507:
313:
67:
944:
243:
1033:
958:
822:
1000:
911:
1061:
1047:
1019:
986:
897:
864:
218:
925:
83:
850:
742:
972:
883:
633:
271:
836:
257:
578:
1948:
486:
invaded the state by 13 September 1948, following a crippling economic blockade, and multiple attempts at destabilizing the state through railway disruptions, the bombing of government buildings, and raids on border villages. After the defeat of
Razakars, the Nizam signed an instrument of accession,
1308:
See
Section 7 (1) (b): "the suzerainty of His Majesty over the Indian States lapses, and with it, all treaties and agreements in force at the date of the passing of this Act between His Majesty and the rulers of Indian States, all functions exercisable by His Majesty at that date with respect to
1309:
Indian States, all obligations of His
Majesty existing at that date towards Indian States or the rulers thereof, and all powers, rights, authority or jurisdiction exercisable by His Majesty at that date in or in relation to Indian States by treaty, grant, usage, sufferance or otherwise."
688:
466:, continuing all previous arrangements except for the stationing of Indian troops in the state. India felt that the establishment of a Communist state in Hyderabad would be a threat to the country. Nizam's power had weakened because of the
1121:
One of the principal causes of opposition of
Vishalandhra also seems to be the apprehension felt by the educationally backward people of Telangana that they may be swamped and exploited by the more advanced people of the coastal
498:, concluded that between 30,000–40,000 people had died in total in the state, in a report which was not released until 2013. Other responsible observers estimated the number of deaths to be 200,000 or higher.
1108:
522:
who led
Operation Polo was established. He stayed on as Military Governor till December 1949. In 1950 the military government was dissolved and a civilian government headed by
1873:
1712:
1232:
785:
to send back bureaucrats from Madras state, and to strictly implement 'Mulki-rules'(Local jobs for locals only), which was part of
Hyderabad state law since 1919.
2101:
1214:
1169:
2096:
2116:
1349:
1134:
1866:
2126:
1064:
1956 map showing
Hyderabad state in yellowish green. After the state reorganisation in 1956, regions west of the red and blue lines merged with
430:, the British abandoned all such alliances, leaving the states with the option of opting for full independence. However, by 1948 almost all had
1675:
774:
1517:
1859:
434:
to either India or
Pakistan. One major exception was that of the wealthiest and most powerful principality, Hyderabad, where the Nizam,
66:
106:
361:, which implemented a linguistic reorganisation of states, the Hyderabad state was dissolved. Its different regions were merged with
17:
1597:
2121:
1188:
506:
1882:
1774:
1751:
1430:
1386:
1265:
324:
51:
652:
2106:
1983:
530:
became the second Chief
Minister of Hyderabad State and the first democratically elected Chief Minister. The last Nizam
1333:
418:
in 1947, the princely states of India, who in principle had self-government within their territories, were subject to
544:
1376:
810:
1815:"The integration of the princely state of Hyderabad and the making of the postcolonial state in India, 1948 – 56"
1544:"The integration of the princely state of Hyderabad and the making of the postcolonial state in India, 1948 – 56"
515:
72:
2024:
1814:
1543:
1130:
1081:
236:
173:
2111:
1697:
479:
312:
2019:
459:
440:
427:
2075:
1092:
based along linguistic lines, the Telugu-speaking region of the state of
Hyderabad State was merged with
494:, at times perpetrated by the Indian Army. The Sunderlal Committee, appointed by Indian prime minister
781:
was elected Chief Minister of Hyderabad State. During this time there were violent agitations by some
1968:
1089:
358:
1141:
remained as the joint capital of both Andhra Pradesh and Telangana for 10 years till 1st June 2024.
793:
Administratively, Hyderabad State was made up of sixteen districts, grouped into four divisions:.
1288:
778:
748:
527:
431:
382:
540:
till 1956 when Hyderabad State was split on linguistic basis and reorganised into three states.
30:
This article is about a State of India from 1948–1956. For the princely state of Hyderabad, see
1783:
638:
519:
1640:, Appendix 15: Confidential notes attached to the Sunderlal Committee Report, pp. 372–373
1420:
1998:
951:
937:
471:
343:
on 17 September 1948. It existed from 1948 to 1956. Hyderabad State comprised present day
943:
8:
1026:
815:
491:
467:
452:
419:
352:
1192:
1137:. In June 2014, Andhra Pradesh was split and Telangana was created as a separate state.
514:
After completion of military operations, Hyderabad decided to withdraw the dispute from
1993:
1837:
1795:
1566:
1492:
1484:
1282:
993:
904:
583:
531:
415:
400:
336:
1060:
1032:
957:
821:
478:
gave ultimatum to Nizam, demanding ban on the Razakars and return of Indian troops to
1851:
1841:
1770:
1747:
1691:
1570:
1496:
1426:
1382:
1329:
1261:
1040:
1012:
1007:
999:
979:
910:
890:
876:
857:
483:
463:
396:
340:
328:
1046:
1018:
985:
896:
863:
2039:
1829:
1558:
1476:
1422:
From Autocracy to Integration: Political Developments in Hyderabad State, 1938-1948
924:
918:
547:
by the locals after government jobs meant for the locals were given to non-locals.
495:
475:
849:
304:
2059:
1764:
1741:
1447:
1403:
1323:
1255:
971:
882:
843:
632:
392:
223:
160:
31:
835:
741:
1833:
1616:
1562:
1138:
965:
932:
871:
448:
423:
388:
1480:
2090:
1973:
1931:
1760:
1737:
829:
694:
523:
408:
121:
108:
577:
82:
1978:
1921:
1911:
1133:
on 1 November 1956, after providing safeguards to Telangana in the form of
1126:
1116:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1077:
1069:
1065:
444:
370:
366:
362:
2044:
2029:
2014:
1936:
1916:
436:
293:
264:
1488:
1464:
1799:
1577:
597:
536:
348:
1988:
1129:
and the Telugu speaking parts of Hyderabad State were merged to form
1112:
1073:
782:
443:, a Muslim ruler who presided over a largely Hindu population, chose
344:
297:
289:
250:
35:
1449:
Vande Mataram to Jana Gana Mana: Saga of Hyderabad Freedom Struggle
1321:
1111:(SRC) was not in favour of an immediate merger of Telugu-speaking
2054:
2049:
1119:, despite their common language. Para 378 of the SRC report said
1926:
1678:. Hinduonnet.com. Archived from the original on 26 August 2010
687:
2034:
1947:
1906:
1901:
1886:
332:
426:, giving them control of their external relations. With the
1191:. Commonwealth Legal Information Institute. Archived from
1736:
1583:
501:
1713:"Hyderabad no more capital of Andhra Pradesh from today"
1663:
The Princes of India in the Endgame of Empire, 1917-1947
1518:"New book on Hyderabad's Invasion, 1948's Police Action"
1378:
India's Princely States: People, Princes and Colonialism
788:
1881:
1522:
The Milli Gazette – Indian Muslims Leading News Source
1465:"Internal Violence: The "Police Action" in Hyderabad"
1257:
Kingship and Colonialism in India's Deccan: 1850–1948
1317:
1315:
1215:"Hyderabad had tried 'NRC' 71 years ago, and failed"
1170:"Hyderabad had tried 'NRC' 71 years ago, and failed"
1643:
1350:"Delhi felt Razakars, communists a threat to India"
1608:
1740:; Mukherjee, Aditya; Mukherjee, Mridula (2008) ,
1462:
1312:
2088:
1408:. Longmans, Green, Pakistan Branch. p. 21.
1395:
470:and the rise of a radical militia known as the
1322:Barbara D. Metcalf; Thomas R. Metcalf (2006).
1096:. The Marathi speaking region was merged with
2102:States and territories disestablished in 1956
1867:
1786:(January 1950), "Hyderabad: Muslim Tragedy",
1614:
1596:Apparasu, Srinivasa Rao (16 September 2022).
1439:
1412:
1328:(2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
1055:
474:whom he could not put down. On 7 September,
1822:Indian Economic & Social History Review
1551:Indian Economic & Social History Review
2097:States and territories established in 1948
1874:
1860:
1535:
1469:Comparative Studies in Society and History
1287:. Delhi: Vikash Publishing House. p.
81:
1631:
1617:"Hyderabad 1948: India's hidden massacre"
1374:
518:in 1948. A military government headed by
1665:(Cambridge University Press, 2002), p. x
1595:
1418:
1375:Ernst, Waltraud; Pati, Biswamoy (2007).
1280:
1253:
1059:
526:was formed in its place. Later in 1952,
505:
311:
1812:
1759:
1637:
1584:Chandra, Mukherjee & Mukherjee 2008
1541:
1401:
1180:
14:
2127:Former states and territories of India
2089:
1710:
1668:
1475:(2). Cambridge University Press: 439.
1452:. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. p. 142.
1274:
775:State Assembly election in India, 1952
502:Government formation after Integration
2117:History of Andhra Pradesh (1947–2014)
1855:
1782:
1649:
1445:
1072:respectively and the remaining part (
458:In November 1947, Hyderabad signed a
1984:Patiala and East Punjab States Union
1676:"Mulki agitation in Hyderabad state"
1598:"How Hyd merger with Union unfolded"
1284:Towards Indias Freedom And Partition
789:List of districts of Hyderabad State
510:First cabinet of the Hyderabad State
335:, formed after the accession of the
1615:Thomson, Mike (24 September 2013).
1463:Sunil Purushotham (20 March 2015).
1090:reorganisation of the Indian states
447:and hoped to maintain this with an
159:• Hyderabad State formed from
24:
1806:
1456:
534:continued as the head of state as
492:massive violence on communal lines
451:. The Nizam was also beset by the
172:• Reorganised and renamed as
25:
2138:
1100:and Kannada speaking region with
27:Former state of India (1948-1956)
1946:
1189:"States Reorganization Act 1956"
1109:States Reorganisation Commission
1045:
1031:
1017:
998:
984:
970:
956:
942:
923:
909:
895:
881:
862:
848:
834:
820:
740:
686:
631:
576:
455:, which he was unable to crush.
269:
255:
241:
216:
65:
2122:1956 disestablishments in India
1704:
1655:
1589:
1510:
1425:. Orient Longman. p. 231.
1368:
1115:region of Hyderabad State with
516:United Nations Security Council
1711:Koride, Mahesh (2 June 2024).
1342:
1302:
1260:. Springer. pp. 159–161.
1247:
1225:
1207:
1162:
653:Military Governor of Hyderabad
13:
1:
1155:
520:Major General J. N. Chaudhuri
1766:The Destruction of Hyderabad
938:Gulshanabad (Medak) Division
768:
762:Chief Minister of Hyderabad
759:4 years, 239 days
735:
708:Chief Minister of Hyderabad
681:
626:
594:6 years, 279 days
571:
441:Osman Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VII
428:Indian Independence Act 1947
399:in September 1948 through a
34:. For the modern state, see
7:
2107:History of Hyderabad, India
2076:Andaman and Nicobar Islands
1813:Sherman, Taylor C. (2007).
1542:Sherman, Taylor C. (2007).
705:2 years, 40 days
161:Princely State of Hyderabad
10:
2143:
1834:10.1177/001946460704400404
1730:
1563:10.1177/001946460704400404
1325:A Concise History of India
380:
376:
316:Hyderabad state until 1956
305:States of India since 1947
237:Andhra Pradesh (1956–2014)
29:
2068:
2007:
1956:
1943:
1894:
1696:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1481:10.1017/S0010417515000092
1233:"Hyderabad Police Action"
1056:Linguistic reorganisation
1011:
936:
875:
814:
804:
801:
798:
728:
725:
674:
671:
619:
616:
564:
561:
359:States Reorganisation Act
303:
285:
195:
191:
187:
183:
170:
157:
153:
145:
141:
137:
98:
91:
87:Hyderabad in India (1951)
80:
62:
57:
50:
45:
18:Hyderabad State (1948-56)
1743:India Since Independence
1150:
545:Mulkhi agitation in 1952
100: • Coordinates
1784:Smith, Wilfred Cantwell
1746:, Penguin Books India,
1419:Benichou, L.D. (2000).
1405:Pakistan Seeks Security
1281:Mehrotra, S.R. (1979).
779:Burgula Ramakrishna Rao
749:Burgula Ramakrishna Rao
528:Burgula Ramakrishna Rao
383:Annexation of Hyderabad
1085:
639:Jayanto Nath Chaudhuri
511:
407:, which was dubbed a "
317:
1135:Gentlemen's agreement
1063:
509:
490:The operation led to
315:
2112:History of Telangana
1446:Desai, V.H. (1990).
1402:Siddiqi, A. (1960).
1221:. 15 September 2019.
1176:. 15 September 2019.
543:The state witnessed
460:standstill agreement
420:subsidiary alliances
1788:Middle East Journal
1356:. 15 September 2018
1088:In 1956 during the
816:Aurangabad Division
468:Telangana Rebellion
453:Telangana rebellion
353:Hyderabad-Karnataka
118: /
1889:on 26 January 1950
1769:, Hurst & Co,
1219:The Times of India
1174:The Times of India
1086:
1076:) was merged with
643:17 September 1948
584:Mir Osman Ali Khan
532:Mir Osman Ali Khan
512:
416:partition of India
401:military operation
337:State of Hyderabad
318:
2084:
2083:
1999:Travancore–Cochin
1969:Jammu and Kashmir
1776:978-1-84904-439-4
1753:978-0-14-310409-4
1432:978-81-250-1847-6
1388:978-1-134-11988-2
1267:978-0-230-60344-8
1254:B. Cohen (2007).
1053:
1052:
1013:Warangal Division
877:Gulbarga Division
766:
765:
712:
711:
658:
657:
603:
602:
464:Dominion of India
333:Republic of India
310:
309:
281:
280:
277:
276:
229:
228:
122:17.000°N 78.833°E
16:(Redirected from
2134:
2040:Himachal Pradesh
1951:
1950:
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1361:
1354:Deccan Chronicle
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988:
974:
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885:
866:
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838:
824:
796:
795:
756:31 October 1956
744:
714:
713:
699:26 January 1950
690:
660:
659:
646:25 January 1949
635:
605:
604:
591:31 October 1956
588:26 January 1950
580:
550:
549:
496:Jawaharlal Nehru
476:Jawaharlal Nehru
273:
272:
259:
258:
245:
244:
233:
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220:
219:
213:
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197:
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133:
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21:
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2131:
2087:
2086:
2085:
2080:
2064:
2060:Vindhya Pradesh
2003:
1952:
1945:
1941:
1890:
1880:
1849:
1817:
1809:
1807:Further reading
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1754:
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1602:Hindustan Times
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1168:
1167:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1147:
1144:
1058:
791:
771:
732:Office(s) held
726:Term of office
678:Office(s) held
672:Term of office
623:Office(s) held
617:Term of office
568:Office(s) held
562:Term of office
504:
487:joining India.
414:At the time of
395:was annexed by
385:
379:
321:Hyderabad State
296:
292:
270:
256:
242:
224:Hyderabad State
217:
176:
163:
126:
124:
120:
117:
112:
109:
107:
105:
104:
99:
86:
76:
75:
70:
46:Hyderabad State
39:
32:Hyderabad State
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2140:
2130:
2129:
2124:
2119:
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2078:
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2065:
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2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2011:
2009:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1953:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1898:
1896:
1892:
1891:
1879:
1878:
1871:
1864:
1856:
1847:
1846:
1828:(4): 489–516.
1808:
1805:
1804:
1803:
1780:
1775:
1761:Noorani, A. G.
1757:
1752:
1738:Chandra, Bipan
1732:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1703:
1667:
1654:
1642:
1630:
1607:
1588:
1576:
1557:(4): 489–516.
1534:
1509:
1455:
1438:
1431:
1411:
1394:
1387:
1367:
1341:
1335:978-0521682251
1334:
1311:
1301:
1273:
1266:
1246:
1224:
1206:
1195:on 16 May 2008
1179:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1139:Hyderabad city
1131:Andhra Pradesh
1082:Andhra Pradesh
1057:
1054:
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1050:
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1037:
1036:
1029:
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989:
982:
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954:
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933:Atraf-i-Baldah
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832:
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803:
800:
799:Official name
790:
787:
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763:
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751:
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649:130 days
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563:
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557:
554:
503:
500:
449:irregular army
405:Operation Polo
389:princely state
381:Main article:
378:
375:
373:respectively.
357:Following the
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307:
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287:
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282:
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188:
185:
184:
181:
180:
177:
174:Andhra Pradesh
171:
168:
167:
164:
158:
155:
154:
151:
150:
147:
143:
142:
139:
138:
135:
134:
127:17.000; 78.833
102:
96:
95:
93:
89:
88:
78:
77:
71:
64:
63:
60:
59:
55:
54:
52:State of India
48:
47:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2139:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2077:
2074:
2073:
2071:
2069:Part D States
2067:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2008:Part C States
2006:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1974:Madhya Bharat
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1957:Part B States
1955:
1949:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1932:Uttar Pradesh
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1895:Part A States
1893:
1888:
1884:
1877:
1872:
1870:
1865:
1863:
1858:
1857:
1854:
1850:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1816:
1811:
1810:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1772:
1768:
1767:
1762:
1758:
1755:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1739:
1735:
1734:
1714:
1707:
1699:
1693:
1677:
1671:
1664:
1661:Ian Copland,
1658:
1652:, p. 46.
1651:
1646:
1639:
1634:
1618:
1611:
1603:
1599:
1592:
1586:, p. 96.
1585:
1580:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1545:
1538:
1523:
1519:
1513:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1459:
1451:
1450:
1442:
1434:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1415:
1407:
1406:
1398:
1390:
1384:
1381:. Routledge.
1380:
1379:
1371:
1355:
1351:
1345:
1337:
1331:
1327:
1326:
1318:
1316:
1305:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1277:
1269:
1263:
1259:
1258:
1250:
1235:. Indian Army
1234:
1228:
1220:
1216:
1210:
1194:
1190:
1183:
1175:
1171:
1165:
1161:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1123:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1105:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1048:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1014:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1001:
997:
995:
992:
991:
987:
983:
981:
978:
977:
973:
969:
967:
964:
963:
959:
955:
953:
950:
949:
945:
941:
939:
934:
931:
930:
926:
922:
920:
917:
916:
912:
908:
906:
903:
902:
898:
894:
892:
889:
888:
884:
880:
878:
873:
870:
869:
865:
861:
859:
856:
855:
851:
847:
845:
842:
841:
837:
833:
831:
828:
827:
823:
819:
817:
812:
809:
808:
797:
794:
786:
784:
780:
776:
773:In the first
761:
758:
755:
753:6 March 1952
752:
750:
747:
743:
739:
736:
731:
722:
719:
716:
715:
707:
704:
702:6 March 1952
701:
698:
696:
695:M. K. Vellodi
693:
689:
685:
682:
677:
668:
665:
662:
661:
654:
651:
648:
645:
642:
640:
637:
634:
630:
627:
622:
613:
610:
607:
606:
599:
596:
593:
590:
587:
585:
582:
579:
575:
572:
567:
558:
555:
552:
551:
548:
546:
541:
539:
538:
533:
529:
525:
524:M. K. Vellodi
521:
517:
508:
499:
497:
493:
488:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
456:
454:
450:
446:
442:
439:
438:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
412:
410:
409:police action
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
384:
374:
372:
368:
364:
360:
355:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
314:
306:
302:
299:
295:
291:
288:
286:Today part of
284:
268:
266:
263:
262:
254:
252:
249:
248:
240:
238:
235:
234:
231:
225:
222:
215:
214:
211:
210:
207:
204:
202:
199:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
175:
169:
165:
162:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
131:
103:
97:
94:
90:
84:
79:
74:
68:
61:
56:
53:
49:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
1963:
1848:
1825:
1821:
1794:(1): 27–51,
1791:
1787:
1765:
1742:
1716:. Retrieved
1706:
1680:. Retrieved
1670:
1662:
1657:
1645:
1638:Noorani 2014
1633:
1623:24 September
1621:. Retrieved
1610:
1601:
1591:
1579:
1554:
1550:
1537:
1525:. Retrieved
1521:
1512:
1500:. Retrieved
1472:
1468:
1458:
1448:
1441:
1421:
1414:
1404:
1397:
1377:
1370:
1358:. Retrieved
1353:
1344:
1324:
1304:
1292:. Retrieved
1283:
1276:
1256:
1249:
1239:13 September
1237:. Retrieved
1227:
1218:
1209:
1197:. Retrieved
1193:the original
1182:
1173:
1164:
1146:
1143:
1125:
1120:
1117:Andhra State
1106:
1102:Mysore State
1098:Bombay State
1094:Andhra State
1087:
1078:Andhra State
1070:Mysore State
792:
783:Telanganites
772:
542:
535:
513:
489:
480:Secunderabad
457:
445:independence
435:
413:
404:
386:
371:Bombay State
367:Mysore State
363:Andhra State
356:
320:
319:
206:Succeeded by
205:
200:
73:Coat of arms
40:
1937:West Bengal
1917:East Punjab
952:Mahbubnagar
403:code-named
294:Maharashtra
265:Maharashtra
201:Preceded by
125: /
2091:Categories
1994:Saurashtra
1650:Smith 1950
1527:4 February
1360:4 February
1156:References
1027:Karimnagar
811:Aurangabad
598:Rajpramukh
537:Rajpramukh
349:Marathwada
331:and later
1989:Rajasthan
1964:Hyderabad
1842:145000228
1682:9 October
1571:145000228
1497:145147551
1294:17 August
1113:Telangana
1074:Telangana
994:Nizamabad
905:Osmanabad
802:Division
769:Elections
729:Duration
720:Portrait
675:Duration
666:Portrait
620:Duration
611:Portrait
565:Duration
556:Portrait
462:with the
422:with the
393:Hyderabad
345:Telangana
339:into the
298:Karnataka
290:Telangana
251:Karnataka
58:1948–1956
36:Telangana
2025:Bilaspur
1763:(2014),
1692:cite web
1489:43908352
1080:to form
1041:Warangal
1008:Adilabad
980:Nalgonda
891:Gulbarga
858:Parbhani
472:Razakars
329:Dominion
2055:Tripura
2050:Manipur
1800:4322137
1731:Sources
1718:19 July
1502:13 July
919:Raichur
432:acceded
424:British
377:History
146:History
113:78°50′E
110:17°00′N
2020:Bhopal
1979:Mysore
1927:Orissa
1922:Madras
1912:Bombay
1883:States
1840:
1798:
1773:
1750:
1569:
1495:
1487:
1429:
1385:
1332:
1264:
1199:1 July
1127:Andhra
1122:areas.
1066:Bombay
844:Nander
777:, Dr.
323:was a
149:
2045:Kutch
2035:Delhi
2030:Coorg
2015:Ajmer
1907:Bihar
1902:Assam
1887:India
1838:S2CID
1818:(PDF)
1796:JSTOR
1619:. BBC
1567:S2CID
1547:(PDF)
1493:S2CID
1485:JSTOR
1151:Notes
966:Medak
872:Bidar
723:Name
669:Name
614:Name
559:Name
484:India
397:India
341:Union
325:state
1771:ISBN
1748:ISBN
1720:2024
1698:link
1684:2011
1625:2013
1529:2021
1504:2022
1427:ISBN
1383:ISBN
1362:2021
1330:ISBN
1296:2019
1262:ISBN
1241:2014
1201:2008
1107:The
1068:and
830:Bhir
805:Map
387:The
369:and
351:and
179:1956
166:1948
92:Area
1885:of
1830:doi
1559:doi
1477:doi
1289:247
1186:.
717:No
663:No
608:No
553:No
437:Mir
411:".
391:of
327:in
2093::
1836:.
1826:44
1824:.
1820:.
1790:,
1694:}}
1690:{{
1600:.
1565:.
1555:44
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1549:.
1520:.
1491:.
1483:.
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1471:.
1467:.
1352:.
1314:^
1217:.
1172:.
1104:.
745:]
737:1
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347:,
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1364:.
1338:.
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1243:.
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38:.
20:)
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