31:
190:
801:
252:
200:
55:
4131:
874:
472:
Givnish, Thomas J.; Zuluaga, Alejandro; Spalink, Daniel; Soto Gomez, Marybel; Lam, Vivienne K. Y.; Saarela, Jeffrey M.; Sass, Chodon; Iles, William J. D.; de Sousa, Danilo José Lima; Leebens-Mack, James; Chris Pires, J.; Zomlefer, Wendy B.; Gandolfo, Maria A.; Davis, Jerrold I.; Stevenson, Dennis W.;
209:
Plants are submerged and emergent aquatic plants, rooted in the substrate below the water. They are tiny plants, just a few cm tall. Most species are ephemeral aquatics that flower in vernal pools when the water draws down, but several species are submerged perennials found in shallow lakes. The
299:) and thus represents one of the most ancient lineages of flowering plants. Developers of earlier classifications were misled by the apparently reduced vegetative and reproductive morphology of these plants. As aquatic herbs, Hydatellaceae have environmental adaptations leading to
672:
Rudall, Paula J.; Sokoloff, Dmitry D.; Remizowa, Margarita V.; Conran, John G.; Davis, Jerrold I.; Macfarlane, Terry D. & Stevenson, Dennis W. (2007). "Morphology of
Hydatellaceae, an anomalous aquatic family recently recognized as an early-divergent angiosperm lineage".
303:
that create a morphological similarity to the more distant taxon. Careful reanalysis of their morphological traits and comparisons with other so-called 'basal' angiosperms have supported this "dramatic taxonomic adjustment". This realignment is now recognized in the
577:
Smissen, Rob D.; Ford, Kerry A.; Champion, Paul D.; Heenan, Peter B. (2019). "Genetic variation in
Trithuria inconspicua and T. filamentosa (Hydatellaceae): a new subspecies and a hypothesis of apomixis arising within a predominantly selfing lineage".
230:
species are also known. Flower-like reproductive units are composed of small collections of minute stamen- and/or pistil-like structures that may each represent very reduced individual flower, so that the reproductive units may be
536:
Sokoloff, Dmitry D.; Marques, Isabel; Macfarlane, Terry D.; Remizowa, Margarita V.; Lam, Vivienne K.Y.; Pellicer, Jaume; Hidalgo, Oriane; Rudall, Paula J.; Graham, Sean W. (14 April 2019).
164:
as a result of DNA and morphological analyses showing that it represents one of the earliest groups to split off in flowering-plant phylogeny, rather than having a close relationship to
863:
156:. The family consists of tiny, relatively simple plants occurring in Australasia and India. It was formerly considered to be related to the grasses and sedges (order
479:"Monocot plastid phylogenomics, timeline, net rates of species diversification, the power of multi-gene analyses, and a functional model for the origin of monocots"
30:
617:
Saarela, Jeffery M.; Rai, Hardeep S.; Doyle, James A.; Endress, Peter K.; Mathews, Sarah; Marchant, Adam D.; Briggs, Barbara G. & Graham, Sean W. (2007).
40:
802:"Classification of the early-divergent angiosperm family Hydatellaceae: one genus instead of two, four new species and sexual dimorphism in dioecious taxa"
256:
407:
826:
4341:
117:
858:
4367:
906:
800:
Sokoloff, Dmitry D.; Remizowa, Terry D. Macfarlane, Paula J. Rudall, Margarita V.; Macfarlane, Terry D. & Rudall, Paula J. (2008).
538:"Cryptic species in an ancient floweringâplant lineage (Hydatellaceae, Nymphaeales) revealed by molecular and micromorphological data"
4289:
954:
763:
4354:
4302:
878:
738:
4359:
181:, which has at least 13 species, although species diversity in the family has probably been substantially underestimated.
4493:
899:
362:"An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III"
759:"An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV"
4447:
4372:
210:
simple leaves are concentrated basally around a short stem. Individual species are cosexual (with several types of
4328:
4442:
415:
933:
847:
4503:
4134:
959:
949:
892:
54:
4421:
4216:
4211:
4198:
4416:
754:
451:
446:
853:
799:
4382:
4307:
944:
4189:
4408:
4151:
4403:
4346:
4281:
820:
189:
4395:
619:"Hydatellaceae identified as a new branch near the base of the angiosperm phylogenetic tree"
4498:
4237:
630:
169:
8:
4268:
884:
634:
4465:
4276:
3974:
3192:
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2708:
1195:
939:
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49:
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2407:
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2078:
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1949:
1911:
1819:
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1316:
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273:
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149:
618:
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2417:
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2058:
1941:
1916:
1811:
1783:
1773:
1566:
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1326:
1152:
1059:
916:
474:
153:
92:
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3984:
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1985:
1921:
1778:
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1609:
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1379:
1241:
1180:
1044:
465:
305:
211:
79:
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199:
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1361:
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1331:
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1233:
1200:
1190:
1157:
1147:
1137:
988:
920:
786:
595:
563:
514:
473:
dePamphilis, Claude; Specht, Chelsea D.; Graham, Sean W.; Barrett, Craig F.;
309:
300:
291:
indicates that
Hydatellaceae is the living sister group of the water lilies (
277:
4434:
4009:
4004:
3989:
3979:
3918:
3800:
3785:
3755:
3712:
3702:
3656:
3633:
3623:
3595:
3496:
3476:
3446:
3388:
3335:
3257:
3212:
3172:
3127:
3117:
3107:
2999:
2968:
2933:
2918:
2832:
2827:
2733:
2487:
2482:
2447:
2427:
2402:
2389:
2379:
2351:
2308:
2303:
2260:
2227:
2212:
2174:
2151:
2088:
2083:
2068:
2033:
2015:
1967:
1906:
1901:
1893:
1768:
1728:
1662:
1642:
1632:
1624:
1591:
1551:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1430:
1425:
1389:
1306:
1185:
1142:
1039:
1016:
980:
704:
650:
522:
292:
232:
686:
505:
4315:
4183:
3964:
3860:
3820:
3795:
3790:
3780:
3648:
3638:
3628:
3610:
3559:
3511:
3506:
3486:
3466:
3393:
3320:
3262:
3217:
3157:
3122:
3019:
3009:
2953:
2865:
2804:
2799:
2751:
2723:
2703:
2663:
2645:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2512:
2507:
2472:
2366:
2323:
2298:
2222:
2194:
2189:
2028:
2005:
1990:
1959:
1878:
1753:
1733:
1695:
1546:
1541:
1518:
1503:
1445:
1435:
1341:
1336:
1288:
1205:
1129:
1114:
1091:
1086:
1011:
998:
437:
296:
161:
102:
642:
4047:
4037:
4014:
3898:
3835:
3770:
3697:
3674:
3600:
3546:
3456:
3310:
3297:
3272:
3252:
3004:
2986:
2958:
2928:
2923:
2855:
2814:
2791:
2728:
2718:
2668:
2653:
2582:
2537:
2522:
2432:
2333:
2313:
2275:
2255:
1977:
1883:
1763:
1748:
1738:
1468:
1417:
1356:
1311:
1162:
1119:
1078:
1069:
388:
281:
777:
758:
695:
554:
537:
529:
495:
478:
4320:
4263:
4250:
4055:
4024:
3956:
3825:
3684:
3666:
3618:
3587:
3516:
3461:
3398:
3383:
3368:
3305:
3287:
3222:
3197:
3034:
2938:
2890:
2870:
2517:
2422:
2397:
1868:
1860:
1758:
1723:
1700:
1690:
1675:
1614:
1571:
1531:
1508:
1278:
1210:
1101:
850:: descriptions, illustrations, identification, information retrieval.
320:
287:. However, research based on DNA sequences and morphology by Saarela
227:
215:
177:
132:
4294:
4145:
587:
264:
The family was for many years assumed to be a close relative of the
4429:
4168:
3908:
3830:
3740:
3722:
3471:
3408:
3360:
3350:
3207:
3024:
2910:
2885:
2847:
2688:
2557:
2542:
2328:
2318:
2293:
2250:
2217:
2126:
2053:
1850:
1833:
1685:
1601:
1455:
1270:
1260:
1172:
873:
854:
https://web.archive.org/web/20060424062016/http://delta-intkey.com/
570:
284:
223:
165:
4255:
3870:
3536:
2635:
2590:
2285:
2237:
2204:
2118:
1842:
1788:
1296:
535:
406:
Macfarlane, T.D.; Watson, L. & Marchant, N.G., eds. (2000).
2141:
2108:
1715:
1526:
471:
269:
265:
240:
157:
4333:
4242:
845:
Hydatellaceae in L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards).,
316:
173:
66:
671:
753:
359:
914:
729:; Crane, Peter R. & Pederses, Kaj Raunsgaard (2011).
576:
405:
280:
616:
168:, which it bears a superficial resemblance to due to
327:, which in 2008 was re-defined to include the genus
793:
725:
665:
4485:
610:
1810:
900:
719:
1232:
825:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
401:
399:
907:
893:
29:
776:
694:
553:
504:
494:
430:
387:
377:
764:Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
396:
366:Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
355:
353:
268:and was even sometimes lumped under the
250:
198:
188:
160:), but has been reassigned to the order
3348:
4486:
2117:
731:Early Flowers and Angiosperm Evolution
412:FloraBase: Flora of Western Australian
4150:
4149:
2106:
888:
747:
350:
4448:9175654f-936e-4c79-87a8-66fbf3a2098e
4383:0af9e787-90f2-4db0-ae23-a568a18b4d9d
222:(anemophilous) or self-pollinating (
360:Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009).
13:
14:
4515:
837:
315:The family now includes only the
4130:
4129:
872:
848:The families of flowering plants
379:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x
276:. Even as recently as 2003, the
53:
172:. The family includes only the
733:. Cambridge University Press.
184:
1:
343:
580:Australian Systematic Botany
235:. The non-fleshy fruits are
7:
4422:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:8-1
246:
10:
4520:
4494:Monogeneric plant families
755:Angiosperm Phylogeny Group
675:American Journal of Botany
483:American Journal of Botany
452:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
447:Plants of the World Online
38:Botanical illustration of
16:Family of flowering plants
4158:
4125:
4087:
4069:
4046:
4023:
3955:
3917:
3869:
3858:
3721:
3683:
3665:
3647:
3609:
3586:
3568:
3545:
3534:
3407:
3359:
3296:
3093:
3070:
3059:
2985:
2967:
2909:
2846:
2813:
2790:
2742:
2644:
2633:
2581:
2388:
2365:
2342:
2284:
2236:
2203:
2150:
2139:
2135:
2014:
2003:
1976:
1958:
1940:
1892:
1859:
1841:
1832:
1801:
1714:
1661:
1623:
1600:
1517:
1454:
1416:
1388:
1370:
1287:
1269:
1254:
1223:
1171:
1128:
1100:
1077:
1068:
1057:
1025:
997:
979:
968:
928:
859:Hydatellaceae photographs
129:
124:
50:Scientific classification
48:
37:
28:
23:
852:Version: 27 April 2006.
489:(11). Wiley: 1888â1910.
408:"Hydatellaceae U Hamann"
4455:Watson & Dallwitz:
301:derived characteristics
334:. The type species is
261:
206:
196:
4404:Paleobiology Database
864:NCBI Taxonomy Browser
687:10.3732/ajb.94.7.1073
254:
226:). Two predominantly
204:Trithuria inconspicua
202:
192:
582:. CSIRO Publishing.
170:convergent evolution
4504:Angiosperm families
643:10.1038/nature05612
635:2007Natur.446..312S
477:(24 October 2018).
312:of classification.
41:Trithuria australis
3975:Pentaphragmataceae
3193:Stegnospermataceae
3085:Berberidopsidaceae
2709:Pentadiplandraceae
1196:Atherospermataceae
336:Trithuria submersa
266:grasses and sedges
262:
257:Trithuria submersa
207:
197:
194:Trithuria submersa
152:of small, aquatic
4481:
4480:
4391:Open Tree of Life
4152:Taxon identifiers
4143:
4142:
4121:
4120:
4117:
4116:
4113:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4105:
4104:
3932:Cardiopteridaceae
3854:
3853:
3731:Plocospermataceae
3530:
3529:
3344:
3343:
3283:Anacampserotaceae
3143:Ancistrocladaceae
3072:Berberidopsidales
3055:
3054:
3051:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3043:
3042:
2995:Biebersteiniaceae
2876:Sphaerosepalaceae
2762:Strasburgeriaceae
2679:Setchellanthaceae
2629:
2628:
2102:
2101:
2044:Cercidiphyllaceae
1999:
1998:
1828:
1827:
1797:
1796:
1250:
1249:
1219:
1218:
1053:
1052:
1035:Austrobaileyaceae
778:10.1111/boj.12385
740:978-1-139-12392-1
727:Friis, Else Marie
629:(7133): 312â315.
555:10.1002/tax.12026
496:10.1002/ajb2.1178
340:
333:
326:
218:, and are either
143:
142:
138:
120:
4511:
4474:
4473:
4461:
4460:
4451:
4450:
4438:
4437:
4425:
4424:
4412:
4411:
4399:
4398:
4386:
4385:
4376:
4375:
4363:
4362:
4350:
4349:
4337:
4336:
4324:
4323:
4311:
4310:
4298:
4297:
4285:
4284:
4272:
4271:
4259:
4258:
4246:
4245:
4233:
4232:
4220:
4219:
4207:
4206:
4194:
4193:
4192:
4179:
4178:
4177:
4147:
4146:
4133:
4132:
3867:
3866:
3816:Thomandersiaceae
3806:Lentibulariaceae
3766:Scrophulariaceae
3746:Tetrachondraceae
3543:
3542:
3532:
3531:
3522:Mitrastemonaceae
3452:Pentaphylacaceae
3427:Tetrameristaceae
3374:Hydrostachyaceae
3357:
3356:
3346:
3345:
3148:Rhabdodendraceae
3138:Dioncophyllaceae
3068:
3067:
2901:Dipterocarpaceae
2838:Dipentodontaceae
2782:Crossosomataceae
2757:Geissolomataceae
2642:
2641:
2503:Chrysobalanaceae
2408:Ctenolophonaceae
2375:Lepidobotryaceae
2165:Anisophylleaceae
2148:
2147:
2137:
2136:
2115:
2114:
2104:
2103:
2079:Tetracarpaeaceae
2074:Aphanopetalaceae
2049:Daphniphyllaceae
2012:
2011:
2001:
2000:
1950:Trochodendraceae
1912:Circaeasteraceae
1839:
1838:
1820:Ceratophyllaceae
1808:
1807:
1484:Alstroemeriaceae
1347:Potamogetonaceae
1322:Scheuchzeriaceae
1317:Hydrocharitaceae
1267:
1266:
1230:
1229:
1110:Aristolochiaceae
1075:
1074:
1066:
1065:
1027:Austrobaileyales
977:
976:
973:
971:Basalangiosperms
955:Acrogymnospermae
917:flowering plants
909:
902:
895:
886:
885:
877:Data related to
876:
831:
830:
824:
816:
806:
797:
791:
790:
780:
751:
745:
744:
723:
717:
716:
698:
681:(7): 1073â1092.
669:
663:
662:
614:
608:
607:
574:
568:
567:
557:
533:
527:
526:
508:
498:
469:
463:
462:
460:
458:
434:
428:
427:
425:
423:
414:. Archived from
403:
394:
393:
391:
381:
357:
338:
331:
324:
274:Centrolepidaceae
154:flowering plants
136:
116:
58:
57:
33:
21:
20:
4519:
4518:
4514:
4513:
4512:
4510:
4509:
4508:
4484:
4483:
4482:
4477:
4469:
4464:
4456:
4454:
4446:
4441:
4433:
4428:
4420:
4415:
4407:
4402:
4394:
4389:
4381:
4379:
4371:
4366:
4358:
4353:
4345:
4340:
4332:
4327:
4319:
4314:
4306:
4301:
4293:
4288:
4280:
4275:
4267:
4262:
4254:
4249:
4241:
4236:
4228:
4223:
4215:
4210:
4202:
4197:
4188:
4187:
4182:
4173:
4172:
4167:
4154:
4144:
4139:
4101:
4097:Paracryphiaceae
4083:
4065:
4042:
4019:
3951:
3913:
3884:Torricelliaceae
3863:
3850:
3751:Calceolariaceae
3736:Carlemanniaceae
3717:
3679:
3661:
3643:
3605:
3582:
3564:
3539:
3526:
3403:
3353:
3340:
3316:Balanophoraceae
3292:
3203:Lophiocarpaceae
3183:Achatocarpaceae
3178:Caryophyllaceae
3168:Macarthuriaceae
3133:Drosophyllaceae
3089:
3064:
3039:
2981:
2963:
2949:Crypteroniaceae
2944:Melastomataceae
2905:
2842:
2809:
2786:
2744:Crossosomatales
2738:
2714:Gyrostemonaceae
2684:Koeberliniaceae
2638:
2625:
2577:
2568:Picrodendraceae
2533:Lacistemataceae
2493:Dichapetalaceae
2468:Centroplacaceae
2458:Lophopyxidaceae
2418:Erythroxylaceae
2384:
2361:
2338:
2280:
2232:
2199:
2170:Corynocarpaceae
2144:
2131:
2111:
2098:
2059:Grossulariaceae
2008:
1995:
1972:
1954:
1942:Trochodendrales
1936:
1917:Lardizabalaceae
1888:
1855:
1824:
1812:Ceratophyllales
1803:Ceratophyllidae
1793:
1784:Ecdeiocoleaceae
1774:Flagellariaceae
1710:
1657:
1619:
1596:
1567:Tecophilaeaceae
1537:Blandfordiaceae
1513:
1479:Petermanniaceae
1464:Campynemataceae
1450:
1412:
1384:
1366:
1327:Aponogetonaceae
1283:
1258:
1246:
1215:
1167:
1153:Himantandraceae
1124:
1096:
1062:
1060:Mesangiospermae
1049:
1021:
993:
969:
964:
945:Marchantiophyta
924:
913:
840:
835:
834:
818:
817:
804:
798:
794:
752:
748:
741:
724:
720:
670:
666:
615:
611:
588:10.1071/sb18013
575:
571:
548:. Wiley: 1â19.
534:
530:
470:
466:
456:
454:
436:
435:
431:
421:
419:
418:on 14 July 2007
404:
397:
358:
351:
346:
249:
220:wind-pollinated
214:conditions) or
187:
115:
52:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4517:
4507:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4479:
4478:
4476:
4475:
4471:wfo-7000000283
4462:
4452:
4439:
4426:
4413:
4400:
4387:
4377:
4364:
4351:
4338:
4325:
4312:
4299:
4286:
4273:
4260:
4247:
4234:
4221:
4208:
4195:
4180:
4164:
4162:
4156:
4155:
4141:
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4138:
4137:
4126:
4123:
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4119:
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4115:
4114:
4111:
4110:
4107:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4100:
4099:
4093:
4091:
4089:Paracryphiales
4085:
4084:
4082:
4081:
4079:Escalloniaceae
4075:
4073:
4067:
4066:
4064:
4063:
4061:Caprifoliaceae
4058:
4052:
4050:
4044:
4043:
4041:
4040:
4035:
4033:Columelliaceae
4029:
4027:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3995:Argophyllaceae
3992:
3987:
3985:Alseuosmiaceae
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3961:
3959:
3953:
3952:
3950:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3937:Phyllonomaceae
3934:
3929:
3923:
3921:
3915:
3914:
3912:
3911:
3906:
3904:Myodocarpaceae
3901:
3896:
3894:Pittosporaceae
3891:
3889:Griseliniaceae
3886:
3881:
3875:
3873:
3864:
3859:
3856:
3855:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3811:Schlegeliaceae
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3761:Plantaginaceae
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3727:
3725:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3715:
3710:
3708:Sphenocleaceae
3705:
3700:
3695:
3693:Convolvulaceae
3689:
3687:
3681:
3680:
3678:
3677:
3671:
3669:
3663:
3662:
3660:
3659:
3653:
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3645:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3615:
3613:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3598:
3592:
3590:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3580:
3578:Metteniusaceae
3574:
3572:
3566:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3557:
3551:
3549:
3540:
3535:
3528:
3527:
3525:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3492:Sarraceniaceae
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3432:Fouquieriaceae
3429:
3424:
3422:Marcgraviaceae
3419:
3413:
3411:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3365:
3363:
3354:
3349:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3326:Misodendraceae
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3302:
3300:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3228:Phytolaccaceae
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3163:Asteropeiaceae
3160:
3155:
3153:Simmondsiaceae
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3113:Plumbaginaceae
3110:
3105:
3099:
3097:
3095:Caryophyllales
3091:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3082:
3076:
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2913:
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2903:
2898:
2896:Sarcolaenaceae
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2852:
2850:
2844:
2843:
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2830:
2825:
2823:Gerrardinaceae
2819:
2817:
2811:
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2808:
2807:
2802:
2796:
2794:
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2787:
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2784:
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2650:
2648:
2639:
2634:
2631:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2611:Elaeocarpaceae
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2587:
2585:
2579:
2578:
2576:
2575:
2573:Phyllanthaceae
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2528:Passifloraceae
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2463:Putranjivaceae
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2438:Calophyllaceae
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2413:Rhizophoraceae
2410:
2405:
2400:
2394:
2392:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2382:
2377:
2371:
2369:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2359:
2357:Zygophyllaceae
2354:
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2340:
2339:
2337:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2290:
2288:
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2281:
2279:
2278:
2273:
2271:Ticodendraceae
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2242:
2240:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2209:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2198:
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2187:
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2172:
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2156:
2154:
2145:
2140:
2133:
2132:
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2129:
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2121:
2112:
2107:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2039:Hamamelidaceae
2036:
2031:
2026:
2020:
2018:
2009:
2004:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1986:Myrothamnaceae
1982:
1980:
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1962:
1956:
1955:
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1922:Menispermaceae
1919:
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1779:Joinvilleaceae
1776:
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1712:
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1698:
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1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1671:Strelitziaceae
1667:
1665:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1655:
1650:
1648:Pontederiaceae
1645:
1640:
1635:
1629:
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1618:
1617:
1612:
1610:Dasypogonaceae
1606:
1604:
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1587:Amaryllidaceae
1584:
1579:
1577:Xeronemataceae
1574:
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1380:Petrosaviaceae
1376:
1374:
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1220:
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1181:Calycanthaceae
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1045:Schisandraceae
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881:at Wikispecies
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838:External links
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506:2027.42/146610
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310:APG IV systems
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3996:
3993:
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3970:Campanulaceae
3968:
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3947:Aquifoliaceae
3945:
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3879:Pennantiaceae
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3502:Actinidiaceae
3500:
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3480:
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3468:
3465:
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3440:
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3435:
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3406:
3400:
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3377:
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3367:
3366:
3364:
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3329:
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3319:
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3309:
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3214:
3211:
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3106:
3104:
3103:Frankeniaceae
3101:
3100:
3098:
3096:
3092:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3080:Aextoxicaceae
3078:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3062:Superasterids
3058:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3030:Simaroubaceae
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3015:Anacardiaceae
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2992:
2990:
2988:
2984:
2978:
2977:Picramniaceae
2975:
2974:
2972:
2970:
2966:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2912:
2908:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2881:Thymelaeaceae
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2861:Muntingiaceae
2859:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2851:
2849:
2845:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2816:
2812:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2793:
2789:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2777:Stachyuraceae
2775:
2773:
2772:Guamatelaceae
2770:
2768:
2767:Staphyleaceae
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2699:Emblingiaceae
2697:
2695:
2694:Salvadoraceae
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2674:Limnanthaceae
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2659:Tropaeolaceae
2657:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2647:
2643:
2640:
2637:
2632:
2622:
2621:Brunelliaceae
2619:
2617:
2616:Cephalotaceae
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2580:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2563:Ixonanthaceae
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2553:Euphorbiaceae
2551:
2549:
2548:Rafflesiaceae
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2498:Euphroniaceae
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2478:Malpighiaceae
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2453:Caryocaraceae
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2443:Podostemaceae
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2391:
2387:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2372:
2370:
2368:
2364:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2344:Zygophyllales
2341:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2266:Casuarinaceae
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2246:Nothofagaceae
2244:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2235:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2202:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2185:Tetramelaceae
2183:
2181:
2180:Cucurbitaceae
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2160:Apodanthaceae
2158:
2157:
2155:
2153:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2138:
2134:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2105:
2095:
2094:Cynomoriaceae
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2064:Saxifragaceae
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2024:Peridiscaceae
2022:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2002:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1939:
1933:
1932:Ranunculaceae
1930:
1928:
1927:Berberidaceae
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1891:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1874:Nelumbonaceae
1872:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1831:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1800:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1744:Eriocaulaceae
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1713:
1707:
1706:Zingiberaceae
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1681:Heliconiaceae
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1660:
1654:
1653:Haemodoraceae
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1638:Commelinaceae
1636:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1622:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1599:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1582:Asphodelaceae
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1562:Ixioliriaceae
1560:
1558:
1557:Doryanthaceae
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1516:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1474:Melanthiaceae
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1441:Cyclanthaceae
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1409:
1408:Dioscoreaceae
1406:
1404:
1403:Burmanniaceae
1401:
1399:
1398:Nartheciaceae
1396:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1372:Petrosaviales
1369:
1363:
1362:Cymodoceaceae
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1352:Posidoniaceae
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1332:Juncaginaceae
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1302:Tofieldiaceae
1300:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1234:Chloranthales
1231:
1228:
1226:
1225:Chloranthidae
1222:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1201:Hernandiaceae
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1191:Gomortegaceae
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1158:Eupomatiaceae
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1148:Degeneriaceae
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1138:Myristicaceae
1136:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1099:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1056:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1007:Hydatellaceae
1005:
1004:
1002:
1000:
996:
990:
989:Amborellaceae
987:
986:
984:
982:
978:
975:
972:
967:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
935:
931:
930:
927:
922:
918:
910:
905:
903:
898:
896:
891:
890:
887:
880:
879:Hydatellaceae
875:
871:
870:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
851:
849:
844:
843:
842:
841:
828:
822:
814:
810:
803:
796:
788:
784:
779:
774:
770:
766:
765:
760:
756:
750:
742:
736:
732:
728:
722:
714:
710:
706:
702:
697:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
668:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
613:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
573:
565:
561:
556:
551:
547:
543:
539:
532:
524:
520:
516:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
468:
453:
449:
448:
443:
441:
440:Hydatellaceae
433:
417:
413:
409:
402:
400:
390:
385:
380:
375:
371:
367:
363:
356:
354:
349:
341:
337:
330:
323:
322:
318:
313:
311:
307:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
283:
279:
278:APG II system
275:
271:
267:
259:
258:
253:
244:
242:
238:
234:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
205:
201:
195:
191:
182:
180:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
146:Hydatellaceae
139:
135:
134:
128:
123:
119:
114:
113:Hydatellaceae
111:
108:
107:
104:
101:
98:
97:
94:
91:
88:
85:
84:
81:
80:Tracheophytes
78:
75:
72:
71:
68:
65:
62:
61:
56:
51:
47:
43:
42:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
4159:
4010:Calyceraceae
4005:Goodeniaceae
3990:Phellinaceae
3980:Stylidiaceae
3919:Aquifoliales
3801:Bignoniaceae
3786:Martyniaceae
3756:Gesneriaceae
3713:Hydroleaceae
3703:Montiniaceae
3657:Boraginaceae
3634:Gelsemiaceae
3624:Gentianaceae
3596:Eucommiaceae
3497:Roridulaceae
3477:Symplocaceae
3447:Sladeniaceae
3389:Curtisiaceae
3336:Loranthaceae
3258:Didiereaceae
3213:Barbeuiaceae
3173:Microteaceae
3128:Nepenthaceae
3118:Polygonaceae
3108:Tamaricaceae
3000:Nitrariaceae
2969:Picramniales
2934:Vochysiaceae
2919:Combretaceae
2833:Tapisciaceae
2828:Petenaeaceae
2734:Brassicaceae
2488:Trigoniaceae
2483:Balanopaceae
2448:Hypericaceae
2428:Bonnetiaceae
2403:Irvingiaceae
2390:Malpighiales
2380:Celastraceae
2352:Krameriaceae
2309:Elaeagnaceae
2304:Dirachmaceae
2261:Juglandaceae
2228:Polygalaceae
2213:Quillajaceae
2175:Coriariaceae
2152:Cucurbitales
2089:Haloragaceae
2084:Penthoraceae
2069:Crassulaceae
2034:Altingiaceae
2016:Saxifragales
1968:Dilleniaceae
1907:Papaveraceae
1902:Eupteleaceae
1894:Ranunculales
1802:
1769:Restionaceae
1729:Bromeliaceae
1663:Zingiberales
1643:Philydraceae
1633:Hanguanaceae
1625:Commelinales
1592:Asparagaceae
1552:Hypoxidaceae
1499:Ripogonaceae
1494:Philesiaceae
1489:Colchicaceae
1431:Velloziaceae
1426:Triuridaceae
1390:Dioscoreales
1307:Alismataceae
1255:
1224:
1186:Siparunaceae
1143:Magnoliaceae
1040:Trimeniaceae
1017:Nymphaeaceae
1006:
981:Amborellales
960:Angiospermae
915:Families of
846:
821:cite journal
812:
808:
795:
768:
762:
749:
730:
721:
678:
674:
667:
626:
622:
612:
579:
572:
545:
541:
531:
486:
482:
467:
455:. Retrieved
445:
439:
432:
420:. Retrieved
416:the original
411:
369:
365:
335:
328:
319:
314:
293:Nymphaeaceae
288:
263:
255:
208:
203:
193:
176:
145:
144:
131:
130:
112:
86:
73:
39:
18:
4499:Nymphaeales
4316:iNaturalist
4184:Wikispecies
3965:Rousseaceae
3861:Campanulids
3821:Verbenaceae
3796:Acanthaceae
3791:Pedaliaceae
3781:Byblidaceae
3649:Boraginales
3639:Apocynaceae
3629:Loganiaceae
3611:Gentianales
3560:Icacinaceae
3512:Cyrillaceae
3507:Clethraceae
3487:Styracaceae
3467:Primulaceae
3394:Grubbiaceae
3321:Santalaceae
3263:Basellaceae
3218:Gisekiaceae
3158:Physenaceae
3123:Droseraceae
3020:Sapindaceae
3010:Burseraceae
2954:Alzateaceae
2866:Neuradaceae
2805:Francoaceae
2800:Geraniaceae
2752:Aphloiaceae
2724:Capparaceae
2704:Tovariaceae
2664:Moringaceae
2646:Brassicales
2606:Cunoniaceae
2601:Oxalidaceae
2596:Connaraceae
2513:Achariaceae
2508:Humiriaceae
2473:Elatinaceae
2367:Celastrales
2324:Cannabaceae
2299:Barbeyaceae
2223:Surianaceae
2195:Begoniaceae
2190:Datiscaceae
2029:Paeoniaceae
2006:Superrosids
1991:Gunneraceae
1960:Dilleniales
1879:Platanaceae
1754:Thurniaceae
1734:Rapateaceae
1696:Marantaceae
1547:Lanariaceae
1542:Asteliaceae
1527:Orchidaceae
1519:Asparagales
1504:Smilacaceae
1446:Pandanaceae
1436:Stemonaceae
1342:Zosteraceae
1337:Maundiaceae
1289:Alismatales
1206:Monimiaceae
1130:Magnoliales
1115:Saururaceae
1092:Winteraceae
1087:Canellaceae
1070:Magnoliidae
1012:Cabombaceae
999:Nymphaeales
932:Supergroup
771:(1): 1â20.
475:Ané, Cécile
422:15 November
389:10654/18083
297:Cabombaceae
233:pseudanthia
185:Description
162:Nymphaeales
103:Nymphaeales
93:Angiosperms
4488:Categories
4048:Dipsacales
4038:Bruniaceae
4015:Asteraceae
3899:Araliaceae
3836:Phrymaceae
3771:Stilbaceae
3698:Solanaceae
3675:Vahliaceae
3601:Garryaceae
3547:Icacinales
3457:Sapotaceae
3311:Opiliaceae
3298:Santalales
3273:Talinaceae
3253:Montiaceae
3005:Kirkiaceae
2987:Sapindales
2959:Penaeaceae
2929:Onagraceae
2924:Lythraceae
2856:Cytinaceae
2815:Huerteales
2792:Geraniales
2729:Cleomaceae
2719:Resedaceae
2669:Caricaceae
2654:Akaniaceae
2583:Oxalidales
2538:Salicaceae
2523:Goupiaceae
2433:Clusiaceae
2334:Urticaceae
2314:Rhamnaceae
2276:Betulaceae
2256:Myricaceae
1978:Gunnerales
1884:Proteaceae
1764:Cyperaceae
1749:Mayacaceae
1739:Xyridaceae
1469:Corsiaceae
1418:Pandanales
1357:Ruppiaceae
1312:Butomaceae
1163:Annonaceae
1120:Piperaceae
1079:Canellales
815:: 179â200.
696:2440/44423
344:References
282:commelinid
260:, fruiting
224:autogamous
44:from 1904
4264:FloraBase
4056:Adoxaceae
4025:Bruniales
3957:Asterales
3826:Lamiaceae
3685:Solanales
3667:Vahliales
3619:Rubiaceae
3588:Garryales
3517:Ericaceae
3462:Ebenaceae
3399:Cornaceae
3384:Loasaceae
3369:Nyssaceae
3306:Olacaceae
3288:Cactaceae
3223:Aizoaceae
3198:Limeaceae
3035:Meliaceae
2939:Myrtaceae
2891:Cistaceae
2871:Malvaceae
2518:Violaceae
2423:Ochnaceae
2398:Pandaceae
1869:Sabiaceae
1861:Proteales
1759:Juncaceae
1724:Typhaceae
1701:Costaceae
1691:Cannaceae
1676:Lowiaceae
1615:Arecaceae
1572:Iridaceae
1532:Boryaceae
1509:Liliaceae
1279:Acoraceae
1211:Lauraceae
1102:Piperales
940:Bryophyta
787:0024-4074
596:1030-1887
564:0040-0262
515:0002-9122
442:U.Hamann"
329:Hydatella
321:Trithuria
237:follicles
228:apomictic
216:dioecious
178:Trithuria
133:Trithuria
63:Kingdom:
4458:hydatell
4443:VicFlora
4435:42000358
4430:Tropicos
4169:Wikidata
4135:Category
3909:Apiaceae
3831:Mazaceae
3741:Oleaceae
3723:Lamiales
3472:Theaceae
3409:Ericales
3361:Cornales
3351:Asterids
3208:Kewaceae
3025:Rutaceae
2911:Myrtales
2886:Bixaceae
2848:Malvales
2689:Bataceae
2558:Linaceae
2543:Peraceae
2329:Moraceae
2319:Ulmaceae
2294:Rosaceae
2251:Fagaceae
2218:Fabaceae
2127:Vitaceae
2054:Iteaceae
1851:Buxaceae
1834:Eudicots
1686:Musaceae
1602:Arecales
1456:Liliales
1271:Acorales
1261:Monocots
1173:Laurales
757:(2016).
713:10405562
705:21636477
651:17361182
604:91261563
523:30368769
285:monocots
247:Taxonomy
166:monocots
118:U.Hamann
109:Family:
4175:Q131515
3871:Apiales
3537:Lamiids
2636:Malvids
2591:Huaceae
2286:Rosales
2238:Fagales
2205:Fabales
2119:Vitales
1843:Buxales
1789:Poaceae
1297:Araceae
1256:Lilidae
659:4415881
631:Bibcode
457:26 July
339:Hook.f.
325:Hook.f.
306:APG III
272:family
270:poalean
241:achenes
137:Hook.f.
125:Genera
99:Order:
67:Plantae
4396:334530
4380:NZOR:
4373:178426
4360:896685
4347:119099
4217:414122
2142:Fabids
2109:Rosids
1716:Poales
921:APG IV
785:
737:
711:
703:
657:
649:
623:Nature
602:
594:
562:
521:
513:
289:et al.
158:Poales
150:family
148:are a
4409:55816
4342:IRMNG
4321:71538
4277:FoAO2
4269:22759
4256:1HYAF
4204:54679
934:Plant
809:Taxon
805:(PDF)
709:S2CID
655:S2CID
600:S2CID
542:Taxon
332:Diels
317:genus
174:genus
87:Clade
74:Clade
4417:POWO
4368:NCBI
4355:ITIS
4329:IPNI
4303:GRIN
4295:8827
4290:GBIF
4251:EPPO
4243:8222
4212:BOLD
4199:APNI
827:link
783:ISSN
735:ISBN
701:PMID
647:PMID
592:ISSN
560:ISSN
519:PMID
511:ISSN
459:2023
424:2013
308:and
295:and
4466:WFO
4334:8-1
4308:556
4238:EoL
4230:B7T
4225:CoL
773:doi
769:181
691:hdl
683:doi
639:doi
627:446
584:doi
550:doi
501:hdl
491:doi
487:105
384:hdl
374:doi
370:161
239:or
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