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Hybrid electric bus

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modes and will be recharged from a standard electrical outlet. Because electricity will be their primary fuel, they will consume less petroleum than standard vehicles. To develop the PHEV school bus, Navistar will examine a range of hybrid architectures and evaluate advanced energy storage devices, with the goal of developing a vehicle with a 40-mile (64 km)
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A plug-in hybrid school bus effort began in 2003 in Raleigh, NC, when Advanced Energy began working between districts across the country and manufacturers to understand the needs of both. The effort demonstrated both a technical and business feasibility and as a result was able to secure funding in
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for a cost-shared award of up to $ 10 million to develop, test, and deploy plug-in hybrid electric (PHEV) school buses. The project aims to deploy 60 vehicles for a three-year period in school bus fleets across the nation. The vehicles will be capable of running in either electric-only or hybrid
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from Advanced Energy was won by IC Bus using a product jointly produced with Enova for a 22-mile plug-in hybrid product with a $ 140k premium over existing buses. The buses performed well in testing with 70% reductions in fuel usage although only in specific conditions.
181:. Travel beyond the 40-mile (64 km) range will be facilitated by a clean Diesel engine capable of running on renewable fuels. The DOE funding will cover up to half of the project's cost and will be provided over three years, subject to annual 557:
pack. The use of a 1.9-litre Diesel instead of the typical 7.0-litre engine in a traditional bus demonstrates the possible advantages of serial hybrids in extremely traffic-dense environments. Based on a London test cycle, a reduction in
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have developed a diesel engine hybrid bus using lithium batteries in 2002, and this model has since seen limited service in several Japanese cities. The Blue Ribbon City Hybrid bus was presented by
2284: 3673: 3648: 1366: 2302: 875: 522:(parallel/series hybrid, branded Hybrid EP or H 40/50 EP). In May 2003 General Motors started to tour with hybrid electric buses developed together with Allison. 3218: 2327: 3373: 2657: 1104: 141:
which take the place of a conventional transmission, mostly for transit buses in North America; as the name implies, it is able to switch between series and parallel modes.
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in 1997 on the Japanese market. Since 1999, Hybrid electric buses with gas turbine generators have been developed by several manufacturers in the US and
775: 3422: 1004: 3695: 3583: 3506: 2885: 2778: 1409: 2935: 2860: 1726: 3301: 1744: 1538: 1273: 715: 1084: 3061: 2861:"Enova Systems Announces Plug-In Hybrid School Bus Testing Shows 70 Percent Improved Fuel Economy and Significantly Reduced Emissions" 2378: 1323: 1155: 1009: 765: 492: 414: 3464: 3377: 2661: 2157:
The Green Bus Fund is a fund which is supporting bus companies and local authorities in the UK to help them buy new electric buses.
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emissions of 31% and fuel savings in the range of 40% have been demonstrated, compared with a "Euro-4" compliant bus.
549:", a new interpretation of the traditional red buses that are a feature of the extreme traffic density in London. The 3108:"Analysis of electric drive technologies for transit applications: Battery-electric, hybrid-electric, and fuel cells" 1688: 949: 4185: 4130: 4125: 2482: 2253: 1568: 1185: 895: 2682: 3916: 3762: 2815: 1150: 3896: 3192: 4180: 3123: 2561: 2434:
Belgium / Wallonia (TEC): 90 Volvo 7900H (plug-in hybrid) + 208 solaris (combustion-electric) ordered in 2016Q4
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on the market in 2005. Several hundreds of those buses have entered into daily operation in the U.S. In 2006,
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hybrid before that model was discontinued, added a Diesel–electric hybrid option for its LFS series.
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This article deals with hybrid combustion / battery hybrid buses. For alternately powered buses, see
3510: 2961:"Munich starts using the first MAN hybrid city bus | Frontier India Aerospace, Land and Marine" 484:. The Whispering Wheel bus is another HEV using in-wheel motors. It was tested in winter 2003–04 in 3036: 2939: 2571: 2258: 2137: 1297: 1223: 1199: 593: 550: 236: 2889: 4068: 2454: 2201: 1879: 1857: 1562: 1455: 1445: 1078: 1064: 1048: 983: 929: 749: 739: 676: 248: 201: 91: 39: 3401: 3305: 2508: 1558: 1395: 1385: 1369: 1287: 1038: 915: 909: 829: 745: 398: 3987: 2220: 2216: 2189: 2134: 1669: 1247: 1226:). 1 gas and 1 diesel for testing use only; diesel was converted gas was hybrid from factory. 1209: 1024: 993: 849: 735: 696: 103: 4050: 3886: 3558: 2556: 2197: 2090: 2003: 1736: 1639: 1267: 795: 729: 630: 535: 519: 503: 406: 386: 345: 300: 173: 161: 134: 28: 2734: 1692: 8: 3994: 3962: 3819: 3755: 3468: 1766: 1761: 1649: 1601: 1389: 1337: 1140: 1133: 1028: 1018: 869: 865: 845: 725: 705: 686: 554: 477: 182: 2688:. Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, United States Department of Energy 3799: 3259: 2910: 2772: 2450: 2419:: one vehicle is being tested since April 2010; the test will continue for three years. 2386: 2296: 2206: 1731: 1645: 1307: 1283: 1253: 1145: 1098: 1034: 943: 919: 779: 434: 418: 2130: 293: 4112: 3926: 3824: 3166: 2793: 2401: 1771: 1629: 1605: 1499: 1459: 1353: 1243: 1213: 1159: 835: 810: 799: 759: 546: 228: 72: 2107:- using 17 hybrid buses, 15 Solaris Urbino 12 Hybrid and 2 Solaris Urbino 18 Hybrid. 1683: 4019: 3331: 2760: 2267: 2185: 1918: 1674: 1581: 1439: 1379: 1357: 1327: 899: 885: 769: 523: 370: 99: 49: 3584:"Autobús urbano ecológico y eficiente - 29/09/2009 - Equipamiento para municipios" 263: 4024: 3942: 3871: 3814: 3804: 3794: 3222: 2407: 2141: 2111: 2069: 1635: 1619: 1435: 1420: 1233: 571: 307: 303: 231:
suggests introducing more hybrid Diesel–electric buses and a fuel containing 20%
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Bus that combines internal combustion and electric propulsion systems
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A hybrid electric bus may have either a parallel powertrain (e.g.,
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HYBRID ELECTRIC SCHOOL BUS PRELIMINARY BUSINESS FEASIBILITY REPORT
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of New Zealand. The first model went into commercial service in
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bus uses a small Diesel engine with electric storage through a
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Pritchard, Ewan; Zickefoose, P.; Dulaney, Ken (2019-10-03).
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Nashville Metropolitan Transit Authority, doing business as
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since 1999, and later models were sold for daily service in
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and conventional hybrid electric buses into plug-in buses.
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produce hybrid electric buses using components from either
338: 2791: 2460:–electric buses provide feeder services in some routes of 460:, with the most successful design being the buses made by 3771: 3696:"Transporte Carretero - Yutong y su mejor año en Uruguay" 3649:"PostAuto operates the Volvo 7700 Hybrid on rural routes" 157: 65: 3740: 1801:
Vehicle, Fuel and Environment Research Institute (VFERI)
3262:. The Regents of the University of Michigan. 2012-09-11 2100:- using 20 hybrid buses model Solaris Urbino 12 Hybrid. 608:
List of transit authorities using hybrid electric buses
378: 3535:. National Express West Midlands Buses. Archived from 3509:. National Express West Midlands Buses. Archived from 3281:"Service Summary - June 21, 2020 to September 5, 2020" 3086: 1115:
Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County, Texas
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propulsion system. These type of buses normally use a
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Volvo Buses - when productivity counts (2010-04-20).
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Regional Transportation Commission of Southern Nevada
129:) or a series powertrain (e.g., some versions of the 114: 3423:"Germany: MAN Lion's City Hybrid launches in Munich" 2537: 612:
Transit authorities that use hybrid electric buses:
592:(HEVT) makes conversions of new and used vehicles ( 3444:"Hybrid Bus in the City: A Prototype with a Future" 3260:"Ann Arbor campus welcomes three more hybrid buses" 2751:Pritchard, Ewan; Johnson, Richard R. (2005-11-01). 2708:"Seattle ordering 235 diesel electric hybrid buses" 936:
Greater Lafayette Public Transportation Corporation
2753:"Hybrid Electric School Bus Technical Feasibility" 776:Central New York Regional Transportation Authority 565: 3533:"More green hybrid buses on Way to West Midlands" 3009: 2683:"Dual-Mode Hybrid/Two-Mode Hybrid Accomplishment" 1274:Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority - VTA 641:Federal funding generally comes from the federal 4172: 3037:"Series-E: Electric Propulsion and Power System" 2750: 1005:Kanawha Valley Regional Transportation Authority 3012:"The Whispering Wheel - Electric Diesel Hybrid" 2963:. Frontierindia.net. 2010-05-25. Archived from 204:in Wales. They are powered by hydrogen fuel or 3724:The Plug-in Hybrid Electric School Bus Project 2425:, 4 Solaris hybrid (combustion-electric) buses 2381:is using a hybrid electric bus outfitted with 1410:Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority 3756: 3396: 3394: 3360:"В Минске начали работать гибридные автобусы" 3135: 2283:Castrosua Tempus hybrid city bus at the 2008 3402:"BUSportal - Viac ako 30 percent nižšie CO2" 2428:Luxemburg (Sales-Lentz, Emile Weber and AVL) 2287:(International Bus and Coach Fair) in Madrid 2168:. This is the largest fleet in the UK, with 1372:*Has 5 vehicles used in fixed route service. 656:40 foot hybrid-electric bus equipped with a 545:has introduced a development of the London " 3304:. Transitbc.com. 2005-05-04. Archived from 3273: 3235:"Southwest Ohio Regional Transit Authority" 2358: 1642:. Currently owns two hybrid-electric buses. 716:Berks Area Reading Transportation Authority 502:For the North American transit bus market, 3763: 3749: 3391: 2777:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 2367:(5 Kutsenits Hydra City II/III Hybrid's), 1922:AKSM-4202K Vitovt Hybrid in Minsk, Belarus 1085:Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority 574:ThunderVolt (filed for bankruptcy in 2010) 217:Air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions 160:to purchase up to 20 buses. The resulting 1324:Southwest Ohio Regional Transit Authority 1156:Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority 1010:Kansas City Area Transportation Authority 926:GoRaleigh (formerly Capital Area Transit) 766:Capital District Transportation Authority 200:Tribrid buses have been developed by the 3122:More transit authorities with HEV here ( 2449: 2278: 2129: 1952:A hybrid electric bus in Lübeck, Germany 1947: 1917: 1889: 1825: 1703: 1419: 647: 624: 43: 3603: 3010:Hasslberger, Sepp (December 27, 2003). 2888:. Apps1.eere.energy.gov. Archived from 683:Ann Arbor Area Transportation Authority 633:hybrid-electric articulated bus on the 499:, a Toyota affiliate, in January 2005. 452:Toyota claims to have started with the 4173: 3237:. go Metro. 2009-04-21. Archived from 2660:. Alexander-dennis.com. Archived from 2004:Mercedes-Benz Citaro G BlueTec®-Hybrid 1176:Orange County Transportation Authority 3744: 3693: 1388:parking and transportation services ( 1264:San Joaquin Regional Transit District 1240:San Diego Metropolitan Transit System 1230:Roaring Fork Transportation Authority 1220:Rhode Island Public Transit Authority 1000:Jacksonville Transportation Authority 756:Capital Area Transportation Authority 353:Metropolitan Transportation Authority 3193:"Citilink: Hybrid Bus Demonstration" 1125:Minneapolis-Saint Paul Metro Transit 693:Autoridad Metropolitana de Autobuses 590:Hybrid Electric Vehicle Technologies 534:, which had previously marketed the 3140:. Theotherpaper.com. Archived from 2938:. Energycurrent.com. Archived from 2732: 2314:, within the electric bus Project, 2121:- using 20 Mercedes Conecto Hybrid. 1708:A Tata Marcopolo CNG Hybrid bus in 1015:King County Metro Transit Authority 635:University of Massachusetts Amherst 172:(USDOE) announced the selection of 13: 3627:"MAN Nutzfahrzeuge - Hybrid drive" 3507:"Birmingham hybrid buses launched" 2911:"Green 'tribrid' minibus unveiled" 2438: 2114:- using 28 Mercedes Citaro Hybrid. 1367:The Interurban Transit Partnership 1196:Port Authority of Allegheny County 1170:North San Diego County, California 970:Hillsborough Area Regional Transit 170:United States Department of Energy 115:Types of hybrid vehicle drivetrain 14: 4197: 3717: 3490:"Bus fleet audit—13 January 2017" 1559:St. Catharines Transit Commission 950:Greater Lynchburg Transit Company 144: 4145: 3895: 3729: 3195:. Fwcitilink.com. Archived from 2735:"Hybrid School Bus Presentation" 2540: 2445:http://www.i-mut.net/en/about-us 2303:Empresa Municipal de Transportes 1652:. 11 out of 42 buses are hybrid. 1569:Toronto Transit Commission buses 1186:Pioneer Valley Transit Authority 896:Des Moines Area Regional Transit 620: 615: 337: 316: 292: 262: 242: 3917:Bombardier Guided Light Transit 3687: 3662: 3640: 3619: 3597: 3586:. Interempresas.net. 2009-09-29 3576: 3551: 3525: 3499: 3482: 3457: 3436: 3415: 3366: 3352: 3338: 3320: 3294: 3252: 3227: 3210: 3185: 3155: 3129: 3100: 3079: 3054: 3029: 3003: 2978: 2953: 2928: 2903: 2878: 2853: 2829: 2759:. Vol. 1. Warrendale, PA. 2182:– 18 currently, 21 more planned 1151:New York City Transit Authority 566:Former hybrid bus manufacturers 526:introduced its hybrid electric 3604:Navarro, Xavier (2009-04-15). 3425:. Automotive World. 2010-05-27 2988:. Tata Hispano. Archived from 2800: 2785: 2744: 2726: 2700: 2675: 2650: 2626: 2605: 2176:National Express West Midlands 1851: 1308:Puget Sound region, Washington 1278:Santa Clara County, California 816:Central Ohio Transit Authority 643:Diesel Emissions Reduction Act 637:campus, operated by the school 584: 580:(filed for bankruptcy in 2012) 188: 131:Alexander Dennis Enviro400 MMC 1: 3912:Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit 3672:. Postauto.ch. Archived from 3042:. BAE Systems. September 2014 2598: 1166:North County Transit District 906:Durham Area Transit Authority 876:Cache Valley Transit District 786:Charlotte Area Transit System 109: 68:that combines a conventional 3467:. Dft.gov.uk. Archived from 3376:. 2019-08-01. Archived from 3136:Jibreel Riley (2010-07-20). 3067:. Allison Transmission. 2016 2466:Rede Integrada de Transporte 2431:Belgium / Flanders (De Lijn) 2209:, Oxfordshire – 52 currently 2153:Low emission buses in London 2089:– The fleet consists of 130 1863: 1755: 1294:Sarasota County Area Transit 974:Hillsborough County, Florida 840:Snohomish County, Washington 710:Westchester County, New York 235:(BD20) would further reduce 139:dual-mode hybrid drive units 85:hybrid Diesel–electric buses 23:; for fuel cell hybrids see 7: 3138:"COTA: Hybrid Bus Purchase" 2533: 2365:Ljubljanski potniški promet 2002:– The fleet consists of 20 1992:– The fleet consists of 28 1885: 1806: 1105:MATBUS – Metro Area Transit 1075:Manatee County Area Transit 1059:Lehigh Valley, Pennsylvania 239:and petroleum consumption. 10: 4202: 3288:Toronto Transit Commission 3221:February 10, 2012, at the 3163:"Environmental Commitment" 2757:SAE Technical Paper Series 2348:Storstockholms Lokaltrafik 2150: 2076: 2062:Vestviken Kollektivtrafikk 1983: 1943: 1926: 1784:Delhi Multi-Module Transit 1574:Coast Mountain Bus Company 1190:Springfield, Massachusetts 964:Greenville, North Carolina 826:Clarksville Transit System 720:Berks County, Pennsylvania 663:transmission, operated by 375:Azure Dynamics Corporation 246: 220: 192: 148: 118: 81:Diesel–electric powertrain 70:internal combustion engine 37: 18: 4139: 4111: 4033: 3935: 3904: 3893: 3787: 3778: 3770: 3446:. Physorg.com. 2007-08-20 2577:Global Hybrid Cooperation 2354:. MAN Lion's City Hybrid. 2334:. MAN Lion's City Hybrid. 2321: 2010: 1913: 1830:A hybrid electric bus in 1693:1 ex TTC Orion VII NG HEV 1626:Strathcona County Transit 1616:London Transit Commission 1415: 1334:Spokane Transit Authority 1258:San Francisco, California 1180:Orange County, California 806:Chicago Transit Authority 790:Charlotte, North Carolina 365:Current manufacturers of 121:Hybrid vehicle drivetrain 2572:Electric-vehicle battery 2385:; the model used is the 2359:Other European countries 2274: 2259:Stagecoach East Scotland 2138:Wright Pulsar Gemini HEV 1821: 1777: 1722:Beijing Public Transport 1715: 1298:Sarasota County, Florida 1224:Providence, Rhode Island 1200:Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 1109:Fargo, ND – Moorhead, MN 811:Citibus (Lubbock, Texas) 551:Wright Pulsar Gemini HEV 92:hybrid electric vehicles 4186:Plug-in hybrid vehicles 3495:. Transport for London. 3346:"Transit goes green-er" 2613:"Hybrid - B5L - Hybrid" 2225:Manchester Metroshuttle 1880:Tower Transit Singapore 1858:Green Frog Hybrid Buses 1794: 1699: 1563:St. Catharines, Ontario 1456:Hamilton Street Railway 1446:Edmonton Transit System 1079:Manatee County, Florida 1049:Los Angeles, California 984:Howard County, Maryland 960:Greenville Area Transit 930:Raleigh, North Carolina 750:Broward County, Florida 740:Broome County, New York 677:Albuquerque, New Mexico 541:In the United Kingdom, 349:Orion VII OG HEV 07.501 249:List of hybrid vehicles 202:University of Glamorgan 40:Hybrid electric vehicle 4056:Capacitor electric bus 3670:"First hybrid Postbus" 2841:www.schoolbusfleet.com 2812:www.schoolbusfleet.com 2658:"Double Deck (2 axle)" 2469: 2288: 2148: 1953: 1923: 1903: 1838: 1789:Mumbai BEST CNG-Hybrid 1712: 1684:Niagara Region Transit 1431: 1396:Utah Transit Authority 1386:University of Michigan 1370:Grand Rapids, Michigan 1288:Santa Rosa, California 1039:Long Beach, California 916:Eureka Transit Service 910:Durham, North Carolina 830:Clarksville, Tennessee 746:Broward County Transit 668: 638: 399:Motor Coach Industries 83:and are also known as 57: 4181:Hybrid electric buses 3830:Lowbridge double-deck 3738:at Wikimedia Commons 3702:(in European Spanish) 3302:"Hybrid Electric Bus" 2634:"XL3 Hybrid Electric" 2453: 2328:Jönköpings Länstrafik 2282: 2170:around 2,300 vehicles 2135:First West of England 2133: 2125: 1996:Hybrid (articulated). 1951: 1921: 1893: 1829: 1707: 1670:Durham Region Transit 1423: 1248:San Diego, California 1210:Citizens Area Transit 1065:Madison Metro Transit 1025:Lane Transit District 994:Indianapolis, Indiana 850:Vancouver, Washington 736:Broome County Transit 697:San Juan, Puerto Rico 651: 628: 369:hybrid buses include 277:-electric bus on the 227:A report prepared by 104:sustainable transport 50:Hino Blue Ribbon City 47: 4051:Battery electric bus 3736:Hybrid-powered buses 3700:Transporte Carretero 3608:. Green.autoblog.com 3559:"Oxford Bus Company" 2865:www.businesswire.com 2765:10.4271/2005-01-3615 2557:Battery electric bus 2344:. Volvo 7700 Hybrid. 2091:Mercedes-Benz Citaro 1894:Hino HU2ASKP-VJT in 1741:Shenzhen Western Bus 1737:Shenzhen Eastern Bus 1640:Halifax, Nova Scotia 1268:Stockton, California 796:Chatham Area Transit 730:Bloomington, Indiana 631:New Flyer Industries 520:Allison Transmission 504:New Flyer Industries 488:in the Netherlands. 407:Orion Bus Industries 387:New Flyer Industries 351:in service with the 301:New Flyer Industries 237:greenhouse emissions 174:Navistar Corporation 135:Allison Transmission 90:The introduction of 4091:Hybrid electric bus 3820:Cutaway van chassis 3563:www.oxfordbus.co.uk 2936:"Energycurrent.com" 2404:, with 10 Volvo B5L 2338:Göteborgs Spårvägar 2254:Brighton & Hove 1767:New World First Bus 1750:Zhengzhou Bus Group 1650:Lethbridge, Alberta 1484:Quebec City, Quebec 1390:Ann Arbor, Michigan 1338:Spokane, Washington 1141:WeGo Public Transit 1134:Baltimore, Maryland 1029:Lane County, Oregon 1019:Seattle, Washington 870:Fort Wayne, Indiana 726:Bloomington Transit 706:Bee-Line Bus System 702:Baltimore, Maryland 687:Ann Arbor, Michigan 600:conversions), from 555:lithium ion battery 478:Newcastle upon Tyne 435:VDL Bus & Coach 62:hybrid electric bus 3694:Hernandez, Pablo. 3113:. 2005. p. 20 3016:New Media Explorer 2470: 2289: 2207:Oxford Bus Company 2149: 1954: 1924: 1904: 1902:, operator by BMTA 1843:Marunouchi Shuttle 1839: 1817:Greenline, Karachi 1732:Shenzhen Bus Group 1713: 1646:Lethbridge Transit 1553:Sherbrooke, Quebec 1432: 1284:Santa Rosa CityBus 1254:San Francisco MUNI 1146:New Jersey Transit 1099:Memphis, Tennessee 1035:Long Beach Transit 944:West Lafayette, IN 920:Eureka, California 780:Syracuse, New York 669: 639: 454:Coaster Hybrid Bus 58: 29:all-electric buses 4168: 4167: 4010:Train replacement 3734:Media related to 3167:Community Transit 2986:"tatahispano.com" 2714:. 22 October 2003 2402:Trondheim, Norway 2270:, from April 2013 2117:Publitrans 2000, 1772:Kowloon Motor Bus 1630:Strathcona County 1500:Saskatoon Transit 1494:Longueuil, Quebec 1460:Hamilton, Ontario 1450:Edmonton, Alberta 1244:San Diego Transit 1214:Las Vegas, Nevada 1160:Buffalo, New York 836:Community Transit 800:Savannah, Georgia 760:Lansing, Michigan 229:Purdue University 4193: 4152:Buses portal 4150: 4149: 4148: 3899: 3887:Transit Elevated 3765: 3758: 3751: 3742: 3741: 3733: 3711: 3710: 3708: 3707: 3691: 3685: 3684: 3682: 3681: 3666: 3660: 3659: 3657: 3656: 3651:. Volvobuses.com 3644: 3638: 3637: 3635: 3634: 3623: 3617: 3616: 3614: 3613: 3601: 3595: 3594: 3592: 3591: 3580: 3574: 3573: 3571: 3569: 3555: 3549: 3548: 3546: 3544: 3529: 3523: 3522: 3520: 3518: 3503: 3497: 3496: 3494: 3486: 3480: 3479: 3477: 3476: 3465:"Green Bus Fund" 3461: 3455: 3454: 3452: 3451: 3440: 3434: 3433: 3431: 3430: 3419: 3413: 3412: 3410: 3409: 3398: 3389: 3388: 3386: 3385: 3370: 3364: 3363: 3356: 3350: 3349: 3342: 3336: 3335: 3330:. Archived from 3324: 3318: 3317: 3315: 3313: 3298: 3292: 3291: 3285: 3277: 3271: 3270: 3268: 3267: 3256: 3250: 3249: 3247: 3246: 3231: 3225: 3214: 3208: 3207: 3205: 3204: 3189: 3183: 3182: 3180: 3178: 3169:. 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Archived from 2804: 2798: 2797: 2789: 2783: 2782: 2776: 2768: 2748: 2742: 2741: 2739: 2730: 2724: 2723: 2721: 2719: 2704: 2698: 2697: 2695: 2693: 2687: 2679: 2673: 2672: 2670: 2669: 2654: 2648: 2647: 2645: 2643: 2638: 2630: 2624: 2623: 2621: 2620: 2609: 2550: 2545: 2544: 2543: 2268:Arriva Yorkshire 1675:Brampton Transit 1582:British Columbia 1543:Gatineau, Quebec 1533:Montreal, Quebec 1440:Windsor, Ontario 1380:Portland, Oregon 1358:Honolulu, Hawaii 1328:Cincinnati, Ohio 900:Des Moines, Iowa 886:DART First State 770:Albany, New York 602:combustion buses 524:General Electric 371:Alexander Dennis 341: 320: 296: 266: 208:, batteries and 102:forms a part of 100:public transport 98:for purposes of 4201: 4200: 4196: 4195: 4194: 4192: 4191: 4190: 4171: 4170: 4169: 4164: 4146: 4144: 4135: 4107: 4029: 4025:Tourist trolley 3931: 3900: 3891: 3783: 3774: 3769: 3720: 3715: 3714: 3705: 3703: 3692: 3688: 3679: 3677: 3668: 3667: 3663: 3654: 3652: 3645: 3641: 3632: 3630: 3625: 3624: 3620: 3611: 3609: 3602: 3598: 3589: 3587: 3582: 3581: 3577: 3567: 3565: 3557: 3556: 3552: 3542: 3540: 3539:on 11 June 2012 3531: 3530: 3526: 3516: 3514: 3505: 3504: 3500: 3492: 3488: 3487: 3483: 3474: 3472: 3463: 3462: 3458: 3449: 3447: 3442: 3441: 3437: 3428: 3426: 3421: 3420: 3416: 3407: 3405: 3400: 3399: 3392: 3383: 3381: 3372: 3371: 3367: 3358: 3357: 3353: 3344: 3343: 3339: 3326: 3325: 3321: 3311: 3309: 3308:on July 3, 2007 3300: 3299: 3295: 3283: 3279: 3278: 3274: 3265: 3263: 3258: 3257: 3253: 3244: 3242: 3233: 3232: 3228: 3223:Wayback Machine 3215: 3211: 3202: 3200: 3191: 3190: 3186: 3176: 3174: 3161: 3160: 3156: 3147: 3145: 3134: 3130: 3116: 3114: 3110: 3106: 3105: 3101: 3092: 3090: 3085: 3084: 3080: 3070: 3068: 3064: 3060: 3059: 3055: 3045: 3043: 3039: 3035: 3034: 3030: 3020: 3018: 3008: 3004: 2995: 2993: 2984: 2983: 2979: 2970: 2968: 2959: 2958: 2954: 2945: 2943: 2934: 2933: 2929: 2920: 2918: 2909: 2908: 2904: 2895: 2893: 2884: 2883: 2879: 2870: 2868: 2859: 2858: 2854: 2845: 2843: 2835: 2834: 2830: 2821: 2819: 2806: 2805: 2801: 2790: 2786: 2770: 2769: 2749: 2745: 2737: 2731: 2727: 2717: 2715: 2706: 2705: 2701: 2691: 2689: 2685: 2681: 2680: 2676: 2667: 2665: 2656: 2655: 2651: 2641: 2639: 2636: 2632: 2631: 2627: 2618: 2616: 2611: 2610: 2606: 2601: 2596: 2562:Diesel electric 2546: 2541: 2539: 2536: 2441: 2439:Other countries 2408:Vienna, Austria 2387:MAN Lion's City 2383:ultracapacitors 2361: 2324: 2297:MAN Lion's City 2277: 2155: 2128: 2079: 2070:Scania Citywide 2013: 1986: 1946: 1929: 1916: 1888: 1866: 1854: 1824: 1809: 1797: 1780: 1758: 1718: 1702: 1636:Halifax Transit 1620:London, Ontario 1436:Transit Windsor 1418: 1382:): two vehicles 1320:, Pennsylvania) 1234:Aspen, Colorado 623: 618: 610: 587: 572:ISE Corporation 568: 561: 493:Mitsubishi Fuso 449:and many more. 415:Mitsubishi Fuso 367:Diesel–electric 363: 362: 361: 360: 359: 342: 333: 332: 331: 321: 312: 311: 310: 308:articulated bus 297: 288: 287: 286: 267: 258: 257: 251: 245: 225: 219: 210:ultracapacitors 197: 191: 153: 147: 133:). Since 2003, 123: 117: 112: 75:system with an 54:Diesel–electric 42: 36: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4199: 4189: 4188: 4183: 4166: 4165: 4163: 4162: 4155: 4140: 4137: 4136: 4134: 4133: 4128: 4123: 4117: 4115: 4109: 4108: 4106: 4105: 4104: 4103: 4098: 4093: 4088: 4083: 4078: 4077: 4076: 4071: 4066: 4058: 4053: 4043: 4037: 4035: 4031: 4030: 4028: 4027: 4022: 4017: 4012: 4007: 4002: 3997: 3992: 3991: 3990: 3980: 3975: 3970: 3965: 3960: 3955: 3950: 3945: 3939: 3937: 3933: 3932: 3930: 3929: 3924: 3919: 3914: 3908: 3906: 3902: 3901: 3894: 3892: 3890: 3889: 3884: 3879: 3874: 3869: 3864: 3859: 3854: 3849: 3844: 3839: 3834: 3833: 3832: 3822: 3817: 3812: 3807: 3802: 3800:Bi-articulated 3797: 3791: 3789: 3785: 3784: 3779: 3776: 3775: 3768: 3767: 3760: 3753: 3745: 3727: 3726: 3719: 3718:External links 3716: 3713: 3712: 3686: 3661: 3639: 3618: 3596: 3575: 3550: 3524: 3513:on 13 May 2012 3498: 3481: 3456: 3435: 3414: 3404:. Busportal.sk 3390: 3365: 3351: 3337: 3334:on 2011-12-22. 3319: 3293: 3272: 3251: 3226: 3209: 3184: 3154: 3128: 3099: 3078: 3053: 3028: 3002: 2977: 2952: 2927: 2902: 2877: 2852: 2828: 2799: 2784: 2743: 2725: 2699: 2674: 2649: 2625: 2603: 2602: 2600: 2597: 2595: 2594: 2589: 2584: 2579: 2574: 2569: 2564: 2559: 2553: 2552: 2551: 2535: 2532: 2531: 2530: 2521: 2512: 2498: 2489: 2480: 2440: 2437: 2436: 2435: 2432: 2429: 2426: 2423:Warsaw, Poland 2420: 2410: 2405: 2395: 2390: 2375: 2360: 2357: 2356: 2355: 2345: 2335: 2323: 2320: 2319: 2318: 2309: 2300: 2276: 2273: 2272: 2271: 2265: 2256: 2251: 2245: 2240: 2235: 2217:Bath, Somerset 2210: 2204: 2183: 2173: 2127: 2124: 2123: 2122: 2115: 2108: 2101: 2094: 2078: 2075: 2074: 2073: 2059: 2050: 2041: 2032: 2023: 2012: 2009: 2008: 2007: 2006:(articulated). 1997: 1985: 1982: 1981: 1980: 1975: 1970: 1965: 1960: 1945: 1942: 1941: 1940: 1935: 1928: 1925: 1915: 1912: 1911: 1910: 1887: 1884: 1883: 1882: 1877: 1872: 1865: 1862: 1861: 1860: 1853: 1850: 1846: 1845: 1823: 1820: 1819: 1818: 1815: 1808: 1805: 1804: 1803: 1796: 1793: 1792: 1791: 1786: 1779: 1776: 1775: 1774: 1769: 1764: 1757: 1754: 1753: 1752: 1747: 1742: 1739: 1734: 1729: 1724: 1717: 1714: 1701: 1698: 1697: 1696: 1686: 1681: 1672: 1667: 1653: 1643: 1633: 1623: 1613: 1599: 1585: 1571: 1566: 1556: 1546: 1536: 1526: 1516: 1506: 1497: 1487: 1477: 1463: 1453: 1443: 1417: 1414: 1413: 1412: 1407: 1400:Salt Lake City 1393: 1383: 1373: 1361: 1351: 1341: 1331: 1321: 1311: 1301: 1291: 1281: 1271: 1261: 1251: 1237: 1227: 1217: 1203: 1193: 1183: 1173: 1163: 1153: 1148: 1143: 1137: 1127: 1122: 1119:Houston, Texas 1112: 1102: 1092: 1082: 1072: 1062: 1052: 1042: 1032: 1022: 1012: 1007: 1002: 997: 987: 980:Howard Transit 977: 967: 957: 947: 933: 923: 913: 903: 893: 883: 873: 863: 853: 843: 833: 823: 820:Columbus, Ohio 813: 808: 803: 793: 783: 773: 763: 753: 743: 733: 723: 713: 703: 700: 690: 680: 622: 619: 617: 614: 609: 606: 586: 583: 582: 581: 578:Azure Dynamics 575: 567: 564: 559: 343: 336: 335: 334: 322: 315: 314: 313: 298: 291: 290: 289: 268: 261: 260: 259: 255: 254: 253: 252: 244: 241: 223:Global warming 221:Main article: 218: 215: 214: 213: 190: 187: 183:appropriations 179:electric range 151:Plug-in hybrid 149:Main article: 146: 145:Plug-in hybrid 143: 119:Main article: 116: 113: 111: 108: 96:green vehicles 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4198: 4187: 4184: 4182: 4179: 4178: 4176: 4161: 4160: 4156: 4154: 4153: 4142: 4141: 4138: 4132: 4129: 4127: 4124: 4122: 4119: 4118: 4116: 4114: 4113:Manufacturing 4110: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4094: 4092: 4089: 4087: 4084: 4082: 4079: 4075: 4072: 4070: 4067: 4065: 4062: 4061: 4059: 4057: 4054: 4052: 4049: 4048: 4047: 4044: 4042: 4039: 4038: 4036: 4032: 4026: 4023: 4021: 4018: 4016: 4013: 4011: 4008: 4006: 4003: 4001: 3998: 3996: 3993: 3989: 3986: 3985: 3984: 3981: 3979: 3976: 3974: 3971: 3969: 3968:Mobile lounge 3966: 3964: 3961: 3959: 3956: 3954: 3951: 3949: 3946: 3944: 3941: 3940: 3938: 3934: 3928: 3927:Rapid transit 3925: 3923: 3920: 3918: 3915: 3913: 3910: 3909: 3907: 3903: 3898: 3888: 3885: 3883: 3880: 3878: 3875: 3873: 3872:Single-decker 3870: 3868: 3865: 3863: 3860: 3858: 3855: 3853: 3850: 3848: 3845: 3843: 3840: 3838: 3835: 3831: 3828: 3827: 3826: 3825:Double-decker 3823: 3821: 3818: 3816: 3813: 3811: 3808: 3806: 3803: 3801: 3798: 3796: 3793: 3792: 3790: 3786: 3782: 3777: 3773: 3766: 3761: 3759: 3754: 3752: 3747: 3746: 3743: 3739: 3737: 3732: 3725: 3722: 3721: 3701: 3697: 3690: 3676:on 2011-07-21 3675: 3671: 3665: 3650: 3643: 3628: 3622: 3607: 3600: 3585: 3579: 3564: 3560: 3554: 3538: 3534: 3528: 3512: 3508: 3502: 3491: 3485: 3471:on 2010-11-13 3470: 3466: 3460: 3445: 3439: 3424: 3418: 3403: 3397: 3395: 3380:on 2019-11-07 3379: 3375: 3369: 3361: 3355: 3347: 3341: 3333: 3329: 3323: 3307: 3303: 3297: 3290:. p. 73. 3289: 3282: 3276: 3261: 3255: 3241:on 2010-11-22 3240: 3236: 3230: 3224: 3220: 3217: 3213: 3199:on 2010-12-04 3198: 3194: 3188: 3173:on 2014-09-14 3172: 3168: 3164: 3158: 3144:on 2012-06-30 3143: 3139: 3132: 3125: 3109: 3103: 3088: 3082: 3063: 3057: 3038: 3032: 3017: 3013: 3006: 2992:on 2016-01-12 2991: 2987: 2981: 2967:on 2010-06-15 2966: 2962: 2956: 2942:on 2008-09-22 2941: 2937: 2931: 2916: 2912: 2906: 2892:on 2010-05-27 2891: 2887: 2881: 2866: 2862: 2856: 2842: 2838: 2832: 2818:on 2019-09-27 2817: 2813: 2809: 2803: 2795: 2788: 2780: 2774: 2766: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2747: 2736: 2729: 2713: 2709: 2703: 2684: 2678: 2664:on 2012-02-22 2663: 2659: 2653: 2635: 2629: 2615:. Volvo Buses 2614: 2608: 2604: 2593: 2590: 2588: 2585: 2583: 2582:List of buses 2580: 2578: 2575: 2573: 2570: 2568: 2565: 2563: 2560: 2558: 2555: 2554: 2549: 2538: 2529: 2525: 2522: 2520: 2516: 2513: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2499: 2497: 2493: 2490: 2488: 2484: 2481: 2479: 2475: 2472: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2456: 2452: 2448: 2446: 2433: 2430: 2427: 2424: 2421: 2418: 2414: 2411: 2409: 2406: 2403: 2399: 2396: 2394: 2391: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2363: 2362: 2353: 2349: 2346: 2343: 2339: 2336: 2333: 2329: 2326: 2325: 2317: 2313: 2310: 2308: 2304: 2301: 2298: 2294: 2291: 2290: 2286: 2281: 2269: 2266: 2264: 2260: 2257: 2255: 2252: 2249: 2246: 2244: 2243:Lothian Buses 2241: 2239: 2238:Reading Buses 2236: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2214: 2211: 2208: 2205: 2203: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2187: 2184: 2181: 2177: 2174: 2171: 2167: 2163: 2160: 2159: 2158: 2154: 2147: 2143: 2139: 2136: 2132: 2120: 2116: 2113: 2109: 2106: 2102: 2099: 2095: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2081: 2080: 2071: 2067: 2063: 2060: 2058: 2054: 2051: 2049: 2045: 2042: 2040: 2036: 2033: 2031: 2027: 2024: 2022: 2018: 2015: 2014: 2005: 2001: 1998: 1995: 1991: 1988: 1987: 1979: 1976: 1974: 1971: 1969: 1966: 1964: 1961: 1959: 1956: 1955: 1950: 1939: 1936: 1934: 1931: 1930: 1920: 1909: 1906: 1905: 1901: 1897: 1892: 1881: 1878: 1876: 1873: 1871: 1868: 1867: 1859: 1856: 1855: 1849: 1844: 1841: 1840: 1837: 1833: 1828: 1816: 1814: 1813:TransPeshawar 1811: 1810: 1802: 1799: 1798: 1790: 1787: 1785: 1782: 1781: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1759: 1751: 1748: 1746: 1743: 1740: 1738: 1735: 1733: 1730: 1728: 1725: 1723: 1720: 1719: 1711: 1706: 1694: 1690: 1687: 1685: 1682: 1680: 1676: 1673: 1671: 1668: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1654: 1651: 1647: 1644: 1641: 1637: 1634: 1631: 1627: 1624: 1621: 1617: 1614: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1600: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1586: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1564: 1560: 1557: 1554: 1550: 1547: 1544: 1540: 1537: 1534: 1530: 1527: 1524: 1523:Lévis, Quebec 1520: 1517: 1514: 1513:Laval, Quebec 1510: 1507: 1505: 1501: 1498: 1495: 1491: 1488: 1485: 1481: 1478: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1464: 1461: 1457: 1454: 1451: 1447: 1444: 1441: 1437: 1434: 1433: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1411: 1408: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1394: 1391: 1387: 1384: 1381: 1377: 1374: 1371: 1368: 1365: 1362: 1359: 1355: 1352: 1349: 1345: 1342: 1339: 1335: 1332: 1329: 1325: 1322: 1319: 1315: 1312: 1309: 1305: 1304:Sound Transit 1302: 1299: 1295: 1292: 1289: 1285: 1282: 1279: 1275: 1272: 1269: 1265: 1262: 1259: 1255: 1252: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1238: 1235: 1231: 1228: 1225: 1221: 1218: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1204: 1201: 1197: 1194: 1191: 1187: 1184: 1181: 1177: 1174: 1171: 1167: 1164: 1161: 1157: 1154: 1152: 1149: 1147: 1144: 1142: 1138: 1135: 1131: 1128: 1126: 1123: 1120: 1116: 1113: 1110: 1106: 1103: 1100: 1096: 1093: 1090: 1086: 1083: 1080: 1076: 1073: 1070: 1066: 1063: 1060: 1056: 1053: 1050: 1046: 1043: 1040: 1036: 1033: 1030: 1026: 1023: 1020: 1016: 1013: 1011: 1008: 1006: 1003: 1001: 998: 995: 991: 988: 985: 981: 978: 975: 971: 968: 965: 961: 958: 955: 954:Lynchburg, VA 951: 948: 945: 941: 940:Lafayette, IN 937: 934: 931: 927: 924: 921: 917: 914: 911: 907: 904: 901: 897: 894: 891: 887: 884: 881: 877: 874: 871: 867: 864: 861: 857: 854: 851: 847: 844: 841: 837: 834: 831: 827: 824: 821: 817: 814: 812: 809: 807: 804: 801: 797: 794: 791: 787: 784: 781: 777: 774: 771: 767: 764: 761: 757: 754: 751: 747: 744: 741: 737: 734: 731: 727: 724: 721: 717: 714: 711: 707: 704: 701: 698: 694: 691: 688: 684: 681: 678: 674: 671: 670: 666: 662: 659: 655: 650: 646: 644: 636: 632: 627: 621:United States 616:North America 613: 605: 603: 599: 595: 591: 579: 576: 573: 570: 569: 563: 556: 552: 548: 547:Double-Decker 544: 539: 537: 533: 529: 528:gear shifters 525: 521: 517: 513: 509: 505: 500: 498: 494: 489: 487: 483: 479: 475: 471: 467: 463: 459: 455: 450: 448: 444: 440: 436: 432: 428: 424: 420: 416: 412: 408: 404: 400: 396: 392: 388: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 358: 357:New York City 354: 350: 347: 340: 329: 326: 319: 309: 305: 302: 295: 284: 283:Tyne and Wear 280: 276: 272: 265: 250: 243:Manufacturers 240: 238: 234: 230: 224: 211: 207: 203: 199: 198: 196: 186: 184: 180: 175: 171: 166: 163: 159: 152: 142: 140: 137:has produced 136: 132: 128: 122: 107: 105: 101: 97: 93: 88: 86: 82: 78: 74: 71: 67: 63: 55: 51: 46: 41: 34: 30: 26: 25:fuel cell bus 22: 21:dual-mode bus 4157: 4143: 4121:Electric bus 4090: 4064:Ground-level 3728: 3704:. 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Retrieved 2917:. 2008-06-05 2914: 2905: 2894:. Retrieved 2890:the original 2886:"Energy.gov" 2880: 2869:. Retrieved 2867:. 2008-04-29 2864: 2855: 2844:. Retrieved 2840: 2831: 2820:. Retrieved 2816:the original 2811: 2802: 2787: 2756: 2746: 2728: 2716:. Retrieved 2711: 2702: 2690:. Retrieved 2677: 2666:. Retrieved 2662:the original 2652: 2640:. Retrieved 2628: 2617:. 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Index

dual-mode bus
fuel cell bus
all-electric buses
electric bus
Hybrid electric vehicle

Hino Blue Ribbon City
Diesel–electric
bus
internal combustion engine
propulsion
electric
Diesel–electric powertrain
hybrid electric vehicles
green vehicles
public transport
sustainable transport
Hybrid vehicle drivetrain
Volvo B5LH
Alexander Dennis Enviro400 MMC
Allison Transmission
dual-mode hybrid drive units
Plug-in hybrid
NASEO
RFP
United States Department of Energy
Navistar Corporation
electric range
appropriations
Solar bus

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