1233:
sure that the purchase contract allows Bank to step into the transaction as the buyer. The Bank then buys the property. At the closing, the Bank enters into an agreement to sell the property to you for a fixed price-the purchase price the Bank paid plus any transaction costs not paid by you at the closing. Ownership of the property is transferred to you after this price has been paid to the Bank. A payment schedule is established so that in exchange for keeping the property rented, your payments are deferred over time.
46:
1162:— although "the principles of ijarah are so numerous that a separate volume is required for their full discussion". Some of the rules include agreeing on the cost of the lease and the period of time for which it will last; clear terms in the contract; agreeing on purpose the lessee will use the property for, which they must stick to; the
1481:
1142:, or "rent and acquisition") and usually refers to a leasing contract of property (such as land, plant, office automation, a motor vehicle), which is leased to a client for stream of rental and purchase payments, ending with a transfer of ownership to the lessee, and otherwise follows Islamic regulations.
1397:
throughout the lease period" compared to financial leases used by conventional finance. Another problem is that the ijarah customer may be "exposed to the risk of losing the property if the financier is sued, loses, and declares bankruptcy" even if the customer has paid off 90% of the property price. A
1420:
lessor/lender can evict the borrower/buyer who is "a few months in arrears" because the borrower is a tenant not an owner. In contrast the conventional borrower/buyer/mortgagor cannot because they have "security of tenure". Secondly if the Lender/mortgagee in a conventional mortgage does foreclose on
1232:
An ijarah transaction involves two components: a purchase agreement and a lease. You go out and find the property you would like us to purchase on your behalf. You negotiate the price and other aspects of the purchase. You make any initial payment of earnest money to reserve the property. You make
1392:
According to M.T. Usmani, "some requirements of Shari‘ah are often overlooked" in transactions of ijarah in the real world, as when an unforeseeable circumstance leads to the destruction of the asset but the lessee is required to keep paying the rent in violation of the principle that the lessor
1396:
Other challenges are not of failure to follow sharia law properly in practice but of disadvantages in cost or consumer protection ijarah has compared to conventional finance. Mahmud el-Gamal notes the added expense of the bank/financer having to "maintain substantial ownership of the property
1237:
The buyer's installment payments will remain the same (or fairly close to the same) through the contract, but the portion of the payment going towards ownership of the property will increase to 100% over time as the portion going to pay rent/lease decreases to 0% — the decrease in rent/lease
1432:
Suppose, for example, a person takes a five-year interest-bearing loan to buy a car. After two years, if he finds that keeping the car and the loan is uneconomical, he can sell the car in the market and repay the loan. This is not so in the case of ijara. Ijara finance cannot be terminated
1378:
contract for construction of whatever it is that will provide the service or benefit. The financer finances its making, while the party begins leasing the asset after "taking delivery" of it. While forward sales normally do not comply with sharia, it is allowed using
1208:
In this transaction (hire purchase or Lease-Sale or
Financial Lease) the customer leases (hires) a good and agrees to purchase it, paying in installments so that by the end of the lease it owns the good free and clear. This involves two contracts:
1383:
provided rent/lease payment do not begin until after the customer takes delivery. Also required by sharia is that the asset be clearly specified, its rental rate be clearly set (although the rate may float based on the agreement of both parties).
1922:
1166:(owner of the leased property) agreeing to bear all the "liabilities emerging from the ownership", etc. Usmani lists eleven "basic differences between the contemporary financial leasing" and "leasing allowed by the Shari‘ah".
1238:
reflecting the decrease in the bank's equity of the property as the buyer's increases (much like the interest portion of a conventional mortgage payment declines to zero and the equity payment increases to 100% over time).
1363:), the service or benefit being leased is well-defined, but the particular unit providing that service or benefit is not identified. Thus, if a unit providing the service or benefit is destroyed, the contract is not void.
1251:) concurrent and interrelated legal contracts, the net effect being the paying of a fee for the use of money for the term of the loan. The use of concurrent interrelated contracts is also prohibited under Shariah Law.)
2040:
1247:, a technique used by European bankers and merchants during the Middle Ages to comply with the letter of the Church's prohibition on interest bearing loans. In a contractum, two parties would enter into three (
1421:
the buyer and re-sell the property, they are "obliged by law to secure the best possible price" and to make available, "a full account" of the resale transactions to the foreclosed borrower. In a
2134:
2259:
1807:
2059:
2424:
1324:(gift), where legal title is transferred to the lessee without any more payments, and which according to investment-and-finance.net "is widely used by Islamic banks."
2282:
2354:
1254:
As of around 2013 there were 15 banks in
Malaysia that offered this mode of finance (sometimes abbreviated as AITAB) for "individual and corporate customers".
2231:
2507:
2477:
2512:
2799:
2494:
1344:
c) where ownership is transferred before the end of the lease tenor for a price equivalent to the remaining ijarah installments (net of rental).
2396:
2387:
2203:
976:
2175:
1277:
contract the transfer of ownership occurs as soon as the lessee pays the purchase price of the asset — anytime during the leasing period.
2517:
1089:, al-Ijārah, "to give something on rent" or "providing services and goods temporarily for a wage" (a noun, not a verb)), is a term of
2617:
2470:
1643:
1338:
a) where there is a gradual transfer of legal title of the leased property during the leasing "tenor" (period of time of the lease).
867:
2612:
2311:
2154:
1405:
to hold title to the property and "serve as parties to various agreements regarding obligations for repairs and insurance".
2789:
2463:
2768:
1897:
1428:
Muhammad Akram Khan criticizes ijara's customer protection vis-à-vis conventional interest-bearing loans in an example:
855:
1841:
275:
2532:
1154:
lists seventeen "Basic Rules of
Leasing" (leasing referring to Islamic leasing which Usmani uses interchangeably with
2434:
2406:
2213:
2185:
2164:
2116:
2088:
2053:
1965:
840:
2363:
2291:
1955:
2562:
2106:
425:
2607:
2725:
2542:
1370:
is the leasing of something (such as a home, office, or factory) not yet produced or constructed. This means the
482:
2241:
1063:
997:
522:
23:
2502:
1303:
The lease and the transfer of ownership of the asset or the property should be recorded in separate documents.
2587:
1306:
The agreement to transfer of ownership should not be a pre-condition to the signing of the leasing contract.
2754:
2689:
729:
684:
311:
2486:
1096:
797:
962:
240:
1309:
The “promise” to transfer the ownership should be unilateral and should be binding only on the lessor.
1416:
house purchase is in a weaker legal position than the payer of a conventional mortgage. Firstly, the
1028:
330:
2794:
1402:
872:
706:
2177:
Islamic
Banking in Pakistan: Shariah-Compliant Finance and the Quest to Make Pakistan More Islamic
2552:
454:
967:
2809:
2340:
1169:
Faleel
Jamaldeen lists three features of ijarah that distinguish it from conventional leasing:
878:
503:
430:
2031:
1700:
1341:
b) where the legal title is transferred at the end of lease tenor for "a token consideration".
2730:
2450:
2078:
1107:” of a property, generally for a fixed period and price. In hiring, the employer is called
2694:
2319:. Kuwait: Regional Workshop on Islamic Banking. International Monetary Fund. Archived from
1151:
1103:, it means a contract for the hiring of persons or renting/leasing of the services or the “
945:
1651:
8:
540:
489:
1359:
Islamic contract, (literally "lease described with responsibility", also transliterated
2592:
2381:
1243:
1056:
701:
443:
247:
2684:
2668:
2430:
2402:
2237:
2209:
2181:
2160:
2112:
2084:
2049:
2027:
1961:
720:
461:
382:
320:
218:
197:
2205:
What Is Wrong with
Islamic Economics?: Analysing the Present State and Future Agenda
2709:
2320:
1174:
1163:
387:
261:
1750:
1725:
2804:
2024:
The Riba-Interest
Equation and Islam: Re-examination of the Traditional Arguments
1808:"What is the Difference Between Ijara Muntahia Bittamleek and Ijara Thumma Bay'?"
1120:
1082:
1039:
589:
368:
347:
1937:
1782:
1957:
Theory and
Practice of Modern Islamic Finance: The Case Analysis from Australia
1410:
Theory and
Practice of Modern Islamic Finance: The Case Analysis from Australia
1393:
assumes the liability for his ownership and offers any usufruct to the lessee.
361:
192:
2455:
2783:
2572:
2260:"Development of Sukuk: Pragmatic and Idealist Approaches to Sukuk Structures"
1593:
1299:
An
Islamically correct ijara wa iqtina contract "rests" on three conditions:
1049:
111:
2342:
The Historic Judgment on Interest Delivered in the Supreme Court of Pakistan
2699:
1273:, it may involve both a lease contract and a sale contract. However, in an
678:
669:
646:
598:
475:
354:
296:
1224:
that triggers a sale to be completed by the end of the term of the Ijarah.
2704:
787:
146:
1618:
2747:
2658:
1398:
416:
2567:
2522:
1257:
1018:
282:
255:
1674:
2557:
2547:
1533:
1425:
contract the lessor/lender has "no such obligation" to the lessee.
1217:
that outlines the terms for leasing or renting over a fixed period;
1177:
must own the asset being leased for the entire period of the lease.
1104:
956:
913:
815:
127:
2663:
2602:
934:
822:
770:
567:
268:
120:
65:
1187:
Use of the asset being leased must be specified in the contract.
2771:(OIC) are nations which officially recognize Islam politically.
2648:
2527:
2133:
Karim, Nimrah; Tarazi, Michael; Reilli., Zavier (August 2008).
1292:
sale/ownership transfer is "an option given to the lessee". In
1228:
One Islamic Bank (Devon Bank) describes the process as follows
920:
695:
688:
545:
468:
289:
100:
55:
1123:" does not end in a change of ownership, nor does the type of
2643:
2627:
2597:
2577:
1012:
1005:
927:
906:
899:
885:
829:
763:
756:
749:
737:
635:
624:
578:
534:
409:
400:
393:
213:
206:
187:
166:
93:
86:
74:
2080:
Heaven's Bankers: Inside the Hidden World of Islamic Finance
2653:
2622:
2582:
1401:(with additional cost) is to establish "bankruptcy-remote"
1091:
892:
808:
776:
607:
556:
496:
336:
175:
157:
139:
31:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1828:
45:
1203:
1119:
need not lead to purchase. In conventional leasing an "
2233:
Islam and Mammon: The Economic Predicaments of Islamism
2290:. Thomson Reuters & Dinar Standard. Archived from
1825:
1313:
Another source (investment-and-finance.net) describes
2015:
1992:. Cheltenham, UK; Northampton, MA, USA: Edward Elgar.
1181:
2267:
Journal of International Banking Law and Regulation
2042:
Islamic Finance : Law, Economics, and Practice
1556:
1554:
1265:(literally, "lease and ownership") is also called
2284:State of the Global Islamic Economy Report 2015/16
1933:
1931:
1258:Ijarah wa-iqtina (or al-ijarah muntahia bitamleek)
1923:Usmani, ''Introduction to Islamic Finance'', 1998
2781:
2313:Main Types and Risks of Islamic Banking Products
2135:"Islamic microfinance: An emerging market niche"
1570:
1551:
1280:Another source describes the difference between
2485:
1928:
1504:
1502:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1996:
1981:
1947:
1611:
1350:
2471:
1916:
1874:
1057:
1499:
1453:
1412:that at least in that country the lessee of
1269:("lease that ends with ownership"). Like a
1241:(This type of transaction is similar to the
2148:. Consultative Group to Assist the Poor: 1.
1180:No compound interest may be charged if the
2478:
2464:
2386:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1718:
1064:
1050:
2429:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
1865:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1474:
2398:Islamic Finance: Principles and Practice
1990:Islamic Finance: Principles and practice
1672:
1160:Islamic Finance: Principles and Practice
2800:Islamic banking and finance terminology
2339:Usmani, Muhammad Taqi (December 1999).
2022:Farooq, Mohammad Omar (November 2005).
1890:
1859:
1800:
1623:Ijara Community Development Corporation
1095:(Islamic jurisprudence) and product in
2782:
1987:
1518:
2459:
2426:Islamic finance in the global economy
2401:(Second ed.). Elgar Publishing.
2005:What Is Wrong with Islamic Economics?
1960:. Universal-Publishers. p. 210.
1953:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1743:
1666:
1204:Ijarah thumma al bai' (hire purchase)
1331:through sales may be of three types:
2769:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
2156:Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam
1701:"Definition of "Ijarah wa-iqtina ""
1086:
13:
2451:Ijara as an Islamic Finance Method
2356:An Introduction to Islamic Finance
2348:. Karachi, Pakistan: albalagh.net.
2310:Turk, Rima A. (27–30 April 2014).
2309:
2016:Books, documents, journal articles
1768:
1191:
14:
2821:
2444:
2038:
1636:
1531:
1366:In contemporary Islamic finance,
2281:
2229:
2021:
1755:ijara community development corp
44:
2338:
2201:
2152:
2002:
1866:Delorenzo, Yusuf Talal (n.d.).
1693:
1579:Introduction to Islamic Finance
1563:Introduction to Islamic Finance
1467:Introduction to Islamic Finance
1408:Abu Umar Faruq Ahmad writes in
1111:, while the employee is called
573:(unlawful warfare and banditry)
16:Term of Fiqh in Islamic banking
2353:Usmani, Muhammad Taqi (1998).
2352:
2258:Saeed, A.; Salah, O. (2014) .
2257:
2236:. Princeton University Press.
2173:
2104:
1954:Ahmad, Abu Umar Faruq (2010).
1898:"Ijarah Mawsufa Fi al-Dhimmah"
1880:
1870:. Thomson Reuters. p. 59.
1586:
1576:
1560:
1508:
1464:
1296:sale is part of the contract.
1184:delays or defaults on payment.
1:
2422:
2394:
2202:Khan, Muhammad Akram (2013).
2132:
2076:
2039:el-Gamal, Mahmoud A. (2006).
1437:
1387:
2755:The Economic System In Islam
2690:Mohammad Najatuallah Siddiqi
2362:. Kazakhstan. Archived from
2159:. Harvard University Press.
2083:. Little, Brown Book Group.
1447:
1374:contract is combined with a
1267:al ijarah muntahia bitamleek
7:
2790:Islamic financial contracts
2487:Islamic banking and finance
2208:. Edward Elgar Publishing.
2174:Khan, Feisal (2015-12-22).
2108:Islamic Finance For Dummies
2048:. New York, NY: Cambridge.
1883:Islamic Finance For Dummies
1751:"Ijara Muntahia-bi-tamleek"
1511:Islamic Finance For Dummies
1372:ijara mawsoofa bi al dhimma
1368:ijara mawsoofa bi al dhimma
1357:ijara mawsoofa bi al dhimma
1351:ijara mawsoofa bi al dhimma
1196:There are several types of
1097:Islamic banking and finance
10:
2826:
2105:Jamaldeen, Faleel (2012).
1868:A Guide to Islamic Finance
1783:"What is Ijara wa Iqtina?"
1675:"Al-Ijarah Thumma al-Bay'"
1482:"Islamic Glossary. Ijarah"
1361:ijara mawsufa bi al thimma
1329:Ijarah muntahia bittamleek
1315:Ijarah muntahia bittamleek
2764:
2739:
2718:
2677:
2636:
2493:
2111:. John Wiley & Sons.
1355:In a "forward ijarah" or
1290:ijara muntahia bittamleek
1282:ijara muntahia bittamleek
1150:Islamic finance theorist
2423:Warde, Ibrahim (2010) .
1812:Investment & Finance
1442:
1403:Special-purpose entities
1145:
1129:al-ijarah (tashghiliyah)
594:("spreading corruption")
2726:Banks in the Arab world
1673:Azizi, Mohd (c. 2013).
1594:"Ijarah thumma al bai'"
1138:does lead to purchase (
2767:The bloc known as the
2153:Kepel, Gilles (2002).
2077:Irfan, Harris (2015).
1902:investment&finance
1846:Investment and Finance
1435:
1235:
2731:Participation banking
2395:Visser, Hans (2013).
2230:Kuran, Timur (2004).
1988:Visser, Hans (2009).
1430:
1230:
32:Islamic jurisprudence
2695:Muhammad Taqi Usmani
1152:Muhammad Taqi Usmani
1134:In Islamic finance,
1730:Islamic-finance.com
1534:"MEANING OF IJARAH"
2593:Sharia investments
2588:Securities trading
2513:Bai' Bithaman Ajil
1904:. 12 February 2013
1327:or through sales.
1244:contractum trinius
685:Gender segregation
248:Islamic leadership
2777:
2776:
2685:Abdul Azim Islahi
2669:Modern gold dinar
1842:"Types of Ijarah"
1654:on 2 October 2017
1619:"Ijara Contracts"
1317:as being though
1294:ijara thumma bay`
1286:ijara thumma bay`
1271:ijara thumma bay`
1099:. In traditional
1074:
1073:
988:
987:
846:
845:
660:
659:
513:
512:
438:
437:
231:
230:
2817:
2772:
2710:Waleed El-Ansary
2480:
2473:
2466:
2457:
2456:
2440:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2391:
2385:
2377:
2375:
2374:
2368:
2361:
2349:
2347:
2335:
2333:
2331:
2325:
2318:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2297:on 14 March 2023
2296:
2289:
2278:
2276:
2274:
2264:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2226:
2224:
2222:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2170:
2149:
2142:CGAP Focus Notes
2139:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2073:
2071:
2070:
2064:
2058:. Archived from
2047:
2035:
2010:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1951:
1945:
1935:
1926:
1920:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1894:
1888:
1878:
1872:
1871:
1863:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1838:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1804:
1798:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1779:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1747:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1722:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1697:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1650:. Archived from
1640:
1634:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1590:
1584:
1574:
1568:
1558:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1529:
1516:
1506:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1478:
1472:
1462:
1423:Ijarah wa Iqtina
1418:Ijarah wa Iqtina
1414:Ijarah wa Iqtina
1263:Ijarah wa-iqtina
1088:
1066:
1059:
1052:
1029:Prisoners of war
1024:
982:
977:Comparison with
861:
860:
726:
725:
653:
642:
631:
614:
604:
595:
585:
574:
563:
552:
528:
527:
440:
439:
317:
316:
276:Wilayat al-faqih
262:Majlis-ash-Shura
61:
60:
48:
19:
18:
2825:
2824:
2820:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2814:
2795:Islamic banking
2780:
2779:
2778:
2773:
2766:
2760:
2735:
2714:
2673:
2632:
2489:
2484:
2447:
2437:
2413:
2411:
2409:
2379:
2378:
2372:
2370:
2366:
2359:
2345:
2329:
2327:
2323:
2316:
2300:
2298:
2294:
2287:
2272:
2270:
2262:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2220:
2218:
2216:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2167:
2137:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2068:
2066:
2062:
2056:
2045:
2018:
2013:
2001:
1997:
1986:
1982:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1952:
1948:
1940:Islamic Finance
1936:
1929:
1921:
1917:
1907:
1905:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1879:
1875:
1864:
1860:
1850:
1848:
1840:
1839:
1826:
1816:
1814:
1806:
1805:
1801:
1791:
1789:
1781:
1780:
1769:
1759:
1757:
1749:
1748:
1744:
1734:
1732:
1724:
1723:
1719:
1709:
1707:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1684:
1682:
1671:
1667:
1657:
1655:
1642:
1641:
1637:
1627:
1625:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1602:
1600:
1592:
1591:
1587:
1575:
1571:
1559:
1552:
1542:
1540:
1530:
1519:
1507:
1500:
1490:
1488:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1463:
1454:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1390:
1353:
1275:ijara wa iqtina
1260:
1206:
1194:
1192:Types of Ijarah
1148:
1140:Ijara wa Iqtina
1121:operating lease
1070:
1040:Islamic studies
1034:
1033:
1022:
1000:
990:
989:
975:
972:
940:
858:
848:
847:
835:
783:
723:
713:
712:
711:
672:
662:
661:
651:
640:
630:(discretionary)
629:
612:
602:
593:
590:Mofsed-e-filarz
583:
572:
561:
550:
525:
515:
514:
509:
422:
374:
342:
314:
304:
303:
302:
243:
233:
232:
227:
135:
134:
106:
58:
33:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2823:
2813:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2775:
2774:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2759:
2758:
2751:
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2446:
2445:External links
2443:
2442:
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2407:
2392:
2350:
2336:
2326:on 17 May 2017
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2017:
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1995:
1980:
1966:
1946:
1927:
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1873:
1858:
1824:
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1705:Islamic Banker
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1158:) in his work
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652:(compensation)
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28:
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15:
9:
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2:
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2810:Banking terms
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2573:Qard al-Hasan
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2508:Bai' al 'Inah
2506:
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2438:
2436:9780748627769
2432:
2428:
2427:
2421:
2410:
2408:9781781001745
2404:
2400:
2399:
2393:
2389:
2383:
2369:on 2015-08-07
2365:
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2256:
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2239:
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2234:
2228:
2217:
2215:9781782544159
2211:
2207:
2206:
2200:
2189:
2187:9781317366539
2183:
2180:. Routledge.
2179:
2178:
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2168:
2166:9780674010901
2162:
2158:
2157:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2136:
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2120:
2118:9781118233900
2114:
2110:
2109:
2103:
2092:
2090:9781472105066
2086:
2082:
2081:
2075:
2065:on 2018-04-03
2061:
2057:
2055:9780521864145
2051:
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2020:
2019:
2008:
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1991:
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1967:9781599425177
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1532:Fatma, Asma.
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1433:prematurely.
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641:(retaliation)
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562:(illicit sex)
559:
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431:Breastfeeding
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112:Sunnah prayer
108:
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51:
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30:
29:
25:
21:
20:
2753:
2746:
2700:Rusni Hassan
2537:
2518:Bai' Muajjal
2425:
2412:. Retrieved
2397:
2371:. Retrieved
2364:the original
2355:
2341:
2328:. Retrieved
2321:the original
2312:
2299:. Retrieved
2292:the original
2283:
2271:. Retrieved
2266:
2247:. Retrieved
2232:
2219:. Retrieved
2204:
2191:. Retrieved
2176:
2155:
2145:
2141:
2122:. Retrieved
2107:
2094:. Retrieved
2079:
2067:. Retrieved
2060:the original
2041:
2023:
2004:
1998:
1989:
1983:
1971:. Retrieved
1956:
1949:
1939:
1918:
1908:25 September
1906:. Retrieved
1901:
1892:
1882:
1876:
1867:
1861:
1849:. Retrieved
1845:
1815:. Retrieved
1811:
1802:
1790:. Retrieved
1786:
1760:24 September
1758:. Retrieved
1754:
1745:
1733:. Retrieved
1729:
1720:
1708:. Retrieved
1704:
1695:
1683:. Retrieved
1679:academia.edu
1678:
1668:
1656:. Retrieved
1652:the original
1647:
1638:
1626:. Retrieved
1622:
1613:
1601:. Retrieved
1597:
1588:
1578:
1572:
1562:
1541:. Retrieved
1538:academia.edu
1537:
1510:
1489:. Retrieved
1485:
1476:
1466:
1431:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1407:
1395:
1391:
1380:
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1214:
1207:
1197:
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1168:
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1133:
1128:
1124:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1100:
1090:
1077:
1076:
1075:
1019:
1011:
1004:
978:
955:
933:
926:
919:
912:
905:
898:
891:
884:
877:
828:
821:
814:
807:
786:
775:
769:
762:
755:
748:
736:
694:
677:
647:
636:
625:
608:
603:("sedition")
584:("mischief")
579:
568:
557:
546:
533:
504:Masturbation
502:
495:
488:
481:
474:
467:
460:
453:
415:
408:
399:
392:
367:
360:
353:
346:
335:
295:
288:
281:
274:
267:
260:
220:
212:
205:
198:
186:
174:
165:
156:
145:
138:
126:
119:
110:
99:
92:
85:
73:
64:
35:
2705:Umer Chapra
1881:Jamaldeen,
1583:: p.114-124
1567:: p.111-113
1509:Jamaldeen,
1288:as that in
841:Inheritance
788:Bayt al-mal
147:Nafl prayer
2784:Categories
2748:Iqtisaduna
2659:Gold dinar
2414:7 December
2373:2017-10-02
2269:(1): 41–52
2243:1400837359
2193:9 February
2096:28 October
2069:2017-10-02
1938:El-Gamal,
1648:Devon Bank
1486:Islamicity
1438:References
1399:workaround
1388:Challenges
702:Honorifics
551:(gambling)
2568:Musharaka
2563:Musawamah
2523:Bai Salam
2382:cite book
2330:17 August
1973:4 October
1851:5 October
1817:4 October
1787:Ijara CDC
1735:19 August
1685:5 October
1658:2 October
1628:4 October
1603:4 October
1491:19 August
1448:Citations
1136:al Ijarah
1127:known as
1109:musta’jir
1020:Istijarah
670:Etiquette
613:(stoning)
541:Blasphemy
256:Caliphate
241:Political
2678:Scholars
2637:Currency
2608:Tawarruq
2558:Murabaha
2553:Mudaraba
2548:Muamalat
2495:Concepts
2301:19 March
2273:18 March
2249:25 March
2221:26 March
2124:15 March
1644:"Ijarah"
1598:IjaraCDC
1577:Usmani,
1561:Usmani,
1465:Usmani,
1105:usufruct
1023:(asylum)
998:Military
957:Dhabihah
914:Tayammum
816:Murabaha
721:Economic
523:Criminal
462:Abortion
426:Adoption
383:Polygyny
331:Contract
321:Marriage
193:clothing
128:Tahajjud
24:a series
22:Part of
2664:Mithqal
2618:Wakalah
2603:Takaful
2543:Istisna
2032:1579324
2009:: p.349
1925:: p.167
1792:21 July
1726:"ijara"
1710:21 July
1543:21 July
1471:: p.109
1376:Istisna
1249:trinius
1087:الإجارة
979:kashrut
963:Alcohol
946:Dietary
935:Istinja
879:Taharah
856:Hygiene
823:Takaful
798:Banking
774: (
771:Sadaqah
730:History
569:Hirabah
483:Hygiene
417:Kafa'ah
388:Divorce
269:Imamate
217: (
191: (
121:Tarawih
87:Raka'ah
66:Shahada
2805:Credit
2649:Dirham
2613:Wadiah
2538:Ijarah
2528:Gharar
2433:
2405:
2240:
2212:
2184:
2163:
2115:
2087:
2052:
2030:
2007:, 2013
2003:Khan,
1964:
1944:: p.14
1942:, 2006
1885:, 2012
1581:, 1998
1565:, 1998
1513:, 2012
1469:, 1998
1381:ijarah
1215:Ijarah
1198:ijarah
1182:lessee
1175:lessor
1164:lessor
1156:ijarah
1125:ijarah
1117:Ijarah
1083:Arabic
1078:Ijarah
921:Miswak
873:Toilet
868:Sexual
707:Toilet
696:Mahram
689:Purdah
650:
639:
628:
611:
601:
592:
582:
571:
560:
549:
547:Maisir
469:Baligh
444:Sexual
369:Mut‘ah
355:Halala
348:Misyar
312:Family
290:Dhimmi
283:Bay'ah
199:Mut'ah
101:Turbah
56:Ritual
2740:Works
2719:Other
2644:Dinar
2628:Zakat
2598:Sukuk
2578:Qirad
2533:Hibah
2367:(PDF)
2360:(PDF)
2346:(PDF)
2324:(PDF)
2317:(PDF)
2295:(PDF)
2288:(PDF)
2263:(PDF)
2138:(PDF)
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1443:Notes
1322:hibah
1146:Rules
1013:Hudna
1006:Jihad
928:Najis
907:Ghusl
900:Masah
886:Ihram
830:Sukuk
764:Khums
757:Nisab
750:Jizya
738:Zakat
637:Qisas
626:Tazir
599:Fitna
580:Fasad
535:Hudud
455:Awrah
410:Iddah
401:Zihar
394:Khula
214:Umrah
207:Tawaf
188:Ihram
167:Zakat
94:Qibla
75:Salah
2654:Fals
2623:Waqf
2583:Riba
2503:Aqad
2431:ISBN
2416:2016
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2388:link
2332:2017
2303:2017
2275:2017
2251:2015
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2098:2015
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1545:2016
1515::157
1493:2017
1284:and
1173:The
1113:ajir
1101:fiqh
1092:fiqh
968:Pork
893:Wudu
809:Riba
777:Waqf
679:Adab
648:Diya
609:Rajm
558:Zina
497:Zina
490:Rape
476:Haya
362:Urfi
337:Mahr
297:Aman
221:Hajj
219:and
176:Hajj
158:Sawm
140:Witr
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