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556:. According to Gould, the work "anticipates a primary inference of punctuated equilibrium— that a local pattern of abrupt replacement does not signify macromutational transformation in situ, but an origin of the later species from an ancestral population living elsewhere, followed by migration into the local region."
711:), a "Victorian Gem", houses, amongst numerous other collections, the many Falconer finds that had not been sent to other institutions like the library of Kew Gardens or the British Museum, including Palaeolithic finds that enable "visitors of the Falconer Museum look at three different species of humans at once,
536:
with a letter which stated "I am fully convinced that you will become, year after year, less fixed in your belief in the immutability of species". In June 1861, Falconer expressed respect in a letter to Darwin for receiving the book. By the early 1860s he reassessed his worldview and came to embrace
544:. A year before he had privately sent the work to Darwin who was delighted to read it. In the work he observed long periods of evolutionary stasis in fossil mammals with short periods of rapid evolutionary change throughout geological time. This research shows great foresight.
564:
Having to leave India again in 1855 because of ill health, he spent the remainder of his life examining and comparing fossil species in
England and the Continent to those he found in India, notably the species of mastodon, elephant, and rhinoceros. He also described some new
453:
Falconer returned from India in 1842 because of ill health. He brought back 70 large chests of dried plants and 48 cases of fossils, bones and geological specimens. He then travelled throughout Europe making geological observations, and was elected Fellow of the
486:, near his older brother, Alexander Falconer, a Calcutta merchant. Hugh Falconer served as an advisor to the Indian government and the Agricultural and Horticultural Society of Bengal, the
674:
299:, taking the degree of MD in 1829. During this period he zealously attended the botanical classes of Prof. R. Graham (1786–1845), and those on geology by Prof.
740:
On the
American Fossil Elephant of the Regions Bordering the Gulf of Mexico, (E. Columbi, Falc.): With General Observations on the Living and Extinct Species
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of Bengal, Calcutta. A competitive
Falconer scholarship of £100 per year was created for graduates in science or medicine of the University of Edinburgh.
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In 1834 Falconer was asked by a
Commission of Bengal to investigate the commercial feasibility of growing tea in India. On his recommendation
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Leonard G. Wilson, "Brixham Cave and Sir
Charles Lyell's . . . the Antiquity of man: the roots of Hugh Falconer's attack on Lyell,"
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632:
in 1864. Falconer succumbed in London, England, on 31 January 1865 from rheumatic disease of the heart and lungs. He is buried in
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Ludmilla J. Jordanova and Roy S. Porter, eds., Chalfont St. Giles, Bucks., British
Society for the History of Science. (1979)
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Kenneth A. R. Kennedy and
Russell L. Ciochon, "A canine tooth from the Siwaliks: first recorded discovery of a fossil ape?"
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427:. Falconer also published a geological description of the Siwálik Hills in 1834. For these valuable discoveries he and
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Fauna
Antiqua Sivalensis, being the Fossil Zoology of the Sewalik Hills, in the North of India, Part I, Proboscidea,
330:. His description of the fossils, published soon afterward, gave him a recognized position among the scientists of
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in 1845. Continuing in the service of the
British East India Company as a naturalist, he pursued research at the
498:, and this saved them from destruction by reckless felling. Through his recommendation, the cultivation of the
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1863–1864. Although suffering from exposure and overwork, Falconer returned hastily from
Gibraltar to support
358:. Falconer remained at Saharanpur until 1842, during which time he became widely known for his study of fossil
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Falconer's botanical notes, with 450 coloured drawings of Indian plants, were deposited in the library at
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Kenneth A. R. Kennedy and , "A canine tooth from the Siwálik: first recorded discovery of a fossil ape?"
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Falconer and his associates may have made the first discovery of a fossil ape, in the 1830s in the
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Patrick J. Boylan, "The controversy of the Moulin-Quignon jaw: the role of Hugh Falconer," in
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London (1846), with a series of 107 plates by G. H. Ford appearing between 1846 and 1849.
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and prepared casts of the most remarkable fossils for the leading museums of Europe.
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Prof. Tim Murray on Hugh Falconer and his special role in the history of science
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1138:"Tolbooth Street, Falconer Museum (Category B Listed Building) (LB31747)"
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colonial "Department of Agriculture". He prepared an important report on the
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Leicester: Leicestershire Museums, Art Galleries and Records Service (1977).
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The Tropics and the Traveling Gaze: India, Landscape, and Science, 1800–1856
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on Sicily and Malta, and also found the bones of the flightless giant swan
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On the American Fossil elephant of the regions bordering the Gulf of Mexico
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and other animals. With others, he later brought to light a sub-tropical
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Images of the Earth: Essays in the History of the Environmental Sciences,
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1191:. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 140.
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1024:, "Modifications apportées par M. Falconer à la faune du Val d'Arno",
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Anne O'Connor, "Hugh Falconer, Joseph Prestwich and the Gower caves",
338:, India, then in the North Western Provinces, and now in the state of
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1110:, "Hugh Falconer: Botanist, palaeontologist, controversialist", in
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Bulletin des Séances de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles
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Hugh Falconer, Darwin Correspondence Project: extended bibliography
577:. Turning to the subject of human origins, he reported on the bone
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developed the same basic theory a century later, a theory known as
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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in 1830. Upon his arrival in Bengal he made an examination of the
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Life-writing in the History of Archaeology: Critical perspectives
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Science & Imagination: True Stories from the Falconer Museum
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and was the first to suggest the modern evolutionary theory of
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1114:, 2023, Clare Lewis and Gabriel Moshenskapp eds., pp 265-280,
752:, M.D., 2 vols., London, R. Hardwicke (1868). OCLC: 2847098.
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Palæontological memoirs and notes of the late Hugh Falconer,
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of the Siwalik Hills in 1831 Falconer discovered bones of
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Falconer's works were documented in the Royal Society's
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of unexampled extent and richness, including remains of
264:, and may also have been the first person to discover a
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Scottish scientist and evolutionary theorist (1808–1865)
334:. Early in 1831 he was posted to the army station at
783:is used to indicate this person as the author when
279:Falconer was the youngest son of David Falconer of
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537:evolution from his studies of the fossil record.
1196:
1056:Biographical sketch of Hugh Falconer, A.M., M.D
1018:Edinburgh and London, William Blackwood (1901).
350:In 1832, Falconer became Superintendent of the
474:In 1847 Falconer became superintendent of the
1116:https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv37mk2fp.16
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502:in the Indian empire was introduced for the
310:Falconer became an assistant-surgeon on the
601:. He discovered the dwarf elephant species
209:(29 February 1808 – 31 January 1865) was a
1069:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
960:. Forres: Friends of the Falconer Museum.
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843:University of Washington Press, Seattle,
620:Falconer served as vice-president of the
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287:. In 1826 Hugh Falconer graduated at the
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295:. Afterward, he studied medicine in the
928:. Harvard University Press. pp. 14–18.
748:edited, with a biographical sketch, by
540:In 1863, Falconer authored a monograph
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955:
450:became competitive with Chinese teas.
381:deposits in the Siwalik Hills. In the
1225:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
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807:
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1220:Alumni of the University of Aberdeen
1016:Essays descriptive and biographical,
812:Bettany, George Thomas (1885–1900).
713:homo erectus, homo neanderthalensis
446:were introduced, and the resultant
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896:The Friends of the Falconer Museum
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431:(1802–1871) together received the
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19:For those of a similar name, see
1260:Burials at Kensal Green Cemetery
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824:. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
821:Dictionary of National Biography
506:of its bark in the treatment of
345:
1240:19th-century Scottish botanists
982:International Plant Names Index
765:Catalogue of Scientific Papers,
478:and professor of botany in the
1081:Vol. 14, No. 3 (July, 1999).
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889:
885:Encyclopædia Britannica, 1911.
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867:Vol. 14, No. 3 (July, 1999).
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660:of London, and another in the
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439:, its highest award, in 1837.
21:Hugh Faulkner (disambiguation)
1:
1134:Historic Environment Scotland
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956:Friauf, Christiane H (2024).
754:vol. II online at archive.org
274:
1250:Fellows of the Royal Society
1006:The Falconer papers, Forres,
945:http://falconermuseum.co.uk/
924:Gould, Stephen Jay. (2007).
645:was named after Falconer by
530:sent Falconer a copy of his
437:Geological Society of London
184:Author abbrev. (botany)
160:Saharanpur Botanical Gardens
7:
1104:Vol. 14, pp 75 – 79 (2006).
1079:Journal of Human Evolution,
1053:Murchison, Charles (1868).
1047:Archives of Natural History
875:(Print) 1824-310X (Online).
865:Journal of Human Evolution,
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418:, and the enormous extinct
352:Saharanpur botanical garden
10:
1281:
1108:Tim Murray (archaeologist)
518:Falconer was originally a
316:British East India Company
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1245:Botanists active in India
1230:Scottish palaeontologists
476:Calcutta Botanical Garden
328:Asiatic Society of Bengal
326:in the possession of the
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533:On the Origin of Species
166:Agric. Hort. Soc. Bengal
163:Calcutta Medical College
1255:Wollaston Medal winners
1188:Encyclopædia Britannica
667:The Falconer Museum in
604:Palaeoloxodon falconeri
522:who denied the fact of
297:University of Edinburgh
96:University of Edinburgh
1265:Punctuated equilibrium
1102:Studies in Speleology,
926:Punctuated Equilibrium
815:"Falconer, Hugh"
691:57.609906°N 3.612346°W
642:Rhododendron falconeri
554:punctuated equilibrium
514:Punctuated equilibrium
374:
289:University of Aberdeen
258:punctuated equilibrium
107:punctuated equilibrium
92:University of Aberdeen
1012:Grace, Lady Prestwich
839:Arnold, David (2006)
723:Selected publications
634:Kensal Green Cemetery
372:
314:establishment of the
254:Mediterranean islands
901:11 June 2007 at the
696:57.609906; -3.612346
647:Joseph Dalton Hooker
526:. In November 1859,
354:, India, succeeding
1235:Scottish geologists
1128:The Falconer Museum
1004:Patrick J. Boylan,
774:author abbreviation
686: /
424:Colossochelys atlas
291:, where he studied
262:Siwalik fossil beds
252:, and most of the
226:paleoanthropologist
1205:People from Forres
728:Hugh Falconer and
375:
1049:23: 79–97 (1996).
1022:Charles T. Gaudin
967:978-1-916572-99-7
934:978-0-674-02444-1
750:Charles Murchison
550:Stephen Jay Gould
303:, the teacher of
260:. He studied the
228:. He studied the
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133:Scientific career
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373:Falconer in 1844
324:Ava, upper Burma
172:Doctoral advisor
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409:, the colossal
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1159:Find a Grave
1145:Friends Blog
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671:, Scotland (
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613:in Malta at
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157:Institutions
151:Paleontology
132:
77:(1865-01-31)
25:
1215:1865 deaths
1210:1808 births
845:pp. 156–157
694: /
654:Kew Gardens
639:The flower
560:Later years
520:creationist
494:forests of
415:Sivatherium
322:bones from
1199:Categories
999:Literature
987: Falc
700: (
678:57°36′36″N
636:, London.
615:Għar Dalam
573:strata of
496:Tenasserim
444:tea plants
390:crocodiles
356:John Royle
285:Elginshire
275:Early life
66:, Scotland
56:1808-02-29
1097:(Online).
1095:1824-310X
1087:0393-9375
1065:cite book
1059:. London.
873:0393-9375
681:3°36′44″W
591:Gibraltar
569:from the
524:evolution
448:black tea
435:from the
394:tortoises
214:geologist
1089:(Print)
899:Archived
567:mammalia
500:cinchona
488:de facto
484:Calcutta
470:Calcutta
420:tortoise
411:ruminant
406:Mastodon
383:Tertiary
218:botanist
211:Scottish
1176::
599:Brixham
571:Purbeck
508:malaria
379:Neogene
362:in the
360:mammals
238:geology
143:Geology
35:MD, FRS
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1093:
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785:citing
742:(1863)
669:Forres
597:, and
583:Sicily
575:Wessex
398:fossil
386:strata
336:Meerut
320:fossil
312:Bengal
281:Forres
266:fossil
236:, and
224:, and
147:Botany
139:Fields
121:Awards
113:Father
64:Forres
796:Notes
779:Falc.
595:Gower
587:Malta
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