June 2018
840:
839:
835:
830:
801:
751:
694:of the city of
577:
571:
565:
555:(Elephants) of
508:Herman Melville
504:
497:
490:
481:
474:
465:
458:
449:
432:
423:
416:
413:
404:
397:
388:
385:Mehrangarh Fort
378:
358:Mehrangarh Fort
354:
338:
181:
160:
156:
154:Delhi Sultanate
129:
118:
112:
109:
66:
64:
54:
42:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1555:
1545:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1477:
1476:
1464:
1458:
1456:
1452:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1423:
1421:
1414:
1407:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1400:
1399:
1394:
1388:
1386:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1374:
1372:White elephant
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1328:
1326:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1293:
1291:
1282:
1278:
1277:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1261:
1259:Dwarf elephant
1256:
1248:
1247:
1246:
1244:Javan elephant
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1214:Asian elephant
1211:
1206:
1205:
1204:
1199:
1188:
1186:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1158:
1156:
1149:
1145:
1144:
1137:
1136:
1129:
1122:
1114:
1108:
1107:
1093:
1092:External links
1090:
1087:
1086:
1062:
1035:
1023:
1010:
1004:978-1403946713
1003:
981:Lee, Stuart D.
972:
963:|journal=
931:
916:Boardman, John
907:
900:
878:
863:
832:
831:
829:
826:
825:
824:
819:
816:Howdah pistols
813:
807:
800:
797:
796:
795:
775:
774:
750:
747:
741:, the highest
626:, against the
564:
561:
503:
500:
499:
498:
491:
484:
482:
475:
468:
466:
460:Howdah of the
459:
452:
450:
433:
426:
422:
419:
418:
417:
414:
407:
405:
398:
391:
389:
379:
372:
353:
350:
346:ancient Indian
337:
334:
179:
176:
175:
169:
165:
164:
151:
147:
146:
140:
139:
131:
130:
45:
43:
36:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1554:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1475:
1474:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1408:
1398:
1397:Howdah pistol
1395:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1302:Elephant goad
1300:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1289:Domestication
1286:
1283:
1279:
1265:
1264:Pygmy mammoth
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1153:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1135:
1130:
1128:
1123:
1121:
1116:
1115:
1112:
1105:
1100:
1096:
1095:
1083:
1082:81-206-1169-1
1079:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1051:
1050:
1045:
1039:
1032:
1027:
1020:
1014:
1006:
1000:
996:
992:
991:
986:
982:
976:
968:
955:
947:
941:
935:
928:
923:
922:
917:
911:
903:
901:0-89236-218-9
897:
890:
889:
882:
874:
867:
851:
847:
843:
837:
833:
823:
820:
817:
814:
811:
808:
806:
803:
802:
793:
789:
788:
784:
779:
772:
768:
764:
763:
759:
755:
746:
744:
740:
732:
727:
723:
721:
717:
713:
712:marcher lords
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
688:
686:
682:
677:
675:
671:
666:
661:
656:
648:
644:
642:
638:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
604:
602:
598:
590:
586:
581:
576:
570:
560:
558:
554:
550:
549:
544:
540:
538:
534:
530:
529:
524:
519:
515:
514:
509:
495:
492:Howdahs with
488:
483:
479:
478:Carnatic Wars
472:
467:
463:
456:
451:
447:
443:
439:
436:
430:
425:
424:
411:
406:
402:
395:
390:
386:
382:
376:
371:
370:
369:
367:
363:
359:
349:
347:
343:
333:
331:
327:
322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
307:Mysore Dasara
304:
300:
296:
295:Napier Museum
292:
291:Golden Howdah
287:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
254:
249:
244:
234:
229:
223:
214:
210:
206:
197:
190:
185:
180:Military unit
173:
170:
166:
163:
162:Mughal Empire
159:
155:
152:
148:
145:
141:
136:
127:
124:
116:
113:December 2009
105:
102:
98:
95:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74: –
73:
69:
68:Find sources:
62:
58:
52:
51:
46:This article
44:
40:
35:
34:
29:
28:Howdah pistol
22:
1471:
1437:Kerala state
1392:Elephant gun
1367:War elephant
1341:
1065:
1053:. Retrieved
1047:
1038:
1026:
1018:
1013:
989:
975:
954:cite journal
934:
925:
920:
910:
887:
881:
872:
866:
854:. Retrieved
850:the original
836:
791:
749:Camel howdah
736:
692:coat of arms
689:
678:
667:
664:
620:Celtiberians
605:
594:
546:
541:
526:
523:Jules Vernes
511:
505:
401:Hathi Howdah
400:
381:Hathi Howdah
380:
355:
339:
323:
288:
248:hathi howdah
247:
208:
204:
202:
143:
119:
110:
100:
93:
86:
79:
67:
55:Please help
50:verification
47:
1420:By locality
1413:and history
1017:J. Mazard,
792:Kejebe/کجوه
758:Camel train
722:gold coin.
710:, powerful
704:Caus Castle
608:made use of
494:battlements
253:hāthī haudā
191:. May 1841.
1501:Categories
1337:Executions
1072:. (1891).
828:References
708:Shropshire
583:Statue at
573:See also:
442:Macedonian
83:newspapers
1542:Livestock
1507:Elephants
1281:Human use
1162:Cognition
1141:Elephants
1031:Polyaenus
785:, c. 1905
632:Polyaenus
545:wrote in
537:dromedary
513:Moby Dick
319:Rajasthan
284:gemstones
259:हाथी हौदा
222:romanized
1442:Thailand
1312:Trainers
1250:Extinct
1155:Behavior
1084:. p. 53.
987:(2005).
918:(2015).
799:See also
696:Coventry
639:' final
637:Claudius
624:Hispania
435:Bactrian
360:Museum,
268:elephant
264:carriage
262:), is a
174:(ranged)
72:"Howdah"
1455:Related
1411:Culture
1385:Weapons
1254:Mammoth
1185:Species
1148:General
1055:26 June
856:26 June
616:Numidia
612:Juba II
553:Mûmakil
551:of the
543:Tolkien
533:Ben-Hur
438:phalera
399:Silver
387:Museum.
362:Jodhpur
342:Curtius
336:History
315:Jodhpur
280:warfare
276:hunting
224::
172:Cavalry
150:Country
97:scholar
1527:Camels
1432:Europe
1357:Racing
1342:Howdah
1307:Mahout
1104:Howdah
1080:
1001:
898:
810:Mahout
805:Litter
767:Persia
720:guinea
685:London
597:castle
589:London
309:. The
278:or in
243:hawdaj
233:Arabic
209:houdah
205:howdah
168:Branch
144:Howdah
138:Howdah
99:
92:
85:
78:
70:
21:Howrah
1427:China
1347:Ivory
1167:Musth
892:(PDF)
771:camel
743:order
700:crest
628:Gauls
557:Harad
518:Andes
366:Mewar
272:camel
228:haudā
213:Hindi
207:, or
104:JSTOR
90:books
1352:Meat
1325:Uses
1078:ISBN
1057:2018
999:ISBN
967:help
896:ISBN
858:2018
769:, a
356:The
237:هودج
217:हौदा
76:news
995:223
942:in
765:In
706:in
672:to
643:.
622:in
614:of
313:in
297:at
59:by
1503::
1046:.
997:.
983:;
958::
956:}}
952:{{
844:.
383:,
317:,
286:.
256:,
219:,
215::
203:A
1133:e
1126:t
1119:v
1059:.
1007:.
969:)
965:(
948:.
904:.
860:.
733:.
591:.
480:.
464:.
448:.
250:(
240:(
211:(
126:)
120:(
115:)
111:(
101:·
94:·
87:·
80:·
53:.
30:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.png)