130:. It is smooth, and is mainly in front of the testis. Hydrocele testes vary greatly in size and are typically painless and harmless. However, as the fluid continues to accumulate and the scrotum further enlarges, more discomfort can be expected. Large hydroceles will cause discomfort because of their size. Sometimes pain can be in both testicles as pressure from the enlarged area puts pressure against the unaffected area which can cause discomfort to the normal testicle. It has also been found to decrease a man's sex drive and makes him less active for fear of enlarging the mass. As the fluid of a hydrocele testis is transparent, light shone through the hydrocelic region will be visible from the other side. This phenomenon is called transillumination.
209:
194:
119:
29:
254:
The hydrocele is opened with a small skin incision without further preparation. The hydrocele sac is reduced (plicated) by suture
Hydrocele surgery: Lord's technique. The plication technique is suitable for medium-sized and thin-walled hydroceles. The advantage of the plication technique is the
243:
Incision of the hydrocele sac after complete mobilization of the hydrocele. Partial resection of the hydrocele sac, leaving a margin of 1–2 cm. Care is taken not to injure testicular vessels, epididymis or ductus deferens. The edge of the hydrocele sac is oversewn for hemostasis
248:'s technique) or the edges are sewn together behind the spermatic cord (Winkelmann's or Jaboulay's technique). Hydrocele surgery with excision of the hydrocele sac is useful for large or thick-walled hydroceles and multilocular hydroceles.
236:, but this may be only temporary. A more permanent alternative is a surgical procedure, generally, an outpatient ambulatory (same-day) procedure, called a hydrocelectomy. There are two surgical techniques available for hydrocelectomy.
263:'s office or clinic and is less invasive, but recurrence rates are high. Sclerotherapy, the injection of a solution following aspiration of the hydrocele fluid may increase success rates. In many patients, the procedure of
82:
on the affected side and is thought to be due to the defective absorption of fluid secreted between the two layers of the tunica vaginalis (investing membrane). A secondary hydrocele is secondary to either inflammation or a
476:
457:
322:
Ku u.a. 2001 KU, J. H.; KIM, M. E.; LEE, N. K.; PARK, Y. H.:The excisional, plication and internal drainage techniques: a comparison of the results for idiopathic hydrocele.In: BJU Int 87 (2001), Nr. 1, S.
571:
816:
564:
557:
739:
185:. Congenital hydrocele testis results when the processus vaginalis remains, allowing fluid from the peritoneum to accumulate in the scrotum.
259:
If the hydrocele is not surgically removed, it may continue to grow. The hydrocele fluid can be aspirated. This procedure can be done in a
145:
A hydrocele testis is not generally thought to affect fertility. However, it may be indicative of other factors that may affect fertility.
403:
Shan, CJ; Lucon, AM; Arap, S. (2003). "A Comparative study of sclerotherapy with phenol and surgical treatment for hydrocele".
744:
876:
368:
Beiko, DT; Kim, D; Morales, A (2003). "Aspiration and sclerotherapy versus hydrocelectomy for treatment of hydroceles".
90:
A hydrocele testis usually occurs on one side, but can also affect both sides. The accumulation can be a marker of
78:
and is often referred to simply as a "hydrocele". A primary hydrocele testis causes a painless enlargement in the
934:
734:
751:
960:
177:. Normally, the communication between the processus vaginalis and the peritoneum is obliterated, and the
809:
233:
288:
C, Esposito (2004). "Incidence and management of hydrocele following varicocele surgery in children".
965:
491:
264:
107:
67:
955:
929:
774:
856:
844:
580:
549:
137:, as a hydrocele is soft and fluid-filled, whereas testicular cancer feels hard and rough.
8:
480:
213:
174:
208:
851:
839:
626:
603:
245:
197:
416:
381:
346:
301:
894:
729:
641:
621:
502:
420:
385:
350:
305:
134:
49:
531:
485:
333:
Fracchia, JA; Armenakas, NA; Kohan, AD (1998). "Cost-effective hydrocele ablation".
871:
631:
412:
377:
342:
297:
178:
41:
866:
766:
756:
496:
91:
678:
537:
534:
193:
162:
507:
470:
466:
949:
924:
904:
861:
671:
268:
154:
829:
701:
696:
666:
661:
651:
424:
389:
309:
201:
354:
795:
724:
656:
646:
449:
118:
70:, the potential space between the layers of the tunica vaginalis of the
899:
706:
688:
221:
182:
166:
103:
126:
A hydrocele testis feels like a small fluid-filled balloon inside the
803:
588:
526:
260:
95:
75:
834:
824:
716:
636:
611:
84:
71:
886:
170:
127:
79:
54:
133:
Symptoms of a hydrocele testis can easily be distinguished from
584:
461:
158:
37:
212:
Communicating hydrocele testis, caused by the failure of the
99:
579:
122:
A hydrocele testis as it outwardly presents in an adult male
28:
181:
is the tissue that remains overlying the testis and the
817:
Pseudoepitheliomatous keratotic and micaceous balanitis
224:
the accumulation of fluids can be diagnosed correctly.
173:
as it descends. This peritoneal tissue is known as the
332:
255:
minimized dissection with a reduced complication rate.
251:
Hydrocele
Surgery with Plication of the Hydrocele Sac
439:
240:Hydrocelectomy with Excision of the Hydrocele Sac
947:
740:Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome
367:
44:. (Tunica vaginalis is labeled at upper right.)
110:indicates increased risk of hydrocele testis.
565:
402:
106:surgery, but the cause is generally unknown.
66:is an accumulation of clear fluid within the
572:
558:
27:
232:The fluid accumulation can be drained by
207:
200:of a 10 cm large hydrocele testis, with
192:
117:
948:
204:(dark) fluid surrounding the testicle.
745:Asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis
553:
271:is repeated as the hydrocele recurs.
113:
804:Balanoposthitis / Balanitis
877:Persistent genital arousal disorder
13:
14:
977:
435:
417:10.1097/01.ju.0000052680.03705.40
302:10.1097/01.ju.0000112928.91319.fe
287:
74:. It is the most common form of
396:
361:
326:
316:
281:
1:
935:Postorgasmic illness syndrome
872:Balanitis xerotica obliterans
735:Chronic bacterial prostatitis
382:10.1016/S0090-4295(02)02430-5
347:10.1016/S0022-5347(01)63755-8
274:
40:, exposed by laying open the
752:Benign prostatic hyperplasia
227:
188:
165:, drawing a diverticulum of
140:
7:
10:
982:
810:Balanitis plasmacellularis
917:
885:
794:
787:
765:
715:
687:
602:
595:
517:
443:
48:
35:
26:
21:
148:
108:Indirect inguinal hernia
930:Retrograde ejaculation
335:The Journal of Urology
217:
205:
123:
211:
196:
161:descends through the
121:
845:Erectile dysfunction
775:Seminal vesiculitis
220:Through diagnostic
214:processus vaginalis
175:processus vaginalis
961:Testicle disorders
857:Peyronie's disease
852:Spontaneous orgasm
840:Sexual dysfunction
627:Testicular torsion
518:External resources
218:
206:
198:Scrotal ultrasound
124:
114:Signs and symptoms
943:
942:
913:
912:
895:Fournier gangrene
783:
782:
730:Acute prostatitis
642:Asthenozoospermia
622:Testicular cancer
547:
546:
135:testicular cancer
60:
59:
16:Medical condition
973:
792:
791:
632:Male infertility
617:Hydrocele testis
600:
599:
574:
567:
560:
551:
550:
441:
440:
429:
428:
400:
394:
393:
365:
359:
358:
330:
324:
320:
314:
313:
285:
179:tunica vaginalis
64:hydrocele testis
42:tunica vaginalis
31:
22:Hydrocele testis
19:
18:
981:
980:
976:
975:
974:
972:
971:
970:
946:
945:
944:
939:
909:
881:
867:Penile fracture
779:
767:Seminal vesicle
761:
757:Prostate cancer
711:
683:
591:
578:
548:
543:
542:
513:
512:
452:
438:
433:
432:
401:
397:
366:
362:
331:
327:
321:
317:
286:
282:
277:
230:
191:
151:
143:
116:
92:physical trauma
87:in the testis.
17:
12:
11:
5:
979:
969:
968:
963:
958:
941:
940:
938:
937:
932:
927:
921:
919:
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827:
822:
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789:
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771:
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754:
749:
748:
747:
742:
737:
732:
721:
719:
713:
712:
710:
709:
704:
699:
693:
691:
685:
684:
682:
681:
679:Ectopic testis
676:
675:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
629:
624:
619:
614:
608:
606:
597:
593:
592:
577:
576:
569:
562:
554:
545:
544:
541:
540:
522:
521:
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510:
499:
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473:
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448:
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444:Classification
437:
436:External links
434:
431:
430:
395:
360:
325:
315:
279:
278:
276:
273:
257:
256:
252:
249:
241:
229:
226:
190:
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163:inguinal canal
150:
147:
142:
139:
115:
112:
68:cavum vaginale
58:
57:
52:
46:
45:
33:
32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
978:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
956:Sexual health
954:
953:
951:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
925:Hematospermia
923:
922:
920:
916:
906:
905:Pneumoscrotum
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
892:
890:
888:
884:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
862:Penile cancer
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
846:
843:
842:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
819:
818:
814:
812:
811:
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799:
797:
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786:
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764:
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753:
750:
746:
743:
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738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
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726:
723:
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720:
718:
714:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
694:
692:
690:
686:
680:
677:
673:
672:Teratospermia
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
634:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
609:
607:
605:
601:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
581:Male diseases
575:
570:
568:
563:
561:
556:
555:
552:
539:
536:
533:
529:
528:
524:
523:
520:
516:
509:
505:
504:
500:
498:
494:
493:
489:
487:
483:
482:
478:
474:
472:
468:
464:
463:
459:
455:
454:
451:
446:
442:
426:
422:
418:
414:
411:(3): 1056–9.
410:
406:
399:
391:
387:
383:
379:
376:(4): 708–12.
375:
371:
364:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
329:
319:
311:
307:
303:
299:
296:(3): 1271–3.
295:
291:
284:
280:
272:
270:
269:sclerotherapy
266:
262:
253:
250:
247:
242:
239:
238:
237:
235:
225:
223:
215:
210:
203:
199:
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186:
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160:
156:
155:embryogenesis
146:
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120:
111:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
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81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
56:
53:
51:
47:
43:
39:
34:
30:
25:
20:
966:Men's health
830:Paraphimosis
815:
808:
702:Spermatocele
697:Epididymitis
667:Necrospermia
662:Oligospermia
652:Hyperspermia
616:
525:
501:
490:
475:
456:
408:
404:
398:
373:
369:
363:
341:(3): 864–7.
338:
334:
328:
318:
293:
289:
283:
258:
246:von Bergmann
231:
219:
152:
144:
132:
125:
89:
63:
61:
725:Prostatitis
657:Hypospermia
647:Azoospermia
950:Categories
900:Varicocele
707:Hematocele
689:Epididymis
604:Testicular
503:DiseasesDB
275:References
265:aspiration
234:aspiration
222:ultrasound
183:epididymis
167:peritoneum
104:varicocele
36:The right
532:emerg/256
527:eMedicine
261:urologist
228:Treatment
189:Diagnosis
169:into the
141:Fertility
96:infection
76:hydrocele
50:Specialty
835:Priapism
825:Phimosis
788:External
717:Prostate
637:Aspermia
612:Orchitis
596:Internal
589:genitals
538:ped/1037
535:med/2778
425:12576845
390:12670550
310:14767329
216:closure.
202:anechoic
85:neoplasm
72:testicle
887:Scrotum
583:of the
497:D006848
370:Urology
355:9474170
171:scrotum
153:During
128:scrotum
80:scrotum
55:Urology
585:pelvis
423:
405:J Urol
388:
353:
308:
290:J Urol
159:testis
157:, the
38:testis
918:Other
796:Penis
471:N43.3
467:N43.0
149:Cause
100:tumor
587:and
508:6137
492:MeSH
481:9-CM
421:PMID
386:PMID
351:PMID
323:82–4
306:PMID
267:and
486:603
477:ICD
458:ICD
413:doi
409:169
378:doi
343:doi
339:159
298:doi
294:171
102:or
952::
530::
506::
495::
484::
465::
462:10
419:.
407:.
384:.
374:61
372:.
349:.
337:.
304:.
292:.
98:,
94:,
62:A
573:e
566:t
559:v
479:-
469:-
460:-
450:D
427:.
415::
392:.
380::
357:.
345::
312:.
300::
244:(
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