Hubert Walter - Knowledge

1081:, a contemporary and later canonised, is said to have asked forgiveness of God for not having rebuked Walter as often as he probably should have. Modern historians tend not to share the older view that Walter was the driving force behind the administrative changes during Richard's reign, that Richard was uninterested in government, and that he left all decisions in the hands of his ministers, especially Longchamp and Walter. The studies of James Holt and others have shown that Richard was highly involved in government decisions, and that it was more a partnership between the king and his ministers. Walter was, however, very innovative in his approach to government. Walter continued to enjoy the support of Richard's brother John, and it was during John's reign that a number of Walter's administrative reforms took place, although how much royal initiative was behind the innovations is unknown, given John's interest in government and administration. 47: 915: 662:, or financial records, during Walter's time as justiciar "give the impression of a country taxed to the limit". Walter was also responsible for choosing royal justices, and many of his choices were connected with, or had previously worked with, the archbishop in the royal administration. Because of Richard's absence from England, Walter was able to exercise more authority as justiciar than any of his predecessors. All that Walter needed to do was keep Richard's monetary needs satisfied. Combined with Walter's position as archbishop, Walter wielded a power unseen in England since the days of 709:, or register, royal pleas, which had previously been a duty of the sheriff. The juries were to be chosen by a committee of four knights, also elected by the county court. This introduction of coroners and constables eventually led to a change in the role of sheriffs, and a lessening of their importance in royal administration. Although he probably did not take part in the decision to set up a special exchequer for the collection of Richard's ransom, Walter did appoint the two escheators, or guardians of the amounts due, who were 457: 984:. The Patent rolls record letters that were issued in "patent", or openly and not sealed, and the Close rolls record letters issued sealed, or letters close. The various rolls are extant from 1199 for the Charter roll, 1201 for the Patent roll, and 1204 for the Close roll. Walter also continued to innovate in local government, as the earliest record of the coroner's rolls, or county records, being used to cross-check oral testimony in the county courts date from 1202 and 1203, during Walter's chancellorship. 444:, based on his name appearing in a list of those to be commemorated at a monastery in Bologna in which English students lodged. Modern historians have discounted this, as the list also includes benefactors, not just students; other evidence points to the fact that Walter had a poor grasp of Latin, and did not consider himself to be a learned man. However, this did not mean that he was illiterate, merely that he was not "book-learned", or educated at a university. His contemporary, the medieval writer 6217: 1066:, next to Thomas Becket, where his tomb can still be seen. The tomb occupied a highly visible spot in the Trinity Chapel, and Walter was the first archbishop to be buried there since the 1170s, when all of the tombs but Becket's had been relocated to focus attention on Becket's shrine. He remained the only ecclesiastic to be buried there until the 14th century. The use by the archbishops of Canterbury of the title "Primate of All England" dates from Walter's archepiscopal tenure. 6241: 391:, and was one of the principals involved in raising Richard's ransom after the king was captured in Germany on his return from the Holy Land. As a reward for his faithful service, Walter was selected to become Archbishop of Canterbury in 1193. He also served as Richard's justiciar until 1198, in which role he was responsible for raising the money Richard needed to prosecute his wars in France. Walter set up a system that was the precursor for the modern 1046: 6298: 6229: 952:, however, and although it seems certain that Walter made a speech, it is not certain what the exact contents were. On his coronation day, John appointed Walter Lord Chancellor. W. L. Warren, historian and author of a biography of John, says of Walter that "No one living had a firmer grasp of the intricacies of royal government, yet even in old age his mind was adaptable and fecund with suggestions for coping with new problems." 6205: 867:. He promised that the new foundation's canons would not be allowed to vote in archiepiscopal elections nor would the body of Saint Thomas Becket ever be moved to the new church, but the monks of his cathedral chapter were suspicious and appealed to the papacy. The dispute from the time of Baldwin of Forde flared up again, with the papacy supporting the monks and the king supporting the archbishop. Finally, Pope 6281: 906:

serve in France, led to renewed grumbling among the clergy and barons. Richard was also dissatisfied with the results of the carucage in 1198, so Walter resigned his position of chief justiciar on 11 July of that year. Walter may have resigned willingly, as he had talked of resigning his secular duties since 1194. Some medieval sources, however, stated that he was forced out of office by the king.

967:. Accompanying this measure was a requirement that no charter would be accepted in a king's court without having been confirmed by King John. Not only did this reduce forgeries, it led to the establishment of the Charter Roll, an administrative copy of all charters issued and confirmed by the government. In his relations with other officers, Walter worked closely with the justiciar 770:, and Walter's brother Osbert fitzHervey, had mostly already served as justices prior to Walter's term of office, it was Walter who used them extensively. It appears likely that Walter chose them for their ability, not for any familial ties to himself. This group of men replaced the previous system of using mostly local men, and are the first signs of a professional judiciary. 6253: 523:, just outside the town of Canterbury. The plan was to staff the church with canons instead of monks, which the monks of Canterbury's cathedral chapter feared was an attempt to take away the cathedral chapter's right to elect the archbishop. The attempt in 1189 was settled by Baldwin giving up the site near Canterbury for one further away at 650:, which began with Philip's attempts to acquire Richard's possessions on the continent. Richard made Walter Chief Justiciar about 25 December 1193. Walter remained in England, raising money for the king's wars and overseeing the administration of the kingdom. The constant warfare forced Walter to find new means of raising money through 673:, Richard's younger brother. After Richard's release from captivity, John, intending to begin a rebellion, had prepared his castles for defence. His letters ordering the preparations were intercepted and John was deprived of his lands. When John showed no signs of submitting, Walter called an ecclesiastical council at 602:. Saladin entertained Walter during his stay in Jerusalem, and the Englishman succeeded in extracting a promise from Saladin that a small group of Western clergy would be allowed to remain in the city to perform divine services. Walter subsequently led the English army back to England after Richard's departure from 575:. At about the same time Glanvill was either forced out of his justiciarship or resigned, but the sources are unclear. Walter was probably elevated to a bishopric even though his uncle had lost some of his power because of political manoeuvring over the elevation of King Richard's illegitimate half-brother 1036:

of 1179. Walter also interceded with Pope Innocent III in 1200, mediating between the pope and the king over a royal dispute with the Cistercians. Walter's intercession prevented the dispute from escalating, and kept the pope from imposing sanctions on the king for his threats to the Cistercians. It

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that was made in the king's court in the form of three chirographs, according to the command of his lordship of Canterbury and other barons of the king, to the end that by this form a record can be made to be passed on to the treasurer to put in the treasury." The agreement concerns Walter's brother

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Geoffrey was elected to York partly in fulfilment of King Henry's dying wish, and partly to place Geoffrey in holy orders and thus unable to contest for the English crown. However, the cathedral chapter had elected Walter shortly before Geoffrey's appointment, and for a short while, Walter appealed

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has Walter say in reply " 'So be it then,' said the archbishop, 'but mark my words, Marshal, you will never regret anything in your life as much as this.'" This is almost certainly a retrospective comment that has been inserted into the biography, however, based on John's later behaviour. Once John

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in Norfolk, which is probably where Walter was born. Walter first appears in Glanvill's household in a charter that has been dated to 1178, although as it is undated it may have been written as late as 1180. His brother Theobald also served in their uncle's household. Walter's gratitude towards his

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said that the king "had Archbishop Hubert of Canterbury to act for him in the matter of the church property, Geoffrey fitz-Peter in the matter of lay property; and these two spared no one in carrying out their orders." Walter was also responsible for the keeping of copies of other royal letters in

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The medieval chronicler Matthew Paris retold the story that when King John heard of Walter's death, the king exclaimed "Now for the first time I am king of England." This story, however entertaining, is apocryphal. More secure is the story that another chronicler, Roger of Wendover, relates about

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In the later part of Richard's reign, the pressures mounted on Walter. Conflicts between his ecclesiastical duties and his government duties made him the target of criticism from both sides. A dispute in December 1197, over Richard's demand that the magnates of England provide 300 knights to

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a legal treatise on the laws and constitutions of the English. Chrimes agrees that Glanvill was probably not the author, and feels that Walter likely was, although he could not be certain. If he was the author, he composed what Chrimes called a "great literary memorial of Henry II's government".

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in the north of England and William of Sainte-Mère-Eglise in the south. His instructions for the eyre, or circuits of traveling justices, are the first that survive in English history. It was during his tenure of the justiciarship that the judicial role of the Exchequer became separated from the

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The cathedral chapter at York presented five possible candidates to the king for his approval, but all five were rejected. It is not clear why all the names were rejected, but quite possibly it had nothing to do with the suitability of the candidates but rather stemmed from the king's desire to

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Under John, Walter continued to be active in ecclesiastical affairs, and in September 1200 held a provincial church council at London. This council set forth 14 canons, or decrees, which dealt with a number of subjects, including doctrinal concerns, financial affairs, and the duties of the

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Walter's chief administrative measures were his instructions to the itinerant justices of 1194 and 1198, his ordinance of 1195, an attempt to increase order in the kingdom, and his plan of 1198 for the assessment of a land tax. In 1194 the justices were ordered by a document now known as the

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on 20 July 1202, but as Walter was already accounting for the taxes and fees of the city of Rochester to the Exchequer in 1200, it is possible that he held the castle before 1202. John also upheld the right of the archbishop to mint coins, which Walter held until his death in 1205.

971:, on the collection of taxation, and both men went to Wales in 1203 on a diplomatic mission. Another joint action of the two men concerned a tax of a seventh part of all movables collected from both lay and ecclesiastical persons. The medieval chronicler 440:

aunt and uncle is shown in the foundation charter of Walter's monastery in Dereham, where he asks the foundation to pray for the "souls of Ranulf Glanvill and Bertha his wife, who nourished us". Earlier historians asserted that Walter studied law at

852:, as was his right as the archbishop of the province. In his own diocese, he granted markets and fairs to towns, was granted the privilege of minting coins at Shrewsbury, and worked to recover lands and manors that had been lost to the archdiocese. 480:

by order of King Henry II about July 1186. The archbishopric had been vacant since 1181 and would remain so until 1189, so it was Walter's job as dean to administer the archbishopric of York. Walter was also an unsuccessful candidate to become

420:, and Walter himself, were helped in their careers by their uncle, Ranulf de Glanvill. Glanvill was the chief justiciar for Henry II; and was married to Maud de Valoignes' sister, Bertha. Walter's father and paternal grandfather held lands in 1070:

Walter's Christmas celebrations in 1200. Roger reports that Walter distributed clothing to those attending his Christmas feast, which angered King John. The chronicler says that Walter "wished to put himself on a par with the king".

4062: 934:, one of the richest and most influential barons, that Richard was dead, he consulted with Walter and discussed whom to support as the next king. Marshal's choice was John, but Walter initially leaned towards John's young nephew 415:

Hubert Walter was the son of Hervey Walter and his wife Maud de Valoignes, one of the daughters (and co-heiresses) of Theobald de Valoignes, who was lord of Parham in Suffolk. Walter was one of six brothers. The eldest brother,

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moneylenders, and organised a system where the royal officials worked to combat fraud by both parties in the business of Jewish money lending. Walter was probably the originator of the custom of keeping an archival copy of all

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to the new king. On 27 May 1199 Walter crowned John, supposedly making a speech that promulgated, for the last time, the theory of a king's election by the people. This story is only contained in the writings of

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from Pope Celestine III from 1195 to 1198, which enabled him to act with the pope's delegated authority within the English Church. Walter actively investigated ecclesiastical misconduct, and deposed several

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In 1201 Walter went on a diplomatic mission to Philip II of France, which was unsuccessful, and in 1202 he returned to England as regent while John was abroad. In April 1204 Walter returned to France with

519:. Their efforts were fruitless, and Walter was later drawn back into the dispute, in early 1189 and again as archbishop. The dispute centred on the attempt by Baldwin to build a church dedicated to Saint 1057:

described his death as taking four days, and related that he gave vestments, jewellery, and altar furnishings to his monks, which were confiscated by King John after Walter's death. He was buried in the

819:. FitzOsbern was an orator who harnessed the discontent of the poor residents of London against high taxes. His oratory provoked a riot in London, and he was apprehended and hanged on Walter's orders. 1037:

was in 1200 that the church court records of the archdiocese of Canterbury began to be recorded and kept, although after Walter's death in 1205 the records become sparse until the 14th century.

351:, a record of all charters issued by the chancery. Walter was not noted for his holiness in life or learning, but historians have judged him one of the most outstanding government ministers in 773:

In 1195 Walter issued an ordinance by which four knights were appointed in every hundred to act as guardians of the peace, a precursor to the office of Justice of the Peace. His use of the

4069: 1016:, and renounce all of his continental possessions before the French king would make peace. John refused to do this, and the embassy returned to England not long before Philip conquered 882:

in full, "...without any reduction". Another council was held at London in 1200 to legislate the size and composition of clerical retinues, and also ruled that the clergy, when saying

800:, or northern England. Negotiations broke down, but relations between the two countries remained good throughout the rest of Richard's reign. Talks with the Welsh began after the 1088:. Even Walter's supporters could only state that he was "moderately literate". Walter employed several canon lawyers who had been educated at Bologna in his household, including 1134:

says of Walter "The proliferation of documents was a European and a continuing phenomenon, yet if it were to be associated in England with one man, he would be Hubert Walter."

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to the see on 29 May 1193. He was chosen as archbishop without consultation from the bishops, who normally claimed the right to help decide the new archbishop. He received his

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in Canterbury, which was only settled when the pope ordered him to abandon the plan. Following Richard's death in 1199, Walter helped assure the elevation of Richard's brother

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Walter died on 13 July 1205, from a septic carbuncle on his back. The lingering character of his ailment permitted a reconciliation with his monks. The medieval chronicler

4600: 4499: 4408: 571:. The elevation of so many new bishops was probably meant to signal the new king's break with his father's habit of keeping bishoprics empty to retain the revenues of the 4570: 4525: 3280:

Heiser, Richard (1990). "The Households of the Justiciars of Richard I: An Inquiry into the Second Level of Medieval English Government". In Patterson, Robert B. (ed.).

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of Lancaster. Eventually in May 1194, John made peace with Richard, and was restored to favour, although the restoration of his lands did not occur until late in 1195.

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said that during Henry II's reign, Walter "ruled England because Glanvill sought his counsel". Documents also show that Walter was active in the administration of the

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to the see of York, which Walter had at first opposed. The bishopric was either a reward or a bribe for Walter's withdrawal of his objections to Geoffrey's election.

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Little is known of his appearance, although he was described by Gerald of Wales as tall and handsome. Gerald also praised his intelligence and cleverness.

5473: 4434: 4303: 626:, as well as to the monks of the cathedral chapter, and soon after Walter's return to England, he was duly elected archbishop of Canterbury, having been 4418: 4055: 4403: 4333: 4323: 535:

After the death of King Henry in 1189, the new King Richard I appointed Walter Bishop of Salisbury; the election took place on 15 September 1189 at

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The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct, or Dormant: Volume Two Bass to Canning

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in many ways, not just in financial administration, but also including diplomatic and judicial efforts. After an unsuccessful candidacy to the

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on purchased property at West Dereham, Norfolk in 1188. His uncle and other family members had favoured the Premonstratensian Order, and this

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John unless he submitted. John refused to submit, and was excommunicated. To defeat the rebellion, Walter was required to lay siege to

3198: 6072: 1005: 886:, should speak clearly and not speed up or slow down their speech. At the request of the papacy, Walter also led inquiries into the 335: – 13 July 1205) was an influential royal adviser in the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries in the positions of Chief 6390: 6370: 3173: 5466: 4265: 3417:

The Monastic Order in England: A History of its Development from the Times of St. Dunstan to the Fourth Lateran Council, 940–1216

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Walter was the butt of jokes about his lack of learning, and was the target of a series of tales from the pen of the chronicler

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Turner, Ralph V. (Spring 1990). "Who Was the Author of Glanvill? Reflections on the Education of Henry II's Common Lawyers".

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where he was being held. In April 1193 he returned to England to raise the king's ransom. Richard wrote to his mother, Queen

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two months later. While on crusade, he was praised by his fellow crusaders, and acted as Richard's principal negotiator with

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In 1187 Walter, along with Glanvill and King Henry II, attempted to mediate a dispute between the Archbishop of Canterbury,

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for a peace treaty. After the conclusion of the treaty with Saladin, Walter was in the first band of pilgrims that entered

476:. The king employed him on several tasks, including as a negotiator, a justice, and as a royal secretary. He was appointed 4047: 1118:

W. L. Warren advances the theory that either Walter or Geoffrey Fitz Peter, instead of Ranulf Glanvill, was the author of

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knew he had the support of Walter and William Marshal, he sent Walter ahead to England to request all free men to pledge

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Walter's tomb was opened in 1890 and his pair of buskins, crozier, paten (illustrated here) and chalice were discovered.

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Walter also helped with the creation of a more professional group of royal justices. Although the group, which included

432:, became a royal justice and died in 1206. Roger, Hamo (or Hamon) and Bartholomew only appear as witnesses to charters. 6355: 5459: 5344: 5313: 4735: 4631: 4398: 4860: 5660: 5491: 5360: 5326: 5308: 4890: 3879: 3857: 3642: 3588: 3463: 3424: 3367: 3289: 3162: 3098: 3041: 2840: 417: 396: 4875: 582:

Soon after his appointment, Walter accompanied the king on the Third Crusade, going ahead of the king directly from

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continue to keep the see vacant to keep receiving the income of York, which went to the king when a see was vacant.

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Church, S. D. (April 1995). "The Rewards of Royal Service in the Household of King John: A Dissenting Opinion".

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Kemp, Brian (July 1973). "Exchequer and Bench in the Later Twelfth Century—Separate or Identical Tribunals?".

777:, who appear for the first time in political life, is the first sign of the rise of this class who, either as 6360: 4728: 4171: 3379: 3113: 2970: 2914: 2855: 895: 841: 781:(MPs) or justices of the peace, later became the mainstay of English government. In 1198, Walter requested a 6395: 1012:

to seek peace with Philip Augustus. Philip insisted that John hand over Arthur of Brittany, Arthur's sister

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would strike back across the border. In 1196, Walter quickly suppressed a popular uprising in London led by

590:, Archbishop of Canterbury, and Ranulf de Glanvill. The group left Marseille in August 1190, and arrived at 4946: 4940: 4913: 4906: 1033: 763: 651: 627: 576: 669:

One of Walter's first acts as justiciar was in February 1194, when he presided over a feudal judgement of

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In foreign affairs, Walter negotiated with Scotland in 1195 and with the Welsh in 1197. Scotland claimed

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Turner, Ralph V. (Spring 1986). "Religious Patronage of Angevin Royal Administrators, c. 1170–1239".

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After Richard was freed, he spent little time in England, instead concentrating on the war with King

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There were precedents for such recording, as in 1166, King Henry II had ordered a third copy of the

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to administer justice. He also revived his predecessor's dispute over setting up a church to rival

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Reeve, Matthew M. (2003). "A Seat of Authority: The Archbishop's Throne at Canterbury Cathedral".

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One of Walter's first suggestions was to lower the fees for having charters confirmed, from nine

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in Wales and opposed the efforts of Gerald and others to elevate St David's to an archbishopric.

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Cheney, C. R. (July 1981). "Levies on the English clergy for the Poor and for the King, 1203".

1213: 1104:, who was one of Walter's executors. Elias is traditionally credited as being the architect of 891: 407:

to the throne. Walter also served John as a diplomat, undertaking several missions to France.

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in 1195 and an abbot of St Mary's in the province of the Archbishop of York. At the monastic

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Turner, Ralph V. (Winter 1979). "The Reputation of Royal Judges Under the Angevin Kings".

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be saved in the royal archives, and there were also Anglo-Saxon administrative precursors.

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lists Theobald as the eldest brother, other historians are not so sure that he was eldest.

742:. The first recorded "foot of the fine" is endorsed with the statement "This is the first 8: 6117: 5778: 5691: 5425: 5321: 5268: 5139: 4850: 4751: 4605: 4494: 4328: 4288: 4165: 4143: 4126: 4002: 3961: 3845: 3388: 3299: 1105: 1054: 751: 647: 375: 367: 305: 212: 109: 3222:

Harper-Bill, Christopher (1999). "John and the Church of Rome". In Church, S. D. (ed.).

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Neither of Walter's two modern biographers, however, feel that he was the author of the

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The House of Lords in the Middle Ages: A History of the English House of Lords to 1540

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Turner, Ralph V. (Spring 1997). "Richard Lionheart and English Episcopal Elections".

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Walter revived the scheme of his predecessor, Baldwin of Forde, to found a church in

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Turner, Ralph V. (Autumn 1975). "Roman Law in England Before the Time of Bracton".

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The Feudal Monarchy in France and England: From the Tenth to the Thirteenth Century

3482: 3384: 3313: 3252: 3122: 2979: 2927: 2923: 2864: 1151: 1101: 1097: 1024: 812: 767: 698: 587: 556: 512: 3625: 3111:(November 2004). "The Historian as Judge: William of Newburgh and Hubert Walter". 914: 6142: 6107: 6037: 5856: 5772: 5719: 5500: 5420: 5385: 5303: 5298: 5231: 5094: 5022: 4681: 4550: 4504: 4439: 4382: 4372: 4318: 4298: 4132: 4120: 4081: 3986: 3941: 3150: 3108: 3007: 2868: 1131: 1085: 1078: 1074: 678: 670: 548: 490: 445: 404: 344: 253: 232: 4880: 1023:

Besides sending Walter on diplomatic missions, King John gave Walter custody of

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Medieval Wordbook: More the 4,000 Terms and Expressions from Medieval Culture

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expanded into Welsh territory in 1195, causing a concern that the Welsh lord

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Dan Jones, "The Plantagenets: The Warrior Kings and Queens Who Made England"

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Hearn, M. F. (March 1994). "Canterbury Cathedral and the Cult of Becket".

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clergy. It drew heavily on earlier church decrees, including those of the

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This process of appropriating the revenues of a vacant see was known as

898:. Walter refused to acquiesce in the election of Gerald of Wales to the 610:

he heard of the king's capture, and diverted to Germany. He, along with

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12th-century English Chancellor, Justiciar, and Archbishop of Canterbury

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ruled for the monks and ordered Walter to destroy what had been built.

856: 743: 659: 615: 5625: 4835: 3829: 3792: 3419:(Second reprint ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. 3396: 3325: 2991: 2935: 2876: 5940: 5590: 5570: 5550: 5415: 4926: 4794: 4779: 3968: 3552: 3205:. Vol. 6: York. Institute of Historical Research. Archived from 3093:(Third revised ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. 1045: 599: 583: 473: 363: 336: 284: 179: 6240: 3745: 3706: 3667: 3473:

Mortimer, Richard (May 1981). "The Family of Rannulf de Glanville".

3256: 685:

himself. Walter employed his brother Theobald in similar actions in

6228: 5699: 5615: 5605: 5595: 5560: 5518: 4845: 4810: 4804: 4799: 4784: 3821: 3784: 3317: 1112:, who served both Walter and his predecessor as a Latin secretary. 1017: 960: 786: 782: 663: 536: 2953:

An Introduction to the Administrative History of Mediaeval England

5680: 5670: 5635: 5585: 5555: 5539: 4774: 790: 723: 702: 690: 638:

and was ceremonially enthroned at Canterbury on 7 November 1193.

631: 595: 524: 441: 425: 421: 4243: 614:, was among the first of Richard's subjects to find the king at 456: 5610: 5523: 3441:(Revised ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. 944: 774: 717:

He also worked to introduce order into the lending of money by

607: 874:

The archbishop held ecclesiastical councils, including one at

738:, or record of agreements reached in the royal courts, in the 6263: 4825: 3518: 1108:

after Walter's death. Another scholar employed by Walter was

964: 879: 878:

in 1195 that legislated that the clergy should collect their

833: 496:

At the same time he was administering York, Walter founded a

3852:. Cambridge, UK: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. 785:, or plough-tax, of five shillings on every plough-land, or 3089:

Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1996).

1695:

Turner "Richard Lionheart and English Episcopal Elections"

1612:

Turner "Richard Lionheart and English Episcopal Elections"

875: 864: 3284:. Vol. 2. London: Hambledon Press. pp. 223–235. 3506:. Translated by Hunt, E. D. New York: Harper Torchbooks. 822: 718: 3501: 3221: 3069: 1130:, and the historian Ralph Turner agrees. The historian 428:, which were inherited by Theobald. A younger brother, 6193: 3908:

Hubert Walter: Lord of Canterbury and Lord of England

3014:(Second ed.). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. 2833:

England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings: 1075–1225

1121:

Tractatus de legibus et consuetudinibus regni Angliae

6186:

indicate a person who was elected but not confirmed.

3844: 3050: 930:, which dates to soon after 1219, when word reached 3433: 2827: 634:, the symbol of his archiepiscopal authority, from 3196: 3171: 3055:(Reprint ed.). Woodbridge, UK: D. S. Brewer. 3036:(Microprint ed.). Gloucester, UK: A. Sutton. 3028: 547:. Also elected to bishoprics at this council were 448:said of Walter that the Exchequer was his school. 3905: 3597: 3538: 3472: 3453: 3340: 3302:(November 1961). "King John and the Historians". 347:. As chancellor, Walter began the keeping of the 6317: 3874:. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 3807: 3768: 3729: 3690: 3651: 3632: 3475:Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research 3439:Church Life in England in the Thirteenth Century 3298: 3149: 3107: 3012:From Memory to Written Record: England 1066–1307 2849: 2572: 2570: 2530: 2332:Quoted in Cheney "Levies on the English Clergy" 1329:Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research 844:, he disciplined the monks between the death of 6346:13th-century English Roman Catholic archbishops 6341:12th-century English Roman Catholic archbishops 3357: 3279: 2542: 1073:Walter was not a holy man, although he was, as 793:. It is likely that those jurors were elected. 358:Walter owed his early advancement to his uncle 3411: 3006: 2950: 2417: 2247: 2245: 2243: 2060: 2058: 1665: 1663: 1661: 508:was located near the family lands in Norfolk. 5481: 5467: 4736: 4259: 4063: 3893:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. 3888: 3866: 2967: 2911: 2891: 2567: 1746: 1744: 51:Statue of Hubert Walter from the exterior of 3240: 3053:A Dictionary of Medieval Terms & Phrases 2791: 2661: 2635: 2596: 2297: 2005: 2003: 1879: 1877: 1423: 1421: 1419: 1417: 1415: 485:in September 1186. The medieval chronicler 3575: 3376: 2955:(Third ed.). Oxford: Basil Blackwell. 2804: 2648: 2622: 2609: 2478: 2465: 2452: 2284: 2240: 2227: 2162: 2136: 2123: 2110: 2084: 2071: 2055: 1987: 1702: 1658: 1632: 1619: 1554: 1528: 1476: 1334: 705:by each county court. The coroners were to 527:, which was less threatening to the monks. 378:shortly after the accession of Henry's son 5474: 5460: 4743: 4729: 4266: 4252: 4070: 4056: 2778: 2765: 2726: 2700: 2669:England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings 2583: 2554: 2536:Quoted in Gillingham "Historian as Judge" 2486:England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings 2315: 2313: 2292:England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings 2201: 2188: 2175: 2118:England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings 2066:England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings 2029: 1995:England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings 1919: 1896:Carpenter "Decline of the Curial Sheriff" 1890: 1741: 1627:England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings 1567: 1439: 1437: 1399: 1327:Mortimer "Family of Rannulf de Glanville" 586:to the Holy Land in a group that included 395:, based on selecting four knights in each 45: 3581:A Companion to Medieval England 1066–1485 2797:Turner "Who Was the Author of Glanvill?" 2628:Hollister "King John and the Historians" 2504: 2491: 2430: 2339: 2042: 2000: 1937: 1935: 1908: 1906: 1874: 1796: 1412: 1255: 1253: 1239: 1237: 1235: 4750: 3850:God's War: A New History of the Crusades 3157:. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. 2752: 2713: 2687: 2517: 2404: 2258: 2214: 2097: 1974: 1861: 1757: 1541: 1450: 1321: 1273: 1271: 1269: 1044: 918:King John from the medieval manuscript, 913: 530: 472:By 1184–1185 Walter had a position as a 455: 3604:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2739: 2674: 2391: 2378: 2352: 2326: 2310: 2149: 2016: 1961: 1948: 1848: 1835: 1822: 1770: 1728: 1715: 1689: 1593: 1580: 1515: 1502: 1489: 1463: 1434: 1373: 1317:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 622:, that Walter should be chosen for the 460:The capture of King Richard I from the 362:, who helped him become a clerk of the 6318: 3891:The Justiciarship in England 1066–1232 2365: 2345:Cheney "Levies on the English Clergy" 2271: 2048:Heiser "Households of the Justiciars" 1932: 1903: 1809: 1783: 1676: 1645: 1386: 1311: 1309: 1307: 1250: 1232: 823:Ecclesiastical affairs and resignation 689:, and rewarded him with the office of 91:(elected but died before consecration) 5455: 4724: 4247: 4051: 3910:. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. 1347: 1305: 1303: 1301: 1299: 1297: 1295: 1293: 1291: 1289: 1287: 1266: 6270: 3203:Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300 3178:Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300 2732:Turner "Reputation of Royal Judges" 1549:Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300 1360: 1245:Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300 451: 3526:. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. 1040: 19:For the German anthropologist, see 13: 3487:10.1111/j.1468-2281.1981.tb02034.x 3389:10.1093/ehr/LXXXVIII.CCCXLVIII.559 3345:. London: Adam and Charles Black. 2899:. London: Thomas Nelson and Sons. 2560:Church "Rewards of Royal Service" 2423:Harper-Bill "John and the Church" 1284: 387:Walter accompanied Richard on the 14: 6407: 5492:List of archbishops of Canterbury 4273: 3502:Petit-Dutaillis, Charles (1964). 3226:. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell Press. 3070:Cosman, Madeleine Pelner (2007). 1100:. He also employed the architect 747:Theobald, who was the plaintiff. 6296: 6279: 6251: 6239: 6227: 6215: 6203: 3074:. New York: Barnes & Noble. 2548:Gillingham "Historian as Judge" 1212:The tomb may have been built by 6391:Burials at Canterbury Cathedral 6371:Christians of the Third Crusade 3635:King John: England's Evil King? 2835:. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press. 2443: 1606: 1206: 1191: 1181: 1168: 1158: 963:to eighteen shillings and four 701:to secure the election of four 3224:King John: New Interpretations 3091:Handbook of British Chronology 1752:Handbook of British Chronology 1710:Handbook of British Chronology 1536:Handbook of British Chronology 1143: 21:Hubert Walter (anthropologist) 1: 3380:The English Historical Review 3114:The English Historical Review 3051:Coredon, Christopher (2007). 2971:The English Historical Review 2915:The English Historical Review 2856:The English Historical Review 2820: 2812:From Memory to Written Record 2523:Hearn "Canterbury Cathedral" 2471:Turner "Religious Patronage" 2438:From Memory to Written Record 2360:Companion to Medieval England 2037:From Memory to Written Record 2024:Companion to Medieval England 1429:From Memory to Written Record 1407:From Memory to Written Record 909: 612:William of Sainte-Mère-Eglise 410: 4429:Hélie de Talleyrand-Périgord 3626:UK public library membership 3600:"Walter, Hubert (died 1205)" 2928:10.1093/ehr/XCVI.CCCLXXX.577 1261:Complete Peerage: Volume Two 1226: 641: 7: 6386:Lord chancellors of England 3606:. Oxford University Press. 3383:. lxxxviii (348): 559–573. 3197:Greenway, Diana E. (1999). 3172:Greenway, Diana E. (1991). 1967:Kemp "Exchequer and Bench" 10: 6412: 3906:Young, Charles R. (1968). 3772:Journal of British Studies 3598:Stacey, Robert C. (2004). 3454:Mortimer, Richard (1994). 3341:Joliffe, J. E. A. (1955). 3305:Journal of British Studies 2869:10.1093/ehr/XCI.CCCLVIII.1 2682:Journal of British Studies 2630:Journal of British Studies 2510:Reeve "Seat of Authority" 2497:Reeve "Seat of Authority" 1200:Constitutions of Clarendon 714:purely financial aspects. 180:Chief Justiciar of England 18: 6356:Archbishops of Canterbury 6181: 5986: 5689: 5498: 5489: 5483:Archbishops of Canterbury 5353: 5153: 5007: 4924: 4758: 4619: 4513: 4391: 4281: 4208: 4181: 4142: 4097: 4036: 4027: 4019: 4009: 4000: 3992: 3985: 3975: 3966: 3958: 3948: 3939: 3931: 3926: 3633:Turner, Ralph V. (2005). 3458:. Oxford, UK: Blackwell. 3456:Angevin England 1154–1258 3360:King John and Magna Carta 2562:English Historical Review 2550:English Historical Review 2538:English Historical Review 2347:English Historical Review 2334:English Historical Review 1969:English Historical Review 1898:English Historical Review 1843:King John and Magna Carta 1817:King John and Magna Carta 1723:King John and Magna Carta 435:Walter's family was from 319: 315: 311: 301: 290: 283: 271: 259: 249: 238: 230: 218: 206: 196: 185: 178: 174: 170: 160: 149: 141: 133: 128: 120: 115: 105: 95: 83: 75: 67: 59: 44: 37: 30: 4916:and removed to Old Sarum 4030:Archbishop of Canterbury 3522:; Wallis, Keith (1968). 3358:Jones, J. A. P. (1971). 3127:10.1093/ehr/119.484.1275 2747:Justiciarship in England 1943:Justiciarship in England 1315:Stacey "Walter, Hubert" 1220:in Canterbury Cathedral. 1137: 341:Archbishop of Canterbury 39:Archbishop of Canterbury 6113:Archibald Campbell Tait 3282:Haskins Society Journal 2951:Chrimes, S. B. (1966). 2050:Haskins Society Journal 1004:, William Marshal, and 928:Life of William Marshal 515:, and the monks of the 6093:Charles Manners-Sutton 6024:Episcopacy abolished ( 5252:Episcopacy abolished ( 4521:Christopher Bainbridge 4294:William of St. Barbara 3987:Catholic Church titles 3889:West, Francis (1966). 3810:Law and History Review 3637:. Stroud, UK: Tempus. 3612:10.1093/ref:odnb/28633 3583:. Stroud, UK: Tempus. 2984:10.1093/ehr/CX.436.277 2799:Law and History Review 1214:William the Englishman 1050: 923: 892:Gilbert of Sempringham 842:cathedral of Worcester 836:, including Robert of 543:on 22 October 1189 at 474:baron of the exchequer 469: 285:Baron of the Exchequer 6381:Justiciars of England 5798:John of Sittingbourne 5748:Reginald Fitz Jocelin 5054:Lawrence de Awkeburne 4647:William Foxley Norris 4378:Robert de Scarborough 4023:Reginald Fitz Jocelin 1048: 1034:Third Lateran Council 917: 896:Wulfstan of Worcester 779:Members of Parliament 531:Bishop and archbishop 487:Gervase of Canterbury 459: 393:justices of the peace 374:, Walter was elected 366:. Walter served King 6361:Bishops of Salisbury 6083:Frederick Cornwallis 5376:Walter Kerr Hamilton 5060:William de la Corner 4752:Bishops of Salisbury 4193:William de Longchamp 3846:Tyerman, Christopher 3209:on 28 September 2007 1064:Canterbury Cathedral 848:and the election of 677:for the purposes of 620:Eleanor of Aquitaine 401:Christ Church Priory 155:Canterbury Cathedral 88:Reginald fitzJocelin 53:Canterbury Cathedral 6118:Edward White Benson 5322:Robert Hay Drummond 4606:Richard Osbaldeston 4495:Christopher Urswick 4364:Roger de Holderness 4339:Geoffrey de Norwich 4166:Ralph de Warneville 4127:William FitzGilbert 4003:Bishop of Salisbury 3979:Geoffrey Fitz Peter 3962:Walter de Coutances 3435:Moorman, John R. H. 3362:. London: Longman. 2829:Bartlett, Robert C. 2680:Turner "Roman Law" 2667:Quoted in Bartlett 1551:Volume 4: Salisbury 1547:Greenway "Bishops" 1370:p. 3 and footnote 1 1216:, who designed the 1106:Salisbury Cathedral 1055:Ralph of Coggeshall 969:Geoffrey Fitz Peter 817:William Fitz Osbern 752:Simon of Pattishall 648:Philip II of France 376:Bishop of Salisbury 368:Henry II of England 213:Walter de Coutances 110:Bishop of Salisbury 5901:William Whittlesey 5879:Thomas Bradwardine 5822:William Chillenden 5811:Edmund of Abingdon 5715:William de Corbeil 5676:Robert of Jumièges 5651:Ælfric of Abingdon 5546:Theodore of Tarsus 5396:St Clair Donaldson 5391:Frederick Ridgeway 5065:Nicholas Longespee 5038:Robert Wickhampton 4976:Josceline de Bohon 4970:Philip de Harcourt 4710:Dominic Barrington 4115:Philip de Harcourt 3996:Josceline de Bohon 3927:Political offices 3121:(484): 1275–1287. 3030:Cokayne, George E. 2358:Saul "Government" 1883:Powell and Wallis 1802:Powell and Wallis 1094:Simon of Southwell 1051: 1006:Robert de Beaumont 936:Arthur of Brittany 924: 809:William de Briouze 764:William de Warenne 683:Marlborough Castle 636:Pope Celestine III 506:West Dereham Abbey 483:Archbishop of York 470: 360:Ranulf de Glanvill 225:Geoffrey fitzPeter 153:Trinity Chapel in 6191: 6190: 5911:William Courtenay 5867:John de Stratford 5845:Robert Winchelsey 5731:Roger de Bailleul 5449: 5448: 5264:Humphrey Henchman 5182:Gasparo Contarini 5166:Lorenzo Campeggio 5125:Richard Beauchamp 5033:Walter de la Wyle 5028:Giles of Bridport 5018:Robert de Bingham 4766:see erected from 4718: 4717: 4662:Eric Milner-White 4642:Arthur Purey-Cust 4637:Augustus Duncombe 4561:John Thornborough 4500:William Sheffield 4435:Angelicus Grimaud 4409:William Pickering 4399:William Hambleton 4349:Walter of Kirkham 4304:Robert Butevilain 4241: 4240: 4046: 4045: 4037:Succeeded by 4010:Succeeded by 3976:Succeeded by 3949:Succeeded by 3624:(subscription or 3233:978-0-85115-947-8 3081:978-0-7607-8725-0 3062:978-1-84384-138-8 3021:978-0-631-16857-7 2277:Quoted in Warren 1927:Medieval Wordbook 1243:Greenway "Deans" 1090:John of Tynemouth 1010:Earl of Leicester 994:Bishop of Norwich 973:Roger of Wendover 926:According to the 922:c. 1250–1259 920:Historia Anglorum 900:see of St David's 850:John of Coutances 624:see of Canterbury 565:William Longchamp 553:see of Winchester 517:cathedral chapter 498:Premonstratensian 452:Early assignments 323: 322: 166:Maud de Valoignes 6403: 6396:Coroner's courts 6326:Lord chancellors 6309: 6301: 6300: 6299: 6292: 6284: 6283: 6282: 6272: 6256: 6255: 6254: 6244: 6243: 6232: 6231: 6220: 6219: 6208: 6207: 6206: 6199: 6128:Randall Davidson 6123:Frederick Temple 6103:John Bird Sumner 6043:William Sancroft 6009:Richard Bancroft 5987:Post-Reformation 5946:Thomas Bourchier 5890:William Edington 5828:Robert Kilwardby 5785:Richard le Grant 5779:Walter d'Eynsham 5742:Baldwin of Forde 5737:Richard of Dover 5476: 5469: 5462: 5453: 5452: 5431:David Stancliffe 5411:William Anderson 5340:Shute Barrington 5171:Nicholas Shaxton 5130:Lionel Woodville 5120:William Ayscough 5100:Nicholas Bubwith 5048:Henry Brandeston 4912:see united with 4759:see at Sherborne 4745: 4738: 4731: 4722: 4721: 4632:William Cockburn 4581:William Sancroft 4526:James Harrington 4450:Richard Clifford 4419:William de Colby 4414:Robert Pickering 4268: 4261: 4254: 4245: 4244: 4082:Lord Chancellors 4072: 4065: 4058: 4049: 4048: 4020:Preceded by 3993:Preceded by 3959:Preceded by 3932:Preceded by 3924: 3923: 3919: 3902: 3885: 3863: 3841: 3804: 3765: 3726: 3687: 3648: 3629: 3622: 3620: 3618: 3594: 3572: 3553:10.2307/25067082 3535: 3520:Powell, J. Enoch 3515: 3498: 3469: 3450: 3430: 3408: 3373: 3354: 3343:Angevin Kingship 3337: 3300:Hollister, C. W. 3295: 3276: 3244:The Art Bulletin 3237: 3218: 3216: 3214: 3193: 3191: 3189: 3168: 3151:Gillingham, John 3146: 3109:Gillingham, John 3104: 3085: 3066: 3047: 3025: 3003: 2978:(436): 277–302. 2964: 2947: 2922:(380): 577–584. 2908: 2888: 2851:Carpenter, D. A. 2846: 2815: 2808: 2802: 2795: 2789: 2782: 2776: 2769: 2763: 2756: 2750: 2743: 2737: 2730: 2724: 2717: 2711: 2704: 2698: 2691: 2685: 2678: 2672: 2665: 2659: 2652: 2646: 2639: 2633: 2626: 2620: 2613: 2607: 2600: 2594: 2587: 2581: 2574: 2565: 2558: 2552: 2546: 2540: 2534: 2528: 2521: 2515: 2508: 2502: 2495: 2489: 2482: 2476: 2469: 2463: 2456: 2450: 2447: 2441: 2434: 2428: 2421: 2415: 2408: 2402: 2395: 2389: 2382: 2376: 2369: 2363: 2356: 2350: 2343: 2337: 2330: 2324: 2317: 2308: 2307:pp. 117–118 2303:Petit-Dutaillis 2301: 2295: 2288: 2282: 2275: 2269: 2262: 2256: 2249: 2238: 2231: 2225: 2218: 2212: 2205: 2199: 2192: 2186: 2185:pp. 111–112 2179: 2173: 2166: 2160: 2153: 2147: 2140: 2134: 2127: 2121: 2114: 2108: 2101: 2095: 2088: 2082: 2075: 2069: 2062: 2053: 2046: 2040: 2033: 2027: 2020: 2014: 2007: 1998: 1991: 1985: 1978: 1972: 1965: 1959: 1952: 1946: 1939: 1930: 1923: 1917: 1910: 1901: 1894: 1888: 1881: 1872: 1865: 1859: 1856:Angevin Kingship 1852: 1846: 1839: 1833: 1826: 1820: 1813: 1807: 1800: 1794: 1787: 1781: 1774: 1768: 1763:Quoted in Young 1761: 1755: 1748: 1739: 1732: 1726: 1719: 1713: 1706: 1700: 1693: 1687: 1680: 1674: 1667: 1656: 1649: 1643: 1636: 1630: 1623: 1617: 1610: 1604: 1597: 1591: 1584: 1578: 1571: 1565: 1558: 1552: 1545: 1539: 1532: 1526: 1519: 1513: 1506: 1500: 1493: 1487: 1480: 1474: 1467: 1461: 1454: 1448: 1441: 1432: 1425: 1410: 1403: 1397: 1390: 1384: 1379:Quoted in Young 1377: 1371: 1364: 1358: 1351: 1345: 1338: 1332: 1325: 1319: 1313: 1282: 1275: 1264: 1257: 1248: 1241: 1221: 1210: 1204: 1195: 1189: 1185: 1179: 1172: 1166: 1162: 1156: 1152:Complete Peerage 1147: 1102:Elias of Dereham 1098:Honorius of Kent 1041:Death and legacy 1025:Rochester Castle 813:Rhys ap Gruffydd 768:Richard Herriard 699:Articles of Eyre 654:. The historian 588:Baldwin of Forde 557:Richard FitzNeal 513:Baldwin of Forde 383: 334: 295: 274: 262: 243: 221: 209: 190: 129:Personal details 49: 28: 27: 6411: 6410: 6406: 6405: 6404: 6402: 6401: 6400: 6316: 6315: 6312: 6308:from Wikisource 6302: 6297: 6295: 6285: 6280: 6278: 6275: 6271:sister projects 6268:at Knowledge's 6262: 6252: 6250: 6238: 6226: 6214: 6204: 6202: 6194: 6192: 6187: 6177: 6143:Geoffrey Fisher 6108:Charles Longley 6038:Gilbert Sheldon 5982: 5857:Walter Reynolds 5773:Stephen Langton 5720:Theobald of Bec 5710:Ralph d'Escures 5685: 5494: 5485: 5480: 5450: 5445: 5421:George Reindorp 5386:John Wordsworth 5349: 5304:Thomas Sherlock 5299:Benjamin Hoadly 5232:Martin Fotherby 5149: 5095:Richard Mitford 5023:William de York 5003: 4996:see removed to 4920: 4754: 4749: 4719: 4714: 4682:Raymond Furnell 4667:Alan Richardson 4615: 4551:Nicholas Wotton 4509: 4505:Geoffrey Blythe 4440:Edmund Stafford 4404:Raymond de Goth 4387: 4383:Henry of Newark 4373:William Langton 4334:Roger de Insula 4324:William Testard 4319:Simon of Apulia 4299:Robert of Ghent 4277: 4272: 4242: 4237: 4212: 4204: 4185: 4177: 4146: 4138: 4133:Robert of Ghent 4121:Robert of Ghent 4101: 4093: 4076: 4042: 4033: 4025: 4015: 4006: 3998: 3981: 3972: 3969:Chief Justiciar 3964: 3954: 3945: 3942:Lord Chancellor 3937: 3922: 3882: 3860: 3746:10.2307/4051592 3707:10.2307/4048542 3668:10.2307/4048700 3645: 3623: 3616: 3614: 3591: 3466: 3427: 3370: 3292: 3257:10.2307/3046001 3234: 3212: 3210: 3187: 3185: 3184:on 19 July 2011 3165: 3101: 3082: 3063: 3044: 3022: 2843: 2823: 2818: 2809: 2805: 2796: 2792: 2783: 2779: 2770: 2766: 2757: 2753: 2744: 2740: 2731: 2727: 2718: 2714: 2705: 2701: 2692: 2688: 2679: 2675: 2666: 2662: 2653: 2649: 2640: 2636: 2627: 2623: 2617:Angevin England 2614: 2610: 2601: 2597: 2588: 2584: 2575: 2568: 2559: 2555: 2547: 2543: 2535: 2531: 2522: 2518: 2509: 2505: 2496: 2492: 2483: 2479: 2470: 2466: 2457: 2453: 2448: 2444: 2435: 2431: 2422: 2418: 2409: 2405: 2396: 2392: 2383: 2379: 2370: 2366: 2357: 2353: 2344: 2340: 2331: 2327: 2318: 2311: 2305:Feudal Monarchy 2302: 2298: 2289: 2285: 2276: 2272: 2263: 2259: 2250: 2241: 2235:Angevin England 2232: 2228: 2219: 2215: 2206: 2202: 2193: 2189: 2180: 2176: 2167: 2163: 2154: 2150: 2141: 2137: 2128: 2124: 2115: 2111: 2102: 2098: 2089: 2085: 2076: 2072: 2063: 2056: 2047: 2043: 2034: 2030: 2021: 2017: 2008: 2001: 1992: 1988: 1979: 1975: 1966: 1962: 1953: 1949: 1940: 1933: 1924: 1920: 1911: 1904: 1895: 1891: 1882: 1875: 1866: 1862: 1853: 1849: 1840: 1836: 1827: 1823: 1814: 1810: 1801: 1797: 1788: 1784: 1775: 1771: 1762: 1758: 1749: 1742: 1733: 1729: 1720: 1716: 1707: 1703: 1694: 1690: 1681: 1677: 1668: 1659: 1650: 1646: 1637: 1633: 1624: 1620: 1611: 1607: 1598: 1594: 1585: 1581: 1572: 1568: 1559: 1555: 1546: 1542: 1533: 1529: 1520: 1516: 1507: 1503: 1494: 1490: 1481: 1477: 1468: 1464: 1455: 1451: 1442: 1435: 1426: 1413: 1404: 1400: 1391: 1387: 1378: 1374: 1365: 1361: 1352: 1348: 1339: 1335: 1326: 1322: 1314: 1285: 1276: 1267: 1258: 1251: 1242: 1233: 1229: 1224: 1211: 1207: 1196: 1192: 1186: 1182: 1173: 1169: 1163: 1159: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1132:Michael Clanchy 1086:Gerald of Wales 1079:Hugh of Lincoln 1075:John Gillingham 1043: 932:William Marshal 912: 825: 679:excommunicating 658:wrote that the 644: 549:Godfrey de Lucy 533: 491:diocese of York 466:Petrus de Ebulo 454: 446:Gerald of Wales 418:Theobald Walter 413: 379: 353:English history 345:Lord Chancellor 332: 296: 291: 272: 260: 244: 239: 233:Lord Chancellor 219: 207: 191: 186: 165: 124:22 October 1189 90: 71:7 November 1193 55: 33: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6409: 6399: 6398: 6393: 6388: 6383: 6378: 6373: 6368: 6366:Butler dynasty 6363: 6358: 6353: 6348: 6343: 6338: 6333: 6328: 6311: 6310: 6293: 6264: 6261: 6260: 6248: 6236: 6224: 6212: 6189: 6188: 6182: 6179: 6178: 6176: 6175: 6170: 6168:Rowan Williams 6165: 6160: 6155: 6150: 6148:Michael Ramsey 6145: 6140: 6138:William Temple 6135: 6130: 6125: 6120: 6115: 6110: 6105: 6100: 6098:William Howley 6095: 6090: 6085: 6080: 6075: 6073:Matthew Hutton 6070: 6068:Thomas Herring 6065: 6060: 6055: 6053:Thomas Tenison 6050: 6048:John Tillotson 6045: 6040: 6035: 6030: 6021: 6016: 6011: 6006: 6001: 5999:Edmund Grindal 5996: 5994:Matthew Parker 5990: 5988: 5984: 5983: 5981: 5980: 5975: 5973:Thomas Cranmer 5970: 5968:William Warham 5965: 5960: 5957:Thomas Langton 5953: 5948: 5943: 5938: 5933: 5931:Henry Chichele 5928: 5926:Thomas Arundel 5923: 5918: 5916:Thomas Arundel 5913: 5908: 5903: 5898: 5893: 5886: 5881: 5876: 5873:John de Ufford 5869: 5864: 5859: 5854: 5847: 5842: 5837: 5834:Robert Burnell 5830: 5825: 5818: 5813: 5808: 5801: 5794: 5787: 5782: 5775: 5770: 5763: 5756: 5751: 5744: 5739: 5734: 5727: 5722: 5717: 5712: 5707: 5702: 5696: 5694: 5687: 5686: 5684: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5663: 5658: 5653: 5648: 5643: 5638: 5633: 5628: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5608: 5603: 5598: 5593: 5588: 5583: 5578: 5573: 5568: 5563: 5558: 5553: 5548: 5543: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5505: 5503: 5496: 5495: 5490: 5487: 5486: 5479: 5478: 5471: 5464: 5456: 5447: 5446: 5444: 5443: 5438: 5433: 5428: 5423: 5418: 5413: 5408: 5403: 5401:Neville Lovett 5398: 5393: 5388: 5383: 5381:George Moberly 5378: 5373: 5371:Edward Denison 5368: 5366:Thomas Burgess 5363: 5357: 5355: 5351: 5350: 5348: 5347: 5342: 5337: 5332: 5324: 5319: 5311: 5306: 5301: 5296: 5294:Richard Willis 5291: 5289:William Talbot 5286: 5284:Gilbert Burnet 5281: 5276: 5274:Alexander Hyde 5271: 5266: 5261: 5258: 5249: 5244: 5239: 5237:Robert Tounson 5234: 5229: 5224: 5219: 5214: 5209: 5204: 5199: 5196:Francis Mallet 5192: 5185: 5178: 5173: 5168: 5163: 5157: 5155: 5151: 5150: 5148: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5135:Thomas Langton 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5115:Robert Neville 5112: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5077: 5075:Roger Martival 5072: 5070:Simon of Ghent 5067: 5062: 5057: 5050: 5045: 5043:Walter Scammel 5040: 5035: 5030: 5025: 5020: 5015: 5011: 5009: 5005: 5004: 5002: 5001: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4973: 4966: 4963:Henry of Sully 4959: 4954: 4949: 4944: 4931: 4929: 4922: 4921: 4919: 4918: 4909: 4904: 4898: 4893: 4888: 4883: 4878: 4873: 4868: 4863: 4858: 4853: 4848: 4843: 4838: 4833: 4828: 4823: 4818: 4813: 4807: 4802: 4797: 4792: 4787: 4782: 4777: 4771: 4762: 4760: 4756: 4755: 4748: 4747: 4740: 4733: 4725: 4716: 4715: 4713: 4712: 4707: 4705:Jonathan Frost 4702: 4694: 4692:Vivienne Faull 4689: 4684: 4679: 4677:John Southgate 4674: 4669: 4664: 4659: 4654: 4649: 4644: 4639: 4634: 4629: 4627:George Markham 4623: 4621: 4617: 4616: 4614: 4613: 4611:John Fountayne 4608: 4603: 4598: 4593: 4591:Tobias Wickham 4588: 4583: 4578: 4576:Richard Marshe 4573: 4568: 4566:George Meriton 4563: 4558: 4556:Matthew Hutton 4553: 4548: 4546:Richard Layton 4543: 4538: 4533: 4528: 4523: 4517: 4515: 4511: 4510: 4508: 4507: 4502: 4497: 4492: 4487: 4485:Richard Andrew 4482: 4480:William Felter 4477: 4475:Robert Gilbert 4472: 4467: 4462: 4457: 4455:Thomas Langley 4452: 4447: 4442: 4437: 4431: 4426: 4424:William Zouche 4421: 4416: 4411: 4406: 4401: 4395: 4393: 4389: 4388: 4386: 4385: 4380: 4375: 4370: 4361: 4359:Godfrey Ludham 4356: 4354:Sewal de Bovil 4351: 4346: 4341: 4336: 4331: 4326: 4321: 4316: 4311: 4306: 4301: 4296: 4291: 4285: 4283: 4279: 4278: 4271: 4270: 4263: 4256: 4248: 4239: 4238: 4236: 4235: 4229: 4226:Walter de Gray 4223: 4216: 4214: 4206: 4205: 4203: 4202: 4196: 4189: 4187: 4179: 4178: 4176: 4175: 4169: 4163: 4160:Geoffrey Ridel 4157: 4150: 4148: 4140: 4139: 4137: 4136: 4130: 4124: 4118: 4112: 4105: 4103: 4095: 4094: 4086:House of Blois 4075: 4074: 4067: 4060: 4052: 4044: 4043: 4038: 4035: 4026: 4021: 4017: 4016: 4011: 4008: 3999: 3994: 3990: 3989: 3983: 3982: 3977: 3974: 3965: 3960: 3956: 3955: 3952:Walter de Gray 3950: 3947: 3938: 3933: 3929: 3928: 3921: 3920: 3903: 3886: 3880: 3864: 3858: 3842: 3822:10.2307/743677 3805: 3785:10.1086/385676 3766: 3727: 3701:(4): 301–316. 3688: 3649: 3643: 3630: 3595: 3589: 3573: 3547:(2): 131–142. 3536: 3516: 3499: 3470: 3464: 3451: 3431: 3425: 3413:Knowles, David 3409: 3374: 3368: 3355: 3338: 3318:10.1086/385431 3296: 3290: 3277: 3238: 3232: 3219: 3194: 3169: 3163: 3147: 3105: 3099: 3086: 3080: 3067: 3061: 3048: 3042: 3026: 3020: 3008:Clanchy, M. T. 3004: 2965: 2948: 2909: 2889: 2847: 2841: 2824: 2822: 2819: 2817: 2816: 2803: 2790: 2777: 2764: 2751: 2738: 2725: 2712: 2699: 2686: 2673: 2660: 2647: 2634: 2621: 2608: 2595: 2582: 2566: 2553: 2541: 2529: 2516: 2503: 2490: 2477: 2464: 2460:Monastic Order 2451: 2442: 2429: 2416: 2403: 2390: 2377: 2364: 2351: 2338: 2325: 2309: 2296: 2283: 2270: 2257: 2239: 2226: 2213: 2200: 2187: 2174: 2170:Monastic Order 2161: 2148: 2144:Monastic Order 2135: 2131:Monastic Order 2122: 2109: 2096: 2083: 2070: 2054: 2041: 2028: 2015: 1999: 1986: 1973: 1960: 1947: 1931: 1918: 1902: 1889: 1885:House of Lords 1873: 1860: 1847: 1834: 1821: 1808: 1804:House of Lords 1795: 1782: 1769: 1756: 1750:Fryde, et al. 1740: 1727: 1714: 1708:Fryde, et al. 1701: 1688: 1675: 1657: 1644: 1631: 1618: 1605: 1592: 1579: 1566: 1553: 1540: 1534:Fryde, et al. 1527: 1514: 1501: 1488: 1484:Monastic Order 1475: 1462: 1449: 1433: 1411: 1398: 1385: 1372: 1359: 1346: 1333: 1320: 1283: 1265: 1249: 1247:Volume 6: York 1230: 1228: 1225: 1223: 1222: 1218:Trinity Chapel 1205: 1190: 1180: 1176:Regalian right 1167: 1157: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1110:Peter of Blois 1060:Trinity Chapel 1042: 1039: 911: 908: 859:that would be 846:Henry de Sully 827:Walter held a 824: 821: 805:Roger Mortimer 643: 640: 532: 529: 453: 450: 412: 409: 321: 320: 317: 316: 313: 312: 309: 308: 303: 299: 298: 288: 287: 281: 280: 278:Walter de Gray 275: 269: 268: 263: 257: 256: 251: 247: 246: 236: 235: 228: 227: 222: 216: 215: 210: 204: 203: 198: 194: 193: 183: 182: 176: 175: 172: 171: 168: 167: 162: 158: 157: 151: 147: 146: 143: 139: 138: 135: 131: 130: 126: 125: 122: 118: 117: 113: 112: 107: 103: 102: 97: 93: 92: 85: 81: 80: 77: 73: 72: 69: 65: 64: 61: 57: 56: 50: 42: 41: 35: 34: 31: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6408: 6397: 6394: 6392: 6389: 6387: 6384: 6382: 6379: 6377: 6376:Deans of York 6374: 6372: 6369: 6367: 6364: 6362: 6359: 6357: 6354: 6352: 6351:Anglo-Normans 6349: 6347: 6344: 6342: 6339: 6337: 6334: 6332: 6329: 6327: 6324: 6323: 6321: 6314: 6307: 6306: 6294: 6290: 6289: 6277: 6276: 6273: 6267: 6266:Hubert Walter 6259: 6249: 6247: 6242: 6237: 6235: 6230: 6225: 6223: 6218: 6213: 6211: 6201: 6200: 6197: 6185: 6180: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6161: 6159: 6158:Robert Runcie 6156: 6154: 6153:Donald Coggan 6151: 6149: 6146: 6144: 6141: 6139: 6136: 6134: 6131: 6129: 6126: 6124: 6121: 6119: 6116: 6114: 6111: 6109: 6106: 6104: 6101: 6099: 6096: 6094: 6091: 6089: 6086: 6084: 6081: 6079: 6078:Thomas Secker 6076: 6074: 6071: 6069: 6066: 6064: 6061: 6059: 6056: 6054: 6051: 6049: 6046: 6044: 6041: 6039: 6036: 6034: 6033:William Juxon 6031: 6029: 6027: 6022: 6020: 6017: 6015: 6012: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6004:John Whitgift 6002: 6000: 5997: 5995: 5992: 5991: 5989: 5985: 5979: 5978:Reginald Pole 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5958: 5954: 5952: 5949: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5939: 5937: 5936:John Stafford 5934: 5932: 5929: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5907: 5906:Simon Sudbury 5904: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5896:Simon Langham 5894: 5892: 5891: 5887: 5885: 5882: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5874: 5870: 5868: 5865: 5863: 5862:Simon Mepeham 5860: 5858: 5855: 5853: 5852: 5851:Thomas Cobham 5848: 5846: 5843: 5841: 5838: 5836: 5835: 5831: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5823: 5819: 5817: 5814: 5812: 5809: 5807: 5806: 5802: 5800: 5799: 5795: 5793: 5792: 5791:Ralph Neville 5788: 5786: 5783: 5781: 5780: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5768: 5764: 5762: 5761: 5757: 5755: 5754:Hubert Walter 5752: 5750: 5749: 5745: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5732: 5728: 5726: 5725:Thomas Becket 5723: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5697: 5695: 5693: 5688: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5657: 5654: 5652: 5649: 5647: 5644: 5642: 5639: 5637: 5634: 5632: 5629: 5627: 5624: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5567: 5564: 5562: 5559: 5557: 5554: 5552: 5549: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5541: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5527: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5510: 5507: 5506: 5504: 5502: 5497: 5493: 5488: 5484: 5477: 5472: 5470: 5465: 5463: 5458: 5457: 5454: 5442: 5439: 5437: 5434: 5432: 5429: 5427: 5424: 5422: 5419: 5417: 5414: 5412: 5409: 5407: 5406:Geoffrey Lunt 5404: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5377: 5374: 5372: 5369: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5359: 5358: 5356: 5352: 5346: 5343: 5341: 5338: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5328: 5325: 5323: 5320: 5318: 5315: 5312: 5310: 5307: 5305: 5302: 5300: 5297: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5270: 5267: 5265: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5255: 5250: 5248: 5245: 5243: 5242:John Davenant 5240: 5238: 5235: 5233: 5230: 5228: 5225: 5223: 5220: 5218: 5217:John Coldwell 5215: 5213: 5210: 5208: 5207:Edmund Gheast 5205: 5203: 5200: 5198: 5197: 5193: 5191: 5190: 5189:William Petow 5186: 5184: 5183: 5179: 5177: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5164: 5162: 5161:Edmund Audley 5159: 5158: 5156: 5152: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5110:John Chandler 5108: 5106: 5105:Robert Hallam 5103: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5055: 5051: 5049: 5046: 5044: 5041: 5039: 5036: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5026: 5024: 5021: 5019: 5016: 5014:Richard Poore 5013: 5012: 5010: 5006: 5000: 4999: 4994: 4992: 4991:Richard Poore 4989: 4987: 4986:Herbert Poore 4984: 4982: 4981:Hubert Walter 4979: 4977: 4974: 4972: 4971: 4967: 4965: 4964: 4960: 4958: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4948: 4945: 4943: 4942: 4936: 4933: 4932: 4930: 4928: 4923: 4917: 4915: 4910: 4908: 4905: 4903: 4899: 4897: 4894: 4892: 4889: 4887: 4884: 4882: 4879: 4877: 4874: 4872: 4869: 4867: 4864: 4862: 4859: 4857: 4854: 4852: 4849: 4847: 4844: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4832: 4829: 4827: 4824: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4772: 4770: 4769: 4764: 4763: 4761: 4757: 4753: 4746: 4741: 4739: 4734: 4732: 4727: 4726: 4723: 4711: 4708: 4706: 4703: 4701: 4699: 4695: 4693: 4690: 4688: 4685: 4683: 4680: 4678: 4675: 4673: 4672:Ronald Jasper 4670: 4668: 4665: 4663: 4660: 4658: 4655: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4643: 4640: 4638: 4635: 4633: 4630: 4628: 4625: 4624: 4622: 4618: 4612: 4609: 4607: 4604: 4602: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4584: 4582: 4579: 4577: 4574: 4572: 4569: 4567: 4564: 4562: 4559: 4557: 4554: 4552: 4549: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4539: 4537: 4534: 4532: 4531:Thomas Wolsey 4529: 4527: 4524: 4522: 4519: 4518: 4516: 4512: 4506: 4503: 4501: 4498: 4496: 4493: 4491: 4488: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4478: 4476: 4473: 4471: 4468: 4466: 4465:Thomas Polton 4463: 4461: 4458: 4456: 4453: 4451: 4448: 4446: 4443: 4441: 4438: 4436: 4432: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4407: 4405: 4402: 4400: 4397: 4396: 4394: 4392:Late Medieval 4390: 4384: 4381: 4379: 4376: 4374: 4371: 4369: 4365: 4362: 4360: 4357: 4355: 4352: 4350: 4347: 4345: 4342: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4332: 4330: 4327: 4325: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4314:Henry Marshal 4312: 4310: 4309:Hubert Walter 4307: 4305: 4302: 4300: 4297: 4295: 4292: 4290: 4287: 4286: 4284: 4282:High Medieval 4280: 4276: 4275:Deans of York 4269: 4264: 4262: 4257: 4255: 4250: 4249: 4246: 4233: 4232:Richard Marsh 4230: 4227: 4224: 4221: 4220:Hubert Walter 4218: 4217: 4215: 4211: 4207: 4200: 4197: 4194: 4191: 4190: 4188: 4184: 4180: 4173: 4170: 4167: 4164: 4161: 4158: 4155: 4154:Thomas Becket 4152: 4151: 4149: 4145: 4141: 4134: 4131: 4128: 4125: 4122: 4119: 4116: 4113: 4110: 4109:Roger le Poer 4107: 4106: 4104: 4100: 4096: 4091: 4087: 4083: 4080: 4073: 4068: 4066: 4061: 4059: 4054: 4053: 4050: 4041: 4032: 4031: 4024: 4018: 4014: 4013:Herbert Poore 4005: 4004: 3997: 3991: 3988: 3984: 3980: 3971: 3970: 3963: 3957: 3953: 3944: 3943: 3936: 3930: 3925: 3917: 3913: 3909: 3904: 3900: 3896: 3892: 3887: 3883: 3881:0-520-03643-3 3877: 3873: 3869: 3868:Warren, W. L. 3865: 3861: 3859:0-674-02387-0 3855: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3835: 3831: 3827: 3823: 3819: 3816:(1): 97–127. 3815: 3811: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3794: 3790: 3786: 3782: 3778: 3774: 3773: 3767: 3763: 3759: 3755: 3751: 3747: 3743: 3739: 3735: 3734: 3728: 3724: 3720: 3716: 3712: 3708: 3704: 3700: 3696: 3695: 3689: 3685: 3681: 3677: 3673: 3669: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3656: 3650: 3646: 3644:0-7524-3385-7 3640: 3636: 3631: 3627: 3613: 3609: 3605: 3601: 3596: 3592: 3590:0-7524-2969-8 3586: 3582: 3578: 3574: 3570: 3566: 3562: 3558: 3554: 3550: 3546: 3542: 3537: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3521: 3517: 3513: 3509: 3505: 3500: 3496: 3492: 3488: 3484: 3481:(129): 1–16. 3480: 3476: 3471: 3467: 3465:0-631-16388-3 3461: 3457: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3426:0-521-05479-6 3422: 3418: 3414: 3410: 3406: 3402: 3398: 3394: 3390: 3386: 3382: 3381: 3375: 3371: 3369:0-582-31463-1 3365: 3361: 3356: 3352: 3348: 3344: 3339: 3335: 3331: 3327: 3323: 3319: 3315: 3311: 3307: 3306: 3301: 3297: 3293: 3291:1-85285-059-0 3287: 3283: 3278: 3274: 3270: 3266: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3250: 3246: 3245: 3239: 3235: 3229: 3225: 3220: 3208: 3204: 3200: 3195: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3170: 3166: 3164:0-300-07912-5 3160: 3156: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3140: 3136: 3132: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3116: 3115: 3110: 3106: 3102: 3100:0-521-56350-X 3096: 3092: 3087: 3083: 3077: 3073: 3068: 3064: 3058: 3054: 3049: 3045: 3043:0-904387-82-8 3039: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3023: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3001: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2972: 2966: 2962: 2958: 2954: 2949: 2945: 2941: 2937: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2917: 2916: 2910: 2906: 2902: 2898: 2897:Hubert Walter 2894: 2893:Cheney, C. 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220:Succeeded by 187: 145:13 July 1205 121:Consecration 79:13 July 1205 25: 6336:1205 deaths 6331:1160 births 6234:Catholicism 6222:Middle Ages 6063:John Potter 5963:Henry Deane 5951:John Morton 5884:Simon Islip 5692:Reformation 5436:Nick Holtam 5361:John Fisher 5354:Late modern 5327:John Thomas 5314:John Thomas 5260:Brian Duppa 5247:Brian Duppa 5145:Henry Deane 4886:Brithwine I 4866:Æthelsige I 4856:Wulfsige II 4698:Peter Moger 4687:Keith Jones 4652:Lionel Ford 4620:Late modern 4601:Henry Finch 4596:Thomas Gale 4344:Fulk Basset 4234:(1214–1216) 4228:(1205–1214) 4222:(1199–1205) 4213:(1199–1216) 4201:(1197–1199) 4195:(1189–1197) 4186:(1189–1199) 4174:(1181–1189) 4168:(1173–1181) 4162:(1162–1173) 4156:(1154–1162) 4147:(1154–1189) 4135:(1142–1154) 4129:(1141–1142) 4123:(1140–1141) 4117:(1139–1140) 4111:(1135–1139) 4102:(1135–1154) 4092:(1135–1216) 3779:(1): 1–25. 3740:(1): 1–13. 3662:(1): 1–21. 3577:Saul, Nigel 3312:(1): 1–19. 2801:pp. 113–114 2710:pp. 164–165 2658:p. 159 2656:Church Life 2641:Gillingham 2606:pp. 275–276 2602:Gillingham 2576:Gillingham 2414:pp. 102–103 2323:pp. 134–135 2268:pp. 129–130 2255:pp. 280–281 2251:Gillingham 2224:pp. 141–142 2211:p. 226 2209:Church Life 2198:p. 121 2196:Church Life 2183:Church Life 2172:pp. 324–328 2133:pp. 651–652 2107:pp. 127–128 2090:Gillingham 2077:Gillingham 2052:pp. 226–227 1984:pp. 118–119 1887:pp. 102–105 1806:pp. 101–102 1673:pp. 238–240 1669:Gillingham 1655:pp. 428–429 1638:Gillingham 1560:Gillingham 978:Close Rolls 798:Northumbria 675:Westminster 545:Westminster 539:, with the 372:see of York 333: 1160 261:Preceded by 208:Preceded by 84:Predecessor 63:29 May 1193 6320:Categories 6133:Cosmo Lang 6088:John Moore 5805:John Blund 5426:John Baker 5269:John Earle 5212:John Piers 5202:John Jewel 5176:John Capon 5140:John Blyth 4902:Ælfwold II 4831:Æthelweard 4768:Winchester 4571:John Scott 4536:John Yonge 4084:under the 4034:1193–1205 4007:1189–1193 3973:1193–1198 3946:1199–1205 2821:References 1956:Dictionary 1575:Dictionary 910:Under John 857:Canterbury 829:legateship 744:chirograph 660:Pipe Rolls 628:translated 616:Ochsenfurt 569:see of Ely 411:Early life 76:Term ended 6258:Biography 5941:John Kemp 5666:Æthelnoth 5631:Byrhthelm 5591:Feologild 5581:Æthelhard 5571:Bregowine 5551:Berhtwald 5534:Deusdedit 5509:Augustine 5416:Joe Fison 5335:John Hume 5279:Seth Ward 4998:New Sarum 4937:Sherborne 4927:Old Sarum 4861:Ælfwold I 4841:Æthelbald 4816:Æthelheah 4795:Denefrith 4780:Forthhere 4433:Cardinal 4368:Skeffling 4183:Richard I 3872:King John 3838:145197921 3801:159948800 3762:159498542 3723:159693702 3684:159992034 3628:required) 3569:187141874 3495:159674421 3447:213820968 3405:159949576 3351:463190155 3334:143821381 3273:192178954 3174:"Bishops" 3155:Richard I 3143:162372687 3032:(1982) . 3000:143013383 2961:270094959 2944:159791697 2885:159981355 2760:King John 2723:pp. 61–62 2697:pp. 57–58 2643:Richard I 2615:Mortimer 2604:Richard I 2593:pp. 42–43 2578:Richard I 2484:Bartlett 2475:pp. 11–12 2425:King John 2388:pp. 74–75 2375:pp. 96–97 2373:King John 2321:King John 2290:Bartlett 2279:King John 2253:Richard I 2233:Mortimer 2116:Bartlett 2092:Richard I 2079:Richard I 2064:Bartlett 2013:pp. 75–76 1993:Bartlett 1945:pp. 90–91 1916:pp. 80–81 1871:pp. 38–39 1869:King John 1832:pp. 52–53 1793:pp. 79–80 1684:God's War 1671:Richard I 1653:God's War 1640:Richard I 1625:Bartlett 1603:pp. 25–26 1562:Richard I 1525:pp. 29–30 1512:pp. 13–15 1473:pp. 20–21 1431:pp. 68–73 1227:Citations 1128:Tractatus 961:shillings 959:and five 687:Lancaster 642:Justiciar 606:, but in 604:Palestine 600:Jerusalem 584:Marseille 500:house of 462:Chronicle 381:Richard I 364:Exchequer 337:Justiciar 297:1184–1185 293:In office 245:1199–1205 241:In office 231:24th 201:Richard I 192:1193–1198 188:In office 96:Successor 68:Installed 5816:Boniface 5760:Reginald 5700:Lanfranc 5641:Æthelgar 5616:Wulfhelm 5606:Plegmund 5601:Æthelred 5596:Ceolnoth 5576:Jænberht 5566:Cuthbert 5561:Nothhelm 5529:Honorius 5519:Mellitus 5514:Laurence 5501:Conquest 5008:Medieval 4941:Ramsbury 4914:Ramsbury 4876:Æthelric 4846:Sigehelm 4821:Wulfsige 4811:Heahmund 4805:Eahlstan 4800:Wigberht 4790:Æthelmod 4785:Herewald 4700:(acting) 4172:Geoffrey 4144:Henry II 4040:Reginald 3870:(1978). 3848:(2006). 3617:16 March 3579:(2000). 3561:25067082 3512:66789200 3437:(1955). 3415:(1976). 3213:16 March 3188:16 March 3153:(1999). 3010:(1993). 2895:(1967). 2831:(2000). 2810:Clanchy 2784:Chrimes 2771:Chrimes 2654:Moorman 2589:Chrimes 2458:Knowles 2436:Clanchy 2207:Moorman 2194:Moorman 2181:Moorman 2168:Knowles 2142:Knowles 2129:Knowles 2035:Clanchy 2009:Chrimes 1954:Coredon 1854:Joliffe 1682:Tyerman 1651:Tyerman 1573:Coredon 1482:Knowles 1427:Clanchy 1405:Clanchy 1259:Cokayne 1188:to Rome. 1018:Normandy 980:and the 865:monastic 863:and not 787:carucate 783:carucage 740:chancery 724:charters 703:coroners 664:Lanfranc 652:taxation 577:Geoffrey 537:Pipewell 306:Henry II 100:Reginald 6210:England 6196:Portals 6184:Italics 5681:Stigand 5671:Eadsige 5656:Ælfheah 5646:Sigeric 5636:Dunstan 5626:Ælfsige 5586:Wulfred 5556:Tatwine 5540:Wighard 4925:see at 4836:Wærstan 4775:Aldhelm 4199:Eustace 4099:Stephen 4079:English 3935:Eustace 3754:4051592 3715:4048542 3676:4048700 3265:3046001 3199:"Deans" 3135:3490354 2905:1097086 2758:Warren 2706:Cheney 2371:Warren 2319:Warren 1925:Cosman 1867:Turner 1819:pp. 5–6 1616:pp. 4–5 1396:pp. 7–8 1344:pp. 4–5 1014:Eleanor 998:Eustace 861:secular 791:hundred 775:knights 732:patents 728:letters 691:sheriff 632:pallium 596:Saladin 567:to the 559:to the 551:to the 525:Lambeth 442:Bologna 426:Norfolk 422:Suffolk 397:hundred 302:Monarch 266:Eustace 250:Monarch 197:Monarch 161:Parents 137:c. 1160 60:Elected 5705:Anselm 5661:Lyfing 5611:Athelm 5524:Justus 4947:Herman 4939:& 4907:Herman 4891:Ælfmær 4851:Alfred 3916:443445 3914: 3899:953249 3897: 3878: 3856: 3836: 3830:743677 3828: 3799: 3793:175236 3791: 3760: 3752: 3733:Albion 3721: 3713: 3694:Albion 3682: 3674: 3655:Albion 3641: 3587: 3567: 3559: 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