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modes and will be recharged from a standard electrical outlet. Because electricity will be their primary fuel, they will consume less petroleum than standard vehicles. To develop the PHEV school bus, Navistar will examine a range of hybrid architectures and evaluate advanced energy storage devices, with the goal of developing a vehicle with a 40-mile (64 km)
155:
A plug-in hybrid school bus effort began in 2003 in
Raleigh, NC, when Advanced Energy began working between districts across the country and manufacturers to understand the needs of both. The effort demonstrated both a technical and business feasibility and as a result was able to secure funding in
176:
for a cost-shared award of up to $ 10 million to develop, test, and deploy plug-in hybrid electric (PHEV) school buses. The project aims to deploy 60 vehicles for a three-year period in school bus fleets across the nation. The vehicles will be capable of running in either electric-only or hybrid
164:
from
Advanced Energy was won by IC Bus using a product jointly produced with Enova for a 22-mile plug-in hybrid product with a $ 140k premium over existing buses. The buses performed well in testing with 70% reductions in fuel usage although only in specific conditions.
181:. Travel beyond the 40-mile (64 km) range will be facilitated by a clean Diesel engine capable of running on renewable fuels. The DOE funding will cover up to half of the project's cost and will be provided over three years, subject to annual
557:
pack. The use of a 1.9-litre Diesel instead of the typical 7.0-litre engine in a traditional bus demonstrates the possible advantages of serial hybrids in extremely traffic-dense environments. Based on a London test cycle, a reduction in
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have developed a diesel engine hybrid bus using lithium batteries in 2002, and this model has since seen limited service in several
Japanese cities. The Blue Ribbon City Hybrid bus was presented by
2284:
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522:(parallel/series hybrid, branded Hybrid EP or H 40/50 EP). In May 2003 General Motors started to tour with hybrid electric buses developed together with Allison.
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which take the place of a conventional transmission, mostly for transit buses in North
America; as the name implies, it is able to switch between series and parallel modes.
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in 1997 on the
Japanese market. Since 1999, Hybrid electric buses with gas turbine generators have been developed by several manufacturers in the US and
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2861:"Enova Systems Announces Plug-In Hybrid School Bus Testing Shows 70 Percent Improved Fuel Economy and Significantly Reduced Emissions"
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The Green Bus Fund is a fund which is supporting bus companies and local authorities in the UK to help them buy new electric buses.
3087:"Hybrid Electric Vehicle Technologies, Inc (HEVT) | An IIT (Illinois Institute of Technology) Startup in Chicago | Home"
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emissions of 31% and fuel savings in the range of 40% have been demonstrated, compared with a "Euro-4" compliant bus.
549:", a new interpretation of the traditional red buses that are a feature of the extreme traffic density in London. The
3108:"Analysis of electric drive technologies for transit applications: Battery-electric, hybrid-electric, and fuel cells"
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Belgium / Wallonia (TEC): 90 Volvo 7900H (plug-in hybrid) + 208 solaris (combustion-electric) ordered in 2016Q4
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on the market in 2005. Several hundreds of those buses have entered into daily operation in the U.S. In 2006,
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hybrid before that model was discontinued, added a Diesel–electric hybrid option for its LFS series.
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This article deals with hybrid combustion / battery hybrid buses. For alternately powered buses, see
3510:
2961:"Munich starts using the first MAN hybrid city bus | Frontier India Aerospace, Land and Marine"
484:. The Whispering Wheel bus is another HEV using in-wheel motors. It was tested in winter 2003–04 in
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1226:). 1 gas and 1 diesel for testing use only; diesel was converted gas was hybrid from factory.
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2688:. Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy, United States Department of Energy
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2419:: one vehicle is being tested since April 2010; the test will continue for three years.
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2107:- using 17 hybrid buses, 15 Solaris Urbino 12 Hybrid and 2 Solaris Urbino 18 Hybrid.
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3584:"Autobús urbano ecológico y eficiente - 29/09/2009 - Equipamiento para municipios"
263:
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suggests introducing more hybrid Diesel–electric buses and a fuel containing 20%
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24:
20:
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3362:[Hybrid buses start operating in Minsk] (in Belarusian). 2019-07-19.
4151:
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518:(series hybrid, initially branded HybriDrive and now branded Series-E), or
465:
446:
32:
1999:
1948:
1826:
607:
44:
4004:
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3809:
3606:"Paris tests a new hybrid bus that uses ultracapacitors — Autoblog Green"
3374:"В СЛУЦКЕ СОСТОЯЛАСЬ ЦЕРЕМОНИЯ ПЕРЕДАЧИ ГИБРИДНОГО АВТОБУСА БЕЛКОММУНМАШ"
2764:
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1993:
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485:
473:
438:
348:
317:
232:
194:
16:
Bus that combines internal combustion and electric propulsion systems
3062:"Allison Hybrids Deliver Advanced Technology And Proven Reliability"
2514:
2097:
2056:
1967:
3723:
2837:"Pioneering Plug-In Hybrids - Alternative Fuels - School Bus Fleet"
2518:
2461:
2444:
2412:
2372:
2311:
2262:
2247:
2065:
2043:
2034:
2016:
1989:
1899:
1542:
1532:
1449:
889:
672:
597:
531:
511:
469:
402:
278:
125:
A hybrid electric bus may have either a parallel powertrain (e.g.,
2794:
HYBRID ELECTRIC SCHOOL BUS PRELIMINARY BUSINESS FEASIBILITY REPORT
1704:
1522:
4085:
3851:
3846:
3196:
2808:"Hybrid-electric project gains grant - Safety - School Bus Fleet"
2527:
2145:
2047:
1957:
1895:
1663:
1609:
1591:
1473:
464:
of New
Zealand. The first model went into commercial service in
3730:
2504:
2495:
2306:
2165:
2052:
1972:
1937:
1709:
1469:
1428:
1375:
1088:
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855:
664:
653:
553:
bus uses a small Diesel engine with electric storage through a
507:
394:
382:
324:
1678:
2025:
2020:
1962:
1932:
1835:
1655:
1313:
1054:
657:
648:
481:
216:
2792:
Pritchard, Ewan; Zickefoose, P.; Dulaney, Ken (2019-10-03).
1139:
468:
since 1999, and later models were sold for daily service in
442:
2315:
2029:
1403:
1343:
604:
and conventional hybrid electric buses into plug-in buses.
514:
produce hybrid electric buses using components from either
338:
2791:
2460:–electric buses provide feeder services in some routes of
460:, with the most successful design being the buses made by
3771:
3696:"Transporte Carretero - Yutong y su mejor año en Uruguay"
3649:"PostAuto operates the Volvo 7700 Hybrid on rural routes"
157:
65:
3740:
1801:
Vehicle, Fuel and
Environment Research Institute (VFERI)
3262:. The Regents of the University of Michigan. 2012-09-11
2100:- using 20 hybrid buses model Solaris Urbino 12 Hybrid.
608:
List of transit authorities using hybrid electric buses
378:
3535:. National Express West Midlands Buses. Archived from
3509:. National Express West Midlands Buses. Archived from
3281:"Service Summary - June 21, 2020 to September 5, 2020"
3086:
1115:
Metropolitan
Transit Authority of Harris County, Texas
79:
propulsion system. These type of buses normally use a
3647:
Volvo Buses - when productivity counts (2010-04-20).
1206:
129:) or a series powertrain (e.g., some versions of the
114:
3423:"Germany: MAN Lion's City Hybrid launches in Munich"
2537:
612:
Transit authorities that use hybrid electric buses:
592:(HEVT) makes conversions of new and used vehicles (
3444:"Hybrid Bus in the City: A Prototype with a Future"
3260:"Ann Arbor campus welcomes three more hybrid buses"
2751:Pritchard, Ewan; Johnson, Richard R. (2005-11-01).
2708:"Seattle ordering 235 diesel electric hybrid buses"
936:
Greater Lafayette Public Transportation Corporation
2753:"Hybrid Electric School Bus Technical Feasibility"
776:Central New York Regional Transportation Authority
565:
3533:"More green hybrid buses on Way to West Midlands"
3009:
2683:"Dual-Mode Hybrid/Two-Mode Hybrid Accomplishment"
1274:Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority - VTA
641:Federal funding generally comes from the federal
4172:
3037:"Series-E: Electric Propulsion and Power System"
2750:
1005:Kanawha Valley Regional Transportation Authority
3012:"The Whispering Wheel - Electric Diesel Hybrid"
2963:. Frontierindia.net. 2010-05-25. Archived from
204:in Wales. They are powered by hydrogen fuel or
3724:The Plug-in Hybrid Electric School Bus Project
2425:, 4 Solaris hybrid (combustion-electric) buses
2381:is using a hybrid electric bus outfitted with
1410:Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority
3756:
3396:
3394:
3360:"В Минске начали работать гибридные автобусы"
3135:
2283:Castrosua Tempus hybrid city bus at the 2008
3402:"BUSportal - Viac ako 30 percent nižšie CO2"
2428:Luxemburg (Sales-Lentz, Emile Weber and AVL)
2287:(International Bus and Coach Fair) in Madrid
2168:. This is the largest fleet in the UK, with
1372:*Has 5 vehicles used in fixed route service.
656:40 foot hybrid-electric bus equipped with a
545:has introduced a development of the London "
3304:. Transitbc.com. 2005-05-04. Archived from
3273:
3235:"Southwest Ohio Regional Transit Authority"
2358:
1642:. Currently owns two hybrid-electric buses.
716:Berks Area Reading Transportation Authority
502:For the North American transit bus market,
3763:
3749:
3391:
2777:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2367:(5 Kutsenits Hydra City II/III Hybrid's),
1922:AKSM-4202K Vitovt Hybrid in Minsk, Belarus
1085:Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority
574:ThunderVolt (filed for bankruptcy in 2010)
217:Air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions
160:to purchase up to 20 buses. The resulting
1324:Southwest Ohio Regional Transit Authority
1156:Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority
1010:Kansas City Area Transportation Authority
926:GoRaleigh (formerly Capital Area Transit)
766:Capital District Transportation Authority
200:Tribrid buses have been developed by the
3122:More transit authorities with HEV here (
2449:
2278:
2129:
1952:A hybrid electric bus in Lübeck, Germany
1947:
1917:
1889:
1825:
1703:
1419:
647:
624:
43:
3603:
3010:Hasslberger, Sepp (December 27, 2003).
2888:. Apps1.eere.energy.gov. Archived from
683:Ann Arbor Area Transportation Authority
633:hybrid-electric articulated bus on the
499:, a Toyota affiliate, in January 2005.
452:Toyota claims to have started with the
4173:
3237:. go Metro. 2009-04-21. Archived from
2660:. Alexander-dennis.com. Archived from
2004:Mercedes-Benz Citaro G BlueTec®-Hybrid
1176:Orange County Transportation Authority
3744:
3693:
1388:parking and transportation services (
1264:San Joaquin Regional Transit District
1240:San Diego Metropolitan Transit System
1230:Roaring Fork Transportation Authority
1220:Rhode Island Public Transit Authority
1000:Jacksonville Transportation Authority
756:Capital Area Transportation Authority
353:Metropolitan Transportation Authority
3193:"Citilink: Hybrid Bus Demonstration"
1125:Minneapolis-Saint Paul Metro Transit
693:Autoridad Metropolitana de Autobuses
590:Hybrid Electric Vehicle Technologies
534:, which had previously marketed the
3140:. Theotherpaper.com. Archived from
2938:. Energycurrent.com. Archived from
2732:
2314:, within the electric bus Project,
2121:- using 20 Mercedes Conecto Hybrid.
1708:A Tata Marcopolo CNG Hybrid bus in
1015:King County Metro Transit Authority
635:University of Massachusetts Amherst
172:(USDOE) announced the selection of
13:
3627:"MAN Nutzfahrzeuge - Hybrid drive"
3507:"Birmingham hybrid buses launched"
2911:"Green 'tribrid' minibus unveiled"
2438:
2114:- using 28 Mercedes Citaro Hybrid.
1367:The Interurban Transit Partnership
1196:Port Authority of Allegheny County
1170:North San Diego County, California
970:Hillsborough Area Regional Transit
170:United States Department of Energy
115:Types of hybrid vehicle drivetrain
14:
4197:
3717:
3490:"Bus fleet audit—13 January 2017"
1559:St. Catharines Transit Commission
950:Greater Lynchburg Transit Company
144:
4145:
3895:
3729:
3195:. Fwcitilink.com. Archived from
2735:"Hybrid School Bus Presentation"
2540:
2445:http://www.i-mut.net/en/about-us
2303:Empresa Municipal de Transportes
1652:. 11 out of 42 buses are hybrid.
1569:Toronto Transit Commission buses
1186:Pioneer Valley Transit Authority
896:Des Moines Area Regional Transit
620:
615:
337:
316:
292:
262:
242:
3917:Bombardier Guided Light Transit
3687:
3662:
3640:
3619:
3597:
3586:. Interempresas.net. 2009-09-29
3576:
3551:
3525:
3499:
3482:
3457:
3436:
3415:
3366:
3352:
3338:
3320:
3294:
3252:
3227:
3210:
3185:
3155:
3129:
3100:
3079:
3054:
3029:
3003:
2978:
2953:
2928:
2903:
2878:
2853:
2829:
2759:. Vol. 1. Warrendale, PA.
2182:– 18 currently, 21 more planned
1151:New York City Transit Authority
566:Former hybrid bus manufacturers
526:introduced its hybrid electric
3604:Navarro, Xavier (2009-04-15).
3425:. Automotive World. 2010-05-27
2988:. Tata Hispano. Archived from
2800:
2785:
2744:
2726:
2700:
2675:
2650:
2626:
2605:
2176:National Express West Midlands
1851:
1308:Puget Sound region, Washington
1278:Santa Clara County, California
816:Central Ohio Transit Authority
643:Diesel Emissions Reduction Act
637:campus, operated by the school
584:
580:(filed for bankruptcy in 2012)
188:
131:Alexander Dennis Enviro400 MMC
1:
3912:Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit
3672:. Postauto.ch. Archived from
3042:. BAE Systems. September 2014
2598:
1166:North County Transit District
906:Durham Area Transit Authority
876:Cache Valley Transit District
786:Charlotte Area Transit System
109:
68:that combines a conventional
3467:. Dft.gov.uk. Archived from
3376:. 2019-08-01. Archived from
3136:Jibreel Riley (2010-07-20).
3067:. Allison Transmission. 2016
2466:Rede Integrada de Transporte
2431:Belgium / Flanders (De Lijn)
2209:, Oxfordshire – 52 currently
2153:Low emission buses in London
2089:– The fleet consists of 130
1863:
1755:
1294:Sarasota County Area Transit
974:Hillsborough County, Florida
840:Snohomish County, Washington
710:Westchester County, New York
235:(BD20) would further reduce
139:dual-mode hybrid drive units
85:hybrid Diesel–electric buses
23:; for fuel cell hybrids see
7:
3138:"COTA: Hybrid Bus Purchase"
2533:
2365:Ljubljanski potniški promet
2002:– The fleet consists of 20
1992:– The fleet consists of 28
1885:
1806:
1105:MATBUS – Metro Area Transit
1075:Manatee County Area Transit
1059:Lehigh Valley, Pennsylvania
239:and petroleum consumption.
10:
4202:
3288:Toronto Transit Commission
3221:February 10, 2012, at the
3163:"Environmental Commitment"
2757:SAE Technical Paper Series
2348:Storstockholms Lokaltrafik
2150:
2076:
2062:Vestviken Kollektivtrafikk
1983:
1943:
1926:
1784:Delhi Multi-Module Transit
1574:Coast Mountain Bus Company
1190:Springfield, Massachusetts
964:Greenville, North Carolina
826:Clarksville Transit System
720:Berks County, Pennsylvania
663:transmission, operated by
375:Azure Dynamics Corporation
246:
220:
192:
148:
118:
81:Diesel–electric powertrain
70:internal combustion engine
37:
18:
4139:
4111:
4033:
3935:
3904:
3893:
3787:
3778:
3770:
3446:. Physorg.com. 2007-08-20
2577:Global Hybrid Cooperation
2354:. MAN Lion's City Hybrid.
2334:. MAN Lion's City Hybrid.
2321:
2010:
1913:
1830:A hybrid electric bus in
1693:1 ex TTC Orion VII NG HEV
1626:Strathcona County Transit
1616:London Transit Commission
1415:
1334:Spokane Transit Authority
1258:San Francisco, California
1180:Orange County, California
806:Chicago Transit Authority
790:Charlotte, North Carolina
365:Current manufacturers of
121:Hybrid vehicle drivetrain
2572:Electric-vehicle battery
2385:; the model used is the
2359:Other European countries
2274:
2259:Stagecoach East Scotland
2138:Wright Pulsar Gemini HEV
1821:
1777:
1722:Beijing Public Transport
1715:
1298:Sarasota County, Florida
1224:Providence, Rhode Island
1200:Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
1109:Fargo, ND – Moorhead, MN
811:Citibus (Lubbock, Texas)
551:Wright Pulsar Gemini HEV
92:hybrid electric vehicles
4186:Plug-in hybrid vehicles
3495:. Transport for London.
3346:"Transit goes green-er"
2613:"Hybrid - B5L - Hybrid"
2225:Manchester Metroshuttle
1880:Tower Transit Singapore
1858:Green Frog Hybrid Buses
1794:
1699:
1563:St. Catharines, Ontario
1456:Hamilton Street Railway
1446:Edmonton Transit System
1079:Manatee County, Florida
1049:Los Angeles, California
984:Howard County, Maryland
960:Greenville Area Transit
930:Raleigh, North Carolina
750:Broward County, Florida
740:Broome County, New York
677:Albuquerque, New Mexico
541:In the United Kingdom,
349:Orion VII OG HEV 07.501
249:List of hybrid vehicles
202:University of Glamorgan
40:Hybrid electric vehicle
4056:Capacitor electric bus
3670:"First hybrid Postbus"
2841:www.schoolbusfleet.com
2812:www.schoolbusfleet.com
2658:"Double Deck (2 axle)"
2469:
2288:
2148:
1953:
1923:
1903:
1838:
1789:Mumbai BEST CNG-Hybrid
1712:
1684:Niagara Region Transit
1431:
1396:Utah Transit Authority
1386:University of Michigan
1370:Grand Rapids, Michigan
1288:Santa Rosa, California
1039:Long Beach, California
916:Eureka Transit Service
910:Durham, North Carolina
830:Clarksville, Tennessee
746:Broward County Transit
668:
638:
399:Motor Coach Industries
83:and are also known as
57:
4181:Hybrid electric buses
3830:Lowbridge double-deck
3738:at Wikimedia Commons
3702:(in European Spanish)
3302:"Hybrid Electric Bus"
2634:"XL3 Hybrid Electric"
2453:
2328:Jönköpings Länstrafik
2282:
2170:around 2,300 vehicles
2135:First West of England
2133:
2125:
1996:Hybrid (articulated).
1951:
1921:
1893:
1829:
1707:
1670:Durham Region Transit
1423:
1248:San Diego, California
1210:Citizens Area Transit
1065:Madison Metro Transit
1025:Lane Transit District
994:Indianapolis, Indiana
850:Vancouver, Washington
736:Broome County Transit
697:San Juan, Puerto Rico
651:
628:
369:hybrid buses include
277:-electric bus on the
227:A report prepared by
104:sustainable transport
50:Hino Blue Ribbon City
47:
4051:Battery electric bus
3736:Hybrid-powered buses
3700:Transporte Carretero
3608:. Green.autoblog.com
3559:"Oxford Bus Company"
2865:www.businesswire.com
2765:10.4271/2005-01-3615
2557:Battery electric bus
2344:. Volvo 7700 Hybrid.
2091:Mercedes-Benz Citaro
1894:Hino HU2ASKP-VJT in
1741:Shenzhen Western Bus
1737:Shenzhen Eastern Bus
1640:Halifax, Nova Scotia
1268:Stockton, California
796:Chatham Area Transit
730:Bloomington, Indiana
631:New Flyer Industries
520:Allison Transmission
504:New Flyer Industries
488:in the Netherlands.
407:Orion Bus Industries
387:New Flyer Industries
351:in service with the
301:New Flyer Industries
237:greenhouse emissions
174:Navistar Corporation
135:Allison Transmission
90:The introduction of
4091:Hybrid electric bus
3820:Cutaway van chassis
3563:www.oxfordbus.co.uk
2936:"Energycurrent.com"
2404:, with 10 Volvo B5L
2338:Göteborgs Spårvägar
2254:Brighton & Hove
1767:New World First Bus
1750:Zhengzhou Bus Group
1650:Lethbridge, Alberta
1484:Quebec City, Quebec
1390:Ann Arbor, Michigan
1338:Spokane, Washington
1141:WeGo Public Transit
1134:Baltimore, Maryland
1029:Lane County, Oregon
1019:Seattle, Washington
870:Fort Wayne, Indiana
726:Bloomington Transit
706:Bee-Line Bus System
702:Baltimore, Maryland
687:Ann Arbor, Michigan
600:conversions), from
555:lithium ion battery
478:Newcastle upon Tyne
435:VDL Bus & Coach
62:hybrid electric bus
3694:Hernandez, Pablo.
3113:. 2005. p. 20
3016:New Media Explorer
2470:
2289:
2207:Oxford Bus Company
2149:
1954:
1924:
1904:
1902:, operator by BMTA
1843:Marunouchi Shuttle
1839:
1817:Greenline, Karachi
1732:Shenzhen Bus Group
1713:
1646:Lethbridge Transit
1553:Sherbrooke, Quebec
1432:
1284:Santa Rosa CityBus
1254:San Francisco MUNI
1146:New Jersey Transit
1099:Memphis, Tennessee
1035:Long Beach Transit
944:West Lafayette, IN
920:Eureka, California
780:Syracuse, New York
669:
639:
454:Coaster Hybrid Bus
58:
29:all-electric buses
4168:
4167:
4010:Train replacement
3734:Media related to
3167:Community Transit
2986:"tatahispano.com"
2714:. 22 October 2003
2402:Trondheim, Norway
2270:, from April 2013
2117:Publitrans 2000,
1772:Kowloon Motor Bus
1630:Strathcona County
1500:Saskatoon Transit
1494:Longueuil, Quebec
1460:Hamilton, Ontario
1450:Edmonton, Alberta
1244:San Diego Transit
1214:Las Vegas, Nevada
1160:Buffalo, New York
836:Community Transit
800:Savannah, Georgia
760:Lansing, Michigan
229:Purdue University
4193:
4152:Buses portal
4150:
4149:
4148:
3899:
3887:Transit Elevated
3765:
3758:
3751:
3742:
3741:
3733:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3707:
3691:
3685:
3684:
3682:
3681:
3666:
3660:
3659:
3657:
3656:
3651:. Volvobuses.com
3644:
3638:
3637:
3635:
3634:
3623:
3617:
3616:
3614:
3613:
3601:
3595:
3594:
3592:
3591:
3580:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3569:
3555:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3544:
3529:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3503:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3486:
3480:
3479:
3477:
3476:
3465:"Green Bus Fund"
3461:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3451:
3440:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3430:
3419:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3409:
3398:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3385:
3370:
3364:
3363:
3356:
3350:
3349:
3342:
3336:
3335:
3330:. Archived from
3324:
3318:
3317:
3315:
3313:
3298:
3292:
3291:
3285:
3277:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3267:
3256:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3246:
3231:
3225:
3214:
3208:
3207:
3205:
3204:
3189:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3178:
3169:. Archived from
3159:
3153:
3152:
3150:
3149:
3133:
3127:
3121:
3119:
3118:
3112:
3104:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3094:
3083:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3072:
3066:
3058:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3047:
3041:
3033:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3007:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2982:
2976:
2975:
2973:
2972:
2957:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2947:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2923:
2922:
2907:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2897:
2882:
2876:
2875:
2873:
2872:
2857:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2847:
2833:
2827:
2826:
2824:
2823:
2814:. Archived from
2804:
2798:
2797:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2776:
2768:
2748:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2730:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2719:
2704:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2693:
2687:
2679:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2669:
2654:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2643:
2638:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2620:
2609:
2550:
2545:
2544:
2543:
2268:Arriva Yorkshire
1675:Brampton Transit
1582:British Columbia
1543:Gatineau, Quebec
1533:Montreal, Quebec
1440:Windsor, Ontario
1380:Portland, Oregon
1358:Honolulu, Hawaii
1328:Cincinnati, Ohio
900:Des Moines, Iowa
886:DART First State
770:Albany, New York
602:combustion buses
524:General Electric
371:Alexander Dennis
341:
320:
296:
266:
208:, batteries and
102:forms a part of
100:public transport
98:for purposes of
4201:
4200:
4196:
4195:
4194:
4192:
4191:
4190:
4171:
4170:
4169:
4164:
4146:
4144:
4135:
4107:
4029:
4025:Tourist trolley
3931:
3900:
3891:
3783:
3774:
3769:
3720:
3715:
3714:
3705:
3703:
3692:
3688:
3679:
3677:
3668:
3667:
3663:
3654:
3652:
3645:
3641:
3632:
3630:
3625:
3624:
3620:
3611:
3609:
3602:
3598:
3589:
3587:
3582:
3581:
3577:
3567:
3565:
3557:
3556:
3552:
3542:
3540:
3539:on 11 June 2012
3531:
3530:
3526:
3516:
3514:
3505:
3504:
3500:
3492:
3488:
3487:
3483:
3474:
3472:
3463:
3462:
3458:
3449:
3447:
3442:
3441:
3437:
3428:
3426:
3421:
3420:
3416:
3407:
3405:
3400:
3399:
3392:
3383:
3381:
3372:
3371:
3367:
3358:
3357:
3353:
3344:
3343:
3339:
3326:
3325:
3321:
3311:
3309:
3308:on July 3, 2007
3300:
3299:
3295:
3283:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3265:
3263:
3258:
3257:
3253:
3244:
3242:
3233:
3232:
3228:
3223:Wayback Machine
3215:
3211:
3202:
3200:
3191:
3190:
3186:
3176:
3174:
3161:
3160:
3156:
3147:
3145:
3134:
3130:
3116:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3105:
3101:
3092:
3090:
3085:
3084:
3080:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3059:
3055:
3045:
3043:
3039:
3035:
3034:
3030:
3020:
3018:
3008:
3004:
2995:
2993:
2984:
2983:
2979:
2970:
2968:
2959:
2958:
2954:
2945:
2943:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2920:
2918:
2909:
2908:
2904:
2895:
2893:
2884:
2883:
2879:
2870:
2868:
2859:
2858:
2854:
2845:
2843:
2835:
2834:
2830:
2821:
2819:
2806:
2805:
2801:
2790:
2786:
2770:
2769:
2749:
2745:
2737:
2731:
2727:
2717:
2715:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2691:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2680:
2676:
2667:
2665:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2618:
2616:
2611:
2610:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2562:Diesel electric
2546:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2441:
2439:Other countries
2408:Vienna, Austria
2387:MAN Lion's City
2383:ultracapacitors
2361:
2324:
2297:MAN Lion's City
2277:
2155:
2128:
2079:
2070:Scania Citywide
2013:
1986:
1946:
1929:
1916:
1888:
1866:
1854:
1824:
1809:
1797:
1780:
1758:
1718:
1702:
1636:Halifax Transit
1620:London, Ontario
1436:Transit Windsor
1418:
1382:): two vehicles
1320:, Pennsylvania)
1234:Aspen, Colorado
623:
618:
610:
587:
572:ISE Corporation
568:
561:
493:Mitsubishi Fuso
449:and many more.
415:Mitsubishi Fuso
367:Diesel–electric
363:
362:
361:
360:
359:
342:
333:
332:
331:
321:
312:
311:
310:
308:articulated bus
297:
288:
287:
286:
267:
258:
257:
251:
245:
225:
219:
210:ultracapacitors
197:
191:
153:
147:
133:). Since 2003,
123:
117:
112:
75:system with an
54:Diesel–electric
42:
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4199:
4189:
4188:
4183:
4166:
4165:
4163:
4162:
4155:
4140:
4137:
4136:
4134:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4117:
4115:
4109:
4108:
4106:
4105:
4104:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4077:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4058:
4053:
4043:
4037:
4035:
4031:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3991:
3990:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3939:
3937:
3933:
3932:
3930:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3908:
3906:
3902:
3901:
3894:
3892:
3890:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3833:
3832:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3800:Bi-articulated
3797:
3791:
3789:
3785:
3784:
3779:
3776:
3775:
3768:
3767:
3760:
3753:
3745:
3727:
3726:
3719:
3718:External links
3716:
3713:
3712:
3686:
3661:
3639:
3618:
3596:
3575:
3550:
3524:
3513:on 13 May 2012
3498:
3481:
3456:
3435:
3414:
3404:. Busportal.sk
3390:
3365:
3351:
3337:
3334:on 2011-12-22.
3319:
3293:
3272:
3251:
3226:
3209:
3184:
3154:
3128:
3099:
3078:
3053:
3028:
3002:
2977:
2952:
2927:
2902:
2877:
2852:
2828:
2799:
2784:
2743:
2725:
2699:
2674:
2649:
2625:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2553:
2552:
2551:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2530:
2521:
2512:
2498:
2489:
2480:
2440:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2423:Warsaw, Poland
2420:
2410:
2405:
2395:
2390:
2375:
2360:
2357:
2356:
2355:
2345:
2335:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2318:
2309:
2300:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2271:
2265:
2256:
2251:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2217:Bath, Somerset
2210:
2204:
2183:
2173:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2115:
2108:
2101:
2094:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2073:
2059:
2050:
2041:
2032:
2023:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2007:
2006:(articulated).
1997:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1940:
1935:
1928:
1925:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1910:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1853:
1850:
1846:
1845:
1823:
1820:
1819:
1818:
1815:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1803:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1791:
1786:
1779:
1776:
1775:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1717:
1714:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1696:
1686:
1681:
1672:
1667:
1653:
1643:
1633:
1623:
1613:
1599:
1585:
1571:
1566:
1556:
1546:
1536:
1526:
1516:
1506:
1497:
1487:
1477:
1463:
1453:
1443:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1400:Salt Lake City
1393:
1383:
1373:
1361:
1351:
1341:
1331:
1321:
1311:
1301:
1291:
1281:
1271:
1261:
1251:
1237:
1227:
1217:
1203:
1193:
1183:
1173:
1163:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1137:
1127:
1122:
1119:Houston, Texas
1112:
1102:
1092:
1082:
1072:
1062:
1052:
1042:
1032:
1022:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
987:
980:Howard Transit
977:
967:
957:
947:
933:
923:
913:
903:
893:
883:
873:
863:
853:
843:
833:
823:
820:Columbus, Ohio
813:
808:
803:
793:
783:
773:
763:
753:
743:
733:
723:
713:
703:
700:
690:
680:
622:
619:
617:
614:
609:
606:
586:
583:
582:
581:
578:Azure Dynamics
575:
567:
564:
559:
343:
336:
335:
334:
322:
315:
314:
313:
298:
291:
290:
289:
268:
261:
260:
259:
255:
254:
253:
252:
244:
241:
223:Global warming
221:Main article:
218:
215:
214:
213:
190:
187:
183:appropriations
179:electric range
151:Plug-in hybrid
149:Main article:
146:
145:Plug-in hybrid
143:
119:Main article:
116:
113:
111:
108:
96:green vehicles
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4198:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4178:
4176:
4161:
4160:
4156:
4154:
4153:
4142:
4141:
4138:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4114:
4113:Manufacturing
4110:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4048:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4038:
4036:
4032:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3989:
3986:
3985:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3968:Mobile lounge
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3940:
3938:
3934:
3928:
3927:Rapid transit
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3909:
3907:
3903:
3898:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3872:Single-decker
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3831:
3828:
3827:
3826:
3825:Double-decker
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3777:
3773:
3766:
3761:
3759:
3754:
3752:
3747:
3746:
3743:
3739:
3737:
3732:
3725:
3722:
3721:
3701:
3697:
3690:
3676:on 2011-07-21
3675:
3671:
3665:
3650:
3643:
3628:
3622:
3607:
3600:
3585:
3579:
3564:
3560:
3554:
3538:
3534:
3528:
3512:
3508:
3502:
3491:
3485:
3471:on 2010-11-13
3470:
3466:
3460:
3445:
3439:
3424:
3418:
3403:
3397:
3395:
3380:on 2019-11-07
3379:
3375:
3369:
3361:
3355:
3347:
3341:
3333:
3329:
3323:
3307:
3303:
3297:
3290:. p. 73.
3289:
3282:
3276:
3261:
3255:
3241:on 2010-11-22
3240:
3236:
3230:
3224:
3220:
3217:
3213:
3199:on 2010-12-04
3198:
3194:
3188:
3173:on 2014-09-14
3172:
3168:
3164:
3158:
3144:on 2012-06-30
3143:
3139:
3132:
3125:
3109:
3103:
3088:
3082:
3063:
3057:
3038:
3032:
3017:
3013:
3006:
2992:on 2016-01-12
2991:
2987:
2981:
2967:on 2010-06-15
2966:
2962:
2956:
2942:on 2008-09-22
2941:
2937:
2931:
2916:
2912:
2906:
2892:on 2010-05-27
2891:
2887:
2881:
2866:
2862:
2856:
2842:
2838:
2832:
2818:on 2019-09-27
2817:
2813:
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2795:
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2766:
2762:
2758:
2754:
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2729:
2713:
2709:
2703:
2684:
2678:
2664:on 2012-02-22
2663:
2659:
2653:
2635:
2629:
2615:. Volvo Buses
2614:
2608:
2604:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2582:List of buses
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
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2568:
2565:
2563:
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2257:
2255:
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2246:
2244:
2243:Lothian Buses
2241:
2239:
2238:Reading Buses
2236:
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2015:
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1305:
1304:Sound Transit
1302:
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954:Lynchburg, VA
951:
948:
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940:Lafayette, IN
937:
934:
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678:
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659:
655:
650:
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644:
636:
632:
627:
621:United States
616:North America
613:
605:
603:
599:
595:
591:
579:
576:
573:
570:
569:
563:
556:
552:
548:
547:Double-Decker
544:
539:
537:
533:
529:
528:gear shifters
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
500:
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489:
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388:
384:
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372:
368:
358:
357:New York City
354:
350:
347:
340:
329:
326:
319:
309:
305:
302:
295:
284:
283:Tyne and Wear
280:
276:
272:
265:
250:
243:Manufacturers
240:
238:
234:
230:
224:
211:
207:
203:
199:
198:
196:
186:
184:
180:
175:
171:
166:
163:
159:
152:
142:
140:
137:has produced
136:
132:
128:
122:
107:
105:
101:
97:
93:
88:
86:
82:
78:
74:
71:
67:
63:
55:
51:
46:
41:
34:
30:
26:
25:fuel cell bus
22:
21:dual-mode bus
4157:
4143:
4121:Electric bus
4090:
4064:Ground-level
3728:
3704:. Retrieved
3699:
3689:
3678:. Retrieved
3674:the original
3664:
3653:. Retrieved
3642:
3631:. Retrieved
3629:. Man-mn.com
3621:
3610:. Retrieved
3599:
3588:. Retrieved
3578:
3566:. Retrieved
3562:
3553:
3541:. Retrieved
3537:the original
3527:
3515:. Retrieved
3511:the original
3501:
3484:
3473:. Retrieved
3469:the original
3459:
3448:. Retrieved
3438:
3427:. Retrieved
3417:
3406:. Retrieved
3382:. Retrieved
3378:the original
3368:
3354:
3340:
3332:the original
3328:"Hybrid Bus"
3322:
3310:. Retrieved
3306:the original
3296:
3275:
3264:. Retrieved
3254:
3243:. Retrieved
3239:the original
3229:
3212:
3201:. Retrieved
3197:the original
3187:
3177:September 3,
3175:. Retrieved
3171:the original
3157:
3146:. Retrieved
3142:the original
3131:
3115:. Retrieved
3102:
3091:. Retrieved
3081:
3069:. Retrieved
3056:
3044:. Retrieved
3031:
3019:. Retrieved
3015:
3005:
2994:. Retrieved
2990:the original
2980:
2969:. Retrieved
2965:the original
2955:
2944:. Retrieved
2940:the original
2930:
2919:. Retrieved
2917:. 2008-06-05
2914:
2905:
2894:. Retrieved
2890:the original
2886:"Energy.gov"
2880:
2869:. Retrieved
2867:. 2008-04-29
2864:
2855:
2844:. Retrieved
2840:
2831:
2820:. Retrieved
2816:the original
2811:
2802:
2787:
2756:
2746:
2728:
2716:. Retrieved
2711:
2702:
2690:. Retrieved
2677:
2666:. Retrieved
2662:the original
2652:
2640:. Retrieved
2628:
2617:. Retrieved
2607:
2567:Electric bus
2548:Buses portal
2483:Christchurch
2474:Buenos Aires
2443:Egypt IMUT:
2442:
2398:Team Trafikk
2393:Milan, Italy
2250:, Merseyside
2162:London Buses
2156:
2103:Transurban,
1847:
1504:Saskatchewan
1427:hybrid bus,
1318:Philadelphia
1130:MTA Maryland
640:
611:
588:
540:
501:
490:
466:Christchurch
451:
447:Tata Hispano
364:
256:Hybrid buses
226:
167:
154:
124:
89:
84:
61:
59:
33:electric bus
3815:Combination
3795:Articulated
2501:Mexico City
2487:New Zealand
2417:Switzerland
1994:Volvo 7900A
1870:SBS Transit
1852:Philippines
1727:Kunming Bus
1660:Mississauga
1632:, Alberta)
880:Logan, Utah
594:aftermarket
585:Conversions
516:BAE Systems
458:New Zealand
431:Volvo Buses
427:BAE Systems
281:service in
275:gas turbine
206:solar cells
189:Tribrid Bus
4175:Categories
4131:Trolleybus
4126:School bus
4101:Trolleybus
3988:by country
3877:Snow coach
3857:Multi-axle
3837:High-floor
3706:2024-06-24
3680:2010-11-27
3655:2010-11-27
3633:2010-11-27
3612:2010-11-27
3590:2010-11-27
3568:3 February
3475:2010-11-27
3450:2010-11-27
3429:2010-11-27
3408:2010-11-27
3384:2019-11-07
3266:2013-04-01
3245:2010-11-27
3203:2010-11-27
3148:2010-11-27
3117:2017-03-09
3093:2010-11-27
3071:7 February
3046:7 February
3021:7 February
2996:2013-08-05
2971:2010-11-27
2946:2010-11-27
2921:2008-06-05
2896:2010-11-27
2871:2019-09-27
2846:2019-09-27
2822:2019-09-27
2668:2013-05-29
2642:3 February
2619:2013-05-29
2599:References
2592:Trolleybus
2524:Montevideo
2342:Gothenburg
2213:FirstGroup
2190:Manchester
2186:Stagecoach
2180:Birmingham
2151:See also:
2112:Târgoviște
2110:S.P.M.T.,
2096:Transurb,
1875:SMRT Buses
1588:BC Transit
1466:OC Transpo
1425:OC Transpo
1348:Ithaca, NY
1089:Boston, MA
860:Ames, Iowa
661:DIWAhybrid
491:In Japan,
462:Designline
423:Designline
411:Daimler AG
385:(Brazil),
271:Designline
247:See also:
193:See also:
156:2005 from
127:Volvo B5LH
110:Powertrain
94:and other
73:propulsion
38:See also:
4081:Fuel cell
4069:Inductive
4060:Charging
4041:Dual-mode
3842:Low-floor
2796:(Report).
2773:cite book
2733:Dulaney.
2712:DieselNet
2587:Solar bus
2478:Argentina
2468:, Brazil.
2458:biodiesel
2369:Ljubljana
2352:Stockholm
2332:Jönköping
2293:Barcelona
2202:Newcastle
2198:Sheffield
2105:Satu Mare
2087:Bucharest
2039:Trondheim
2000:Kecskemét
1978:Nuremberg
1864:Singapore
1832:Hamamatsu
1756:Hong Kong
1745:Jinan Bus
1578:Vancouver
1364:The Rapid
1069:Wisconsin
685:(AAATA) (
543:Wrightbus
486:Apeldoorn
474:Hong Kong
443:Castrosua
439:Wrightbus
393:(India),
285:, England
233:biodiesel
195:Solar bus
106:schemes.
4159:Category
4074:Overhead
4046:Electric
4015:Training
3958:Campaign
3953:Armoured
3862:Open-top
3219:Archived
2534:See also
2519:Colombia
2509:Metrobús
2492:Curitiba
2462:Curitiba
2413:PostAuto
2373:Slovenia
2312:Figueres
2263:Aberdeen
2248:Cumfybus
2066:Vestfold
2044:Nettbuss
2035:Nettbuss
2017:Nettbuss
1990:Budapest
1900:Thailand
1886:Thailand
1807:Pakistan
1606:Waterloo
1596:Victoria
890:Delaware
866:Citilink
673:ABQ RIDE
598:retrofit
532:Nova Bus
512:Nova Bus
470:Auckland
279:QuayLink
77:electric
4005:Transit
4000:Sleeper
3995:Shuttle
3963:Express
3948:Airport
3905:Roadway
3882:Trailer
3788:Chassis
3312:May 18,
2528:Uruguay
2511:Line 4)
2389:Hybrid.
2377:Paris:
2299:Hybrid)
2221:Bristol
2172:in use.
2146:England
2119:Pitești
2093:Hybrid.
2077:Romania
2048:Arendal
1984:Hungary
1958:Dresden
1944:Germany
1927:Belarus
1896:Bangkok
1762:Citybus
1664:Ontario
1610:Ontario
1592:Kelowna
1474:Ontario
828:(CTS) (
403:Novabus
306:hybrid
304:DE60LFR
273:-built
52:hybrid
3983:School
3978:Police
3943:Advert
3922:Guided
3543:31 May
3517:31 May
3089:. HEVT
2718:8 July
2692:8 July
2515:Bogotá
2505:Mexico
2496:Brazil
2455:Hybrid
2322:Sweden
2307:Madrid
2194:Oxford
2166:London
2098:Galati
2057:Tromsø
2053:Nobina
2011:Norway
1973:Munich
1968:Lübeck
1938:Slutsk
1914:Europe
1710:Mumbai
1470:Ottawa
1429:Ottawa
1416:Canada
1376:TriMet
1354:TheBus
1045:LACMTA
990:IndyGo
856:CyRide
846:C-Tran
665:CyRide
654:Gillig
510:, and
508:Gillig
480:, and
395:Gillig
383:Eletra
330:hybrid
325:Gillig
31:, see
27:; for
4096:Solar
4034:Power
3973:Party
3867:Rigid
3810:Coach
3805:Bruck
3772:Buses
3493:(PDF)
3284:(PDF)
3111:(PDF)
3065:(PDF)
3040:(PDF)
2738:(PDF)
2686:(PDF)
2637:(PDF)
2275:Spain
2233:Essex
2229:Leeds
2026:Ruter
2021:Hamar
1963:Hagen
1933:Minsk
1848:etc.
1836:Japan
1822:Japan
1778:India
1716:China
1656:Miway
1314:SEPTA
1055:LANta
658:Voith
482:Tokyo
158:NASEO
64:is a
4086:Gyro
4020:Tour
3936:Uses
3852:Mini
3847:Midi
3781:List
3570:2018
3545:2012
3519:2012
3314:2022
3179:2014
3073:2021
3048:2021
3023:2021
2779:link
2720:2024
2694:2023
2644:2018
2379:RATP
2316:IDAE
2285:FIAA
2142:Bath
2030:Oslo
1908:BMTA
1795:Iran
1700:Asia
1594:and
1404:Utah
1344:TCAT
1095:MATA
942:and
596:and
497:Hino
391:Tata
379:Ebus
168:The
3124:FTA
2915:BBC
2761:doi
2464:'s
2140:in
2083:STB
1689:SSM
1679:ZUM
1602:GRT
1549:STS
1539:STO
1529:STM
1519:STL
1509:STL
1490:RTL
1480:RTC
982:, (
536:RTS
437:,
421:,
419:MAN
413:'s
409:,
355:in
346:OBI
344:An
328:BRT
162:RFP
66:bus
56:bus
4177::
3698:.
3561:.
3393:^
3286:.
3165:.
3014:.
2913:.
2863:.
2839:.
2810:.
2775:}}
2771:{{
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2126:UK
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2055:,
2046:,
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558:CO
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