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INI file

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2387: 2072: 27: 2755:, Microsoft began strongly promoting the use of the Windows registry over INI files. INI files are typically limited to two levels (sections and properties) and do not handle binary data well. This decision, however, has not been immune to critiques, due to the fact that the registry is monolithic, opaque and binary, must be in sync with the filesystem, and represents a 123:
was originally a text file format that comprised text lines with one key–value pair per line, organized into sections. This format was used for operating system components, such as device drivers, fonts, and startup launchers. INI files were also generally used by applications to store individual
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In the Windows implementation, the equals sign and the semicolon are reserved characters and cannot appear in the key. Any whitespace surrounding the key is stripped by the parser. The value can contain any character (in Windows-style, no whitespace surrounds the delimiter: e.g.
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can serve as configuration formats. These three alternative formats can nest arbitrarily, but have a different syntax than the INI file. Among them, TOML most closely resembles INI, but the idea to make TOML deliberately compatible with a large subset of INI was rejected.
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In its broader sense, INI is an informal format which lends itself well to ad-hoc implementation while remaining human-configurable. Consequently, many varying specifications (where sometimes a parser implementation is the only specification ever written) exist, called
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INI interpretations depend a lot on personal taste and the needs of the computing environment, such as whitespace preservation, field type information, case sensitivity, or preferred comment delimiters. This makes INI prone to proliferation. Nonetheless,
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Interpretation of multiple section declarations with the same name also varies. In some implementations, duplicate sections simply merge their properties, as if they occurred contiguously. Others may abort, or ignore some aspect of the INI file.
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operating system which popularized this method of software configuration. The format has become an informal standard in many contexts of configuration, but many applications on other operating systems use different file name extensions, such as
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If this exists, it looks for an entry name matching the requested section. If an entry is found, INI mapping uses its value as a pointer to another part of the Registry. It then looks up the requested INI setting in that part of the Registry.
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and began to steer developers away from using INI files for configuration. All subsequent versions of Windows have used the Windows Registry for system configuration, but applications built on the .NET Framework use special
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The following example file has two sections: one for the owner of the software, and one for a payroll database connection. Comments record the last person who modified the file and the reason for modification.
2721:" Registry entry name is found to match the requested INI key. The value of "John Doe" is then returned to the Profile call. In this case, the @ prefix on the default prevents any reads from going to the 833:, it may be ignored (and the value discarded), or it may override the first occurrence (with the first value discarded). Some programs use duplicate property names to implement multi-valued properties. 2975:. section "Parsing INI Files". quote: "... the INI file format ... was very widely used in the Windows world, but today also drives the configuration of software products like PHP. For instance, ... 2766:-based configuration files became a popular choice for encoding configuration in text files. XML allows arbitrarily complex levels and nesting, and has standard mechanisms for encoding 1366:
Under Unix, many different configuration libraries exist to access INI files. They are often already included in frameworks and toolkits. Examples of INI parsers for Unix include
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INI mapping takes this Profile API call, ignores any path in the given filename and checks to see if there is a Registry key matching the filename under the directory:
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Attempts to create parsers able to support as many dialects as possible exist, and in its most complicated interpretation, the INI format is able to express arbitrary
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It is a common practice among authors of INI files to "comment out" unwanted entries in order to disable them, instead of removing them completely. See the key
3225: 3204: 3174: 3153: 3132: 3092: 699:). Some parsers did not offer nesting support at all and were hierarchy-blind, but nesting could still be partially emulated by exploiting the fact that 853:. This allows for explicit declaration of whitespace, and/or for quoting of special characters (equals, semicolon, etc.). The standard Windows function 2473: 375:. In its textual representation, the key-value pair is represented by either a line or a multiline where the start of the value is indicated by a 877:, backslashes followed immediately by EOL (end-of-line) cause the backslash and line break to be dropped, transforming the document's lines into 714:. Most Unix-style INI interpretations forbid case folding altogether, although case folding for the section name or key is sometimes allowed. 908:
It is not wise to blindly interpret escape sequences as some specifications explicitly mute their metacharacter for common escape sequences.
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Most implementations only support having one property with a given name in a section. The second occurrence of a property name may cause an
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Historically, ways for expressing nesting alternative to the dot have existed too (for example, IBM's driver file for Microsoft Windows
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function retrieves a string from the specified section in an initialization file. (The "private" profile is contrasted with
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Using indentation, explicitly following ConfigParser's approach (see the project's documentation for more information)
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As the INI file format is not rigidly defined, many parsers support features beyond those that form the common core.
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program demonstrates reading property values from the above sample INI file (let the name of configuration file be
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and simple to parse, so it is a usable format for configuration files that do not require much greater complexity.
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In some cases relative nesting is supported too, where a leading dot expresses nesting to the previous section:
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files are still used in Windows to configure properties of directories, e.g. specifying the icon for a folder.
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file on disk. The result is that any settings not found in the Registry are not looked for in the INI file.
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files. The initialization-file functions are still available in Windows and developers may still use them.
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comments. Some INI dialects but not all allow a comment on a key-value pair line or section line (called
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Besides Windows software, platform-agnostic software may use this file format for configuration. Some
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files to the new registry. File mapping traps the Profile API calls and, using settings from the
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entry name, INI mapping uses that instead. Thus each section name does not need its own entry.
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respectively in the two function calls above. If the argument supplied for this parameter is
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may thus either refer to the entire key-value pair or only its key. A value is also called
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The order of properties in a section and the order of sections in a file is irrelevant.
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implementations typically share common design features: a text file consisting of a
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Registry section, directs reads and writes to appropriate places in the Registry.
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is the programming interface used to read and write settings from classic Windows
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The newest INI parsers however allow the same arbitrary level of nesting of
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organized in sections. The name of these configuration files comes from the
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The standard syntax for line continuation refers here to the sequence of a
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Apache Documentation for org.apache.commons.configuration2.INIConfiguration
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What follows is a non-exhaustive list of places in which INI files appear.
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Initialization file mapping creates a mapping between an INI file and the
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So, in this case the profile call for the section is mapped through to:
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supports this, and will remove quotation marks that surround the values.
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If no matching entry name is found and there is an entry under the
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Some parsers allow section nesting, using dots as path delimiters:
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Following the syntax of the language it is designed to work with (
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Using the example below, a string call could be made to fetch the
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Some implementations allow values to be quoted, typically using
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text/plain, application/textedit, zz-application/zz-winassoc-ini
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HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\...\IniFileMapping\dbsettings.ini
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file, which used a completely different syntax in the form of
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Discontinued – last version is 5.0.5, from November 2009
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A line with contiguous trailing whitespace followed by a
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file is written in an INI-style configuration language.
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HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\
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Was The Windows Registry a Good Idea? – Coding Horror
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in the lines that follow, instead of the more common
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HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\oldprogs\inisettings\all
2627:"c:\\programs\\oldprogram\\dbsettings.ini" 336:, making it equivalent to standardised formats like 3527: 869:, some dialects allow line folding by a backslash ( 816: 119:The primary mechanism of software configuration in 3553: 1103:0xhhhh, encoded either in UTF-8 or local encoding 742:, ASCII 0x23) to denote a comment, mirroring Unix 480:Exemplary INI document employing nested sections: 3295:. 2001. Section "The ConfigParser Module". p. 143 3070: 734:. Some INI dialects furthermore allow use of the 3953: 3257: 2958:Rasmus Lerdorf, Kevin Tatroe, Peter MacIntyre. 2924: 2302:23H2 (10.0.22631.4249) (September 26, 2024 901:, ASCII 0x5C) as a metacharacter and emulating 158:config files also use a similar format. INI is 3925:: The particular syntax allowed by libconfini. 3238: 3104:This includes the Windows implementation. See 2914:Microsoft: Windows NT Workstation Resource Kit 622: 359:Data in INI is held in key-value pairs called 2892:Microsoft TechNet: Configure an Ini File Item 685:was used as nesting delimiter in the form of 604:# Or does "\\\\" prevent folding? 1381: 215:unit configuration files are written in INI. 3223: 3202: 3172: 3151: 3130: 2927:"How to Customize Folders with Desktop.ini" 3305:"ConfigParser - Configuration file parser" 2594:section from a settings file called, say, 2385: 2070: 1817:version 2 with classpath exception, and a 710:Section and property names in Windows are 387:, ASCII 0x3D) but sometimes also a colon ( 3929:Cloanto Implementation of INI File Format 1339:function is the default value, which are 402:Key-value pairs may textually look like: 3367: 3334:configparser — Configuration file parser 3040:"afp.conf — Netatalk configuration file" 889:Some dialects offer varying support for 250:; last modified 1 April 2001 by John Doe 3937:: INI parser tutorial in Apache Groovy. 2669:@USR:Software\oldprogs\inisettings\all 450:Key-value pairs may be grouped under a 83:with a structure and syntax comprising 3954: 3493:"OpenJDK: GPLv2 + Classpath Exception" 2468:3.0.2 11 September 2022; 3 months ago 1109: 206:entries are written in an INI flavour. 3817:Initialization Files and the Registry 3772: 3770: 3768: 2679:USR:Software\oldprogs\inisettings\db 557:"logistics (fragile fruit)" 3923:libconfini's Library Function Manual 3905:http://filext.com/file-extension/INI 3082:libconfini's Library Function Manual 884: 860: 127:The format was maintained in 16-bit 3821:Windows NT Workstation Resource Kit 705: 13: 3935:A very simple data file metaformat 3765: 3107:"GetPrivateProfileString function" 1893:11.0.17 LTS (October 18, 2022 1875:17.0.6 LTS (February 18, 2023 1357:, the default is an empty string, 824: 503:; TODO: advertise vacant positions 354: 197:file is written in an INI flavour. 14: 3978: 3916: 2519:1.4 29 December 2022; 3 days ago 934:, escaping the escape character) 702:constitutes a unique identifier. 491:orchard rental service (with app) 139:Microsoft favored the use of the 61:Initialization/Configuration File 3842:, Paul Robichaux, O'Reilly Media 3840:Managing the Windows NT Registry 3368:Withnall, Philip (11 Feb 2021). 3095:, The Apache Software Foundation 1911:8u401 LTS (January 16, 2024 840: 817:Order of sections and properties 800:# This is another inline comment 25: 3887: 3867: 3856: 3845: 3829: 3810: 3799: 3788:from the original on 2022-12-12 3721: 3710: 3699: 3688: 3677: 3666: 3633: 3607: 3601: 3597:Releases · madmurphy/libconfini 3590: 3579: 3506: 3485: 3481:Properties (Java Platform SE 8) 3474: 3463: 3452: 3441: 3432: 3421: 3410: 3399: 3388: 3361: 3350: 3346:Python Documentation by Version 3339: 3310: 3298: 3285: 3217: 3196: 3187: 3166: 3145: 3124: 3098: 3086: 3052: 3032: 3014: 2990:"git-config CONFIGURATION FILE" 2746: 2566: 2358:Read + Write (non-destructive) 2284:Read + Write (non-destructive) 688:; or Microsoft Visual Studio's 3495:. Openjdk.java.net. 1989-04-01 3470:Releases · iniparser/iniparser 3008:specifications.freedesktop.org 2996: 2982: 2965: 2952: 2939: 2925:Microsoft Learn (2022-02-08). 2918: 2907: 2896: 2885: 2809:, offer equivalent support of 1562:2.66.7 (February 11, 2021 325:on each line, delimited by an 1: 3836:Administering the NT Registry 3684:Tags · whoatemybutter / PyINI 3617:— Parse a configuration file" 2878: 2641:CurrentVersion\IniFileMapping 585:"I like red fruit." 165: 3946:WritePrivateProfileStringA() 351:support is highly volatile. 187:file employs the INI format. 7: 3806:java-ini-parser github page 3778:"configparser on crates.io" 3111:Microsoft Developer Network 2820: 2533:Disabled entry recognition 1834:22.0.1 (April 19, 2024 1398:Disabled entry recognition 1335:The third parameter of the 788:; This is an inline comment 717: 623:Hierarchy (section nesting) 445: 10: 3983: 3621:Official PHP documentation 3357:GLib Key–value file parser 3004:"Basic format of the file" 2973:"PHP and MySQL Phrasebook" 2903:.conf initialization files 2759:for the operating system. 730:, ASCII 0x3E) indicates a 548:"truly unlikely" 239: 114: 3942:GetPrivateProfileString() 3293:"Python Standard Library" 3248:in the following example: 2740: 2722: 2690: 2658: 2595: 2576: 1382:Comparison of INI parsers 1358: 1352: 1346: 1340: 1336: 1127: 1119: 303: 232: 222: 212: 203: 194: 184: 174: 57: 45: 33: 24: 16:Configuration file format 3706:RudeConfig documentation 3586:libconfini documentation 3516:. Oracle.com. 2013-04-02 2600: 2530:Section nesting support 1857:(September 19, 2023 1395:Section nesting support 1147: 1122:files. For example, the 912:Common escape sequences 752: 654: 629: 482: 404: 247: 47:Internet media type 3911:https://wikiext.com/ini 3459:iniparser documentation 3448:Releases · benhoyt/inih 2757:single point of failure 2603:GetPrivateProfileString 2560:Latest release version 1895:; 23 months ago 1877:; 19 months ago 1859:; 12 months ago 1425:Latest release version 1337:GetPrivateProfileString 1207:GetPrivateProfileString 1124:GetPrivateProfileString 855:GetPrivateProfileString 811:GetPrivateProfileString 613:My name may contain a \ 576:2021-11-23, 08:54 +0900 298:"payroll.dat" 235:file is written in INI. 3193:Cloanto Implementation 2392:; 8 months ago 1913:; 8 months ago 1836:; 5 months ago 999:for some applications 3967:Computer file formats 3717:Releases · RudeConfig 3406:inifile documentation 3395:Releases · GNOME/glib 1564:; 3 years ago 1342:"127.0.0.1" 1225:"127.0.0.1" 1137:The following sample 1130:, which fetches from 893:, typically with the 131:platforms up through 3281:java.util.Properties 3271:, as implemented by 2556:Programming language 1785:java.util.Properties 1430:Python ConfigParser 1421:Programming language 1312:dbsettings.ini" 1288:"database" 1282:GetPrivateProfileInt 1270:dbsettings.ini" 1213:"database" 551:anticipated problems 500:"Bay Area" 3962:Configuration files 3852:The System Registry 3751:"Wine 9.0 Released" 3654:. 26 September 2024 3026:www.freedesktop.org 2542:Read/Write support 2536:Multi-line support 2326:(implementation of 2304:; 1 day ago 2077:; 1 day ago 1407:Read/Write support 1401:Multi-line support 1114:Under Windows, the 1110:Accessing INI files 913: 397:IconFile=Folder.ico 21: 3566:Oracle Corporation 3540:Oracle Corporation 3417:Releases · inifile 2775:data serialization 2506:Platform-agnostic 2405:Rust configparser 2179:Platform-agnostic 2124:Platform-agnostic 2075:(26 September 2024 2062:(implementation), 1827:(implementation), 1810:Platform-agnostic 1486:(implementation), 1219:"server" 981:Bell/Alert/Audible 911: 891:character escaping 598:I would buy dates. 89:filename extension 73:configuration file 35:Filename extension 19: 3894:libconfini/README 3825:Microsoft TechNet 3753:. 16 January 2024 3733:Microsoft Support 3639:PHP License v3.01 3514:"BCL For Java SE" 3374:GNOME ftp-release 3224:The Git Project. 3203:The Git Project. 3173:The Git Project. 3152:The Git Project. 3131:The Git Project. 3022:"systemd.service" 2960:"Programming PHP" 2777:formats, such as 2715: 2714: 2683: 2682: 2609:"owner" 2564: 2563: 2527:Sections support 2082:26 September 2024 1392:Sections support 1153:<windows.h> 1107: 1106: 885:Escape characters 875:line continuation 861:Line continuation 456:global properties 268:Acme Widgets Inc. 129:Microsoft Windows 79:that consists of 77:computer software 65: 64: 3974: 3896: 3891: 3885: 3884: 3871: 3865: 3860: 3854: 3849: 3843: 3833: 3827: 3814: 3808: 3803: 3797: 3796: 3794: 3793: 3774: 3763: 3762: 3760: 3758: 3747: 3741: 3740: 3725: 3719: 3714: 3708: 3703: 3697: 3692: 3686: 3681: 3675: 3670: 3664: 3663: 3661: 3659: 3652:"Version 8.3.12" 3648: 3642: 3637: 3631: 3630: 3628: 3627: 3616: 3615:parse_ini_file() 3605: 3599: 3594: 3588: 3583: 3577: 3576: 3574: 3573: 3557: 3551: 3550: 3548: 3547: 3531: 3525: 3524: 3522: 3521: 3510: 3504: 3503: 3501: 3500: 3489: 3483: 3478: 3472: 3467: 3461: 3456: 3450: 3445: 3439: 3436: 3430: 3425: 3419: 3414: 3408: 3403: 3397: 3392: 3386: 3385: 3383: 3381: 3365: 3359: 3354: 3348: 3343: 3337: 3314: 3308: 3302: 3296: 3289: 3283: 3282: 3261: 3255: 3247: 3242: 3236: 3235: 3233: 3232: 3221: 3215: 3214: 3212: 3211: 3200: 3194: 3191: 3185: 3184: 3182: 3181: 3170: 3164: 3163: 3161: 3160: 3149: 3143: 3142: 3140: 3139: 3128: 3122: 3121: 3119: 3118: 3102: 3096: 3090: 3084: 3079: 3068: 3067: 3060:"pacman.conf(5)" 3056: 3050: 3049: 3047: 3046: 3036: 3030: 3029: 3018: 3012: 3011: 3000: 2994: 2993: 2986: 2980: 2978: 2971:Christian Wenz. 2969: 2963: 2956: 2950: 2943: 2937: 2936: 2934: 2933: 2922: 2916: 2911: 2905: 2900: 2894: 2889: 2742: 2734: 2724: 2688: 2687: 2656: 2655: 2640: 2631: 2628: 2625: 2622: 2619: 2616: 2615:"name" 2613: 2610: 2607: 2604: 2597: 2578: 2573:Windows registry 2400: 2398: 2393: 2389: 2318: 2312: 2310: 2305: 2085: 2083: 2078: 2074: 2008: 2007:parse_ini_file() 1927: 1921: 1919: 1914: 1909: 1903: 1901: 1896: 1891: 1885: 1883: 1878: 1873: 1867: 1865: 1860: 1850: 1844: 1842: 1837: 1786: 1578: 1572: 1570: 1565: 1386: 1385: 1362: 1361: 1356: 1355: 1350: 1349: 1344: 1343: 1338: 1331: 1328: 1325: 1322: 1319: 1316: 1313: 1310: 1307: 1304: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1294:"port" 1292: 1289: 1286: 1283: 1280: 1277: 1274: 1271: 1268: 1265: 1262: 1259: 1256: 1253: 1250: 1247: 1244: 1241: 1238: 1235: 1232: 1229: 1226: 1223: 1220: 1217: 1214: 1211: 1208: 1205: 1202: 1199: 1196: 1193: 1190: 1187: 1184: 1181: 1178: 1175: 1172: 1169: 1166: 1163: 1160: 1157: 1154: 1151: 1144: 1129: 1128:GetProfileString 1121: 1093: 1078: 1066: 1054: 1042: 1030: 1018: 1006: 989: 977: 965: 953: 941: 927: 914: 910: 900: 872: 801: 798: 795: 792: 789: 786: 783: 780: 777: 774: 771: 768: 765: 762: 759: 756: 741: 729: 712:case insensitive 706:Case sensitivity 701: 698: 694: 691: 687: 680: 673: 670: 667: 664: 661: 658: 648: 645: 642: 639: 636: 633: 618: 614: 611: 608: 605: 602: 599: 595: 592: 589: 586: 583: 580: 577: 574: 571: 568: 564: 561: 560:Trademark Issues 558: 555: 552: 549: 546: 543: 542:Trademark Issues 540: 537: 534: 531: 528: 525: 522: 519: 516: 515:trademark issues 513: 510: 507: 504: 501: 498: 495: 492: 489: 486: 472: 468: 464: 441: 438: 435: 432: 429: 426: 423: 420: 417: 414: 411: 408: 398: 390: 386: 379:, most often an 299: 296: 293: 290: 287: 284: 281: 278: 275: 272: 269: 266: 263: 260: 257: 254: 251: 234: 224: 214: 205: 196: 186: 176: 141:Windows Registry 135:. Starting with 29: 22: 18: 3982: 3981: 3977: 3976: 3975: 3973: 3972: 3971: 3952: 3951: 3919: 3900: 3899: 3892: 3888: 3873: 3872: 3868: 3861: 3857: 3850: 3846: 3834: 3830: 3815: 3811: 3804: 3800: 3791: 3789: 3776: 3775: 3766: 3756: 3754: 3749: 3748: 3744: 3727: 3726: 3722: 3715: 3711: 3704: 3700: 3693: 3689: 3682: 3678: 3671: 3667: 3657: 3655: 3650: 3649: 3645: 3638: 3634: 3625: 3623: 3614: 3606: 3602: 3595: 3591: 3584: 3580: 3571: 3569: 3559: 3558: 3554: 3545: 3543: 3533: 3532: 3528: 3519: 3517: 3512: 3511: 3507: 3498: 3496: 3491: 3490: 3486: 3479: 3475: 3468: 3464: 3457: 3453: 3446: 3442: 3437: 3433: 3426: 3422: 3415: 3411: 3404: 3400: 3393: 3389: 3379: 3377: 3366: 3362: 3355: 3351: 3344: 3340: 3315: 3311: 3303: 3299: 3291:Fredrik Lundh. 3290: 3286: 3280: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3252: 3250: 3245: 3243: 3239: 3230: 3228: 3222: 3218: 3209: 3207: 3201: 3197: 3192: 3188: 3179: 3177: 3171: 3167: 3158: 3156: 3150: 3146: 3137: 3135: 3129: 3125: 3116: 3114: 3105: 3103: 3099: 3091: 3087: 3080: 3071: 3058: 3057: 3053: 3044: 3042: 3038: 3037: 3033: 3020: 3019: 3015: 3002: 3001: 2997: 2988: 2987: 2983: 2976: 2970: 2966: 2957: 2953: 2944: 2940: 2931: 2929: 2923: 2919: 2912: 2908: 2901: 2897: 2890: 2886: 2881: 2823: 2773:More recently, 2749: 2733: 2633: 2632: 2629: 2626: 2623: 2620: 2617: 2614: 2611: 2608: 2605: 2602: 2569: 2474:java-ini-parser 2397:16 January 2024 2396: 2394: 2391: 2390:16 January 2024 2314: 2308: 2306: 2303: 2081: 2079: 2076: 2006: 1923: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1910: 1905: 1899: 1897: 1894: 1892: 1887: 1881: 1879: 1876: 1874: 1869: 1863: 1861: 1858: 1851: 1846: 1840: 1838: 1835: 1784: 1574: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1384: 1359: 1353: 1347: 1341: 1333: 1332: 1329: 1326: 1323: 1320: 1317: 1314: 1311: 1308: 1305: 1302: 1299: 1296: 1293: 1290: 1287: 1284: 1281: 1278: 1275: 1272: 1269: 1266: 1263: 1260: 1257: 1254: 1251: 1248: 1245: 1242: 1239: 1236: 1233: 1230: 1227: 1224: 1221: 1218: 1215: 1212: 1209: 1206: 1203: 1200: 1197: 1194: 1191: 1188: 1185: 1182: 1179: 1176: 1173: 1170: 1167: 1164: 1161: 1158: 1155: 1152: 1149: 1142: 1112: 1099:character with 1088: 1076: 1064: 1052: 1040: 1028: 1022:Carriage return 1016: 1004: 987: 975: 963: 951: 939: 925: 898: 887: 870: 863: 843: 827: 825:Duplicate names 819: 803: 802: 799: 796: 793: 790: 787: 784: 781: 778: 775: 772: 769: 766: 763: 760: 757: 754: 748:in-line comment 739: 727: 720: 708: 700: 696: 693: 689: 686: 681:, in which the 678: 675: 674: 671: 668: 665: 662: 659: 656: 650: 649: 646: 643: 640: 637: 634: 631: 625: 620: 619: 616: 612: 609: 606: 603: 600: 597: 593: 590: 587: 584: 581: 578: 575: 572: 569: 566: 562: 559: 556: 553: 550: 547: 544: 541: 538: 535: 532: 529: 526: 523: 520: 517: 514: 511: 508: 505: 502: 499: 496: 493: 490: 487: 484: 470: 466: 463: 460:square brackets 448: 443: 442: 439: 436: 433: 430: 427: 424: 421: 418: 415: 412: 409: 406: 396: 388: 384: 357: 355:Key-value pairs 306: 301: 300: 297: 294: 291: 288: 285: 282: 279: 276: 273: 270: 267: 264: 261: 258: 255: 252: 249: 242: 201:freedesktop.org 168: 117: 85:key–value pairs 53: 41: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3980: 3970: 3969: 3964: 3950: 3949: 3938: 3932: 3926: 3918: 3917:External links 3915: 3914: 3913: 3907: 3898: 3897: 3886: 3866: 3855: 3844: 3828: 3809: 3798: 3784:. 2022-12-12. 3764: 3742: 3720: 3709: 3698: 3687: 3676: 3665: 3643: 3632: 3600: 3589: 3578: 3561:"JDK Releases" 3552: 3535:"JDK Releases" 3526: 3505: 3484: 3473: 3462: 3451: 3440: 3431: 3420: 3409: 3398: 3387: 3376:(Mailing list) 3360: 3349: 3338: 3309: 3297: 3284: 3256: 3249: 3237: 3216: 3195: 3186: 3165: 3144: 3123: 3097: 3085: 3069: 3051: 3031: 3013: 2995: 2981: 2964: 2951: 2945:Codrut Neagu, 2938: 2917: 2906: 2895: 2883: 2882: 2880: 2877: 2876: 2875: 2870: 2865: 2855: 2850: 2844: 2839: 2834: 2829: 2822: 2819: 2751:Starting with 2748: 2745: 2743:file on disk. 2741:dbsettings.ini 2731: 2723:dbsettings.ini 2720: 2713: 2712: 2711:Acme Products 2709: 2708: 2703: 2702: 2699: 2698: 2693: 2692: 2681: 2680: 2677: 2676: 2671: 2670: 2667: 2666: 2661: 2660: 2652: 2643: 2642: 2601: 2596:dbsettings.ini 2582: 2581:IniFileMapping 2568: 2565: 2562: 2561: 2558: 2553: 2548: 2543: 2540: 2537: 2534: 2531: 2528: 2525: 2521: 2520: 2517: 2512: 2507: 2504: 2501: 2488: 2485: 2482: 2479: 2476: 2470: 2469: 2466: 2461: 2451: 2434: 2431: 2418: 2415: 2412: 2409: 2406: 2402: 2401: 2382: 2377: 2372: 2359: 2356: 2343: 2340: 2337: 2334: 2331: 2320: 2319: 2300: 2295: 2290: 2285: 2282: 2269: 2266: 2263: 2260: 2257: 2251: 2250: 2247: 2242: 2237: 2228: 2225: 2212: 2209: 2206: 2203: 2200: 2194: 2193: 2190: 2185: 2180: 2177: 2174: 2157: 2154: 2151: 2148: 2145: 2139: 2138: 2135: 2130: 2125: 2122: 2119: 2106: 2103: 2100: 2097: 2094: 2088: 2087: 2067: 2057: 2051: 2038: 2035: 2022: 2019: 2016: 2013: 2010: 1999: 1998: 1995: 1990: 1985: 1968: 1965: 1948: 1945: 1942: 1939: 1936: 1930: 1929: 1832: 1822: 1813:Dual-license: 1811: 1808: 1805: 1800: 1797: 1794: 1791: 1788: 1777: 1776: 1773: 1768: 1763: 1746: 1743: 1730: 1727: 1724: 1721: 1718: 1712: 1711: 1708: 1703: 1698: 1681: 1678: 1665: 1662: 1659: 1656: 1653: 1647: 1646: 1643: 1638: 1633: 1616: 1613: 1600: 1597: 1594: 1591: 1588: 1582: 1581: 1560: 1555: 1550: 1533: 1530: 1513: 1510: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1495: 1494: 1491: 1481: 1476: 1459: 1456: 1443: 1440: 1437: 1434: 1431: 1427: 1426: 1423: 1418: 1413: 1408: 1405: 1402: 1399: 1396: 1393: 1390: 1383: 1380: 1148: 1143:dbsettings.ini 1111: 1108: 1105: 1104: 1094: 1085: 1084: 1079: 1073: 1072: 1067: 1061: 1060: 1055: 1049: 1048: 1043: 1037: 1036: 1031: 1025: 1024: 1019: 1013: 1012: 1007: 1001: 1000: 997:Bell character 990: 984: 983: 978: 972: 971: 969:Null character 966: 960: 959: 954: 948: 947: 942: 936: 935: 928: 922: 921: 918: 886: 883: 880: 876: 862: 859: 842: 839: 826: 823: 818: 815: 812: 753: 749: 719: 716: 707: 704: 655: 630: 624: 621: 483: 457: 447: 444: 405: 356: 353: 323:key-value pair 320: 312: 305: 302: 248: 241: 238: 237: 236: 226: 216: 207: 198: 188: 178: 167: 164: 160:human-readable 116: 113: 98:, used in the 96:initialization 63: 62: 59: 58:Type of format 55: 54: 51: 49: 43: 42: 39: 37: 31: 30: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3979: 3968: 3965: 3963: 3960: 3959: 3957: 3947: 3943: 3939: 3936: 3933: 3930: 3927: 3924: 3921: 3920: 3912: 3908: 3906: 3902: 3901: 3895: 3890: 3882: 3881: 3876: 3870: 3864: 3859: 3853: 3848: 3841: 3837: 3832: 3826: 3822: 3818: 3813: 3807: 3802: 3787: 3783: 3779: 3773: 3771: 3769: 3752: 3746: 3738: 3734: 3730: 3724: 3718: 3713: 3707: 3702: 3696: 3691: 3685: 3680: 3674: 3669: 3653: 3647: 3641: 3636: 3622: 3618: 3610: 3604: 3598: 3593: 3587: 3582: 3568: 3567: 3562: 3556: 3542: 3541: 3536: 3530: 3515: 3509: 3494: 3488: 3482: 3477: 3471: 3466: 3460: 3455: 3449: 3444: 3435: 3429: 3424: 3418: 3413: 3407: 3402: 3396: 3391: 3375: 3371: 3370:"glib 2.66.7" 3364: 3358: 3353: 3347: 3342: 3335: 3331: 3327: 3323: 3319: 3313: 3306: 3301: 3294: 3288: 3278: 3274: 3270: 3266: 3260: 3241: 3227: 3220: 3206: 3199: 3190: 3176: 3169: 3155: 3148: 3134: 3127: 3112: 3108: 3101: 3094: 3089: 3083: 3078: 3076: 3074: 3065: 3064:archlinux.org 3061: 3055: 3041: 3035: 3027: 3023: 3017: 3009: 3005: 2999: 2991: 2985: 2974: 2968: 2961: 2955: 2948: 2942: 2928: 2921: 2915: 2910: 2904: 2899: 2893: 2888: 2884: 2874: 2871: 2869: 2866: 2863: 2859: 2856: 2854: 2851: 2848: 2845: 2843: 2840: 2838: 2835: 2833: 2830: 2828: 2825: 2824: 2818: 2816: 2812: 2808: 2804: 2800: 2796: 2791: 2788: 2784: 2780: 2776: 2771: 2769: 2765: 2760: 2758: 2754: 2744: 2738: 2729: 2726: 2718: 2710: 2706: 2705: 2704: 2700: 2696: 2695: 2694: 2689: 2686: 2678: 2674: 2673: 2672: 2668: 2664: 2663: 2662: 2657: 2654: 2650: 2647: 2638: 2637: 2636: 2599: 2593: 2590:key from the 2589: 2584: 2580: 2574: 2559: 2557: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2547: 2544: 2541: 2538: 2535: 2532: 2529: 2526: 2523: 2522: 2518: 2516: 2513: 2511: 2508: 2505: 2503:Read + Write 2502: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2489: 2486: 2483: 2480: 2477: 2475: 2472: 2471: 2467: 2465: 2462: 2459: 2455: 2452: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2438: 2435: 2433:Read + Write 2432: 2430: 2426: 2422: 2419: 2416: 2413: 2410: 2407: 2404: 2403: 2388: 2383: 2381: 2378: 2376: 2373: 2371: 2367: 2363: 2360: 2357: 2355: 2351: 2347: 2344: 2341: 2338: 2335: 2332: 2329: 2325: 2322: 2321: 2317: 2301: 2299: 2296: 2294: 2291: 2289: 2286: 2283: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2270: 2267: 2264: 2261: 2258: 2256: 2253: 2252: 2248: 2246: 2243: 2241: 2238: 2236: 2232: 2229: 2227:Read + Write 2226: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2213: 2210: 2207: 2204: 2201: 2199: 2196: 2195: 2191: 2189: 2186: 2184: 2181: 2178: 2176:Read + Write 2175: 2173: 2169: 2165: 2161: 2158: 2155: 2152: 2149: 2146: 2144: 2141: 2140: 2136: 2134: 2131: 2129: 2126: 2123: 2121:Read + Write 2120: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2107: 2104: 2101: 2098: 2095: 2093: 2090: 2089: 2073: 2068: 2065: 2061: 2058: 2055: 2052: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2039: 2036: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2023: 2020: 2017: 2014: 2011: 2004: 2001: 2000: 1996: 1994: 1991: 1989: 1986: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1969: 1966: 1964: 1960: 1956: 1952: 1949: 1946: 1943: 1940: 1937: 1935: 1932: 1931: 1928: 1926: 1908: 1890: 1872: 1856: 1849: 1833: 1830: 1826: 1823: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1809: 1807:Read + Write 1806: 1804: 1801: 1798: 1795: 1792: 1789: 1782: 1779: 1778: 1774: 1772: 1769: 1767: 1764: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1747: 1745:Read + Write 1744: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1731: 1728: 1725: 1722: 1719: 1717: 1714: 1713: 1709: 1707: 1704: 1702: 1699: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1682: 1679: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1666: 1664:Non-standard 1663: 1660: 1657: 1654: 1652: 1649: 1648: 1644: 1642: 1639: 1637: 1634: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1617: 1615:Read + Write 1614: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1601: 1598: 1595: 1592: 1589: 1587: 1584: 1583: 1580: 1577: 1561: 1559: 1556: 1554: 1551: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1534: 1532:Read + Write 1531: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1514: 1511: 1508: 1505: 1502: 1500: 1497: 1496: 1492: 1489: 1485: 1482: 1480: 1477: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1460: 1458:Read + Write 1457: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1444: 1442:Non-standard 1441: 1438: 1435: 1432: 1429: 1428: 1424: 1422: 1419: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1406: 1403: 1400: 1397: 1394: 1391: 1388: 1387: 1379: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1364: 1146: 1140: 1135: 1133: 1125: 1117: 1102: 1098: 1095: 1092: 1087: 1086: 1083: 1080: 1075: 1074: 1071: 1068: 1063: 1062: 1059: 1056: 1051: 1050: 1047: 1044: 1039: 1038: 1035: 1032: 1027: 1026: 1023: 1020: 1015: 1014: 1011: 1010:Tab character 1008: 1003: 1002: 998: 994: 991: 986: 985: 982: 979: 974: 973: 970: 967: 962: 961: 958: 957:Double quotes 955: 950: 949: 946: 943: 938: 937: 933: 929: 924: 923: 919: 916: 915: 909: 906: 904: 896: 892: 882: 879:logical lines 878: 874: 868: 858: 856: 852: 848: 847:double quotes 841:Quoted values 838: 834: 832: 822: 814: 810: 808: 773:# dangerously 751: 747: 745: 737: 733: 725: 715: 713: 703: 684: 653: 628: 494:target region 481: 478: 476: 461: 455: 453: 403: 400: 392: 382: 378: 374: 373:property name 370: 366: 362: 352: 350: 345: 343: 339: 335: 334:S-expressions 330: 328: 324: 319:INI-flavoured 318: 314: 310: 246: 230: 227: 220: 217: 211: 208: 202: 199: 192: 189: 182: 179: 173: 172: 171: 163: 161: 157: 152: 150: 147: 142: 138: 134: 130: 125: 122: 112: 110: 106: 101: 97: 93: 90: 86: 82: 78: 74: 70: 60: 56: 50: 48: 44: 38: 36: 32: 28: 23: 3940:Microsoft's 3889: 3878: 3869: 3858: 3847: 3839: 3831: 3820: 3812: 3801: 3790:. Retrieved 3781: 3755:. Retrieved 3745: 3732: 3723: 3712: 3701: 3690: 3679: 3668: 3658:26 September 3656:. Retrieved 3646: 3635: 3624:. Retrieved 3620: 3603: 3592: 3581: 3570:. Retrieved 3564: 3555: 3544:. Retrieved 3538: 3529: 3518:. Retrieved 3508: 3497:. Retrieved 3487: 3476: 3465: 3454: 3443: 3434: 3423: 3412: 3401: 3390: 3378:. Retrieved 3373: 3363: 3352: 3341: 3312: 3300: 3287: 3267:followed by 3259: 3240: 3229:. Retrieved 3226:"config.txt" 3219: 3208:. Retrieved 3205:"config.txt" 3198: 3189: 3178:. Retrieved 3175:"config.txt" 3168: 3157:. Retrieved 3154:"config.txt" 3147: 3136:. Retrieved 3133:"config.txt" 3126: 3115:. Retrieved 3110: 3100: 3088: 3063: 3054: 3043:. Retrieved 3034: 3025: 3016: 3007: 2998: 2984: 2967: 2954: 2941: 2930:. Retrieved 2920: 2909: 2898: 2887: 2811:typed values 2792: 2772: 2761: 2750: 2747:Alternatives 2736: 2727: 2716: 2707:organization 2684: 2648: 2644: 2634: 2591: 2587: 2585: 2570: 2567:File mapping 2539:Value types 2069:8.3.12  1852: 1579: 1404:Value types 1365: 1360:"" 1334: 1136: 1115: 1113: 1090: 930:\ (a single 907: 888: 864: 844: 835: 828: 820: 804: 721: 709: 690:AEMANAGR.INI 676: 651: 626: 479: 474: 467:</tag> 451: 449: 401: 393: 372: 368: 364: 360: 358: 346: 331: 315: 311:INI dialects 307: 262:organization 243: 169: 153: 148: 133:Windows 3.1x 126: 118: 108: 104: 94:, short for 91: 68: 66: 3428:inih README 3380:12 February 3322:indentation 3113:. 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573:= 563:= 554:= 545:= 536:= 527:= 518:= 509:= 497:= 488:= 471:. 462:( 437:= 431:; 428:= 419:= 410:= 389:: 385:= 383:( 295:= 286:= 277:= 265:= 256:=

Index


Filename extension
Internet media type
configuration file
computer software
plain text
key–value pairs
filename extension
initialization
MS-DOS
Windows
Microsoft Windows
Windows 3.1x
Windows 95
Windows Registry
XML
Unix-like
human-readable
PHP
Git
freedesktop.org
systemd
Netatalk
Pacman
key-value pair
equals sign
S-expressions
XML
JSON
Implemented

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